Unit 7 第4课时Section B 3a-Self Check（分层作业）-2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

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Unit 7 第4课时Section B 3a-Self check
一、完成句子
1．玛丽生了个健康的女婴，她很高兴.
Mary a healthy baby and she was really happy.
2．你知道他的出生日期吗？
Do you know his
3．你们应该保护小树免受伤害.
You should the young trees harm.
4．我不想再增加体重了，所以我计划每天锻炼。
I don’t want to anymore, so I plan to take exercise every day.
5．现在我们坐汽车到上海要花一个小时左右的时间。
It takes us an hour to get to Shanghai by car now.
二、翻译
词汇积累、短语积累
6．巨大的；极多的
7．杀死
8．保护
9．人口
10．挑战
11．处于危险中
12．极冷的条件
13．失去家园
14．参与；在……中起作用
15．阻止……做某事
16．为了……而捕捉……
17．保护鲸鱼的条例
18．阻止往海里倒垃圾
19．水污染
20．保护……免受……
21．处于危险中
三、完形填空
Emperor penguins（帝企鹅）are the largest penguins on the earth. For many months each year, they live near the sea. However, in May, the weather gets colder and ice 22 large areas of the ocean. They have to go somewhere else that is many kilometers away. There, each mother penguin lays（产）an egg. Then all the hungry 23 must walk back to the ocean to find food. This leaves the job of keeping the eggs 24 to the father penguins.
The father penguins put eggs on top of their feet. In this way, they keep the eggs at body temperature for two months. The job is 25 easy. By July, it is winter in Antarctica. Most animals 26 warmer places, but the father penguins stay. During this time, without food, a father penguin can 27 almost half of his body weight.
By August, the mother penguin returns in time to see her baby come out of its egg. The baby is then moved to her brood pouch（育儿袋）. This can be 28 . If the baby falls, it can freeze（冻住）quickly. So the parents must be 29 . Once this is done, the hungry father penguin returns to the ocean to find food.
Over the next few months, penguin parents take turns going to the ocean for 30 . They each make the trip several times, bringing back something to eat for the baby.
By December, winter is ending. The little penguin is about five 31 old and can live on its own.
22．A．changes B．carries C．passes D．covers
23．A．fathers B．mothers C．adults D．kids
24．A．warm B．thin C．heavy D．cool
25．A．already B．almost C．never D．quite
26．A．give up B．clean up C．leave for D．ask for
27．A．hide B．lose C．use D．need
28．A．easy B．difficult C．boring D．interesting
29．A．joyful B．excited C．anxious D．careful
30．A．water B．exercise C．food D．help
31．A．days B．weeks C．months D．years
四、阅读还原
The world has been troubled by COVID-19 for over a year. Masks (口罩) are really important to everybody during the pandemic (疫情). We all wear masks every day. 32 This could become a big environmental problem.
In a study, scientists from the US and Denmark said that people around the world are now using 129 billion face masks every month. 33 What a large number it is!
According to Elvis Genbo Xu from the University of Southern Denmark, disposable (一次性的) masks are plastic products. 34 People think that they are a new kind of pollution.
35 But we can’t recycle masks. Scientists have called for setting up mask-only trash cans (垃圾箱) to deal with mask waste. 36 We believe that we can solve this problem in the near future though there is still a lot of work to do.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺、内容完整。
A．They also suggest that we use more reusable cotton masks.
B．Other plastic products are often recycled.
C．But we have to throw them away after a short time.
D．That is to say, we use 2.8 million masks every minute!
E．These used plastic masks can not only pollute the earth but also oceans.
五、阅读理解
The Sahara Desert is the largest hot desert in the world. It is about 9 600 000 square kilometers in size. This is almost the size of the America or China. The desert covers eleven countries in the north of Africa.
The Nile runs through the Sahara Desert all year round. But there are also other rivers running through it seasonally (季节性地). The geography of the desert includes huge sand dunes (沙丘) and dune fields. Some of the sand dunes are 80 huge that they can even be over 152 meters high. But there are also other amazing landforms (地形) in different parts of the desert.
It is very hot and dry in the Sahara Desert. The temperature there is usually 30℃. However, during the hottest months, the temperature can go over 50℃. Because of the high temperatures and poor conditions of the desert, only a few plants live here, just about 500 kinds. They also play a role in the number of animals. In the driest part of the desert, there are only 70 different kinds of animals.
