【2025年高考英语题型分类练】阅读理解七选五之
能力提升 组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 学生版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境（人与社会、人与自然、人与自我） 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
七选五 1 人与自我：聚焦于学习方法，介绍了在大学中取得好成绩的有效学习策略，帮助学生提升自我学习能力，属于人与自我中个人学习和成长的主题 说明文 0.65 高三英语学习
七选五 2 人与自我：围绕家庭清洁展开，提供了低压力的清洁起始方法，帮助人们更好地管理生活环境，提升生活质量，属于人与自我中个人生活管理的主题 说明文 0.65
七选五 3 人与社会：关注日常生活中如何应对他人分享的坏消息，给出了具体的方法和建议，涉及到人际交往中的情感支持和沟通技巧，属于人与社会中人际关系处理的主题 说明文 0.65
七选五 4 人与社会、哲理感悟：以极简主义和城市发展为例，探讨了改变的重要性以及如何突破传统思维，反映了社会发展中的理念转变和对进步的追求，同时蕴含哲理思考，属于人与社会中社会现象分析和哲理感悟的主题 说明文 0.4
七选五 5 人与自我、人与社会：从购物选择的角度出发，介绍了 “狄德罗效应” 以及避免无休止消费循环的方法，既涉及个人消费观念和自我控制，也反映了社会中消费文化的影响，属于人与自我中个人消费行为管理以及人与社会中消费现象分析 说明文 0.65
【技巧点拨】
高考英语七选五的解题技巧包括注重上下文逻辑关系、分析词汇线索、考虑句式结构特点等方面，以下是一些具体技巧：
关注上下文逻辑关系
并列与递进关系：若空格前后出现 “and”“also”“furthermore”“moreover” 等词，说明上下文是并列或递进关系，内容上会有相似或进一步的阐述。比如前文提到 “Eating fruits provides us with vitamins. ”，后文可能是 “And it also helps improve our digestion. ”，根据这种关系可判断选项应与水果的益处相关。
转折与对比关系：“but”“however”“while”“on the contrary” 等词表示转折或对比。若前文说 “Many people prefer to travel in groups. ”，后文用 “However, some people enjoy traveling alone. ”，则选项要体现出与前文不同的观点或情况。
因果关系：“because”“so”“therefore”“as a result” 等词体现因果关系。如 “Tom didn't study hard. Therefore, he failed in the exam. ”，选项要符合这种因果逻辑。
例证关系：有时文章会先提出观点，再用例子证明，会出现 “for example”“such as” 等词。如果前文是 “Some sports can improve our cardiovascular function. ”，后文可能是 “For example, running and swimming are good for the heart. ”，选项应是具体的例子或对例子的总结。
分析词汇线索
原词复现：选项中的某个关键词会在空格前后的句子中以原词形式出现，这往往是重要的解题线索。比如文章中多次出现 “smartphones”，选项中含有 “smartphones” 的可能就是正确答案。
同义词或近义词复现：除原词复现外，还会有同义词或近义词复现。如前文说 “job hunting”，后文选项可能用 “job seeking” 来表达相同意思。
代词指代：注意空格前后的代词，如 “this”“that”“these”“those”“it”“they” 等，明确它们所指代的内容，有助于确定选项。若前文说 “New technologies have brought great changes. These...”，“These” 指代的就是前面的 “New technologies”，选项应与新技术带来的变化相关内容。
考虑句式结构特点
排比结构：如果文章中出现排比句，如 “Reading can broaden our horizons. Writing can improve our expression ability. And...”，选项可能在句式和内容上与前两句构成排比，比如 “And speaking can enhance our communication skills. ”
疑问句式：若空格处是疑问句，要根据后文的回答来选择。如果后文是对方式方法的回答，选项可能是 “How to solve this problem ” 这类询问方法的问句。
祈使句式：祈使句通常用来提出建议、要求等。若文章是关于健康生活的，出现 “Eat more vegetables and fruits.”“Do more exercise. ” 等祈使句，选项可能也是类似的关于健康生活的建议，如 “Get enough sleep. ”
把握文章结构
标题与副标题：文章的标题和副标题能提示文章的主题和结构框架。如标题是 “Tips for a Successful Interview”，副标题有 “Preparation before the Interview” 等，选项要与面试技巧这个主题和各部分内容相符。
总分总结构：如果文章是总分总结构，开头会提出主题，中间分点论述，结尾总结。若开头提出 “Online learning has both advantages and disadvantages.”，中间分别阐述优缺点，结尾可能是 “In conclusion, we should make good use of online learning and avoid its drawbacks. ” 要根据文章的这种结构来选择合适的选项。
在解题时，可先快速浏览文章标题、首尾段和选项，了解文章大致内容和主题，再根据上述技巧仔细分析上下文，逐一确定答案，最后将选好的答案代入文章检查，确保逻辑通顺、语义连贯。
【词汇清障】
七选五 1
college / k l d /n. 大学；学院；高等专科学校
effectively / fekt vli/adv. 有效地；生效地；有力地
concentrate / k nsntre t/v. 集中（注意力）；聚精会神；使浓缩
focus / f k s/v. 集中（注意力、精力等）；使聚焦；n. 焦点；重点
schedule / edju l; sked u l/n. 工作计划；日程安排；v. 安排；为…… 安排时间
vocabulary /v k bj l ri/n. 词汇；词汇量；词汇表
selectively /s lekt vli/adv. 有选择地；选择性地
material /m t ri l/n. 材料；原料；素材；adj. 物质的；实际的
necessary / nes s ri/adj. 必需的；必要的；必然的；n. 必需品
participate /pɑ t s pe t/v. 参加；参与（participation n. 参与，参加）
intellectual / nt lekt u l/adj. 智力的；脑力的；有才智的；n. 知识分子
curiosity / kj ri s ti/n. 好奇心；求知欲；珍品
economics / i k n m ks; ek n m ks/n. 经济学；经济情况
socialist / s l st/adj. 社会主义的；n. 社会主义者
approach / pr t /v. 靠近；接近；着手处理；n. 方法；途径；接近
partner / pɑ tn (r)/n. 伙伴；合伙人；配偶；v. （使）成为搭档；合作
apply / pla /v. 申请；应用；适用；涂，敷
advocate / dv ke t/v. 提倡；拥护；主张；/ dv k t/n. 拥护者；倡导者；律师
minimalism / m n m l z m/n. 极简主义；简约主义
possession /p ze n/n. 拥有；财产；所有物
七选五 2
therapist / θer p st/n. 治疗专家；理疗师
tackle / t kl/v. 处理；对付；解决；n. 用具；装备；阻截
category / k t ɡ ri/n. 种类；类别；范畴
trash /tr /n. 垃圾；废物；废话；v. 丢弃；把…… 抛弃
laundry / l ndri/n. 洗衣物；洗衣店；要洗的衣服
wardrobe / w dr b/n. 衣柜；衣橱；全部衣物
hanger / h (r)/n. 衣架；挂钩；绞刑执行者
automatically / t m t kli/adv. 自动地；无意识地；必然地
digitize / d d ta z/v. 使数字化；使数码化
illustrate / l stre t/v. （用示例、图画等）说明；阐明；给（书等）加插图
vlogger / vl ɡ (r)/n. 视频博主
harmonious /hɑ m ni s/adj. 和谐的；协调的；和睦的
sustainable /s ste n bl/adj. 可持续的；能保持的；可忍受的
thrift /θr ft/n. 节俭；节约；繁荣；兴旺
donate /d ne t/v. 捐赠；捐献（尤指款或物）；赠送
trunk /tr k/n. 树干；象鼻；大衣箱；汽车后备箱
spiral / spa r l/n. 螺旋形；螺旋式的上升（或下降）；v. 盘旋上升（或下降）；急剧上升（或下降）
temptation /temp te n/n. 引诱；诱惑；诱惑物
decor / de k (r)/n. 装饰；装潢；装饰风格
mindful / ma ndfl/adj. 留意的；注意的；意识到的
七选五 3
colleague / k li ɡ/n. 同事；同僚
diagnose / da ɡn z/v. 诊断（疾病）；判断（问题）
psychologist /sa k l d st/n. 心理学家；心理学研究者
recommend / rek mend/v. 推荐；建议；劝告；使受欢迎
conversation / k nv se n/n. 交谈；谈话；会话
contact / k nt kt/v. 联系；联络；n. 联系；接触；熟人
empathy / emp θi/n. 同感；共鸣；同情
acknowledge / k n l d /v. 承认；认可；感谢；告知收到
understate / nd ste t/v. 轻描淡写；有意淡化；少说，少报
invalidate / n v l de t/v. 使无效；使作废；证明…… 错误
barrage / b rɑ /n. 弹幕；火力网；一连串（质问、批评等）
unnecessary / n nes s ri/adj. 不必要的；多余的
mindful / ma ndfl/adj. 留意的；注意的；意识到的
minimize / m n ma z/v. 使减少到最低限度；贬低；小看
temptation /temp te n/n. 引诱；诱惑；诱惑物
possess /p zes/v. 拥有；具有；支配；控制
repurpose / ri p p s/v. 重新利用；改变用途
resist /r z st/v. 抵制；抵抗；反抗；忍住
acquire / kwa (r)/v. 获得；取得；学到；捕获
advocate / dv ke t/v. 提倡；拥护；主张；/ dv k t/n. 拥护者；倡导者；律师
七选五 4
embrace / m bre s/v. 拥抱；欣然接受；包含；包括；n. 拥抱
advocate / dv ke t/v. 提倡；拥护；主张；/ dv k t/n. 拥护者；倡导者；律师
minimalism / m n m l z m/n. 极简主义；简约主义
simplify / s mpl fa /v. 简化；使简易
sustainable /s ste n bl/adj. 可持续的；能保持的；可忍受的
assess / ses/v. 评估；评定；估算
progress / pr ɡres/n. 进步；进展；前进；v. 前进；发展；进步
impact / mp kt/n. 影响；作用；冲击力；v. 影响；冲击；撞击
well-being / wel bi /n. 幸福；安康；福利
prosperity /pr sper ti/n. 繁荣；兴旺；成功
sufficient /s f nt/adj. 足够的；充足的；充分的
progressively /pr ɡres vli/adv. 逐步地；逐渐地；渐进地
mindset / ma ndset/n. 心态；思维模式
momentum /m ment m/n. 动力；势头；冲力；动量
ethics / eθ ks/n. 伦理；道德规范；道德标准
grapple / ɡr pl/v. 努力解决；搏斗；扭打；n. 格斗；扭打
conventional /k n ven nl/adj. 传统的；常见的；惯例的
innovative / n ve t v/adj. 创新的；革新的；富有革新精神的
harmonious /hɑ m ni s/adj. 和谐的；协调的；和睦的
universal / ju n v sl/adj. 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的
