课件52张PPT。专题5 动词的时态和语态[考情分析]
动词的时态、语态和语气是高考中的重中之重,也是英语句
子结构的核心。英语句子的灵动性很大程度上体现在动词的
各种变化上,因此谓语动词的时态、语态、语气的运用三位
一体,不可分割。在单项填空题型中,时态和语态是考查的
热点,但是语气问题也不可忽视。在备考过程中应该对谓语
动词变化的各种情况都能够了如指掌。可以预测,未来高考
仍然会以考查时态为主,但考查形式会更多地结合语态和语
气等形式,越来越侧重在语境中考查动词的时态、语态和语
气,所以要求考生首先要掌握时态、语态和语气的基本用
法,同时在所设置的语境中根据所给信息进行判断。也就是
说,考生应学会通过上下文来确定所用时态、语态和语气。考点一 一般时态1.(2015·高考江苏卷,T30)The real reason why prices
________,and still are,too high is complex,and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
A.were B.will be
C.have been D.had been
解析:考查时态。句意:物价过去很高 ,现 在依 然 居高 不下,其真正原因是复杂的,不是两三句话能圆满解释的。 根据空格后面的and still are(而且现在仍然是)判断,前 面是 指物价过去的情况,应用一般过去时,故选A项。A2. (2015·高考北京卷,T30)—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right.I ________ him later.
A.will call B.have called
C.call D.will be calling
解析:考查时态。句意:“杰克逊医生现在不在办公室里.”
“好吧。我晚些时候会给他打电话。”由时间副词later可
知,call是将来要发生的动作,空格所在的句子应用一般将来
时态,所以答案为A。D选项为将来进行时态,此处不表示正
在进行的动作,所以可排除。A3. (2014·高考湖南卷,T34)Whenever you________a present,
you should think about it from the receiver’s point of view.
A.bought B.have bought
C.will buy D.buy
解析:考查动词的时态。句意:每当你买礼物的时候,你都应从接受者的角度想一想(礼物是否合适)。whenever意为
“每当……的时候,每次……的时候”。由whenever的意思
可知该句所表达的动作(买礼物“buy a present”)是经常性、习
惯性的动作或反复发生的动作,符合一般现在时的基本特
征,故用一般现在时。故选D项。D1.一般现在时
(1)表示经常发生的、习惯性的、反复出现的动作或状态。
常与表示习惯的副词(词组)always,every time,now and
then,occasionally,often,seldom,sometimes,usually,
every day/night等连用。
(2)按时间表、时刻表、日程表等安排将要发生的动作,用一般现在时。只限于go,arrive,leave,start,stay,return,begin,come等动词。
(3)用在时间、条件或让步状语从句中, 用一般 现在时 表 示 将来。Around two o’clock every night,Sue will start talking in
her dream.It somewhat bothers us.每天晚上两点左右,苏就
说梦话。这使我们有点烦心。
If it doesn’t rain,we’ll go on a picnic as planned.
如果不下雨,我们将按计划去野餐。
Whatever you say,I will not change my mind.
无论你说什么,我都不会改变主意。
The flight takes off at 2:30 every Wednesday and Friday.
飞机每周三、周五2:30起飞。2.一般过去时
表示在过去某一时间点发生的动作或所处的状态,与现在没有关系或表示过去一段时间内反复发生的动作, 常 与 every day,often,sometimes等时间状语连用。
(2014·高考福建卷,单项填空,改编)—Haven’t seen you for
ages! Where have you been?
——好长时间没见你了!你去哪里了?
—I went to Ningxia and stayed there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.
——我去了宁夏,在那里待了一年,作为一名志愿者教学。3.一般将来时
(1)“shall/will+动词原形”表示现在看来以后要发生的动 作或存在的状态。“will+动词原形”还可以表示说话时临时做出的决定。
(2)“be going to+动词原形”表示①现在打算或计划将 来 要做的事情;②表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将来要发生的事情。
(3)“be to+动词原形”表示①预先安排好的计划或约定;②表示说话人的意志、意图、指责、义务、命令等;③表示 注定要发生的事情。
(4)“be about to+动词原形”表示正要或即将要做某事, 该结构不与表示具体的将来时间状语连用。(2014·高考北京卷,单项填空,改编)—What time is it?
——几点了?
—I have no idea.But just a minute,I will check it for you.
——我不知道。但是等一会儿,我给你查一下。
—Mr.Li was ill in hospital.
——李老师生病住院了。
—Oh,I didn’t know.I’ll go to see him tonight.
——哦,我还不知道呢。我今晚去看他。
I am to meet Mr.Brown at eleven o’clock this morning.
我要在今天上午11点见布朗先生。
I was about to go out when it began to rain.
我正要外出,这时开始下雨了。1.(2015·高考湖南卷,T25)I wasn’t able to hide my
eagerness when I ________,“What do you wish me to do
now?”
