Unit 10 第3课时Section B 1a-2e（分层作业）2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 10 第3课时Section B 1a-2e
一、翻译
将下列短语翻译成英语
1．数百万的
2．寻找
3．依据；按照
4．依……看
5．二十世纪中期
6．到目前为止
二、选词填空
根据句子意思，从方框中选用恰当的词或短语填空。
depend on, especially, used to, tired out, training plans
7．After jogging in the forest for a long time, I was and had a good rest under a tree.
8．I wasn’t worried about the situation. I knew I could you.
9．—Do you have any for the school sports meeting
—Of course. I will run in the park every morning.
10．Smoking is bad for our health, for the children’s health.
11．Mr. Black live in a very cold place, but now he is used to the hot weather in Hainan.
三、单词拼写
12． the report, China may become the world’s largest 5G market by 2025. (依据)
13．Why not (考虑) doing it in another way Maybe you’ll succeed.
14．Xinjiang is famous for fruit, (尤其) grapes and watermelons.
15．At that time, people (视为) her as one of the greatest astronauts in the world.
16．Throw away something you don’t want, (特别) those you don’t need any more.
17．Fishing is one of the most popular activities (在……之中) people.
18．My hometown (拥有，抓住) all my best childhood memories and I love it.
19．Chinese family members like to get together, e during the Spring Festival.
20．There is a big tree o our school, and it has been there for hundreds of years.
21．The old woman is kind to the homeless child. She r him as her son.
四、单项选择
22．There are lots of children playing in the park, ________ in spring and summer.
A．certainly B．really C．nearly D．especially
23．Mary always does well in her lessons. She works the hardest ________ all the students.
A．between B．during C．among D．through
24．—I’ve no idea where to go on a vacation next month.
—Why not ________ visiting Beijing There’re so many places of interest here.
A．regard B．wonder C．consider D．think
25．—Look! The snow is getting heavier and heavier.
—The children must be happy, but it can ________ traffic accidents easily.
A．avoid B．cause C．push D．search
五、完形填空
One day, an old man said to a very smart woman, “My family live in a small house. I clear out some things in it every day, 26 it′s still crowded and noisy. I almost can′t stand it!” The woman said, “Take this sheep to your house to live with you for a few days.” To be 27 , the advice sounded crazy and the old man was surprised. But he finally 28 to do it.
Two days later, the old man went back. “It′s a shame that the sheep always 29 us with its head and knocks the dishes off the shelves. I don′t think it could be any worse!” he said. The woman gave him a 30 to take to his house.
Two days later, the old man went back again. “The sheep makes my house terrible. Now the cow eats our clothes. The house is in a 31 ! I don′t think it could be any worse!” The woman gave him a duck which was 32 her five ducks and six chickens.
Two days later, the old man went back and said, “Things have become 33 than ever! Besides the sheep and the cow, the duck makes the floor dirty.”
The woman said, “You′re right. Go home and take the animals out of your house. You′ll find the answer.”
The next day, the old man came and said, “You have made life 34 for me. My house isn′t big, but now all the animals have gone and I 35 a quiet and clean house!”
26．A．so B．but C．if D．until
27．A．brave B．strange C．honest D．truthful
28．A．disagreed B．wished C．waited D．agreed
29．A．reports B．hits C．understands D．cheers
30．A．cow B．duck C．horse D．fox
31．A．situation B．sign C．mess D．difficulty
32．A．during B．between C．against D．among
33．A．worse B．quieter C．better D．cleaner
34．A．serious B．busy C．sweet D．bad
35．A．live B．own C．buy D．sell
六、阅读理解
Do you live in a big city I do. Every day, the streets are noisy with the activity of millions of people, each of them living in their own way. It seems that people from every corner(角落) of the planet live here. And every single person has his own personal story.
However, people here often feel quite lonely. It′s so strange that you get together with other people at every moment, but you still feel like you′re the only person on the planet. You can walk through a crowd and feel like you′re flying alone in space. Even the busiest shopping center can feel like a foreign planet.
There are many ways to deal with this feeling—but perhaps the best way is to depend on your friends. When I′m feeling lonely or sad, the first thing I do is to pick up my phone and text a friend. All of us are busy with work and our own matters, but my closest friends always take the time to reply. In a world where feelings of loneliness can come so easily, friends are the best antidote to these feelings. I′ve got through some of the hardest times in my life with the help of my friends.
