专题04代词 2025年中考英语二轮语法专项复习讲义（含答案解析）

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专题 04 代词
2025 年中考二轮语法专项复习讲义
（一）代词的分类
英语中的代词主要分为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、疑问代词、不定代词和复合不定代词等。不同类型的代词在句子中有着不同的作用和用法。
（二）人称代词用法
人称代词用于代替人和事物的名称，有主格和宾格两种形式。主格在句中作主语，宾格作宾语或表语。
人称 单数 单数 复数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he, she, it him, her, it they them
主格作主语：She likes reading books.（她喜欢读书。）
宾格作宾语：We often play with him.（我们经常和他一起玩。）
特殊情况：在比较状语从句中，人称代词作表语或放在 than、as 之后时，主格和宾格都可用，口语中常用宾格，如：He is taller than me/I.（他比我高。）当三个不同人称同时出现或主语包含 “我” 时，顺序为 “you→he→I”，如：You, he and I should help each other.（你、他和我应该互相帮助。）
（三）物主代词的用法
物主代词用于表明事物的所属关系，分为形容词性和名词性两种。
种类 单数 单数 单数 复数 复数 复数
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
形容词性 my your his/her/its our your their
名词性 mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs
形容词性物主代词：只能作名词的修饰语，后接名词，如：This is my bag.（这是我的包。）
名词性物主代词：相当于名词，可独立作主语、宾语或表语，后面不接名词，如：Your bike is new, but mine is old.（你的自行车是新的，我的是旧的。）
双重所有格：“of + 名词性物主代词”，作定语时放在名词后，如：A friend of hers came to visit yesterday.（她的一个朋友昨天来拜访了。）
（四）反身代词的用法
反身代词表示 “我自己、你自己、他自己” 等，第一、二人称由形容词性物主代词加 “-self”（复数加 “-selves”）构成，第三人称由人称代词宾格加 “-self”（复数加 “-selves”）构成。
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves
作宾语：He hurt himself when he fell off the bike.（他从自行车上摔下来时伤到了自己。）
作同位语：The teacher herself explained the problem again.（老师亲自又解释了一遍这个问题。）
常用词组：by oneself（独自）、for oneself（为自己）、teach oneself（自学）、help oneself to sth.（随便吃）等，如：Help yourself to some fruit.（随便吃点水果。）
（五）指示代词用法
指示代词用于指示说明近处或远处、上文或下文、以前或现在的人或事物。
单数 复数 含义
this（这个） these（这些） 指较近的人和物
that（那个） those（那些） 指较远的人和物
such（这样的人 / 物） such（这样的人 / 物） 指上文提过的人和物
same（同样的人 / 物） same（同样的人 / 物） 指和上文提过的相同的人和物
it（这人 / 这物） it（这人 / 这物） 指不太清楚是谁或者是什么时
单独使用：This is my book.（这是我的书。）
作定语：That boy over there is my brother.（那边那个男孩是我弟弟。）
特殊情况：打电话时，常用 this 和 that 代替 I 和 you；指上文的事情，this 和 that 都可用，指下文的事情用 this，如：—Hello! Is that John （喂！你是约翰吗？）—Yes, this is John speaking.（是的，我是约翰。）I lost my key. This/That is why I was late.（我丢了钥匙。这就是我迟到的原因。）This is what we should do next.（这就是我们接下来应该做的。）
（六）疑问代词
疑问代词用于构成特殊疑问句，包括 who（谁，主格）、whom（谁，宾格）、whose（谁的，所有格）、what（什么）、which（哪个或哪些）。
格 指人 指物 指人或物
主格 who 谁 what 什么 which 哪个，哪些
宾格 whom 谁
所有格 whose 谁的 whose 谁的 whose 谁的
who 作主语：Who is singing in the classroom （谁在教室里唱歌？）
what 和 which 作定语：What color do you like （你喜欢什么颜色？）Which book do you want to read （你想读哪本书？）
（七）不定代词用法
不定代词没有明确指定代替任何特定名词或形容词，常见的不定代词有 some、any、both、all、either、neither、no one、none、every、each、many、much、few、a few、little、a little、other、the other、another、others、the others 等。
some 和 any：some 用于肯定句或表示请求的疑问句中，any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中，如：I have some apples.（我有一些苹果。）Do you have any brothers （你有兄弟吗？）Would you like some coffee （你想要些咖啡吗？）
both、all、either、neither：both 表示 “两者都”；all 表示 “三者或三者以上都”；either 表示 “两者中的任何一个”，作主语时谓语动词用单数；neither 表示 “两者都不”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，如：Both of my parents are teachers.（我的父母都是老师。）All of the students passed the exam.（所有学生都通过了考试。）Either of the answers is correct.（两个答案中的任何一个都是正确的。）Neither of them likes sports.（他们俩都不喜欢运动。）
