考点05 形容词和副词 （核心考点精讲精练）
1. 高考真题考点分布
考点 题型 形容词和副词
年份 试卷类型 考点 考向
语法填空 2024 2024·新课标I卷 _57functional_ (function) 形容词
2024·新课标II卷 / /
2024·全国甲卷 69largest ( large ) 形容词的级
2024·年浙江1月 / /
2023 2023·新课标I卷 ____36_tasty___ (taste) ____44 rarely____ (rare) 形容词 副词
2023·新课标II卷 __43_Basically__ (basic) 副词
2023·全国乙卷 ___49 remarkable____ (remark) 形容词
2023·全国甲卷 ___47 Different___ (difference) 形容词
2023·年浙江1月 __57_ originally__ (original); __61_spacious__(space); 副词 形容词
2022 2022·新课标I卷 __eventually____ (eventual) 副词
2022·新课标II卷 ___38 aslpeep__ (sleep); _40accidentally__ (accidental ) 形容词 副词
2022·全国乙卷 / /
2022·全国甲卷 __meaningful__ (meaning) 形容词
2022·年浙江1月 ____roughly___（rough） 副词
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年新高考卷对于形容词和副词 考查共计14次，主要考查：
形容词和副词的句法功能；
形容词和副词的词性转换；
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级也是近几年高考考查的重点之一。
【备考策略】
1. 掌握形容词和副词的句法功能；
2. 掌握形容词和副词的词性转换基本规律；
3. 掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。
3.【命题预测】
2025年语法填空对形容词和副词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点，主要集中考查形容词和副词的词形转换，形容词的比较级和最高级以及其相关句型用法。
必备基础知识：
形容词主要作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，可以用来修饰名词、代词等，也可以单独使用。对应单词为adjective，缩写为adj.，常翻译为“......的”，位置可以是在名词前，也可以在代词之后或系动词之后等。形式上除了本身为形容词的，常见还有会加前缀a-及后缀-y/-ful/-al/-en/-ent/-ive/-ish/-ous/-ly等的形容词以及一词多性的形容词。
副词主要是作状语、表语、宾语补足语等的作用，对应单词为adverb，缩写为adv.，常翻译为“......地”或“得.....”，形式上除了本身是副词外，多以-ly后缀结尾或形副同形的。根据作用，副词常分为时间副词、地点副词、程度副词、关系副词、疑问副词、方式副词、频度副词等。
考点一 形容词的构成与句法功能
一、形容词的构词规律
类别 例词
词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy
词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited
词尾加 ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening
词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless
词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable
词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous
词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different
词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional
词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely
词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen
其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等)
动词词尾加 ive/ ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective
二.词形转换的具体总结
形容词后缀
1．形容词后缀-able
(1)能……的；可……的
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
afford→affordable 负担得起的
rely→reliable 可信赖的，可依靠的
change→changeable 易变的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
believe→believable 可相信的
(2)具有……的特点
enjoy→enjoyable 令人愉快的
suit→suitable 合适的
comfort→comfortable 舒适的
fashion→fashionable 时髦的
reason→reasonable 合理的
value→valuable 有价值的
knowledge→knowledgeable 有丰富知识的，博学的
2．形容词后缀-ful/-less
cheer→cheerful 兴高采烈的
doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
thought→thoughtful 周到的；深思的
peace→peaceful 和平的
success→successful 成功的
regret→regretful 后悔的
harm→harmful 有害的→harmless 无害的
help→helpful 有帮助的→helpless 无助的；无能的
hope→hopeful 有希望的→hopeless 绝望的
use→useful 有用的→useless 无用的；无效的
power→powerful 强有力的→powerless 无力的
meaning→meaningful 有意义的→meaningless 无意义的
3．形容词后缀-ive/-ative
act→active 积极的；活跃的
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
create→creative 创造性的
progress→progressive 进步的
talk→talkative 健谈的（别忘了字母a）
effect→effective 有效的
4．形容词后缀-ous（ous还是ious一定要记清楚）
continue→continuous 不断的；持续的
anxiety→anxious 忧虑的
caution→cautious 小心的；谨慎的
curiosity→curious 好奇的
danger→dangerous 危险的
humor→humorous 幽默的
mountain→mountainous 多山的
poison→poisonous 有毒的
ambition→ambitious 有野心的
religion→religious 宗教的
space→spacious 宽敞的；广阔的
5．形容词后缀-ble/-ible
horror→horrible 可怕的；恐怖的
terror→terrible 可怕的；糟糕的
vision→visible 看得见的
access→accessible 容易达到的；容易取得的
6．形容词后缀-y
fog→foggy 多雾的
taste→tasty 美味的；可口的
luck→lucky 幸运的
health→healthy 健康的
dirt→dirty 有灰尘的；脏的
greed→greedy 贪婪的
sun→sunny 阳光明媚的
wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的
7．形容词后缀-al/-ial
culture→cultural 文化的
agriculture→agricultural 农业的
practice→practical 实际的
music→musical 音乐的
origin→original 最初的
person→personal 个人的；私人的
center→central 中央的；中心的
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
tradition→traditional 传统的
option→optional 可选择的，选修的
profession→professional 专业的；职业的
benefit→beneficial 有益的
face→facial 面部的（看起来很简单但很容易错）
industry→industrial 工业的
finance→financial 金融的
8．形容词后缀-ic
science→scientific 科学的
economy→economic 经济的
history→historic 历史上著名的
history→historical 具有重大历史意义的
energy→energetic 精力充沛的
class→classic 经典的
9．形容词后缀-en
wood→wooden 木制的
gold→golden 金色的
wool→wool(l)en 羊毛的
10．形容词后缀-ly
dead→deadly 致命的
live→lively 活跃的
friend→friendly 友好的
year→yearly 每年的
month→monthly 每月的
week→weekly 每周的
day→daily 每日的；日常的
cost→costly 昂贵的
order→orderly 有次序的
三. 形容词的功能
在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。
一般情况下，单个的形容词作定语放在被修饰的词之后，形容词短语放在被修饰的词之前。
He is the only man alive in the village after the earthquake.地震后他是那个村子里唯一活着的人。
It is a problem difficult to solve.这是个难以解决的问题。
■名师点津
(1)形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
Light hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. 她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。
(2)有些以 ly结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词。常见的有：friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly 等。
2．副词的基本用法
(1) 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。
(2019·天津卷)A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.
狗的饮食习惯在正确建立之前需要定期的训练。
■名师点津
有些副词，如fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally等作评注性状语，往往修饰整个句子，而且它们常位于句首，且有逗号与后面的句子分开。
(安徽卷)Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。
（2）有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语。如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly等
Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.
幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军给救了。
Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.
高兴的是，她的继母对她很好。
四 、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：
限定词→数词→描绘词→(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) →出处→材料性质→类别→名词
a small round table
a tall gray building
a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese sports car
五、 形容词、副词辨析
形容词副词的区别及用法
1. late 和later
He is late. He is half an hour late. 他迟到了，迟到了半小时。
Three minutes later, he arrived. 三分钟后，他来了。
2. pleased, pleasing与pleasant
（1）pleased的含义是“感到满意，高兴”，后常跟介词at, with。例如：
I'm pleased to see you here. 在这儿见到你很高兴。
She's pleased with our programme. 她对我们的节目很满意。
（2）pleasing表示“令人欣喜的”，相当于“giving pleasure”。例如：
My sister's progress in dancing is pleasing. 我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。
The baby has a pleasing voice. 这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。
（3）pleasant表示“快乐的，愉快的”。例如：
The girl has a pleasant childhood. 这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。
To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite. 过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。
3. living, alive与live
（1）living作定语时，既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于所修饰的名词之后，译为"活着的,当代的"。在句中充当定语及表语。例如：
Not all living things live on sunlight. 并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生存。
My grandparents are still living. 我的祖父母仍然健在。
（2）alive译为“活着的”，可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后。例如：
He may be the busiest person alive. 他可能是世上最忙的人了。
Is that sheep dead or alive 那头羊是死了还是活着？
（3）alive还有“活泼的，活动的，有生机的”之意。例如：
You seem very much alive today. 你今天看起来很活跃。
（4）live表示“活着的”，做“现场直播”讲时可以用作形容词、副词，在句子中可以作定语，表语。
The programme is live./The programme is broadcast live. 这个节目是现场直播的。
4. worth，worthy与worthwhile
（1）worth意为“值得的”，后接v-ing形式，构成“be worth doing”结构，也可接表示价格的名词及钱数；
（2）worthy意为“值得的”，后接“of+名词（或being+过去分词）”，构成“be worthy of+名词（或being done）”结构或“be worthy to be done”结构。
（3）be worthwhile to do sth/doing sth例如：
This coat is worth one hundred yuan. 这件上衣价值一百元。
This problem is worthy of being discussed. 这个问题值得讨论。
5. too、also、either
too和also用于肯定句、疑问句，too多用于口语，also多用于书面语，either用于否定句。Too常用在句末，also常用在句中。
Are they coming too 他们也来吗
She is young and beautiful, and also rich. 她年轻漂亮，而且有钱。
He hasn’t finished it, either. 他也还没有做完。
6. likely与possible, probable
likely 的主语可以是it也可以是名词或其它代词，而possible和probable只能用it作主语。
7. most 与mostly
most做形容词或代词，如：most students, most of us；mostly为副词，表示大部分情况下，或成分中大部分。
1.【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】The latest ____56engineering____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56. (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
1.【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】Pasta has taken on a variety of shapes, resulting from 20 (region) specializations.
2【2024届江苏省苏州市八校联考高三下学期三模】You can sit inside a 20 (tradition) teahouse and take in the classical atmosphere as you drink tea.
4.【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】He gathers youngsters 26 (interest) in martial arts and health maintenance, and finds a 27 (delight) place in the park to relax their bodies.
