中考总复习——八年级(下)Units 7～8
I. 词汇拓展
Asia n.亚洲 →Asian adj.亚洲(人)的 →Asian n.亚洲人；
tour n.&v.旅行；旅游 →tourist n.旅行者；观光者
nature n.自然界；大自然 →natural adj.自然的
danger n.危险 →dangerous adj.有危险的；不安全的 →endangered adj.濒危的
France n.法国 →French n.法语；adj.法国的；法国人 ；法语的
south n.南；南方 →southern adj.南方的
protect v.保护；防护 →protection n.保护；保卫
include v.包括；包含 →including prep.包括(某人/某物)在内
succeed v.实现目标；成功 →success n.成功 →successful adj.获得成功的；有成就的 →successfully adv.成功地
achieve v.达到；完成；成功 →achievement n.成就；成绩
deep adj.深的；纵深的 →deeper (比较级) →deepest (最高级) →deeeply adv.深深地
weigh v.重量是……；称……重量 →weight n.重量；分量
wake v.弄醒；唤醒 →woke(过去式) →woken(过去分词) →awake adj.醒着
hurry v.匆忙；赶快 →hurried adj.匆忙完成的；仓促而就的
introduce v.介绍；引见 →introduction n.介绍
wide adj.宽的；宽阔的 →widely adv.广泛地；普遍地 →width n.宽度；广度
ill adj.有病；不舒服 →illness n.疾病；病
laugh v.笑；发笑 →laughter n.笑声
belong v.归属；属于 →belonging n.附属品；附件
II. 重点短语
feel free (to do sth.) (可以)随便(做某事)
as far as I know 就我所知
take in 吸入；吞入(体内)
in the face of 面对(问题、困难等)
even though/ even if 即使；虽然
at birth 出生时
up to 至多有；不多于；到达(某数量、程度等)
walk into 走路时撞着
fall over 绊倒
die from+外因/of+内因 死于……
put down 放下
hurry up 赶快；急忙
science fiction 科幻小说
come to realize 逐渐意识到
ever since 自从
belong to 属于
millions of 数以百万计的
or so 大约
full of 满是......的；(有)大量的；(有)丰富的
country music 乡村音乐
leave behind 留下;遗留
the number of… ……的数量
look good on sb. 穿在某人身上好看
one another 互相
III. 重点句型
The spirit of these climbers shows us that we should never give up trying to achieve our dreams. 这些登山者的精神向我们表明:我们决不应该放弃实现自己梦想的尝试。
IV. 语法聚焦
1．数词(数量的读法和表达方法) 2．形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 3．现在完成时(含already 和yet)
V. 知识点解析
belong to的用法
【名师解析】belong to意为“属于；归……所有”，其中belong属于不及物动词，常与介词to连用。后接代词作宾语时，要用宾格形式（不可用物主代词）；后接名词时，也不能用所有格。belong to sb. = be one's “属于某人的”， one’s是物主代词，也可用名词所有格形式。
The bicycle belongs to Amy. =The bicycle is Amy's. 这辆自行车是埃米的。
【对点导练】
1．The book belongs to me.（同义句转换）
The book_________ __________.
2．—Are these books _________
—No, they are not mine. They belong to__________（他）.
population的用法
【名师解析】
population意为“人口；人口数量”，是一个集合名词，它的用法有时较为特殊。要注意以下用法：
The population today is growing very fast. 现在的人口增长得很快。
About three fifths of the population here are farmers. 这儿大约五分之三的人口是农民。
【对点导练】
1．China has the largest____________(人口) in the world.
2．The population of Shaanxi is __________(large) than that of Shanghai.
3．In Singapore，more than three quarters of the population__________(be) Chinese.
4．The population of the world still __________ (be) increasing now.
5．—__________ is the population of the country
—Sorry, I don’t know.
succeed的用法
【名师解析】变形：succeed v．→success n.成功 →successful adj.成功的 →successfully adv.成功地
单词 词义 用法
success n.成功 表示抽象意义的“成功”，用作不可数名词；表示具体意义的“成功的人或事”，用作可数名词
succeed v.实现目标；成功 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事
successful adj.获得成功的；有成就的 可作表语或定语，be successful in doing sth. 成功做某事
successfully adv.成功地 修饰动词、句子
Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母。
The party was a big success. 这次聚会非常成功。
Jim succeeded in getting the job. 吉姆成功获得了那份工作。
The play was very successful on Broadway. 那部话剧在百老汇大获成功。
【对点导练】用success的适当形式填空。
1．I hope you have a ________ career that you enjoy doing.
2．Finally，Rosev___________ in getting to the top of the mountain. How interesting it was!
3．In this world, turning disadvantages into advantages is the key to ___________.
4．As long as we pull together, we are sure to be ___________in the end.
辨析achieve，realize与come true
【名师解析】
词组 含义 用法
achieve 及物动词,意为“(经努力)完成,达到,获得” 主语一般为人: sb. +achieve +“梦想/目标/标准等”,可用于被动语态;名词形式为achievement
realize/realise 及物动词,意为“实现;意识到” 主语一般为人:sb. +realize/realise +“梦想/志向等”
come true 意为“实现;成为现实 主语一般为物:“理想/愿望等”+come true,不可用于被动语态
He achieved his goal by peaceful means. 他通过和平的方法实现了自己的目标。
The girl finally realized her dream of becoming an actress. 那个女孩终于实现了当演员的梦想。
Whatever you do，just don't give up and your dream will come true. 无论做什么, 只要不放弃，你的梦想就会实现。
【对点导练】
come true, achieve, realize
1．You need hard work and a little luck if you want to__________ success.
2．My cousin's dream____________ and he became a brave soldier in the end.
3．If you work hard，you will___________ your dream one day. I believe you can do it.
4．His wish to study music has_________ _________ at last.
protect的用法
【名师解析】
变形: protect v. →protection n.保护
This umbrella will protect your skin from the burning sun.这种伞将会保护你的皮肤免受烈日的伤害。
This medicine will protect you against getting this kind of illness.这种药会保护你不得这种疾病。
【对点导练】
1．The government encouraged people to do what they can do __________(protect) the environment.
2．The seatbelt can protect both drivers and passengers from___________(get) hurt when the car stops suddenly.
3．Daniel is leading an activity ____________ (protect) the animals in the city.
weigh的用法
【名师解析】
【拓展】对重量提问:How much does sb./sth. weigh
②How heavy is sb./sth.
③What is the weight of sb./sth.
【对点导练】用weigh的适当形式填空。
1．If you want to lose __________，you'd better have a balanced diet and keep exercising.
2．A study shows that teenagers who eat breakfast __________ around 5 pounds less than teenagers who do not.
3．Cao Chong is known for coming up with the special way to _________ the elephant.
辨析include和including
【名师解析】
词汇 词性及用法 例句
include 及物动词, 在句中作谓语, 后接名词或代词 The popular writer's writings include poetry and prose(散文).
including 介词, 位于句中, 其前用逗号与句子隔开 He has many pets, including three cats.
【对点导练】用include的适当形式填空。
1．Tom has many hobbies，__________ hiking and running.
2．It's a famous theme park and _________ four different parks.
3．I have been to many foreign countries，__________Thailand and Singapore.
…it's about 8，850 kilometers long. ……它大约有8，850千米长。
【名师解析】
英语中表示“长、宽、高、深”的形容词有long, wide, high, tall, deep等，表达方式主要有以下两种：
表达方式 用法 例句
基数词＋量词＋adj. 作表语 The river is about 100 meters long. 这条河大约100米长。
当数词≥2时，量词用复数形式
基数词-量词-adj. 作定语 This is a 10-meter-wide river. 这是一条10米宽的河。
用连字符连接，量词用单数形式
【对点导练】
1．演员靳东身高1.83米。
Jin Dong，an actor，is 1.83 _____________．
2．Don’t swim in the river. It is an _____________(8米深的)river.
This elephant weighs many times more than this panda.这只大象比这只熊猫重好多倍。
【名师解析】倍数的表达
(1)用形容词表示甲是乙的几倍时，有以下三个句型：
倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than
倍数＋as＋形容词/副词＋as
倍数＋the size/height/weight/length＋of
(2)用名词表示“量”的倍数时，有以下两个句型：
倍数＋more＋名词＋than
倍数＋as many/much＋名词＋其他＋as 如：
This hall is four times bigger than our classroom.这个大厅比我们的教室大四倍。
Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。
The hill is four times the height of that small one.这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。
There are four times more books in our library than in yours.我们图书馆的藏书数量是你们图书馆的四倍。
There is three times as much water in this cup as in that one.这个杯子里的水是那个杯子里的三倍。
【对点导练】
我的年龄是你的三倍。
I'm _____________________than you.
