(共32张PPT)
Unit 4 The art of having fun
七年级
外研2024版
下
单词解析（二）
1.detail(名词)细节、细微之处
[用法讲解] detail指细节或详情时，为可数名词，其复数形式为details;detail指琐事时，为不可数名词;detail也可为动词，译为“详细说明”。
Eg: I can remember every little detail.我能记住每一个小细节。
He took care of all the details of the party.他处理了聚会的所有琐事。
She detailed the process of making the cake in her blog.她在博客中详细描述了制作蛋糕的过程。
[常见搭配] in detail 详细地(作副词用)
with detail 详细地(作介词短语使用)
Eg: He explained the plan in detail.他详细解释了计划。
The report was written with great detail.这份报告写得非常详细。
2.conclusion (名词)结论
[用法讲解] conclusion为可数名词，其复数形式为conclusions.
Eg: The investigation took several months to reach a conclusion.调查花了几个月才得出结论。
[常见搭配] in conclusion 最后、总之
jump to conclusions匆忙下结论、贸然断定
a foregone conclusion预料中的必然结局
Eg: In conclusion,I would like to thank everyone for their contributions.最后，我想感谢大家的贡献。
There I go again -- jumping to conclusions.我又犯老毛病了，冒冒失失地下结论。
The success of the project was a foregone conclusion.项目的成功是预料之中的。
[派生词] conclude为动词，译为“结束、得出结论”。
Eg: The meeting will conclude with a summary of the main points.会议将以主要点的总结结束。
3.open-minded(形容词)愿意考虑、不同意见的、思想开明的
[用法讲解]open -minded在句中常作定语修饰名词或作表语。
Eg: He is an open - minded person. 他是一个思想开放的人。
You can talk to her about anything -- she's very open -minded.你什么事都可以跟她谈，她思想很开明。
[反义词] closed -minded为形容词，译为“思想封闭的”;narrow -minded为形容词，译为“心胸狭窄的”。
Eg: He is very closed -minded and refuses to consider any new ideas.
他非常保守，拒绝考虑任何新思想。
She's quite narrow - minded. 她非常心胸狭窄。
4.ourselves (代词)我们自己
[用法讲解] ourselves是一个反身代词，在句中常作宾语、同位语或表语。
[知识拓展]其它反身代词有myself(我自己); yourself(你自己);herself(她自己); himself (他自己);itself(它自己); yourselves(你们自己);themselves(他们自己)。
Eg: We are so proud of ourselves. 我们对自己感到非常自豪。
You'd better ask Mary herself.你最好问问玛丽本人。
The man in the photo is myself.照片上那个人是我。
[常见搭配] enjoy oneself玩得高兴、过得愉快
by oneself 独自地、单独地
for oneself 亲自、本人
to oneself 独自享用、独自占有
with oneself自我控制、自我约束
Eg: We enjoyed ourselves last night.我们昨天晚上玩得很开心。
He learned to swim by himself.他自学游泳。
He signed the contract for himself.他亲自签了合同。
She kept the secret to herself. 她保守秘密，没有告诉别人。
He needs to learn to control his anger with himself.他需要学会控制自己的愤怒。
5.else(副词)另外、其他、别的、另外的(用于表达不同的人、事物、地方等)
[用法讲解] else作副词时，常位于疑问代词或副词之后;else也可作形容词，译为“其他的、另外的”，此时常用来修饰不定代词，位于不定代词之后。
Eg: What else do you need 你还需要什么
Is there anyone else in the room 房间里还有其他人吗
[用法辨析] else与other区别
else通常用来修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词，必须放在这些词之后;
other通常用在名词或代词之前，修饰名词或代词。
Eg: Ask somebody else to help you.请别人帮帮你吧。
Do you have any other questions 你还有其他问题吗
6.differently(副词)不同地、相异的
[用法讲解] differently主要用来修饰动词或整个句子。
Eg: We behave differently from our parents.我们与父母的行为方式不同。