A.ask B.have asked
C.am asking D.asked
解析:考查时态。句意:当我问到“你希望我现在做什
么?”时,我无法掩饰自己急切的心情。句中的wasn’t暗示
空格处需用跟过去有关的时态,故选D项。D2.(2014·高考重庆卷,T4)You’d better write down her phone number before you ________ it.
A.forget B.are forgetting
C.forgot D.will forget
解析:考查动词时态。句意:趁着还没有忘记,你最好把她的电话号码写下来。before本意是“在……之前”,在句中
引导时间状语从句,根据具体的语境在句中可译为“趁
着……,以免……”,从句中用一般现在时态表示将来的动作。根据语境可知forget为将来的动作,故此处用一般现在时表示将来。A3.—Do you think Mom and Dad ________late?
—No.Swiss Air is usually on time.
A.were B.will be
C.would be D.have been
解析:考查时态。答语中提到瑞士航空公司的航班通常会准时到达,再结合答语中的时态可知,问话人表示的是对未来情况的担忧,所以问句中的宾语从句用一般将来时。B考点二 进行时态1.(2015·高考湖南卷,T28)He must have sensed that I
________ him.He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly,
“Why are you staring at me like that?”
A.would look at B.looked at
C.was looking at D.am looking at
解析:考查时态。句意:他一定感觉到了我正在看他。他突
然瞥了我一眼,轻轻地说:“你为什么那样盯着我看?”
must have done是对过去发生的情况的推测,因此“我正 在看他”也是发生在过去,而且是正在进 行,故 用 过 去 进 行时。C2.(2014·高考北京卷,T22)—Hi,let’s go skating.
—Sorry,I’m busy right now.I ________ in an application
form for a new job.
A.fill B.have filled
C.am filling D.will fill
解析:考查动词时态。句意:——嗨,我们去滑冰吧。——对不起,我现在正忙着呢。我正在填一份新工作的申请表。由时间状语right now可知,在说话这一刻“填表”的动作正在发生,故用现在进行时态。C1.现在进行时
(1)表示说话时正在进行或表示现阶段正在进行的动作,虽然此时此刻该动作不一定正在进行。
(2)表示按计划或安排即将发生的动作,常限于go,come,
leave,start,arrive,return,work,sleep,stay,have,
wear等表示移动、方向的动词。
(3)表示说话人现在对主语的行为表示赞叹或厌恶等(常与
always,constantly,continually等副词连用)。(2013·高考四川卷,单项填空,改编)
Hurry up,kids!The school bus is waiting for us!
孩子们,快点!校车在等我们!
“The moment is coming soon,”he thought to himself,
waiting nervously.
“这一刻就要来到了,”他自思自忖,紧张地等待着。
He is always finding fault with others.
他总是挑别人的毛病。2.过去进行时
表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作,常同表示过去的时间状语从句以及at that time,at that moment,at this time yesterday,at ten o’clock yesterday等连用。
(2014·高考四川卷,单项填空,改编)She was phoning someone,so I nodded to her and went away.
她正在跟别人打电话,因此我朝她点了点头就走开了。
3.将来进行时
表示将来某一时刻正在进行的动作,或表示要从将来某一时刻开始,并继续下去的动作。
(2015·北京东城联考)Daniel’s family will be enjoying their
holiday in Huangshan this time next week.
丹尼尔一家人下星期这个时候将在黄山度假。1.(2015·南通、扬州、淮安、泰州四市三次调研)Don’t
worry.When he kept silent,Mr White________his approval for our plan.
A.would show B.is showing
C.was showing D.has shown
解析:考查时态。句意:不要担心。他保持 沉默 时, Mr White正在表示支持我们的计划。根据从句 的时 态是 过 去时,和主从句之间的关系,主句应该是表示“他表示支持”
是正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时。故选C。C2.(2016·徐州调研测试)We have been trying to train the young people who were hired last month,but they
________their best to learn.
A.were not doing B.didn’t do
C.are not doing D.hadn’t done
解析:考查时态。句意:我们已经一直在尽力训练上个月 聘请的年轻人,但是他们不尽力学习。根据题干的but判断是这些年轻人现在不尽力学习,应用现在进行时。故选C。C考点三 完成时态1. (2015·高考北京卷,T26)In the last few years,China
________ great achievements in environmental protection.
A.has made B.had made
C.was making D.is making
解析:考查时态。句意:在过去的几年里,中国在环保方 面取得了巨大成就。根据In the last few years可知,该句用现在完成时态,所以选A。 现在 完 成时 态的标 志词( 组)有in the last/past+一段时间,recently,up to/till now等。A2.(2015·高考安徽卷,T24)Just as I got to the school gate,I realized I ________ my book in the cafe.
