阅读理解专题之主旨大意题练习
1.202204 南通二次调研
At Jenner Park Primary School in Wales pupils between the ages of seven and nine are writing letters to
residents of a local care home.The initiative sees children and their elderly pen pals(笔友) exchange updates about their lives, helping to build relationships between generations while also giving the children an understanding of the value of writing letters by hand－an activity that's becoming less and less common.
Laura Johnson, the teacher who coordinates(协调)the scheme at Jenner Park, says:"All of out writing is for
A purpose.That's the key in getting children to value handwriting." “As soon as you put an audience there, knowing that someone out there is going to be reading it－whether that's parents or another group of children－there's always the real sense of pride to go along with it," says Johnson.
The school maintains a focus on handwriting throughout the years from dedicated handwriting classes in the prep school to a calligraphy club offered to the older groups . It has created something called the pen license. It allows younger children to move from using a pencil to pen once they've reached a certain standard. "There's a lot of excitement about reaching that pen licence stage." says Johnson.
Johnson adds that developing students’ writing in this way matters for their life after school:“For us, it's
important that we create citizens of the future who have a set of life skills that can make them successful." The dominance of technology is a challenge, she admits, but she also believes both tools have their place.“Obviously we’re competing with technology continuously,"she says.“And I know there are people there saying you don't need to bother about handwriting because tech is out there. But we don't see it as competing.We’re trying to get pupils to realize that there’s a place for handwriting and to know when it's important to use each."
1. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.Handwriting promotes the pen pal scheme
B.Slow communication reduces misunderstanding
C.relative ideas for dealing with challenges gain popularity
D. Putting pen to paper contributes to a love of the written word
2. 福建泉州 4 月份 福建省质检
By examining tiny vessels(血管)inside a person’s eyes, doctors might one day be able to predict that person’s risk of early death, according to a new study.
Past research had shown the retina(视网膜)，light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye, as a possible indicator of a person’s biological age. The retina offers a unique. accessible “window”to evaluate underlying pathological(病理的)processes of some serious diseases that are associated with increased risks of death. In the new study, the researchers turned to a deep-leaning technique that could predict a person’s risk of death by analyzing the biological age of the retina.
Their deep-leaning model, a type of machine learning and artificial intelligence that's modeled to learn similar to a human brain, analyzed more than 80,000images of fundus(眼底)-the internal back surface of the eve that includes the retina. They obtained the images from nearly 47,000 people between the ages of 40 and 69, stored in the U.KBio bank.To figure out whether their model was accurate, they first analyzed more than 19,000 fundus images taken from more than 11000 participants who were in relatively good health. The idea was that the retinal biological ages of these people should be fairly similar to their chronological age(实际年龄).
The model was fairly accurate in predicting retinal ages, with an accuracy of within 3.5 years to chronological ages. They then used the model to assess the remaining nearly 36,000 participants’ fundus photos collected across a span of 11 years. They found that 51 percent of the participants had a “retinal age gap”-the difference between biological and chronological age - of more than 3 years, 28 percent had a gap of more than 5 years and 4.5 percent had a gap of more than 10 years.In other words, these participants had “older”eyes compared to their chronological age.
Those who had larger age gaps had a 49-67 percent higher risk of death from causes other than cardiovascular disease or cancer. With every one year increase in the age gap, the risk of death increased by 2 percent for any cause and 3 percent for causes other than cardiovascular disease and cancer.
2.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.A new study is conducted on tiny vessels B.Image technology is used to predict diseases
C. Eyes may reveal a person’s biological age D.A deep-leaning on the retina is necessary
3.202204 湖丽衢
Owww!A little girl wails恸哭 after falling and bumping her knee.Her father rushes over and inspects the leg ."I'll kiss it and make it better," he says.The kiss works. The girl sniffles抽噎, wipes her eyes, then jumps up and gets back to playing. Her pain is forgotten.
Scenes like this one happen on playgrounds and in homes around the world every day.When a child gets a bump or bruise in Germany , says Ulrike Bingel," someone will blow the pain away."
A caring adult can seemingly stop a child's pain with a puff of air ,a kiss or even just a few kind words.Of course, none of these things can repair injured skin. So what's happening Doctors call it the placebo effect.It describes what happens when something that should have no effect triggers 引起a real, positive change in someone's body.