He likes to wear something differently.他喜欢穿不同的东西。
[派生词] different为形容词，译为“不同的”; difference为名词，译为“不同点”。
[常见搭配] be different from... 与...不同
Eg: This book is different from that one.这本书和那本书不同。
There is a big difference between summer and winter.夏天和冬天有很大的不同。
7. instruction (名词)命令、指示
[用法讲解] instruction译为“命令、指示”时为可数名词，其复数形式为instructions; instruction译为“教学、讲授”时为不可数名词。
Eg: Since it is an instruction, I will carry it out. 既然是命令，我遵照执行。
Over 500 pupils are receiving instruction here.500多名小学生在这儿接受教育。
[常见搭配] follow one's instructions 服从指示
under one's instruction 在某人的指导下
Eg: Follow my instructions, or find another job.照我的指令做，否则就别干了。
We work under Mr.Smith's instruction.我们在史密斯先生的指导下工作。
[派生词] instruct为动词，译为“命令、指导”。
[常见搭配] instruct sb. to do sth.命令/指示某人做某事
Eg: He instructed us to start the work at once.他命令我们立刻开始工作。
8.daily(形容词)每日、每天
[用法讲解] daily也可作副词，译为“日常地、每日”;daily还可为名词，译为“日报、日刊”。
Eg: Credit card has become a daily consumption payment tool.
信用卡已成为一种日常的消费支付工具。
I need to take my medicine daily. 我需要每天服用药物。
Do you read the daily 你看每日报纸吗
[常见搭配] daily life日常生活
Eg: Commuting is a part of daily life for many people.乘车上下班是许多人日常生活的一部分。
[易混辨析] daily与everyday区别
daily强调每天发生的事情，侧重具体的世家频率;
everyday强调事物的普遍性和平常性，不强调是否每天发生。
Eg: We milk the cows daily. 我们每天挤牛奶。
It's everyday routine. 这是每天的例行公事。
9.while (连词) 当...时、在...时
[用法讲解] while也可作连词，还可译为“只要”和“然而”之意。
Eg: My mother was cooking while my father was reading newspaper.我爸爸在看报纸时妈妈在做饭。
While there is a way there is away.有志者事竟成。
Some people waste food while others haven't enough.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
[常见搭配] for a while 暂时
once in a while偶尔
Eg: I think you'd better lay off fatty foods for a while.我认为你最好暂时别吃高脂食物。
Once in a while she phoned him. 她偶尔给他打电话。
[知识拓展] while在做连词，译为“当...时候”时与when的区别:
when，while都可表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，但用法不同
(1)when引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词可以是终止性动词，也可是延续性动词;而while引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词必须为延续性动词。
Eg: We were talking when the teacher came in.老师进来的时候我们正在聊天。
They arrived when/ while we were having dinner.当我们吃完饭的时候他们到了。
(2)when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态
当主句用过去进行时时，when引导的从句则用一般过去时;
Eg: They were working when it began to rain.当开始下雨时他们正在工作。
当主句用一般过去时时，when引导的从句则用过去进行时;
Eg: When I was waiting to cross the road, the accident happened.
当我正等着过马路时，交通事故发生了。
此时，能够延续的动词用过去进行时，终止性动词用一般过去时
(3)while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态
当主句用一般过去时时，while引导的从句则用过去进行时;
Eg: I saw an accident while I was walking on the road.
当主句用过去进行时时，while引导的从句则用过去进行时:
Eg: While she was falling, she was thinking about her cat.