考点二 副词的构成与句法功能
一、副词的构词规律
类别 例词
形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely
以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/a /，直接加 ly)
词尾为 ble/ le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly)
词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例)
词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully
词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically
二、副词的句法功能
副词是一种词类，常用于限制、说明、修饰形容词、动词、分词、副词、介词短语、分词、句子等。副词在句子中用作状语时，常位于动词的后面、形容词的前面、句首等位置；副词在句子中作表语时位于系动词之后；副词在句子中作定语时位于所修饰或限制的修饰词的后面；副词在句子中作宾语补足语时位于宾语的后面。这些是副词的基本用法，应牢记和熟练掌握。
具体解读
(1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。
①[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Landing on the moon's far side is extremely challenging.
登陆月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。
②[2021·全国乙卷书面表达] Besides, we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently.
此外，我们可以吸收各种资源来更有效地学习。
③[2020·新高考山东卷读后续写]Needless to say, they were deeply moved, especially Bernard who finally found a way to make money for his family.不用说，他们都深受感动，尤其是伯纳德，他终于找到了赚钱养家的方法。
(2)常考的连接性副词：though“然而，可是”(用于句末); meanwhile“在此期间”； therefore/thus/consequently“因此，所以”； moreover/furthermore“而且，此外”； besides“另外，还有”； however“然而”； instead“相反，代替”； anyway/anyhow“尽管，即使这样”； otherwise“否则”。
The young man couldn't afford a new car. Instead, he bought a used one.
那个年轻人买不起新车，便买了一辆二手的。
The house was too expensive and too big. Besides，I'd grown fond of our little rented house.
这个房子太贵、太大了，而且，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这间小屋了。
三、形容词和副词的辨析
1. early，alone, enough, fast, better, best, downstairs, upstairs, far, under, straight, (表示方位) left, right, back, front, (表示数量) little, much
He always gets up early, because he knows that the early bird catches the worm.他总是起床很早，因为他知道早起的鸟儿有虫吃。(前者为副词，作状语；后者为形容词，作定语)
He likes to be alone and always goes out alone.他喜欢一个人，总是单独外出。(前者为形容词，作表语；后者为副词，作状语)
2. hard, very, past, still, well, that, this等
Hard work leads to success.努力工作通向成功。(为形容词作定语，意为“艰苦的，努力的”)
Under the leadership of the Party, the people are working hard.在党的领导下，人民努力工作。(为副词作状语，意为“努力地”)
Stand still while I take a photo of you.我给你拍照的时候站着别动。(为形容词作表语，意为“不动的；静止的”)
Although it was midnight, our teacher were still working.尽管半夜了，我们老师依然在工作。(为副词作状语，意为“仍然”)
3.既可作形容词又可作副词且有 ly表抽象概念(有 ly)的词
情况 形容词 副词（抽象含义）
deep 深的 The hole is deep.这个洞很深。 深地；在深处 He worked deep into the night.他工作到深夜。
deeply 深深地；深刻地 He is deeply moved .他被深深地打动了。
wide 宽阔的；宽的 The river is 10 meters wide. 关阔地；充分地 Open your eyes wide.睁大你的眼睛。
widely 广泛地 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界上被普遍应用。
high 高的 高；向高处He jumps high.他跳的很高。
highly 高度地；非常 He is highly spoken of.他被高度评价。
close 近的；亲密的；仔细的 He is my close friend. 他是我关系很好的朋友。 挨着；接近 Stand close to the door.站的挨着门。
closely 密切地 Listen closely.仔细地听。
4．有无 ly意义大不相同的形容词和副词
hard与hardly He works hard at his lessons.他努力学习功课。(副词，意为“努力地”) The news is so good that I can hardly believe it's true.这个消息太好了，我简直不敢相信这是真的。(副词，意为“几乎不”)
sharp与sharply It was twelve o'clock sharp.现在12点整了。(副词，意为“整点，恰好”) “Don't talk nonsense”， she said sharply. “别胡扯”，她严厉地说。(副词，意为“严厉地”)
fair与fairly One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.一个人要学会努力奋斗，但要公平奋斗，赢而不骄，输而不失风度。(副词，意为“公平地”) It is fairly warm today.今天相当暖和。(副词，意为“相当，很”)
near与nearly May Day is drawing near.五一即将到来。(副词，意为“在附近；不久以后”) My teacher is nearly 60 years old, and he teaches well.我的老师将近60岁，他教得很好。(副词，意为“几乎，将近”)
short与shortly Paper is running short.纸快用完了。(副词，意为“短缺地”) He'll be back shortly.他很快就会回来。(副词，意为“不久”)
most与mostly What struck me most was his courage.最令我吃惊的是他的勇气。(副词，much的最高级，意为“最”) It was a most touching scene.那是极其动人的场面。(形容词，意为“很；十分；极其”) They are mostly visiting scientists.他们大多是来访的科学家。(副词，意为“大部分地，主要地”)
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）So, what are they learning (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
1.【2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学、浙江省杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考高三下学期模拟】
It is truly worthwhile to seek out restaurants or cookbooks that 40 (faith) capture Hunan flavors in their menus or recipes.” Kho notes.
2.【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】There are over 1,200 types of noodles 15 (common) consumed in China today. Wheat noodles in Japan were adapted from a Chinese recipe as early as the 9th century.
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2024届河南省三门峡部分名校高三下学期模拟考试】Lepcha music is 2 (primary) oral and performed in a call-and-response fashion. The songs are typically related to themes from nature and Lepcha folktales.
2.【2024届河南省三门峡部分名校高三下学期模拟考试】Another interesting aspect of Lepcha culture is their 8 (tradition) clothing, still worn by many Lepcha people today.
【安徽省蚌埠市皖北私立联考2023-2024学年高三下学期期中】The Lunar New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, has 11 （official） been included in the UN’s calendar of conferences and meetings from 2024.
3.【安徽省蚌埠市皖北私立联考2023-2024学年高三下学期期中】It not only embodies the ideals of Chinese civilization, which emphasizes peace and harmony, but also upholds universal values such as familial harmony, social inclusivity, and a 16 （harmony） relationship between man and nature.
4.【2024届内蒙古呼和浩特市高三下学期二模考试】Its roof collects rainwater and the water is recycled. Visitors are often amazed to find 23 (they) in an urban building that so 24 (true) captures the beauty of nature forms.
5.【2024届河南省濮阳市高三下学期二模】Li Na, vice-chairwoman of the Chinese Culture and Hong Kong Hanfu Association, said this response was 34 (type).
6.【2024届河南省濮阳市高三下学期二模】With exposure growing on social media platforms, more and more people are interested and willing to learn about it,” Li said 40 (gentle).
7.【2024届广东省惠州市高三下学期一模拟考试】Cui Youxin, head of the 45 (create) cultural product center at the Gansu Provincial Museum, emphasized that only those deeply 46 (root) in the soil of Chinese history and culture can stand the test of time. 8.【2024届广东省惠州市高三下学期一模拟考试】China’s central economic work conference in December 2023 proposed that the country should 49 (active) develop new consumption growth points such as China-chic goods in 2024.
9.【2024届贵州省遵义市高三下学期第二次模拟测试】Among them, the Xinmin agricultural product company of the Heilongjiang Cuihua Group has sold its Chinese sauerkraut not only 7 (domestic), but also to countries including Canada, Japan and the United States.
10.【2024届山东省聊城市高三下学期二模】Acrobats can act like fish swimming 7 (smooth) in the water, birds flying through trees and butterflies dancing among flowers, showcasing wonderful skills 8 require years of hard training.
11.【2024届山东省聊城市高三下学期二模】Modern Chinese acrobatics has set up a designing and directing system. It is aimed at creating beautiful stage images and 10 (harmony) effects of music, clothing, props, and lighting to bring about a fully developed stage art.
12.【2024届安徽省马鞍山市高三下学期三模】This 1 (mark) the debut solo (首次个人) exhibition in Los Angeles for the 2 (high) recognized multitalented artist, musician, writer, and actress.
13.【2024届四川省攀枝花市高三下学期第三次统一考试】The latest dilemma for educators comes from a language-processing tool 8 (call) ChatGPT. This can produce 9 (high) authentic human-like content on any subject in seconds. It has caused fears that students will use it to write essays.
14.【2024届四川省眉山市仁寿县四川省仁寿第一中学校模拟】This time the Shenzhou XIII reentry module (返回舱) 3 (dramatic) shortened the orbiting time to about nine hours, going around Earth five times.
15,【2024届四川省眉山市仁寿县四川省仁寿第一中学校模拟】The search and rescue team on Earth also demonstrated its 4 (power) capabilities.
16.【2024届广东省大湾区高三下学期二模】After about four hours, we finally reached the peak, where the temperature was 14 (noticeable) lower.
17.【2024届广东省大湾区高三下学期二模】Wrapping 15ourselves (we) tightly in rented coats, we found a 16 (suit) spot and settled down to await the sunrise.
18.【2024届四川省泸州市高三下学期三模】“Only when I take the needle out and touch the silk thread, I feel 21 (full)comfortable,” says Zou Yingzi, an inheritor of Su embroidery(刺绣), an ancient craft that originates from the garden city of Suzhou in Jiangsu province.
19.【2024届河南省开封市高三下学期三模】It offered tangible evidence of commercial and 32 (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
20.【2024届河南省开封市高三下学期三模】The latest underwater archaeological 33 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have 34 (significant) uncovered important artifacts.
22.【2024届内蒙古自治区赤峰市赤峰市三模】“The Hongshan Culture 50 (original) began about 5,000 to 8,000 years ago, and promoted the development of Chinese civilization,” noted Sun Yonggang, a history researcher at Chifeng University.
23.【2024届四川省绵阳市高三下学期第三次诊断性考试】 Many 57 (delicate) made and beautifully decorated bronze wares, showing the great prosperity during the Chinese Bronze Age, are 58 display.
24.【2024届四川省绵阳市高三下学期第三次诊断性考试】“The Shang Dynasty was a time with great 59 (create) spirit.
25.【2024届广东省佛山市禅城区高三下学期统一调研测试】Even though Citywalk is a 7 (relative) new concept, industry experts believe that 8 (it) potential is huge.