no one 和 none：no one 指人，不能接 of 短语；none 表示否定，可指人或物，常接 of 短语，如：No one knows the answer.（没人知道答案。）None of the books is interesting.（这些书没有一本有趣。）
every 和 each：every 表整体概念，只能作定语，不能与 of 短语连用；each 强调个体，可作主语、宾语和定语等，可与 of 短语连用，如：Every student in our class likes English.（我们班每个学生都喜欢英语。）Each of them has a new book.（他们每个人都有一本新书。）
many、much、few、a few、little、a little：many 修饰可数名词复数；much 修饰不可数名词；few 表 “否定”，修饰可数名词；a few 表 “肯定”，修饰可数名词；little 表 “否定”，修饰不可数名词；a little 表 “肯定”，修饰不可数名词，如：There are many students in the classroom.（教室里有很多学生。）I have much homework to do.（我有很多作业要做。）He has few friends.（他几乎没有朋友。）There are a few apples on the table.（桌子上有几个苹果。）There is little water in the bottle.（瓶子里几乎没有水。）There is a little milk left.（还剩下一点牛奶。）
other、the other、another、others、the others：other 泛指其他的，修饰复数名词；the other 指 “两者中的另一个”；another 指 “三者或以上中的另一个”；others 泛指其他的人或物；the others 特指其余的所有人或物，如：I have some other questions.（我还有一些其他问题。）I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.（我有两支钢笔。一支是红色的，另一支是蓝色的。）Would you like another cup of tea （你想再来一杯茶吗？）Some students are playing basketball, others are playing football.（一些学生在打篮球，其他学生在踢足球。）There are 20 students in the class. Five are boys, the others are girls.（班里有 20 个学生。5 个是男生，其余的是女生。）
考点拓展：either...or...（或者…… 或者……；不是…… 就是……）和 neither...nor...（既不…… 也不……）连接两个单数名词 / 代词作主语时，动词用单数；连接两个复数名词 / 代词作主语时，动词用复数；连接一个单数和一个复数名词 / 代词作主语时，动词与最靠近的主语保持一致，如：Either you or he is right.（不是你对就是他对。）Neither you nor I am wrong.（你和我都没错。）Either my parents or my sister is coming.（不是我的父母来就是我妹妹来。）
（八）复合不定代词用法
复合不定代词包括 somebody/someone（某人）、anybody/anyone（任何人）、nobody/no one（没有人）、everybody/everyone（每个人）、something（某事）、anything（任何事）、nothing（没有东西）、everything（每件事）。
作主语时，谓语动词用单数：Everyone is here today.（今天每个人都在这儿。）
反意疑问句：当主句主语是指人的复合不定代词时，反意疑问句主语用 they；当主句主语是指物的复合不定代词时，反意疑问句主语用 it，如：Nobody knows the secret, do they （没人知道这个秘密，是吗？）Everything is ready, isn't it （一切都准备好了，不是吗？）
修饰词位置：形容词或 else 修饰复合不定代词时，要放在后面，如：I have something important to tell you.（我有重要的事情要告诉你。）Is there anyone else in the room （房间里还有其他人吗？）
与 of 短语连用：everyone = everybody，anyone = anybody，只指人，不能与 of 短语连用；every one、any one 可指人也可指物，与 of 连用，如：Is anyone here （有人在这儿吗？）You can take any one of these books.（你可以拿走这些书中的任何一本。）
（九）it 用作形式主语的用法
it 在句中可作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式、动名词或从句等，常见句型有：
It's time for sb. to do sth. / It's time for sth.：It's time for us to go to school.（我们该上学了。）It's time for breakfast.（该吃早饭了。）
It takes sb. some time to do sth.：It takes me an hour to finish my homework every day.（我每天花一个小时完成作业。）
It costs/cost sb. some money to do sth.：It cost me 50 yuan to buy this book.（我花了 50 元买这本书。）
It seems/seemed that...：It seems that he is happy.（他似乎很开心。）
It is one's turn to do sth.：It's your turn to clean the classroom.（轮到你打扫教室了。）
It is /has been + 时间段 + since + 一般过去时：It has been two years since I saw him last time.（自从我上次见到他已经两年了。）
It's said /reported that...：It's said that he is a good student.（据说他是个好学生。）
It's + 名词 / 形容词 + that 从句：It's a pity that you can't come to the party.（很遗憾你不能来参加聚会。）It's important that we should study hard.（我们应该努力学习，这很重要。）
