2025届高三英语二轮复习：基于语篇分析的七选五题型解题策略课件(共47张PPT)

(共47张PPT)
基于语篇结构
分析七选五题型
解题技巧
03
Practice
真题演练
01
Introduction
考情介绍
02
Strategies
解题策略
04
Conclusion
技巧总结
目录
Contents
After this lesson, you will be able to:
1. Analyze the discourse of Gap-filling;
2. Explore methods and identify logical connection by analyzing the context on Gap-filling;
3.With problem-solving strategies, apply the skills to exercises in class.
Learning Objectives
01
Introduction
考情介绍
题型解读：
试题模式：给出一篇约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。多以说明文为主。
考查重点：主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻
辑意义的理解和掌握。
根据设空处在文中的位置可分为三类题型：
（1）段首题：所挖句子为主旨句或过渡句；
（2）段尾题：所挖句子为总结句、过渡句或细节句；
（3）段中题：所挖句子为细节句或过渡句，一般考查上下文的逻辑关系，以并列、递进、转折、让步、例证等关系居多。
近五年高考真题七选五考点情况
年份 卷别 体裁 类别 主题 段首 段中 段尾
2024 新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典的心得 1 4 0
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 如何避免过度性旅游 1 3 1
2023 新课标I卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1
2022 新课标I卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章好修改技巧 1 4 0
2021 新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 巴黎一周生活经历 1 4 0
新课标II卷 说明文 人与社会 提高阅读速度建议 1 2 2
2020 新课标I卷 记叙文 人与社会 公开演讲的一些原则 1 3 1
How to get full marks
02
Strategies
解题策略
七选五阅读
主题语境
人与自我
人与社会
人与自然
通常五六段，有时三四段
语篇类型
说明文(常考)
记叙文/议论文(偶尔考)
语篇结构
有大小标题
无大有小标题
有大无小小标题
大小都无标题
总——分(——总)结构
一、语篇结构
1、设空在段首
遵循结构一致原则
名词短语或祈使句
承上启下
2、设空在段中
3、设空在段尾
Stragety 2:运用语篇结构
Strategy 1:
Scan quickly and divide the passage to get the main idea.
(快速浏览、划分篇章，把握大意)
Overtourism Is For Real: How Can You Help
①Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities, but the rapid growth of travel has led to overtourism in certain regions and destinations. 36 Certainly not. The loss of what travel offers would be unacceptable in today's world. Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
②●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they're special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it's easy to feel like you're missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 37
③●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it's actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. 38 Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination's lesser-known sights
④● 39 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You'll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
⑤Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege（荣幸）. Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 40 You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.
文章结构：________
总—分—总
Strategy 1:划分文章--大小标题都有
【2024 新高考II卷】
How to Keep a Pet Bird Quiet
①Birds can be excellent companions, but they can also make a lot of noise. Sometimes that noise is unavoidable, but there are a few steps you can take to train your bird out of loud or continuous squawking（尖叫）.
②36 Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening. Some birds are more likely to make noise than others, but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
③Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. 37 It's often easier to teach them soft-spoken words compared to other types of sounds, Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird. 38 Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to discourage.
④Avoid quick movements. It's possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird, causing him to feel anxious or over-stimulated. 39 If you have children living at home, teach them not to run through the room your bird is in.
⑤Provide your bird with comfort and security. Birds in the wild participate in "flock calls" as a way of communicating with other birds and ensuring the safety of the flock. If your bird is likely to squawk when you leave the room, it could be his attempt at sending you a flock call. 40
Strategy 1:划分文章--大小标题都有
【2024年10月浙江强基高三联考】
文章结构：______
总—分
找段落中心句
①Hobbies are more than just a fun way to kill the time. A widespread and harmful misunderstanding is that engaging in hobbies mirrors a lack of self-discipline. 36 In fact, hobbies can provide essential balance in our lives and enhance overall well-being. The benefits you obtain will depend on your hobby--taking up jogging, for instance, will benefit your cardiovascular(心血管的) health more than, say, crossword puzzles, which may improve your cognitive health. The point is that nearly all hobbies can provide measurable positive health benefits.
②If we regularly spend time on hobbies, we usually enjoy a higher level of fitness. 37 A 2023 comprehensive analysis of multiple studies found strong evidence that engaging in leisure activities can improve health by protecting against heart disease and age-related physical decline. The report, published in the journal Lancet Psychiatry, found that for people who were suffering from a chronic(慢性的) illness, doing a hobby helped them manage their symptoms and even slowed the progression of their illness. But another of the researchers’ findings is perhaps the most striking: the strong relationship between doing leisure activities and increased longevity(长寿). 38 It found that older adults have a19% lower risk of disease-related death when they engage in regular leisure activities.