七选五 5
possession /p ze n/n. 拥有；财产；所有物
complain /k m ple n/v. 抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚
match /m t /v. 相配；相称；比得上；n. 比赛；火柴；匹配
cycle / sa kl/n. 循环；周期；自行车；v. 骑自行车；循环；轮转
consumption /k n s mp n/n. 消费；消耗；食用
recognize / rek ɡna z/v. 认识；认出；承认；意识到
spiral / spa r l/n. 螺旋形；螺旋式的上升（或下降）；v. 盘旋上升（或下降）；急剧上升（或下降）
temptation /temp te n/n. 引诱；诱惑；诱惑物
wardrobe / w dr b/n. 衣柜；衣橱；全部衣物
hanger / h (r)/n. 衣架；挂钩；绞刑执行者
automatically / t m t kli/adv. 自动地；无意识地；必然地
digitize / d d ta z/v. 使数字化；使数码化
illustrate / l stre t/v. （用示例、图画等）说明；阐明；给（书等）加插图
vlogger / vl ɡ (r)/n. 视频博主
harmonious /hɑ m ni s/adj. 和谐的；协调的；和睦的
sustainable /s ste n bl/adj. 可持续的；能保持的；可忍受的
thrift /θr ft/n. 节俭；节约；繁荣；兴旺
donate /d ne t/v. 捐赠；捐献（尤指款或物）；赠送
trunk /tr k/n. 树干；象鼻；大衣箱；汽车后备箱
mindful / ma ndfl/adj. 留意的；注意的；意识到的
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
七选五 1
（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Getting good grades in college does not depend only on how smart you are or even on how hard you work. In fact, the biggest key to success in college is learning how to study effectively. The following secrets of “A” students will tell you what it takes to get the best grades you can.
Concentrate! 1 . Once books are open, phone calls go unanswered, TV unwatched and newspaper unread. If you are worried about a sick friend, you call her before you start your homework. Then sit down to study. So you can really focus.
2 . If your schedule is full, study while you are doing other things. A student, for example, stuck a vocabulary list on his bathroom wall and learn a new word every day while brushing his teeth.
Learn how to read selectively. Pay careful attention to reading materials. 3 . However, “A” students have a good sense of the necessary messages.
Ask questions. This will make clear what points you understand well and in what areas you need more work. 4 . In a lecture on economics, curious students would ask how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and market driven, thus interesting themselves not only in whats, but also in whys and hows.
Study together. Working in a group with other students allows you to try different approaches and get support from your partners.
5 . If you apply them to your own work, you’ll be on the way to becoming an “A” student too.
A．Good grades are not developed in one day
B．These secrets of “A” students are not secret
C．Treat studying like a serious business
D．Study anywhere — or everywhere
E．Class participation is a matter of showing intellectual curiosity
F．Many students waste time in reading irrelevant materials
G．Organize your time evenly
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．F 4．E 5．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】学习、方法/策略
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在大学里取得好成绩的关键，即学会有效学习，并给出了A等生的学习秘诀。
1．上文“Concentrate! (集中精力！)”说明要集中精力学习，空处承接上文，说明集中精力学习要怎么做。C选项“像对待严肃的事情一样对待学习”介绍具体的做法，符合语境。故选C。
2．下文“If your schedule is full, study while you are doing other things. (如果你的日程安排很满，在做其他事情的同时学习)”说明在做其他事情的同时学习，即随时随地学习，D选项“在任何地方——或者到处学习”引出下文内容，符合语境。故选D。
3．上文“Pay careful attention to reading materials. (仔细阅读学习材料)”说明要仔细阅读学习材料，下文“However, “A” students have a good sense of the necessary messages. (然而，A等生对必要的信息有很好的理解)”说明A等生对必要的信息有很好的理解，可推测许多学生没有很好地理解必要的信息，在阅读无关的材料上浪费时间，F选项“许多学生在阅读无关的材料上浪费时间”承接上文，与下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选F。
4．下文“In a lecture on economics, curious students would ask how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and market driven, thus interesting themselves not only in whats, but also in whys and hows. (在经济学讲座中，好奇的学生会问中国经济如何既能是社会主义又能是市场驱动的，从而不仅对“是什么”感兴趣，而且对“为什么”和“怎么样”感兴趣)”说明好奇的学生会对讲座内容提问，表现出对知识的求知欲。E选项“课堂参与是表现求知欲的事情”引出下文内容，符合语境。故选E。
5．上文“Working in a group with other students allows you to try different approaches and get support from your partners. (与其他学生一起小组合作可以让你尝试不同的方法并从你的伙伴那里得到支持)”说明上文在介绍一些学习秘诀，引出下文“If you apply them to your own work, you’ ll be on the way to becoming an “A” student too. (如果你把它们应用到你的工作中，你也会在成为A等生的路上)”说明这些秘诀并不神秘，任何人都可以应用。B选项“这些A等生的秘诀并不神秘”承接上文，并引出下文内容，符合语境。故选B。
七选五 2
（2025·新疆·二模）4 low-stress ways to start cleaning
Davis is a therapist in Houston and mom to two young kids. After finding bite-size strategies that worked for her, Davis wrote How to Keep House While Drowning. A messy house can feel overwhelming to tackle. 6 But there’s good reason to work on building a healthier relationship with your home.
Tackle one category at a time
One day, Davis looked at her messy room and realized that every item could be sorted into one of five categories: trash, dishes, laundry, items that have a place, and odds and ends that don’t. She started cleaning up by category. she says “ 7 ”.
Edit your wardrobe automatically
Every New Year’s Eve, Davis turns all the hangers in her closet around so they’re hanging backward on the rod. “When you wear the item, you turn the hanger the other way,” she says. The hanger trick gives Davis visual proof of what she actually wore that year. “ 8 ” she says.
Scan your stuff
9 First, get rid of pictures you don’t like, Davis advises. Then, digitize the rest by scanning them with your computer. Every week, she takes a photo of their latest creation, then records them talking about it. Each kid chooses one piece of art to keep per year, and the rest live on in digital form.
10
Giving things away feels most meaningful when you pick a cause you support. If you’re donating to a local thrift store, keep a box in the trunk of your car. Otherwise, the pile might never leave your house.
A．You can’t argue with it.
B．Giving up the remaining things.
C．Make donating part of your routine.
D．And progress may seem slow at first.
E．It is hard to deal with the untidy house.
F．It provided a really simple road map for my brain
G．Items like photos can be emotionally difficult to throw.