＝I'm ______________ old _______ you.
VI. 课堂反馈
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．Daqing is in the north of China and it has a __________(人口；人口数量)of more than 2.7 million.
2．My family will have a trip to the__________(古老的)city of Pompeii. We are excited about that.
3．With the development of the new __________(科技), China is becoming stronger and stronger.
4．Jinan is an old city, but we can see many new and __________(当代的；现代的)buildings there.
5．“The bags_________(重量是……)about 35 to 40 kg and I had to carry them, walking over 30 km a day, ” said Yang.
6．According to a survey by Pew Research Center，more than half of US________(成人)like gas－powered cars better.
7．Uncle Ross who once studied _________(在国外)came back to China to find a job last year.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．In the wild, a young elephant will go under its mother to find__________ (protect)from the sun.
2．The elephant standing by the river is the ________(huge)of the three.
3．The rich man gave away _________(million)of dollars to those poor areas.
4. Did you hear the _________(laugh)from the next door
5．Some stars have __________(fan)who will go and see any movie they are in.
6．It's impossible for us___________(achieve)our dreams without managing our time well or trying our best.
三、教材语篇回顾。
A
Scientists say there are now fewer than 2,000 pandas living in the forests. Another 300 or so live in zoos or 1._________(研究) centers in China and other countries. Pandas do not have many babies, maybe only one every two years. The babies often die from 2.__________(ill) and do not live very long. 3._________(成年的) pandas spend more than 12 hours a day 4.__________(eat) about 10 kilos of bamboo. Many years ago, there were a lot more bamboo forests and pandas in China, but then humans started to cut down these forests. As the forests get 5.__________(small) and other human activities cause more problems, pandas cannot find enough to eat and they are having fewer babies.
B
Country is a traditional kind of music from the southern states of America. Nashville, Tennessee is the home of country music. Many songs these days are just about 6._________(现代的) life in the US, such as the importance of money and success, but not about 7._________(belong) to a group. However, country music brings us back to the “good old days” 8.__________ people were kind to each other and trusted one another. It reminds us that the best things in life are free—9.__________(笑声), friends, family, and the 10._________(beautiful) of nature and the countryside.
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
“It's Day 45 of our expedition(探险)to the South Pole. This is one of 1.___________(difficult)days I've ever had, ” I thought with a heavy breath as I walked against the wind and snow in the sub－zero temperature. We were finally just a few 2._________(mile)away from our destination(目的地).
This whole trip was very difficult. We kept walking around 12 hours 3._________ day and I was very tired. However, I couldn't complain because it was nothing if I 4.__________(compare)it with the journey of Roald Amundsen. Whenever I almost gave up, I tried to think of 5._________he did to overcome his difficulties here more than 100 years ago.
This journey was special. First, 6.__________(move)over the white snow and ice was not easy. Sometimes it was too white everywhere to see more than a few meters ahead.7.__________(lucky), we had planned the route(路线)well.
Another challenge of the journey was preparing food. For example, we had to eat any hot food fast 8.__________ it got cold so quickly. Sometimes, we just had some nuts and sweets when there was no time to stop for a proper meal. Even so, we always made sure that we ate the right food so that we could go on 9.__________(we)journey with enough energy.
I thought the hardest part was to protect our feet. It would be awful if we hurt our feet. Our team doctor always took care 10.__________our injuries(伤口)well and kept us healthy.
It must feel wonderful to be finally standing at the South Pole. This expedition teaches us that we need to overcome all kinds of difficulties before we succeed and we should never give up.中考总复习——八年级(下)Units 1～2
I. 词汇拓展
foot n.脚；足 →feet pl.
knife n.刀 →knives pl.
interest n.&v.兴趣；使感兴趣 →interesting adj.有趣的 →interested adj.感兴趣的
lie v.存在；平躺；处于 →lay(过去式) →lain(过去分词) →lying(现在分词)
break v.(使)破；裂；碎；损坏n.间歇；休息 →broke(过去式) →broken(过去分词) →broken adj.破损的；残缺的
hurt v.(使)疼痛；受伤 →hurt(过去式/过去分词)
hit v.(用手或器具)击；打 →hit (过去式/过去分词)
climb v.爬 →climber n.登山者；攀登者
mean v.意思是；打算 →meant (过去式/过去分词) →meaning n.意义；意思 →meaningful adj.意味深长的；有意义的 →meaningless adj.毫无意义的
die v.死；死亡 →died (过去式/过去分词)→death n死；死亡 →dead adj.死的；失去生命的 →dying(现在分词)临终的；垂死的；临死的
feel v.感受；觉得 →felt(过去式/过去分词)→feeling n.感觉；感触
satisfy v.(使)满足；(使)满意 →satisfaction n.满足；满意 →satisfied adj.满意的；满足的；欣慰的
imagine v.想象；设想 →imagination n.想象力；想象
excite v.使兴奋；使激动 →excited adj.激动的；兴奋的 →exciting adj.使人兴奋的；令人激动的 →excitement n.激动；兴奋
train v.训练n.火车 →training n.训练；培训 →trainer n.训练员 →trained adj.受过训练的
understand v.理解；领会 →understood (过去式/过去分词) →understanding adj.善解人意的；n.理解
important adj.重要的 →importance n.重要性；重要
own adj.&pron.自己的v.拥有→owner n.物主；主人
lonely adj.孤独的；寂寞的 →alone adv.独自；单独
able adj.能 →ability n.能力；才能 →disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的
difficult adj.困难的 →difficulty n.困难；难题
kind adj.善良的 →kindness n.仁慈；善良
cheer v.欢呼；喝彩 →cheerful adj.快乐的；高兴的
II. 重点短语
have a cold 感冒
lie down 躺下
take breaks/take a break 休息
get off 下车
right away 立即；马上
get into 陷入；参与
be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
without thinking twice 毫不犹豫
take risks/take a risk 冒险
run out (of) 用尽；耗尽
cut off 切除
get out of 离开；从……出来
be in control of 掌管；管理
give up 放弃
clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
cheer up (使)变得更高兴；振奋起来
give out 分发；散发
come up with 想出；提出(主意、计划、回答等)
put off 推迟
hand out 分发
call up 打电话给(某人)；征召
care for 照顾；非常喜欢
try out 参加……选拔；试用
fix up 修理；装饰
give away 赠送；捐赠
take after (外貌或行为)像
set up 建起；设立
make a difference 影响；有作用
have a stomachache胃痛
take one’s temperature 量体温
have a fever 发烧
to one’s surprise 使......惊讶的；出乎......意料
used to do sth. 曾经做某事；过去做某事
III. 重点句型
—What's the matter with Ben 本怎么了 —He hurt himself. He has a sore back. 他伤到自己了。他背痛。
I can do what I love to do and help others at the same time. 我可以做我喜欢做的事情,同时也能帮助别人。
Thanks to Mr. Wang and the passengers, the man was saved by the doctors in time. 多亏了王先生和乘客们,医生及时挽救了老人的生命。
She could read by herself at the age of four. 她在四岁时就能够独自看书了。
You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要离开电脑休息一下。
IV. 语法聚焦
1．should/shouldn't表建议 2．动词不定式 3．情态动词could表建议 4．动词短语
V. 知识点解析
trouble 的用法
【名师解析】
We had no trouble (in) finding his office. 我们在寻找他的办公室这件事上没困难。
If I don't get this task finished on time，I'll be in trouble.我如果不按时把任务完成，我就要倒霉了。
I will step out and help you out if you get into trouble.如果你遇到麻烦，我将站出来帮你走出困境。
【对点对练】
1．If you get into __________(困难)，you can ask the teachers for help.
2．Many children have trouble _____________ (communicate) with their parents nowadays.
辨析raise 与 rise
词汇 含义及用法 举例
raise (raised, raised) 上升。强调“某人把某物举起来” raise one's hand(s) 举起某人的手
提高;增加 raise salary 提高薪资
募集(资金);征集(人员) raise money筹钱 raise an army 组建军队
抚养,养育 raise pets 养宠物
rise (rose, risen) 上升;升起。后不能接宾语,强调“某人/某物自己站/升起来” The sun rises. 太阳升起。 The river rises. 河水上涨。
增长。后不可接宾语 The price rises. 价格上涨。
【对点导练】
raise，rise
1．If you want to answer questions in class，please __________your hands.
2．Due to the heavy rain through the whole week，the flood __________up to 3 or 4 meters in depth.
3．With the serious environmental problems, the temperature has _________ over the years.