26.【2024届安徽省合肥市高三下学期二模】During his stay in England, Huang remained 4 (commit) to his motherland. He long dreamed of going back to “serve my country with my whole heart”.
27.【2024届安徽省合肥市高三下学期二模】 Huang worked 9 (tireless) around the clock.
28.【2024届江西省景德镇市高三下学期第三次质量检测】 As part of her efforts to stop the endangered technique from disappearing, Chen began visiting the 14 (surround) regions to teach embroidery. In 2014, she established a Qiang embroidery workshop.
29.【2024届江西省景德镇市高三下学期第三次质量检测】With her two daughters participating, who have youthful sense of innovation, Chen’s products become 18 (popular) than before among young consumers.
30.【2024届福建省南平市建阳区福建省南平市建阳区高三预测绝密卷模拟】 27 (similar), Maxion, who moved to Baltimore from California about a year ago, got inspiration for his prize-winning creation—with ingredients including the Southeast Asian plant pandan—from his Filipino hometown.
31.【四川省成都市成实外教育联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期联考】The reason why western people like Taoism so much is mainly because Taoism has no boundaries.” Taoism has become increasingly 40 (influence) around the world.
32.【2024届江西省新余市高三下学期二模】In the colder months, we have less energy to spare for 43 (chore). We’re not being lazy; limited daylight makes us 44 (sleep).
33.【2024届江西省新余市高三下学期二模】Cleaning must be done before the holiday, 46 (typical) in January or February, since sweeping after the festivities 47 (see) as removing good luck.
34.【2024届山东省日照市高三下学期二模】After following the treatment, Halpyarovich felt 67 (good). She believes that traditional Chinese medicine is not only a kind of treatment, but it’s a lifestyle.
35.【2024届山东省日照市高三下学期二模】As more people seek harmony with nature and within 8 (they), Halpyarovich recommends traditional Chinese medicine. “I find it to be a complex and 9 (benefit) method that is in agreement with the goal of living in harmony,” she said.
36.【2024届辽宁省重点高中协作校联考高三下学期4月高考模拟】The 4 (early) porcelain, commonly called “primitive porcelain”, appeared during the Shang Dynasty. But the first porcelain in real sense was not produced until the-Eastern Han Dynasty.
37.【2024届辽宁省重点高中协作校联考高三下学期4月高考模拟】It promotes economic and cultural exchange between China and the outside world, and 10 (dramatic) influences the traditional culture and lifestyle of people from other countries.
38.【2024届内蒙古自治区赤峰市赤峰市三模】“The Hongshan Culture 50 (original) began about 5,000 to 8,000 years ago, and promoted the development of Chinese civilization,” noted Sun Yonggang, a history researcher at Chifeng University.
39.【河南省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高三下学期5月联考】Most of these lantern riddles were 34 (simple) created as a form of entertainment.
40.【2024届河南省部分重点高中高三毕业班5月份大联考】 Implementing innovative approaches to traffic issues in urban centers helps promote a 8 (healthy) urban environment.
（2024·浙江·三模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Year of the Dragon comes with inspiration for creativity and the power to bring big ideas 1 life.
Designer Wang Zijian’s Dragon Out of Water, a creative tea infuser (泡茶器),shines on the wall at the exhibition of the winning works of the 2024 Global Zodiac Design Competition at the Beijing Overseas Cultural Exchange Center. 2 (it) cute dragon design and special function are bound to appeal to young consumers. “It’s 3 unique product, and we expect a positive response from young customers,” Wang told Beijing Review.
The item belongs to China Chic, or guochao, also 4 (know) as “national wave”, 5 refers to products of all sorts including traditional Chinese cultural elements. These products 6 (embrace) by the country’s younger generations in recent years. According to a report by Xinhua News Agency, Gen Z 7 (account) for 74 percent of consumers of China Chic goods in 2022, and the search volume of China Chic products has increased five times over the past decade.
As a young designer, Wang hopes 8 (capture) young consumers with his creative interpretation of dragons. “I’ve been 9 (thorough) studying the dragon’s historical connotations (言外之意) and the 10 (psychology) characteristics of Gen Z consumers,” the 34-year-old designer told Beijing Review.
2024年
1.【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).
2.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the ____49____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
2.【2023年全国乙卷】However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair.
3.【2023年全国乙卷】At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out.
4.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】So, what are they learning ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
5.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
6.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
7.【2023年全国甲卷】 ___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral. 8.【2023年全国甲卷】The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps.
9. 【2023年北京卷】 I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time.
10. 【2023年浙江卷1月】The term “hutong”, ____57____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
11. 【2023年浙江卷1月】The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____61____ (space)homes and walled gardens.
2022年
1.【2022新高考I卷】 The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
2.【2022全国甲卷】Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning).
3.【2022全国乙卷】It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
4. 【2022年浙江卷1月】On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
5.【2022新高考二卷】On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
【2022年全国乙卷】We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise.
7.【2022年全国甲卷】I felt so closely to him.
8. 【2022年天津卷第二次】The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day.
A. completely blind to B. totally lost in
C. pretty keen on D. well aware of
2021年
1.【2021新高考1卷】The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
2.【2021新高考1卷】But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
3.【2021全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day) routines.
4.【2021全国乙卷 】Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
5.【2021.1 浙江卷】 But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
6.【2021全国乙卷 改错】What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
7.【2021全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
8．【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I told him how ____61____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
9. 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I was so____62____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
10.【2021年全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
11. 【2021年北京卷】Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home．
12.【2021年天津卷第一次】As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
A．increasingly B．equally C．nervously D．confusingly
13.【2021年天津卷第二次】 The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for.
A. Generally B. Originally
C. Eventually D. Unfortunately
14. 【2021年天津卷第二次】It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.
A. annual B. exact C. alternative D. pleasant考点05 形容词和副词 （核心考点精讲精练）
1. 高考真题考点分布
考点 题型 形容词和副词
年份 试卷类型 考点 考向
语法填空 2024 2024·新课标I卷 _57functional_ (function) 形容词
2024·新课标II卷 / /
2024·全国甲卷 69largest ( large ) 形容词的级
2024·年浙江1月 / /
2023 2023·新课标I卷 ____36_tasty___ (taste) ____44 rarely____ (rare) 形容词 副词
2023·新课标II卷 __43_Basically__ (basic) 副词
2023·全国乙卷 ___49 remarkable____ (remark) 形容词
2023·全国甲卷 ___47 Different___ (difference) 形容词
2023·年浙江1月 __57_ originally__ (original); __61_spacious__(space); 副词 形容词
2022 2022·新课标I卷 __eventually____ (eventual) 副词
2022·新课标II卷 ___38 aslpeep__ (sleep); _40accidentally__ (accidental ) 形容词 副词
2022·全国乙卷 / /
2022·全国甲卷 __meaningful__ (meaning) 形容词
2022·年浙江1月 ____roughly___（rough） 副词
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年新高考卷对于形容词和副词 考查共计14次，主要考查：
形容词和副词的句法功能；
形容词和副词的词性转换；
形容词和副词的比较级和最高级也是近几年高考考查的重点之一。
【备考策略】
1. 掌握形容词和副词的句法功能；
2. 掌握形容词和副词的词性转换基本规律；
3. 掌握形容词和副词的比较级和最高级。
3.【命题预测】
2025年语法填空对形容词和副词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点，主要集中考查形容词和副词的词形转换，形容词的比较级和最高级以及其相关句型用法。
必备基础知识：