两个延续性动作同时发生，主句和while从句都用过去进行时。
10.housework(名词)家务(劳动)
[用法讲解] housework为不可数名词。
Eg: She has a lot of housework to do every day. 她每天都有很多家务要做。
[常见搭配] do housework 做家务
Eg: She does the housework every day.她每天做家务。
11.explore (动词)探讨、探究
Eg: We explore the mysteries of the universe all the time.我们一致在探索宇宙之谜。
[常见搭配] explore sth. with sb.与某人一起探索某事
explore further 进一步探索
Eg: I want to explore the world with my friends.我想和朋友一起探索世界。
We should explore further before making a decision.我们在做决定之前应该进一步探索。
[派生词]exploration为名词，译为“探索”; explorer为名词，译为“探索者”。
Eg: It's difficult to quantify the value of space exploration.把太空探索的价值进行量化是很困难的。
The explorer kept a journal of his adventures.这位探险家把他的冒险经历写成日记。
12.discussion (名词)讨论、谈论、商讨
[用法讲解] discussion在表示一次讨论活动或讨论等具体意义时为可数名词;在表示抽象意义的讨论或讨论的动作或状态时为不可数名词。
Eg: Let's have a discussion about the new project proposal tomorrow.
让我们明天进行关于新工程提案的讨论。
[常见搭配] under discussion 正在讨论中
group discussion 小组讨论
have a discussion with sb. about sth.和某人讨论关于某事
Eg: The new policy is still under discussion.新政策仍在讨论中。
We had a group discussion on the project.我们就项目进行了小组讨论。
We had a discussion with Lily about the importance of English.我们和丽丽讨论关于英语的重要性。
[派生词] discuss为动词，译为“讨论”。
Eg: They are discussing freely.他们在自由地探讨。
[常见搭配] discuss sth. with sb.和某人讨论某事
discuss doing sth.商量做某事
Eg: I discussed the matter with my wife.我和妻子讨论了这件事。
They discussed selling the house. 他们商量过买房子的事。
13.unforgettable (形容词)难以忘怀的
[用法讲解] unforgettable在句中常作定语修饰名词。
Eg: It's an unforgettable experience.这是一次难忘的经历。
[派生词] forget为动词，译为“忘记”; forgetful为形容词，译为“健忘的”。
Eg: Don't forget to close the door.不要忘记关门。
I'm getting forgetful in my old age.我上了年纪，变得健忘了。
14.discover(动词)发现、找到
[常见搭配] discover + that/ wh-从句 发现...
discover ... to be + 名词/形容词/介词短语 发现...成为
discover sth./sth. doing sth.发现/撞见某人或某物在做某事
Eg:They discover that the new teacher is a martinet.他们发现新来的老师非常严格。
We discovered him to be an imposter. 我们发现他是个冒名顶替的骗子。
I discovered him playing the guitar. 我发现他正在弹吉他。
[易混辨析] discover、find和find out区别
discover常指发现本来存在但未被认识的事物、真理或情况;
find常指偶然发现，也可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西，强调动作的结果;
find out常用于经过调查、分析、研究等手段查出的情况。
Eg: Scientists discovered a new species of plant in the rainforest.
科学家在热带雨林中发现了一种新的植物物种。
I found the book I was looking for.我找到了一直在找的书。
Please find out when the meeting starts.请查一下会议什么时候开始。
15.mosquito (名词)蚊子
[用法讲解] mosquito为可数名词，其复数形式为mosquitoes.
Eg: There are many mosquitoes in the garden. 花园里有许多蚊子。
16.insect (名词)昆虫
[用法讲解] insect为可数名词，其复数形式为insects.
Eg: The bee is diligent insect.蜜蜂是勤劳的昆虫。
17.butterfly (名词)蝴蝶
[用法讲解] butterfly为可数名词，其复数形式为butterflies。
Eg: One day, I'll fly away, like a butterfly.有天，我会远走高飞，像蝴蝶一样。
[常见搭配] butterflies in one's stomach 紧张不安
Eg: Before the presentation, I had butterflies in my stomach.在做报告之前，我的心里很紧张。
18.prince (名词)王子
[用法讲解] prince为可数名词，其复数形式为princes.
Eg: A prince is a male member of a royal family.王子是皇室家族中的男性成员。
[对应词] princess为名词，译为“公主”。
Eg: She was got up as an Indian princess.她被打扮成了印度公主。
Thanks!