Placebos are a very important part of medical research. To prove that a new medicine works, researchers must show that people taking it improve more than people getting a placebo.This placebo is usually a pill that looks the same as the treatment but contains no medicine.At times a person may feel better after taking a placebo pill even though the pill did not act on any disease or symptoms.
This placebo response isn't an illusion幻觉.It comes from the brain. A placebo effect can only influence body processes that the brain can modify缓和, such as pain or digestion .Kathryn Hall,a medical researcher in Boston says,"Placebos don't do anything for bacteria,but they can change how strongly someone experiences pain or other symptoms." Other researchers are also trying to figure out why the placebo effect works.Ted Kaptchuk's group has discovered that placebo treatments work better when a doctor spends more quality time with a patient.
3.Which of the following can be described as placebo effect
A.Taking more responsibilities if promoted.
B. Not feeling pains in knees after an operation
C.Becoming more active after drinking coffee
D.Falling fast asleep after taking vitamins labelled as sleeping pills.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To persuade patients to try the placebo pills. B. To introduce the placebo effect
C. To encourage studies on placebo pills. D. To promote values of real pills
5.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Power of Placebos B.Value of Placebo Pills C.History of Placebo Research D.Placebo Effects on Patients
4.202204 重庆二诊
Swimming is a wonderful thing for me －exercise,reflection and alone time.The only thing that can ruin a swim is when I shift my attention from my lane to what's happening in the lanes next to me. I can catch myself racing the person next to me or comparing our strokes.
Comparison is actually not an emotion.Researchers explain that comparing the self with others either intentionally or unintentionally is a common social phenomenon.
Comparison is the desire for consistency from one side and competition from the other－it's trying to be like everyone else, but better.When we compare ourselves with others ,we are ranking around a specific collection of “alike things”. I’m not swimming against Katie Ledecky’s times, I’m just interested in the stranger in the lane next to me.When we compare, we want to be the best of our group. It’s not be yourself and respect others for being genuine, but to win. I want to swim the same workout as you. and beat you at it.
In general , however, social comparisons are not associated with life satisfaction or the positive emotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear, anger, shame and sadness.
Here's what makes all of this really tough: Many social psychologists consider social comparison something that happens to us. More often than not , we don’t even know we’re doing it. This lack of awareness can lead to us showing up in ways that are hurtful to ourselves and others.
So we get to choose how we’re going to let it affect us. My new strategy is to look at the person in the lane next to me, and say to myself as if I’m talking to them ,“Have a great swim.” That way, I acknowledge the inevitable 必然发生的，不可避免的；and make a conscious decision to wish them well and return to my swim. So far it's working pretty well.
6. What may be the author’s attitude to social comparison
A.Critical B.Doubtful C.Indifferent D.Favorable
7.What is the feature of social comparison in the eyes of many psychologists
A.Its unavoidability B. Its emotional influence C.Its uncertainty D. Its cultural root.
5.202204 青岛 4 月
Amazing and perfectly beautiful, the Midnight Library is everything you’d expect from the genius
storyteller, Matt Haig .I picked it up from our readers’ recommendations (we asked our readers to send in some of their favorite recent books) and I can see why it won Best Fiction of 2020 in the Good Read Choice Awards.
The story follows Nora Seed ,a woman who is struggling and feels like nothing in her life has gone according to plan.While the initial chapters of the book are quite sad, Nora finds herself given a chance to start over in the Midnight Library, a magical place full of books of all the different paths her life could have taken. Nora is forced to stay in the library and try out different versions of her life until she finds the life she most wants to live.
I loved the idea that no dream or fork in your road is insignificant and that they all lead us to become different versions of ourselves. In one life, Nora is an Olympic swimmer. In another, she is a glaciologist(冰川学家)living on a boat off the coast of Antarctica.The novel reveals in a beautiful way that the potential we all have within us is impossible to measure and that we have the possibility to be happy in many different versions of life.
It also discusses how dangerous it can be to live your life with regrets.The Midnight Library revealed to Nora that even if you make very different choices, you may uncover a deeper appreciation for your current home and the people in your life . It is your perspective that matters.
I really loved the fantasy and magical realism in this novel and I would love for this to be turned into a series where we get to explore The Midnight Library of other characters’ lives as well.
8.What can we know about the author of the text
A. He should be an editor. B. He is the friend of Matt Haig.
C.Magical realism books are his favorite. D. He shares a similar experience with Nora.