It's + 名词 / 形容词 +(for/of sb.)+ 不定式：It's easy for him to solve the problem.（对他来说解决这个问题很容易。）It's kind of you to help me.（你帮助我，真是太好了。）
It looks (seems) as if...：It looks as if it's going to rain.（看起来好像要下雨了。）
（一）单项选择题
（2024 福建 统考中考真题）Using AI tools in the right way can help ________ to work better.
A. we B. us C. our
（2024 甘肃白银 中考真题）Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ________
A. mine B. hers C. his D. its
（2024 广西 统考中考真题）—Andy, who are the girls over there
—________ are my sisters, Lily and Lucy.
A. They B. We C. You
（2024 河北 统考中考真题）—Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch
—No, ________ is pink.
A. his B. mine C. hers D. yours
（2024 黑龙江龙东地区 中考真题）Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ________ Chinese.
A. a few B. a little C. little
（2024 黑龙江齐齐哈尔 中考真题）—Hi, Linda. The bicycle is the newest style. Is it Mary’s
—Yes, it’s ________. She bought it last week.
A. mine B. yours C. hers
（2024 湖北省武汉 中考真题）—More and more teenagers are becoming interested in Xiangsheng and Xiaopin nowadays.
—Yeah, that’s because ________ can give people a big laugh.
A. all B. none C. both D. neither
（2024 四川达州市 中考真题）—Tina, did you buy ________ when you went to Dazhou last month
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A. anything special B. special anything C. something special
（2024 四川泸州市 中考真题）—The best things in life are free.
—Couldn’t agree more. Air costs ______, but we can’t live without it.
A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
（2024 四川遂宁市 中考真题）—Do you think ________ useful to read English magazines for English learning
—Yes, I think it works well.
A. it B. that C. this D. its
（二）填空题
（2024 云南 中考真题）Maria, you should believe in ________. That’s the secret of success. （you）
（2024 甘肃白银 中考真题）—________ have you been learning English —For 7 years. （how long）
（2024 甘肃白银 中考真题）—________ was the zipper invented —In 1893. （when）
（2024 四川雅安市 中考真题）—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ____________ —No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk. （you）
（2024 四川雅安市 中考真题）—Tommy, is there____________ in the classroom now —No. All the students are having a P.E. lesson on the playground. （anybody）
（2024 天津 中考真题）When ________ parents went away on business, I looked after ________. （I, myself）
（2024 湖南中考真题）In spring, many ________（butterfly） fly around the flowers.（提示：根据名词复数变化规则填空）
（2024 云南中考真题）There are many ________（sheep） on the farm.（提示：根据名词复数变化规则填空）
（2024 江西中考真题）December is the ________（twelve） month of a year.（提示：根据序数词变化规则填空）
（2024 福建中考真题）—________ is the biggest blue whale —As I know, it weighs about 181,000 kilos. （how heavy）
（三）完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I have a good friend. Her name is Lisa. We often help 1. We both like reading. There are a lot of books in 2 homes. On weekends, we usually go to the library together.
One day, I couldn't find my favorite book. I asked Lisa if she saw 3. She said no. But I found 4 in her bag later. I was very angry 5 her. She said she just wanted to borrow it 6 asking me. She said sorry to me and I forgave (原谅) her. After that, we are still good friends.