4．An organization in America was started in 1987 to _________ money for local schools.
辨析fix，repair与mend
词汇 用法 举例
fix 侧重于“安装”，用于表示修补、修复任何破损或不能正常工作的事物。有时也用作“修理”，可与repair替换。 fix＋a machine 安装机器 fix＋a mirror 装一面镜子
repair 多指修理较庞大的物体、构造较复杂或损坏严重的东西。 repair＋a bridge 修桥 repair＋a house 修房子
mend 多用于指修理较小物体、结构较简单的日常用品或缝补衣服、袜子等。 mend＋a shoe 补鞋 mend＋a kite 修风筝
【对点导练】
repair，fix，mend
1．Could you please help me __________ my coat？It's worn out.
2．I'll make my watch_____________．It doesn't work.
3．The machine needs to be ___________up.
imagine的用法
【名师解析】imagine
We can't imagine life without any hardships.我们不能想象没有任何坎坷的生活。
Please imagine yourself (to be) in the customer's position.请设身处地地为顾客着想。
I once imagine him a tall and thin man.我曾以为他是个又高又瘦的人。
I can't imagine myself teaching in front of so many people.我不能想象自己在那么多人面前教书。
Mr. Smith couldn't imagine what had happened at all. 史密斯先生根本想不到发生了什么事。
【对点导练】
1．Can you __________(想象) the life on the moon
2．Can you imagine ____________(live) with such a boring man
3．His mother imagined him _____________ (be) a good physician when he grows up.
4．Mark couldn't imagine his best friend ____________(leave) him，because they just made a phone call last weekend.
辨析lonely与alone
【名师解析】
词汇 词性 含义及用法
lonely adj. “孤独的;寂寞的”,带有浓厚的感彩,在句中作表语或定语。be/feel lonely 感到孤独
“荒凉的;偏僻的”,修饰表示地点的名词,只能作定语。a lonely island 一座荒凉的岛屿
alone adj. “单独的;独自的”,不带感彩,只陈述事实,在句中作表语。be alone 独自待着
adv. “独自;单独”,在句中作状语,相当于 by oneself。 live alone 独居
The old man lived in a lonely mountain village，and he lived a hard life alone. 这位老人住在一个偏僻的小山村里，独自过着艰难的生活。
He has been very lonely since his wife left him. 自从他妻子离开他后，他一直感到很寂寞。
【对点导练】
alone，lonely
1．She often listens to the rock music when she is __________ at home.
2．Now more and more people live alone and feel _________. They should be cared for.
3．He doesn't feel scared when he is ___________ at home.
4．I have been very___________ since I came to this city.
5．The old man lives___________ in the village. He always feels _________ and misses his sons.
辨析used to do sth.，be/get used to doing sth.与be used to do sth.
【名师解析】
短语 含义及用法
used to do sth. “过去常常做某事”,暗指现在不做了, 只用于一般过去时。
be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”, to为介词, 后接名词、代词、动名词。
be used to do sth. “被用来做某事”，是use sth. to do sth. 的被动语态, 可用于多种时态, 相当于be used for doing sth.
He used to live in a small village，but now he has been used to living in a big city. 他过去住在一个小村庄里，但是现在他已经习惯住在大城市里了。
They get used to living in the countryside. 他们习惯住在农村。
Wood is used to make paper. 木材被用来造纸。
【拓展】
【对点导练】
1．My mother used to ___________(make) breakfast for me every morning，but now I do it myself.
2．Three colorful wooden blocks are __________ (use) to make toys.
3．Maria used to ____________ (watch) TV，but now she is used to __________(listen) to music.
4．用适当的介词填空。
(1) The scientific method is used _______ simple experiments that students may do in the classroom.
(2) Chinese will be widely used_______ an international language around the world.
(3) Cameras are used _______ many people during traveling.
辨析be similar to，look like 与 take after
【名师解析】
短语 含义 用法
be similar to 意为“与……相像的、类似的” 一般都用在相似的物品和情景的对比上，含有被动含义。
look like 意为“看起来像” 多指视觉上的相似，既可指人也可指物，只指外表看上去像。
take after 意为“(在外貌、行为等方面)与(某个长辈)相像”,多指遗传 多用在有血缘关系的亲子之间，外貌用得最多。另外，也能够用在性格脾气这些内在品质上。
His teaching style is similar to that of most other teachers. 他的教学风格和大多数教师很相似。
Mary really takes after her mother. 玛丽的确长得很像她妈妈。
The man looks like her headmaster. 那个人看起来像我们的校长。
【对点导练】
be similar to，look like，take after
1．It might be a boy's room because the clothes ___________ boy's style.
2．Your mother is a smart，brave woman. You _____________ her.
3．These two buildings _______________ each other in many respects.
辨析run out与run out of
【名师解析】两者都表示“用尽；耗尽”，但用法不同：
(1) “run out”是不及物动词短语，主语一般是物，如时间、金钱、事物等，不可用于被动语态。
The water has run out.水已经用光了。
(2) “run out of'”是及物动词短语，主语一般是人。
They have run out of ideas.他们已经想不出办法了。
【对点导练】用 run out，run out of的正确形式填空。
1．We're ___________ time.
2．You'd better go home before your money____________.
mean的用法
【名师解析】
Success means working hard. 成功意味着努力工作。
We mean to see him off tomorrow. 我们打算明天去为他送行。
The sign means that the road is blocked. 这个标志表示此路不通。
【对点导练】
1．Much of it is left in the fields. That __________(意味着) a great waste.
2．My new job will mean ___________(travel) all over the world.
risk的用法
【名师解析】
risk 作名词，意为“危险;风险;冒险”，常见的短语有take a risk/risks (冒险)，at risk (冒风险;在危险中)，at the risk of (冒着……的危险/风险)。
作动词，意为“冒险”，后接动词时，应使用动词-ing 形式。
The task is dangerous, but somebody has to take a risk. 任务很危险, 但总得有人去冒险。
The fireman saved the drowning boy in the river at the risk of his life. 消防员冒着生命危险救起了河里溺水的男孩。
The police risked going into the caves to look for the lost girl. 为了寻找迷路的小女孩警察冒着危险进入了山洞。
【对点导练】
1．If you put all your eggs in one basket, you risk ___________(lose) everything all at one time.
2．完成句子
He is a brave young man who ____________________(习惯于冒险).
—What's the matter？怎么了？
—I have a cold. 我感冒了。
【名师解析】“What's the matter？”该问句常用来询问某人患了何种疾病或遇到了何种麻烦。例如当你看到某人心情沮丧、闷闷不乐或是身体不太舒服时，可使用本句询问对方，以表达关怀之意，意为“哪儿不舒服？”“出什么事了？”或“为何不高兴？”等。如果表示某人出了什么事，后接介词with，即 “What's the matter with…？”。
【知识拓展】
(1) 表示这一意义的常用口语有：
(2) 要表达身体疼痛或不舒服,可用以下结构:
①某人+have/has/had a +病症(cold/fever/headache/toothache/stomachache/backache)
②某人+have/has/had a sore+身体部位
③某人+hurt(s)+身体部位/反身代词
④某身体部位+hurt(s)
⑤某人+have/has/had a pain in one's+身体部位
⑥There is something wrong with one's+身体部位
(3) matter
【对点导练】
1．Could you please tell me what's the matter ________ you？(填入适当的介词)
2．After her son's death，it seemed that nothing __________(要紧)to the old woman.
3．—What’s ________ matter, Nancy —I have ________ sore throat.
…bus No. 26 was going along Zhonghua Road when the driver saw an old man lying on the side of the road.…… 26路公交车正行驶在中华路上，这时司机看到一位老人躺在路边。
【名师解析】
【拓展】类似用法的词还有hear，watch，notice，feel 等。
注：see/hear/watch/notice+动词原形，动词原形作宾语补足语；但在被动语态中要加上to。
I saw him repair his bike. 我看见他修理他的自行车。
Perhaps we have seen young children playing together. 可能我们曾见过小孩子们正一起玩。
【对点导练】
1．I just saw him ___________ (enter)the room. But where is he now
2．Can you see some boys ___________ (play) basketball on the playground
3．While I was walking along the lake, I saw some fish ________(jump)out of the water.
4．Seeing their teacher __________(walk) into the classroom, they stopped__________ (talk)at once.
5．The young man was often seen _________ (draw) by the lake.
VI. 课堂反馈
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．Mother's cooking skills will not only satisfy our _________(胃) but also our spirit.
2．Emma felt __________(孤独的；寂寞的) when her parents were on business trips.