9.What does The Midnight Library mainly discuss
A. A magic library B. The harm of regret. C. The exploration of life. D. Ways to make correct choices.
10.Where can the text be found
A. In a novel. B. In a magazine. C. In a history book. D. In a biography
11.What is the purpose of the text
A. To thank readers who introduced the book.
B. To honour Matt Haig the author of the book.
C. To share the author’s opinions on the book.
D. To publicize the book to people who are struggling
A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that non-human animals’ tears are not so different from our own. The chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the composition of other species’ tears--- and how they're adapted to their environments ----may provide insights into better treatments for human eye disease.
12.What might be the best title for the text
A.Tears，a Barrier to Eyes
B.A Better Treatment for Eye Disease
C.Non-human Tears Promise New Cure
D.Other Species’ Tears Are Similar to Humans
7. At a time when face masks have become a way of life, LG is the latest organization to release new technology that makes breathing easier.The PuriCare Wearable Air Purifier aims to give users an increased sense of security thanks to two H13 HEPA filters(过滤器)， double fans, and a respiratory sensor(呼吸传感器).
13.What is the best title for the text
A.A Face Mask Makes Breathing Easier B.A Special Face Mask Against COVID-19
C.LG's Hi-Tech Application in Daily Life D.LG Is Releasing a Hi-Tech Face Mask
8.Teenage life is quite dramatic but that doesn't mean you can't enjoy life in these years .Even with your daily troubles ,the life is not very hard if you know how to deal with them .
14.What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the paragraph
Teenage life is tough . B. Teenagers can' t enjoy life .
C.Teenage life is changeable D.Teenagers should learn more .
9.Some 5,000 wetland -dependent animal species could die out because of such losses. Wetland loss can also affect human beings. Wetlands act as natural storage areas for water. Losing those areas could lead to more severe flooding in many parts of the world. And the act of removing water from wetlands can release huge amounts of carbon dioxide, a major contributor to climate change.
15.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.Various functions of wetlands. B.Serious consequences of wetland loss.
C.Wetlands’ key role in climate change. D.Wetlands’ importance to living things.阅读理解专题之主旨大意题练习
1.202204 南通二次调研
At Jenner Park Primary School in Wales pupils between the ages of seven and nine are writing letters to
residents of a local care home.The initiative sees children and their elderly pen pals(笔友) exchange updates about their lives, helping to build relationships between generations while also giving the children an understanding of the value of writing letters by hand－an activity that's becoming less and less common.
Laura Johnson, the teacher who coordinates(协调)the scheme at Jenner Park, says:"All of out writing is for
A purpose.That's the key in getting children to value handwriting." “As soon as you put an audience there, knowing that someone out there is going to be reading it－whether that's parents or another group of children－there's always the real sense of pride to go along with it," says Johnson.
The school maintains a focus on handwriting throughout the years from dedicated handwriting classes in the prep school to a calligraphy club offered to the older groups . It has created something called the pen license. It allows younger children to move from using a pencil to pen once they've reached a certain standard. "There's a lot of excitement about reaching that pen licence stage." says Johnson.
Johnson adds that developing students’ writing in this way matters for their life after school:“For us, it's
important that we create citizens of the future who have a set of life skills that can make them successful." The dominance of technology is a challenge, she admits, but she also believes both tools have their place.“Obviously we’re competing with technology continuously,"she says.“And I know there are people there saying you don't need to bother about handwriting because tech is out there. But we don't see it as competing.We’re trying to get pupils to realize that there’s a place for handwriting and to know when it's important to use each."
1. Which can be a suitable title for the text
A.Handwriting promotes the pen pal scheme
B.Slow communication reduces misunderstanding
C.relative ideas for dealing with challenges gain popularity
D. Putting pen to paper contributes to a love of the written word
2. 福建泉州 4 月份 福建省质检
By examining tiny vessels(血管)inside a person’s eyes, doctors might one day be able to predict that person’s risk of early death, according to a new study.
Past research had shown the retina(视网膜)，light-sensitive layers of nerve tissue at the back of the eye, as a possible indicator of a person’s biological age. The retina offers a unique. accessible “window”to evaluate underlying pathological(病理的)processes of some serious diseases that are associated with increased risks of death. In the new study, the researchers turned to a deep-leaning technique that could predict a person’s risk of death by analyzing the biological age of the retina.