A. each other B. others C. the others D. another
A. we B. us C. our D. ours
A. it B. one C. this D. that
A. them B. its C. they D. it
A. for B. at C. with D. about
A. with B. without C. after D. before
（四）阅读理解
第一篇
（2023 山东中考真题）
Dear Sue,
I'm happy to be your friend. My name is Jim. I'm from Canada. I'm 13 years old. I have a big family. There are six people in my family. They are my grandparents, my parents, my sister and I. My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a middle school. My sister is only 5 years old. She is very lovely. We also have a pet dog. Its name is Coco. It is very smart.
On weekends, my family often go to the park. We fly kites and have a picnic there. It is a happy time for 1. We love each other very much.
I hope we can write to each other often.
Best wishes!
Jim
There are ______ people in Jim's family.
A. four B. five C. six D. seven
Jim's father is a ______.
A. teacher B. doctor C. worker D. farmer
Jim's mother teaches ______ in a middle school.
A. math B. Chinese C. English D. history
The pet dog's name is ______.
A. Coco B. Sue C. Jim D. Lisa
On weekends, Jim's family often ______ in the park.
A. play basketball B. play football C. fly kites and have a picnic D. go swimming
第二篇
（2022 广东中考真题）
In our daily life, we use different kinds of languages. The most common one is body language. Body language is the use of body movements to communicate (交流) 1. For example, when we meet someone, we usually shake hands. Shaking hands is a way of greeting. When we are happy, we smile. When we are sad, we cry. These are all body languages.
Body language is very important in our lives. It can help us communicate better. Sometimes, we can use body language to express our feelings when we don't want to speak. For example, if we don't want to go to school, we can put on a sad face.
However, body languages are different in different countries. In some countries, shaking hands is not a common way of greeting. In some countries, people kiss each other when they meet. So when we go to a new country, we should learn about its body language.
What is the most common language in our daily life
A. English. B. Chinese. C. Body language. D. Sign language.
When we are happy, we usually ______.
A. shake hands B. smile C. cry D. put on a sad face
Why is body language important
A. Because it can help us communicate better.
B. Because it can help us learn languages.
C. Because it can help us make friends.
D. Because it can help us get good grades.
In some countries, people ______ when they meet.
A. shake hands B. smile C. kiss each other D. cry
What should we do when we go to a new country
A. Learn about its body language.
B. Learn about its history.
C. Learn about its people.
D. Learn about its food.
第三篇
（2023 江苏中考真题）
Li Ming is a middle school student. He is 13 years old. He lives in Beijing with his parents. He likes reading very much. He often goes to the library after school. He also likes playing basketball. He plays basketball with his classmates every Saturday afternoon.
Li Ming has a pet cat. Its name is Mimi. It is very cute. Li Ming often plays with Mimi after dinner. He loves Mimi very much.
Li Ming's favorite subject is English. He thinks English is very interesting. He often reads English stories and watches English movies. He wants to be an English teacher when he grows up.
How old is Li Ming
A. 12. B. 13. C. 14. D. 15.
What does Li Ming like doing after school
A. Playing basketball. B. Playing with his pet cat.
C. Going to the library. D. Watching English movies.
What is Li Ming's pet cat's name
A. Coco. B. Mimi. C. Li Ming. D. We don't know.
What is Li Ming's favorite subject
A. Math. B. Chinese. C. English. D. History.
What does Li Ming want to be when he grows up
A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. A worker. D. A driver.