Today the Sahara’s population is around four million. They move from place to place through the desert. Because of this there are many different cultures and languages in this area.
37．From the first paragraph we can know that the Sahara Desert ________.
A．is the same as America in size B．is almost as big as China C．is about 960 000 square kilometers in size D．covers eleven countries in the south of Africa
38．What does the underlined word “They” refer to
A．High temperatures and poor conditions. B．Some plants and animals. C．Huge dunes and dune fields. D．Languages and culture.
39．What can’t we know about the Sahara Desert
A．Its size. B．Its landforms. C．Its temperatures. D．Its future.
40．What can we learn from the passage
A．There is no water in the Sahara Desert.
B．Only the Nile goes through the desert.
C．There are only seventy different kinds of plants living there.
D．The Sahara area is rich in culture and language.
41．Where can we find the passage most probably
A．In a storybook. B．In a sports magazine.
C．In a geography book. D．In a health newspaper.
六、短文填空
The panda is thought to be one of the cutest animals in the world. But it is also one of the animals 42 danger. Nowadays, there are only 43 than 2,000 pandas in the world.
Pandas live in the forests and mountains of Southwest China. The 44 mainly feed them with bamboo, and an adult panda needs to 45 a lot of bamboo every day. However, the area of bamboo forests is becoming smaller and smaller 46 of human activities. So pandas are becoming fewer in number. Our 47 has made laws to help the pandas. There are more than 30 nature 48 to protect pandas from being hurt by other animals, but these are not enough. More nature parks and bamboo forests are 49 so that pandas can have enough places to live in and enough food to eat. Besides, everyone should play a part in 50 the pandas. After all, 51 share the same world with them.
参考答案
题号 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
答案 D B A C C B B D C C
题号 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
答案 C D E B A B A D D C
1． gave birth to
【详解】“生”give birth to。根据“was”可知用一般过去时，give的过去式gave。故填gave；birth；to。
2． date of birth
【详解】“出生日期”date of birth。结合“his”可知用单数。故填date；of；birth。
3． protect from/against
【详解】protect…from/against…“保护……免受……”，情态动词should后接动词原形，故填protect；from/against。
4． put on weight
【详解】“增加体重”put on weight，是固定搭配；want to do sth.“想要做某事”，动词不定式to put作宾语。故填put；on；weight。
5． or so
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，大约：or so。故填or；so。
6．huge 7．kill 8．protect 9．population 10．challenge 11．in danger 12．freezing conditions 13．lose one’s home 14．play a part/role in 15．stop/prevent/keep...from doing sth.
【解析】6．“巨大的；极多的”huge，形容词。故填huge。
7．“杀死”kill，动词。故填kill。
8．“保护”protect，动词。故填protect。
9．“人口”population，名词。故填population。
10．“挑战”challenge，名词。故填challenge。
11．“处于危险中”in danger，介词+名词组合。故填in danger。
12．“极冷的条件”freezing conditions，freezing动名词修饰conditions。故填freezing conditions。
13．“失去家园”lose one’s home，one’s用形容词性物主代词，代表某人的。故填lose one’s home。
