Unit5 Music 单词导学案（含答案）-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

classical adj. 古典的；经典的 classical music 古典音乐
classic adj 经典的 classic works 经典作品 classics 经典著作
2. energetic adj. 精力充沛的，精神饱满的；积极的 energetically adv. 精力充沛地=dynamically
He knew I was energetic and dynamic and would get things done.
composition n. [Un]成分 [Cn]（音乐、艺术、诗歌的）作品, 作文，小论文
[Un]绘画、摄影的构图
the chemical composition of the soil 土壤成分
one of Beethoven’s finest compositions 贝多芬最优美的音乐作品之一
to study composition 学习作曲艺术
compose v 组成，构成（一个整体）； 作曲；创作（音乐）； 撰写（信函、讲稿、诗歌等）
使镇静；使平静 composer 作曲家；作曲者
1) Ten men compose the committee.
2) The committee is composed/comprised/ made up of ten men.
3) Mozart composed his last opera shortly before he died. 莫扎特在创作出他最后一部歌剧后不久便去世了。
4) She composed a letter of protest.
5) Emma frowned , making an effort to compose herself.
4. opportunity n. 机会；时机
have （a）n/the opportunity/chance to do sth. 有机会做某事 opportunity of / for...……的机会
You’ll have the opportunity to ask any questions at the end.
5. perform （1）v. 演出，表演，演奏
The play was first performed in 1987. 这个剧于1987年首次上演。
（2）vt. 做；履行；执行She performs an important role in our organization.
她在我们组织中发挥着重要的作用。
（3）vi. 表现 He had not performed well in his exams. 过去考试他考得不好。
That car performs well at low speeds. 那汽车低速时运行良好。
6. ordinary adj. 普通的，平常的，一般的； 平庸的，平淡无奇的 ordinariness n.
an ordinary sort of day 平平常常的一天 in the ordinary course of events 在一般情况下
in the ordinary way 一般地， 通常地 out of the ordinary 不同寻常，特殊，超凡脱俗
The meal was very ordianry. 这顿饭平常得很。
7. enable vt. 使能够；使可能
The software enables you to access the Internet in seconds. 这种软件使你在几秒钟内便可访问互联网。
Insulin enables the body to use and store sugar. 胰岛素使人体能够利用和贮存糖分。
8. prove （1）vt. 证明；展现 （2）linking v. 证明是
In the past, this process of transition has often proven difficult.
在过去，这种转变过程常证明是艰难的。
You brought this charge. You prove it!你指出了这一指控，你来证明它。
As a composer he proved himself adept at large dramatic forms.
作为一名作曲家，他显示出自己擅长创作大型的戏剧体裁。
9. award n. & vt. （1）n. ［C］奖；奖品；奖金 （2）vt. 授予；奖励
n. to win/ receive/ get an award for sth 因某事赢得、得到、获得奖项
an annual pay award 年度加薪 award-winning film 获奖电影
V．award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 把某物颁发给 / 判给某人
The judges awarded equal points to both finalists. = The judges awarded both finalists equal points. 裁判判定决赛双方得分相等。
He was nominated for the best actor award. 他获得最佳演员奖提名。
10 .stage n时期，阶段，状态； 段，步骤；（多指剧场中的）舞台
n The technology is still in its early stages. 这项技术还处于其早期开发状态。
The children are at different stages of development. 这些孩子处于不同的成长阶段。
We did the first stage of the trip by train. 旅行的第一阶段我们乘的是火车。
The audience threw flowers onto the stage. 观众把鲜花抛向舞台。
She was forced to the center of the political stage. 她被推到了政治舞台的中心。
China ia playing a leading role on the international stage. 中国在国际政治舞台上起着主导作用。
在定语从句中，stage作为先行词时，可以使用where或when引导，具体使用哪个取决于语境。这样的词还有occasion, point。
So far China has reached a stage we have leading positions. 目前，中国已经达到在很多领域都处于领先地位的一个阶段。
I still rememebr the stage the food is extremely in short
v 上演，举办；组织，筹划；使发生，使出现
to stage a ceremony/ an event/ an exhibition 举行仪式、活动、展览
to stage a strike/ demonstration/ march/ protest 组织罢工、示威、游行、抗议活动
The dollar staged a recovery earlier today. 今天早些时候，美元出现回升。
11. altogether dv. 总共（=in all）
完全地（=completely） 总之（=all in all）
The train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether. 火车越来越慢，最后完全停了。
We hve invited 50 people altogether. 我们共邀请了50人。
The food was very good and we loved the music. Altogether it was a great evening.