21世纪教育网（www.21cnjy.com)
中小学教育资源网站
有大量高质量资料？一线教师？一线教研员？
欢迎加入21世纪教育网教师合作团队！！月薪过万不是梦！！
详情请看：
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.php/ 让教学更有效 英语学科
Unit 4 The art of having fun 单词解析（二）
1.detail(名词)细节、细微之处
[用法讲解] detail指细节或详情时，为可数名词，其复数形式为details;detail指琐事时，为不可数名词;detail也可为动词，译为“详细说明”。
Eg: I can remember every little detail.我能记住每一个小细节。
He took care of all the details of the party.他处理了聚会的所有琐事。
She detailed the process of making the cake in her blog.她在博客中详细描述了制作蛋糕的过程。
[常见搭配] in detail 详细地(作副词用)
with detail 详细地(作介词短语使用)
Eg: He explained the plan in detail.他详细解释了计划。
The report was written with great detail.这份报告写得非常详细。
2.conclusion (名词)结论
[用法讲解] conclusion为可数名词，其复数形式为conclusions.
Eg: The investigation took several months to reach a conclusion.调查花了几个月才得出结论。
[常见搭配] in conclusion 最后、总之
jump to conclusions匆忙下结论、贸然断定
a foregone conclusion预料中的必然结局
Eg: In conclusion,I would like to thank everyone for their contributions.最后，我想感谢大家的贡献。
There I go again -- jumping to conclusions.我又犯老毛病了，冒冒失失地下结论。
The success of the project was a foregone conclusion.项目的成功是预料之中的。
[派生词] conclude为动词，译为“结束、得出结论”。
Eg: The meeting will conclude with a summary of the main points.会议将以主要点的总结结束。
3.open-minded(形容词)愿意考虑、不同意见的、思想开明的
[用法讲解]open -minded在句中常作定语修饰名词或作表语。
Eg: He is an open - minded person. 他是一个思想开放的人。
You can talk to her about anything -- she's very open -minded.你什么事都可以跟她谈，她思想很开明。
[反义词] closed -minded为形容词，译为“思想封闭的”;narrow -minded为形容词，译为“心胸狭窄的”。
Eg: He is very closed -minded and refuses to consider any new ideas.
他非常保守，拒绝考虑任何新思想。
She's quite narrow - minded. 她非常心胸狭窄。
4.ourselves (代词)我们自己
[用法讲解] ourselves是一个反身代词，在句中常作宾语、同位语或表语。
[知识拓展]其它反身代词有myself(我自己); yourself(你自己);herself(她自己); himself (他自己);itself(它自己); yourselves(你们自己);themselves(他们自己)。
Eg: We are so proud of ourselves. 我们对自己感到非常自豪。
You'd better ask Mary herself.你最好问问玛丽本人。
The man in the photo is myself.照片上那个人是我。
[常见搭配] enjoy oneself玩得高兴、过得愉快
by oneself 独自地、单独地
for oneself 亲自、本人
to oneself 独自享用、独自占有
with oneself自我控制、自我约束
Eg: We enjoyed ourselves last night.我们昨天晚上玩得很开心。
He learned to swim by himself.他自学游泳。
He signed the contract for himself.他亲自签了合同。
She kept the secret to herself. 她保守秘密，没有告诉别人。
He needs to learn to control his anger with himself.他需要学会控制自己的愤怒。
5.else(副词)另外、其他、别的、另外的(用于表达不同的人、事物、地方等)
[用法讲解] else作副词时，常位于疑问代词或副词之后;else也可作形容词，译为“其他的、另外的”，此时常用来修饰不定代词，位于不定代词之后。
Eg: What else do you need 你还需要什么
Is there anyone else in the room 房间里还有其他人吗
[用法辨析] else与other区别
else通常用来修饰不定代词、疑问代词或疑问副词，必须放在这些词之后;
other通常用在名词或代词之前，修饰名词或代词。
Eg: Ask somebody else to help you.请别人帮帮你吧。
Do you have any other questions 你还有其他问题吗