14．“参与；在……中起作用”play a part in/play a role in，固定短语。故填play a part/role in。
15．“阻止……做某人”stop/prevent/keep...from doing sth.，三种都可以。故填stop/prevent/keep...from doing sth.。
16．catch...for... 17．rules on whale protection 18．stop putting rubbish into the sea 19．water pollution 20．protect...from... 21．in danger
【解析】16．为了……而捕捉……：catch...for...，for是介词，表示目的，故填catch...for...。
17．保护鲸鱼的条例：rules on whale protection，此处的rule“条例”表示泛指，要用复数形式，故填rules on whale protection。
18．阻止往海里倒垃圾：stop putting rubbish into the sea，rubbish是不可数名词，故填stop putting rubbish into the sea。
19．水污染：water pollution，复合名词，故填water pollution。
20．保护……免受……：protect...from...，固定短语，故填protect...from...。
21．处于危险中：in danger，固定短语，故填in danger。
22．D 23．B 24．A 25．C 26．C 27．B 28．B 29．D 30．C 31．C
【导语】本文讲了帝企鹅，并详细地介绍了它的体貌特征、孵化和小企鹅的成长等。
22．句意：然而，在五月，天气变冷，冰覆盖了大片海洋。
changes改变；carries携带；passes通过；covers覆盖。根据前面的“the weather gets colder”可知，天气更冷了，应该是冰覆盖了海洋大部分的面积。故选D。
23．句意：然后所有饥饿的妈妈们必须走回海洋去寻找食物。
fathers爸爸；mothers妈妈；adults成年人；kids孩子。根据第三段的“By August, the mother penguin returns in time to see her baby come out of its egg.”可知，是所有饥饿的母企鹅必须回到海洋寻找食物吃。故选B。
24．句意：这就把保持企鹅蛋温暖的工作留给了企鹅爸爸。
warm暖和的；thin瘦的；heavy重的；cool凉爽的。根据下文“The father penguins put eggs on top of their feet. In this way, they keep the eggs at body temperature for two months.” 可知，是保持蛋的温暖。故选A。
25．句意：这项工作从来都不容易。
already已经；almost几乎；never从不；quite相当。根据下文“but the father penguins stay”可知，这工作从来不是容易的。故选C。
26．句意：大多数动物都去了温暖的地方，但企鹅爸爸留下来了。
give up放弃；clean up打扫；leave for出发前往；ask for寻求。根据上文“By July, it is winter in Antarctica.”可知，冬天到了，南极洲大部分动物都会前往更暖和的地方。故选C。
27．句意：在这段时间内，没有食物，企鹅爸爸可以减掉几乎一半的体重。
hide隐藏；lose丢失，减少；use使用；need需要。根据句中的“without food”可知，没有食物，公企鹅几乎会减少一半的重量。故选B。
28．句意：这可能很难。
easy容易的；difficult困难的；boring无聊的；interesting有趣的。根据下文“If the baby falls, it can freeze（冻住）quickly.”可知，这可能是很困难的。故选B。
29．句意：所以父母必须小心谨慎。
joyful高兴的；excited兴奋的；anxious焦急的；careful小心的。根据上文“If the baby falls, it can freeze（冻住）quickly.”可知，小企鹅掉下来可能会被冻住，因此父母必须要小心。故选D。
30．句意：在接下来的几个月里，企鹅父母轮流去海洋觅食。
water水；exercise运动；food食物；help帮助。根据下文“They each make the trip several times, bringing back something to eat for the baby.”可知，公企鹅和母企鹅都要去海洋里寻找食物，然后带回来给企鹅宝宝吃。故选C。
31．句意：这只小企鹅大约五个月大，可以自己生活了。
days天；weeks周；months月；years年。根据第一段的“in May” 以及最后一段的“By December, winter is ending.”可知，从企鹅产卵到小企鹅长大，经历了几个月，所以小企鹅是5个月大了。故选C。
32．C 33．D 34．E 35．B 36．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了口罩对环境造成的污染，以及如何来解决这个问题。
32．根据“Masks (囗罩) are really important to everybody during the pandemic (疫情)”及“This could become a big environmental problem.”可知，空处前是说口罩在疫情期间很重要，空处后是说口罩带来的环境问题，前后是转折关系，所以空处应介绍与口罩有关的事情，且要引出口罩带来了环境问题。选项C“但是我们不得不在短时间后把它们扔掉”符合语境，故选C。
33．根据“people around the world are now using 129 billion face masks every month”及“What a large number it is!”可知，空处应介绍使用口罩数量有关的内容，选项D“也就是说，我们每分钟要用280万个口罩”符合语境，故选D。
34．根据“disposable (一次性的) masks are plastic products”及“People think that they are a new kind of pollution.”可知，由塑料制成的一次性口罩对环境有污染，选项E“这些使用过的塑料口罩不仅会污染地球，还会污染海洋”符合语境，故选E。