【答案】6．D 7．F 8．A 9．G 10．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】方法/策略
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 4 种低压力的清洁起始方法，包括分类清理、整理衣橱、扫描物品、捐赠物品等。
6．由上文“A messy house can feel overwhelming to tackle.(杂乱的房子让人觉得难以处理)”可知，处理杂乱的房子会让人感觉压力大，后文“But there’s good reason to work on building a healthier relationship with your home.(但有充分的理由努力与你的家建立更健康的关系)”表转折，说明仍有必要处理。而D项“And progress may seem slow at first.(一开始进展可能看起来很慢)”进一步阐述处理杂乱房子时可能面临的情况，与前文描述的困难相呼应，且与后文转折形成逻辑关系。故选D项。
7．由上文“She started cleaning up by category.(她开始按类别清理)”可知，她采用按类别清理的方法，而F项“It provided a really simple road map for my brain (它为我的大脑提供了一个非常简单的路线图)”符合语境，其中it指代前文按类别清理的方法，说明这种方法对大脑思考清理步骤的作用。故选F项。
8．由上文“The hanger trick gives Davis visual proof of what she actually wore that year.(衣架技巧给了戴维斯她那一年实际穿过什么衣服的直观证据)”可知，这种衣架技巧提供了直观证据，而A项“You can’t argue with it.(你无法反驳它)”符合语境，其中it指代前文的直观证据，表明这种证据的客观性。故选A项。
9．由下文“First, get rid of pictures you don’t like, Davis advises.(戴维斯建议，首先，扔掉你不喜欢的照片)”可知，此处围绕处理照片展开，而G项“Items like photos can be emotionally difficult to throw.(像照片这样的物品在情感上可能很难扔掉)”引出照片这类物品处理起来的困难，与下文处理照片的建议相呼应。故选G项。
10．由下文“Giving things away feels most meaningful when you pick a cause you support. If you’re donating to a local thrift store, keep a box in the trunk of your car.(当你选择一个你支持的事业时，捐赠物品会感觉最有意义。如果你要捐赠给当地的旧货店，在你的汽车后备箱里放一个盒子)”可知，此段围绕捐赠展开，而C项“Make donating part of your routine.(把捐赠变成你日常生活的一部分)”概括了该段主旨，作为小标题合适。故选C项。
七选五 3
（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期末）Whether a friend has broken up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has been diagnosed with a health condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be unsure about how best to help or feel awkward and uncomfortable. 11 Show you care
Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to have the conversation if possible. 12 “Good eye contact and relaxed non-verbal cues, such as leaning forward slightly, nodding and using appropriate facial expressions that convey warmth and empathy can put the person at ease. Acknowledging their feelings through statements helps people feel heard,” Ruth continues.Ask what they need
Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share their experience. Ruth says, “ 13 ” 14
Accidentally we tend to understate the person’s experience with comments like “ 15 ” This can invalidate (驳斥) their feelings and experiences. Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice, or pushing the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a barrage of possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make the person feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.
A．It could have been worse.
B．It is the worst news I’ve heard.
C．Try not to minimize or make it about you.
D．Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.
E．Listening is more powerful than comforting words.
F．Here, we look at what to do when someone shares their difficult news with you.
G．Asking can offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.
【答案】11．F 12．D 13．G 14．C 15．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】日常生活 、方法/策略
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了当有人与你分享他们的坏消息时，你应该如何做，给出了一些具体的建议，如表现出关心、询问对方需要什么、尽量不要轻描淡写或把话题引到自己身上等。
11．设空位于首段段尾，应是起到点明本文主题，引出下文的作用，根据前文“Whether a friend has broken up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has been diagnosed with a health condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be unsure about how best to help or feel awkward and uncomfortable.(不管是朋友和长期伴侣分手了，同事失业了，还是爱人被诊断出患有疾病，总有一些时候人们会和我们分享不幸的消息。我们可能不确定如何最好地帮助或感到尴尬和不舒服)”可知，本文主题，应是有人和你分享不幸的消息时如何处理，所以F项“Here, we look at what to do when someone shares their difficult news with you.(在这里，我们来看看当有人和你分享他们艰难的消息时该怎么做)”符合文意，承接上文，点明主题。故选F项。
12．根据前文“Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to have the conversation if possible.(石溪大学的心理学家鲁斯建议，如果可能的话，尽量找一个安静的地方进行对话)”可知，D项“Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.(避免看手机或其他让人分心的东西)”是对前文的进一步说明，符合文意。故选D项。
13．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share their experience.(有时人们需要发泄，有时他们需要解决方案，所以最好问问你如何支持他们。看看他们是需要建议还是只是分享他们的经验)”可知，本段主要讲述可以询问对方的需求，所以G项“Asking can offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.(当他们感到不知所措时，询问可以给他们一种被倾听的感觉)”是对前文的总结，符合本段主题。故选G项。
14．设空为本段小标题，根据后文“Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice, or pushing the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a barrage of possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make the person feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.(鲁斯还建议，尽量避免主动提供未经请求的建议，或者在对方还没准备好之前就催促他们解决问题。她说：“他们可能已经不知所措，而在没有充分了解所有因素的情况下，一大堆可能性和解决方案可能会让他们觉得无助，并感觉自己没有被倾听。”鲁斯补充道：“尽量不要让自己成为谈话的焦点。”)”可知，本段主要讲述不要在没有充分了解所有因素的情况下，给出一大堆可能性和解决方案，或把话题引到自己身上。所以C项“Try not to minimize or make it about you.(尽量不要轻描淡写或把话题引到自己身上)”符合本段主题，为本段小标题。故选C项。
15．根据前文“Accidentally we tend to understate the person’s experience with comments like(我们无意中倾向于低估别人的经历，比如)”可知，空处应是针对低估别人的经历这件事，进行举例，所以A项“It could have been worse.(本来可能更糟)”符合此处主题，是对前文的举例。故选A项。
七选五 4
（2025·广东·一模）The Magic of Embracing Change
Just in the past few weeks, my friend has become an advocate of the idea of minimalism. Minimalism is seemingly about simplifying lifestyles to own fewer possessions. But as my friend told me all the creative methods people are adopting to reduce material desires or repurpose items or resist the urge to constantly acquire new things, I realized that, minimalism begins with something deeper. 16 And in many ways, the initial step, which is merely being open to a different approach, can be the most challenging step of all.
This struck me as I read a cover story on urban development. On the surface, it’s about more and more cities deciding to adopt green building standards as a necessary measure for sustainable growth. 17 That is always going to be tough. But in recent years, cities have recognized that the traditional ways of assessing progress, while not necessarily incorrect, were limited. While they measured one aspect of development well, they failed to take into account a broad range of factors, such as environmental impact, community well-being, and cultural richness that were equally vital to the overall success and prosperity of a city. 18 The old standards weren’t sufficient. Cities could do better.
So what has occurred Cities are progressively agreeing to think differently about urban planning. They are determined to do their utmost to consider the whole picture. 19 Some argue that abandoning strict building codes is a mistake. Nevertheless, once the first step is taken, the momentum of logic and ethics accelerates progress. At a time when there seems to be so much uncertainty in the world, it is possible to look around and instead see something else: the world constantly grappling with the ongoing task of agreeing to new concepts. Transportation today illustrates how easily we can get stuck in the conventional mindset. 20 That can be an urban planner striving to be more innovative in designing public spaces. Or it can be a minimalist vlogger urging us all to think differently about how we can create a more harmonious and sustainable environment. The only constant is the universal pursuit of improvement, and that will never leave us where it started.
A．It commences with a willingness to alter our mindset.
B．There have inevitably been some missteps throughout this journey.
C．In essence, they excluded numerous exceptional opportunities without even noticing.
D．At its heart, it exposes a more fundamental issue: how we assess the value of urban progress.
E．They offer the most cutting-edge facilities and guarantee the financial success of every resident.
F．Conversely, the world is perpetually demanding that we act with greater foresight, greater responsibility, and a broader perspective.
G．Several cities renowned for their stringent urban regulations saw an unexpected influx of investors.