Take time to develop your own friendships. You never know when you will need someone to lift you up.
36．From Paragraph 1, we know that the writer lives in a ___________.
A．noisy town B．big city
C．peaceful village D．strange country
37．What problem is discussed in the text
A．Noise from the busy street. B．A foreign planet.
C．The loneliness of living in cities. D．The difficulty of making friends.
38．According to the writer, the best way to deal with his problem is to ___________.
A．have good friends B．talk with parents
C．keep a pet dog D．go shopping
39．What does the underlined word “antidote” mean in the text
A．证据 B．承诺 C．借口 D．解药
40．From the text, we can know that ___________.
A．loneliness is bad for our health B．friends can be helpful to us
C．most people like living in big cities D．the population becomes smaller
七、阅读还原
Alzheimer’s patients（阿尔茨海默氏症患者）forget many things in their lives. 41
It seems that no company wants to hire（雇佣） these patients and society has “forgotten” about them. However, a restaurant in Shanghai invites these patients to work there. 42
In this restaurant, six of the waiters and waitresses have Alzheimer’s disease. Every day before work, a group of volunteers retrain them on how to take orders and serve the dishes. 43
In this way, these waiters and waitresses can remember the orders more easily.
These people may work more slowly than other servers, but they always try to do their best. “ 44 And the customers are very nice and tolerant（宽容的）”, said one of them. “I’m happy and confident here!”
Working at this restaurant provides these patients with a good chance to connect with society. This can help to slow the worsening of their disease. But most Alzheimer’s patients don’t have that chance. 45 This disease may make people forget, but let’s help them to remember with love!
A．The volunteers take good care of us.
B．Some of them can’t even look after themselves.
C．And it has a beautiful name: Forget Me Not Cafe.
D．This restaurant hopes to bring more attention to this group.
E．The volunteers also mark the name of each dish with a number.
参考答案
题号 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
答案 D C C B B C D B A C
题号 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
答案 D A C B B C A D B B
题号 42 43 44 45
答案 C E A D
1．millions of 2．look for 3．according to 4．in one’s opinion 5．in the mid-twentieth century 6．so far
【分析】1．数百万的：millions of，固定短语，表示概数，故填millions of。
2．寻找：look for，固定短语，故填look for。
3．依据：according to，固定短语，故填according to。
4．依……看：in one’s opinion，固定短语，故填in one’s opinion。
5．英语中“世纪”的表达用序数词，mid“中间的”，故填in the mid-twentieth century。
6．到目前为止：so far，固定短语，故填so far。
7．tired out 8．depend on 9．training plans 10．especially 11．used to
【解析】7．句意：在森林里慢跑了很长一段时间后，我累了，在树下好好休息了一下。根据“had a good rest”可知，我“累了”。tired out“精疲力竭的”，固定搭配。故填tired out。
