Unit14重点短语句型+语法清单
重点短语
get a business degree 取得一个商业学位
join the school swim team 加入学校游泳队
look forward to doing sth 期望做某事
try to be on time for morning reading 尽力赶上早读
keep my cool 保持我的清高
make a great big mess 弄得一团糟
pride of overcoming fear 克服恐惧感的自豪
look back at 回首
put in more effort 更加努力
guide sb to do sth 指导某人做某事
work out the answer yourself 自己找出答案
be patient with sb 对......有耐心
learn to play the keyboard 学会弹钢琴
score two goals in a row 连续踢进两个球
meet this group of friends 遇到这群朋友
meet the standard of a strict teacher 满足一位要求严格的老师的要求
do a school survey 做一个学校调查
win a prize 获奖
重点句型
1. ——What are you looking forward to 你期望做什么
——I'm looking forward to going to senior high school. 我期望上高中。
2. ——What do you use to do that you don't do now 你以前做而现在不做的事是什么
——l used to take dance lessons, but l don't anymore. 我以前上舞蹈课,但现在不上了。
3. ——What do you remember about Grade 8. 关于八年级你记得什么
——l remember being a volunteer. 我记得当一名志愿者。
4. ——What are your plans for next year 你明年的计划是什么
——I'm going to join the school volleyball team. 我将加入学校排球队。
5. ——How do you think things will be different in senior high school 你认为在高中会有什么不同
——I think that i'll have to study much harder for exams. 我想我将更加为考试努力学习。
6. ——How have you changed since you started junior high school 你上中学后有什么变化
——I've become much better at speaking English. 我在说英语上比以前更好。
7. ——What happened in Grade7 that was special 在七年级时发生了什么特别的事
——Our team won the school basketball competition. 我们队赢了学校的蓝球比赛。
语法:宾语从句
宾语从句是一种名词性从句,充当动词的宾语,通常由连词引导,表示的是一句话的内容、想法、说法或所做的事情等。
1. 结构
宾语从句由 引导词 + 主语 + 谓语 组成,通常位于主句的动词后面,作为其宾语。
2. 引导词
宾语从句通常由 that、whether、if、疑问词(如what, when, where, why, how等)引导。
that:用于表示陈述的内容,通常不可省略,但在口语中有时会省略。
如:He said that he was tired.(他说他累了。)
whether/if:用于表示选择性问题或不确定性,通常不可以省略。
如:She asked whether we were ready.(她问我们是否准备好了。)
如:I don’t know if he will come.(我不知道他是否会来。)
疑问词:用于引导具体问题的宾语从句,如:what, when, where, why, how等。
如:I don't know what he is doing.(我不知道他在做什么。)
3. 宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序通常是陈述语序,即主语在前,谓语在后,不用倒装。
如:She asked if we could help her.(她问我们是否能帮她。)
4. 宾语从句中的时态变化
一般情况下,宾语从句的时态取决于主句的时态。主要有以下几种情况:
主句是一般过去时,宾语从句通常用过去时
如:She said that she went to the market.(她说她去了市场。)
如果宾语从句的动作在主句的动作之前,可以用过去完成时
如:He told me that he had finished his homework.(他告诉我他已经完成了作业。)
如果宾语从句表示普遍真理或客观事实,时态可以不变化
如:He said that the sun rises in the east.(他说太阳从东方升起。)
5. 常见的引导宾语从句的动词
宾语从句的引导通常与以下动词相关:
say, tell, ask, wonder, know, think, believe, decide, believe, suggest, remember, report等。
例句:
I asked if he had finished his homework.(我问他是否完成了作业。)
She wondered whether it would rain tomorrow.(她想知道明天是否会下雨。)
He knows that I am his friend.(他知道我是他的朋友。)
6.宾语从句的常见变化
主句为否定句,宾语从句的时态变换:
如:He doesn’t know that she is coming.(他不知道她会来。)
疑问句变为宾语从句:
如:Do you know where she lives → Can you tell me where she lives (你知道她住在哪里吗?→ 你能告诉我她住在哪里吗?)
祈使句变为宾语从句:
如:He said, "Please help me." → He asked me to help him.(他说:“请帮我。” → 他叫我帮他。)