Their deep-leaning model, a type of machine learning and artificial intelligence that's modeled to learn similar to a human brain, analyzed more than 80,000images of fundus(眼底)-the internal back surface of the eve that includes the retina. They obtained the images from nearly 47,000 people between the ages of 40 and 69, stored in the U.KBio bank.To figure out whether their model was accurate, they first analyzed more than 19,000 fundus images taken from more than 11000 participants who were in relatively good health. The idea was that the retinal biological ages of these people should be fairly similar to their chronological age(实际年龄).
The model was fairly accurate in predicting retinal ages, with an accuracy of within 3.5 years to chronological ages. They then used the model to assess the remaining nearly 36,000 participants’ fundus photos collected across a span of 11 years. They found that 51 percent of the participants had a “retinal age gap”-the difference between biological and chronological age - of more than 3 years, 28 percent had a gap of more than 5 years and 4.5 percent had a gap of more than 10 years.In other words, these participants had “older”eyes compared to their chronological age.
Those who had larger age gaps had a 49-67 percent higher risk of death from causes other than cardiovascular disease or cancer. With every one year increase in the age gap, the risk of death increased by 2 percent for any cause and 3 percent for causes other than cardiovascular disease and cancer.
2.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A.A new study is conducted on tiny vessels B.Image technology is used to predict diseases
C. Eyes may reveal a person’s biological age D.A deep-leaning on the retina is necessary
3.202204 湖丽衢
Owww!A little girl wails恸哭 after falling and bumping her knee.Her father rushes over and inspects the leg ."I'll kiss it and make it better," he says.The kiss works. The girl sniffles抽噎, wipes her eyes, then jumps up and gets back to playing. Her pain is forgotten.
Scenes like this one happen on playgrounds and in homes around the world every day.When a child gets a bump or bruise in Germany , says Ulrike Bingel," someone will blow the pain away."
A caring adult can seemingly stop a child's pain with a puff of air ,a kiss or even just a few kind words.Of course, none of these things can repair injured skin. So what's happening Doctors call it the placebo effect.It describes what happens when something that should have no effect triggers 引起a real, positive change in someone's body.
Placebos are a very important part of medical research. To prove that a new medicine works, researchers must show that people taking it improve more than people getting a placebo.This placebo is usually a pill that looks the same as the treatment but contains no medicine.At times a person may feel better after taking a placebo pill even though the pill did not act on any disease or symptoms.
This placebo response isn't an illusion幻觉.It comes from the brain. A placebo effect can only influence body processes that the brain can modify缓和, such as pain or digestion .Kathryn Hall,a medical researcher in Boston says,"Placebos don't do anything for bacteria,but they can change how strongly someone experiences pain or other symptoms." Other researchers are also trying to figure out why the placebo effect works.Ted Kaptchuk's group has discovered that placebo treatments work better when a doctor spends more quality time with a patient.
3.Which of the following can be described as placebo effect
A.Taking more responsibilities if promoted.
B. Not feeling pains in knees after an operation
C.Becoming more active after drinking coffee
D.Falling fast asleep after taking vitamins labelled as sleeping pills.
4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text
A. To persuade patients to try the placebo pills. B. To introduce the placebo effect
C. To encourage studies on placebo pills. D. To promote values of real pills
5.Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A.Power of Placebos B.Value of Placebo Pills C.History of Placebo Research D.Placebo Effects on Patients
4.202204 重庆二诊
Swimming is a wonderful thing for me －exercise,reflection and alone time.The only thing that can ruin a swim is when I shift my attention from my lane to what's happening in the lanes next to me. I can catch myself racing the person next to me or comparing our strokes.
Comparison is actually not an emotion.Researchers explain that comparing the self with others either intentionally or unintentionally is a common social phenomenon.
Comparison is the desire for consistency from one side and competition from the other－it's trying to be like everyone else, but better.When we compare ourselves with others ,we are ranking around a specific collection of “alike things”. I’m not swimming against Katie Ledecky’s times, I’m just interested in the stranger in the lane next to me.When we compare, we want to be the best of our group. It’s not be yourself and respect others for being genuine, but to win. I want to swim the same workout as you. and beat you at it.
In general , however, social comparisons are not associated with life satisfaction or the positive emotions of love and joy but are associated with the negative emotions of fear, anger, shame and sadness.
Here's what makes all of this really tough: Many social psychologists consider social comparison something that happens to us. More often than not , we don’t even know we’re doing it. This lack of awareness can lead to us showing up in ways that are hurtful to ourselves and others.
