Book2 Unit4 过去分词作定语和宾补练习
一、单句语法填空
1．formed 2．organized 3．intended 4．made 5．based 6．attacked
7．designed 8．based 9．mentioned 10．filled 11．discussed 12．followed
13．delivered 14．told 15．located 16．conducted 17．reflected 18．named
19．aimed/aiming 20．attended 21．built 22．left 23．provided 24．done
25．invited 26．introduced 27．arranged 28．exchanged 29．known 30．trapped
31．related 32．published 33．spent 34．related 35．affected 36．informed
37．focused 38．understood 39．concentrated 40．surrounded 41．attracted
42．washed 43．spoken 44．improved 45．repaired 46．bought
47．stolen 48．locked 49．taken 50．heard 51．attached
52．prepared 53．fixed 54．sold/had been sold 55．destroyed 56．recognised
57．shown 58．closed 59．tied 60．charged
二、句型转换
1. The woman doctor tried her best to help the girl who was injured in the accident.
→The woman doctor tried her best to help the girl________________________________________.
【答案】injured in the accident
2．Tsinghua University, which was founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
→Tsinghua University, , is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
【答案】founded in 1911
3．He managed to make others understand his broken English. （同义句转换）
→He managed to make by others.
【答案】himself understood
4．When he got home, he found that his house had been broken into by somenone. (用find+宾语+宾补结构改写句子)
_______________________________________________________________________________
【答案】When he got home, he found his house broken into by someone.
5．What you said has completely removed my doubts.(同义句转换)
→What you said ___________________________________________________ . ( have+宾语+宾语补足语)
【答案】has had my doubts removed completely
三、翻译句子
你认识那个被一群学生包围着的老教师吗？
【答案】Do you know the old teacher surrounded by a group of students
第一次去罗马游玩时，我目不转睛地看着这座2000多年前建成的最大的室外剧场。（tear)
【答案】 The first time I visited Rome, I couldn’t tear my eyes away from the largest outdoor theatre built over 2000 years ago.
这座以英雄的名字命名的古城已成为最受欢迎的旅行目的地之一。(name)(汉译英)
【答案】The ancient city named after the hero has become one of the most popular travel destinations.
正要离开时，她注意到一个男孩被一群青少年包围。(be about to，过去分词作宾补)
【答案】She was about to leave when she noticed a boy surrounded by a group of teenagers.
他认为已经把一切都解决了。(have sth.done)
【答案】He thought that he had had everything settled.
我昨天下午去牙医 (dentist) 那里补了牙。 (have + 宾语+宾补)
【答案】I went to the dentist’s and had my teeth filled yesterday afternoon.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
本文是一篇说明文。随着2022年北京奥运会倒计时的继续，连接首都和奥运会主办城市张家口的新高速铁路刚刚投入使用。文章介绍了高铁的情况。
1.connecting 2. between 3. said 4. are equipped 5. its
6.a 7. automatically 8.limits 9.fastest 10.whenBook2 Unit4 重点知识考前复习
词汇变形
1．individual adj.单独的;个别的n.个人→individually adv.分别地;单独地;个别地
2．chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领;酋长→chiefly adv.主要地;首要地 chef n.主厨
3．puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑→ puzzled adj.迷惑的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的
同义词:confuse vt.迷惑;使困惑→confused adj.迷惑的→confusing adj.令人迷惑的
★把A和B混淆:confuse A with B 对…困惑: be confused about/by…
