河南（鲁山县）2016高考英语二轮阅读理解自练（二）及参考答案
【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Beijing Oper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )a is also called Peking Opera. It came into being after 1790 when the famous four Anhui opera troupe(戏班) came to Beijing. Its music and singing came from Xipi and Er-huang in Anhui and Hubei. Its costtumes are all fascinating and artistic. It is the highest expression of the Chinese culture. It’s full of famous stories, beautiful facial paintings, and wonderful gestures and fighting. This kind of opera is very popular with Chinese people.
There are four main roles in Beijing Opera: Sheng ,Dan, Jing and Chou. Sheng is the leading male actor。For example, a Wusheng is a soldier or fighter .A Xiaosheng is a young man. A Laosheng is the comedy actor or clown. Dan is the female role. Jing，mostly male , is the face-painted role and Chou is the comedy actor or clown.
Stories in Beijing Opera are very interesting. Some of them are from the history book, but most of them are from the literature, especially famous novels. The people in the story usually have some disagreements. They become angry and unhappy. They are sad and lonely. Sometimes they are nervous and worried. Then they find a way to make peace. The stories usually end with happiness and laughter and people are all happy in the end.
1．Beijing Opera’s singing is from _______.
A. the literature and novels B. Beijing and Anhui
C. the history book D. Anhui and hubei
2．The second paragraph (段落) of the reading is about the ______of Beijing Opera.
A. roles B. stories C. gestures D. Paintings
3．From the reading, we know the Chou most probably has a(n) _____feature.
A. honest B. dull C. funny D. serious
4．Which of the following statements is TURE
A. There are only four roles in Beijing Opera.
B. Peking Opera is full of different gestures.
C. Beijing Opera is the most popular in the world.
D. The people in the story usually are in agreement.
参考答案1—4、DACB
2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类
A man may us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ually be known by the books he reads as well as by the company he keeps; for there is a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.
A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does not turn its back upon us in times of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness; amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.
Men often discover their affinity (密切关系) to each other by the mutual love they have for a book just as two persons sometimes discover a friend by the admiration which both entertain for a third. There is an old proverb, “Love me, love my dog.” But there is more wisdom in this: “Love me, love my book.” The book is a truer and higher bond of union. Men can think, feel, and sympathize with each other through their favorite author. They live in him together, and he in them.
A good book is often the best urn(瓮) of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world ofa man’s life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts, which, if remembered and cherished, become our constant companions andcomforters.
Books possess an essence of immortality. They are by far the most lasting products of human effort.
Temples and statues decay, but books survive. Time is of no account with great thoughts, which are as fresh today as when they first passed through their author’s minds, ages ago. What was then said and thought still speaks to us as vividly as ever from the printed page. The only effects of time have been to filter out the bad products; for nothing in literature can long survive but what is really good.
【小题1】A good book may be among the best of friends because_____.
A．it changes over the past of time
B．it contains all kinds of knowledge
C．it doesn’t betray us when we are in trouble
D．it comforts us in youth and instructs us in age
【小题2】“Love me, love my book” in paragraph 3 probably means _______
A．If you love me, you must reading books.
B．The book can be a bond between friends.
C．I love books as much I love friends.
D．If you love the author, you will love his books.
【小题3】Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Time can tell whether a literature is good or bad.
B．All books are our constant companions and comforters.
C．Temples, statues and books cannot stand the test of time.
D．The world of a man’s thoughts is what his life is all about.
【小题4】The best title for this passage can be.
A．Reading Books
B．A Good Book
C．Our Best Friend
D．Companionship of Books
2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类
I may not be the wise ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )st person on this planet．but I will tell you a little secret to happiness：Help other，，and live life．It is that simple．Just help a friend study for a test，or volunteer at a nursing home ．I learned this after a long，hard search．
I was feeling really down because my long4ime friend had died．Then I started a six-week volunteering at a nursing home all day every Saturday．My routine was to serve the meal and clean up．After that，I would wait for the head nurse to tell me what to do．
One day I was told to go to Room 117 to make sure the patient was all right．In the room I found a boy of eight sitting in his bed watching a movie．I was shocked to see a child in this seemingly forgotten nursing home for the old．He was so small and weak that you had to look closely to find him．He motioned for me to sit down．I grabbed his medical chart from which later I found out he had a terminal illness．
We started to talk，and I found out that his family rarely visited，and all he did ever7 day was watch TV．I wanted to cry for him，and for my lost friend．As we talked，he had a smile on his face，and I asked him why．
"The entire two hours I've been here you've never lost that smile．With this horrible disease，how do you still manage to stay happy？"
He thought for a moment，and then said that too many people are dead even before they die．
They walk around feeling that God has cursed (诅咒) them and that they have nothing to live for．
The boy said that he would not be like that．He wakes every morning thankful to see another sunrise．He keeps his window open so that he can smell the flowers and feel the heat of the sun．He also said that he has hope．
"Too many people haven't seen much of that around here，" he said，" Life is full of hope and we need to live life before it is gone．"
I don’t know what happened to him．I assume he passed away，but his lesson lives on．I now wake up and live each day to the fullest．The key to life is not money or fame，but the lessons we learn from it．
【小题1】The nursing home in the passage is mainly for_______
A．the elderly B．the homeless
C．the disabled D．the abandoned
【小题2】The boy stayed happy mainly due to_______．
A．wonderful TV programs
B．his positive attitude
C．good medical condition
D．others' encouragement
【小题3】The writer parti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cipated in the volunteering job in order to_______．
A．find out the secret
B．search for help
C．enrich experiences
D．get out of sadness
【小题4】What would be the best title for the passage？
A．A Lesson in Hope
B．The Life of a Sick Boy
C．A Voluntary Job
D．The Meaning of Life
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
People being tested for radiation exposure
The crisis at th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station in northern Japan has raised worries about radiation risks. We spoke Tuesday with Jonathan Links, an expert in radiation health sciences. He is a professor at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health in Maryland.
Professor Links says ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )workers within the nuclear plant are the only people at risk of extremely high doses of radiation.
JONATHAN LINKS: "Of course, we don't know what doses they've received, but the only persons at risk of acute radiation effects are the workers."
For other people, h ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e says, there may be a long-term worry. People can get cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident.
Professor Links says ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )scientists can use computers to quickly model where radioactive material has blown and settled. Then they measure how large an area is contaminated. He says if the situation is serious enough, officials could take steps like telling people not to eat locally grown food or drink the water.
JONATHAN LINKS: ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) "But that would only be the case if there was a significant release and, because of wind direction, the radioactive material was blown over the area, and then settled out of the air into and onto water, plants, fruits and vegetables."
The reactors at ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Fukushima are on the Pacific coast. But Professor Links says people should not worry about any radioactive material leaking into the ocean.
JONATHAN LINKS: "Even ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )in a worst-case scenario accident, the sea provides a very high degree of dilution. So the concentration of radioactivity in the seawater would still be quite low."
Japan is the only ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it. That memory from World War Two would create a stronger "psychological sensitivity" to radiation exposure, Professors Links says.
Next month is the twen ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ty-fifth anniversary of the explosion and fire that destroyed a reactor at Chernobyl in Ukraine. The nineteen eighty-six event was the world's worst accident in the nuclear power industry.
A new United Nations r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eport says more than six thousand cases of thyroid cancer have been found. These are in people who were children in affected areas of Belarus, Russia and Ukraine. The report says that by two thousand five the cancers had resulted in fifteen deaths.
The cancers were lar ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )gely caused by drinking contaminated milk. The milk came from cows that ate grass where radioactive material had fallen.
To get the latest updates, go to www..