形容词 主要作定语、表语、宾语补足语、状语的作用，可以用来修饰名词、代词等，也可以单独使用。对应单词为adjective，缩写为adj.，常翻译为“......的”，位置可以是在名词前，也可以在代词之后或系动词之后等。形式上除了本身为形容词的，常见还有会加前缀a-及后缀-y/-ful/-al/-en/-ent/-ive/-ish/-ous/-ly等的形容词以及一词多性的形容词。
副词 主要是作状语、表语、宾语补足语等的作用，对应单词为adverb，缩写为adv.，常翻译为“......地”或“得.....”，形式上除了本身是副词外，多以-ly后缀结尾或形副同形的。根据作用，副词常分为时间副词、地点副词、程度副词、关系副词、疑问副词、方式副词、频度副词等。
考点一 形容词的构成与句法功能
一、形容词的构词规律
类别 例词
词尾加-y cloud→cloudy, luck→lucky, health→healthy, sleep→sleepy
词尾加-(e)d gift→gifted, talent→talented, advance→advanced, excite→excited
词尾加 ing surprise→surprising, convince→convincing, frighten→frightening
词尾加-ful/-less meaning→meaningful/meaningless, care→careful/careless, help→helpful/helpless, harm→harmful/harmless, home→homeless, colour→colourful/colourless, use→useful/useless, thank→thankful/thankless, peace→peaceful/peaceless
词尾加-able comfort→comfortable, knowledge→knowledgeable, accept→acceptable, respect→respectable
词尾加-ous danger→dangerous, courage→courageous, humour→humorous
词尾的-ce变为-t confidence→confident, difference→different
词尾加-al music→musical, person→personal, nation→national, education→educational, tradition→traditional
词尾加-ly friend→friendly, week→weekly, love→lovely
词尾加-en wood→wooden, wool→woolen
其他常见变化 energy→energetic, fool→foolish, pleasure→pleasant/pleased, science→scientific 以重读闭音节结尾的名词变成形容词时，要双写该辅音字母再加-y(如sun→sunny, fun→funny等)，以e结尾的名词要去掉e再加-y(如noise→noisy, ice→icy, taste→tasty等)
动词词尾加 ive/ ative attract→attractive, talk→talkative, prevent→preventive, protect→protective
二.词形转换的具体总结
形容词后缀
1．形容词后缀-able
(1)能……的；可……的
accept→acceptable 可接受的
adapt→adaptable 能适应的
adjust→adjustable 可调节的
afford→affordable 负担得起的
rely→reliable 可信赖的，可依靠的
change→changeable 易变的
admire→admirable 可钦佩的
believe→believable 可相信的
(2)具有……的特点
enjoy→enjoyable 令人愉快的
suit→suitable 合适的
comfort→comfortable 舒适的
fashion→fashionable 时髦的
reason→reasonable 合理的
value→valuable 有价值的
knowledge→knowledgeable 有丰富知识的，博学的
2．形容词后缀-ful/-less
cheer→cheerful 兴高采烈的
doubt→doubtful 怀疑的
forget→forgetful 健忘的
thought→thoughtful 周到的；深思的
peace→peaceful 和平的
success→successful 成功的
regret→regretful 后悔的
harm→harmful 有害的→harmless 无害的
help→helpful 有帮助的→helpless 无助的；无能的
hope→hopeful 有希望的→hopeless 绝望的
use→useful 有用的→useless 无用的；无效的
power→powerful 强有力的→powerless 无力的
meaning→meaningful 有意义的→meaningless 无意义的
3．形容词后缀-ive/-ative
act→active 积极的；活跃的
attract→attractive 有吸引力的
impress→impressive 给人深刻印象的
instruct→instructive 有教育意义的
create→creative 创造性的
progress→progressive 进步的
talk→talkative 健谈的（别忘了字母a）
effect→effective 有效的
4．形容词后缀-ous（ous还是ious一定要记清楚）
continue→continuous 不断的；持续的
anxiety→anxious 忧虑的
caution→cautious 小心的；谨慎的
curiosity→curious 好奇的
danger→dangerous 危险的
humor→humorous 幽默的
mountain→mountainous 多山的
poison→poisonous 有毒的
ambition→ambitious 有野心的
religion→religious 宗教的
space→spacious 宽敞的；广阔的
5．形容词后缀-ble/-ible
horror→horrible 可怕的；恐怖的
terror→terrible 可怕的；糟糕的
vision→visible 看得见的
access→accessible 容易达到的；容易取得的
6．形容词后缀-y
fog→foggy 多雾的
taste→tasty 美味的；可口的
luck→lucky 幸运的
health→healthy 健康的
dirt→dirty 有灰尘的；脏的
greed→greedy 贪婪的
sun→sunny 阳光明媚的
wealth→wealthy 富裕的；丰富的
7．形容词后缀-al/-ial
culture→cultural 文化的
agriculture→agricultural 农业的
practice→practical 实际的
music→musical 音乐的
origin→original 最初的
person→personal 个人的；私人的
center→central 中央的；中心的
nature→natural 自然的；天生的
tradition→traditional 传统的
option→optional 可选择的，选修的
profession→professional 专业的；职业的
benefit→beneficial 有益的
face→facial 面部的（看起来很简单但很容易错）
industry→industrial 工业的
finance→financial 金融的
8．形容词后缀-ic
science→scientific 科学的
economy→economic 经济的
history→historic 历史上著名的
history→historical 具有重大历史意义的
energy→energetic 精力充沛的
class→classic 经典的
9．形容词后缀-en
wood→wooden 木制的
gold→golden 金色的
wool→wool(l)en 羊毛的
10．形容词后缀-ly
dead→deadly 致命的
live→lively 活跃的
friend→friendly 友好的
year→yearly 每年的
month→monthly 每月的
week→weekly 每周的
day→daily 每日的；日常的
cost→costly 昂贵的
order→orderly 有次序的
三. 形容词的功能
在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、状语等。
一般情况下，单个的形容词作定语放在被修饰的词之后，形容词短语放在被修饰的词之前。
He is the only man alive in the village after the earthquake.地震后他是那个村子里唯一活着的人。
It is a problem difficult to solve.这是个难以解决的问题。
■名师点津
(1)形容词作状语主要表示原因、结果或伴随等，其逻辑主语必须与句子主语保持一致。
Light hearted and optimistic, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. 她无忧无虑、积极乐观，是那种用微笑给别人带来快乐的人。
(2)有些以 ly结尾的词是形容词，而不是副词。常见的有：friendly, lovely, lively, lonely, elderly, deadly 等。
2．副词的基本用法
(1) 副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。
(2019·天津卷)A dog’s eating habit requires regular training before it is properly established.
狗的饮食习惯在正确建立之前需要定期的训练。
■名师点津
有些副词，如fortunately, luckily, surprisingly, honestly, actually, personally等作评注性状语，往往修饰整个句子，而且它们常位于句首，且有逗号与后面的句子分开。
(安徽卷)Thankfully, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 谢天谢地，我终于打完比赛了，所有的辛苦最终都是值得的。
（2）有些副词置于句首可修饰全句，作评注性状语。如：obviously，naturally，surprisingly等
Fortunately，he was not drowned and was saved by the PLA.
幸运的是，他没被淹死，被解放军给救了。
Happily for her，her stepmother was kind to her.
高兴的是，她的继母对她很好。
四 、多个形容词修饰名词的顺序
多个形容词修饰名词时，其顺序为：
限定词→数词→描绘词→(大小，长短，形状，新旧，颜色) →出处→材料性质→类别→名词
a small round table
a tall gray building
a dirty old brown shirt
a famous German medical school
an expensive Japanese sports car
五、 形容词、副词辨析
形容词副词的区别及用法
1. late 和later
He is late. He is half an hour late. 他迟到了，迟到了半小时。
Three minutes later, he arrived. 三分钟后，他来了。
2. pleased, pleasing与pleasant
（1）pleased的含义是“感到满意，高兴”，后常跟介词at, with。例如：
I'm pleased to see you here. 在这儿见到你很高兴。
She's pleased with our programme. 她对我们的节目很满意。
（2）pleasing表示“令人欣喜的”，相当于“giving pleasure”。例如：
My sister's progress in dancing is pleasing. 我姐姐在舞蹈方面的进步令人高兴。
The baby has a pleasing voice. 这个婴儿的声音很悦耳。
（3）pleasant表示“快乐的，愉快的”。例如：
The girl has a pleasant childhood. 这个女孩有一个快乐的童年。
To have a pleasant holiday is my favorite. 过一个愉快的假期是我最喜欢的。
3. living, alive与live
（1）living作定语时，既可置于所修饰的名词之前，也可置于所修饰的名词之后，译为"活着的,当代的"。在句中充当定语及表语。例如：
Not all living things live on sunlight. 并非所有的生物都依赖阳光生存。
My grandparents are still living. 我的祖父母仍然健在。
（2）alive译为“活着的”，可以在句中作表语及定语。作定语时，位于它所修饰的名词之后。例如：
He may be the busiest person alive. 他可能是世上最忙的人了。
Is that sheep dead or alive 那头羊是死了还是活着？
（3）alive还有“活泼的，活动的，有生机的”之意。例如：
You seem very much alive today. 你今天看起来很活跃。
（4）live表示“活着的”，做“现场直播”讲时可以用作形容词、副词，在句子中可以作定语，表语。
The programme is live./The programme is broadcast live. 这个节目是现场直播的。
4. worth，worthy与worthwhile
（1）worth意为“值得的”，后接v-ing形式，构成“be worth doing”结构，也可接表示价格的名词及钱数；
（2）worthy意为“值得的”，后接“of+名词（或being+过去分词）”，构成“be worthy of+名词（或being done）”结构或“be worthy to be done”结构。
（3）be worthwhile to do sth/doing sth例如：
This coat is worth one hundred yuan. 这件上衣价值一百元。
This problem is worthy of being discussed. 这个问题值得讨论。
5. too、also、either
too和also用于肯定句、疑问句，too多用于口语，also多用于书面语，either用于否定句。Too常用在句末，also常用在句中。
Are they coming too 他们也来吗
She is young and beautiful, and also rich. 她年轻漂亮，而且有钱。
He hasn’t finished it, either. 他也还没有做完。
6. likely与possible, probable
likely 的主语可以是it也可以是名词或其它代词，而possible和probable只能用it作主语。
7. most 与mostly
most做形容词或代词，如：most students, most of us；mostly为副词，表示大部分情况下，或成分中大部分。
1.【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】The latest ____56engineering____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).
57.【答案】functional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）Xiao long bao(soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, 56. (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favourite Chinese street food.
【答案】tasty
【解析】考查形容词。句意:小笼包(汤包),那些精致的饺子皮,包裹着热腾腾的美味汤汁和甜甜的鲜肉,无疑是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词修饰后面的名词 soup作定语,故空处需用tasty “美味的”。
1.【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】Pasta has taken on a variety of shapes, resulting from 20 (region) specializations.
【答案】regional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：意大利面已经呈现了多种形状，这是由于地区特色造成的。本空用形容词regional“地区的”，作定语，修饰名词specializations。故填regional。
2【2024届江苏省苏州市八校联考高三下学期三模】You can sit inside a 20 (tradition) teahouse and take in the classical atmosphere as you drink tea.
【答案】traditional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：你可以坐在传统的茶馆里，一边喝茶一边感受古典的氛围。此处应用形容词作定语，修饰名词teahouse。traditional意为“传统的”。故填traditional。
4.【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】He gathers youngsters 26 (interest) in martial arts and health maintenance, and finds a 27 (delight) place in the park to relax their bodies.