A.have left B.had left
C.would leave D.was leaving
解析:考查时态。句意:就在我到达学校门口的时候,我 意识到我把书忘在咖啡馆里了。realized是发生在过去的动作,而leave动作又发生在realized动作之前,是过去的过去,因此用过去完成时。B1.现在完成时
(1)表示发生在过去而对现在仍有影响的动作,常用的时间 状语:already,just,yet,never,before,lately,recently,in the last(past) few years,up to now,so far等。
(2)表示从过去某时开始而延续至今的动作或状态,常与for,
since等表示一段时间的状语连用。
(3)在条件、时间、让步状语从句中,表示将来某时间前已完成的动作。
(4)This/It is the first/second...time+that从句,that从句 中 谓语要用现在完成时。(5)It(This)is the best(worst,most interesting等)+名词+定语从句,从句中的谓语用现在完成时。
—Have you heard about the recent election?
——你听说过近期的选举吗?
—Sure,it has been the only thing on the news for the last
three days.
——当然了,它是近来三天新闻中唯一的事情了。
It is the most instructive lecture that I have attended since I
came to this school.这是我自从到这个学校以来所参加过的最有教育意义的讲座。This is the first time that we have seen a film in the cinema
together as a family.
这是第一次我们一家人去电影院看电影。
I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.
除非我亲眼看到,否则我不会相信你的。
2.过去完成时
(1)表示在过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态,即过去的过去。
(2)表示从过去某一时间开始,一直延续到过去的另一时间的动作,常用的时间 状 语:by then,by that time,by the end of,by the time+句子等。(3)表示“愿望、打算”的动词(如hope,want,expect,
think,mean,suppose,plan,intend)用于过去完成时表示
过去本打算实现而未实现的希望或计划。
(4)在“hardly(scarcely)...when...”,“no sooner...than...” 句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时,意为“一……就……”。
(2014·高考浙江卷,单项填空,改编)Sofia looked around at
all the faces: she had the impression that she had seen most of
the guests before.索菲娅环视了所有的面庞,她有印象——
绝大多数的客人以前她都见过。He was unhappy when he sold his guitar.After all,he had had it for a very long time.
他把自己的吉他卖掉时并不高兴。毕竟,他拥有这把吉他已经很长时间了。
I had intended to call on you,but I had an unexpected visitor.
我本来打算去看你,但是来了一位不速之客。
By the time Jack returned home from England,his son had
graduated from college.
杰克从英国回到家时,他的儿子已经大学毕业了。
Hardly/No sooner had I got home when/than the rain poured down.我刚到家,大雨就倾盆而下了。3.将来完成时
表示在将来某个时间之前完成的动作,并且往往对将来某一
时间产生影响。常用时间状语为“by+将来某个时间”。
(2015·西安高三二检)By the time Mr.Smith arrives at the
supermarket,we will have stayed there for one hour.
等到史密斯先生到达超市时,我们将已经在那里待了一个小时了。易混辨析
一般过去时与现在完成时的区别
一般过去时表示的事情纯属过去,只对过去发生的事情进 行客观陈述,与现在的情况无关。常与过去时间状语连用。 而现在完成时所表示的事情与现在的情况有关系,是过去事 情对现在产生的结果或对现在的影响。常与already,ever,
never,yet,just等词连用。
—Have you seen my dictionary?
——你见到我的词典了吗?
—Yes,I saw it on your bed yesterday.
——是的,我昨天看见在你床上。1.(2015·南通、扬州、淮安、泰州四市三次调研)
Simon________his father for such a long time that he
understands almost every gesture of his father’s.
A.attends B.had attended
C.would attend D.has attended
解析:考查时态。句意:Simon已经照顾他 父亲 这么 长 时
间,以至于他几乎理解他父亲的每一个手势。根据题干中的
for such a long time和从句的现在时态understands判断应用
现在完成时。故选D。D2.(2015·湖州市八校二次联考)—I hear that Jason is planning to buy a new car.—I know.By next month,he_______enough for a used one.
A.has saved B.saves
C.will be saving D.will have saved
解析:考查时态。句意:——我听说Jason正 计划买一辆 新 车。——我知道的,到下个月为止,他就攒够了钱买一辆二手的了。A项表示已经可以买了;B项一般现在时,表示经常性,习惯性;C项表示将来的某个时候正在进行,不符合 题意。根据题意D项正确。D考点四 高考涉及的其他时态1.(2015·高考福建卷,T30)—Where is Peter?I can’t find
him anywhere.
—He went to the library after breakfast and ________ his
essay there ever since.
A.wrote B.had written
C.has been writing D.is writing
解析:考查时态。句意:“Peter在哪儿?我到处 都 找 不 到他。”“他早饭后去图书馆了,并且从那时起一直在那儿写他的文章。”由ever since可知,Peter从早饭后一直在图书馆 写文章(说话时应该仍然在写),故应用现在完成进行时表示动作从过去持续到现在,并且有可能持续下去。故答案为C项。C2. (2014·高考山东卷,T5)They made up their mind that they
________ a new house once Larry changed jobs.
A.bought B.would buy
C.have bought D.had bought
解析:考查时态。句意:他们下定决心,一 旦拉 里 换 了 工作,他们就买所新房子。根据主句中的关键词made可知该题的语境是发生在过去的;同时once引导的条件状语从 句 中的changed这一动作还未发生,用的是一般过去时表示过去将来时的用法,所以主句应该用过去将来时,即would buy。B1.过去将来时
表示从过去某时间看将要发生的事情,多用于宾语从句中。
He hoped that he would be given a more suitable job in 2016.