【答案】16．A 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．F
【难度】0.4
【知识点】社会问题与社会现象、哲理感悟
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以简约主义和城市发展为例，阐述改变始于思维方式的转变，指出世界不断要求我们突破传统思维追求进步。
16．前文“But as my friend told me all the creative methods people are adopting to reduce material desires or repurpose items or resist the urge to constantly acquire new things, I realized that, minimalism begins with something deeper. (但是，正如我的朋友告诉我的那样，人们采用的所有创造性方法都是为了减少物质欲望，改变物品的用途，或者抵制不断获得新事物的冲动，我意识到，极简主义始于更深层次的东西)”提到极简主义始于更深层次的东西，因此A项“It commences with a willingness to alter our mindset. (它始于改变我们心态的意愿)”符合语境，解释了更深层次的东西是什么，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的minimalism。故选A。
17．前文“This struck me as I read a cover story on urban development. On the surface, it’s about more and more cities deciding to adopt green building standards as a necessary measure for sustainable growth. (当我读到一篇关于城市发展的封面故事时，这让我很震惊。从表面上看，越来越多的城市决定采用绿色建筑标准作为可持续发展的必要措施)”提到城市发展的表层现象，后文“That is always going to be tough. But in recent years, cities have recognized that the traditional ways of assessing progress, while not necessarily incorrect, were limited. (这总是很困难的。但近年来，各城市已经认识到，评估进步的传统方法虽然不一定不正确，但也有局限性)”提到传统评估进步的方式有局限，因此D项“At its heart, it exposes a more fundamental issue: how we assess the value of urban progress. (在其核心，它暴露了一个更根本的问题：我们如何评估城市进步的价值)”符合语境，指出城市发展的根本问题在于如何评估进步的价值，承前启后。故选D。
18．前文“While they measured one aspect of development well, they failed to take into account a broad range of factors, such as environmental impact, community well-being, and cultural richness that were equally vital to the overall success and prosperity of a city. (虽然他们很好地衡量了发展的一个方面，但他们没有考虑到更广泛的因素，如环境影响、社区福祉和文化丰富性，这些因素对城市的整体成功和繁荣同样至关重要)”指出传统评估方式没考虑很多重要因素，因此C项“In essence, they excluded numerous exceptional opportunities without even noticing. (本质上，他们甚至没有注意到就排除了许多非凡的机会)”符合语境，进一步说明传统方式的弊端，承接前文。故选C。
19．后文“Some argue that abandoning strict building codes is a mistake. (一些人认为，放弃严格的建筑规范是一个错误)”提到放弃严格建筑规范的错误，因此B项“There have inevitably been some missteps throughout this journey. (在这段旅程中不可避免地会有一些失误)”符合语境，说明城市规划改变过程中存在问题，引出后文。故选B。
20．前文“Transportation today illustrates how easily we can get stuck in the conventional mindset. (今天的交通说明了我们是多么容易陷入传统思维)”从交通方面说明我们容易陷入传统思维，后文“That can be an urban planner striving to be more innovative in designing public spaces. Or it can be a minimalist vlogger urging us all to think differently about how we can create a more harmonious and sustainable environment. (这可以是一个城市规划师在设计公共空间时力求更创新。也可以是一个极简主义的视频博主，敦促我们从不同的角度思考如何创造一个更和谐、更可持续的环境)”举例说明不同的人努力创新，因此F项“Conversely, the world is perpetually demanding that we act with greater foresight, greater responsibility, and a broader perspective. (相反，世界永远要求我们以更大的远见、更大的责任感和更广阔的视角行事)”符合语境，总的指出要去创新，与前文形成转折，又引出后文的例子。故选F。
七选五 5
（24-25高三上·河南·期末）The Diderot Effect is what happens when a new possession makes our old things look bad so we feel a need to replace them all. You buy your kids new backpacks for school and they complain that their pencil cases and lunch bags don’t match, so you buy them new pencil cases and lunch bags. Then, of course, you can’t put their old pencils in new pencil cases so you buy new pencils, and pens. 21 This cycle of replacing old items with new ones can be endless, and even if we’ve never heard the name before, it’s hard to deny the impact of the Diderot Effect on our lives. So, what steps can you take to break this endless cycle of consumption
Recognize it before it happens.
22 Don’t let every new item start an endless spiral of purchases. Each time you buy something new, remind yourself that the other items you’re feeling tempted (被引诱的) to replace were perfectly fine until now — and probably still are.
Buy new items that fit what you already have.
When you do need to buy something new, finding pieces that fit what you already own will reduce the temptation to replace perfectly good things. For example, add a new piece of furniture that matches your existing room decor (装饰风格). Otherwise, you’ll need to buy everything new. 23
Practise mindful shopping.
Mindful shopping is about being fully aware of your thoughts and feelings before purchasing a new item. 24 That is, before buying anything, stop and ask yourself a few mindful shopping questions. Ninety-nine times out of a hundred, you’ll decide you don’t really need the item.
25
Despite what marketers want you to believe, it’s good to remind yourself that material possessions don’t define your self-worth. Ensure you buy items because you really need or want them, and not just to impress your social circle.
A．Let go of wanting things.
B．Remember that things are just things.
C．How can we reduce the chances of out-of-control spending
D．Do you see how this pattern can lead to unnecessary spending
E．It requires you to question if you truly need something.
F．This is because the new piece mismatches your existing style.
G．The first step to breaking the cycle is to be aware of the Diderot Effect and prevent it.
【答案】21．D 22．G 23．F 24．E 25．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】购物选择、方法/策略
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是“狄德罗效应”以及如何避免无休止的消费循环。
21．根据上文“The Diderot Effect is what happens when a new possession makes our old things look bad so we feel a need to replace them all. You buy your kids new backpacks for school and they complain that their pencil cases and lunch bags don’t match, so you buy them new pencil cases and lunch bags. Then, of course, you can’t put their old pencils in new pencil cases so you buy new pencils, and pens.(“狄德罗效应”指的是，当一件新东西让我们的旧东西看起来很糟糕，所以我们觉得有必要把它们全部替换掉。你给孩子们买了新的书包，他们抱怨铅笔盒和午餐袋不匹配，所以你给他们买了新的铅笔盒和午餐袋。然后，当然，你不能把他们的旧铅笔放在新的铅笔盒里，所以你买新的铅笔和钢笔)”以及后文“This cycle of replacing old items with new ones can be endless, and even if we’ve never heard the name before, it’s hard to deny the impact of the Diderot Effect on our lives. So, what steps can you take to break this endless cycle of consumption (这种以旧换新的循环可能是无止境的，即使我们以前从未听说过这个名字，也很难否认狄德罗效应对我们生活的影响。那么，你可以采取哪些措施来打破这种无休止的消费循环呢？)”可知，上文解释了一种购物效应，推测本句应说明这种效应所带来的影响。故D选项“你知道这种模式会导致不必要的开支吗”符合语境，故选D。
22．根据标题“Recognize it before it happens.(在它发生之前意识到它)”以及后文“Don’t let every new item start an endless spiral of purchases. Each time you buy something new, remind yourself that the other items you’re feeling tempted (被引诱的) to replace were perfectly fine until now — and probably still are.(不要让每一件新物品都引发无休止的购买。每次你买新东西的时候，提醒自己那些你想要替换的东西直到现在都很好——可能现在仍然很好)”可知，后文提到不要让每一件新物品都引发无休止的购买，提醒自己那些你想要替换的东西直到现在都很好，说明了预先提醒自己不要过多消费，加以预防。故G选项“打破这个循环的第一步是意识到狄德罗效应并加以预防”符合语境，故选G。