35．根据“But we can’t recycle masks.”可知，空后意思转折，介绍口罩不能回收利用，那么可推断出空处应提到其他的物品可以回收利用，选项B“其他塑料制品则经常被回收利用”符合语境，故选B。
36．根据“Scientists have called for setting up mask-only trash cans (垃圾箱) to deal with mask waste.”可知，空处应是提到科学家对于口罩方面的建议，选项A“他们还建议我们使用更多的可重复使用的棉口罩”符合语境，故选A。
37．B 38．A 39．D 40．D 41．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的面积、地形和温度。
37．细节理解题。根据“It is about 9 600 000 square kilometers in size. This is almost the size of the America or China.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠的面积几乎相当于美国或中国的面积。故选B。
38．词句猜测题。根据“Because of the high temperatures and poor conditions of the desert, only a few plants live here, just about 500 kinds. ”可知，划线部分“they”应指代前面提到的高温和恶劣的条件。故选A。
39．细节理解题。通读全文可知，第一段介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的面积，第二段介绍了它的地形，第三段介绍了它的温度，未提及它的未来。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据“Because of this there are many different cultures and languages in this area.”可知，撒哈拉沙漠拥有丰富的文化和语言。故选D。
41．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的相关内容，故推出我们最有可能在地理书上看到这篇文章。故选C。
42．in 43．less 44．keepers 45．eat 46．because 47．government 48．parks 49．needed 50．protecting 51．we
【导语】本文主要介绍了大熊猫的生活习性，面临的问题，现如今的保护措施以及为了保护大熊猫我们应该做的事情。
42．句意：但它也是处于危险之中的动物之一。根据“So pandas are becoming fewer in number.”可知，熊猫的数量越来越少，可推测此处是它也是处于危险之中的动物之一，in danger表示“处于危险之中”。故填in。
43．句意：如今，世界上只有不到2000只大熊猫。根据“So pandas are becoming fewer in number.”可知，熊猫的数量越来越少，可推测此处是世界上只有不到2000只大熊猫，less than表示“不到”。故填less。
44．句意：饲养员主要用竹子喂养它们，成年大熊猫每天需要吃很多竹子。根据“The...mainly feed them with bamboo,...”可知，喂养大熊猫的人是饲养员，空处需填名词复数，作主语，keepers“（尤指动物园的）饲养员”为名词复数形式。故填keepers。
45．句意：饲养员主要用竹子喂养它们，成年大熊猫每天需要吃很多竹子。根据“...and an adult panda needs to...a lot of bamboo every day.”可知，熊猫吃竹子，need to do sth表示“需要做某事”，不定式to后需填动词原形，eat“吃”，动词。故填eat。
46．句意：然而，由于人类活动，竹林的面积越来越小。根据“However, the area of bamboo forests is becoming smaller and smaller...of human activities.”可知，竹林面积变小，是因为人类的活动范围扩大，because of表示“因为”。故填because。
47．句意：我们的政府制定了帮助熊猫的法律。根据“Our...has made laws to help the pandas.”可知，法律是由政府制定的，空处需填名词单数，government“政府”，名词。故填government。
48．句意：有30多个自然公园来保护熊猫免受其他动物的伤害，但这些还不够。根据“More nature parks and bamboo forests are...so that pandas can have enough places to live in and enough food to eat.”可知，更多的自然公园和竹林，可以让大熊猫有足够的地方生活，有足够的食物吃，可推测此处是有30多个自然公园，空处需填名词复数，parks“公园”为名词复数形式。故填parks。
49．句意：更多的自然公园和竹林被需要，这样大熊猫才能有足够的地方生活，有足够的食物吃。根据“More nature parks and bamboo forests are...so that pandas can have enough places to live in and enough food to eat.”可知，大熊猫有足够的地方生活，有足够的食物吃需要更多的自然公园和竹林，可推测此处是更多的自然公园和竹林被需要，“More nature parks and bamboo forests”与“need”之间为被动关系，语态应为被动，用“are+过去分词”的结构，needed“需要”为动词过去分词。故填needed。
50．句意：此外，每个人都应该在保护熊猫方面发挥作用。根据“Besides, everyone should play a part in...the pandas.”可知，每个人都应该保护大熊猫，可推测此处是每个人都应该在保护熊猫方面发挥作用，play a part in doing sth表示“在……中发挥作用”，空处需填动名词，protecting“保护”为动名词。故填protecting。
51．句意：毕竟，我们与它们共享同一个世界。根据“...share the same world with them.”可知，我们和大熊猫生活在同一个世界，句子缺少主语，时态为一般现在时，且share为动词原形，空处需填人称代词主格（复数），we“我们”第一人称代词主格复数。故填we。
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