8．句意：我并不担心这种情况。我就知道你靠得住。根据“I wasn’t worried about the situation.”可知，此处表达我能“依靠”你。depend on“依靠”，固定搭配。故填depend on。
9．句意：——你对校运动会有什么训练计划吗？——当然。我每天早上都会在公园跑步。根据“for the school sports meeting”可知，此处表达对校运动会有没有“训练计划”。故填training plans。
10．句意：吸烟对我们的健康有害，尤其是对孩子们的健康。根据“Smoking is bad for our health, … for the children’s health.”可知，吸烟对我们的健康有害，“尤其”是对孩子们的健康。故填especially。
11．句意：布莱克先生过去住在一个很冷的地方，但现在他习惯了海南炎热的天气。根据“but now”可知，空处表达布莱克先生“过去”住在一个很冷的地方。used to“过去经常”，固定搭配。故填used to。
12．According to
【详解】句意：据报道，到2025年，中国可能成为全球最大的5G市场。according to“依据”，介词短语，位于句首要大写首字母。故填According to。
13．consider
【详解】句意：为什么不考虑用另一种方法做呢？也许你会成功。consider“考虑”，动词；why not do sth.“为什么不做某事”，动词用原形。故填consider。
14．especially
【详解】句意：新疆以水果闻名尤其是葡萄和西瓜。根据“Xinjiang is famous for fruit”和汉语提示可知，新疆以水果闻名，后边作进一步说明，尤其是葡萄和西瓜，副词especially“尤其”符合句意。故填especially。
15．were regarding/regarded
【详解】句意：那时，人们认为她是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。视为：regard，根据时间状语“At that time”可知，句子时态用过去进行时，谓语动词构成是was/were doing，主语是people，be动词用were，regard用现在分词形式regarding。句子也可用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填were regarding/regarded。
16．especially
【详解】句意：扔掉你不想要的东西，特别是那些你不再需要的东西。空格前为完整的句子结构，空后为指示代词those加定语从句，结合句意可知空处用于强调后面的内容，表达“特别、尤其”之意，副词especially符合语境。故填especially。
17．among
【详解】句意：钓鱼是人们最喜欢的活动之一。根据“people”以及汉语提示可知，此处应填among“在……之中”，指三者或三者以上的同类事物之间。故填among。
18．holds
【详解】句意：我的家乡拥有我所有最美好的童年记忆，我爱它。hold“拥有，抓住”，结合“love”，可知此处时态为一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数My hometown，动词用三单形式。故填holds。
19．(e)specially
【详解】句意：中国家庭成员通常喜欢聚在一起，尤其是在春节期间。根据“Chinese family members like to get together, e...during the Spring Festival.”可知，尤其在春节期间喜欢聚在一起，especially“尤其”符合语境，故填(e)specially。
20．(o)pposite
【详解】句意：我们学校对面有一棵大树，它在那里已经有几百年了。此处是表示大树和学校的方位，结合首字母可知，应用介词opposite“在……对面”。故填(o)pposite。
21．(r)egards
【详解】句意：这位老太太对这个无家可归的孩子非常好。她把他看作是她的儿子。根据“The old woman is kind to the homeless child.”可知，她对这个无家可归的孩子非常好，因此把他看作是她的儿子，regard…as…“把……看作是……”，根据“is”可知，此处是一般现在时，主语she是第三人称单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填(r)egards。
22．D
【详解】句意：公园里有很多孩子在玩，尤其是在春天和夏天。
考查副词辨析。certainly无疑；really真地；nearly几乎；especially尤其。根据语境可知，尤其在春天和夏天时公园里的孩子很多，故此处应用副词especially表强调。故选D。
23．C
【详解】句意：玛丽上课总是做得很好。她在所有学生中学习最努力。
考查介词辨析。between在……之间，指两者之间；during在……期间；among在……之中，指三者或三者以上；through通过。根据“all the students”可知，此处是指在多个学生之中。故选C。
24．C
【详解】句意：——我不知道下个月去哪里度假。——为什么不考虑一下去北京？那里很多名胜古迹。
考查动词辨析。regard对待；wonder好奇；consider考虑；think想。根据“Why not”可知此处是表示建议，建议对方可以考虑下去北京玩，consider“考虑”符合语境。故选B。
25．B
【详解】句意：——看！雪越来越大了。 ——孩子们一定很高兴，但这很容易引起交通事故。
考查动词词义辨析。avoid避免；cause造成；push推；search搜索。根据“traffic accidents”可知，引起交通事故，故选B。
26．B 27．C 28．D 29．B 30．A 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．B
【分析】本文讲述了一位老人向一位聪明的妇女抱怨他的房子总是太乱了。这位妇女给他一些动物放在他的房子里，他发现房子里太乱了。后来，这位妇女把这些动物都从他的房子里带走了，他发现自己拥有一个安静、安静的房子。
26．句意：我每天清理一些东西，但它仍然拥挤嘈杂。
so所以；but但是；if如果；until直到。结合句意，前一句表示老人每天清理房子里的一些东西，后半句表示它仍然拥挤嘈杂，前后表示转折关系，用连词but，故选B。
27．句意：说实话，这个建议听起来很疯狂，老人很吃惊。
