Unit 1 Science Fiction Using Language 课件（共45张，内嵌音视频）高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第四册

(共45张PPT)
UNIT 1
SCIENCE FICTION
Using Language：
Write a sci-fi short story (I)
To know some famous science fiction writers.
To read for the main idea of the passage.
To discuss what you would do if you could time travel.
To write a sci-fi short story.
Look at the pictures, guess what they are.
Enjoy a short video
Background Knowledge
The Time Machine
The film, The Time Machine was adapted from a novel of the same name, written by H. G. Wells.
Look at the portrait. Who is he
H.G. Wells (1866-1946) is — along with Jules Verne — most often credited with being the inventor of the science fiction genre. He was born in Kent, England.
Well’s contribution was the idea that all of the details in the story should be as closely grounded in reality as possible, with the exception of one element which was fantastical. By having everything else grounded in reality, audiences are more willing to accept the fantastical element as true.
Look at the pictures. What does the time machine look like How is it different from what you expected
Read an extract from this story written in 1895 and find the main idea.
What's the main idea of the text
The text mainly talks about ____________________________________________________________
in the Time Machine.
the Time Traveller's experiences and feelings
1. How does the Time Traveller first know
has travelled through time
2. How does the Time Traveller feel when
travelling through time
3. Why is the Time Traveller worried
about stopping the machine
4. Where does the Time Machine arrive
when the man finally stops it
Tasks: reading for details
Para1
It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career. I gave it a last check, and sat myself in the leather seat. I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again. Looking around, I saw my laboratory exactly as before. Had anything happened I thought my mind had tricked me. Then I saw the clock. A moment before, it was a minute or so past ten; now it was nearly half past three!
1. How does the Time Traveller first know he has travelled through time
He saw the clock move forwards.
reference objects 参照物
Para3
It is hard to explain the strange and unpleasant feeling of time travelling. It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road. As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air. The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky, but soon there was division between night and day. Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke; they grew, spread, and died in moments. I saw huge buildings rise up, then disappear like in a dream. The whole surface of the earth was being changed, melting and flowing before my eyes. I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
2. How does the Time Traveller feel when travelling through time
It felt strange and unpleasant.
simile 明喻
overstatement 夸张
Rhetorical devices
Para4
I had a strange urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes! I had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine many times. So long as I travelled at maximum speed, it didn’t matter. But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb! Like an impatient fool, I pulled the lever backwards hard. With a sudden jolt, the Time Machine was flipped on its side, and I was thrown through the air.
3. Why is the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine
It has the risk like machine stops unexpectedly; being forced together with something else and explode
3 Read the text and answer the questions.
He found the time was different.
1. How does the Time Traveller first know he has travelled through time
He saw the clock move forwards.
2. How does the Time Traveller feel when travelling through time
It felt strange and unpleasant.
He had thought about the risk of stopping the Time Machine.
3. Why is the Time Traveller worried about stopping the machine
If he stopped and the same space was being occupied by something else, they would be forced together and explode like a bomb.
4. Where does the Time Machine arrive when the man finally stops it
In some mud in the rain.
He was in the rain in some mud next to the machine.
The lab looked like before but about ______________ hours had passed.
The first attempt in a ______________
When the Time Machine speeded up
When the Time Machine ran even faster
Time Machine
The lab went ______ and I was invisible to my ______.
five and a half
haze
niece
The walls of the lab ________ and I was left in ____________, with things around me changing fast.
fell away
the open air
The Time Machine came to a stop
It was a _____ to stop the Time Machine. Eventually, it was _______ on its side.
risk
flipped
Remarks on my time travel
The traveler has traveled ____________ years into the future.
thousands of
vt.&vi.使快速翻转
Choose the best answers.
1. What makes the traveler think that the time machine works
A. The change of time on a clock.
B. The lab that looks different.
C. The strange feeling in mind.
D. The trick the machine plays on him.
2. Why is the author invisible to his niece
A. Because he is hidden from her.
B. Because they are not in the same time.
C. Because there is no lamp in the room.
D. Because he moves like a rocket.
3. How does the time traveler feel when travelling through time
A. Excited
B. Relaxed
C. Unfortunate
D. Uncomfortable
4. Why is the time traveler worried about stopping the machine
A. An accident can happen.
B. The machine will turn over.
C. An explosion may take place.
D. The machine has no brakes.
4 Discuss what might happen next in the story. Use the following questions to help you and make brief notes. Then present your story to the class.