26．【答案】interested
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他聚集了对武术和养生感兴趣的年轻人，在公园里找了一个令人愉快的地方放松身体。修饰名词youngsters，指人，应用形容词interested作后置定语。故填interested。
27．【答案】delightful
【解析】考查形容词。句意：他聚集了对武术和养生感兴趣的年轻人，在公园里找了一个令人愉快的地方放松身体。修饰名词place应用形容词delightful，故填delightful。
考点二 副词的构成与句法功能
一、副词的构词规律
类别 例词
形容词＋后缀-ly clear→clearly, great→greatly, loud→loudly, sudden→suddenly, sincere→sincerely
以辅音字母加-y结尾的形容词，把y变成i再加-ly happy→happily, heavy→heavily, angry→angrily, lucky→luckily, noisy→noisily*shy→shyly(y的发音为/a /，直接加 ly)
词尾为 ble/ le的形容词，去掉e，再加-y terrible→terribly, possible→possibly, gentle→gently, probable→probably, comfortable→comfortably, responsible→responsibly, suitable→suitably (例外：whole→wholly)
词尾为-ue的形容词，去掉e再加-ly true→truly(高中阶段仅此一例)
词尾为-ll的形容词，直接加-y full→fully, dull→dully
词尾为-ic的形容词，加-ally basic→basically, scientific→scientifically, specific→specifically, automatic→automatically
二、副词的句法功能
副词是一种词类，常用于限制、说明、修饰形容词、动词、分词、副词、介词短语、分词、句子等。副词在句子中用作状语时，常位于动词的后面、形容词的前面、句首等位置；副词在句子中作表语时位于系动词之后；副词在句子中作定语时位于所修饰或限制的修饰词的后面；副词在句子中作宾语补足语时位于宾语的后面。这些是副词的基本用法，应牢记和熟练掌握。
具体解读
(1)副词主要用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或修饰整个句子，表示时间、地点、程度、方式等。
①[2020·全国卷Ⅰ]Landing on the moon's far side is extremely challenging.
登陆月球的背面是极其有挑战性的。
②[2021·全国乙卷书面表达] Besides, we can absorb all kinds of resources to learn more efficiently.
此外，我们可以吸收各种资源来更有效地学习。
③[2020·新高考山东卷读后续写]Needless to say, they were deeply moved, especially Bernard who finally found a way to make money for his family.不用说，他们都深受感动，尤其是伯纳德，他终于找到了赚钱养家的方法。
(2)常考的连接性副词：though“然而，可是”(用于句末); meanwhile“在此期间”； therefore/thus/consequently“因此，所以”； moreover/furthermore“而且，此外”； besides“另外，还有”； however“然而”； instead“相反，代替”； anyway/anyhow“尽管，即使这样”； otherwise“否则”。
The young man couldn't afford a new car. Instead, he bought a used one.
那个年轻人买不起新车，便买了一辆二手的。
The house was too expensive and too big. Besides，I'd grown fond of our little rented house.
这个房子太贵、太大了，而且，我已经越来越喜欢我们租的这间小屋了。
三、形容词和副词的辨析
1. early，alone, enough, fast, better, best, downstairs, upstairs, far, under, straight, (表示方位) left, right, back, front, (表示数量) little, much
He always gets up early, because he knows that the early bird catches the worm.他总是起床很早，因为他知道早起的鸟儿有虫吃。(前者为副词，作状语；后者为形容词，作定语)
He likes to be alone and always goes out alone.他喜欢一个人，总是单独外出。(前者为形容词，作表语；后者为副词，作状语)
2. hard, very, past, still, well, that, this等
Hard work leads to success.努力工作通向成功。(为形容词作定语，意为“艰苦的，努力的”)
Under the leadership of the Party, the people are working hard.在党的领导下，人民努力工作。(为副词作状语，意为“努力地”)
Stand still while I take a photo of you.我给你拍照的时候站着别动。(为形容词作表语，意为“不动的；静止的”)
Although it was midnight, our teacher were still working.尽管半夜了，我们老师依然在工作。(为副词作状语，意为“仍然”)
3.既可作形容词又可作副词且有 ly表抽象概念(有 ly)的词
情况 形容词 副词（抽象含义）
deep 深的 The hole is deep.这个洞很深。 深地；在深处 He worked deep into the night.他工作到深夜。
deeply 深深地；深刻地 He is deeply moved .他被深深地打动了。
wide 宽阔的；宽的 The river is 10 meters wide. 关阔地；充分地 Open your eyes wide.睁大你的眼睛。
widely 广泛地 English is widely used in the world.英语在世界上被普遍应用。
high 高的 高；向高处He jumps high.他跳的很高。
highly 高度地；非常 He is highly spoken of.他被高度评价。
close 近的；亲密的；仔细的 He is my close friend. 他是我关系很好的朋友。 挨着；接近 Stand close to the door.站的挨着门。
closely 密切地 Listen closely.仔细地听。
4．有无 ly意义大不相同的形容词和副词
hard与hardly He works hard at his lessons.他努力学习功课。(副词，意为“努力地”) The news is so good that I can hardly believe it's true.这个消息太好了，我简直不敢相信这是真的。(副词，意为“几乎不”)
sharp与sharply It was twelve o'clock sharp.现在12点整了。(副词，意为“整点，恰好”) “Don't talk nonsense”， she said sharply. “别胡扯”，她严厉地说。(副词，意为“严厉地”)
fair与fairly One learns to fight hard but fight fair, to win without pride and to lose with grace.一个人要学会努力奋斗，但要公平奋斗，赢而不骄，输而不失风度。(副词，意为“公平地”) It is fairly warm today.今天相当暖和。(副词，意为“相当，很”)
near与nearly May Day is drawing near.五一即将到来。(副词，意为“在附近；不久以后”) My teacher is nearly 60 years old, and he teaches well.我的老师将近60岁，他教得很好。(副词，意为“几乎，将近”)
short与shortly Paper is running short.纸快用完了。(副词，意为“短缺地”) He'll be back shortly.他很快就会回来。(副词，意为“不久”)
most与mostly What struck me most was his courage.最令我吃惊的是他的勇气。(副词，much的最高级，意为“最”) It was a most touching scene.那是极其动人的场面。(形容词，意为“很；十分；极其”) They are mostly visiting scientists.他们大多是来访的科学家。(副词，意为“大部分地，主要地”)
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷 语法填空）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
【答案】rarely
【解析】考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。副词rarely修饰后面的形容词 enough“足够的”, rarely enough “几乎不够”。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷 语法填空）So, what are they learning (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
【答案】Basically
【解析】考查副词。句意:基本上是关于如何描述熊猫的生活。本空置于句首,用逗号和句子隔开,在句中作状语,应用副词形式。
1.【2024届湖南省长沙市长郡中学、浙江省杭州二中、江苏省南京师大附中三校联考高三下学期模拟】
It is truly worthwhile to seek out restaurants or cookbooks that 40 (faith) capture Hunan flavors in their menus or recipes.” Kho notes.
40．【答案】faithfully
【解析】考查副词。句意：在菜单或食谱中忠实地捕捉湖南风味的餐馆或食谱真的很值得一找。修饰动词capture应用副词。故填faithfully。
2.【2024届江西省南昌市东湖区南昌市第十九中学高三下学期第五次模拟】There are over 1,200 types of noodles 15 (common) consumed in China today. Wheat noodles in Japan were adapted from a Chinese recipe as early as the 9th century.
【答案】commonly
【解析】考查副词。句意：今天在中国被普遍消费的面条有超过1200种。本空用副词commonly“通常地”，修饰动词consumed，作状语。故填commonly。
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2024届河南省三门峡部分名校高三下学期模拟考试】Lepcha music is 2 (primary) oral and performed in a call-and-response fashion. The songs are typically related to themes from nature and Lepcha folktales.
2．考查副词。句意：Lepcha音乐主要是口头的，以一种呼唤和回应的方式表演。修饰形容词oral应用副词primarily，故填primarily。
2.【2024届河南省三门峡部分名校高三下学期模拟考试】Another interesting aspect of Lepcha culture is their 8 (tradition) clothing, still worn by many Lepcha people today.
8．考查形容词。句意：另一个有趣的方面是他们的传统服饰，至今仍有许多Lepcha人穿着。修饰名词clothing应用形容词traditional。故填traditional。
【安徽省蚌埠市皖北私立联考2023-2024学年高三下学期期中】The Lunar New Year, also known as the Spring Festival, has 11 （official） been included in the UN’s calendar of conferences and meetings from 2024.
11．考查副词。句意：从2024年起，农历新年也被称为春节，正式列入联合国会议日程。副词officially作状语修饰动词 included。故填officially。
3.【安徽省蚌埠市皖北私立联考2023-2024学年高三下学期期中】It not only embodies the ideals of Chinese civilization, which emphasizes peace and harmony, but also upholds universal values such as familial harmony, social inclusivity, and a 16 （harmony） relationship between man and nature.
16．考查形容词。句意：它不仅体现了中华文明的理想，强调和平与和谐，而且坚持普遍的价值观，如家庭和谐，社会包容，人与自然的和谐关系。形容词harmonious作定语，修饰名词。故填harmonious。
4.【2024届内蒙古呼和浩特市高三下学期二模考试】Its roof collects rainwater and the water is recycled. Visitors are often amazed to find 23 (they) in an urban building that so 24 (true) captures the beauty of nature forms.
23．考查代词。句意：游客们经常惊讶地发现自己身处一座城市建筑中，如此真实地捕捉到了大自然的美丽。这里指的是游客自己，应用反身代词themselves作宾语。故填themselves。
24．考查副词。句意参考上题。空处应用副词，修饰动词captures。truly意为“真实地”。故填truly。
5.【2024届河南省濮阳市高三下学期二模】Li Na, vice-chairwoman of the Chinese Culture and Hong Kong Hanfu Association, said this response was 34 (type).
34．考查形容词。句意：中国文化与香港汉服协会副会长李娜表示，这种反应很典型。空处需用形容词作表语，故填typical。
6.【2024届河南省濮阳市高三下学期二模】With exposure growing on social media platforms, more and more people are interested and willing to learn about it,” Li said 40 (gentle).
40．考查副词。句意：同上。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词 said，gentle的副词为gently。故填gently。
7.【2024届广东省惠州市高三下学期一模拟考试】Cui Youxin, head of the 45 (create) cultural product center at the Gansu Provincial Museum, emphasized that only those deeply 46 (root) in the soil of Chinese history and culture can stand the test of time. 45．考查形容词。句意：甘肃省博物馆文化创意产品中心负责人崔有新强调，只有深深扎根于中国历史文化土壤中的文化产品，才能经得起时间的考验。分析句子可知，这里需要形容词性成分修饰名词词组 cultural product center，因此使用creat的形容词形式creative。故填creative。
46．考查非谓语动词。句意：甘肃省博物馆文化创意产品中心负责人崔有新强调，只有深深扎根于中国历史文化土壤中的文化产品，才能经得起时间的考验。分析句子可知，句中存在谓语动词can stand，这里应使用非谓语动词，且逻辑主语是those，与root之间为被动关系，因此使用过去分词作后置定语。故填rooted。
8.【2024届广东省惠州市高三下学期一模拟考试】China’s central economic work conference in December 2023 proposed that the country should 49 (active) develop new consumption growth points such as China-chic goods in 2024.