他希望在2016年能得到更合适的工作。
2.现在完成进行时(have/has been doing)
表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续 到现在,并有可能继续下去,常和for,since引导的时间状语连用。
(2014·高考湖南卷,单项填空,改编)Since the time humankind started gardening,we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.自从人类开始园艺技术的时候起,我们就一直在努力让我们
的环境变得更加美丽。
The manager has been telling the workers how to improve the
program since 9 am.
自从上午9点经理就一直在告诉工人如何改善这一方案。
3.过去完成进行时(had been doing)
表示过去某一时刻之前开始的动作或产生的状态一直延续到过去某一时刻,这一动作可能已经停止也可能还在进行。
She told me that she had been studying French for 5 years.
她告诉我她已经学习法语5年了。(动作仍继续)
She told me that she had been waiting for me for an hour.
她告诉我她已经等我一个钟头了。(动作不再继续)易混辨析
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别
(1)现在完成时强调过去某一动作对现在产生的结果或影响;现在完成进行时强调的是在一段时期内某项活动的持续性,强调的是动作本身。
(2)现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,现在完成时一般不表示重复性。现在完成时通常与since,ever since,for three months,just,already,yet等连用。现在完成进行时通常与since,for three months,all the(this) morning/afternoon/day/month,the whole day等连用。
—Oh no!We’re too late.The train has left.——噢,不!我们太晚了。火车已经离开了。
—That’s OK.We’ll catch the next train to London.
——没什么。我们将乘坐下一班去伦敦的火车。
Joseph has been going to evening class since last month,but he still can’t say “What’s your name?” in Russian.
约瑟夫从上个月就开始上夜校,但是他还是不会用俄语说“你叫什么名字”。1.—The plane is leaving right now,but Jim hasn’t arrived yet.
—Well,he said he________here on time.
A.came B.would come
C.can be D.will be
解析:句意:——飞机马上要起飞了,但是吉姆还没有到.
——他说过他会准时到这儿。由答语可知应用过去将来时,
故选B。B2.—I’m sure Andrew will win the first prize in the final.
—I think so.He________for it for months.
A.is preparing
B.was preparing
C.had been preparing
D.has been preparing
解析:句意:——我确信安德鲁最终会赢得一等奖。——我也这么认为。他准备了几个月了。由will可知事情还未发生,表示安德鲁一直在准备着,故选D。D考点五 被动语态1.(2015·高考天津卷,T9)Despite the previous rounds of
talks,no agreement ________ so far by the two sides.
A.has been reached B.was reached
C.will reach D.will have reached
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:尽管以前进行了多轮的 会
谈,但到目前为止双方尚未达成任何协议。由时间状语so
far(常和现在完成时连用)可判断,用现在完成时;而协议是
被达成,所以还要用被动语态。故选has been reached。A2.(2015·高考北京卷,T22)—Did you enjoy the party?
—Yes.We ________ well by our hosts.
A.were treated B.would be treated
C.treated D.had treated
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:“你喜欢这个聚会吗?”
“是的。我们受到了主人很好的招待。”根据问句Did you
enjoy the party?可知时态为一般过去时,故排除B、D两
项;由We 与treat之间为被动关系可知,此处用被动语态,
所以答案为A。A1.被动语态的构成为“be+过去分词”,只要变换be的形式就可以得到不同时态的被动语态,除be外被动语态的构 成 形式还有:get/become+过去分词。
2.只要及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语才有被动语态,不及物动词或短语无被动语态。常考的不及物动词或短语:
last,cost,spread,happen(to),take place,belong to,
break out,go out,run out,work out。
3.主动形式表示被动含义
(1) 表示感受、感官的系动词如feel,sound,taste,look等,
后面跟形容词、名词构成系表结构,常常以主动形式表示被动意义。(2) 当sell,read,draw,wash,write,open,wear,run,
burn等不及物动词后带状语(well/easily等)修饰,用来表示主
语内在的品质或性能时用主动形式表示被动含义。
(2014·高考安徽卷,单项填空,改编)While waiting for the
opportunity to get promoted,Henry did his best to perform
his duty.
在等待机会被提拔期间,亨利尽力履行好自己的职责。
—So what is the procedure?
——那么程序是什么样?
—All the applicants are interviewed before a final decision is
made by the authority.
——所有的应征者都被面试后官方才作出最后的决定。Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are running out.
We must act immediately before there’s none left.
洪水灾区的食品即将用完。
我们必须在他们用完之前采取措施。
Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。
His books sell well,so they will be sold soon.