6.differently(副词)不同地、相异的
[用法讲解] differently主要用来修饰动词或整个句子。
Eg: We behave differently from our parents.我们与父母的行为方式不同。
He likes to wear something differently.他喜欢穿不同的东西。
[派生词] different为形容词，译为“不同的”; difference为名词，译为“不同点”。
[常见搭配] be different from... 与...不同
Eg: This book is different from that one.这本书和那本书不同。
There is a big difference between summer and winter.夏天和冬天有很大的不同。
instruction (名词)命令、指示
[用法讲解] instruction译为“命令、指示”时为可数名词，其复数形式为instructions; instruction译为“教学、讲授”时为不可数名词。
Eg: Since it is an instruction, I will carry it out. 既然是命令，我遵照执行。
Over 500 pupils are receiving instruction here.500多名小学生在这儿接受教育。
[常见搭配] follow one's instructions 服从指示
under one's instruction 在某人的指导下
Eg: Follow my instructions, or find another job.照我的指令做，否则就别干了。
We work under Mr.Smith's instruction.我们在史密斯先生的指导下工作。
[派生词] instruct为动词，译为“命令、指导”。
[常见搭配] instruct sb. to do sth.命令/指示某人做某事
Eg: He instructed us to start the work at once.他命令我们立刻开始工作。
8.daily(形容词)每日、每天
[用法讲解] daily也可作副词，译为“日常地、每日”;daily还可为名词，译为“日报、日刊”。
Eg: Credit card has become a daily consumption payment tool.
信用卡已成为一种日常的消费支付工具。
I need to take my medicine daily. 我需要每天服用药物。
Do you read the daily 你看每日报纸吗
[常见搭配] daily life日常生活
Eg: Commuting is a part of daily life for many people.乘车上下班是许多人日常生活的一部分。
[易混辨析] daily与everyday区别
daily强调每天发生的事情，侧重具体的世家频率;
everyday强调事物的普遍性和平常性，不强调是否每天发生。
Eg: We milk the cows daily. 我们每天挤牛奶。
It's everyday routine. 这是每天的例行公事。
9.while (连词) 当...时、在...时
[用法讲解] while也可作连词，还可译为“只要”和“然而”之意。
Eg: My mother was cooking while my father was reading newspaper.我爸爸在看报纸时妈妈在做饭。
While there is a way there is away.有志者事竟成。
Some people waste food while others haven't enough.有些人浪费粮食，然而有些人却吃不饱。
[常见搭配] for a while 暂时
once in a while偶尔
Eg: I think you'd better lay off fatty foods for a while.我认为你最好暂时别吃高脂食物。
Once in a while she phoned him. 她偶尔给他打电话。
[知识拓展] while在做连词，译为“当...时候”时与when的区别:
when，while都可表示主、从句的动作或状态同时发生，但用法不同
(1)when引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词可以是终止性动词，也可是延续性动词;而while引导的时间状语从句中，谓语动词必须为延续性动词。
Eg: We were talking when the teacher came in.老师进来的时候我们正在聊天。
They arrived when/ while we were having dinner.当我们吃完饭的时候他们到了。
(2)when引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态
当主句用过去进行时时，when引导的从句则用一般过去时;
Eg: They were working when it began to rain.当开始下雨时他们正在工作。
当主句用一般过去时时，when引导的从句则用过去进行时;
Eg: When I was waiting to cross the road, the accident happened.
当我正等着过马路时，交通事故发生了。
此时，能够延续的动词用过去进行时，终止性动词用一般过去时
(3)while引导的时间状语从句与主句的时态
当主句用一般过去时时，while引导的从句则用过去进行时;
Eg: I saw an accident while I was walking on the road.
当主句用过去进行时时，while引导的从句则用过去进行时:
Eg: While she was falling, she was thinking about her cat.