Contributing: James Brooke
1. The passage mainly tells us __________.
A. What measures the J ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )apan Government takes to solve the nuclear crisis .
B. Worries and influences caused by the nuclear crisis .
C. With great efforts ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of scientists , the Japan Government has put the nuclear crisis under control .
D. To explain ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) that the nuclear crisis has less effect on its neighboring countries.
2. Which of the follow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing is NOT the influences caused by the leak of Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Power Station
A. Workers at the nuclear station are suffering the risk of death .
B. People can get ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cancer from low doses of ionizing radiation, the kind released in a nuclear accident.
C. The radioactive mat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )erial may be blown over the area causing the pollution to water .
D. The concentration o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f radioactivity in the seawater can not be diluted.
3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “dilution”
A. chemical B. salt C. dissolution D. elimination
4. According to the passage which of the following is not TRUE
A. Water people drink ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) ,food and vegetables people eat may be polluted by nuclear radiation .
B. Japan is the only country to have had atomic bombs dropped on it.
C. You can go to www.. to get the latest news .
D. The nuclear a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ccident in Japan is the worst in the nuclear power industry.
【参考答案】1—4、BDCD
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Gadgets(潮流装备)mak ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e study funNow in a world piled high with smart phones, tablets (平板电脑)and e-readers, technology has entered the classroom in ways unimaginable. Taking classes can be fun too. All you have to do is swipe your fingers on your phone screen and download some apps (应用程序),which can make your study more fun and efficient .Balancing study and play in a college setting has never been easy and with the following few apps, it’ll be tough to tell the two apart．
Ever note Use: note ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-taking ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Can be used on: iPhone/iPad/iPod touch, Android, BlackBerry, Palm OS and Windows,Phone 7 price :free If you take notes to stay organized，then Evernote is for you. The main thing about Evernote is that all of your notes are automatically sent into the cloud-and then you can access them from any web-connected computer via the Evernote app or a web browser(浏览器). Evernote also supports audio and photo notes-rather handy if you want to record your lecture or take photos of any projected notes. But, of course, ask for permission first.
Wikipanion Us ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e: research database Can be used on: iPhone/iPad/iPodtouch Price :free (Wikipanion Plus for$4.99,or 31.87yuan ) Now you don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. You can get access to the research databases just onyour smart phone or tabler.
Conquering Bilingual ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) News Listening in 7Days Use: English learning application Can be used on:iPhone/iPad/iPodtouch Price: For a limited ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) time you can get the App for only $0.99—half price. Still learning English with a workbook If so, you are behind the times．Ger 21st Century Newspaper’s new iPhone App, “Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7 Days”. When you download the App on your iPhone, you can listen to the hottest bilingual news selected from the newspaper’s official website (w.w.w.) and read by native speakers, “Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7 Days” has ranked No. I on the Chinese education App list. For a limited time you can get the App for only $0.99—half price.
59.The purpose of this passage is to___________________．
A. make your study more fun and efficient
B. introduce some apps used on gadgets
C advertise high-tech teaching ways
D. develop new application programs
【答案】B
【解析】写作意图题。根据短文的内容可知这是介绍了一些应用程序，故选B。
60.Which app can save you from the research work in the library
A. Evernote B. Wikipanion
C. Conquering Bilingual News Listening in 7Day D. Smartphone
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据Now yo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )u don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. 现在，你不必再为了写论文，而前往图书馆或者任何一个提供上网服务的地方去做研究功课了。Wikipanion维基百科阅读伴侣可以做到，故选B。
61.According to the passage, we can know that________．
A. the three apps all support audio and photo forms．
B. college study is undoubtedly full of ease and fun
C. college students u ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sed to do research workin the library or via computers
D. students can recor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d lectures and send them to the cloud without permission
【答案】C
【解析】推理判断题。根据Now you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don’t necessarily have to go to a library or anywhere with computer services to do research work for your paper anymore. You can get access to the research databases just onyour smart phone or tabler. 现在，你不必再为了写论文，而前往图书馆或者任何一个提供上网服务的地方去做研究功课了。你可以直接在自己的智能手机或平板电脑进入（学术研究）的数据库。可知过去的时候大学生搞研究必须在图书馆或者电脑旁，故选C。
62.Which of the following is true about the apps
A. They can only be used on smart phones.
B. Evermote and Wikipanion Plus are free.
C. Evermote can merely be used on a computer.
D. They improve learning efficiency and pleasure.
【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。根据whi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ch can make your study more fun and efficient .这些应用程序的使用能够提高学习效率并且很有乐趣，故选D。河南（鲁山县）2016高考英语二轮阅读理解自练题及答案
【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
You Are What You Eat
Genetic（基因的）engin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eering is the scientific change of the genetic material in a living organism． It allows scientists to identify specific genes, to remove them from an organism's chromosomes （染色体）, improve them, analyze them, and possibly clone them, and to then reinsert the changed gene into the original organism, or a completely different organism．Unlike traditional breeding （繁殖）, where a desired quality would be bred within the same species, genetic engineering can insert desired ones into organisms of different species．Wow--Did you catch that
Genetic engineering ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) creates many positive contributions to agriculture． For example, by genetically engineered（GE） foods, anti-cancer agents, minerals and vitamins can be increased．Improved taste, shelf life, and better transport are all possible．Also, GE plants can increase pest and bacterial resistance, therefore, making the food safe for consumers．
But some argue t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat the possible negative effects outweigh the positives, and critics are starting to voice their concerns． Unlike Europe, in the United States labeling is not required on genetically engineered foods or on foods that contain genetically engineered products． Most Americans do not realize that they are, in fact, eating GE foods．
The public is al ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )so concerned about the unknown health risks．With limited understanding of genes, scientists cannot predict possible effects．Because most genes introduced into GE plants come from sources not introduced into the human body, it is impossible to know if they will cause reactions． Moreover, due to the lack of labeling if allergies develop, it will be extremely difficult to find the origin of them．
There is also ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a major moral question in many minds．For many, the conflict is not if it is safe or not, but it disturbs them because it is unnatural and unnecessary．We are currently producing one and a half times the amount of food needed to feed the world, yet one in seven people are starving．GE food is unnecessary, and fails to address the root of hunger． Many believe that the only people who will benefit are the corporations that produce it．
Scientists cann ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ot foresee the possible effects of GE foods, yet we eat them every day without even knowing it．We already have enough food, so why create more that could be potentially harmful to us, to the Earth and to all wildlife I think that the benefits are amazing, but until we know for sure how these foods will affect us, they are not worth the risk．
1、According to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) passage, traditional breeding is different from genetic engineering
because _____.
A．traditional breeding changes the genes in the same species
B．traditional breeding changes the genes in different species
C．traditional breeding takes place within the same species
D．traditional breeding is more scientific
2．"The lack of labeling" in Paragraph 4 indicates ______.
A．information concerning gene sources is unavailable to customers
B．it is currently possible to find the origins of some allergies
C．scientists try to hide potential dangers from customers
D．the US government is responsible for GE food
3．According to Paragraph 5, GE food is unnecessary because______.
A．it won't help solve the problem of hunger in the world
B．there are potential dangers in producing GE food
C．we're now producing more food than before
D．customers will benefit from GE food
4．What is the author's attitude towards genetic engineering
A．Welcoming． B．Disapproving． C．Unconcerned． D．Optimistic．
参考答案1—4、CAAB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Tail Spin
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
Two dolphins race ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )around in a big pool in the Ocean Park. The smaller dolphin, Grace, shows off a few of her tricks, turning around and waving hello to the crowd. The most amazing thing about her, however, is that she's even swimming at all. She doesn't have a tail.