③ 39 They are vital to sustaining our mental health. People who made a conscious effort each day to spend time doing hobbies (no matter what they were) showed an average boost of 8% in well-being and a 10% drop in stress and anxiety, according to a 2023 study published in the Journal of Personality. “On a fundamental level, humans need meaning, something that gives them a sense of purpose, 40 ” says Dr. Hafeez, who has led several massive studies on hobbies, “Engaging in what you enjoy greatly enhances your well-being."
④With all these visible benefits of hobbies, why not just make time for activities that bring you joy and fulfillment every day
Strategy 1:--大小标题都无
【 2024年12月高三T8重点中学联合测评】
找段落中心句
文章结构：________
总—分—总
①Not all great writers are great spellers. If you want to be published, it's vital to submit a perfect, professionally presented manuscript (原稿). ____36____ No editor is likely to tolerate a writer who does not take the trouble to spell words correctly.
②I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus (同义词词典). I don't trust my laptop's spellchecker. ____37____ Of course, these days there are plenty of online dictionaries and thesauruses, but I'm old-fashioned enough to prefer a hard cover and pages I can leaf through with my fingers. I use the Concise Oxford Dictionary and the Collins Thesaurus.
③____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
④In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. ____39____ However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.
⑤For well over a hundred years the most influential English dictionary was Samuel Johnson's Dictionary of the English Language published in 1755. "To make dictionaries is dull (乏味) work," wrote Johnson, illustrating one definition of "dull". ____40____ A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
Strategy 1:--大小标题都无
【 2024年新高考I卷】
找段落中心句
文章结构：________
总—分—总
1、设空在段首
遵循结构一致原则
名词短语或祈使句
承上启下
●Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they're special.
●Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. ....
● 39 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You'll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
A. Visit during off-peak times.
B. So, should we stop traveling
C. Travel for you and no one else.
D. Can overtourism be avoided then
E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places.
F. You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.
G. Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting.
1、设空在段首
【2024 新高考II卷】
Step 1: 分析篇章结构
Step 2: 划关键词
关键词：
1.the same words相同词
2.synonym 近义词
3.antonym 反义词
4.words of the same root同根词
5.words of the same range同畴词
6.pronoun 代词
hard, difficult, challege
change, transformation
happy happily happiness
drink coffee tea juice
it,this,that,they,these....
A
√
② 36 Most birds tend to make some noise, either by singing or squawking. Birds tend to be most vocal during waking hours in the morning and before going to sleep in the evening... but understand before bringing a bird home that some noise will be unavoidable.
③Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. .....
④Avoid quick movements. It's possible that you or someone in your household is moving too quickly around your bird, ........
A. Understand bird behavior.
B. Train your bird to be quiet.
C. This may be especially useful for parrots.
D. Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E. Try squawking back to let him know that you're safe.
F. Do not raise your voice in response to your bird's volume or tone.
G. Move slowly around your bird, and encourage others to do the same.
1、设空在段首
【2024年10月浙江强基高三联考】
Step 1: 分析篇章结构
Step 2: 划关键词
关键词：
1.the same words相同词
2.synonym 近义词
3.antonym 反义词
4.words of the same root同根词
5.words of the same range同畴词
6.pronoun 代词
Step 3: 原文和选项比对
A
√
Stragety 2:运用语篇结构
Strategy 2:
Circle Key words （圈关键词）
1.the same words相同词
2.synonym 近义词
3.antonym 反义词
4.words of the same root同根词
5.words of the same range同畴词
6.pronoun 代词
1. Sometimes kids are glad to hear a “no” from their parents. ___
A. There are two types of parents love.
B. It seems a happy feeling to get out of parents’ control.
√
synonym近义词
Strategy 2: Circle Key words 圈关键词
2.When we change our jobs or schools, it often leaves us without a friend. ________ But for many of us the process is difficult and requires courage.
A. Making new friends comes easy for some people.
B. For a friendship to develop you need to stay in touch.
√
antonym 反义词
transition转折关系
Strategy 2: Circle Key words 圈关键词
3. Making a trip to the kitchen could be a fun way to spend an afternoon indoors! _____ Cooking will give you a lot of opportunities to work on something.
A. It would stay as a memory of the activity.
B. Everybody in the family could gather and cook
√
words of the same root同根词
Strategy 2: Circle Key words 圈关键词
4. Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _______In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery.