3．Julie _________(修理；安装) the broken sled and then kept going. Finally, she and her team won first place.
4．Research has shown that 10,000 steps a day can lower your risk of early__________(死；死亡).
5．Don't play with _________(刀). They may cut your fingers.
6．It took Amber a minute to _________(理解；领会) the meaning of Bella's words.
7．At yesterday's meeting, I __________(限制；约束) the speed of speaking and made myself heard clearly.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．I hope all of us can treat everyone with __________(kind).
2．My shoes were a little small and both of my __________(foot) hurt.
3．We are really proud that we cooked all dishes by___________(we).
4．—You look so sad. What's wrong
—I have great __________(difficult) in studying physics, and I'm worried about it.
5．Today, people use paper cuttings to decorate not only windows, but also _________(door), walls and other objects at home.
6．I think we should do something about that __________(break) window.
三、教材语篇回顾。
A
The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Ping, stopped the bus without thinking twice. He got off and asked the woman what happened. She said that the man had a 1.___________(心脏) problem and should go to the hospital. Mr. Wang knew he had to act 2.____________(quick). He told the passengers that he must take the man to the hospital. He expected most or all of the passengers to get off and wait 3.__________ the next bus. But to his 4._____________(surprising), they all agreed to go with him. Some passengers helped Mr. Wang to move the man 5.__________(向;朝) the bus.
B
Mary is a book lover. She could read by 6.__________(her) at the age of four. Last year, she decided to try out for a volunteer after-school reading program, She still works there 7.__________(一次) a week to help kids learn to read. “The kids are sitting in the library, but you can see in their eyes that they' re going on a different 8.____________(旅行) with each new book. 9.__________ (volunteer) here is a dream come true for me. I can do what I love to do and help others at 10.__________ same time.
C
What would it be like to be blind or deaf Or imagine you can't walk or use your hands 11.__________(easy). Most people would never think about this, 12.__________ many people have these 13.__________(difficulty). I can't use my arms 14.__________ legs well，so 15.__________(一般的) things like answering the telephone, opening and closing doors, or 16.____________(拿) things are difficult for me. Then one day last year, a friend of 17.__________(I) helped me out. She talked to Animal Helpers about getting me 18.__________ special trained dog. She also thought a dog might 19._________(使变得高兴) me up. I love animals and I was 20.__________(exciting) about the idea of having a dog.
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Our family bought a new smart TV set last week. It is 1._________(real)cool！But we didn't know what we should do 2._________ the old one. Then I 3.__________(see)an advertisement(广告)for Tech－Help. Tech－Help donates(捐赠)smart TV sets to people who need 4.___________(they).
So far，Tech－Help has donated 5.__________(many)than 2, 000 smart TV sets to different families across the country. Tech－Help gave smart TV sets to poor families 6._________ they can't afford one. It is very easy to donate smart TV sets to Tech－Help. Yesterday, my brother 7.__________I took the old smart TV set to a local shop. Two 8._________(hour)later, Tech－Help collected it from the shop. They will clean the smart TV set and make it better.
Right now, Tech－Help is giving smart TV sets to families in Xinjiang. There are about 50 families on 9._________ waiting list. They believe they will get the smart TV sets soon. I'm excited we could do something 10.___________(help)others!中考总复习——八年级(下)Units 9～10
I. 词汇拓展
fox n.狐狸 →foxes pl.
society n.社会 →social adj.社会的
peace n.和平 →peaceful adj.和平的；安宁的
India n.印度 →Indian adj.印度的 →Indian n.印度人
Japan n.日本 →Japanese n.日本人；日语 →Japanese adj.日本(人)的；日语的
scarf n.围巾；披巾；头巾 →scarves/scarfs pl.
memory n.记忆；回忆 →memorize v.记忆；记住
own v.拥有 →owner n.物主；主人
believe v.相信；认为有可能 →believable adj.可信的 →unbelievable adj.难以置信的；不真实的 →belief n.相信；信仰
collect v.收集；采集 →collection n.收集物；收藏品 →collector n.收集者；收藏家
make v.使成为；制造 →made(过去式/过去分词) →maker n.生产者；制订者
hold v.拥有；抓住 →held(过去式/过去分词)
rapid adj.迅速的；快速的 →rapidly adv.迅速地；快速地
usual adj.通常的；寻常的 →unusual adj.特别的；不寻常的 →usually adv.通常地；一般地
German adj.德国的；德语的；德国人的；n.德语；德国人 →Germans pl. 德国人 →Germany n.德国
safe adj.安全的；无危险的 →safety n.安全；安全性 →safely adj.安全地
simple adj.简单的；易做的 →simply adv.仅仅；只；不过
most adj.大多数 →mostly adv.主要地；通常
soft adj.软的；柔软的 →softly adv.轻轻地；轻柔地
certain adj.某种；肯定的；无疑的 →certainly adv.无疑；肯定；当然；行
honest adj.诚实的；老实的 →dishonest adj.不老实的；不诚实的 →honesty n.诚实
truth n.实情；事实 →truthful adj.诚实的；真实的 →true adj.真正的；真实的
especial adj.特别的 →especially adv.尤其；特别；格外
encourage v.鼓励 →encouragement n.鼓励
invent v.发明；创造 →invention n.发明；发明物
clear v.清理；清除 →clear adj.清楚易懂的；晴朗的 →clearly adv.清楚地；清晰地；明白地
II. 重点短语
a couple of 几个；一对；两个
thousands of 数以千计的；许许多多的
on the one hand…on the other hand… 一方面……另一方面……
all year round 全年
in need 在困难中
check out 观察；察看
clear out 清理；丢掉
have been to 去过
no longer 不再；不复
part with 放弃、交出(尤指不舍得的东西)
as for 至于；关于
to be honest 说实在的
for a while 一会儿；一段时间
do with 处理
search for 搜索
according to 依据；按照
junior high school初级中学
amusement park 游乐场
tea art 茶艺
tea set 茶具
yard sale 庭院拍卖会
bread maker 面包机
soft toy 软体玩具;布绒玩具
board game 棋类游戏
close to 几乎;接近
look up (在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅;抬头看
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事
hear of 听说
three quarters of... 四分之三的……
have problems doing sth. 做某事有困难
stay the same 保持原状
III. 重点句型
Have you ever been to a science museum 你曾经去过科学博物馆吗
It's unbelievable that technology has progressed in such rapid way! 技术发展得这么迅速实在是令人难以置信!
So you can choose to go whenever you like—spring, summer, autumn or winter. 所以你可以选择春、夏、秋、冬任何你喜欢的时候去。
Our hometown has given us so many great memories. 家乡给了我们许多美好的回忆。
Because I've had it since I was a baby. 因为我还是个婴儿的时候就拥有它了。
Amy wants to keep her old things because they bring back sweet memories. 艾米想保留她的旧东西，因为它们带给她甜蜜的回忆。
IV. 语法聚焦
1．现在完成时(含been，ever和never) 2．现在完成时(含since，for)
V. 知识点解析
encourage的用法
【名师解析】
变形：encourage v.→encouragement n.鼓励;鼓舞;激励
Parents should encourage children to do things by themselves. 父母应该鼓励孩子独立做事。
The young should be encouraged to read more books. 青少年应当被鼓励多读书。
【对点导练】
1．I often encourage myself____________(behave) better in both my life and study.
2．When I failed, he always encouraged me_____________(try) again.
3．Everyone in our class ______________(encourage) to take an active part in school activities.
辨析whether与if
【名师解析】
词汇 含义 用法 例句
whether 不管……(还是);或者……(或者) 引导让步状语从句 Whether we're successful or not, we can be sure that we do our best.
if 如果 引导条件状语从句 If it doesn't rain tomorrow, we'll have a picnic.
共同点 均表示“是否” 均可引导宾语从句 I want to know whether/if he lives there.
【拓展】表示“是否”时, 只能用 whether 的情况: ①和 or not 连用时; ②在介词之后; ③在不定式前面
【对点导练】
whether, if
1．Emma is not sure__________ she can arrive here on time.
2．____________you can finish it on time or not, please let me know.
consider 的用法
【名师解析】
I'm considering going abroad some day. 我在考虑有一天能出国。
Let's consider how to deal with this problem. 让我们来思考一下怎样处理这个问题。
My mother considers that I should play the violin every day. 妈妈认为我应该每天拉小提琴。
He is considered to be our leader. 他被当作是我们的领导。
She considered John as a bad student. 她认为约翰是个差生。
【对点导练】
1．Why not consider___________(visit) Paris？It is the most fascinating city in the world.
2．We all consider Mr. Liu __________ a good teacher. He is friendly to us all the time.