Grace lost her ta ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )il as a baby when she got caught up in a fish trap.When the dolphin arrived at the Ocean Park in December 2005, she was fighting for her life. “Is she going to make it？” Her trainer, Abbey Stone, feared the worst. Grace did make it—but her tail didn't. She ended up losing her flukes and the lower part of her peduncle.
Over the past six ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )years, she has learned to swim without her tail. Dolphins swim by moving their flukes and peduncle up and down. Grace taught herself to move another way—like a fish! She pushes herself forward through the water by moving her peduncle from side to side.
The movements put ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) harmful pressure on Grace's backbone. So a company offered to create a man－made tail for her. The tail had to be strong enough to stay on Grace as she swam but soft enough that it wouldn't hurt her.
The first ti ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me Grace wore the artificial tail, she soon shook it off and let it sink to the bottom of the pool. Now, she is still learning to use the tail. Some days she wears it for an hour at a time, others not at all. “The new tail isn't necessary for her to feel comfortable，” says Stone, “but it helps to keep that range of motion(动作) and build muscles(肌肉)．”
Now, the dolp ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hin is about to get an even happier ending. This month, Grace will star in Dolphin Tale, a film that focuses on her rescue and recovery. Her progress has inspired more than just a new movie. Many people travel from near and far to meet her. Seeing Grace swim with her man－made tail gives people so much courage.
60．When Grace fi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rst arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her ________.
A. physical build
B. potential ability
C. chance of survival
D. adaptation to the surroundings
61．A man－made tail is created for Grace to ________．
A. let her recover faster
B. make her comfortable
C. adjust her way of swimming
D. help her perform better tricks
62．The story of Grace inspires people to ________．
A. stick to their dreams
B. treat animals friendly
C. treasure what they have
D. face difficulties bravely
【要点综述】 这是一篇关于海豚的故 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )事，讲述的是一只断尾的海豚。它的尾巴在一次事故中丧失。在训导员的训练下，它克服了困难，学会了使用假尾巴，像其他海豚一样在水中遨游。它还成了一部电影中的明星，它的勇气感动了人们。
60．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“fighting for her life”可知，它在为活下去而挣扎，所以选C。
61．C 细节理解题。根据第三段末和第四段，可知它改变的游动方式给它带来了有害的压力，所以一家公司才给它装了条假尾巴。故选C。
62．D 推理判断题。本文的目的就是通过描写一个断了尾巴的海豚勇敢地活下去的故事，来鼓励人们勇敢地面对困难。所以选D。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Some years ago, wr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iting in my diary used to be a usual activity.I would return from school and spend the expected half hour recording the day's events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary.I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper.After all, isn't accumulating memories a way of preserving the past
When I was thirte ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well－equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera.During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across.I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels.On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand.The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows.I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )derstood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley.All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only writ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling.I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful.I take pictures, but not very often—only of objects I find really beautiful.I'm no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old.I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don't want ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes.Maybe I won't have as many exact representations of people and places; maybe I'll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me.I don't live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
51．Before the age of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ________．
A．observing her school routine
B．expressing her satisfaction
C．impressing her classmates
D．preserving her history
52．What caused a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) change in the author's understanding of keeping a diary
A．A dull night on the journey.
B．The beauty of the great valley.
C．A striking quotation from a book.
D．Her concerns for future generations.
53．What does the author put in her diary now
A．Notes and beautiful pictures.
B．Special thoughts and feelings.
C．Detailed accounts of daily activities.
D．Descriptions of unforgettable events.
54．The author co ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ________．
A．to experience it
B．to live the present in the future
C．to make memories
D．to give accurate representations of it
【要点综述】 本文是一篇 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )记叙文，主要讲述了作者记日记发生的一些变化。13岁前，作者每天都记日记，记下一天发生的事及自己的感受等。作者很喜欢把自己看到的东西记在纸上。13岁以后， 一次去大峡谷的旅行改变了作者对记日记的看法，从那以后作者只在日记里记载特殊的想法和感受。作者认为要想过有意义的生活，就要亲自去经历。
51．D 细节理解题。根据第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一段最后一句中的“… a way of preserving the past？”可知，作者在13岁以前认为记日记是一种保存过去的方式。 故D正确。
52．B 细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者改变是因为看到了峡谷的美丽景色。故B正确。
53．B 细节理解题。根据第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )四段中的第一句“Now, I … write down a special thought or feeling.”可知，现在作者在日记里只记录特殊的思想和感情。
54．A 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者意识到要想过有意义的生活得自己亲自去经历。故A正确。
【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Parents should ba ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n electronic media during mealtimes and after bedtime as part of a comprehensive “family media use plan”, according to new recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics. “Excessive media use is associated with obesity, poor school performance, aggression and lack of sleep”, said Marjorie Hogan, co-author of the new policy.
Families sho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )uld have a no-device rule during meals and after bedtime, the guidelines say. Parents should also set family rules covering the use of the Internet, cellphones, including, perhaps, which sites can be visited, and who can be called. The policy also restated the existing recommendations: Kids should limit the amount of screen time for entertainment to less than two hours per day; children younger than 2 shouldn’t have any TV or Internet exposure. Also, televisions and Internet-accessible devices should be kept out of kids’ bedrooms.
Doctors ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) say parents need to obey the family rules, too, to model healthy behavior. That, some say, may be the toughest part. “If you go to any restaurant, Family 3.0 is Mom and Dad on their devices and the kids on theirs”, says Donald, a pediatrician(小儿科医师) and an AAP spokesman. “Who is talking to each other ”
Children a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ged from 8 to 18 spent an average of 7 hours and 38 minutes a day consuming media for fun, including TV, music, video games and other content in 2009, according to a 2010 report from the Kaiser Family Foundation. The report was based on a survey of 2002 third through twelfth graders, 702 of whom completed a seven-day media use diary. That was up about an hour and 17 minutes a day from five years earlier. About two-thirds of 8 to 18-year-olds said they had no rules on the amount of time they spent watching TV, playing video games or using the computer, the Kaiser report found.
Use of mobile ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) devices by young kids has soared. A new report from Common Sense Media, a child-advocacy group based in San Francisco, found that 17% of children 8 and younger use mobile devices daily, up from 8% in 2011.
28. Which statement is TRUE according to the first paragraph
A. Parents are advised to ban electronic media after mealtimes.
B. A “Fami ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ly media use plan” is being carried out throughout America.
C. Elect ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ronic media are evil in the eyes of parents and educators.
D. The overuse o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )f electronic media has caused many severe problems.
29. Why should parents themselves obey the family rules
A. It’s beneficia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l to their health. B. It’s essential to parenting their kids.
C. It’s beneficia ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )l to their work. D. It’s essential to develop good relationship with their kids.
30. What can be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )inferred according to the report from the Kaiser Family Foundation
A. The ma ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )jority of the surveyed kids can use electronic devices as they like in their homes.
B. The report was based on the statistics in 2002.
C. 702 of the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) surveyed kids completed a seven-day media use diary.
D. Kids are spending less and less time using media for fun.
31. What can be the best title of the passage
A. Consuming media for fun is a nature of kids
B. No use, no worry
C. Measure ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s should be taken to stop children’s overuse of electronic media
D. Electronic devices threaten the relationship of many families
参考答案28—31、DBAC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
There are many righ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ts to make sure that people will be treated fairly when they are suspected or accused of a crime. Sometimes these rights are called "due process of law". In using these rights, a person should have the help of a lawyer.
You have a right to p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rotect against unreasonable searches and seizures. The police generally may not search you or your home, or take things you own, without a "warrant". A warrant is a paper which states, very exactly , the place to be searched and the things to be taken. Sometimes, however, the police will not need a warrant to search you or your property. If an officer sees you committing a crime, or if he has a good reason to believe you have committed a serious crime, he may arrest you and search you and the area right around you without a warrant.