23．根据上文“When you do need to buy something new, finding pieces that fit what you already own will reduce the temptation to replace perfectly good things. For example, add a new piece of furniture that matches your existing room decor (装饰风格). Otherwise, you’ll need to buy everything new.(当你确实需要买新东西的时候，找一些适合你已经拥有的东西会减少你更换完美的东西的诱惑。例如，添加一件与你现有房间装饰相匹配的新家具。否则，你所有东西就得买新的了)”可知，上文提到了买了新家具所有东西就得买新的，本句承接上文，说明会发生这种情况的原因。故F选项“这是因为这件新家具和你现有的款式不匹配”符合语境，故选F。
24．根据上文“Mindful shopping is about being fully aware of your thoughts and feelings before purchasing a new item.(有意识购物是指在购买新物品之前充分意识到自己的想法和感受)”可知，上文提到了有意识购物的概念，推测本句承接上文，说明有意识购物的内在要求，E选项中It指代上文Mindful shopping。故E选项“它要求你质疑自己是否真的需要某样东西”符合语境，故选E。
25．根据本段内容“Despite what marketers want you to believe, it’s good to remind yourself that material possessions don’t define your self-worth. Ensure you buy items because you really need or want them, and not just to impress your social circle.(不管营销人员想让你相信什么，提醒自己物质财富并不能定义你的自我价值是件好事。确保你买东西是因为你真的需要或想要它们，而不仅仅是为了给你的社交圈留下深刻印象)”可知，本段主要说明了提醒自己物质财富并不能定义你的自我价值是件好事，即强调了东西只是东西，不出于其他目的去购物东西。故B选项“记住，东西只是东西”符合语境，故选B。【2025年高考英语题型分类练】阅读理解七选五之
能力提升 组合卷
（试题说明+技巧点拨+单词清障+最新全国各地真题模拟题精选） 教师版
【试题说明】
语篇 主题语境（人与社会、人与自然、人与自我） 体裁 难度系数 适合阶段
七选五 1 人与自我：聚焦于学习方法，介绍了在大学中取得好成绩的有效学习策略，帮助学生提升自我学习能力，属于人与自我中个人学习和成长的主题 说明文 0.65 高三英语学习
七选五 2 人与自我：围绕家庭清洁展开，提供了低压力的清洁起始方法，帮助人们更好地管理生活环境，提升生活质量，属于人与自我中个人生活管理的主题 说明文 0.65
七选五 3 人与社会：关注日常生活中如何应对他人分享的坏消息，给出了具体的方法和建议，涉及到人际交往中的情感支持和沟通技巧，属于人与社会中人际关系处理的主题 说明文 0.65
七选五 4 人与社会、哲理感悟：以极简主义和城市发展为例，探讨了改变的重要性以及如何突破传统思维，反映了社会发展中的理念转变和对进步的追求，同时蕴含哲理思考，属于人与社会中社会现象分析和哲理感悟的主题 说明文 0.4
七选五 5 人与自我、人与社会：从购物选择的角度出发，介绍了 “狄德罗效应” 以及避免无休止消费循环的方法，既涉及个人消费观念和自我控制，也反映了社会中消费文化的影响，属于人与自我中个人消费行为管理以及人与社会中消费现象分析 说明文 0.65
【技巧点拨】
高考英语七选五的解题技巧包括注重上下文逻辑关系、分析词汇线索、考虑句式结构特点等方面，以下是一些具体技巧：
关注上下文逻辑关系
并列与递进关系：若空格前后出现 “and”“also”“furthermore”“moreover” 等词，说明上下文是并列或递进关系，内容上会有相似或进一步的阐述。比如前文提到 “Eating fruits provides us with vitamins. ”，后文可能是 “And it also helps improve our digestion. ”，根据这种关系可判断选项应与水果的益处相关。
转折与对比关系：“but”“however”“while”“on the contrary” 等词表示转折或对比。若前文说 “Many people prefer to travel in groups. ”，后文用 “However, some people enjoy traveling alone. ”，则选项要体现出与前文不同的观点或情况。
因果关系：“because”“so”“therefore”“as a result” 等词体现因果关系。如 “Tom didn't study hard. Therefore, he failed in the exam. ”，选项要符合这种因果逻辑。
例证关系：有时文章会先提出观点，再用例子证明，会出现 “for example”“such as” 等词。如果前文是 “Some sports can improve our cardiovascular function. ”，后文可能是 “For example, running and swimming are good for the heart. ”，选项应是具体的例子或对例子的总结。
分析词汇线索
原词复现：选项中的某个关键词会在空格前后的句子中以原词形式出现，这往往是重要的解题线索。比如文章中多次出现 “smartphones”，选项中含有 “smartphones” 的可能就是正确答案。
同义词或近义词复现：除原词复现外，还会有同义词或近义词复现。如前文说 “job hunting”，后文选项可能用 “job seeking” 来表达相同意思。
代词指代：注意空格前后的代词，如 “this”“that”“these”“those”“it”“they” 等，明确它们所指代的内容，有助于确定选项。若前文说 “New technologies have brought great changes. These...”，“These” 指代的就是前面的 “New technologies”，选项应与新技术带来的变化相关内容。
考虑句式结构特点
排比结构：如果文章中出现排比句，如 “Reading can broaden our horizons. Writing can improve our expression ability. And...”，选项可能在句式和内容上与前两句构成排比，比如 “And speaking can enhance our communication skills. ”
疑问句式：若空格处是疑问句，要根据后文的回答来选择。如果后文是对方式方法的回答，选项可能是 “How to solve this problem ” 这类询问方法的问句。
祈使句式：祈使句通常用来提出建议、要求等。若文章是关于健康生活的，出现 “Eat more vegetables and fruits.”“Do more exercise. ” 等祈使句，选项可能也是类似的关于健康生活的建议，如 “Get enough sleep. ”
把握文章结构
标题与副标题：文章的标题和副标题能提示文章的主题和结构框架。如标题是 “Tips for a Successful Interview”，副标题有 “Preparation before the Interview” 等，选项要与面试技巧这个主题和各部分内容相符。
总分总结构：如果文章是总分总结构，开头会提出主题，中间分点论述，结尾总结。若开头提出 “Online learning has both advantages and disadvantages.”，中间分别阐述优缺点，结尾可能是 “In conclusion, we should make good use of online learning and avoid its drawbacks. ” 要根据文章的这种结构来选择合适的选项。
在解题时，可先快速浏览文章标题、首尾段和选项，了解文章大致内容和主题，再根据上述技巧仔细分析上下文，逐一确定答案，最后将选好的答案代入文章检查，确保逻辑通顺、语义连贯。
【词汇清障】
七选五 1
college / k l d /n. 大学；学院；高等专科学校
effectively / fekt vli/adv. 有效地；生效地；有力地
concentrate / k nsntre t/v. 集中（注意力）；聚精会神；使浓缩
focus / f k s/v. 集中（注意力、精力等）；使聚焦；n. 焦点；重点
schedule / edju l; sked u l/n. 工作计划；日程安排；v. 安排；为…… 安排时间
vocabulary /v k bj l ri/n. 词汇；词汇量；词汇表
selectively /s lekt vli/adv. 有选择地；选择性地
material /m t ri l/n. 材料；原料；素材；adj. 物质的；实际的
necessary / nes s ri/adj. 必需的；必要的；必然的；n. 必需品
participate /pɑ t s pe t/v. 参加；参与（participation n. 参与，参加）
intellectual / nt lekt u l/adj. 智力的；脑力的；有才智的；n. 知识分子
curiosity / kj ri s ti/n. 好奇心；求知欲；珍品
economics / i k n m ks; ek n m ks/n. 经济学；经济情况
socialist / s l st/adj. 社会主义的；n. 社会主义者
approach / pr t /v. 靠近；接近；着手处理；n. 方法；途径；接近
partner / pɑ tn (r)/n. 伙伴；合伙人；配偶；v. （使）成为搭档；合作
apply / pla /v. 申请；应用；适用；涂，敷
advocate / dv ke t/v. 提倡；拥护；主张；/ dv k t/n. 拥护者；倡导者；律师
minimalism / m n m l z m/n. 极简主义；简约主义
possession /p ze n/n. 拥有；财产；所有物
七选五 2
therapist / θer p st/n. 治疗专家；理疗师
tackle / t kl/v. 处理；对付；解决；n. 用具；装备；阻截
category / k t ɡ ri/n. 种类；类别；范畴
trash /tr /n. 垃圾；废物；废话；v. 丢弃；把…… 抛弃
laundry / l ndri/n. 洗衣物；洗衣店；要洗的衣服
wardrobe / w dr b/n. 衣柜；衣橱；全部衣物
hanger / h (r)/n. 衣架；挂钩；绞刑执行者
automatically / t m t kli/adv. 自动地；无意识地；必然地
digitize / d d ta z/v. 使数字化；使数码化
illustrate / l stre t/v. （用示例、图画等）说明；阐明；给（书等）加插图
vlogger / vl ɡ (r)/n. 视频博主
harmonious /hɑ m ni s/adj. 和谐的；协调的；和睦的
sustainable /s ste n bl/adj. 可持续的；能保持的；可忍受的
thrift /θr ft/n. 节俭；节约；繁荣；兴旺
donate /d ne t/v. 捐赠；捐献（尤指款或物）；赠送
trunk /tr k/n. 树干；象鼻；大衣箱；汽车后备箱
spiral / spa r l/n. 螺旋形；螺旋式的上升（或下降）；v. 盘旋上升（或下降）；急剧上升（或下降）
temptation /temp te n/n. 引诱；诱惑；诱惑物
decor / de k (r)/n. 装饰；装潢；装饰风格
mindful / ma ndfl/adj. 留意的；注意的；意识到的
七选五 3
colleague / k li ɡ/n. 同事；同僚
diagnose / da ɡn z/v. 诊断（疾病）；判断（问题）
psychologist /sa k l d st/n. 心理学家；心理学研究者
recommend / rek mend/v. 推荐；建议；劝告；使受欢迎
conversation / k nv se n/n. 交谈；谈话；会话
contact / k nt kt/v. 联系；联络；n. 联系；接触；熟人
empathy / emp θi/n. 同感；共鸣；同情
acknowledge / k n l d /v. 承认；认可；感谢；告知收到
understate / nd ste t/v. 轻描淡写；有意淡化；少说，少报
invalidate / n v l de t/v. 使无效；使作废；证明…… 错误
barrage / b rɑ /n. 弹幕；火力网；一连串（质问、批评等）
unnecessary / n nes s ri/adj. 不必要的；多余的
mindful / ma ndfl/adj. 留意的；注意的；意识到的
minimize / m n ma z/v. 使减少到最低限度；贬低；小看
temptation /temp te n/n. 引诱；诱惑；诱惑物
possess /p zes/v. 拥有；具有；支配；控制
repurpose / ri p p s/v. 重新利用；改变用途
resist /r z st/v. 抵制；抵抗；反抗；忍住
acquire / kwa (r)/v. 获得；取得；学到；捕获
advocate / dv ke t/v. 提倡；拥护；主张；/ dv k t/n. 拥护者；倡导者；律师
七选五 4
embrace / m bre s/v. 拥抱；欣然接受；包含；包括；n. 拥抱
advocate / dv ke t/v. 提倡；拥护；主张；/ dv k t/n. 拥护者；倡导者；律师
minimalism / m n m l z m/n. 极简主义；简约主义
simplify / s mpl fa /v. 简化；使简易