49．考查副词。句意：2023 年 12 月召开的中国中央经济工作会议提出，2024 年要积极培育中国时尚商品等新的消费增长点。分析句子可知，这里使用副词性成分修饰动词develop，因此使用active的副词形式actively。故填actively。
9.【2024届贵州省遵义市高三下学期第二次模拟测试】Among them, the Xinmin agricultural product company of the Heilongjiang Cuihua Group has sold its Chinese sauerkraut not only 7 (domestic), but also to countries including Canada, Japan and the United States.
7．考查副词。句意：其中，黑龙江翠华集团旗下的新民农产品公司不仅在国内销售中国泡菜，还销往加拿大、日本和美国等国家。修饰动词has sold，用副词domestically作状语，意为“在国内”。故填domestically。
10.【2024届山东省聊城市高三下学期二模】Acrobats can act like fish swimming 7 (smooth) in the water, birds flying through trees and butterflies dancing among flowers, showcasing wonderful skills 8 require years of hard training.
7.考查副词。句意：杂技演员可以像鱼在水中平稳地游动，像鸟在树林中飞翔，像蝴蝶在花丛中翩翩起舞，展示出需要多年艰苦训练的精彩技艺。此处修饰动词swimming，应使用副词作状语。故填smoothly。
8．考查定语从句。句意：同上。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是skills，指物，从句中缺少主语，应使用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
11.【2024届山东省聊城市高三下学期二模】Modern Chinese acrobatics has set up a designing and directing system. It is aimed at creating beautiful stage images and 10 (harmony) effects of music, clothing, props, and lighting to bring about a fully developed stage art.
10．考查形容词。句意：它旨在创造美丽的舞台形象和和谐的音乐、服装、道具和灯光效果，以带来充分发展的舞台艺术。此处与beautiful并列，修饰名词effects，应使用形容词。故填harmonious。
12.【2024届安徽省马鞍山市高三下学期三模】This 1 (mark) the debut solo (首次个人) exhibition in Los Angeles for the 2 (high) recognized multitalented artist, musician, writer, and actress.
1．考查动词时态。句意：这是这位多才多艺的艺术家、音乐家、作家和女演员在洛杉矶的首次个展。空格处作谓语，根据上文时态可知，句子是描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填marked。
2．考查副词。句意：这是这位多才多艺的艺术家、音乐家、作家和女演员在洛杉矶的首次个展。空格处修饰动词recognized，应用副词形式。故填highly。
13.【2024届四川省攀枝花市高三下学期第三次统一考试】The latest dilemma for educators comes from a language-processing tool 8 (call) ChatGPT. This can produce 9 (high) authentic human-like content on any subject in seconds. It has caused fears that students will use it to write essays.
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：教育工作者面临的最新困境来自一种名为ChatGPT的语言处理工具。此处tool与call构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填called。
9．考查副词。句意：这可以在几秒钟内就任何主题生成高度真实的类似人类的内容。修饰形容词authentic，应用副词highly。故填highly。
14.【2024届四川省眉山市仁寿县四川省仁寿第一中学校模拟】This time the Shenzhou XIII reentry module (返回舱) 3 (dramatic) shortened the orbiting time to about nine hours, going around Earth five times.
3．考查副词。句意：这一次，神舟十三号返回舱将绕地球轨道运行的时间大幅缩短至约9小时，绕地球运行5圈。本空用副词dramatically“戏剧性地”，修饰动词shortened，作状语。故填dramatically。
15,【2024届四川省眉山市仁寿县四川省仁寿第一中学校模拟】The search and rescue team on Earth also demonstrated its 4 (power) capabilities.
4．考查形容词。句意：地球上的搜索和救援团队也展示了其强大的能力。空处需填形容词修饰名词capabilities，用powerful“强大的”，作定语。故填powerful。
16.【2024届广东省大湾区高三下学期二模】After about four hours, we finally reached the peak, where the temperature was 14 (noticeable) lower.
14．考查副词。句意：大约过了四个小时，我们终于到达了山顶，那里的温度明显较低。副词noticeably作状语修饰形容词。故填noticeably。
17.【2024届广东省大湾区高三下学期二模】Wrapping 15ourselves (we) tightly in rented coats, we found a 16 (suit) spot and settled down to await the sunrise.
16．考查形容词。句意：我们把自己裹在租来的外套里，找了一个合适的地方，坐下来等待日出。形容词suitable作定语修饰名词。故填suitable。
18.【2024届四川省泸州市高三下学期三模】“Only when I take the needle out and touch the silk thread, I feel 21 (full)comfortable,” says Zou Yingzi, an inheritor of Su embroidery(刺绣), an ancient craft that originates from the garden city of Suzhou in Jiangsu province.
21．考查副词。句意：她说：“只有当我把针拿出来，碰到丝线的时候，我才会感到非常舒服。”此处为副词fully作状语修饰形容词comfortable。故填fully。
19.【2024届河南省开封市高三下学期三模】It offered tangible evidence of commercial and 32 (culture) exchanges along the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
32．考查形容词。句意：它为古代海上丝绸之路的商业和文化交流提供了实实在在的证据。分析句子，设空处使用culture的形容词cultural作定语，修饰名词，意为“文化的”。故填cultural。
20.【2024届河南省开封市高三下学期三模】The latest underwater archaeological 33 (explore) carried out by the National Center for Archaeology have 34 (significant) uncovered important artifacts.
33．考查名词。句意：国家考古中心最近进行的水下考古探索，发现了重要的文物。分析句子，设空处使用explore的名词exploration作主语，意为“探索”，此处表示复数意义。故填explorations。
34．考查副词。句意：同上。分析句子，设空处使用significant的副词significantly作状语，修饰动词，意为“重要地，显著地”。故填significantly。
22.【2024届内蒙古自治区赤峰市赤峰市三模】“The Hongshan Culture 50 (original) began about 5,000 to 8,000 years ago, and promoted the development of Chinese civilization,” noted Sun Yonggang, a history researcher at Chifeng University.
50．考查副词。句意：红山文化起源于大约5000到8000年前，促进了中华文明的发展。空处修饰动词began，应用副词originally，意为“起初，原来”，作状语。故填originally。
23.【2024届四川省绵阳市高三下学期第三次诊断性考试】 Many 57 (delicate) made and beautifully decorated bronze wares, showing the great prosperity during the Chinese Bronze Age, are 58 display.
57．考查副词。句意：许多制作精良、装饰精美的青铜器展示了中国青铜时代的极大繁荣，正在展出中。修饰过去分词made，应用副词delicately“精美地”，作状语。故填delicately。
58．考查介词。句意：许多制作精良、装饰精美的青铜器展示了中国青铜时代的极大繁荣，正在展出中。表示“展出，展示”短语为be on display。故填on。
24.【2024届四川省绵阳市高三下学期第三次诊断性考试】“The Shang Dynasty was a time with great 59 (create) spirit.
59．考查形容词。句意：“商朝是一个具有伟大创造精神的时代。正是因为商朝的不断创新和包容性，殷墟才达到了中华文明早期辉煌的阶段，”安阳工作站副站长何毓灵说。空处应填形容词creative“创造性的”，作定语，修饰名词spirit。故填creative。
25.【2024届广东省佛山市禅城区高三下学期统一调研测试】Even though Citywalk is a 7 (relative) new concept, industry experts believe that 8 (it) potential is huge.
7．考查副词。句意：尽管城市步行是一个相对较新的概念，但业内专家认为它的潜力巨大。空处修饰形容词new，应用副词relatively作状语。故填relatively。
8．考查代词。句意：尽管城市步行是一个相对较新的概念，但业内专家认为它的潜力巨大。结合语意可知，空处应用形容词性物主代词its，表示“它的”，修饰名词potential。故填its。
26.【2024届安徽省合肥市高三下学期二模】During his stay in England, Huang remained 4 (commit) to his motherland. He long dreamed of going back to “serve my country with my whole heart”.
4．考查形容词。句意：在英国期间，黄仍然心系祖国。remained为系动词，后面接形容词committed“投身的，奉献的”，作表语。故填committed。
27.【2024届安徽省合肥市高三下学期二模】 Huang worked 9 (tireless) around the clock.
9．考查副词。句意：黄夜以继日地辛勤工作。修饰动词worked，需用副词tirelessly作状语。故填tirelessly。
28.【2024届江西省景德镇市高三下学期第三次质量检测】 As part of her efforts to stop the endangered technique from disappearing, Chen began visiting the 14 (surround) regions to teach embroidery. In 2014, she established a Qiang embroidery workshop.
14．考查形容词。句意：为了阻止这一濒危技艺消失，陈云珍开始走访周边地区教授刺绣。修饰名词 regions 用形容词，surround为动词，其形容词为surrounding，表示“周围的”。故填 surrounding。
29.【2024届江西省景德镇市高三下学期第三次质量检测】With her two daughters participating, who have youthful sense of innovation, Chen’s products become 18 (popular) than before among young consumers.
18．考查比较级。句意：在她两个有年轻创新意识的女儿的参与下，陈的产品在年轻消费者中比以前更受欢迎。根据 than 可知用比较级形式。故填 more popular。
30.【2024届福建省南平市建阳区福建省南平市建阳区高三预测绝密卷模拟】 27 (similar), Maxion, who moved to Baltimore from California about a year ago, got inspiration for his prize-winning creation—with ingredients including the Southeast Asian plant pandan—from his Filipino hometown.
27．考查副词。句意：同样，大约一年前从加州搬到巴尔的摩的Maxion也从他的菲律宾家乡获得了获奖作品的灵感——其中的配料包括东南亚的熊猫兰。修饰后文句子应用副词similarly，首字母大写。故填Similarly。
31.【四川省成都市成实外教育联盟2023-2024学年高三下学期联考】The reason why western people like Taoism so much is mainly because Taoism has no boundaries.” Taoism has become increasingly 40 (influence) around the world.