What date do you think it is when the Time Traveller finally stops
What do you think is different about that time from the time he left
Who or what do you think the Time Traveller will meet
What adventures do you think he will have in the future
Do you think he will ever return to his own time
如何写科幻故事
【写作任务】
某科幻文学杂志的Time Travel栏目正在面向中学生征稿，请你写一篇英文科幻故事投稿。
注意：1. 词数120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
科幻故事
科幻故事写作属于想象性作文。这类题目要求学生创造出从未接触甚至根本不存在的新形象。允许自由想象、自主发挥的空间较大, 因此需要灵活的思维和丰富的想象力。科幻故事是用幻想的形式, 表现人类在未来世界的物质精神文化生活和科学技术远景, 其内容交织着科学事实和预见、想象。特点是内容丰富、奇特, 并且情节合理。
科幻类作文包括两个主要因素：科学、幻想。科学既要有科学依据，要遵循科学原理。幻想是指对现实中不可能或者目前不可能发生的事情的奇特想象。能够展示科学世界的无限奥秘和神奇，启迪智慧，激励人们不断探索求知，但不是无限制地夸张与虚构。因此在写作时要注意：可以有新奇大胆的想象但要有一定的科学知识作基础，要科学幻想而不是胡思乱想。可以从自己的生活出发进行幻想，寻找题材，可以就如何解决现实或者未来世界中会出现的问题进行合理想象。
一、审题定调
本写作任务要求写一篇关于时间旅行的英文科幻故事，此类写作需要大胆发挥想象力。本文可首先介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理，其次讲述时间旅行的经历，最后谈谈你的感受。
二、谋篇布局
本写作任务可分为三部分：
第一部分：介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理；
第二部分：讲述时间旅行的经历；
第三部分：表达时间旅行的感受。
三、组织语言
第一部分：介绍时间机器的外形和工作原理。
普通表达 高级表达
★I made a time machine after one year of study. ★It looks like ... and has three automatic doors. ★I can go in and out freely. After doing research for one year, I invented a time machine, which is shaped like ... with three automatic doors, through which I can go in and out freely.
It is a magic machine that can obey my thoughts and reach a place of dreams without any energy. It is so magical that it works just by reading my mind and doesn’t consume any energy, taking me to the places of my dreams.
普通表达 高级表达
... when I thought of ... in it, I was immediately sent to ... and met my favourite boy wizard (魔法师). ★... the moment I thought of ..., in no time did I meet my best-loved boy wizard at ...
★... flashed into my mind, I instantly encountered with ...
... we became close friends, had adventures together and fought against bad magicians bravely. ... we developed close ties, experienced adventures together and confronted (对抗) with the evil wizards heroically.
第二部分：讲述时间旅行的经历。
第三部分：表达时间旅行的感受。
普通表达 高级表达
I was happy / excited / shocked at this special / wonderful experience and learned the value of friendship. This fantastic / thrilling (刺激的) / marvelous (不可思议的) experience taught me that friendship was the light in the soul that changed hardship into hope and fear into bravery.
Thanks to ..., I could have such an unforgettable experience! Without ..., I couldn’t have had such a unique experience.
普通范文
I made a time machine after one year of study. It looks like a star and has three automatic doors. I can go in and out freely. It is a magic machine that can obey my thoughts and reach a place of dreams without any energy.
One day, when I thought of Harry Potter in it, I was immediately sent to his magic school and met my favourite boy wizard.
There we became close friends, had adventures together and fought against bad magicians bravely.
I was excited at this special experience and learned the value of friendship. Thanks to my time machine, I could have such an unforgettable experience!
高级范文
After doing research for one year, I invented a time machine, which is shaped like a star with three automatic doors, through which I can go in and out freely. It is so magical that it works just by reading my mind and doesn’t consume any energy, taking me to the places of my dreams.
One day, the moment I thought of Harry Potter, in no time did I meet my best-loved boy wizard at his magic school. Soon we developed close ties, experienced adventures together and confronted with the evil wizards heroically.
This thrilling experience taught me that friendship was the light in the soul that changed hardship into hope and fear into bravery. Without my time machine, I couldn’t have had such a unique experience.
The sea is everything. It covers seven tenths of the terrestrial globe. Its breath is pure and healthy. It is an immense desert, where man is never lonely, for he feels life stirring on all sides. The sea is only the embodiment of a supernatural and wonderful existence. It is nothing but love and emotion; it is the Living Infinite.
― Jules Verne, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea
Language Points
1. I pushed the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.
把主面板上的启动杆向前推了一英寸，然后立刻又向后推了一英寸。
backwards adv. in the direction that is behind you; towards the beginning or the past 向后；倒着；往回
backwards and forwards　来回地
eg The third wave was so strong it knocked me backwards.