sustainable /s ste n bl/adj. 可持续的；能保持的；可忍受的
assess / ses/v. 评估；评定；估算
progress / pr ɡres/n. 进步；进展；前进；v. 前进；发展；进步
impact / mp kt/n. 影响；作用；冲击力；v. 影响；冲击；撞击
well-being / wel bi /n. 幸福；安康；福利
prosperity /pr sper ti/n. 繁荣；兴旺；成功
sufficient /s f nt/adj. 足够的；充足的；充分的
progressively /pr ɡres vli/adv. 逐步地；逐渐地；渐进地
mindset / ma ndset/n. 心态；思维模式
momentum /m ment m/n. 动力；势头；冲力；动量
ethics / eθ ks/n. 伦理；道德规范；道德标准
grapple / ɡr pl/v. 努力解决；搏斗；扭打；n. 格斗；扭打
conventional /k n ven nl/adj. 传统的；常见的；惯例的
innovative / n ve t v/adj. 创新的；革新的；富有革新精神的
harmonious /hɑ m ni s/adj. 和谐的；协调的；和睦的
universal / ju n v sl/adj. 普遍的；全体的；全世界的；共同的
七选五 5
possession /p ze n/n. 拥有；财产；所有物
complain /k m ple n/v. 抱怨；埋怨；发牢骚
match /m t /v. 相配；相称；比得上；n. 比赛；火柴；匹配
cycle / sa kl/n. 循环；周期；自行车；v. 骑自行车；循环；轮转
consumption /k n s mp n/n. 消费；消耗；食用
recognize / rek ɡna z/v. 认识；认出；承认；意识到
spiral / spa r l/n. 螺旋形；螺旋式的上升（或下降）；v. 盘旋上升（或下降）；急剧上升（或下降）
temptation /temp te n/n. 引诱；诱惑；诱惑物
wardrobe / w dr b/n. 衣柜；衣橱；全部衣物
hanger / h (r)/n. 衣架；挂钩；绞刑执行者
automatically / t m t kli/adv. 自动地；无意识地；必然地
digitize / d d ta z/v. 使数字化；使数码化
illustrate / l stre t/v. （用示例、图画等）说明；阐明；给（书等）加插图
vlogger / vl ɡ (r)/n. 视频博主
harmonious /hɑ m ni s/adj. 和谐的；协调的；和睦的
sustainable /s ste n bl/adj. 可持续的；能保持的；可忍受的
thrift /θr ft/n. 节俭；节约；繁荣；兴旺
donate /d ne t/v. 捐赠；捐献（尤指款或物）；赠送
trunk /tr k/n. 树干；象鼻；大衣箱；汽车后备箱
mindful / ma ndfl/adj. 留意的；注意的；意识到的
【习题精做】
第一部分 阅读理解
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
七选五 1
（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Getting good grades in college does not depend only on how smart you are or even on how hard you work. In fact, the biggest key to success in college is learning how to study effectively. The following secrets of “A” students will tell you what it takes to get the best grades you can.
Concentrate! 1 . Once books are open, phone calls go unanswered, TV unwatched and newspaper unread. If you are worried about a sick friend, you call her before you start your homework. Then sit down to study. So you can really focus.
2 . If your schedule is full, study while you are doing other things. A student, for example, stuck a vocabulary list on his bathroom wall and learn a new word every day while brushing his teeth.
Learn how to read selectively. Pay careful attention to reading materials. 3 . However, “A” students have a good sense of the necessary messages.
Ask questions. This will make clear what points you understand well and in what areas you need more work. 4 . In a lecture on economics, curious students would ask how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and market driven, thus interesting themselves not only in whats, but also in whys and hows.
Study together. Working in a group with other students allows you to try different approaches and get support from your partners.
5 . If you apply them to your own work, you’ll be on the way to becoming an “A” student too.
A．Good grades are not developed in one day
B．These secrets of “A” students are not secret
C．Treat studying like a serious business
D．Study anywhere — or everywhere
E．Class participation is a matter of showing intellectual curiosity
F．Many students waste time in reading irrelevant materials
G．Organize your time evenly
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．F 4．E 5．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】学习、方法/策略
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在大学里取得好成绩的关键，即学会有效学习，并给出了A等生的学习秘诀。
1．上文“Concentrate! (集中精力！)”说明要集中精力学习，空处承接上文，说明集中精力学习要怎么做。C选项“像对待严肃的事情一样对待学习”介绍具体的做法，符合语境。故选C。
2．下文“If your schedule is full, study while you are doing other things. (如果你的日程安排很满，在做其他事情的同时学习)”说明在做其他事情的同时学习，即随时随地学习，D选项“在任何地方——或者到处学习”引出下文内容，符合语境。故选D。
3．上文“Pay careful attention to reading materials. (仔细阅读学习材料)”说明要仔细阅读学习材料，下文“However, “A” students have a good sense of the necessary messages. (然而，A等生对必要的信息有很好的理解)”说明A等生对必要的信息有很好的理解，可推测许多学生没有很好地理解必要的信息，在阅读无关的材料上浪费时间，F选项“许多学生在阅读无关的材料上浪费时间”承接上文，与下文形成转折关系，符合语境。故选F。
4．下文“In a lecture on economics, curious students would ask how the Chinese economy could be both socialist and market driven, thus interesting themselves not only in whats, but also in whys and hows. (在经济学讲座中，好奇的学生会问中国经济如何既能是社会主义又能是市场驱动的，从而不仅对“是什么”感兴趣，而且对“为什么”和“怎么样”感兴趣)”说明好奇的学生会对讲座内容提问，表现出对知识的求知欲。E选项“课堂参与是表现求知欲的事情”引出下文内容，符合语境。故选E。
5．上文“Working in a group with other students allows you to try different approaches and get support from your partners. (与其他学生一起小组合作可以让你尝试不同的方法并从你的伙伴那里得到支持)”说明上文在介绍一些学习秘诀，引出下文“If you apply them to your own work, you’ ll be on the way to becoming an “A” student too. (如果你把它们应用到你的工作中，你也会在成为A等生的路上)”说明这些秘诀并不神秘，任何人都可以应用。B选项“这些A等生的秘诀并不神秘”承接上文，并引出下文内容，符合语境。故选B。
七选五 2
（2025·新疆·二模）4 low-stress ways to start cleaning
Davis is a therapist in Houston and mom to two young kids. After finding bite-size strategies that worked for her, Davis wrote How to Keep House While Drowning. A messy house can feel overwhelming to tackle. 6 But there’s good reason to work on building a healthier relationship with your home.
Tackle one category at a time
One day, Davis looked at her messy room and realized that every item could be sorted into one of five categories: trash, dishes, laundry, items that have a place, and odds and ends that don’t. She started cleaning up by category. she says “ 7 ”.
Edit your wardrobe automatically
Every New Year’s Eve, Davis turns all the hangers in her closet around so they’re hanging backward on the rod. “When you wear the item, you turn the hanger the other way,” she says. The hanger trick gives Davis visual proof of what she actually wore that year. “ 8 ” she says.
Scan your stuff
9 First, get rid of pictures you don’t like, Davis advises. Then, digitize the rest by scanning them with your computer. Every week, she takes a photo of their latest creation, then records them talking about it. Each kid chooses one piece of art to keep per year, and the rest live on in digital form.
10
Giving things away feels most meaningful when you pick a cause you support. If you’re donating to a local thrift store, keep a box in the trunk of your car. Otherwise, the pile might never leave your house.
A．You can’t argue with it.
B．Giving up the remaining things.
C．Make donating part of your routine.
D．And progress may seem slow at first.
E．It is hard to deal with the untidy house.
F．It provided a really simple road map for my brain
G．Items like photos can be emotionally difficult to throw.