If you invit ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e a police without a warrant to come into your house and he finds proof of crime, the evidence may be used against you in court. If you do not want an officer to search you or your home and he does not have a warrant, tell him that you do not give him the right to search. However, if the officer will not listen, do not try to stop him. It is dangerous to resist and it may be illegal to do so. Any evidence which a policeman gets during an unlawful search and seizure cannot be used against you.
Police officers must a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ct reasonably and fairly at all times. They should use physical force only when it is needed to arrest someone to enforce a law. They may not use physical violence to "teach someone a lesson".
43. According to the passage, a "warrant" is______.
A. an identification card B. an access card
C. a special license D. an official written order
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
【参考答案】43-46 DACB河南（鲁山县）2016高考英语二轮阅读理解自练题及参考答案
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2016高考训练】
Wild weather, un ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )expected coral reefs and dangerous sea creatures… these are the nightmares (噩梦) you can imagine a teenager on a solo voyage (独自旅行) around the world might suffer from. But for Laura Dekker, sailing around the globe seems less a price to be paid than a prize to be treasured.
As the 19-year-old Du ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tch sailor said in Maidentrip, a documentary（纪录影片） released last year about her experience of becoming the youngest person to sail around the world alone in 2012, “I was born on a boat. I lived my first five years at sea. And ever since, all I have wanted is to return to that life.”
With her yacht(游艇) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Guppy, Dekker began her journey at 14 and sailed 50,004 kilometers in 519 days.
The flying fish k ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eeping her company, the dolphins following in her wake and the warm days spent on deck playing the flute (长笛) as she watched another unforgettable sunset were enough to make others jealous.
But these didn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) always go well. There were terrible moments in which Dekker feared death. On one occasion, a whale almost turned Guppy over. Another time, she battled extreme winds and Guppy surfed down 8-meter-high waves.
Out on the open sea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) alone, she also got used to living without a fridge, a flushing（用水冲洗） toilet, and a hot shower.
“As a human being ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) you don’t need much,” she told Stuff.co.nz. “ They might make life more comfortable, but you really don’t need them to be happy.”
In fact, her outlo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ok on life was shaped by the trip. “I wanted the storms. I wanted the calms. I wanted to feel loneliness,” she told The New York Times. “And now I know all these things. It’s the end of the dream I had as a child, and it’s the beginning of my life as a sailor.”
1. According to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) text, in which year did Dekker begin her journey of 50,004 kilometers at sea
A. In 2012 B. In 2010 C. In 2009 D. In 2011
2. The method the author uses to develop Paragraph 5 is ________.
A. offering analyses B. providing explanations
C. giving examples D. making comparisons
3. Which of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the following can best describe the girl Laura Dekker _________.
A. Modest and optimistic B. Patient and hospitable
C. Brave and generous D. Brave and determined
4. How did Laura Dekker think of her life on the sea
A. It was so dangerous and almost ruined her.
B. It brought her great happiness and much comfort.
C. It is the sailing on the sea that made her well known.
D. Full of danger ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and challenge, it made her experience happiness and better understand life as well.
参考答案1—4、 CCDD
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
(The Most Im ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )portant of All Human Qualities is a Sense of Humor)
Biologically, there is only one quality which distinguishes us from animals: the ability to laugh. In a universe which appears to be utterly devoid of humor, we enjoy this supreme luxury. And it is a luxury, for unlike any other bodily process, laughter does not seem to serve a biologically useful purpose. In a divide world, laughter is a unifying force. Human beings oppose each other on a great many issues. Nations may disagree about systems of government and human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps, but we all share the ability to laugh. And laughter, in turn, depends on that most complex and subtle of all human qualities: a sense of humor Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal. This can best be seen from the world-wide popularity of Charlie Chaplin’s early films. The little man at odds with society never fails to amuse no matter which country we come from. As that great commentator on human affairs, Dr. Samuel Johnson, once remarked, ‘Men have been wise in very different modes; but they have always laughed in the same way.’
A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tingle to an earth quaking roar, but the effect is always the same. Humor helps us to maintain a correct sense of values. It is the one quality which political fanatics appear to lack. If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously. We are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop sided view of things.
This is one of the chief functions of satire and irony. Human pain and suffering are so grim; we hover so often on the brink of war; political realities are usually enough to plunge us into total despair. In such circumstances, cartoons and satirical accounts of somber political events redress the balance. They take the wind out of pompous and arrogant politicians who have lost their sense of proportion. They enable us to see that many of our most profound actions are merely comic or absurd. We laugh when a great satirist like Swift writes about war in Gulliver’s Travels. The Lilliputians and their neighbors attack each other because they can’t agree which end to break an egg. We laugh because we meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too. It is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish.
The sense of humor must be singled out as man’s most important quality because it is associated with laughter. And laughter, in turn, is associated with happiness. Courage, determination, initiative – these are qualities we share with other forms of life. But the sense of humor is uniquely human. If happiness is one of the great goals of life, then it is the sense of humor that provides the key.
1.The most important of all human qualities is
[A] a sense of humor.
A sense of satire.
[C] A sense of laughter.
[D] A sense of history.
2.The author mentions about Charlie Chaplin’s early films because
[A] they can amuse people.
Human beings are different from animals.
[C] They show that certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.
[D] They show that people have the same ability to laugh.
3.One of the chief functions of irony and satire is
[A] to show absurdity of actions.
to redress balance.
[C] to take the wind out of politicians.
[D] to show too much grimness in the world.
4.What do we learn from the sentence ‘it is too powerful a weapon to be allowed to flourish in totalitarian regimes ’
[A] It can reveal the truth of political events with satire.
It can arouse people to riot.
[C] It shows tragedy and comedy are related.
[D] It can make people laugh.
5.Who is Swift
[A] A novelist.
A poet.
[C] A dramatist.
[D] A essayist.
Vocabulary
1.devoid 没有，缺乏
2.plague n.瘟疫，惹人烦恼的人和事v.给……造成麻烦，痛苦，困难
3.faction 派别
4.comic stereotype 可笑/滑稽的模式
5.commentator （集注）作者，评论员，解说员
6.tinkle n.一连串的丁零声，电话声，v.使发出丁零声
7.fanatic 狂热者（尤指宗教、政治的狂热）
8.lop-sided 不均匀的
9.hover 翱翔，盘旋；彷徨
10.somber 低沉的，暗淡的，严峻的
11.redress 纠正，补偿
12.pompous 自大的，浮夸的
13.arrogant 傲慢的
14.proportion 均衡，匀称，平衡，比例
15.Lilliputian 微型的，极小的，源自《格列佛游记》中的小人国里的人
16.totalitarian 极权主义的
17.regime 政体，政权，统治方式或制度
难句译注
1． In a divided world, laughter is a unifying force.
【参考译文】在分裂的世界中，笑是一种促成一致（团结）的力量。
2． Human relations may be plagued by ideological factions and political camps,
【参考译文】人际关系可能因思想意识派别和政治阵营的不同而受侵扰。
3． Certain comic stereotypes have a universal appeal.
【参考译文】某些滑稽的模式具有全球性的效果。
4． Charlie Chaplin查理 卓别林1889-1977，英国讽刺滑稽剧及电影演员，导演及制片人。
5． At odds with society和社会格格不入。
6． Dr. Samuel Johnson撒缪尔 约翰生，1709-1784，英国辞典编撰者及作家。
7． A sense of humor may take various forms and laughter may be anything from a refined tinkle to an earth quaking roar.