3．Mr. Smith is considering ___________ (buy)a new car.
辨析have been to，have gone to与have been in
【名师解析】
have been to “曾去过某地(现在已经回来了)”，常与ever、never、twice等词连用
have gone to “到某地去了(还没有回来)”，即人不在说话现场。后接表示地点的副词there、here等时，介词to省略。
have been in “在某地多久了”，强调过去到现在一直待在某地，通常与一段时间连用。后接表示地点的副词there、here等时，介词in省略。
I have never been to a water park. 我从来都没有去过水上公园。
—Where's Kathy 凯西在哪里？ —She's gone to Shanghai. 她去上海了。
He has been in Beijing for ten years. 他在北京10年了。
【对点导练】
have been to, have gone to, have been in
1．Mr. Green_____________ this city for three years.
2．I_____________ Hong Kong twice and it is really an amazing city.
3．Lisa_____________ the park for two hours，and I think she will be back soon.
4．—Where is Mr. Wang
—He together with his students _____________ Zhuyuwan Park.
5．I went to Tibet last year, but I _________ never __________ Qinghai.
I've had this bike for three years. 这辆自行车我已经买了三年了。
【名师解析】since和for都可以与现在完成时连用，用法区别如下：
单词 词性 含义 用法
since 介词 连词 自……以来 since +过去时间点(具体的年、月、日、钟点等)
since +一段时间+ago
since +从句(用一般过去时说明动作的起始时间)
for 介词 表示一段时间 for +一段时间(谓语动词用延续性动词，说明某种情况已持续一段时间)
I have lived here since 2008. 自从2008年我就住在这儿了。
Miss White has taught English since 10 years ago. =Miss White has taught English for 10 years. 怀特女士教英语已经有十年了。
Great changes have taken place since you left. 自从你走后，这里发生了很大的变化。
【拓展】
1．用how long对since/for表示的时间进行提问。
—How long have you been here？你在这儿待多久了？
—I've been here since three days ago/for three days. 我在这儿待了三天了。
2．与“for＋时间段”连用的动词须为延续性动词，若是非延续性动词，则要转换成与之对应的延续性动词。
I bought this bike two years ago. =I have had this bike for two years. 我两年前买的这辆自行车。
3．并非有“for＋时间段”作状语的句子都用现在完成时。
I'm going away for a few days. 我要离开几天。
【对点导练】用for或 since填空。
1．—How long have you had this cell phone，Sally
—I've had it ________ two years. It helps me a lot.
2．—Many people have been back to their work _________ March 5th.
—Cities are brought back to life.
3．I have been an English teacher _________ I graduated from the university in 2018.
4．My grandfather has lived in that city _________ he was born.
5．Miss Bess has been teaching chemistry in that school ________ over ten years.
It's really interesting，isn't it？它真的是有趣的，对吗？
【名师解析】这是一个反意疑问句。反意疑问句通常由两部分构成：前一部分用陈述句形式，后一部分是一个附在前一部分上的简单疑问句。如：
You are a student, aren't you？你是个学生，对吗？
反意疑问句前后两部分的人称和时态要一致。如：
John doesn't like watching TV, does he？约翰不喜欢看电视，是吗？
回答反意疑问句时要根据实际情况，且前后要一致。如：
—He is an engineer, isn't he？他是一个工程师，难道不是吗？
—Yes, he is./No, he isn't.不，他是。/是，他不是。
【知识拓展】
(1)陈述部分是否定的，疑问部分是肯定的。当陈述部分的谓语动词是否定形式时，疑问部分是肯定形式。如：
She didn't find her book，did she？她没有找到她的书，对吗？
(2)当陈述部分含有nothing，nobody，never，hardly等表示否定意义的词时，疑问部分是肯定的。如：
You've never been to Paris，have you？你从未去过巴黎，是吗？
【对点导练】
——张一山不是一个演员，是吗？
——是的，他不是。
——不是的，他是一个演员。
—Zhang Yishan__________ an actor，is he
—________，he_________．
—________，he _________．
VI. 课堂反馈
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．—Amy，can you lend me your ___________(照相机；摄影机；摄像机)tomorrow
—No problem.
2．We've all learnt to be fairly __________(诚实的；真实的)about our personal lives.
3．Mike often __________(收集)stamps and plays basketball in his spare time.
4．I have two __________(围巾；披巾；头巾).One is yellow and the other is red.
5．The Lin family，living in the bicycle shop __________(在……对面)our house，had an even harder life.
6．The lovely rabbits on these stamps remind me of my sweet__________(童年).
7．—Where can we go for our trip
—Why not __________(仔细考虑)going to London
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．The young woman gives me the __________(sweet)smile I've ever seen.
2．Let's go to the zoo to watch monkeys, tigers, _________(fox)and other animals.
3．The bird swallowed Tim's diamond and then ran around and mixed_________(it)with the others in no time.
4．It was an_________(believable)moment when Chris won the gold medal.
5．The topic of cooking was discussed__________(most)by parents and students.
6．Don't get on the bus before___________(count)the total number of your team members.
三、教材语篇回顾。
Have you ever been to Singapore？Singapore is a 1.__________(精彩的；绝妙的)place to take a holiday for Chinese tourists. It is in 2._________(东南的)Asia. More than three quarters of the 3.__________(人口；人口数量)are Chinese. So you can 4._________(仅；只)speak Putonghua a lot of the time. Singapore is an English－speaking country, so it's also a good place to 5._________(练习)your English!
Most large cities have zoos, but have you ever been to a zoo at night Singapore has such an 6.__________(特别的；不寻常的)night zoo called the “Night Safari”. At the Night Safari, you can watch these animals in a more natural 7._________(环境)than a normal zoo.
One great thing about Singapore is that the 8._________(气温)is almost the same all year round. This is because the 9._________(岛屿)is so close to the equator. So you can choose to go 10.__________(无论何时)you like. And, of course, it's not too far from China!
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Have you heard of a garage sale(旧货出售)？It is also known 1.________ a yard sale. It's the sale of used and unwanted things.
The best time to have a garage sale 2._________(be)on the weekend. Sunday is the best day.
Many families enjoy 3.__________(leave)for garage sales on Sunday.
The sale should start in the morning. Most people will be ready 4._________(go)very early. Some people may come to 5._________(you)house before the time. It often starts at 8：00 6._______ 9：00 in the morning and finishes at around 11：00 or 12：00.
Almost anything will 7._________(sell)at a garage sale. It may include old books, tapes, and toys. It may also include bikes, tables and even boats and cars. Some things that usually sell well are tools, musical 8._________(record), CDs, tapes and books. Clothing is also 9.________big seller. You should wash any clothes you want to sell. The better it is, the 10.__________(high)price you will get.中考总复习——八年级(下)Units 3～4
I. 词汇拓展
cloud n.云；云朵 →cloudy adj.多云的
sweep v.扫；打扫 →swept (过去式/过去分词)
throw v.扔；掷 →threw (过去式) →thrown (过去分词)
lend v.借给；借出 →lent (过去式/过去分词)
develop v.发展；壮大 →development n.发展；发育；成长 →developing adj.发展中的 →developed adj.发达的；高度发展的
drop v.落下；掉下 →dropped (过去式/过去分词)
deal v.处理；应付n.协议；大量 →dealt(过去式/过去分词)
argue v.争论；争吵 →argument n.争论；争吵
communicate v.交流；沟通 →communication n.交流；沟通
explain v.解释；说明 →explanation n.解释；说明
compete v.竞争；对抗 →competition n.比赛；竞赛；竞争 →competitor n.竞争者
ill adj.有病；不舒服 →illness n.疾病；病
fair adj.合理的；公正的 →fairness n.公正性；合理性 →unfair adj.不合理的；不公正的
proper adj.正确的；恰当的 →properly adv.正确地；恰当地
clear adj.清楚易懂的；晴朗的 →clearly adv.清楚地；清晰地；明白地
quick adj.快的；迅速的 →quickly adv.快地；迅速地
usual adj.通常的；寻常的 →unusual adj.不寻常的；与众不同的 →usually adv.通常地；一般地
typical adj.典型的 →typically adv. 典型地
old adj.年老的 →elder adj.年纪较长的
neighbor n.邻居 →neighborhood n.街区；街坊
II. 重点短语
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾
big deal 重要的事
all the time 频繁；反复
as soon as 一……就……；尽快
in order to 目的是；为了
depend on 依靠；依赖
take care of 照顾；处理
what’s wrong 哪儿不舒服;怎么了
do chores 做家务
fall ill 患病
look through 快速查看；浏览
work out 成功地发展；解决
get on (well) with 和睦相处；关系良好
cut out 删除；删去
compare…with 比较；对比
in one's opinion 依……看
go out for dinner 出去吃饭
get a ride 搭车
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
come over 过来;顺便来访
take the dog for a walk 遛狗
work all day 整天工作
in surprise 惊讶地
pass sb. sth. /pass sth. to sb. 递给某人某物
lend sb. sth. /lend sth. to sb. 借给某人某物
a waste of time 浪费时间
spend time on sth. 把时间花在某事上
offer sb. sth. /offer sth. to sb. 提供某人某物
as a result 结果是
allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
offer to help 主动提供帮助
communicate with sb. 和某人交流
turn down the TV 把电视音量调低
III. 重点句型
I think it is important for children to learn how to do chores and help their parents with housework. 我认为对孩子来说，学习如何做家务以及帮助父母料理家务是很重要的。
The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来就越好。
Doing chores helps to develop children's independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做家务有助于培养孩子的独立性并教会他们如何照顾自己。
My problem is that I can't get on with my family. 我的问题是我不能和家人友好相处。
Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication. 或许你可以在家里多做些家务，这样他们就有更多的时间进行适当的交流。
IV. 语法聚焦
1．“Why don't you…？”句型 2．连词(until，so that和although)
V. 知识点解析
辨析borrow，lend与keep
【名师解析】
词汇 含义 用法
borrow 借(进) borrow sth. from sb./borrow one's sth. 向某人借某物
lend 借(出) lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 借给某人某物
keep 保存;引申为“借用” “sb. keep sth. for +一段时间”表示某人借某物多长时间, 常用how long 对其提问
return 归还;返回 return sth. to sb. 意为“把某物归还给某人”, 相当于 give back
注意: borrow和lend都是非延续性动词, 不能与一段时间以及 how long 连用
I borrowed a pen from her. 我向她借了一支钢笔。
Could you lend me your bike？你能借我你的自行车吗？
—How long can I keep the book？这本书我能借多久？
—You can keep it for a week. 你可以借一个星期。
【对点导练】
1.