【答案】6．D 7．F 8．A 9．G 10．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】方法/策略
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了 4 种低压力的清洁起始方法，包括分类清理、整理衣橱、扫描物品、捐赠物品等。
6．由上文“A messy house can feel overwhelming to tackle.(杂乱的房子让人觉得难以处理)”可知，处理杂乱的房子会让人感觉压力大，后文“But there’s good reason to work on building a healthier relationship with your home.(但有充分的理由努力与你的家建立更健康的关系)”表转折，说明仍有必要处理。而D项“And progress may seem slow at first.(一开始进展可能看起来很慢)”进一步阐述处理杂乱房子时可能面临的情况，与前文描述的困难相呼应，且与后文转折形成逻辑关系。故选D项。
7．由上文“She started cleaning up by category.(她开始按类别清理)”可知，她采用按类别清理的方法，而F项“It provided a really simple road map for my brain (它为我的大脑提供了一个非常简单的路线图)”符合语境，其中it指代前文按类别清理的方法，说明这种方法对大脑思考清理步骤的作用。故选F项。
8．由上文“The hanger trick gives Davis visual proof of what she actually wore that year.(衣架技巧给了戴维斯她那一年实际穿过什么衣服的直观证据)”可知，这种衣架技巧提供了直观证据，而A项“You can’t argue with it.(你无法反驳它)”符合语境，其中it指代前文的直观证据，表明这种证据的客观性。故选A项。
9．由下文“First, get rid of pictures you don’t like, Davis advises.(戴维斯建议，首先，扔掉你不喜欢的照片)”可知，此处围绕处理照片展开，而G项“Items like photos can be emotionally difficult to throw.(像照片这样的物品在情感上可能很难扔掉)”引出照片这类物品处理起来的困难，与下文处理照片的建议相呼应。故选G项。
10．由下文“Giving things away feels most meaningful when you pick a cause you support. If you’re donating to a local thrift store, keep a box in the trunk of your car.(当你选择一个你支持的事业时，捐赠物品会感觉最有意义。如果你要捐赠给当地的旧货店，在你的汽车后备箱里放一个盒子)”可知，此段围绕捐赠展开，而C项“Make donating part of your routine.(把捐赠变成你日常生活的一部分)”概括了该段主旨，作为小标题合适。故选C项。
七选五 3
（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期末）Whether a friend has broken up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has been diagnosed with a health condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be unsure about how best to help or feel awkward and uncomfortable. 11 Show you care
Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to have the conversation if possible. 12 “Good eye contact and relaxed non-verbal cues, such as leaning forward slightly, nodding and using appropriate facial expressions that convey warmth and empathy can put the person at ease. Acknowledging their feelings through statements helps people feel heard,” Ruth continues.Ask what they need
Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share their experience. Ruth says, “ 13 ” 14
Accidentally we tend to understate the person’s experience with comments like “ 15 ” This can invalidate (驳斥) their feelings and experiences. Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice, or pushing the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a barrage of possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make the person feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.
A．It could have been worse.
B．It is the worst news I’ve heard.
C．Try not to minimize or make it about you.
D．Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.
E．Listening is more powerful than comforting words.
F．Here, we look at what to do when someone shares their difficult news with you.
G．Asking can offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.
【答案】11．F 12．D 13．G 14．C 15．A
【难度】0.65
【知识点】日常生活 、方法/策略
【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要说明了当有人与你分享他们的坏消息时，你应该如何做，给出了一些具体的建议，如表现出关心、询问对方需要什么、尽量不要轻描淡写或把话题引到自己身上等。
11．设空位于首段段尾，应是起到点明本文主题，引出下文的作用，根据前文“Whether a friend has broken up with their long-term partner, a colleague is losing his job, or a loved one has been diagnosed with a health condition, there are times when people share difficult news with us. We may be unsure about how best to help or feel awkward and uncomfortable.(不管是朋友和长期伴侣分手了，同事失业了，还是爱人被诊断出患有疾病，总有一些时候人们会和我们分享不幸的消息。我们可能不确定如何最好地帮助或感到尴尬和不舒服)”可知，本文主题，应是有人和你分享不幸的消息时如何处理，所以F项“Here, we look at what to do when someone shares their difficult news with you.(在这里，我们来看看当有人和你分享他们艰难的消息时该怎么做)”符合文意，承接上文，点明主题。故选F项。
12．根据前文“Ruth, a psychologist at Stony Brook University, recommends trying to find somewhere quiet to have the conversation if possible.(石溪大学的心理学家鲁斯建议，如果可能的话，尽量找一个安静的地方进行对话)”可知，D项“Avoid looking at your phone or other distractions.(避免看手机或其他让人分心的东西)”是对前文的进一步说明，符合文意。故选D项。
13．设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Sometimes people need to let off steam and other times they want solutions, so it’s best to ask how you can support them. Check whether they would like advice or just to share their experience.(有时人们需要发泄，有时他们需要解决方案，所以最好问问你如何支持他们。看看他们是需要建议还是只是分享他们的经验)”可知，本段主要讲述可以询问对方的需求，所以G项“Asking can offer the person a sense of being heard when they feel overwhelmed.(当他们感到不知所措时，询问可以给他们一种被倾听的感觉)”是对前文的总结，符合本段主题。故选G项。
14．设空为本段小标题，根据后文“Ruth also recommends trying to avoid offering uninvited advice, or pushing the person into problem-solving before they feel ready. “They may already be overwhelmed and a barrage of possibilities and solutions, without a good understanding of all the factors, can be unhelpful and make the person feel unheard,” she says. “Try to avoid making yourself the focus of the conversation,” adds Ruth.(鲁斯还建议，尽量避免主动提供未经请求的建议，或者在对方还没准备好之前就催促他们解决问题。她说：“他们可能已经不知所措，而在没有充分了解所有因素的情况下，一大堆可能性和解决方案可能会让他们觉得无助，并感觉自己没有被倾听。”鲁斯补充道：“尽量不要让自己成为谈话的焦点。”)”可知，本段主要讲述不要在没有充分了解所有因素的情况下，给出一大堆可能性和解决方案，或把话题引到自己身上。所以C项“Try not to minimize or make it about you.(尽量不要轻描淡写或把话题引到自己身上)”符合本段主题，为本段小标题。故选C项。
15．根据前文“Accidentally we tend to understate the person’s experience with comments like(我们无意中倾向于低估别人的经历，比如)”可知，空处应是针对低估别人的经历这件事，进行举例，所以A项“It could have been worse.(本来可能更糟)”符合此处主题，是对前文的举例。故选A项。
七选五 4
（2025·广东·一模）The Magic of Embracing Change
Just in the past few weeks, my friend has become an advocate of the idea of minimalism. Minimalism is seemingly about simplifying lifestyles to own fewer possessions. But as my friend told me all the creative methods people are adopting to reduce material desires or repurpose items or resist the urge to constantly acquire new things, I realized that, minimalism begins with something deeper. 16 And in many ways, the initial step, which is merely being open to a different approach, can be the most challenging step of all.
This struck me as I read a cover story on urban development. On the surface, it’s about more and more cities deciding to adopt green building standards as a necessary measure for sustainable growth. 17 That is always going to be tough. But in recent years, cities have recognized that the traditional ways of assessing progress, while not necessarily incorrect, were limited. While they measured one aspect of development well, they failed to take into account a broad range of factors, such as environmental impact, community well-being, and cultural richness that were equally vital to the overall success and prosperity of a city. 18 The old standards weren’t sufficient. Cities could do better.
So what has occurred Cities are progressively agreeing to think differently about urban planning. They are determined to do their utmost to consider the whole picture. 19 Some argue that abandoning strict building codes is a mistake. Nevertheless, once the first step is taken, the momentum of logic and ethics accelerates progress. At a time when there seems to be so much uncertainty in the world, it is possible to look around and instead see something else: the world constantly grappling with the ongoing task of agreeing to new concepts. Transportation today illustrates how easily we can get stuck in the conventional mindset. 20 That can be an urban planner striving to be more innovative in designing public spaces. Or it can be a minimalist vlogger urging us all to think differently about how we can create a more harmonious and sustainable environment. The only constant is the universal pursuit of improvement, and that will never leave us where it started.
A．It commences with a willingness to alter our mindset.
B．There have inevitably been some missteps throughout this journey.
C．In essence, they excluded numerous exceptional opportunities without even noticing.
D．At its heart, it exposes a more fundamental issue: how we assess the value of urban progress.
E．They offer the most cutting-edge facilities and guarantee the financial success of every resident.
F．Conversely, the world is perpetually demanding that we act with greater foresight, greater responsibility, and a broader perspective.
G．Several cities renowned for their stringent urban regulations saw an unexpected influx of investors.