他的书很畅销,因此很快就会卖光。如何解答动词的时态与语态的问题
近几年,高考命题不单纯考查某一种时态的用法,而是多种时态一起考查、时态与语态一起考查,这就要求考生做题时不能仅根据一个方面去判断答案,而要进行全面综合的考虑。
1.学习动词时态和语态时,切不可脱离语境,一味背记语法规则。了解常用时态的基本用法后,要留心以英语为母语 的人在实际生活中是如何运用各种时态和语态的。
2.建立时态的时、体概念。“时”即现在时、过去时、将来时、过去将来时等;每个时又分四个“体”:一般体、进 行体、完成体、完成进行体。3.解决时态和语态问题要遵循以下解题思路:
一定“时”(这里说的是什么时候的事或情况);
二定“体”(这个动作处于什么状态,是完成了,还是正在进行,还是两者都不是);
三定“态”(这个动词与主语的关系是主动还是被动)。1.(2015·南通市二模)When you visit our town next August,a modern sports center________,for the National Games are to be held then.
A.will be constructing
B.has been constructing
C.will have been constructed
D.is being constructed
解析:考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语next August,
排除B,D两项,再根据a modern sports center和construct是
被动关系,排除A项,用将来完成时。故选C项。C2.(2015·宁波市二模)—Jack,do you have any problems if
you________.
—Well,I’m thinking about the salary.
A.will be offered B.have offered
C.are offered D.will offer
解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意:——杰克,如果你 被录用的话,你还有问题吗?——我正在考虑薪水的问题。
根据 I’m thinking about the salary可知是杰克被录取,故 选C项。C本部分内容讲解结束按ESC键退出全屏播放
[模拟题组一]
1.(2016·南京市模拟)—How is your sister?
—She________quite good after the operation,but she is taking a turn for the worse today.
A.felt B.feels
C.had felt D.has been feeling
解析:选A。考查动词的时态。句意:——你妹妹怎么样?——手术后她感到不错,但今天她感觉比较糟。手术后感到不错,是过去的事情,故用一般过去时。
2.(2015·南通、扬州、连云港二次调研)—What’s the result of the basketball match?
—You see,the rain________it and the second half is put off till next PE class.
A.ruined B.is ruining
C.will ruin D.had ruined
解析:选A。考查动词的时态。句意:——篮球比赛的结果是什么?——你知道。大雨毁掉了比赛,下半场推迟到下一节体育课。根据语境,体育比赛是发生在过去,大雨毁掉比赛也应该发生在过去,表示发生在过去的某个时间点或时间段的动作或状态,用一般过去时。故选A。
3.(2015·苏、锡、常、镇四市调研一)—Hi,Peter.Why didn’t you go to the cinema last night?
—I________the popular show Dad,where are we going?with my family.
A.was watching B.have watched
C.would watch D.had watched
解析:选A。考查时态。句意:——你好,皮特。为什么你昨晚没去电影院?——我和我的家人一直在看热播剧《爸爸去哪儿》。表示过去一个时间段一直正在进行的动作或状态用过去进行时。故判断选A。
4.(2015·南通市二模)—Have you brought the photo of your family?
—Yes,I________it the whole morning.
A.would look for B.looked for
C.have been looking for D.had looked for
解析:选B。考查时态和语态。句意:——你带来你的家庭照了吗?——是的,我找了一个早上。分析句子。已经带来了家庭照。故一个早上寻找家庭照只是过去的事情,故用一般过去时。故选B项。根据时间状语the whole morning,本题容易选成C项。
5.(2016·浙江余姚中学质检)—Does your brother serve in the army?
—No,not now.But he________in the army for 8 years.
A.would serve B.served
C.had served D.was serving
解析:选B。考查时态。句意:——你哥哥在部队服役吗?——不,现在不了。但他在部队服役8年。故B正确。
6.(2015·金华十校模拟)This glass________easily,so please put a “Handle with Care” sticker on the box before you mail it.
A.is broken B.will be broken
C.breaks D.has broken
解析:选C。考查动词的时态和语态。句意:玻璃易碎,因此在邮寄前请在箱子上贴上“小心轻放”的标签。英语中的某些及物动词一旦被副词修饰,则可用主动形式表示被动含义,如sell,read等。break也一样,空后有easily修饰,“玻璃易碎”又是客观事实,应用一般现在时。故选C。
7.(2016·宁波市十校联考)The nationwide smog serves as a constant reminder,indicating that it’s high time we________on ourselves.
A.would reflect B.have reflected
C.are reflecting D.reflected
解析:选D。考查动词的时态。句意:全国范围的雾霾充当了不断地提醒者,暗示着是我们该反省我们自己的时候了。It is time+主语+过去时,意为“是……的时候了”。故选D。
8.(2015·绍兴市模拟)I first read the fashion magazine over a decade ago and________to it since.
A.subscribed B.had subscribed
C.have subscribed D.was subscribing
解析:选C。考查动词的时态。句意:我10多年前第一次读时装杂志,并从此以后一直订阅该杂志。根据题干中的since判断用现在完成时。故选C。
9.(2016·绍兴市英语测试)Reminded that her family would move out of the familiar neighborhood,the little girl________from head to toe the whole night.
