专题03数词 2025年中考英语二轮语法专项复习讲义（含答案解析）

/ 让教学更有效 高效备课 | 英语学科
专题 03 数词
2025 年中考二轮语法专项复习讲义
（一）基数词
定义：用于表示数量多少的词，像 one（一）、two（二）、three（三）等。
1 - 12 的基数词：需特别记忆，分别为 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve。
13 - 19 的基数词：以 “-teen” 结尾，用来表示 “十几”，例如 thirteen（十三）、fourteen（十四）、fifteen（十五）、sixteen（十六）、seventeen（十七）、eighteen（十八）、nineteen（十九）。
20 - 90 的整十基数词：以 “-ty” 结尾，代表 “几十”，比如 twenty（二十）、thirty（三十）、forty（四十）、fifty（五十）、sixty（六十）、seventy（七十）、eighty（八十）、ninety（九十） 。
21 - 99 的基数词：先说 “几十”，接着说 “几”，中间用连字符 “-” 连接，如 twenty - one（二十一）、thirty - two（三十二）等。
百、千、百万、十亿的表达：hundred（百）、thousand（千）、million（百万）、billion（十亿）。当这些词前面有具体数字时，用单数形式，例如 two hundred（两百）；要是表示笼统的数量，则用复数形式 + of，比如 hundreds of（成百上千的）、thousands of（成千上万的）、millions of（数百万的） 。例句：There are five hundred students in our school.（我们学校有五百名学生。）；Millions of people watched the game on TV.（数百万人在电视上观看了这场比赛。）
（二）序数词
定义：用于表示顺序先后的词，例如 first（第一）、second（第二）、third（第三）等。
构成规则：
一般情况下，在基数词后面加 -th，像 four - fourth（第四）、six - sixth（第六）。
特殊变化：one - first，two - second，three - third，five - fifth，eight - eighth，nine - ninth，twelve - twelfth 。
以 “ty” 结尾的整十基数词，要把 “ty” 变为 “tie”，然后再加 -th，比如 twenty - twentieth（第二十）、thirty - thirtieth（第三十） 。
非整十的两位数，只需将个位的基数词变为序数词，例如 twenty - one - twenty - first（第二十一） 。
用法：序数词前面一般要加定冠词 the，例如 The first question is very easy.（第一个问题很简单。）；但当序数词前有物主代词、名词所有格等限定词时，就不用 the，比如 This is my second book.（这是我的第二本书。）
（三）分数的表达
构成规则：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时，分母的序数词要用复数形式。例如：三分之一 one third ；三分之二 two thirds 。
特殊情况：二分之一通常用 a half 表示；四分之一用 a quarter 表示，四分之三用 three quarters 表示。
（四）年龄的表达
“基数词 + years old”：表示 “…… 岁”，如 He is ten years old.（他十岁了。）
“基数词 - year - old”：属于复合形容词，常作前置定语，像 a ten - year - old boy（一个十岁的男孩） 。
“at the age of + 基数词”：表示 “在…… 岁时”，例如 She started learning English at the age of five.（她五岁时开始学英语。）
（五）编号的表达
“名词 + 基数词”：名词和基数词的首字母都要大写，比如 Class One（一班）、Grade Two（二年级）、Lesson Three（第三课） 。
“the + 序数词 + 名词”：如 the first lesson（第一课） 。
（一）单项选择题
（2024 四川达州 中考真题）—Why is Jenny so happy —Because today is her________wedding anniversary. （ ）
A. fifth B. the fifth C. five
（2024 四川自贡 中考真题）—There is going to be the________art festival next week. —Great. We can enjoy some beautiful paintings again. （ ）
A. two B. first C. second
（2024 山东东营 中考真题）I am_____child in my family. I have an elder brother and a younger sister. （ ）
A. one B. the first C. the second D. the third
（2024 甘肃白银 中考真题）June is the________month of a year. （ ）
A. fifth B. sixth C. seventh D. eighth
（2024 四川凉山 中考真题）—Look at the triangle on the right, if AC = 3, BC = 4, how long is AB —It’s______. （ ）
A. five B. seven C. twelve
（2024 黑龙江 中考真题）Two________dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford________it. （ ）
A. hundreds, to buy B. hundreds, buy C. hundred, to buy
（2023 辽宁鞍山 中考真题）—China Shanghai International Children’s Book Fair has been held nine times. —Yes. The________fair was held from December 2 to 4, 2022. （ ）
A. nine B. ninth C. nineteenth D. ninety
（2023 辽宁朝阳 中考真题）—On Tree Planting Day, the students in our school planted five___________trees on the hill. —Good job! Everyone can do something to make our hometown greener. （ ）
A. hundreds B. hundred of C. hundreds of D. hundred
（2023 内蒙古 中考真题）The number of students in this school________five hundred, and about________of them like creative English homework. （ ）
A. is; three fifth B. is; three fifths C. are; three fifth D. are; three fifths
（2023 西藏 中考真题）It is the________time for him to take part in this kind of game. （ ）
A. one B. two C. three D. third
（二）填空题
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）They got ten ________（百万） dollars from business last month．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）This is my________ （十二） birthday．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）Our new classmate lives on the ________（nine） floor of Building C in the neighbourhood．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）The man who gives a talk seems to be in his ________ （五十）