【答案】16．A 17．D 18．C 19．B 20．F
【难度】0.4
【知识点】社会问题与社会现象、哲理感悟
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以简约主义和城市发展为例，阐述改变始于思维方式的转变，指出世界不断要求我们突破传统思维追求进步。
16．前文“But as my friend told me all the creative methods people are adopting to reduce material desires or repurpose items or resist the urge to constantly acquire new things, I realized that, minimalism begins with something deeper. (但是，正如我的朋友告诉我的那样，人们采用的所有创造性方法都是为了减少物质欲望，改变物品的用途，或者抵制不断获得新事物的冲动，我意识到，极简主义始于更深层次的东西)”提到极简主义始于更深层次的东西，因此A项“It commences with a willingness to alter our mindset. (它始于改变我们心态的意愿)”符合语境，解释了更深层次的东西是什么，承接前文，其中的It指代前文的minimalism。故选A。
17．前文“This struck me as I read a cover story on urban development. On the surface, it’s about more and more cities deciding to adopt green building standards as a necessary measure for sustainable growth. (当我读到一篇关于城市发展的封面故事时，这让我很震惊。从表面上看，越来越多的城市决定采用绿色建筑标准作为可持续发展的必要措施)”提到城市发展的表层现象，后文“That is always going to be tough. But in recent years, cities have recognized that the traditional ways of assessing progress, while not necessarily incorrect, were limited. (这总是很困难的。但近年来，各城市已经认识到，评估进步的传统方法虽然不一定不正确，但也有局限性)”提到传统评估进步的方式有局限，因此D项“At its heart, it exposes a more fundamental issue: how we assess the value of urban progress. (在其核心，它暴露了一个更根本的问题：我们如何评估城市进步的价值)”符合语境，指出城市发展的根本问题在于如何评估进步的价值，承前启后。故选D。
18．前文“While they measured one aspect of development well, they failed to take into account a broad range of factors, such as environmental impact, community well-being, and cultural richness that were equally vital to the overall success and prosperity of a city. (虽然他们很好地衡量了发展的一个方面，但他们没有考虑到更广泛的因素，如环境影响、社区福祉和文化丰富性，这些因素对城市的整体成功和繁荣同样至关重要)”指出传统评估方式没考虑很多重要因素，因此C项“In essence, they excluded numerous exceptional opportunities without even noticing. (本质上，他们甚至没有注意到就排除了许多非凡的机会)”符合语境，进一步说明传统方式的弊端，承接前文。故选C。
19．后文“Some argue that abandoning strict building codes is a mistake. (一些人认为，放弃严格的建筑规范是一个错误)”提到放弃严格建筑规范的错误，因此B项“There have inevitably been some missteps throughout this journey. (在这段旅程中不可避免地会有一些失误)”符合语境，说明城市规划改变过程中存在问题，引出后文。故选B。
20．前文“Transportation today illustrates how easily we can get stuck in the conventional mindset. (今天的交通说明了我们是多么容易陷入传统思维)”从交通方面说明我们容易陷入传统思维，后文“That can be an urban planner striving to be more innovative in designing public spaces. Or it can be a minimalist vlogger urging us all to think differently about how we can create a more harmonious and sustainable environment. (这可以是一个城市规划师在设计公共空间时力求更创新。也可以是一个极简主义的视频博主，敦促我们从不同的角度思考如何创造一个更和谐、更可持续的环境)”举例说明不同的人努力创新，因此F项“Conversely, the world is perpetually demanding that we act with greater foresight, greater responsibility, and a broader perspective. (相反，世界永远要求我们以更大的远见、更大的责任感和更广阔的视角行事)”符合语境，总的指出要去创新，与前文形成转折，又引出后文的例子。故选F。
七选五 5
（24-25高三上·河南·期末）The Diderot Effect is what happens when a new possession makes our old things look bad so we feel a need to replace them all. You buy your kids new backpacks for school and they complain that their pencil cases and lunch bags don’t match, so you buy them new pencil cases and lunch bags. Then, of course, you can’t put their old pencils in new pencil cases so you buy new pencils, and pens. 21 This cycle of replacing old items with new ones can be endless, and even if we’ve never heard the name before, it’s hard to deny the impact of the Diderot Effect on our lives. So, what steps can you take to break this endless cycle of consumption
Recognize it before it happens.
22 Don’t let every new item start an endless spiral of purchases. Each time you buy something new, remind yourself that the other items you’re feeling tempted (被引诱的) to replace were perfectly fine until now — and probably still are.
Buy new items that fit what you already have.
When you do need to buy something new, finding pieces that fit what you already own will reduce the temptation to replace perfectly good things. For example, add a new piece of furniture that matches your existing room decor (装饰风格). Otherwise, you’ll need to buy everything new. 23
Practise mindful shopping.
Mindful shopping is about being fully aware of your thoughts and feelings before purchasing a new item. 24 That is, before buying anything, stop and ask yourself a few mindful shopping questions. Ninety-nine times out of a hundred, you’ll decide you don’t really need the item.
25
Despite what marketers want you to believe, it’s good to remind yourself that material possessions don’t define your self-worth. Ensure you buy items because you really need or want them, and not just to impress your social circle.
A．Let go of wanting things.
B．Remember that things are just things.
C．How can we reduce the chances of out-of-control spending
D．Do you see how this pattern can lead to unnecessary spending
E．It requires you to question if you truly need something.
F．This is because the new piece mismatches your existing style.
G．The first step to breaking the cycle is to be aware of the Diderot Effect and prevent it.
【答案】21．D 22．G 23．F 24．E 25．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】购物选择、方法/策略
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了什么是“狄德罗效应”以及如何避免无休止的消费循环。
21．根据上文“The Diderot Effect is what happens when a new possession makes our old things look bad so we feel a need to replace them all. You buy your kids new backpacks for school and they complain that their pencil cases and lunch bags don’t match, so you buy them new pencil cases and lunch bags. Then, of course, you can’t put their old pencils in new pencil cases so you buy new pencils, and pens.(“狄德罗效应”指的是，当一件新东西让我们的旧东西看起来很糟糕，所以我们觉得有必要把它们全部替换掉。你给孩子们买了新的书包，他们抱怨铅笔盒和午餐袋不匹配，所以你给他们买了新的铅笔盒和午餐袋。然后，当然，你不能把他们的旧铅笔放在新的铅笔盒里，所以你买新的铅笔和钢笔)”以及后文“This cycle of replacing old items with new ones can be endless, and even if we’ve never heard the name before, it’s hard to deny the impact of the Diderot Effect on our lives. So, what steps can you take to break this endless cycle of consumption (这种以旧换新的循环可能是无止境的，即使我们以前从未听说过这个名字，也很难否认狄德罗效应对我们生活的影响。那么，你可以采取哪些措施来打破这种无休止的消费循环呢？)”可知，上文解释了一种购物效应，推测本句应说明这种效应所带来的影响。故D选项“你知道这种模式会导致不必要的开支吗”符合语境，故选D。
22．根据标题“Recognize it before it happens.(在它发生之前意识到它)”以及后文“Don’t let every new item start an endless spiral of purchases. Each time you buy something new, remind yourself that the other items you’re feeling tempted (被引诱的) to replace were perfectly fine until now — and probably still are.(不要让每一件新物品都引发无休止的购买。每次你买新东西的时候，提醒自己那些你想要替换的东西直到现在都很好——可能现在仍然很好)”可知，后文提到不要让每一件新物品都引发无休止的购买，提醒自己那些你想要替换的东西直到现在都很好，说明了预先提醒自己不要过多消费，加以预防。故G选项“打破这个循环的第一步是意识到狄德罗效应并加以预防”符合语境，故选G。
23．根据上文“When you do need to buy something new, finding pieces that fit what you already own will reduce the temptation to replace perfectly good things. For example, add a new piece of furniture that matches your existing room decor (装饰风格). Otherwise, you’ll need to buy everything new.(当你确实需要买新东西的时候，找一些适合你已经拥有的东西会减少你更换完美的东西的诱惑。例如，添加一件与你现有房间装饰相匹配的新家具。否则，你所有东西就得买新的了)”可知，上文提到了买了新家具所有东西就得买新的，本句承接上文，说明会发生这种情况的原因。故F选项“这是因为这件新家具和你现有的款式不匹配”符合语境，故选F。
24．根据上文“Mindful shopping is about being fully aware of your thoughts and feelings before purchasing a new item.(有意识购物是指在购买新物品之前充分意识到自己的想法和感受)”可知，上文提到了有意识购物的概念，推测本句承接上文，说明有意识购物的内在要求，E选项中It指代上文Mindful shopping。故E选项“它要求你质疑自己是否真的需要某样东西”符合语境，故选E。
25．根据本段内容“Despite what marketers want you to believe, it’s good to remind yourself that material possessions don’t define your self-worth. Ensure you buy items because you really need or want them, and not just to impress your social circle.(不管营销人员想让你相信什么，提醒自己物质财富并不能定义你的自我价值是件好事。确保你买东西是因为你真的需要或想要它们，而不仅仅是为了给你的社交圈留下深刻印象)”可知，本段主要说明了提醒自己物质财富并不能定义你的自我价值是件好事，即强调了东西只是东西，不出于其他目的去购物东西。故B选项“记住，东西只是东西”符合语境，故选B。