第3个浪头如此猛烈，把我击得往后退。
‘Ambulance’ is written backwards so you can read it in the mirror.
ambulance是倒着写的，以便在镜中认读。
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) Travelling backwards and forwards every day cost him too much money.
每天来回花了他太多的钱。
2) She looked backwards when she heard someone calling her.
当她听见有人叫她时, 她向后看了看。
3) You can begin in the last chapter, if you like, and read backwards or in any order, without missing anything.
如果你愿意，你可以从最后一章开始倒着读，或者打乱顺序去读，都不会遗漏任何一点。
2. My niece came in to fetch something…
我的侄女进来取什么东西……
fetch vt. to go and get something or someone and bring them back 去拿来；去取来
eg We’ll send someone along /over to fetch it.
Run home this moment, and fetch me a pair of gloves and a fan! (翻译)
我们将派人来取。
马上跑回家去, 给我拿一双手套和一把扇子来!
fetch, bring, take
fetch 指从说话的地方出去拿了东西再回到说话的地方。
bring 指带来，从远处带到说话的地方。
take 指带走，从说话的地方把东西带走
【语境应用】选词填空(fetch, bring, take, carry, get)。
1) I’ve trained my dog to ______ my slippers.
2) Please ask Uncle Tom to ______ you here in August.
3) Remember to ______ your books when you leave.
4) Shall I __________ you your coat from the next room
5) It’s time to __________ the children from school.
6) She ________ her baby in her arms.
7) I never ______ much money (with me).
fetch
bring
take
carry意为“拿；提；扛”，没有方向性，但有负重的含义。
get/fetch 表示到某地去把某物取来，强调动作的往返。
get / fetch
get / fetch
carried
carry
3. Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来了。
turn out: switch (a light or fire) off; extinguish sth关掉，熄灭(电灯/煤气等)
happen in that way or has the result or degree of success indicated. 发生，结果是
eg Remember to turn out the lights when you go to bed.
No one could have foreseen (that) things would turn out this way.
【拓展】turn短语
turn down 关小; 拒绝
turn away 拒绝……入内；把……打发走
turn up 出现; 露面; 调大
turn to 转向; 变成; 求助于; 翻到(书的某页)
turn over 打翻; 翻身; 移交
【语境应用】用turn短语完成句子。
1) The new blog may _________ to be no more than a clever public-relations stunt (噱头).
2) In times of crisis I know which friends I can _______.
3) Hundreds of people had to be ____________ because the stadium was so full that couldn’t even admit one drop in.
4) Don’t worry. I’m sure your missing glasses will __________ sooner or later.
5) We should learn how to ___________ others’ invitation politely.
6) The archaeologist said most boulders (岩石) with markings were too heavy to _________ to find out if they were decorated on the reverse side.
turn out
turn to
turned away
turned up
turn over
turn down
as if在句中引导方式状语从句。
as if (=as though) 仿佛，好像，可用来引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
(1) 如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的，从句要用陈述语气。
eg Look at the dark clouds in the sky! It looks as if it is going to rain.
(2) 当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极不可能发生或存在的情况时，从句要用虚拟语气。
虚拟语气 as if 从句谓语动词
与现在事实不符 过去式(be动词用were)
与过去事实不符 had+过去分词
与将来事实不符 would/ could/ might/ should +动词原形
eg He talks as if he knew all about it.
他谈起来好像对此全知道似的。(与现在事实不符)
He kept working as if nothing had happened.
他继续工作，好像什么都没有发生过。(与过去事实不符)
It looks as if it might rain.
天看上去好像要下雨。(与将来事实不符)
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 快点儿！看起来火车好像要开了。
Hurry up! It looks ___________________________________.
2) 这个讲故事的人以一种生动的方式给我们讲故事，好像他亲自检验过那个机器人一样。
The storyteller was telling us a story in a vivid way ___________________
_______________________.
as if/ though the train is going to leave
as if/ though he himself
had tested out that robot
4. As my pace grew faster, the walls of the laboratory fell away…
随着我的步伐加快，实验室的墙壁倒塌了……
fall away: to become gradually fewer or smaller; to disappear
逐渐减少；消失
eg The market for their products fell away to almost nothing.
All our doubts fell away.
The houses fell away as we left the city.