40．考查形容词。句意：道教在世界上的影响力越来越大。作表语，应用形容词influential。故填influential。
32.【2024届江西省新余市高三下学期二模】In the colder months, we have less energy to spare for 43 (chore). We’re not being lazy; limited daylight makes us 44 (sleep).
43．考查名词复数。句意：在寒冷的月份里，我们没有多少精力去做家务。此空位于介词for之后，应为名词作宾语，结合句意可知，chore为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用名词复数表示泛指意义。故填chores。
44．考查形容词。句意：我们不是懒惰；有限的日光使我们昏昏欲睡。此处为“make+宾语+宾补”结构，结合句意，此处应为形容词作宾补，sleep的形容词为sleepy“困倦的”符合句意。故填sleepy。
33.【2024届江西省新余市高三下学期二模】Cleaning must be done before the holiday, 46 (typical) in January or February, since sweeping after the festivities 47 (see) as removing good luck.
46．考查副词。句意：大扫除必须在节前完成，通常是在1月或2月，因为在庆祝活动结束后大扫除被视为会带走好运。此空为副词作状语修饰介词短语，typical的副词为typically意为“通常”符合句意。故填typically。
47．考查谓语动词。句意：大扫除必须在节前完成，通常是在1月或2月，因为在庆祝活动结束后大扫除被视为会带走好运。此空为谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处讲述的是经常性发生的动作，所以此处使用一般现在时，see与主语sweeping after the festivities之间为被动关系，用被动语态，且主语为动名词短语，所以谓语动词应为单数。故填is seen。
34.【2024届山东省日照市高三下学期二模】After following the treatment, Halpyarovich felt 67 (good). She believes that traditional Chinese medicine is not only a kind of treatment, but it’s a lifestyle.
7．考查比较级。句意：在接受治疗后，Halpyarovich感觉好多了。根据“After following the treatment”可知，用比较级better作表语。故填better。
35.【2024届山东省日照市高三下学期二模】As more people seek harmony with nature and within 8 (they), Halpyarovich recommends traditional Chinese medicine. “I find it to be a complex and 9 (benefit) method that is in agreement with the goal of living in harmony,” she said.
8．考查代词。句意：随着越来越多的人寻求与自然和自身的和谐，Halpyarovich推荐传统中医。主语与宾语为同一个人时，宾语用反身代词，主语为people，反身代词为themselves。故填themselves。
19．考查形容词。句意：她说：“我发现这是一种复杂而有益的方法，与和谐生活的目标是一致的。”形容词beneficial作定语修饰名词。故填beneficial。
36.【2024届辽宁省重点高中协作校联考高三下学期4月高考模拟】The 4 (early) porcelain, commonly called “primitive porcelain”, appeared during the Shang Dynasty. But the first porcelain in real sense was not produced until the-Eastern Han Dynasty.
4．考查形容词。句意：最早的瓷器，通常被称为“原始瓷器”，出现在商代。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，根据句意，此处应用最高级。故填earliest。
37.【2024届辽宁省重点高中协作校联考高三下学期4月高考模拟】It promotes economic and cultural exchange between China and the outside world, and 10 (dramatic) influences the traditional culture and lifestyle of people from other countries.
10．考查副词。句意：自汉唐以来，瓷器已经出口到世界各地：它促进了中国与外部世界的经济和文化交流，并极大地影响了其他国家人民的传统文化和生活方式。空处修饰空后的动词，用副词修饰。故填dramatically。
38.【2024届内蒙古自治区赤峰市赤峰市三模】“The Hongshan Culture 50 (original) began about 5,000 to 8,000 years ago, and promoted the development of Chinese civilization,” noted Sun Yonggang, a history researcher at Chifeng University.
50．考查副词。句意：红山文化起源于大约5000到8000年前，促进了中华文明的发展。空处修饰动词began，应用副词originally，意为“起初，原来”，作状语。故填originally。
39.【河南省部分重点高中2023-2024学年高三下学期5月联考】Most of these lantern riddles were 34 (simple) created as a form of entertainment.
34．【答案】simply
【解析】考查副词。句意：大多数这些灯谜仅仅是为了娱乐而创造的。空处修饰动词created，应用副词simply“仅仅”，作状语。故填simply。
40.【2024届河南省部分重点高中高三毕业班5月份大联考】 Implementing innovative approaches to traffic issues in urban centers helps promote a 8 (healthy) urban environment.
8．【答案】healthier
【解析】考查比较级。句意：在城市中心实施创新方法解决交通问题有助于促进更健康的城市环境。空处应为比较级用来描述比以前更健康的状态，故填healthier。
（2024·浙江·三模）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(一个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Year of the Dragon comes with inspiration for creativity and the power to bring big ideas 1 life.
Designer Wang Zijian’s Dragon Out of Water, a creative tea infuser (泡茶器),shines on the wall at the exhibition of the winning works of the 2024 Global Zodiac Design Competition at the Beijing Overseas Cultural Exchange Center. 2 (it) cute dragon design and special function are bound to appeal to young consumers. “It’s 3 unique product, and we expect a positive response from young customers,” Wang told Beijing Review.
The item belongs to China Chic, or guochao, also 4 (know) as “national wave”, 5 refers to products of all sorts including traditional Chinese cultural elements. These products 6 (embrace) by the country’s younger generations in recent years. According to a report by Xinhua News Agency, Gen Z 7 (account) for 74 percent of consumers of China Chic goods in 2022, and the search volume of China Chic products has increased five times over the past decade.
As a young designer, Wang hopes 8 (capture) young consumers with his creative interpretation of dragons. “I’ve been 9 (thorough) studying the dragon’s historical connotations (言外之意) and the 10 (psychology) characteristics of Gen Z consumers,” the 34-year-old designer told Beijing Review.
【答案】1．to/into 2．Its 3．a 4．known 5．which 6．have been embraced 7．accounted 8．to capture 9．thoroughly 10．psychological
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在北京海外文化交流中心举办的2024年全球生肖设计大赛获奖作品展览上，设计师王子健设计的创意茶壶“龙出水”在墙上熠熠生辉。
1．考查介词。句意：龙年带来创造力的灵感和将伟大想法付诸实践的力量。短语bring…to/into life表示“把……付诸实践”。故填to/into。
2．考查代词。句意：它可爱的龙的设计和特殊的功能一定会吸引年轻的消费者。修饰名词dragon design应用形容词性物主代词its，首字母大写。故填Its。
3．考查冠词。句意：王在接受《北京评论》采访时表示：“这是一款独特的产品，我们希望能得到年轻顾客的积极回应。”此处product为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：这件物品属于“中国潮”，也被称为“国潮”，指的是包括中国传统文化元素在内的各种产品。短语(be) known as表示“被称为”。故填known。
5．考查定语从句。句意：这件物品属于“中国潮”，也被称为“国潮”，指的是包括中国传统文化元素在内的各种产品。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词China Chic，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
6．考查时态语态。句意：近年来，这些产品受到了该国年轻一代的欢迎。主语products与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文in recent years可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用have。故填have been embraced。
7．考查时态。句意：据新华社报道，2022年，Z世代占中国时尚产品消费者的74%，中国时尚产品的搜索量在过去十年中增长了五倍。根据后文in 2022可知为一般过去时。故填accounted。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名年轻的设计师，王希望通过他对龙的创造性诠释来吸引年轻的消费者。短语hope to do sth.表示“希望做某事”。故填to capture。
9．考查副词。句意：“我一直在深入研究龙的历史内涵和Z世代消费者的心理特征，”这位34岁的设计师在接受《北京评论》采访时表示。修饰动词study应用副词thoroughly，故填thoroughly。
10．考查形容词。句意：“我一直在深入研究龙的历史内涵和Z世代消费者的心理特征，”这位34岁的设计师在接受《北京评论》采访时表示。修饰名词characteristics应用形容词psychological，作定语。故填psychological。
2024年
1.【2024·新课标Ⅰ卷】The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).
56.【答案】engineering
【解析】考查名词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。根据句意可知，空处考查短语engineering techniques，意为“工程技术”，符合句意。故填engineering。
57.【答案】functional
【解析】考查形容词。句意：最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。空处修饰名词structure，应用形容词作定语functional，符合题意。故填functional。
2.【2024全国甲卷】Yellowstone was the ____49____（large）United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, _____50_____ became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
【答案】largest
【解析】考查形容词最高级。句意：黄石公园是美国最大的国家公园，占地220万英亩，直到1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积作为国家公园获得这项荣誉。本空前有the，为形容词最高级标志词，结合下文“1978年成为国家纪念碑的阿拉斯加南部的弗兰格尔-圣伊莱亚斯在1980年以1230万英亩的面积获得国家公园的荣誉”可知，用large的最高级largest作定语，故填largest。
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
2023年
1.【2023年全国乙卷】The ____49____ (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _____50_____ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years.
【49题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。
【50题详解】
考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。
2.【2023年全国乙卷】However, instead of the brownish red hair she had hoped for, she final got purple hair.
8.考查副词。句意：然而，她最终得到的不是她所希望的棕红色头发，而是紫色的头发。此处修饰动词got，应用副词，作状语。故final改为finally。
3.【2023年全国乙卷】At least one thing proved truth: the color wouldn’t wash out.
10.考查形容词。句意：至少有一件事被证明是正确的：这种颜色洗不掉。prove为系动词，表示“证明是”，后接形容词。故truth改为true。
4.【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】So, what are they learning ___43___ (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
【43题详解】
考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
5.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Xiao long bao (soup dumplings), those amazing constructions of delicate dumpling wrappers, encasing hot, ____36____ (taste) soup and sweet, fresh meat, are far and away my favorite Chinese street food.