4．belong vi.应在(某处);适应→belongings n.财产,所有物;行李
短语:属于belong to 无被动,无正在进行时
(注意：belong本身名词形式为belonging,例如:归属感:a sense of belonging；只有在表示财产、所有物时才在词尾+s)
5．defence n.防御;保卫→defend vt.防护;防卫→defensive adj.防御的,戒备的;百般辩解的,发怒的 军事防御:military defence
6．legal adj.法律的;合法的→legally adv.合法地→illegally adv.违法地;非法地→illegal adj.非法的
7．surround vt.围绕;包围→ surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n.环境
短语: be surrounded by/with… 被…包围
8．evidence n.证据;证明→ evident adj.明显的(=apparent=obvious)
9．achieve(=accomplish)vt.完成;达到→achievement (=accomplishment)n.成就;成绩;达到
成就感:a sense of achievement
10．location n.地方;地点;位置→ located adj.位于→locate vt.使坐落于 vi.定位;定居
be located in位于…(=be situated in=lie in)
11．announce vt.宣布;通知;声称→announcement n.声明;宣告→announcer n.广播员,告知者
12．generous adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的→generosity n.慷慨→generously adv.慷慨地;宽大地;丰盛地
同样变法的词:curious adj.好奇的,求知欲强的→curiosity n.好奇心→curiously adv.好奇的
13．eager adj.热切的;渴望的→ eagerness n.热切;渴望→eagerly adv.热心地;热切地
渴望…:be dying/ hungry/thirsty/eager/anxious/desperate for…
14．poet n.诗人→poem n.诗;韵文→poetry n.诗歌
15．greet v.问候;迎接→greeting n.迎接;问候;招呼
16．custom n.风俗;习俗；习惯→customer n.顾客→customs n.海关;关税→accustom v.使习惯于 形近词：costume n.戏服;服装 consume vt.消费；消耗
短语：习惯于做某事 be accustomed to doing=be used to doing
过去常常做某事 used to do sth.
被用来做某事 be used to do sth.
17．crowd n.人群;一群人;民众vt.挤满;使…拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤
短语：be crowded/packed/flooded/loaded/jammed/crammed/filled/ with… 充满/挤满了…
18．fascinate vt.使着迷→fascinating(=striking=charming=attractive) adj.迷人的→fascinated adj.被迷住的→fascination n.魅力;有魅力的东西;入迷
19．sure adj.可靠的;必定的;确信的→ensure vt.保证,确保(=guarantee=make sure);使安全
20．philosophy n.哲学;人生观→philosopher n.哲学家→philosophical adj.哲学上的
21．strike v./n.打击,打动,袭击,侵袭,罢工,使想起→striking adj.显著的,突出的;引人注目的
22．port n.港口,避风港v.转移→import n./vt输入;进口→export n./vt输出;出口→portable adj.便于携带的;手提式的;轻便的
23．sensor n.传感器→sense n.意识;感觉vt.感觉到;意识到;理解→sensory adj.感觉的→sensitive adj. 敏感的 对…敏感:be sensitive to…
24. approach n./v.接洽;着手处理;靠/临近;方法途径→approachable adj.可接近的；友好的
25．influence v./n影响→influential adj.有影响的
26．charity n.慈善机构→charitable adj.行善的,慈善的；宽厚的，宽容的
二、 重点词组
1．join...to... 把……和……连接或联结起来
2．break away (from sb/sth) 脱离；背叛；逃脱
3．belong to 属于
4．as well as 同(一样也)；和；还
5．keep your eyes open (for) 留心；留意
6．result in 导致；造成
7．be referred to as 被称为；被认为
8．leave behind 留下；丢弃
have an influence on sth 对……有影响
10. have a long history of 有着……年悠久历史
11. a feast for the eyes 视觉盛宴
12. (be) dotted with... 布满；点缀
13. make up 组成
14. more than 很；非常
15. be likely to do sth. 可能做某事
三、重点句型
1．省略句式
So what is the difference between them，if any
if any 如果有的话
if so 如果是这样的话
if not 如果不是这样；不然，否则
if necessary 如果有必要的话
if possible 如果可能的话
if ever 如果曾经有的话
2．动名词短语作主语
Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
3．the way作先行词，后跟省略了that/in which引导的定语从句
They introduced the beginnings of the English language，and changed the way(that/in which/\)people built houses．
4．have＋宾语＋过去分词(短语)
They had castles built all around England，and made changes to the legal system.