【拓展】fall短语:
fall behind 落在后面
fall down 倒下; 跌倒; 倒塌
fall off 下降; 跌落
fall over 跌倒
fall into the habit of... 形成……习惯
fall apart 破碎；破裂；崩溃
fall in love with 爱上……
【语境应用】用fall短语完成句子。
1) He always ___________ when we climb mountain.
2) Don’t put that glass on the edge of the table; it might _________.
3) I was unlucky to slip on a banana skin and _________.
4) The pupils of the class _________ four groups.
5) Others __________ under pressure, while a few people do well despite the pressure.
6) When the teacher asked why she did so, Lan said if her house could fly, it wouldn’t ___________ in an earthquake.
falls behind
fall off
fall over
fall into
fall apart
fall down
5. I had a strong urge to look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!
我有一种强烈的冲动，想看看眼前闪过的那些乱七八糟的东西!
urge n. strong desire or impulse 强烈的欲望；冲动
have an urge to 有强烈的欲望做某事
eg He had a strong urge to dismiss Mary, for she had made a big mistake in her work. 他想解雇Mary，因为她在工作中犯了一个大错误。
vt. to strongly advise or try to persuade someone to do a particular thing
催促；力劝；大力推荐
urge sb. to do sth. 强烈要求某人做某事
urge sth./ sb. on 催促某物/某人前进
urge that ... (从句should +动词原形，should可省)
It is urged that … (should) do sth. 极力主张/强调……做某事
urgent adj. 紧急的; 迫切的
urgency n. 紧急; 催促
eg It is all very well to urge people to give more to charity when they have less, but is it really fair
The authorities urged that every citizen (should) focus attention on the security of food in the early spring.
It was strongly urged that a translation and interpretation center be set up immediately. (翻译)
这样好倒是好, 当他们自己没那么多东西的时候, 却敦促人 们给慈善机构捐更多东西, 这真的公平吗
在早春的时候, 政府敦促每个市民关注食品安全。
笔译和口译中心的成立迫在眉睫。
【语境应用】完成句子。
Our teacher _____________________ (要求我们努力学习) with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.
2) I ______________ (我强烈想要) help people out when they’re in trouble.
3) I make an _______ (urge) appeal that measures should be taken to cope with the situation.
4) There happens to be a particular ________ (urgent) in this case, and it would help if you could bend the rules.
urges us to study hard
have an urge to
urgent
urgency
6. So long as I travelled at maximum speed, it didn’t matter.
只要我以最高的速度前进，就不会有什么问题。
so/ as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。
eg So long as we work with perseverance, we can make the impossible possible.
只要持之以恒地工作，我们就能把不可能变成可能。
As long as you work out on a daily basis, you will keep healthy.
只要你每天锻炼，你就会保持健康。
引导条件状语从句
if
unless
so/ as long as
only if
on condition that
given (that)
supposing (that)
providing/ provided that
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 只要他接管这家公司，他就会使它焕发生机。
_________________________________ he will bring it to life.
2) 只要我们坚持梦想，我们迟早会成为赢家。
_____________________________, we will become a winner sooner or later.
3) 吉姆说只要我们保持房子干净整洁，我们就可以住在他的房子里。
Jim says we can stay in his house ________________________________.
So long as he takes over the company
As long as we stick to our dreams
as long as we leave it clean and tidy
4) 鉴于我们不能让时光倒流，成年人仍然可以做许多事情来帮助下一代应对未来。
___________________________________, adults can still do plenty to help the next generation cope.
Given that we can’t turn the clock back
7. But if I stopped and the same space was being occupied something else, we would be forced together and explode like a bomb!
但如果我停下来，而同样的空间被别的东西占据，我们就会被迫聚在一起，像炸弹一样爆炸!
explode vi.&vt. to burst, or to make something burst, into small pieces, usually with a loud noise and in a way that causes damage 爆炸；爆破
explode with 突然……
eg He was driving so fast that his car tyre exploded. (翻译)
他的车开得太快导致爆胎。
On seeing his funny expression, we all exploded with laughter.
一看到他滑稽的表情，我们都大笑起来。
explosion n. 爆炸
a bomb/ nuclear/ gas explosion 炸弹/核/ 气体爆炸
eg If the gas pipe explodes, the explosion may do great damage to the buildings around.
如果煤气管道发生爆炸，爆炸可能会对周围的建筑造成巨大损害。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) A number of bombs ______________ (explode), seriously injuring at least five people.
2) After the _________ (explode), the army blocked the surrounding area and forbade anyone to enter it.
3) The speaker’s mistake was so funny the audience _________ (explode) with laughter.
have exploded
explosion
exploded
Thank you