【36题详解】
考查形容词。句意：小笼包(汤包)，那些精致的饺子皮，包裹着热腾腾的美味汤和甜甜的鲜肉，是我最喜欢的中国街头小吃。形容词需修饰后面的名词soup(汤)，故空格需用tasty“美味的”作定语，故填tasty。
6.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】No matter where I buy them, one steamer is ____44____ (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left _____45_____ (want) more next time.
【44题详解】
考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
【45题详解】
考查非谓语动词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。分析句子可知，此处考查“leave sb+宾语补足语”，本句是被动语态，want是主语补足语，根据句意，I与want之间是主动的逻辑关系，用现在分词wanting。故填wanting。
7.【2023年全国甲卷】 ___47___ (difference) from traditional fables, Carson’s story ends with an accusation instead of a moral.
【47题详解】
考查形容词。句意：与传统寓言不同，卡森的故事以一种指责而不是道德结束。be different from与……不同，所以用形容词作状语。故填Different。
8.【2023年全国甲卷】The bees, butterfly and many other insects looked lovely and beautifully on the stamps.
4.考查名词的数。蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。句意：根据上文The bees可知，此处应用复数形式。故butterfly改为butterflies。
5.考查形容词。句意：蜜蜂、蝴蝶和许多其他昆虫在邮票上看起来可爱而美丽。系动词lovely后跟形容词beautiful，作表语。故beautifully改为beautiful。
9. 【2023年北京卷】 I’m British. Soon after moving to Switzerland, I ____11____(throw) a house-warming party and was greatly surprised when all 30 guests showed up ____12____(exact) on time.
【11题详解】
考查时态。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或呈现的状态应用过去将来时。故填would throw。
【12题详解】
考查副词。句意：搬到瑞士后不久，我要举办一个乔迁派对，当所有30位客人都准时出现时，我感到非常惊讶。修饰介词短语on time应用副词exactly，故填exactly。
10. 【2023年浙江卷1月】The term “hutong”, ____57____ (original)meaning “water well” in Mongolian, appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty.
【57题详解】
考查副词。句意：胡同起初在蒙古语当中是“水井”的意思，首次出现在元朝。空格处修饰动词meaning需要填副词形式。故填originally。
11. 【2023年浙江卷1月】The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by ____61____ (space)homes and walled gardens.
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
2022年
1.【2022新高考I卷】 The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate populations and homes of giant pandas, and __________ (eventual)achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
答案：eventually
解析：考查副词。句意：GPNP的主要目标是改善不同种群和大熊猫家园之间的联系，最终达到理想的野生大熊猫数量水平。设空处后为动词achieve，设空处应用副词eventually作状语，修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。
2.【2022全国甲卷】Cao believes this will make the hiking trip even more ___________ (meaning).
答案：meaningful
解析：考查形容词。句意：曹认为这将使这次徒步旅行更加有意义。此处是make复合结构，应用形容词meaningful，作宾语补足语。故填meaningful。
3.【2022全国乙卷】It can help to build a community with a ___________ (share) future for mankind,” he said.
答案：shared
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：这有助于构建人类命运共同体。此处为非谓语动词做定语来修饰名词future。非谓语动词share和名词future之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填shared。
4. 【2022年浙江卷1月】On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, __________（rough） 200 academics - many of them climate scientists have promised to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
答案：roughly
解析：考查副词。句意：例如，在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上，自从两年前成立以来，大约有200个学者，他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。此处修饰数字用副词roughly“粗略地大约”，故填roughly。
5.【2022新高考二卷】On the day of the accident, Mrs. Brown was at work and Eric was at home with his father. They both fell ___38___ (sleep) while watching TV. When he looked down, he ___40___ (accidental ) slipped and fell over the edge.
38. 答案：asleep
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们俩看电视的时候都睡着了。根据句子结构可知，设空处应该填写形容词作表语。sleep为动词，意为“睡觉”，其形容词为asleep。fall asleep为固定搭配，意为“熟睡的”，asleep符合句意。故填asleep。
答案：accidentally
解析：考查副词。句意：当他往下看时，不小心滑了一跤，从悬崖边上掉了下去。根据句子结构，设空处解析：应该填写副词修饰动词slipped。accidental为形容词，意为“意外的，失误的”，其副词为accidentally，意为“意外地，失误地”，符合句意。故填accidentally。
6. 【2022年全国乙卷】We all know that cycling is a greatly exercise.
1.考查形容词。句意: 我们都知道骑自行车是一项很好的运动。需用形容词作定语修饰名词exercise。故将greatly改为great。
7.【2022年全国甲卷】I felt so closely to him.
closely→close
考查形容词。句意：我对他感觉如此亲近。felt为系动词，后面用形容词作表语，表示“亲近的”，closely为副词，此处用close。故将closely改为close。
8. 【2022年天津卷第二次】The experienced climber was________ the potential danger in such extreme weather and decided to wait until the following day.
A. completely blind to B. totally lost in
C. pretty keen on D. well aware of
【答案】D
【解析】考查形容词短语辨析。句意：有经验的登山者充分意识到在这样极端天气下存在的潜在风险，决定等到第二天。A. completely blind to 完全不了解；B. totally lost in完全迷失于；C. pretty keen on 非常喜欢；D. well aware of充分意识到。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词短语作表语，选项均为副词修饰形容词，结合句意可知，此处表示“充分意识到”，故well aware of符合句意。故选D项。
2021年
1.【2021新高考1卷】The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will 3 (undoubted) help you get refreshed!
【答案】undoubtedly
【解析】考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空格所填词应该修饰动词help，故应用副词形式。Undoubted 变副词，直接在词尾加ly。故填undoubtedly。
2.【2021新高考1卷】But that's how nature is—always leaving us 5 (astonish).
【答案】 astonished
【解析】考查非谓语动词。此句中含有 "leave sb./sth. + adj." 结构， 表示 "使……处于某种状态" 。因为宾语us与动词astonish为被动关系，此处应该过去分词形容词astonished作宾语补足语，说明人的感受，意为 "感到吃惊的"。故填astonished。
3.【2021全国甲卷】Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10 (day) routines.
【答案】 daily
【解析】考查形容词。此处表示 "观察当地人的日常生活" ，修饰routines, 故用形容词，故填daily。
4.【2021全国乙卷 】Provide 8 (finance) aid and other benefits for local peoples.
【答案】 financial
【解析】考查形容词。空前为动词，空后为名词，故判断此空填形容词形式修饰后面的名词aid。因此应使用finance的形容词形式financial。句意：为当地居民提供经济帮助和其他益处。故填financial。
5.【2021.1 浙江卷】 But 30 years later, the BMI difference between urban and rural people in many countries had narrowed 8 (sharp).
【答案】sharply
【解析】考查副词。句意：30年后，很多国家的BMI数值的城乡差异急剧下降。根据句子结构可知the BMI difference… had narrowed (sharp). 修饰动词narrow要用副词，故答案为 sharply。
6.【2021全国乙卷 改错】What's most, doing housework can be a form of mentally relaxation from study.
【答案】把mentally改为mental
【解析】考查形容词作定语。分析题目可知，此处应该用形容词修饰后面的名词relaxation。故把mentally改为mental。
7.【2021全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become 1 (educate) about the areas—both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the development of the local areas.
【答案】educated
【解析】考查形容词作表语。根据空前为become可知，空格处所填词应作become的表语。句意：这与传统的旅游业不同，因为它可以使游客了解到这些区域的一些知识。故填educated。
8．【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I told him how ____61____ (harm) plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options.
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：我告诉他塑料对环境的危害，并请他考虑使用更环保的产品。该处为how引导的感叹句，how之后接形容词，所以填harmful。
9. 【2021年新高考全国Ⅱ 卷】I was so____62____ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
【62题详解】
考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。
10.【2021年全国乙卷】It is different from traditional tourism because it allows the traveler to become ___61___ (educate)about the areas - both in terms of geographical conditions and cultural characteristics, and often provides money for conservation and benefits the ___62___(develop)of the local areas.
【61题详解】
考查形容词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。分析句子成分可知，此处查固定搭配become educated about表示“对……有所了解”。故填educated。
【62题详解】
考查名词。句意：这不同于传统的旅游，因为它能让旅行者了解这个地区——无论是地理环境还是文化特色，并且经常为环境保护提供资金，并有利于当地的发展。根据空格前的定冠词the可知，此处填入名词development来做动词benefits的宾语。故填development。
11. 【2021年北京卷】Sam walked her to a nearby convenience store so that she could ____16____（safe） wait for the police to take her home．
【16题详解】
考查副词。句意：山姆带她去了附近的一家便利店，这样她就可以安全地等警察带她回家了。修饰动词wait用副词作状语，故填safely。
12.【2021年天津卷第一次】As working from home becomes ________ common, people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career.
A．increasingly B．equally C．nervously D．confusingly
【答案】A
【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着在家工作变得越来越普遍，人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易。A. increasingly越来越多地，渐增地；B. equally相等地；C. nervously紧张地；D. confusingly令人困惑地。根据后文“people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career”可知人们发现为人父母与全职工作相结合变得越来越容易，是因为在家工作变得越来越普遍，increasingly符合语境。故选A。
13.【2021年天津卷第二次】 The police searched the area for several days. ________, they found the piece of evidence they were looking for.
A. Generally B. Originally
C. Eventually D. Unfortunately
【答案】C
【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：警察在这一地区搜查了好几天。最终，他们找到了他们一直在努力寻找的证据。A. Generally通常，普遍地；B. Originally起初，原来，独创地；C. Eventually最终；D. Unfortunately不幸地。分析句意，警察一直在努力找证据，努力有了结果，最终找到了，故选C。
14. 【2021年天津卷第二次】It’s a good idea to choose a(n) ________ destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available.
A. annual B. exact C. alternative D. pleasant
【答案】C
【解析】考查形容词。句意：如果你首选的旅游景点没有了，选择一个替代目的地是一个好主意。A. annual年度的；B. exact准确的；C. alternative替代的；D. pleasant令人愉快的。根据后文“destination in case your first-choice tourist spot is not available”可知此处指替代目的地，应用alternative。故选C。