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）Ten ________（19）of the students in our grade suffer from stress．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）His mother joined in the International Half Marathon in Yangzhou in her ________（forty ）．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）Russia is holding the________ （twenty﹣one） FIFA WORLD CUP now．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）Mum， I got ________（ one）place in the English Speech Competition．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）Jane would like to live on the________ （第十二） floor．
（2024 届中考英语第一轮复习挑战压轴题）As we all know， Teachers' Day is in the ________（nine）month of the year． It is the best time for us to show our love and respect to them．
（三）完形填空
阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中，选出一个最佳答案。
I have a good friend. His name is Tom. He is a 1 boy. He is 2 years old. He lives in 3 with his parents. Tom is a 4 in No. 1 Middle School. Every day, he gets up at 5 o'clock. Then he has 6 and goes to school. His school is not far from his home, so he usually goes to school 7 bike.
Tom likes 8 very much. He can play basketball, football and volleyball. After school, he often plays basketball with his 9 in the playground. He also likes reading. He has a lot of books in his room. He often reads books in the 10 after finishing his homework.
A. 13 - year - old B. 13 years old C. 13 - years - old D. 13 year old
A. thirteen B. thirteenth C. the thirteen D. the thirteenth
A. Chinese B. China C. English D. Englander
A. teacher B. worker C. student D. doctor
A. six B. sixth C. the six D. the sixth
A. breakfast B. lunch C. dinner D. supper
A. on B. in C. by D. at
A. music B. art C. sports D. science
A. teachers B. parents C. classmates D. sisters
A. morning B. afternoon C. evening D. night
（四）阅读理解
第一篇
（2023 北京中考真题）
There are twelve months in a year. January is the first month of the year. February is the second. You know June is the sixth month of the year. All of the children like Children's Day. In China, the first day of June is Children's Day.
根据短文内容，选择正确答案。
How many months are there in a year （ ）
A. Ten. B. Eleven. C. Twelve. D. Thirteen.
Which month is the first month of the year （ ）
A. February. B. January. C. May. D. June.
What's the sixth month of the year （ ）
A. January. B. June. C. July. D. September.
When is Children's Day in China （ ）
A. July 1st. B. June 1st. C. August 1st. D. September 10th.
第二篇
（2022 上海中考真题）
My birthday is on June twelfth. It is in summer. I like summer best because I can go swimming in the river. My brother's birthday is different from mine. His birthday is on December 25th. It's Christmas Day. We often have a big dinner together on his birthday.
根据短文内容，判断下列句子正（T）误（F）。
( ) 1. My birthday is on June twelfth.
( ) 2. I like winter best.
( ) 3. My brother's birthday is on Christmas Day.
( ) 4. We often have a big dinner on my birthday.
第三篇
（2023 湖南怀化中考真题）
People plant hundreds of trees on Tree - Planting Day every year. Tree - Planting Day is on March 12th. Trees are very important to us. They can make the air clean and beautiful. We should plant more trees to make our earth greener and more beautiful.
根据短文内容，回答下列问题。
When is Tree - Planting Day
How many trees do people plant on Tree - Planting Day every year
Why are trees important to us
What should we do to make our earth greener and more beautiful
参考答案
一、单项选择：1 - 5 ACCBA；6 - 10 CBDBD
二、填空题：1. million；2. twelfth；3. ninth；4. fifties；5. nineteenths；6. forties；7. twenty - first；8. first；9. twelfth；10. ninth
三、完形填空：1 - 5 AABCD；6 - 10 ACCCC
四、阅读理解：
第一篇：1 - 4 CBBA
第二篇：1 - 4 TFTF
第三篇：
Tree - Planting Day is on March 12th.