★ have作使役动词用法：
①have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
②have sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事
③have sb./sth. done 让......被做
注意：have sth. to do 有某事要做
can't/won't have sb. doing sth. 不允许或不容忍某人做某事
5．make＋宾语＋宾补
Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable．
Book2 Unit4 过去分词作定语和宾补
知识回顾
二、误区警示
①doing≠现在进行时（be+doing）
②done≠一般过去时或被动语态(be+done)
③动名词or现在分词？
动名词（doing）在句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；现在分词在句中充当表语和定状补语
④非谓语动词间的区别：
不定式（to do）表主动、将来
现在分词（doing）表主动、进行
过去分词（done）表被动、完成
三、过去分词(短语)作定语
用法1：单个的过去分词作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词或代词前面，通常与修饰词之间的关系为被动、完成。
a polluted river 一条被污染的河流
the watered flowers 浇过水的花
a broken window 一扇被打破的窗户
【注意】
过去分词作定语时的意义
通常及物动词的过去分词作定语强调被动、完成或只强调被动；不及物动词的过去分词作定语，只表示完成。
(1)表示被动和完成
an honored doctor
a broken vase
an injured boy
a divided country
(2)只表示完成，不表示被动
fallen leaves 落叶
the risen sun 升起的太阳
a retired teacher 一位退休教师
②单个的过去分词 修饰复合不定代词 something, everything, anything, nothing, nobody等或指示代词those时，要放在这些词的后面修饰。 （口诀：不定代词放其后）
③少数单个过去分词做定语通常后置，修饰名词。（口诀：left、needed、studied、involved 、concerned记在心）
There is still some time left.
Some of the farmers concerned suffer from the low prices.（concerned和involved译为“相关的、涉及的”时放修饰词后）
用法2：某些动词的过去分词已成为形容词，这类形容词多用来表示人物的心理特征或感情变化。常见的这类过去分词有：
【注意】
puzzled, confused, frightened, excited, surprised等表示人物的心理特征或感情变化过去分词作形容词，用来修饰说明人时，除了可以用来描述人的心理活动以外，还可以用来修饰与人有关的一些名词，如look, voice, smile, expression, face等。
如：a satisfied smile; a surprised look
用法3：过去分词短语作定语时，通常放在被修饰词的后面，其作用相当于一个定语从句。通常与修饰词之间的关系为被动、完成。
The player loved by many people is Yao Ming.
=The player who is loved by many people is Yao Ming.
这个被很多人喜爱的运动员叫姚明。
【注意】某些动词的过去分词往往用于一些系表结构中(形如：be+v-ed+介...)，此时这些过去分词既不表示被动，也不表示完成，而表示一种状态。（解题方法：来源于系表结构或者说形如：be+v-ed+介...的短语，在句子中作定状补时，去掉be，保留剩余部分。）
1. You can give some suggestions based (base) on what you have learnt.
2.Do you know the girl buried (bury) in reading the novel
3.The mountain located (locate) in the North of China attracts many visitors every year.
【温馨提示】过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：
(1)语态不同：现在分词表示主动；过去分词表示被动。
The question discussed was very important.
讨论过的那个问题很重要。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2016.
矗立在街道角落的那所房子是2016年建的。
(2)时间关系上不同：现在分词表示动作正在进行；过去分词表示动作已经完成。
四、过去分词(短语)作宾补
过去分词作宾补与宾语之间的关系为被动、完成。
用法1：感官动词，如see, watch, observe, look at, notice / hear, listen to/ feel，find等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。（口诀：五看二听一感觉外加find）
以see为例：
see ... do sth. 看见……做了……（全程）
see ... doing sth. 看见……正做…….
see ... done 看见……被做
e.g.: I saw an old man knocked down by a car.
用法2：使役动词，如get/have/keep/make/leave等后，可用过去分词作宾语补足语。其完成用法如下：
make＋宾语＋
have＋宾语＋
get＋宾语＋
keep＋宾语＋
sb/sth doing sth. 让某人/物一直处在某状态 （主动、进行）
leave＋宾语＋ sth. undone 留下某事未被做 （被动）
sb. to do sth. 让某人去做某事 （主动、将来）
用法3：表示“意愿；命令”的动词，如like，want，wish，expect，order等可用过去分词作宾语补足语。
e.g.: The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.