A.has shaken B.was shaking
C.had shaken D.would shake
解析:选B。考查时态。句意:有人提醒她,她的家人将搬出熟悉的社区,小女孩整个晚上一直全身发抖。根据时间状语the whole night判断用过去进行时。故选B。
10.(2015·杭州地区七校三次质检)A recent research shows that there________volcanic activities on the moon and Mars.However,they no longer exist now.
A.had been B.has been
C.were D.would be
解析:选C。考查时态。第一句句意:最近的研究表明在月球和火星上曾经有火山运动。根据下文的However,they no longer exist now.可知,现在它们不再存在了,故可以判断是曾经存在,故使用一般过去时,选择C。
[模拟题组二]
1.The Smiths flew to New Zealand for a holiday this morning and they ________ there for a week.
A.are staying B.have stayed
C.stayed D.had stayed
解析:选A。句意:史密斯一家今早飞往新西兰去度假,他们要在那儿待一周。此处用现在进行时表将来。
2.(2015·温州市二模)Life teaches us not to regret over yesterday,for it________and is beyond our control.
A.has passed B.will pass
C.passed D.had passed
解析:选A。考查时态。句意:生活教给我们不要后悔昨天,因为昨天已经过去了,并且无法控制。根据空后的is判断,昨天已经过去,用现在完成时。故选A。
3.(2015·杭州市二次质检)I________TV alone in the living room when I suddenly heard a crack upstairs.
A.would watch B.had watched
C.was watching D.watched
解析:选C。考查时态。句意:我独自一人在起居室里正在看电视,这时我突然听到楼上的破裂声。题干中的when“正在那时”,从句应用一般过去时,主句应用过去进行时。故选C。
4.In order to make up the missing notes,he ________his best to spend as much spare time as possible doing this job these days.
A.tried B.will try
C.has been trying D.has tried
解析:选C。考查时态。句意:为了补丢失的笔记,他这些天一直在努力用尽可能多的业余时间做这项工作。根据句意及these days提示可知,此处强调从过去某个时间开始到现在一直在做的事情,因此用现在完成进行时。
5.(2015·嘉兴市教学测试二)When making small talk at holiday parties,don’t tell someone who________weight how amazing they look.That implies they looked terrible before.
A.has lost B.would lose
C.will be losing D.had lost
解析:选A。考查动词的时态。句意:假期的派对上聊天时,不要告诉已经减肥的人他们看起来多令人惊奇。那就暗示着他们以前看起来很难看。根据题干中后面的那句话可判断是已经减肥,强调减肥的影响,故选A。
6.(2015·盐城市模拟)—With this New Year________new challenges.
—Sure.Global economy remains uncertain,and many countries continue to struggle.
A.comes B.will come
C.is coming D.come
解析:选D。考查时态。句意:——新的挑战伴随着这个新年到来了。——当然。全球经济仍存在不确定性,许多国家还需继续奋斗。介词放在句首,主语和谓语动词完全倒装,这种倒装句一般只有一般现在时和一般过去时,故判断选D。
7.(2015·南京、盐城二模)Mr.Smith let off upon me the speech he________to make all along.
A.had died B.died
C.was dying D.had been dying
解析:选D。考查时态。句意:史密斯先生向我不断练习一个他一直就渴望做的演讲。let off本意是“开枪”,这里引申为“不断练习”,根据all along,用进行时,die to这个动作是发生在过去的过去,应用过去完成进行时。故选D。
8.—We thought he would have got the job.
—What a pity!He ________ too nervous when interviewed.
A.was B.had been
C.has been D.would have been
解析:选A。句意:——我们以为他会得到这份工作。——真遗憾!他面试的时候太紧张了。主境叙述的是过去的事,因此用一般过去时叙述过去的状态。故选A。
9.(2015·盐城市三模)What little money he did have________on a record selected with extreme care which became,to his way of thinking,a possession close to his heart.
A.spent B.been spent
C.was spent D.to spend
解析:选C。考查时态。句意:他的确将仅有的很少的钱花在精心挑选的录像带上了,按他的思维模式,这录像带就是他心爱的东西。What引导主语从句,是主句谓语动词spend的动作承受者,故选C。
10.(2015·宿迁市三校3月质检)—Will you come over to Beijing next summer?
—I’d like to,but my family________London that summer.
A.are visiting B.are to visit
C.will be visiting D.will visit
解析:选C。考查时态。句意:——明年夏天你来北京吗?——我愿意去,但是我的家人那个夏日将正在游览伦敦。根据题干中的next summer,表示将来某个时间点或者时间段正在进行的动作用将来进行时。故选C。
[押题题组一]
1.—Mum,you should have taken me to the park this morning.
—I had planned to,but I couldn’t afford the time.I ________ a lecture.
A.had given B.gave
C.was giving D.would give
解析:选C。考查动词时态。句意:——妈妈,今早你本应该带我去公园的。——我原本计划是这样的,但是我没能抽出时间,当时我在做演讲。根据语境可知,表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作,故用过去进行时。
2.—Good evening.I ________to see Miss Mary.
