专题四 定语从句全解析+必刷题（含答案）-2025年中考英语专题复习

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
专题四：定语从句
1. 简介
定义：定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，通常位于被修饰词之后。
重要性：掌握定语从句对于理解复杂句子结构和提高阅读理解能力非常重要。
2. 定语从句的基本类型
限制性定语从句：与先行词关系密切，去掉后会影响句子意义。
非限制性定语从句：与先行词关系不那么紧密，去掉后不影响句子主要意义，通常用逗号隔开。
3. 关系代词和关系副词
关系代词：
who, whom, whose（指人）
which（指物）
that（既可指人也可指物）
关系副词：
when（表示时间）
where（表示地点）
why（表示原因）
4. 例句与解析
限制性定语从句：
例句：The man who is talking to my father is a famous scientist.
解析：正在和我父亲谈话的人是一位著名的科学家。who引导的定语从句修饰the man。
非限制性定语从句：
例句：My brother, who lives in Beijing, is a doctor.
解析：我的哥哥是一名医生，他住在北京。who引导的非限制性定语从句修饰my brother。
关系代词that：
例句：The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.
解析：我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。that引导的定语从句修饰the book。
关系副词when：
例句：I will never forget the day when we first met.
解析：我永远不会忘记我们第一次见面的那一天。when引导的定语从句修饰the day。
关系副词where：
例句：This is the school where I studied for five years.
解析：这是我学习了五年的学校。where引导的定语从句修饰the school。
关系副词why：
例句：Do you know the reason why he was late
解析：你知道他迟到的原因吗？why引导的定语从句修饰the reason。
5. 易错点提示
关系代词的选择：根据先行词的不同选择合适的关系代词。
关系副词的使用：当先行词表示时间、地点或原因时，使用相应的关系副词。
限制性和非限制性的区别：注意区分两者在句子中的作用和标点符号的使用。
6. 练习题
基础题：选择合适的词填空。
The girl (who/which) is singing is my sister.
The house (where/which) we lived last year was very old.
This is the reason (why/which) I was absent from the meeting.
The car (that/which) I bought last month is very comfortable.
My friend, (who/which) is a teacher, lives in Shanghai.
中等题：改写句子，使其符合给定的要求。
The man is a doctor. He is wearing glasses. (合并为一个句子)
The city is beautiful. We visited it last summer. (合并为一个句子)
The book is on the table. You gave it to me. (合并为一个句子)
The reason is simple. He didn't come. (合并为一个句子)
The park is near my home. I often go there. (合并为一个句子)
高级题：根据上下文，使用适当的定语从句完成句子。
The man (who/which) is standing by the door is our new neighbor.
The village (where/which) we spent our holiday is very peaceful.
This is the best movie (that/which) I have ever seen.
The restaurant (that/which) we went to last night is very popular.
My brother, (who/which) is a lawyer, works in New York.
7. 答案及解析
基础题答案：
who
where
why
that
who
中等题答案：
The man who is wearing glasses is a doctor.
The city which we visited last summer is beautiful.
The book that you gave to me is on the table.
The reason why he didn't come is simple.
The park where I often go is near my home.
高级题答案：
The man who is standing by the door is our new neighbor.
The village where we spent our holiday is very peaceful.
This is the best movie that I have ever seen.
The restaurant that we went to last night is very popular.
My brother, who is a lawyer, works in New York.
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