People plant hundreds of trees on Tree - Planting Day every year.
Because they can make the air clean and beautiful.
We should plant more trees to make our earth greener and more beautiful.
【解析】
一、单项选择：
第 1 题，根据 “表示第几用序数词，且空前有 her，不再用 the”，所以选 A。
第 2 题，“下周将举办第…… 届艺术节”，结合语境及前文已举办过活动，用序数词 second 更合适，选 C。
第 3 题，“我有哥哥和妹妹”，所以我是家里第二个孩子，用 the second，选 C。
第 4 题，June 是六月，是一年中的第六个月，sixth “第六”，选 B。
第 5 题，根据勾股定理，3^2 + 4^2 = 5^2，所以 AB 是 5，选 A。
第 6 题，hundred 前有具体数字 two，用单数；afford to do sth “负担得起做某事”，选 C。
第 7 题，“已经举办九次，所以说的是第九届”，用序数词 ninth，选 B。
第 8 题，hundred 前有具体数字 five，用单数形式，选 D。
第 9 题，the number of 作主语，谓语动词用单数 is；分数表达，分子大于 1，分母用复数，three fifths “五分之三”，选 B。
第 10 题，“表示第几次用序数词”，third “第三”，选 D。
二、填空题：
第 1 题，“百万” million 前有具体数字 ten，用单数形式，填 million。
第 2 题，“第十二个生日” 用序数词 twelfth，填 twelfth。
第 3 题，“在几楼用序数词”，nine 的序数词是 ninth，填 ninth。
第 4 题，“in one's + 整十基数词复数” 表示 “在某人几十多岁时”，“五十” 的复数是 fifties，填 fifties。
第 5 题，分数表达，分子大于 1，分母用复数，ten nineteenths “十九分之十”，填 nineteenths。
第 6 题，“in one's forties” 表示 “在某人四十多岁时”，填 forties。
第 7 题，“第二十一届” 用序数词 twenty - first，填 twenty - first。
第 8 题，“第一名” 用序数词 first，填 first。
第 9 题，“第十二” 是 twelfth，填 twelfth。
第 10 题，“一年中的第九个月” 用序数词 ninth，填 ninth。
三、完形填空：
第 1 题，“一个 13 岁的男孩” 用 a 13 - year - old boy，复合形容词作定语，选 A。
第 2 题，“表示年龄用基数词”，thirteen “十三”，选 A。
第 3 题，“live in + 地点名词”，China “中国”，选 B。
第 4 题，“在第一中学”，可知是学生，选 C。
第 5 题，“表示在几点用基数词”，six o'clock “六点”，选 A。
第 6 题，“起床后吃早饭”，breakfast “早饭”，选 A。
第 7 题，“by bike” 是固定短语 “骑自行车”，选 C。
第 8 题，“会打篮球、足球和排球”，可知喜欢运动，sports “运动”，选 C。
第 9 题，“放学后和同学打篮球”，classmates “同学”，选 C。
第 10 题，“完成作业后”，可知是晚上读书，in the evening “在晚上”，选 C。
四、阅读理解：
第一篇：
第 1 题，根据 “There are twelve months in a year.” 可知一年有十二个月，选 C。
第 2 题，“January is the first month of the year.” 可知一月是一年中的第一个月，选 B。
第 3 题，“You know June is the sixth month of the year.” 可知六月是一年中的第六个月，选 B。
第 4 题，“In China, the first day of June is Children's Day.” 可知中国儿童节是六月一日，选 A。
第二篇：
第 1 题，“My birthday is on June twelfth.” 可知生日是六月十二日，所以是 T。
第 2 题，“I like summer best” 可知最喜欢夏天，不是冬天，所以是 F。
第 3 题，“His birthday is on December 25th. It's Christmas Day.” 可知哥哥生日是圣诞节，所以是 T。
第 4 题，“We often have a big dinner together on his birthday.” 可知是在哥哥生日时吃大餐，不是我的生日，所以是 F。
第三篇：
第 1 题，文中明确提到 “Tree - Planting Day is on March 12th.”，所以植树节是 3 月 12 日。
第 2 题，“People plant hundreds of trees on Tree - Planting Day every year.” 可知人们每年在植树节种数百棵树。
第 3 题，“Trees are very important to us. They can make the air clean and beautiful.” 可知树木重要是因为能使空气清新和环境美观。
第 4 题，“We should plant more trees to make our earth greener and more beautiful.” 可知我们应该种更多树让地球更绿更美。