两个延续性动作同时发生，主句和while从句都用过去进行时。
10.housework(名词)家务(劳动)
[用法讲解] housework为不可数名词。
Eg: She has a lot of housework to do every day. 她每天都有很多家务要做。
[常见搭配] do housework 做家务
Eg: She does the housework every day.她每天做家务。
11.explore (动词)探讨、探究
Eg: We explore the mysteries of the universe all the time.我们一致在探索宇宙之谜。
[常见搭配] explore sth. with sb.与某人一起探索某事
explore further 进一步探索
Eg: I want to explore the world with my friends.我想和朋友一起探索世界。
We should explore further before making a decision.我们在做决定之前应该进一步探索。
[派生词]exploration为名词，译为“探索”; explorer为名词，译为“探索者”。
Eg: It's difficult to quantify the value of space exploration.把太空探索的价值进行量化是很困难的。
The explorer kept a journal of his adventures.这位探险家把他的冒险经历写成日记。
12.discussion (名词)讨论、谈论、商讨
[用法讲解] discussion在表示一次讨论活动或讨论等具体意义时为可数名词;在表示抽象意义的讨论或讨论的动作或状态时为不可数名词。
Eg: Let's have a discussion about the new project proposal tomorrow.
让我们明天进行关于新工程提案的讨论。
[常见搭配] under discussion 正在讨论中
group discussion 小组讨论
have a discussion with sb. about sth.和某人讨论关于某事
Eg: The new policy is still under discussion.新政策仍在讨论中。
We had a group discussion on the project.我们就项目进行了小组讨论。
We had a discussion with Lily about the importance of English.我们和丽丽讨论关于英语的重要性。
[派生词] discuss为动词，译为“讨论”。
Eg: They are discussing freely.他们在自由地探讨。
[常见搭配] discuss sth. with sb.和某人讨论某事
discuss doing sth.商量做某事
Eg: I discussed the matter with my wife.我和妻子讨论了这件事。
They discussed selling the house. 他们商量过买房子的事。
13.unforgettable (形容词)难以忘怀的
[用法讲解] unforgettable在句中常作定语修饰名词。
Eg: It's an unforgettable experience.这是一次难忘的经历。
[派生词] forget为动词，译为“忘记”; forgetful为形容词，译为“健忘的”。
Eg: Don't forget to close the door.不要忘记关门。
I'm getting forgetful in my old age.我上了年纪，变得健忘了。
14.discover(动词)发现、找到
[常见搭配] discover + that/ wh-从句 发现...
discover ... to be + 名词/形容词/介词短语 发现...成为
discover sth./sth. doing sth.发现/撞见某人或某物在做某事
Eg:They discover that the new teacher is a martinet.他们发现新来的老师非常严格。
We discovered him to be an imposter. 我们发现他是个冒名顶替的骗子。
I discovered him playing the guitar. 我发现他正在弹吉他。
[易混辨析] discover、find和find out区别
discover常指发现本来存在但未被认识的事物、真理或情况;
find常指偶然发现，也可指经过寻找后得到或重新获得已失去的东西，强调动作的结果;
find out常用于经过调查、分析、研究等手段查出的情况。
Eg: Scientists discovered a new species of plant in the rainforest.
科学家在热带雨林中发现了一种新的植物物种。
I found the book I was looking for.我找到了一直在找的书。
Please find out when the meeting starts.请查一下会议什么时候开始。
15.mosquito (名词)蚊子
[用法讲解] mosquito为可数名词，其复数形式为mosquitoes.
Eg: There are many mosquitoes in the garden. 花园里有许多蚊子。
16.insect (名词)昆虫
[用法讲解] insect为可数名词，其复数形式为 insects.
Eg: The bee is diligent insect.蜜蜂是勤劳的昆虫。
17.butterfly (名词)蝴蝶
[用法讲解] butterfly为可数名词，其复数形式为butterflies。
Eg: One day, I'll fly away, like a butterfly.有天，我会远走高飞，像蝴蝶一样。
[常见搭配] butterflies in one's stomach 紧张不安
Eg: Before the presentation, I had butterflies in my stomach.在做报告之前，我的心里很紧张。
18.prince (名词)王子
[用法讲解] prince为可数名词，其复数形式为 princes.
Eg: A prince is a male member of a royal family.王子是皇室家族中的男性成员。
[对应词] princess为名词，译为“公主”。
Eg: She was got up as an Indian princess.她被打扮成了印度公主。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