brave勇敢的；strange奇怪的；honest诚实的；truthful真实的。to be honest说实话，故选C。
28．句意：但是他最后同意这么做。
disagreed不同意；wished希望；waited等待；agreed同意。连词but前后表示转折关系，but前表示这个建议听起来很疯狂，这位老人感到吃惊，but后表示他最后还是同意这么做。故选D。
29．句意：真遗憾，羊总是用头撞我们，而且把盘子从架子上撞下来。
reports报道；hits撞击；understands理解；cheers喝彩。根据“knocks the dishes off the shelves”可知，盘子从架子上撞下来，这是羊做的事，因此表示它用头撞击我们，故选B。
30．句意：女人给了他一头牛，让他带回家。
cow牛；duck鸭子；horse马；fox狐狸。根据后文的“Now the cow eats our clothes.”可知，此处表示给了他一头牛，故选A。
31．句意：房子里乱七八糟。
situation形势；sign牌子；mess混乱；difficulty困难。根据前文的“The sheep makes my house terrible. Now the cow eats our clothes.”可知，绵羊把老人的房子弄得一团糟，牛吃了他们的衣服，因此房子里非常乱，in a mess乱七八糟，故选C。
32．句意：那位妇女把她的五只鸭子和六只鸡中的一只鸭子给了他。
during在……期间；between在两者之间；against反对；among在三者或三者以上的人或事物之间。根据“her five ducks and six chickens”可知，此处表示五只鸭子和六只鸡中的一只，因此用介词among，故选D。
33．句意：事情比以前更糟了！
worse更糟糕的；quieter更安静的；better更好的；cleaner更干净的。根据前文的“I don′t think it could be any worse!”可知，事情变得更糟了，故选A。
34．句意：你让我的生活变得甜蜜了。
serious严肃的；busy忙碌的；sweet甜的，甜蜜的；bad坏的。根据“I…a quiet and clean house!”可知，老人拥有一个安静、干净的房子，因此表示老人的生活非常甜蜜，故选C。
35．句意：我拥有一个安静、干净的房子。
live居住；own拥有；buy买；sell卖。根据“My house isn′t big, but now all the animals have gone”可知，所有的动物都从老人的房子里离开了，现在老人拥有一个安静的房子，故选B。
36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 40．B
【解析】这是一篇议论文，主要讲述住在大城市容易感到孤独，感觉孤独时最好的方式是依赖我们的朋友，朋友能帮我们摆脱这种感受。
36．细节理解题。根据第一段“Do you live in a big city I do.”可知作者住在一个大城市，故选B。
37．细节理解题。根据第二段“However, people here often feel quite lonely.”可知作者在第二段进行转折，开始谈论孤独的问题。故文章讨论的是“住在大城市的孤独”。故选C。
38．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I′m feeling lonely or sad, the first thing I do is to pick up my phone and text a friend.”可知处理作者问题的最好方式是有好朋友。故选A。
39．词义猜测题。分析划线所在句子“friends are the best antidote to these feelings.”可知“these feelings”是指孤独的感受，结合下文“I′ve got through some of the hardest times in my life with the help of my friends.”可知朋友是这些孤独感受的“解药”。故选D。
40．细节理解题。根据最后一段“You never know when you will need someone to lift you up.”可知朋友会在某些时候帮到我们，即朋友对我们是有帮助的。故选B。
41．B 42．C 43．E 44．A 45．D
【导语】本文介绍了上海的一家餐馆给一群阿尔茨海默氏症患者提供了工作机会，在餐馆里这些病人得到了客人和志愿者们的照顾，他们也在工作中找到了和社会的连接与自身的价值。
41．根据Alzheimer’s patients（阿尔茨海默氏症患者）forget many things in their lives.可知，阿尔茨海默氏症患者经常忘记很多事，选项B“他们当中的一些甚至不能照顾自己”，进一步说明阿尔茨海默氏症患者的症状。故选B。
42．根据However, a restaurant in Shanghai invites these patients to work there.可知，上海的一家餐馆邀请这些病人去那里工作，选项C“饭馆还有一个漂亮的名字：勿忘我餐馆”，这是对上海邀请这些病人去工作的饭馆的一个进一步补充。故选C。
43．根据Every day before work, a group of volunteers retrain them on how to take orders and serve the dishes. 可知，每天工作前，一群志愿者们再次培训他们如何点菜和上菜，选项E“志愿者们也给每个菜品标上数字”，这是进一步说明志愿者们做了哪些工作。故选E。
44．根据And the customers are very nice and tolerant. 可知，顾客很善良也很宽容的，选项A“志愿者们也很好地照顾我们”，说明不同的人对这些病人的照顾和关爱。故选A。
45．根据Working at this restaurant provides these patients with a good chance to connect with society.可知，在这个餐馆工作给这些病人们提供了和社会不脱节的好的机会，选项D“餐馆也是希望给这些群体带去更多的关注”，这都是在解释这个餐馆所带给他们的好处。故选D。
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