【参考译文】幽默感表现的方式多种多样，笑也许是银铃般优雅轻笑，也许是震耳欲聋的放声大笑。
8． If we can see the funny side, we never make the mistake of taking ourselves too seriously.
【参考译文】如果我们能见到可笑的一面，我们就不会犯这种错误：对自己看得过重（自以为了不起）。
9． We are always reminded that tragedy is not really far removed from comedy, so we never get a lop-sided view of things.
【参考译文】我们会经常提醒自己祸兮福所伏（悲剧离喜剧实际并不遥远），那我们决不会偏执一词地看事物。
10． Take the wind out of sb’s sails使某人气馁或泄气。
11． Swift Jonathan swift乔纳森 思维福特1667-1745，英国作家，生于都柏林，曾获牛津大学硕士，三一学院神学博士学位，1688年到英国，后加入英国国教会。他同情英国统治下的爱尔兰人民，积极参加他们为争取自由和民族独立的斗争。他以政治讽刺文著世，其文笔犀利、讽刺尖锐、文章推理严密，用词简洁、语言朴实清晰，被认为是英语的典范，《格列佛游记》是他的代表作之一。
12． We laugh because we are meant to laugh; but we are meant to weep too.
【结构简析】mean to do是打算或注定要…，一般用于被动。
【参考译文】我们笑是因为想笑，可是我们也想哭。是指小人国和邻国仅仅为打鸡蛋一类小事而打仗可笑，确实也是可悲。作者结合现实指出是人类悲剧之所在。
写作方法与文章大意 文章以部部深入，一般到具体的写作手法论及笑是人类特有的功能。
形式多种、效果一样。天下人有各种观点、制度、人际关系，对滑稽的东西都会报之以笑――一种一致的力量。
笑基于幽默感，有了它，人们会乐观、愉快、轻松，不偏不倚地对待一切，悲剧中寓以喜剧，幽默感又是人类开启幸福之门的钥匙。
论及的同时作者佐以例子，卓别林的早期电影，《格列佛游记》中的小人国战争等。
答案详解
1. A 幽默感。文章一开始就提出人类有别于动物是人有笑的功能，世界纷争繁杂、人际关系因意识观点差异而对峙，国家制度不一，但人们都能笑。笑基于人类最复杂而又微妙的品质――幽默感。反过来说没有幽默感的人恐怕难以笑。第二段正式指出：幽默感表现形式多种多样，而笑可由微笑到狂笑种种，但其效果相同，幽默感有助于我们保持正确的价值观。这是政治狂热者所缺乏的特征。如果我们能看见滑稽可笑的一面，我们就不会犯过于看重自己的错误。我们总会记得悲剧离喜剧不愿，因此，我们不会有偏重某一测的观点。第四段画龙点睛的指出幽默是人类最重要的特征，因为它和笑声结合在一起。而笑又是和幸福联系在一起。勇气、决心、创造力特征，我们和其他生命形式共享，而幽默感是人类所独有的。如果幸福是我们生活的伟大目标，那幽默感就是开启幸福的钥匙。
B.讽刺感。这是第三段讲的内容，讽刺的功能，但不是人类最重要的特征。C.笑感。D.历史观点。
2. C 作者提卓别林的电影的目的是证明某些喜剧模式对全世界都有吸引力。
A.它可以取悦任何人。B.人类和动物不同。D.证明人有同样笑的功能。
3. B使各种事情重新相等和均衡。第三段着重讲了这一点。人类在痛苦中挣扎，常处于战争的边缘。政治实现令人绝望，在这种处境中，对某些政治事物的讽刺挖苦和漫画可以使各种心理重新平衡，可使失去均衡感的政客地下高傲头颅；可使我看见许多深邃的事情荒谬可笑。
A.表现行为的荒唐。C.使政治家气馁。D.表现世界上太多的令人沮丧之事。
4. A它可以以讽刺的手法解释政治时间的真相。
B.这可促使人民暴动。C.它表示了悲剧和喜剧相联系。D.它能使人哭。
5. A小说家。
B.诗人。C.戏剧家。D.散文家。
【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Camp Jano India
Celebrate Indian ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )culture, languages, arts, festivals and literature. Weekly themes are brought to life through related arts, games, projects, stories and theatre in a very unique, exciting, creative, interactive (互动的) and structured style. A very unique and memorable (难忘的) experience that kids will want to repeat! Mornings are spent with the Hindi language at the child’s level. Afternoons provide the cultural elements taught in an interactive style with special emphasis (重点) on drama.
Bay Language Academy
We invite camper ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s (4-12 years old) to travel and open up doors to explore past and recent civilizations through daily field trips. Cultures will be shown through customs and cooking. Lectures (6/10-8/30) will introduce/reinforce French, Spanish or Chinese and the cultures they convey. Our language summer-camp is infused (灌输) with cultural activities and taught by a team of bilingual (通晓双语的) instructors.
Petits Confettis
Want your 3- to 5 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )-year-old kids to experience a French camp Come and join us for 6 weeks of French camps!
Kids will be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )totally happy to learn French and French culture while they take part in team projects like building a tipi or making French bread. Weekly themes include cooking, arts, drama, outdoor activities, board games, music, yoga, rhymes and story time.
Chinese Immersion Summer Camp
This is our 11t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h Chinese language and culture summer camp. We take children from 6th grade. This year we continue the weekly fun themes like art, science, cooking and sports in the morning. In the afternoon, we have abacus, reading and Chinese culture lessons taught in Chinese. Our teachers are all native speakers with a lot of experience. Our weekly field trips go to different places like SF zoo, tech museums, fire stations etc.
8. Camp Jano India can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) give children a memorable experience probably because ______.
A. it has quite experienced teachers
B. it teaches Indian languages at different levels
C. the activities are arranged for the whole day
D. the activities are carried on in an interesting style
9. Bay Language Ac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ademy and Chinese Immersion Summer Camp are similar in that ______.
A. they bot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h provide field trips B. they both have bilingual teachers
C. they both provide sports programs in the morning
D. they are both intended for kids of 4-12 years old
10. A girl who likes yoga will go to ______.
A. Camp Jano India B. Bay Language Academy
C. Petits Confettis D. Chinese Immersion Summer Camp
11. What is the common theme of the four camps
A. Fun and sports. B. Travel and adventure.
C. Language and culture. D. Art and music.
【参考答案】8—11、DACC河南（鲁山县）2016高考英语二轮阅读理解自练（一）及参考答案
【2016高考训练】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Fear may be f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )elt in the heart as well as in the head，according to a study that has found a link between the cycles of a beating heart and the chance of someone feeling fear.
Tests on healthy volunteers found that they were more likely to feel a sense of fear at the moment when their hearts are contracting(收缩)and pumping blood around their bodies，compared with the point when the heartbeat is relaxed. Scientists say the results suggest that the heart is able to influence how the brain responds to a fearful event，depending on which point it is at in its regular cycle of contraction and relaxation.
Sarah Garfinkel at the Brighton and Sussex Medical School said：“Our study shows for the first time that the way in which we deal with fear is different depending on when we see fearful pictures in relation to our heart.”
The study tested 20 healthy volunteers on their reactions to fear as they were shown pictures of fearful faces. Dr Garfinkel said，“The study showed that fearful faces are better noticed when the heart is pumping than when it is relaxed. Thus our hearts can also affect what we see and what we don't see—and guide whether we see fear.”
To further understand this relationship，the scientists also used a brain scanner to show how the brain influences the way the heart changes a person's feeling of fear.
“We have found an important mechanism by which the heart and brain ‘speak’ to each other to change our feelings and reduce fear，” Dr Garfinkel said.