(1) Cindy __________ some books from the library before she started her research.
(2)—How long may I __________your magazine
—For one week. But it mustn't __________ to others.
2．填入适当的介词。
(1) Gina borrowed the book __________ me a few days ago.
(2) Thank you for lending this book ________ me.
辨析provide，offer与give
【名师解析】
词汇 含义 用法
give 为普通意义上的“给予” give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. 给某人某物
provide 强调有远见的“提供;供应” provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb.为某人提供某物
offer 强调“主动提出;自愿给予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物 offer to do sth. 主动要求做某事
Uncle Wang offered me a job, but I didn't accept it. 王叔叔给我提供了一份工作，但我没有接受。
The school only provides lunch for teachers and students. 学校只向师生提供午餐。
We gave her some flowers for her birthday. 我们送了她一些花来庆祝她的生日。
【对点导练】
provide，offer，give
1．Paul _________ a helping hand to me，so I got an A in the math test.
2．In summer，shops often __________ cleaners with free water.
3．Can you _________ me another chance？I don't want to give it up so early.
allow的用法
【名师解析】allow作动词，意为“允许；准许”。其常见用法如下：
My mother allows me to play for only 30 minutes a day. 我妈妈一天只允许我玩30分钟。
Am I allowed to use this typewriter？我能用一下这台打字机吗？
He allows smoking here. 他允许在这儿吸烟。
【对点导练】
1．My parents don't allow me __________(go) out at night.
2．Look at the sign! Parking is not ___________(allow) here.
3．They don't allow ___________(talk) loudly in the library.
辨析deal with与do with
【名师解析】
短语 含义 用法 例句
deal with 处理；应付 强调处理的方式、方法，常与how连用。 Mr. Green taught me how to deal with pressure. 格林先生教会我如何应对压力。
do with 处理；安置 强调处理的对象，常与what连用。 I don't know what to do with these old clothes.我不知道如何处理这些旧衣服。
【对点导练】
1．She doesn't know__________ to deal with the troubles.
2．The mother really doesn't know __________ to do with her sick son.
do with，deal with
3．How should we ____________ these math problems
4．The mother really doesn't know what to _____________ her naughty son.
compare的用法
【名师解析】
短语 含义及用法 例句
compare...with... 把……和……比较(常用于同类相比) Compare your answers with those，and you will see if they are right. 把你的答案和那些对照一下，你就知道它们是否正确。
compare...to... 把……比作……(常用于异类相比) Shakespeare compared the world to a stage. 莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
注意：compare放在句首作状语时，表被动要用compared，表示主动要用comparing。如：
Compared with many people，she is really lucky. 和许多人相比，她真的很幸运。
Comparing this book with that one，she found that one is better. 把这本书和那本书作比较，她发现那本书比较好。
【对点导练】
1．People should know that ___________(compare) their kid with other children is not good for the kid’s development.
2．填入适当的介词。
(1)Compared ________ air pollution, water pollution is a bigger environmental problem here.
(2)For a long time，people like to compare the teachers ________ the candles.
辨析instead, instead of与rather than
【名师解析】
词组 词性 用法
instead 副词 意为“代替;反而;却”, 修饰整个句子位于句首或句末
instead of 介词短语 意为“代替;而不是”, 后面跟名词、代词、介词短语或动词-ing形式
rather than 连词短语 意为“而不是”, 连接两个并列结构, 如果连接 to do, to可省去
Ann said nothing. She began to cry instead. 安什么也没说，反而开始哭起来。
Mary's uncle is leaving for Russia instead of Japan.玛丽的叔叔要动身前往俄罗斯而不是日本。
【对点导练】
instead of，instead
1．Do you take your own cloth bag when shopping ___________using plastic bags
2．The boy doesn’t like swimming, so he decides to play football ___________.
3．It will be sunny tomorrow, and I will ride my bike __________ taking the bus.
4．Tom doesn’t study hard. ________, he plays the drums all day.
辨析ill与sick
【名师解析】
词汇 用法
ill 作形容词，意为“有病的;不舒服的”，只能作表语。
sick 作形容词，意为“生病的;有病的”,既可作表语，又可作定语。sick 还有“恶心的;厌倦的”之意。
Stop eating junk food, or you’ll be ill/sick. 别再吃垃圾食品了,否则你会得病的。
She'll visit her sick mother after school. 放学后她要去看望生病的妈妈。
【对点导练】
1．完成句子
I ______________(感到不舒服), so I didn't go to school.
2．从括号中选择恰当的词填空
Mrs. White is worrying about her ___________(ill/sick) baby.
I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我认为对你来说两个小时的看电视时间足够了。
【名师解析】
【对点导练】翻译句子。
1．尽管我有时候被惩罚，我认为这使得我成为一个更好的人。
______ ______ I was sometimes punished, ______ _______ it has made me a better person.
2．我觉得学会勇敢面对困难对他们来说十分重要。
______ ______ _______ ______ ______ ________ _______ ______ _______ learn to face the difficulty bravely.
3．依我看，每个人都应该懂点科学。
______ ______ _______, everyone _______ have some understanding of science.
For one week，she did not do any housework and neither did I．一周来，她没有做任何家务，我也没有做。
【名师解析】“neither did I”意为“我也没有”，该结构为 neither引导的否定倒装句。其构成为“neither/nor＋be动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”，表示前者的否定情况也适用于后者。如：
—Tom can't play the piano at all. 汤姆根本不会弹钢琴。
—Neither can I. 我也不会。
拓展：(1) “so＋be动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”意为“也是如此”。“so＋be动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”，是“neither＋be动词/情态动词/助动词＋主语”的肯定形式，表示前面提到的肯定情况也同样适合另外一个主体，意为“某某也一样”。如：
—Tom is good at swimming. 汤姆擅长游泳。
—So am I．我也是。
(2) “so＋主语＋be动词/情态动词/助动词”意为“的确如此”。如果只是重复前面一句话的意思表示赞同，主语指同一个人或物，则不需要倒装，直接用“so＋主语＋be动词/情态动词/助动词”，意思是“的确如此”。如：
—He is a clever boy. 他是个聪明的男孩。
—So he is. 的确如此。
【对点导练】
( )1. If you don't want to go out for dinner，______.
A．so do I B．so will I C．neither do I D．neither will I
( )2. —I don't have much money to buy this dress.
—______．
A．Neither do I B．Neither I do C．So do I D．So I do
3．—I don’t like talk shows.
—______________________. 我也不喜欢。
4．—My grandma is used to living in the city.
