Unit 3 The Internet Discovering Useful Structures课件(共29张PPT)人教版（2019）必修第二册

(共29张PPT)
Unit 3 The Internet
Period 3
Discovering useful structures
Are you familiar with(熟悉) this game
First blood
double kill
triple kill
Quadra kill
Penta kill
An enemy ___________ (slay)屠杀
There are many English expressions in the honor of kings, and do you know the meaning of them
第一滴血
二连击破
三连决胜
四连超凡
五连绝世
has been slain
slay-slew-slain
Present perfect passive voice
现在完成时的被动语态
主语
现在完成时的结构
Winter has already come(came,come), will it still be far in spring
+ have/ has
+ V-过去分词(done)
present(now)
future
past
Present Perfect Tense
现在完成时
What is Present perfect tense
现在完成时( The Present Perfect Tense)是
过去的动作或状态持续到现在对现在造成的影响，h或者已经结束，或者可能持续发生下去。
The classrooms are cleaned by students every day.
The sentence was said by Lu xun long time ago---Emoji is the outcome of the human wisdom(智慧).
(work out解决)
This classic crime(经典犯罪活动) can be worked out by detective(侦探) Conan .
真想只有一个
被动语态的构成
1. The classrooms are cleaned by students every day.
2. The sentence was said by Lu xun.
3. This classic crime(经典犯罪活动) can be worked out by detective(侦探) Conan
被动语态的构成：
主语+ ________________ +_____
be(am/is/was/are/were)
done
1.以上句子中所使用的时态和语态是 。
现在完成时的被动语态
have/has +been＋过去分词
An enemy has been killed.
An ally(队友) has been killed.
You have been killed.
观察例句，归纳用法
一名敌人被击杀
我方队友被击杀。
你被击杀了。
2.现在完成时的被动语态的构成为： 。
找出下面句子的谓语结构，哪些是主动？哪些是被动？
Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet.
The Internet has greatly improved Jan’s life.
People have written much about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
被动
主动
主动
被动
请按照提示填空。
①你的车已经修(repair)好了。
__________________________________________________
②地面还没打扫干净。
__________________________________________________
③那些房间粉刷(paint)了吗
__________________________________________________
④这部电影已经放映(be on)多久了
__________________________________________________
Your car has _______ repaired.
The floor has ______ been cleaned.
_______ those rooms been painted
How long _____ the film been on
been
not
Have
has
一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
肯定式
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done...？
The letter (post) already.
has been posted
Many houses (build) for the poor so far(到目前为止).
have been built
用法1:被动动作发生在过去,已经完成, 对现在造成影响
或产生结果。(already, yet, so far, by now)
二、现在完成时的被动语态的用法
The machine (repair修理) for two hours but it still doesn’t work.
has been repaired
Paper money (use) for over 50 years.
has been used
用法2:被动动作发生在过去,持续到现在,并有可能继续持续下去。
(for+一段时间; since)
Everyone will feel extremely delighted if he___________________(admit) to Tsinghua University.
You shouldn’t leave school before your homework ________________(finish).
has been admitted
has been finished
用法3:在时间/条件状语从句中表示可能/还没有发生的被动动作。
即用现在完成时的被动语态代替将来完成时的被动语态。
常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
already 已经(肯定句) yet 已经（否定句或者疑问句）
recently/lately 最近 since then 从那时起
ever since 自那以来 ever 曾经
so far 迄今为止 for a long time 很长一段时间
by now 到现在为止 in recent years 在最近几年里
in/during/over the past/last years在过去的几年里
注意1：
当动词为非延续性动词( 如borrow、 finish、 begin、 start、 buy、 marry、 open、 join等) 时,可与already或yet,ago连用，不能与for或since引导的时间的状语连用。
【应用实践】
单句改错。
①The club has been founded for five years.
_____________________________________________
②My report has been handed in for a week.
______________________________________________
The club was founded five years ago.
My report was handed in a week ago.
一般过去时 vs 现在完成时
___________强调与现在的情况有联系。
____________强调发生在过去,不强调动作或状态与现在的联系.
现在完成时
一般过去时
现在完成时被动语态的解题步骤
1.找时：找与现在完成相对应的时间状语；
2.圈主：主语与动词构成被动关系；
3.定谓：确定谓动形式：have/ has (not) been done。
注意2：
Exercises
1. So far, large quantities of information _____________ (send) to the company by email.
2. Over time my memory has developed so much that I never forget anything I ______________(tell).
3. Many new houses _______________ (build) in the flood-stricken area in the past few months.
4. Up to now, no letters ___________________(receive) from my friends in the USA.
have been told
have been sent
have been built
have been received
5. By(在...之前) the time they returned to the USA, Jack’s dream ___________ (come) true.
6. All the work ________________ (finish) so far(到目前为止).
7. Many Chinese teachers __________(send) to Britain to teach Chinese in the past(过去).
8. The old __________ (take) care of in our country now.
9. It is said that(据说) a lot of new schools ____________(set) up next year.
has been finished
were sent
had come
are taken
will be set
Exercises（金版P49)
Thank you
肯定式：
S+have/has+V-过去分词(done)
否定式：
S+have/has+not+V-过去分词...
一般疑问句：
Have/Has+S+V-过去分词...
特殊疑问句：
疑问词+have/has+S+V-过去分词...
主动语态变被动语态的原则
“三变”
例：They are building nine parks.
原句主语 by的_____
原句宾语 主语
谓语由主动 _____ be+done
“三不变”
原句意思不变
原句时态不变
原句主谓宾以外成分不变
Nine parks _________________ by them.
are being built
宾语
被动
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. ---_____ the sports meet will be put off.
A. I’ve been told B. I’ve told
C. I’m told D. I told
2. All the preparations for the task ____, and we’re ready to start.
A. completed
B. complete
C. had been completed
D. have been completed
3. ---- How long ____ at this job
---- Since 1990.
A. were you employed
B. have you been employed
C. had you been employed
D. will you be employed
4. When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ____ yet.
A. are not decided
B. have not been decided
C. is not being decided
D. has not been decided