经理要求在本周末完成这项工作。
用法4：过去分词用在“with＋宾语＋宾补”这一结构中，过去分词与宾语之间是动宾关系。
e.g.:John received an invitation to dinner，and with his work finished，he gladly accepted it.
约翰收到一份宴请函而且他的工作也做完了，他就欣然接受了邀请。
with复合结构如下：
with＋
e.g.:WeChat is like a public network，with people sharing information publicly；whatever they say or publish can be seen by everybody.
微信像是一个公开网络，人们公开分享信息，不管他们说什么、发布什么，大家都可以看到。
e.g.:With a great weight taken off her mind，she passed all the tests successfully.
由于放下了极大的思想包袱，她成功地通过了所有考试。
五、解题方法
Step 1: 分析句子结构，看是谓语动词还是非谓语动词
Step 2: 判断所作成分。
作定语，找被修饰词
作状语，找逻辑主语
作宾补，找宾语
Step 3: 判断主被动和时间，确定形式（to do/doing/done)。
Book2 Unit4 过去分词作定语和宾补练习
一、单句语法填空
1．Good habits (form) at youth make all the difference. — Aristotle
2．The lecture (organize) by our university to promote Chinese traditional culture is a big success.
3．These rooms (intend) for group discussions and seminars are being decorated.
4．The homes (make) of water plants are very attractive.
5．You should set goals (base) on your abilities and skills.
6．The soldiers were sent to help the old town (attack) by a heavy flood.
7．The old bridge (design) by a farmer attracted many visitors.
8．Don’t push yourself to achieve more than what is possible. Instead, you should set goals (base) on your abilities and skills.
9．Write the aspects (mention) in the left column in Activity 4.
10．At Easter, we give them plastic eggs (fill) with small toys, novelties and coins.
11．Several days passed before they came up with a satisfactory solution to the problems________.（discuss）
12．Professor Wang will give us a lecture about the history of Chinese tea, (follow) by a performance of Chinese tea show.
13．To solve students’ mental problems, we will hold a lecture (deliver) by a professor from the UK.
14．She understood that everything (tell)by her grandmother was true in the city.
15．The academy, (locate) in the Garden Hotel, aims to provide workshops and corporate training courses related to fashion design.
16．A survey (conduct) by a UK radio station found the best year for music was 1991.
17．The full moon (reflect) on the surface of the lake reminds people of their families far away.
18．A Shaoxing Opera (name) Butterfly Lovers will be on show in Tianjin Grand Theater.
19．Also, there is another programme (aim) at improving education for women.
20．The meeting (attend) by a lot of people was a great success.
21．The adobe dwellings (土坯房) (build)by the Pueblo Indians are admired even by the most modern architects.
22．The books (leave) here are for my students.
23．After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope (provide).
24．Actually, severe damage (do) to our land is of fairly recent origin in the history of our evolution (进化).
25．Who were the guests (invite) to your party last night
26．The man (introduce) to you by me yesterday had just returned from Japan.
27．Students are learning to solve a carefully (arrange) set of problems using an interactive programme.
28．On August 5, the number of postcards (exchange) by members topped 31 million.
29．A tsunami(海啸) occurs as a series of waves (know) as a “wave train,” and the series of surges (巨浪) can be five minutes or up to an hour apart.
30．The soldier was trying to save the girl (trap) in the burning house.
31．There are a lot of free resources (relate) to English on the Internet.
32．The book (publish) many years ago, describes the beautiful and mysterious Shangrilar (理想乐园)．
33．The trip back to my hometown reminds me of the happy days (spend) when I was a child.
34．Chinese calligraphy (书法), which has a long tradition in China, is a type of visual art (relate) to writing.
35．The mayor decided to visit the villages (affect) by the flood.