—______________________. 我爷爷也是。
My mom came over as soon as I sat down in front of the TV. 我一坐在电视前，妈妈就走过来。
【名师解析】as soon as副词短语，意为“一……就…”，强调两个动作几乎是连在一起的，后接从句。
当主句是一般将来时时，as soon as引导的状语从句应用一般现在时。如：
We'll go to play basketball as soon as the rain stops tomorrow.明天雨一停我们就出去打篮球。
as soon as possible=as soon as sb. can/could尽快
【对点导练】
1．He _________(call) you as soon as he ________(get) home. Please don't worry.
2．They will send you an e-mail as soon as the boss _________(reply)in writing.
VI. 课堂反馈
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．The _________(地板) is covered with a Hello Kitty－themed carpet(地毯).
2．Don't _________(浪费) food. You should eat up the food on the plate.
3．The little girl used to feel _________(焦虑的) when speaking in public.
4．Before __________(扔) away anything, you should always think whether it can be reused or not.
5．A few months ago, my parents often __________(争吵；争论) with each other. Luckily, the relations between them have become better now.
6．Last year our__________(邻居) often talked about our faults because most of the time we shouted too loudly and made them annoyed.
7．It has been three years _________(自……以来；从……以后) I came here.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．Students _________ (usual) listen to the teachers' advice and act on it.
2．After breakfast, Gina __________(sweep) the floor and washed all her clothes.
3．As one of the __________(member) of a pop group, Gill had lived a busy life but the farm gave him a way to relax.
4．People in different countries have different __________(opinion) when it comes to hugging.
5．Our teacher has already __________(explain) the rules of the library to us.
6．Mr. Liu often encourages us ____________ (communicate) with others in English.
三、教材语篇回顾。
Dear Mr. Hunt， My problem is that I can't get on well with my family. 1.__________(关系；交往) between my parents have become difficult. They fight a lot, and I really 2._________ (厌恶；讨厌) it. It's the only communication they have. I don't know if I should say anything to them about this. When they argue, it's like a big, black cloud 3.__________(悬挂) over our home. Also, my 4.__________(年纪较长的) brother is not very nice to me. He always refuses to let me watch my favorite TV show 5._________(而；然而) he watches whatever he wants until late at night. I don't think this is 6._________(合理的；公平的). At home I always feel lonely and stressful. Is that usual？What can I do？ Sad and Thirteen
Dear Sad and Thirteen， It's not easy being your age, and it's 7._________(正常的) to have these feelings. If your parents are having problems, you should 8.__________(主动提出；自愿给予) to help. Maybe you could do more jobs around the house so that they have more time for proper communication. 9.__________(第二；其次), why don't you sit down and communicate with your brother？You should tell him that you don't mind him 10.__________(观看) TV all the time. However, he should let you watch your favorite show. I hope things will be better for you soon. Robert Hunt
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
A study of British teenagers has found that most of them have never done any chores.
Dr. Sheila Green is one of the 1.___________(writer) of the study. “This information is very 2.___________(surprise),” she says. “Real jobs in the real world will be very difficult for teenagers.”
Dan Sparks，from the parents' website .，3.__________(disagree)，“Young people today work very hard—harder than their parents，sometimes. Many of 4.___________(they)have to do three hours of homework every night. A lot of time can 5.__________(spend)on playing in a sports team or learning a musical instrument. And these activities are 6.___________ important part of teenagers' lives. If we want young people to have good exam results and also some interests outside school，we mustn't ask them 7.___________(do)chores.”
Linda Fiorelli，the writer of The Happy Home, thinks very 8.___________(different), “It's about respect，not time. Even my five－year－old son has to lay the table every day. 9.___________ it takes one minute，it's important. Children share the house 10.__________ their parents, so they must share the jobs around the house, too. That's fair and it teaches children good habits for the future.”中考总复习——八年级(下)Units 5～6
I. 词汇拓展
wife n.妻子；太太 →wives pl.
wind n.风 →windy adj.多风的
wood n.木；木头 →wooden adj.木制的；木头的
ice n.冰 →icy adj.覆盖着冰的；冰冷的
silence n.沉默；缄默；无声 →silent adj.不说话的；沉默的 →silently adv.沉默地
west n.西；西方 →Western adj.西方国家的；(尤指)欧美的；西方的(w可以小写)
gold n.金子；金币 →golden adj.金质的；金的；金色的
begin v.开始 →began(过去式) →begun(过去分词) → beginning n.开头；开端
report v.& n.报道；公布 →reporter n.记者
beat v.敲打；打败 →beat(过去式) →beaten(过去分词)
sleep n.&v.睡觉 →asleep adj.睡着 →sleepy adj.困倦的；瞌睡的
rise v.& n.升起；增加；提高 →rose(过去式) →risen(过去分词)
fall v.倒塌；跌倒；掉落 →fell(过去式) →fallen(过去分词)
shoot v.射击；发射 →shot(过去式/过去分词)
hide v.隐藏；隐蔽 →hid(过去式) →hidden(过去分词)
excite v.使激动；使兴奋 →excited adj.激动的；兴奋的 →exciting adj.使人兴奋的；令人激动的 →excitement n.激动；兴奋
shine v.发光；照耀 →shone(过去式/过去分词)
lead v.带路；领路 →led(过去式/过去分词) →leader n.领导；领袖
heavy adj.重的 →heavily adv.在很大程度上；大量地
sudden adj.突然的 →suddenly adv.突然；忽然
complete adj.彻底的；完全的v.完成 →completely adv.彻底地；完全地
recent adj.最近的 →recently adv.不久前；最近
true adj.真的；符合事实的 →truth n.实情；事实 →truly adv.真正地；确实
magic adj.有魔力的；有神奇力量的 →magician n.魔术师
brave adj.勇敢的；无畏的 →bravely adv.勇敢地；无畏地
weak adj.虚弱的；无力的 →weakness n.软弱；弱点
marry v.结婚 →married (过去式/过去分词) →married adj.已婚的
II. 重点短语
go off (闹钟)发出响声
pick up 接电话
get married 结婚
wake up 醒来
fall asleep 进入梦乡；睡着
die down 逐渐变弱；逐渐消失
in a mess 凌乱无序；乱糟糟
make one's way 前往；费力地前进
take down 拆除；往下拽；记录
in silence 沉默；无声
at first 首先；最初
take away 移开；拿走
a little bit 有点儿；稍微
instead of 代替；反而
turn…into 变成
once upon a time 从前
come out 出版；出现；盛开
fall in love 爱上；喜欢上
have a look 看一看
hear sb. doing sth. 听到某人正在做某事
in the moonlight 在月光下
make sure 确保;查明
be in bad shape 变形
be completely shocked 完全震惊
III. 重点句型
He was reading in the library when the rainstorm came. 暴风雨来的时候他在图书馆看书。
Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. 尽管暴风雨使很多东西支离破碎，但它使家人和邻居之间关系更紧密了
But unless he can hide his tail, he cannot turn himself into a man. 但是如果他不能把尾巴藏起来，他就不能把自己变成人。
One year, the weather was so dry that no food would grow. 有一年,天气太干旱了,以至于粮食颗粒不长
It was the happiest day of my life. 那是我一生中最快乐的日子。
This was a day Kate Smith will never forget. 这是凯特 史密斯永远不会忘记的一天。
IV. 语法聚焦
1．连词when和while引导的时间状语从句 2．过去进行时 3．连词(unless，as soon as，so…that)
V. 知识点解析
marry 的用法
【名师解析】marry作动词，意为“结婚；嫁；娶”。常见用法有：
Lisa married a doctor. 莉萨和一位医生结了婚。
Mr. White married his daughter to a teacher. 怀特先生把他的女儿嫁给了一个老师。
Alice and David got married two years ago. 爱丽丝和戴维两年前结婚了。
【注意】be married表示状态，可以和 for，since引导的时间状语连用；get married表示瞬间动作，不可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。两个短语都可以和介词to连用(不和介词with连用)。
【对点导练】
1．Miss Louis looks so young. However，she _____________(结婚) for fifteen years so far.
2．We didn't even know that he got ___________(marry) three months ago. It's really shocking news.
3．Thomas has been married _________ Kate for two years，and they have had a child.(填入适当的介词)
4．—When did you __________(结婚), Mary
—Last year.
辨析noise，voice与sound
【名师解析】
单词 用法 例句
noise noise“噪音；吵闹声”，常具有贬义，表示令人心烦的、不和谐的嘈杂声、噪音、响声。可以用a，some，any，much等词修饰 The noise of traffic kept him awake.车辆的喧闹声使他睡不着。
voice voice“嗓音”，用于人时，指说话、唱歌或发笑的声音。用于其他方面时，常表示悦耳之声，如鸟叫声、乐器声等。常用短语：in a low voice 小声地；in a loud voice大声地 The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。
sound sound泛指一切声响，指一切可以听到的声音 At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里他听到了一种奇怪的声音。
【对点导练】
sound, noise, voice
1．The _________from next door made me fail to fall asleep last night.