吃的不错，音乐我们也喜欢。总之，那天晚上过得非常愉快。
12. gradual –gradually a gradual change in the climate 气候的逐渐变化
Losing weight is a slow, gradual process. 减肥是一个缓慢而逐渐的过程。
13. capable adj. 有能力的；有才能的
I am perfectly doing it myself. 我完全有能力自己做。
She is a very capable teacher.
14. relief n. （焦虑、痛苦的）减轻或消除；（不快过后的）宽慰、轻松或解脱
a sense of relief 解脱感
We all breathed a sigh of relief when he left.
他走了以后，我们大家都如释重负地松了口气。
modern methods of pain relief 消除疼痛的新办法
relieve vt. 减轻，缓解
to relieve anxiety/ guilt /stress 消除压力、焦虑、内疚，缓解压力
efforts to relieve poverty 缓解贫困的努力
You’ll be relieved at six o’clock. 六点钟有人来换你的班。
15. cure n. & vt. （1）n. 药物；治疗；（解决问题、改善糟糕情况的）措施
（2）vt. 治愈；治好（疾病）；解决（问题）；矫正，改正（某人的不良行为）
TB is a serious illness, but it can be cured. 肺结核虽然是一种严重的疾病，但可以治愈。
Private firms are willing to make large scale investments to help cure Russia’s economic troubles.
私有公司愿意进行大规模投资来帮助解决俄罗斯的经济苦难。
Legs of pork were cured and smoked over the fire. 猪腿在火上经过了烟熏处理。
There is still no cure for a cold. 治感冒仍然没有特效药。
16. be absorbed in
The cream is easily absorbed into the skin. 这种乳霜皮肤易吸收。
absorb v.吸收 absorb heat /water 吸收热量、水分 absorption n 吸收；同化
17. previous adj. 先前的；以往的 previously adv. 以前，先前
I was unable to attend because of a previous engagement. 我因有约在先，无法出席。
18. unemployed adj. 失业的；待业的=jobless employer 雇主 employee雇员 employ v雇用，运用
A number of people have been employed to deal with the problem.
He criticized the repressive methods employed by the country’s government. 他指责了这个国家政府采取的镇压手段。
19.impact n. & v. （1）n. 巨大影响；强大作用；冲击力
Her speech made a profound impact on everyone. 她的讲话对每个人都有深远的影响。
（2）v.（对某事物）有影响
Her father’s death impacted greatly on her childhood years. 父亲去世对她的童年造成巨大的影响。
20.aim v. & n. （1）vi. & vt. 力求达到；力争做到；瞄准
n aims of the lesson
She went to London with the aim of finding a job. 她去伦敦是为了找工作。
Her aim was good and she hit the lion with her first shot.
她瞄得准，第一枪就打中了狮子。
v The government is aiming at a 50% reduction in unemployment. 政府正力争减少50%的失业人数。
I was aming at the tree but hit the car by mistake. 我对准树射击，不料误中了汽车。
The book is aimed at very young children. 这本书的对象是幼童。
22. equipment n.［U］设备；装备
a useful piece of equipment for the kitchen 一件有用的厨房设备
He equipped himself with s street plan. 他随身带着一张街道平面图。
The course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing. 此课程旨在使学生能够胜任护理工作。
24. talent n. 天才；天资；天赋 talented adj 有天赋的= gifted
She is proud that both her children have a talent for music.
她为自己的两个孩子都有音乐天赋感到自豪。
He is a great talent.
25.assume vt. 以为 ；假设 assume...to be/as... 假定……是……，认定……是……
It’s reasonable to assume (that) the economy will continue to improve. 认为经济将继续好转是有道理的。
It is generally assumed that stress is caused by too much work.