—Oh,good evening.I’m sorry,but she is not in.
A.came B.come
C.have come D.had come
解析:选C。考查动词时态的用法。选项A表示过去所发生的事情;B项表示经常性或习惯性的动作;C项表示目前的情况和影响;D项时态不符合对话的时间和语境。
3.—Hurry up!Alice and Sue are waiting for you at the school gate.
—Oh!I thought they ________ without me.
A.went B.are going
C.have gone D.had gone
解析:选D。考查时态。答语句意:我原以为她们不等我就走了呢。“走”和“想”这两个动作有时间上的先后关系,故用过去完成时。
4.—Tom is so joyful that he smiles at everyone.
—So ________ you if you get the first in the exam.
A.do B.are
C.would D.will
解析:选D。句意:——汤姆如此高兴以至于见人就笑。——如果你考试得了第一,你也会这样。条件状语从句(if...)若用一般现在时,则主句要用一般将来时;此句相当于:You will also be so joyful if you get the first in the exam.。
5.—I wonder what makes you a successful manager.
—I ________ as a waiter for five years,which contributes a lot to my today’s work.
A.serve B.have served
C.had served D.served
解析:选D。由第一句“我想知道是什么让你成为一位成功的经理”得知对方现在已经是一名经理,那么下一句的作为一名服务员应该是过去的事情,所以应该用一般过去时,故D项正确。
6.Now the world’s attention ________ the stock markets,as they have a great influence on the world’s economy.
A.is fixing on B.has fixed on
C.is being fixed on D.had been fixed on
解析:选C。考查动词的时态和语态。fix和attention之间是动宾关系,故排除A、B两项;再根据now可知,此处应用现在进行时的被动语态。
7.They moved here in 2002.Until then they ________ in the London area.
A.lived B.have lived
C.were living D.had lived
解析:选D。考查动词时态。根据第一句的时间状语“in 2002”和第二句中的“Until then”可知,live表示的动作发生在moved这个过去的动作之前,即表示“过去的过去”,要用过去完成时。
8.—Why,Jack,you look so tired!
—Well,I ________ the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
A.was painting B.will be painting
C.have painted D.have been painting
解析:选D。考查动词的时态。答话人叙述的是现在的事实,再结合答语中的时间状语可知答话人从过去到现在一直在粉刷房子,而且还要持续下去,所以用现在完成进行时。
9.I like these English songs and they ________ many times on the radio.
A.taught B.have taught
C.are taught D.have been taught
解析:选D。考查时态与语态。根据前一分句的时态以及后一分句中many times可知此处用现在完成时;又因为动词teach与主语they之间为动宾关系,故用被动语态。
10.—Do you think he can get the first prize for jumping?
—Impossible now.He ________ to do so,but he has just hurt his leg.
A.would expect B.was expected
C.has expected D.is expected
解析:选B。句意:——你认为他能在跳远中得第一名吗?——现在不可能了。预计他会(得第一名)的,但是他刚刚伤了腿。由语境可知,预计他会得第一,是发生在过去的事,故用一般过去时。
[押题题组二]
1.Just an hour ago he was telling me on the phone that he ________ home right after the work.
A.comes B.came
C.would come D.will come
解析:选C。考查动词的时态。句意:就在一个小时之前,他还打电话告诉我说下班后就回家。主句是过去进行时,从句用过去将来时,表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后。
2.—Jack is always studying hard and does well in all subjects.
—No wonder he ________to be admitted to Beijing University in 2016.
A.is expecting B.will be expected
C.is expected D.will expect
解析:选C。考查动词的时态与语态。根据对话可知应用一般现在时,Jack被期望2016年考上北京大学,所以应用被动语态。
3.The past two years ________ a sharp rise in oil price,which adds to the burden of auto transportation industry.
A.witnessed B.has witnessed
C.is witnessing D.witnesses
解析:选B。考查动词的时态。根据从句的时态可排除A项,主句应使用现在完成时态,表示动作已完成,而且这个动作的结果对现在的情况仍有影响。
4. I’m tired out.I________ all afternoon and I don’t seem to have finished anything.
A.shopped B.have shopped
C.had shopped D.have been shopping
解析:选D。考查动词时态。句意:我现在很累。我整个下午一直在购物,我好像什么事都没做成似的。由语境可判断选D项。
5.Whatever you have found,you should give it back to whomever it ________.
A.is belonged to B.is belonging to
C.belonged to D.belongs to
解析:选D。考查主动形式表示被动意义。belong to只能用于主动语态。
6.—Help me out in the kitchen and I ________ you to a cup of coffee.
—Sounds good.
A.will treat B.treat
C.am treating D.have treated
解析:选A。考查时态。句意:——要是你在厨房里帮我忙的话,我将请你喝咖啡。——听起来不错。根据对话语境可知,应用一般将来时。
7.It is the first time that Brazil ________ the right to host the modern Olympics.
A.had had B.has
C.had D.has had
解析:选D。考查动词的时态。本句是“It is+the+first/second/...+time+ that从句”句型,从句应用现在完成时,故选D。
8.—I guess you can buy such a smart phone for 300 dollars.