2．He has a sweet __________．No wonder he has got so many prizes in singing competitions.
3．You can enjoy the __________of the nature if you live in this hotel.
4．I didn't recognize John's __________on the telephone.
5．I couldn't stand the___________. I was awake all night.
6．Listen, the birds are singing in the tree. The _________ is so beautiful.
remind的用法
【名师解析】remind作动词，意为“提醒；使想起”，后常接名词或代词作宾语，常用于以下结构中：
Please remind me to post these letters. 请提醒我寄这些信。
That song reminds me of my father. 那首歌使我想起我的父亲。
I always remind myself that time wait for no man. 我总是提醒自己时光不等人。
【对点导练】
1．Please remind your sister __________(bring) the ticket for the concert.
2．These old photos remind me _________ those happy days.
辨析asleep，sleeping，sleepy与sleep
【名师解析】
词汇 用法
asleep 作形容词，意为“睡着的”,常用作表语或宾语补足语, 强调状态。常用短语为be/fall asleep (睡着)。
sleeping 意为“正在睡觉的;供睡觉用的”,作定语或用于进行时态。
sleepy 作形容词，意为“困倦的;瞌睡的”,可用作表语、定语、宾语补足语。常用短语为feel sleepy (感到困倦的)
sleep 作动词时,意为“睡觉;入睡”,指睡觉的动作。作名词时,意为“睡觉”,常用短语为 go to sleep (开始睡觉;入睡)。
The teacher is sleeping. He was sleepy just now and he was asleep as soon as he lay down. 老师正在睡觉。他刚才很困，一躺下就睡着了。
I couldn't sleep well. 我睡不好。
【对点导练】用sleep的各种形式填空。
1．He felt very ___________．
2．He fell ___________as soon as he went to bed.
3．He was _________when I called him.
4．He __________very well last night.
5．After a good __________，he looks energetic today.
6．—Please turn off the TV. The baby _______________.
—OK. I’ll go out for a walk.
7．All the family moved around quietly so as not to wake up the __________ baby.
against的用法
【名师解析】
We're playing against the league champions next week. 下周我们要和联赛冠军队比赛。
She leaned against the wall. 她倚靠着墙。
The purpose of this passage is to give reasons for and against colonizing space. 这篇文章的目的是给出支持和反对殖民空间的理由。
pick up的用法
【名师解析】pick up“动词＋副词”短语，意为“接电话”。如：
Why didn't you pick your father up yesterday afternoon？昨天下午为什么你没有接你爸爸的电话？
【特别提示】pick up还有以下几种用法：
(1)pick up意为“拾起；捡起；拿起”。
(2)pick up意为“(尤指偶然地、无意地、容易地)获得；找到；学会；买到”。
(3)pick up意为“让人乘车；搭载；（开车）接人”。
(4)pick up意为“接收（信号、声音、图像等）”。
【拓展】与up有关的常见短语
【对点导练】
我七点钟给你打电话，但是你没接。
I called at seven and you didn't __________ __________．
辨析whole与all
【名师解析】
词汇 用法 例句
whole 用来修饰可数名词（名词用单数），强调一个完整如一、互不侵害的整体。whole在句中的位置是放在所有格、冠词和指示代词后。 I really want to know the whole story. 我真的很想知道整个故事。
all 既能修饰可数名词（名词用复数），又能修饰不可数名词，强调由一个个部分组成的“全部”。all在句中的位置是放在所有格、定冠词和指示代词之前。 Miss Green knew all the students in the class.格林小姐认识这个班上的所有学生。
【对点导练】
1．他们将到加拿大度过整个假期。
They will spend their_________ holiday in Canada.
2．吉姆在一个小时之内完成了所有的作业。
Jim finished__________ his homework in an hour.
辨析suit与fit
【名师解析】 suit和fit都有“适合”之意，但用法却不同。
词汇 用法
suit 意为“适合”，指衣服、鞋等在颜色、款式、美观上的适合。
fit 意为“适合”，指衣服、鞋等在尺寸上的适合，强调大小合适。
The color/style of the shirt suits you best. 这件衬衫的颜色/款式最适合你。
The man doesn't suit our qualifications(条件). 这男的不符合我们的条件。
The shoes don't fit him, they're too big. 这鞋不适合他，它们太大了。
【对点导练】用suit或fit填空。
The color of the dress __________me well, but it doesn't __________ me. Please get me a larger size.
When is your birthday？你的生日是什么时候？
What were you doing when the rainstorm came？当暴风雨来的时候，你正在干什么？
【名师解析】
(1)when疑问副词，意为“什么时候；何时”。
(2)when连词，意为“当……时候”，引导时间状语从句。
若主句中用一般将来时，从句中用一般现在时表将来。
He was listening to English when the telephone rang.当电话响时，他正在听英语。
【知识拓展】while也是连词，也是“当……的时候”的意思，相当于during the time that，只能用于一段时间，引导时间状语从句时，从句中的谓语动词只能和主句同时发生，即动词只能用持续性动词。
when连词，意为“当……的时候”，相当于at the time that，指时间的一点，也可以指一段时间。引导时间状语从句时，从句的谓语动词既可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词。
【对点导练】
1．—你是什么时候离开你的家乡的？
—两年前。
—___________ did you leave your hometown
—Two years ago.
2．当他来时，我们正在吃晚饭。
We ___________ dinner ___________ he ___________．
3．当我爸爸回来时，我会告诉他这个消息。
_________my father _________back, ___________ tell him the news.
when，while
4．He was reading books _________there was a knock on the door.
5．Some students are studying hard __________some are playing outside.
VI. 课堂反馈
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．When the office had a power cut __________(突然；忽然), everyone shouted.
2．I must tell you the _________(实情；事实)about this business.
3．There's nothing quite like the shock of the __________(闹钟)going off in the morning.
4．It is __________(报道；公布)that there is going to be a football match this weekend.
5．If you __________(隐藏)something，you put it in a special place. Then people can't see or find it easily.
6．The guide knew the place well and he __________(带路；领路)us to the bank quickly.
二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。
1．Julia Watzek __________(recent)did some research on the problem－solving ability of both monkeys and humans.
2．Please open all the __________(window). It's too hot here.
3．During the one－week farm work program，students dug peanuts(花生), cut grass, swept _________(fall)leaves and did other farm work.
4．I couldn't fall _________(sleep)last night because of the exciting news.
5．You should go out for a walk instead of ___________(watch)TV at home.
6．Kyle's parents were __________(excite)to hear that Kyle wanted to help others and they helped him get in touch with Toys for Tots.
三、教材语篇回顾。
The Storm Brought People Closer Together
Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama. Black clouds were making the sky very dark. With no 1.________(光；光线；光亮), it felt like midnight. The news on TV said that a heavy rainstorm was in the 2._________(地域；地区).
Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Ben's dad was putting 3._________(块) of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put some candles and 4.__________(火柴) on the table.
Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to 5.__________(敲打) heavily against the windows. 6._________(在……以后) dinner，they tried to play a card game，but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening 7._________(在外面).
Ben could not sleep at first. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3：00 a.m. When he woke up, the sun was 8._________(升起). He left the house with his family and found the 9._________(全部的；整体的) neighborhood in a mess. Fallen trees，broken windows and rubbish were 10._________(到处；处处；各个地方). They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.
四、阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Long long ago，there lived a great man named Zun Nun. One day a young man came to visit him and asked 1._________(polite), “Please, sir. Why are great people like you dressed in such a poor way？”
After 2._________(give) his ring to the young man, he said, “I will answer your question, 3.________ first you must take this ring to the market and sell it for one gold coin.” Looking at 4.________ dirty ring, the young man said in surprise, “Could this ring 5._________(sell) at that price？” Then he went to the market. But no one wanted to pay a gold coin for such an ugly ring. 6.________ sad he felt！He went back and said sorry 7.________ Zun Nun. “Now go to the gold shop at the back of the street，and show it to the shopkeeper. Don't give your price，and just wait for him to tell you how much he would like 8.__________(pay).”
The young man went to the shop, 9.________(return) and said, “The people in the market don't know the value of this ring. The gold shopkeeper said he would pay one thousand gold 10._________(coin) for it.” “That's the answer to your question, my young friend. A person cannot be valued only from his or her dress.”