普遍认为，紧张是工作过重所致。
The court assumed responsibility for the girl’s welfare. 法庭承担了保障这个女孩福利的责任。
Assuming that he’s still alive, how old would he be now 假定他还活着，现在有多大年纪了？
27.treatment n. 治疗；对待；处理 treat v. 治疗；对待；处理
He’s receiving treatment for shock. 他正在接受休克治疗。
We don’t want any special treatment. 我们不需要任何特殊待遇。
There should be greater treatment of sewage before it is discharged. 污水排放前应该进行更充分的处理。
treat v treat people with respect/consideration /suspiction 对人尊敬、体谅、怀疑
My parents still treat me like a child.
I decided to treat his remarks as a joke. 我决定把他的话当做戏言。
She was treated for sunstroke.她因中暑而接受治疗。
wood treated with preservative 经过防腐处理的木材
She treat him with lunch. 她请他吃午饭。
treat sb like dirt 视某人如粪土 蔑视，把…视为草芥 treat sb to sth 用…招待
n We took the kids to zoo as a special treat. 作为特别的消遣，我们带孩子到动物园去。
29. lean vs. （leant/leaned，leant/leaned）依靠；倾斜 leanness n
I leaned back in my chair. 我仰靠在椅背上。
Can I lean my bike against the wall 我能把自行车靠在墙上吗？
adj 瘦且健康的，少脂肪的，高效的 ，贫乏的 n 瘦肉
He was tall, lean and handsome. 他长得瘦高而英俊。
a lean period 不景气时期
The changes made the company leaner and more competitive. 改革使公司更精干，更有竞争力。
31.satisfaction n. 满足；满意；欣慰；令人满意的事物
The company is trying to improve customer satisfaction.
Nothing satisfies him—he’s always complaining.
The education system must satisfy the needs of all children.
Her explanation did not satisfy the teacher. 她的解释没有让老师信服。
I never got a satisfactory answer. 我从未得到过一个满意的回答。
a satisfying meal 可口的饭菜
32. various adj. 各种不同的；各种各样的=diverse；diversity n
She took the job for various reasons.
a large and various country 一个多姿多彩的大国
The menu varies with the season.
The job enables me to vary the hours I work.这项工作使我能够调整工作时间。
33. reaction n. 反应；回应
What was his reaction to the news
All new fashion starts out as a reaction against existing convention. 所有新时尚都是从反抗现存习俗开始的。
a chemical/ nuclear reaction 化学、核反应
Local residents have reacted angrily to the news. 当地居民对这一消息表示愤怒。
People can react badly to certain food additives. 人们对某些食品添加剂会严重过敏。
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust. 铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
当堂检测：
1.You can talk with a (虚拟的) teacher in this kind of class.
2. The collection gives students the (机会) of reading works by well-known authors.
3．The new medication eventually (证明) to be effective in treating the disease.
4．There were (总共) 5 students who attended the game.
5．Shakespeare compared the world to the (舞台) of politics.
6. Thanks to the doctor’s (treat), the dying patient was brought back to life.
7. His good (perform) in school does credit to his mother.
8. To our great (relieve), Dad turned down the terrible idea.
9. Jack’s (react) to the news that he gained the opportunity to study in Harvard University was excitement.
10. The reaction of the audience was very positive, which showed they were (satisfy) with the performance.
11. Scientists can look at a person’s brain while it is doing things and figure out which parts of the brain are working at (variety) times.
12． I hope you can give me a (satisfy) reply and deal with this matter reasonably.
13． He lived an (aim) life before he found his passion.
14．Over the past three months, more than 1,000 books, together with lots of teaching
(equip), have been sent to those primary schools.
15．A sharp (疼痛) developed in her back muscles.
16. Throughout history, some of the (origin) customs have changed, but the spirit of the festival — the spirit of family — has largely been kept.
答案1. virtual 2. opportunity/ chance 3. proved 4. altogether 5. stage 6. treatment 7. performance 8. relief 9. reaction 10. satisfied 11. various 12. satisfying/ satisfactory 13. aimless 14. equipment 15. ache
16. original