参考答案
一、单项选择：1 - 5 BCACB；6 - 10 CCABA
二、填空题：1. yourself；2. How long；3. When；4. yours；5. anybody；6. my; myself；7. butterflies；8. sheep；9. twelfth；10. How heavy
三、完形填空：1 - 5 ACADC；6 - 6 B
四、阅读理解：
第一篇：1 - 5 CBCCC
第二篇：1 - 5 CBACA
第三篇：1 - 5 BCBCB
【解析】
一、单项选择：
第 1 题，help 是动词，后接人称代词宾格，we 是主格，our 是形容词性物主代词，us 是宾格，所以选 B。
第 2 题，根据 “Mark just phoned to say he’d left his coat behind” 可知这里是问这件外套是他的吗，his 是名词性物主代词，意为 “他的”，所以选 C。
第 3 题，根据问句 “who are the girls over there” 可知回答用 they 指代 the girls，所以选 A。
第 4 题，根据问句 “is this your sister’s smartwatch” 可知回答是说她的（姐姐的）是粉色的，hers 是名词性物主代词，意为 “她的”，所以选 C。
第 5 题，Chinese 在这里是 “中文”，不可数名词，a few 修饰可数名词复数，a little 修饰不可数名词，little 表示 “几乎没有”，由 “Tom has been in Shanghai for five years” 可知他能说一点中文，所以选 B。
第 6 题，根据 “Is it Mary’s” 以及 “Yes” 可知回答是说它是她的，hers 是名词性物主代词，意为 “她的”，所以选 C。
第 7 题，根据 “Xiangsheng and Xiaopin” 可知是两者，all 指三者或三者以上都，none 指三者或三者以上都不，both 指两者都，neither 指两者都不，这里说两者都能让人开怀大笑，所以选 C。
第 8 题，something 用于肯定句，anything 用于疑问句和否定句，形容词修饰复合不定代词要后置，所以选 A。
第 9 题，根据 “The best things in life are free” 以及 “but we can’t live without it” 可知空气不花钱，nothing 表示 “没有什么”，所以选 B。
第 10 题，这里用 it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的 “to read English magazines for English learning”，所以选 A。
二、填空题：
第 1 题，believe in oneself 表示 “相信自己”，这里是对 Maria 说的，所以用 yourself。
第 2 题，根据回答 “For 7 years” 可知问的是多长时间，用 How long。
第 3 题，根据回答 “In 1893” 可知问的是时间，用 When。
第 4 题，根据回答 “No, it’s not mine” 可知问的是这是你的（书）吗，yours 是名词性物主代词，意为 “你的”。
第 5 题，这是一个一般疑问句，用 anybody 表示 “任何人”。
第 6 题，第一个空用形容词性物主代词 my 修饰 parents，第二个空用反身代词 myself ，look after oneself 表示 “照顾自己”。
第 7 题，many 修饰可数名词复数，butterfly 的复数是 butterflies。
第 8 题，sheep 单复数同形，所以这里还是用 sheep。
第 9 题，表示 “第十二” 用序数词 twelfth。
第 10 题，根据回答 “it weighs about 181,000 kilos” 可知问的是多重，用 How heavy。
三、完形填空：
第 1 题，help each other 表示 “互相帮助”，所以选 A。
第 2 题，homes 是名词，前面用形容词性物主代词 our 修饰，所以选 C。
第 3 题，这里用 it 指代前面提到的 my favorite book，所以选 A。
第 4 题，还是指代那本书，用 it，所以选 D。
第 5 题，be angry with sb. 表示 “生某人的气”，所以选 C。
第 6 题，根据语境可知她没问我就想借，without 表示 “没有”，所以选 B。
四、阅读理解：
第一篇：
第 1 题，根据 “There are six people in my family” 可知选 C。
第 2 题，根据 “My father is a doctor” 可知选 B。
第 3 题，根据 “My mother is a teacher. She teaches English in a middle school” 可知选 C。
第 4 题，根据 “We also have a pet dog. Its name is Coco” 可知选 C。
第 5 题，根据 “On weekends, my family often go to the park. We fly kites and have a picnic there” 可知选 C。
第二篇：
第 1 题，根据 “The most common one is body language” 可知选 C。
第 2 题，根据 “When we are happy, we smile” 可知选 B。
第 3 题，根据 “Body language is very important in our lives. It can help us communicate better” 可知选 A。
第 4 题，根据 “In some countries, people kiss each other when they meet” 可知选 C。
第 5 题，根据 “So when we go to a new country, we should learn about its body language” 可知选 A。
第三篇：
第 1 题，根据 “He is 13 years old” 可知选 B。
第 2 题，根据 “He often goes to the library after school” 可知选 C。
第 3 题，根据 “Li Ming has a pet cat. Its name is Mimi” 可知选 B。
第 4 题，根据 “Li Ming's favorite subject is English” 可知选 C。
第 5 题，根据 “He wants to be an English teacher when he grows up” 可知选 B。