—I could just two months ago,but the price ________ by 20%.
A.went up B.had gone up
C.has gone up D.goes up
解析:选C。考查动词的时态。根据语境可知,此处是说该款智能手机到目前为止价格已上涨20%,因此用现在完成时。
9.Tom is very happy in China during this period because his Chinese ________ every day.
A.has improved B.is improving
C.improved D.is improved
解析:选B。考查动词时态。句意:在中国的这段日子Tom很高兴,因为他的汉语水平天天在提高。用现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行的动作。
10.—Peter! Let’s hurry.The boss is coming.
—Oh,I was afraid that we ________ her.
A.miss B.had missed
C.will miss D.have missed
解析:选B。考查动词的时态。根据答语“我原本还担心我们已经错过(见)她了呢”以及主句的时态可知应用过去完成时。
1.(2015·高考北京卷,T27)—Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?
—Not really.She________us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.
A.was to give B.had given
C.was giving D.would give
解析:选B。考查时态。句意:“你找到安的家有困难吗?”“不是很难。她给了我们很清楚的指引,我们很容易就找到了。”根据问句Did you have difficulty finding Ann’s house?可知“找到安的家”这件事发生在过去,而“给出(give)指引”应该是发生在“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时态,所以答案为B。
2.(2015·高考湖南卷,T22)As you go through this book,you ________ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
A.will find B.found
C.had found D.have found
解析:选A。考查时态。句意:当你读这本书时,你就会发现那些经历过第二次世界大战的数百万人中的每一个人都有不同的经历。句中as引导的是时间状语从句,从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时,所以主句需用一般将来时。
3.(2015·高考陕西卷,T22)Marty ________ really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday.
A.worked B.has been working
C.had worked D.has worked
解析:选B。考查时态。句意:马蒂一直在非常努力地写书,他认为他将在周五前完成。由后文提示he’ll have finished it by Friday可知,work这一动作发生在过去,一直延续到现在,并且现在还在进行,故要用现在完成进行时。
4.(2015·高考安徽卷,T29)It is reported that a space station ________ on the moon in years to come.
A.will be building B.will be built
C.has been building D.has been built
解析:选B。考查时态与语态。句意:据报道,一个空间站将在未来的几年内在月球上被建成。a space station与build之间是被动关系,因此要用被动语态;“未来的几年内”是将来的时间,因此用一般将来时的被动语态。
5.(2015·高考福建卷,T26)To my delight,I ________ from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
A.was chosen B.was being chosen
C.would choose D.had chosen
解析:选A。考查时态和语态的综合运用。句意:令我高兴的是,我从几百位申请者中被选出来参加开幕式。根据句意可知这件事发生在过去,应用一般过去时;另外,“我”是被选出,故应用被动语态。结合前面的分析可知本题应用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案为A项。
6.(2015·高考湖南卷,T32)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy,but ________ thankfully by the shop window.
A.am held back B.held back
C.hold back D.was held back
解析:选D。考查时态和语态。句意:我有一种强烈的欲望,想伸手进去拿那个玩具玩,但幸亏我被商店橱窗阻挡了。句子的主语I与hold back之间是被动关系,需用被动语态;再根据句中的had可知用一般过去时,故选D项。
7.(2015·高考四川卷,T4)More expressways ________ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
A.are being built B.will be built
C.have been built D.had been built
解析:选B。考查时态与被动语态。句意:为了促进当地的经济发展,很快在四川将会修建更多的高速公路。从该句的时间状语soon可以得知要用将来时态;并且高速公路是“被修建”,因此要用被动语态。结合以上两点可以得知该句要用将来时态的被动语态,即will be built。
8.(2015·江苏冲刺卷三)—Have you got the admission notice from New York University?
—Not yet.I________forward to it.
A.looked B.have been looking
C.had looked D.will look
解析:选B。考查时态与语态。句意:——你收到纽约大学的录取通知书了吗?——还没有。我一直在期待着。表示动作从过去发生并持续到现在,仍在进行的动作用现在完成进行时。故判断选B。
9.(2015·江苏冲刺卷三)—Can you give me some advice on what I said just now?
—Sorry,my mind________.
A.has wondered B.had wondered
C.is wondering D.was wondering
解析:选D 。考查时态。句意:——你能就刚才我说的话提出的一些建议吗?——对不起,我刚才心不在焉。根据题干是在对方说话的时候没有注意听,表示过去某个时间点或时间段进行的动作或状态用过去进行时。故选D。
10.(2015·淮安、宿迁、连云港、徐州四市调研)Global oil prices________since June as demand weakens in China and Europe while output in the United States grows steadily.
A.fell B.had fallen
C.were falling D.have been falling
解析:选D。考查时态。句意:自从六月全球油价一直下降,因为在中国和欧洲需求量减弱,而美国的输出量稳定上升。由since June可知,最近一段时间,油价反复下降,有可能持续下去,故应用现在完成进行时。