So we get to choose how we’re going to let it affect us. My new strategy is to look at the person in the lane next to me, and say to myself as if I’m talking to them ,“Have a great swim.” That way, I acknowledge the inevitable 必然发生的，不可避免的；and make a conscious decision to wish them well and return to my swim. So far it's working pretty well.
6. What may be the author’s attitude to social comparison
A.Critical B.Doubtful C.Indifferent D.Favorable
7.What is the feature of social comparison in the eyes of many psychologists
A.Its unavoidability B. Its emotional influence C.Its uncertainty D. Its cultural root.
5.202204 青岛 4 月
Amazing and perfectly beautiful, the Midnight Library is everything you’d expect from the genius
storyteller, Matt Haig .I picked it up from our readers’ recommendations (we asked our readers to send in some of their favorite recent books) and I can see why it won Best Fiction of 2020 in the Good Read Choice Awards.
The story follows Nora Seed ,a woman who is struggling and feels like nothing in her life has gone according to plan.While the initial chapters of the book are quite sad, Nora finds herself given a chance to start over in the Midnight Library, a magical place full of books of all the different paths her life could have taken. Nora is forced to stay in the library and try out different versions of her life until she finds the life she most wants to live.
I loved the idea that no dream or fork in your road is insignificant and that they all lead us to become different versions of ourselves. In one life, Nora is an Olympic swimmer. In another, she is a glaciologist(冰川学家)living on a boat off the coast of Antarctica.The novel reveals in a beautiful way that the potential we all have within us is impossible to measure and that we have the possibility to be happy in many different versions of life.
It also discusses how dangerous it can be to live your life with regrets.The Midnight Library revealed to Nora that even if you make very different choices, you may uncover a deeper appreciation for your current home and the people in your life . It is your perspective that matters.
I really loved the fantasy and magical realism in this novel and I would love for this to be turned into a series where we get to explore The Midnight Library of other characters’ lives as well.
8.What can we know about the author of the text
A. He should be an editor. B. He is the friend of Matt Haig.
C.Magical realism books are his favorite. D. He shares a similar experience with Nora.
9.What does The Midnight Library mainly discuss
A. A magic library B. The harm of regret. C. The exploration of life. D. Ways to make correct choices.
10.Where can the text be found
A. In a novel. B. In a magazine. C. In a history book. D. In a biography
11.What is the purpose of the text
A. To thank readers who introduced the book.
B. To honour Matt Haig the author of the book.
C. To share the author’s opinions on the book.
D. To publicize the book to people who are struggling
A new study, published this week in the journal Frontiers in Veterinary Science, reveals that non-human animals’ tears are not so different from our own. The chemical similarities are so great, in fact, that the composition of other species’ tears--- and how they're adapted to their environments ----may provide insights into better treatments for human eye disease.
12.What might be the best title for the text
A.Tears，a Barrier to Eyes
B.A Better Treatment for Eye Disease
C.Non-human Tears Promise New Cure
D.Other Species’ Tears Are Similar to Humans
7. At a time when face masks have become a way of life, LG is the latest organization to release new technology that makes breathing easier.The PuriCare Wearable Air Purifier aims to give users an increased sense of security thanks to two H13 HEPA filters(过滤器)， double fans, and a respiratory sensor(呼吸传感器).
13.What is the best title for the text
A.A Face Mask Makes Breathing Easier B.A Special Face Mask Against COVID-19
C.LG's Hi-Tech Application in Daily Life D.LG Is Releasing a Hi-Tech Face Mask
8.Teenage life is quite dramatic but that doesn't mean you can't enjoy life in these years .Even with your daily troubles ,the life is not very hard if you know how to deal with them .
14.What does the writer mainly want to tell us in the paragraph
Teenage life is tough . B. Teenagers can' t enjoy life .
C.Teenage life is changeable D.Teenagers should learn more .
9.Some 5,000 wetland -dependent animal species could die out because of such losses. Wetland loss can also affect human beings. Wetlands act as natural storage areas for water. Losing those areas could lead to more severe flooding in many parts of the world. And the act of removing water from wetlands can release huge amounts of carbon dioxide, a major contributor to climate change.
15.What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A.Various functions of wetlands. B.Serious consequences of wetland loss.
C.Wetlands’ key role in climate change. D.Wetlands’ importance to living things.