“We hope that by increasing our understanding about how fear is dealt with and ways that it could be reduced, we may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders，and also for those who may be suffering from serious stress disorder.”
1．What is the finding of the study
A. One's fast heartbeats are likely to cause fear.
B. Fear is a result of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one's relaxed heartbeat.
C. Fear has something to do with one's health.
D. One's heart affects how he feels fear.
2．The study was carried out by analyzing ________.
A. volunteers' reac ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tions to horrible pictures and data from their brain scans
B. the time volunteer ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s saw fearful pictures and their health conditions
C. volunteers' heartbeats when they saw terrible pictures
D. different pictures shown to volunteers and their heart－brain communication
3．Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “mechanism” in Paragraph 6
A. Order. B. Machine.
C. System. D. Treatment.
4．This study may contribute to ________．
A. explaining the cycle of fear and anxiety
B. treating anxiety and stress better
C. finding the key to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the heart－brain communication
D. understanding different fears in our hearts and heads
参考答案1—4、DACB
2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类
At times my mom has ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) been uncomfortable seeing these qualities in me. For example，when I was 12，I went to Puerto Rico all by myself to stay with my grandmother for the summer. My mom was extremely nervous about it. She kept telling me how things were different in Puerto Rico，to always put on sunscreen，not to wander away from my grandmother，and other warnings. She helped me pack and did not leave the airport until she saw my plane take off.
But despite her worries，she let me go on my own. As I moved into my teens，she continued to give me space to grow and learn，even when it might have been difficult for her. When I reached my senior year，I decided to move away for college. Once again I found that I differed from my peers：While many of them wanted to stay close to home，I couldn’t wait to be out in the world on my own. While my mom may not have been happy at the thought of my going away，she was supportive and excited for me.
One big thing I realized during my senior year，as my mom granted me more freedom，was that she actually believes in me and trusts me. That means a lot. Most of my life，and especially when I was little，the main person I tried to impress in my schoolwork or other things was my mother. I knew she expected nothing but the best from me. Sometimes it was hard to live up to her standards；getting a single B on my report card would make me feel bad because I knew she wanted me to have all A’s.
I know that her high standards have helped me stay focused on what’s important，like education，and made me who I am. I am thankful for her support and involvement in my life .Most of all I respect her. She is the strongest woman I know and that’s why I have turned out so strong and independent.
【小题1】When the author decided to go to Puerto Rico，his mother________.
A．wanted to go with him
B．worried about his safety
C．didn’t allow him to do so
D．asked his grandmother for advice
【小题2】The author decided to move away for college to________.
A．be different from his peers
B．keep away from his mother
C．be independent in the outside world
D．make his mother unhappy
【小题3】We can ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )learn from the third paragraph that the author’s mother________.
A．had a high expectation of him
B．was too strict with him
C．used to expect nothing from him
D．cared little about his learning
【小题4】In the passage，the author mainly wants to tell us________.
A．his long way to becoming independent
B．his good relationship with his mother
C．the importance of a mother’s trust and support
D．his mother’s deep love for him
1、
2016高考英语阅读理解--人生百味类
Have you ever notic ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed that the more you have the more you want Let’s face it．Thinking our life is good enough doesn’t come naturally to many people．When we have high expectations of everything in life we will run into disappointment．Only when we are aware that needs are different from desires can we live with satisfaction．Here are a few ideas to help you be happier with what you have and who you are．
Focus on what you are thankful for．Most people want things to be better than they are, or when things are going well, we forget to appreciate what we have．Learn to reflect on how much better things are than they could be．Focus on what you are thankful for．Write down 5 things you are grateful for right now．
When we hold onto regrets from decisions we have made, it can really poison our well-being．Many people regret something they can no longer change, which ends up holding them back from moving forward in a more positive manner．What happened in the past is done and gone, so work to stay present and be mindful of the current moment to find more joy and fulfillment．
When we use other people as the measuring stick for our personal success and quality of life we are likely to be less satisfied．Social comparisons can provide useful information when we try to learn from others, but they also hold our perspective in a discontented position．Compare yourself less with others so you can be satisfied more．
When you are focused on your big ambitions and future goals you might elide the daily pleasures that surround you．Learn to slow down and absorb the wonder and beauty around you．Stay present and focus on the task you’re undertaking at the moment．Don’t let the life pass you by because you’re always on the go and distracted by ambition．
Practice looking at life through the lens of contentment and it will become more natural．
【小题1】How can we live with contentment
A．To change our lifestyle．
B．To have a motivation in life．
C．To give less attention to what we are grateful for．
D．To realize the difference between needs and desires．
【小题2】What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．Make wise decisions
B．Know the present situation
C．Let go of regrets
D．Remember the past
【小题3】The under ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lined word “elide”(in Paragraph 5) probably means “______”．
A．enjoy B．change C．create D．neglect
【小题4】What should you do to put yourself in a good mood
A．Make time for simple pleasures．
B．Learn from successful people．
C．Focus on your future goals．
D．Create chance to learn more．
2、
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
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1. What are these ads for
A. Food you can order for delivery. B. Places to go on vacation.
C. Special offers at a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) shopping center. D. Things on sale in a big store.
2. Which of the following is true according to the ads
A. Spending $50 means 3 hours of free parking.
B. One person can buy 5 tickets for the price of three.
C. After buying two CDs, you can get another two CDs for free.
D. At Mike’s Café, people can get a free drink after spending $6.
3. Which of the following is NOT mentioned at this mall
A. Clothes store. B. Music store. C. Restaurant. D. Toy store.
4. We can know from this passage ________.
A. there is more than one theater in the center.
B. if you buy a book there, you may pay less than half the price.
C. you may get a free ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) one if you buy a shirt, or a tie, or a pair of shoes.
D. you won’t get a fr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ee soft drink unless you spend more than 10 dollars on the meal.
【参考答案】1—4、CDDA
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Dutch treat is a l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ate-nineteenth-century term, and it originally refers to a dinner where everyone is expected to pay for his own share of the food and drink. If people go “Dutch treat”, or simply “go Dutch”, it means that they will share the expenses of a social engagement.
There are many oth ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er “Dutch” expressions in English, many of which were invented in Britain in the seventeenth century, when the Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. The British used “Dutch” to refer to something bad, cheap and shameful. A “Dutch bargain” at that time was an uneven, one-sided deal; “Dutch reckoning” was an unitemized account; and “Dutch widow” was slang for prostitute. Later centuries brought in “Dutch courage”, for bravery induced by drink; “Dutch concert”, for discordant music; “Dutch nightingale”, meaning a frog; and “double Dutch”, for incomprehensible language, or unintelligible talk.
Some of the e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpressions are still in use today, but some are not. In fact, in American English, some “Dutch” expressions have nothing to do with the Dutch, but something with the German. It was probably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German), when German immigrants came to America in the 1700s. For instance, “the Pennsylvania Dutch” refers to the German descendants, instead of the Dutch descendants, living in Pennsylvania.
56. Many of the “Du ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tch” expressions were invented with derogatory (贬义) sense, because .
A. The Dutch were underdeveloped people.
B .Britain and Holland were competitors at that time.
C. The Dutch had many bad habits.
D. The British were superior to the Dutch.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据when the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )Dutch and the English were commercial and military rivals. 英国和荷兰进行商业和军事竞争，故选B。
57. With the informat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ion you get from Paragraph 2, make a guess at the meaning of the sentence “You are in Dutch”. It probably means .
A.You are in Holland. B. You are welcome.
C. You are in trouble. D. You are lucky.
【答案】C
【解析】句意猜测题。根据The Bri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tish used “Dutch” to refer to something bad and shameful.因为Dutch指的是不好可耻的事情，所以这句应该理解为“你有麻烦了”，故选C。
58. According to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the passage, some native American “Dutch” expressions were related to the German instead of the Dutch, simply because .