36．Please keep us (inform) if there is any change.
37．With all her energy (focus) on her children,she seems to have little time for anything else.
38．My spoken English is so poor that I cannot make myself (understand).
39．With all his attention (concentrate) on the painting, he didn’t notice me come in.
40．Arriving at the airport, Doctor Zhong Nanshan found himself (surround) by a number of journalists.
41．Walking in the nature reserve, you’ll find yourself (attract) by the amazing scenery.
42．Before going to the city, you’d better get your car (wash).
43．To learn English well, we should find chances to hear English (speak)as much as possible.
44．Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English (improve) in a short period of time.
45．Father had his car in the 4S shop last week.(repair)
46．With all the things she needed (buy), she went home happily.
47．Her necklace was found (steal)after she got home.
48．They kept the door (lock)for a long time.
49．We had some photos (take) in the park last weekend.
50．The music was so loud that she could hardly make herself (hear).
51．She found a box lying on the table with a card (attach) to it, saying Happy birthday.
52．Seeing the soldiers well (prepare) for the fight, the general nodded with satisfaction.
53．Tom was biting his lips, with his eyes (fix) on the floor.
54．He hurried to get to the cinema，only to find the tickets (sell) out.
55．Even the most gifted can have confidence (destroy) by the wrong instructor.
56．Alexander tried to get his work (recognise) in the medical circles.
57．She wants her paintings (show) in the gallery, but her paintings aren’t popular.
58．With my eyes tightly (close),I managed to make my way to the other end.
59．The murderer was brought in the police station with his hands (tie) behind his back.
60．There we can get our car battery (charge).
二、句型转换
1. The woman doctor tried her best to help the girl who was injured in the accident.
→The woman doctor tried her best to help the girl________________________________________.
2．Tsinghua University, which was founded in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
→Tsinghua University, , is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
3．He managed to make others understand his broken English. （同义句转换）
→He managed to make by others.
4．When he got home, he found that his house had been broken into by somenone. (用find+宾语+宾补结构改写句子)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．What you said has completely removed my doubts.(同义句转换)
→What you said__________________________________________________. ( have+宾语+宾语补足语)
三、翻译句子
你认识那个被一群学生包围着的老教师吗？
_________________________________________________________________________________
第一次去罗马游玩时，我目不转睛地看着这座2000多年前建成的最大的室外剧场。（tear)
_________________________________________________________________________________
这座以英雄的名字命名的古城已成为最受欢迎的旅行目的地之一。(name)
_________________________________________________________________________________
正要离开时，她注意到一个男孩被一群青少年包围。(be about to，过去分词作宾补)译
_________________________________________________________________________________
他认为已经把一切都解决了。(have sth.done)
_________________________________________________________________________________
我昨天下午去牙医 (dentist) 那里补了牙。 (have + 宾语+宾补)
_________________________________________________________________________________
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As the countdown to the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics continues, the new high-speed railway line 1 （connect）the capital with Olympic host city Zhangjiakou has just entered service. It cuts the travel time 2 the two from three hours to 47 minutes. But this isn’t just another bullet train. This beauty, part of China’s Fuxing series, can run up to 350 kilometers per hour without a driver, 3 （say）to be the world’s first smart high-speed railway.
So what makes them “smart” Well, the carriages 4 （equip）with 5G signals, intelligent lighting and sensors to collect real-time data and detect any operational abnormalities. Meanwhile, each individual seat has 5 （it）own touch-screen control panel and wireless charging docks. Though the high-speed trains on the route are autonomous, 6 monitoring driver will be on board at all times. The trains can 7 （automatic）start, stop and adjust to the different speed 8 （limit）between stations. Back at the station, robots and facial recognition technologies can help passengers with directions, luggage and paperless check-ins.
Today, China is home to the world’s largest high-speed rail network, and the 9 （fast）commercially operating train—the Shanghai maglev. According to the China State Railway Group, 1,036 Fuxing bullet trains have been put into operation since 2017, 10 the series were first launched.