A. People hated the German as much as the Dutch.
B.People made a mistake at the beginning.
C.People made a joke about the German.
D.The German immigrants proclaimed that they were Dutch.
【答案】B
【解析】细节理解题。根据It was p ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )robably because of the similar spelling and pronunciation that people made a mistake in distinguishing between “Dutch” and “Deutsch” (the German word for German),是因为人们在开始时出现了错误，故选B。河南（鲁山县）2016高考英语二轮阅读理解自练及答案
2016高考英语阅读理解集训。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
When I first hea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rd about geocaching（地理寻宝），1 was skeptical. But the more I thought about it, the more it seemed like an interesting idea.I at least wanted to try it once.
Having familiariz ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed myself with how the game works,I set out in search of my first cache. My trip took me through a series of lively hutong（胡同）,past a number of small temples, and right into the courtyard of a quiet youth hotel.I spent several minutes looking around, but couldn't find anything. Just before l was about to give up,I spotted a colorful object in the crack of a wall. Could it be the hidden cache
At that moment ag ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )roup of backpackers amved. According to the game's rules, people who are not in the game must not be allowed to find out about secret caches. So I pretended to make a phone call while waiting for them to leave. When the coast was clear,I grabbed the object. It was the cache! I opened it and pulled out a crumpled（皱的）sheet of paper with several names and celebratory messages written on it.I added my own and replaced the cache in its hiding place, ready for the next geocacher to find.
It may se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )em like a simple game, but the idea that there are caches hidden all around us is exciting. Once you're hooked, it's easy to set yourself the goal of finding every single cache in a neighborhood or even an entire city. The real treasure, however, is not the cache itself, but the places it takes you to.
Hunting for fur ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ther caches has since introduced me to places which I didn't even know existed. Some are peaceful parks, while others are forgotten historical sites.A few caches have even been in places I passed regularly without giving them any thought. Now,Ifeel a much closer connection.
1. What was the author's initial attitude to geocaching
A. He thought it interesting.
B. He wanted to try it at once.
C. He showed little interest in it.
D. He found it unsuitable for him.
2. Where did the author find the cache
A. In a huton ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g. B.In a temple. C.In a well. D.In a hotel.
3. When a group of backpackers were approaching, the author____.
A. pretended ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to be cleaning the yard B.made a call to other geocachers
C. didn't allow th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )em to come in D.tried to keep the cache secret
4. In what way does the author benefit from geocaching
A. He's m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ore familiar with the city. B.He has found much treasure.
C. He has made more friends. D.He has mastered hunting.
参考答案1—4 CDDA
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
(Cryptic Col ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oring)
Cryptic coloring is by far the commonest use of color in the struggle for existence. It is employed for the purpose of attack (aggressive resemblance or anticryptic coloring ) as well as of defense (protective resemblance or procryptic coloring ). The fact that the same method concealment, may be used both for attack and defense has been well explained by T.Belt who suggests as an illustration the rapidity of movement which is also made use of by both pursuer and pursued, which is similarly raised to a maximum in both by the gradual dying out of the slowest through a series of generations. Cryptic coloring is commonly associated with other aids in the struggle for life. Thus well-concealed mammals and birds, when discovered, will generally endeavor to escape by speed and will often attempt to defend themselves actively. On the other hand, small animals which have no means of active defense, such as large, numbers of insects, frequently depend upon concealment alone. Protective resemblance is far commoner among animals than aggressive resemblance, in correspondence with the fact that predaceous forms are as a rule much larger and much less numerous than their prey. In the case of insectivorous Vertebrata and their prey such differences exist in an exaggerated form. Cryptic coloring, whether used for defense of attack, may be either general or special. In general resemblance the animal, in consequence of its coloring, produces the same effect as its environment, but the conditions do not require any special adaptation of shape and outline. General resemblance is especially common among the animal inhabiting some uniformly colored expanse of the earth’s surface, such as an ocean or a desert. In the former, animals of all shapes are frequently protected by their transparent blue color, on the latter, equally diverse forms are defended by their sandy appearance. The effect of a uniform appearance may be produced by a combination of tints in startling contrast. Thus the black and white stripes of the zebra blend together at a little distance, and “their proportion is such as exactly to match the pale tint which arid ground possesses when seen by moonlight.” Special resemblance is far commoner than general and is the form which is usually met with on the diversified surface of the earth, on the shores, and in shallow water, as well as on the floating masses of algae on the surface of the ocean, such as the Sargasso Sea. In these environments the cryptic coloring of animals is usually aided by special modifications of shape, and by the instinct which leads them to assume particular plete stillness and the assumption of a certain attitude play an essential part in general resemblance on land; but in special resemblance the attitude is often highly specialized, and perhaps more important than any other element in the complex method by which concealment is effected. In special resemblance the combination of coloring, shape, and attitude is such as to produce a more or less exact resemblance to some one of the objects in the environment, such as a leaf of twig, a patch of lichen, a flake of bark. In all cases the resemblance is to some object which is of no interest to the enemy or prey respectively. The animal is not hidden from view by becoming indistinguishable from its background as in the case of general resemblance, but it is mistaken for some well-know object.
In seeking the interpretation of these most interesting and elaborate adaptations, attempts have been made along two lines. The first seeks to explain the effect as a result of the direct influence of the environment upon the individual (G.L.L.Buffon), or by the inherited effects of efforts and the use and disuse of parts (J.B.P.Lamarck). The second believes that natural selection produced the result and afterwards maintained it by the survival of the best concealed in each generation. The former suggestion breaks down when the complex nature of numerous special resemblances is appreciated. Thus the arrangement of colors of many kinds into an appropriate pattern requires the cooperation of a suitable shape and the rigidly exact adoption of a certain elaborate attitude. The latter is instinctive and thus depends on the central nervous system. The cryptic effect is due to the exact cooperation of all these factors; and in the present state of science, the only possible hole of an interpretation lies in the theory of natural selection, which can accumulate any and every variation which tends toward survival. A few of the chief types of methods by which concealment is effected may be briefly described. The colors of large numbers of vertebrate animals are darkest on the back and become gradually lighter on the sides, passing into white on the belly. Abbot H. Thayer has suggested that this gradation obliterates the appearance of solidity, which is due to shadow. The color harmony, which is also essential to concealment, is produced because the back is of the same tint as the environment (e. g. earth), bathed in the cold blue-white of the sky, while the belly, being cold blue-white and bathed in shadow and yellow earth reflections produces the same effects. This method of neutralizing shadow for the purpose of concealment by increased lightness of tint was first suggested by E.B.Poulton in the case of a larva and a pupa, but he did not appreciate the great importance of the principle. In an analogous method an animal in front of a background of dark shadow may have part of its body obliterated by the existence of a dark tint, the remainder resembling, e.g., a part of a leaf. This method of rendering invisible any part which would interfere with the resemblance is well know in mimicry.
1. The black and white stripes of the zebra are most useful form
[A]. hunters. . nocturnal predators
[C]. lions and tigers. [C]. insectivorous Vertrbrata
2. Aggressive resemblance occurs when
[A]. a predaceous attitude is assumed.
. special resemblance is utilized.
[C]. an animal relies on speed.
[D]. an animal blends in with its background.
3. Special resemblance differs from general resemblance in that the animal relies on
[A]. its ability to frighten its adversary. . speed.
[C]. its ability to assume an attitude. [D]. mistaken identify
4. The title below that best expresses the ides of this passage is
[A]. Cryptic coloration for Protection. . How Animals Survive.
[C]. The uses of Mimicry in Nature. [D]. Resemblances of Animals.
5. Of the following which is the least common
[A]. protective resemblance. . General resemblance.
[C]. Aggressive resemblance. [D]. Special resemblance.
Vocabulary
1. cryptic 隐藏的，保护的
cryptic coloring 保护色，隐藏色
2. predaceous 食肉的，捕食其他动物的。
3. vertebrate 脊椎动物门
4. tint 色泽，色彩
5. zebra 斑马
6. Sargasso 果本马尾藻
7. twig 嫩枝
8. lichen 地衣
9. flake 一片
10. gradation 等级，层次，分等
11. obliterate 涂抹，擦去，使消失
12. larva 幼虫，幼体
13. pupa 蛹
14. mimicry 模仿，拟态
15. nocturnal 夜间发生的，夜出的
16. insectivorous 食虫的
17. procryptic 有保护色的，保护性的
难句译注
1. …the rapidity of movement which is also made use of by both pursuer and pursued, which is similarly raised to a maximum in both by the gradual dying out of the slowest through a series of generations.
[参考译文] 追捕动物和被追的动物也利用快速的动作。这种快速的运动同样是通过几代更迭，逐渐消除了慢速，而发展到快速顶峰。
2. Protective resemblance is far commoner among animals than aggressive resemblance, in correspondence with the fact that predaceous forms are as a rule much larger and much less numerous than their prey.
[参考译文] 保护性模仿远比侵犯行模仿要普遍得多，这是和下述的情况想配合的：食肉的（形式）动物，按惯律总是比他们捕食的对象要大而且多得多。
3. The effect of a uniform appearance may be produced by a combination of tints in startling contrast.
[参考译文] 在惊人的对比中，色泽的综合可能产生外形一致的效果。
4. …their proportion is such as exactly to match the pale tint which arid ground possesses when seen by moonlight.
[参考译文] （这里指斑马的黑白条）比例正好和在月光下观看贫瘠土地所具有的苍白色泽相吻合。
5. In these environments the cryptic coloring of animals is usually aided by special modifications of shape, and by the instinct which leads them to assume particular attitudes.
[参考译文] 在这些环境中，动物的保护色常常得到特定的形状变化和本能的协作，这种本能会使动物采取特定的姿势。
6. Complete stillness and the assumption of a certain attitude play an essential part in general resemblance on land; but in special resemblance the attitude is often highly specialized…
[参考译文] 绝对静态和采取一般姿势在陆地的一般模仿中起很大作用，而在专门模仿中，姿势常常是高度专门化的。
7. Thus the arrangement of colors of many kinds into an appropriate pattern requires the cooperation of a suitable shape and the rigidly exact adoption of a certain elaborate attitude.
[参考译文] 因此许多类颜色排列成恰当的模式/形式，要求把合适的外形和严格的采用一定的精心设计的姿势相结合。
8. The cryptic effect is due to the exact cooperation of all these factors; and in the present state of science, the only possible hole of an interpretation lies in the theory of natural selection, which can accumulate any and every variation which tends toward survival.
[参考译文] 保护效果是由于所以这些因素确切合作而形成。根据目前科学水平，唯一的解释（此种现象）就是自然选择理论，它可以累积要生存的各种变异/变种。
写作方法与文章大意
文章以一般到具体的协作和分类方式写作，第一段点出生物界生存竞争中最常用的一种颜色是保护色，保护色可分为两类：进犯（进攻）型和防卫型。一般是防御性保护色多于进攻型。而两种类型都可归纳为一般性模仿和专门（特定）模仿。居住（栖息）在单一色泽的地方的动物，如海洋或沙漠，常采用模仿性保护色——如透明的绿色，土色等，而特定摸刚的动物则栖息在多样性的地方，如海岸，浅水，海洋表面等。特定模仿还需要有改变形状姿势之协作，使其看起来像客观环境中的某物，某种身份mistaken identify.
第二段涉及有关模仿性的解释的探索，结果为二。一种观点是环境直接影响的结果。第二种是自然选择的结果。当人们理解了许多特定模仿的复杂特性时，第一种解释就不能成立了。这说明保护效果是一切因素——合适的外形和某种精心设计的姿势等——合作而成。按现在科学水平来解释，只能归之“自然选择”理论，然后是用具体例子来证实。
答案祥解
1. B. 夜间活动的食肉动物。见难句译注4，斑马的黑白相间颜色的比例正好和月光下所见的贫瘠土地的苍白的色泽相吻合。当然能保护斑马夜间免遭这些食肉动物的袭击。
A. 捕获者。 C. 狮子和老虎。 D. 食虫的脊椎动物
2. A. 在装成捕食其他动物的姿势时。
B. 应该专门模仿。 C. 动物依赖速度。 D. 动物和背景混在一起。
3. D. 搞错/认错了动物（身份）（mistaken identify 认错了人之义）。见第一段最后一句话，它不像一般模仿那样，通过动物和背景难以辨别从而从视觉中隐藏起来，它是被误认为某种著名动物。
A. 用以吓走它的对手（敌人）的能力。 B. 速度。 C. 采用某种姿势的能力。
4. C. 自然界模拟的运动。文章一开始就点命保护色迄今为止生存斗争中最常用的一种颜色，常用于进攻和防卫。保护色常和其他措施相配合，首先提到速度，见难句译注1。然后讲到保护色分类，一般（普通）和特殊（专门）模拟/模仿。第二段解释或说明模拟适应性。第一种解释为环境使然/影响。第二种认为是自然界选择之结果。
A. 为了保卫的保护色。 B. 动物是如何存活下来。 D. 动物之模仿性。
5. C. 进攻性（侵犯性）模仿。见难句译注2。
A. 保护色模仿。 B. 一般性模仿。 D. 专项模仿。
【2016模拟题】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
I was driving home ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the other day on a sunny afternoon. I had a smile on my face as I sang along to the songs on the radio. It was a beautiful day that I felt full of happiness. My good mood ended, however, when the radio station took a news break between songs. Then suddenly I found myself listening to yet another story of a rich famous man who had broken the law. I shook my head as I came to a red traffic light.
As I pulled to a st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )op I noticed four leather-jacketed bikers. They were standing in the middle of the road with two on either side of the light. They looked rough and dangerous, but as I got closer I noticed each one was holding their helmet in their hands. I rolled down my window as one approached my car. “We are the Brother’s of the Wheel”, he said. “We are collecting money for a Christmas Toy Drive for needy children.” As I pulled a dollar out of my wallet I looked past his beard and tattoos(纹身) and into his eyes. They shined with a goodness and kindness that came right from his soul. I dropped the money in his helmet and waved to the other bikers as I drove off. My good mood had returned. My faith in mankind had been bolstered. And I had to remember again never to judge people by their appearance.
Our society often ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) judges books by their covers but God reads what is written in our hearts and souls. Perhaps one day we will all learn to see the world through the same eyes. Perhaps one day we will realize that looks matter little and actions matter much.
24. The writer’s good mood ended when _______.
A. he heard news bet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ween songs B. he had to stop at a red traffic light
C. he heard a rich ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) man broke the law D. he saw four leather-jacketed kids in need
25. What are four bikers doing at the traffic light
A. Having a bicycle ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) race in the street B. Selling helmets to the passers-by.
C. Raising mone ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )y to help kids in need D. Preparing for Christmas holidays.
26. What does “bolstered” in the second paragraph probably mean
A. Destroyed. B. Improved. C. Decreased. D. Exploded.
27. The writer to tell us that we should________.
A. have faith in youn ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g people B. judge others by their actions
C. change our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )attitude to society D. manage to help others in need
参考答案24—27、AC BB