F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
√
pronoun代 词
Strategy 2: Circle Key words 圈关键词
5. Doing some exercises in the day should help you feel tired . _______ However, coffee or tea should be avoided as they contain caffeine and will keep you awake.
A. A bedtime drink can also help
B. Having a good sleep will keep you lively the whole day.
√
words of the same range 同畴词
transition转折关系
parallel 并列关系
The same word相同词
Strategy 2: Circle Key words 圈关键词
6. Color is fundamental in home design…Do you want a room that's full of life？ Professional Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？_______， color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you're looking for
C. If you're experimenting with a color
√
The same words相同词
Strategy 2: Circle Key words 圈关键词
2、设空在段中
学生分析
只看关键词，没有分析上下文的逻辑关系
对大部分考生来说，比阅读理解要难，需要重视
可以通过掌握做题技巧提升解题能力
Stragety 2:运用语篇结构
Strategy 3:
Find out logical relations (挖掘逻辑关系)
1. To know the logic.
认识逻辑
2. To feel the logic.
感受逻辑
3. To practice the logic.
练习逻辑
4. To use the logic.
运用逻辑
Strategy 3: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
Tom saw a bird. The bird was wounded. He took the bird to the zoo. The workers in the zoo praised him. He arrived home late. He was happy.
Tom saw a wounded bird, so he took it to the zoo. The workers in the zoo praised him. Though he came home late, he was happy.
On the way home, Tom, our monitor, saw a wounded bird that seemed to be dying. Without the slightest hesitation, he took the bird to the zoo near by as soon as possible. Having known what had happened, all the workers in the zoo praised Tom for his deep love for birds. Tom didn't go home until the bird was saved and treated properly in the zoo. It was very late when he arrived home, but he was happy indeed.
cause and effect
因果关系
explanation
解释关系
parallel and progressive
并列/递进关系
transition
转折关系
Q&A
问答关系
reference
指代关系
Strategy 3: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
7._____ However, the real movie capital is Mumbai(孟买市), in India.
A. Sometimes they even write the script by hand.
B. Most people think that the capital of the movie world is Hollywood, in the USA.
transition 转折关系
√
Strategy 3: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
8._____ This is because some people possess certain qualities, which others do not.
A. Some people succeed, while others may not
B. As the famous saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”
cause and effect因果关系
√
Strategy 2: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
9.____ In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to see anything bad about that person.
Another proverb says “Love is blind.”
Proverbs are found in most cultures and are often very old.
explanation解释关系
√
Strategy 3: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
10. We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. (2019para1）
B. So what are you waiting for
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said
√
注意疑问句。如果选项中或空格前出现疑问句，一定要注意，因为不同疑问句，回答方式是不一样的.
Q&A 问答关系
Q&A 问答关系
Strategy 2: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
11.Taking good notes is a time saving skill that will help you to become a better student in several ways.__________ Second, your notes are excellent materials to refer to when you are studying for a test.
A. You must write your notes on separate paper.
B. First, the simple act of writing something down makes it easier for you to understand and remember.
√
Parallel 并列关系
Strategy 3: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
12.But another of the researcher`s finding is perhaps the most striking: the strong relationship between doing leisure activities and increases longevity(长寿). 38 It found that older adults have a 19% lower risk of disease-related death when they engage in regular leisure activities.
E. The more you engage in hobbies, the longer you will live.
F. A different study conducted last year confirmed the impact.
√
Reference 指代关系
Strategy 3: Find out logical relations 挖掘逻辑关系
③Teach your bird to speak softly. Praise your bird when he whistles or whispers, instead of squawking or yelling. 37 It's often easier to teach them soft-spoken words compared to other types of sounds, Furthermore, it's important to maintain a calm and gentle tone when interacting with your bird. 38 Because this could strengthen the behavior you are trying to discourage.
A. Understand bird behavior.
B. Train your bird to be quiet.
C. This may be especially useful for parrots.
D. Give him a treat for quietness to earn your love.
E. Try squawking back to let him know that you're safe.
F. Do not raise your voice in response to your bird's volume or tone.
G. Move slowly around your bird, and encourage others to do the same.
2、设空在段中--
【2024年10月浙江强基高三联考】
F
C
Reference 指代关系
cause and effect因果关系
words of the same range
同畴词
Step 1: 分析篇章结构
Step 2: 圈关键词
Step 3: 找逻辑词
Step 4: 选项和原文比对
3、设空在段尾
How Playing Sports Benefits Your Body and Your Brain
①Many people love to celebrate victory on the playing field, cheer for their favorite teams, and play sports. But here’s a question: Should we be so addicted to sports Is playing sports actually as good for us as we make it out to be, or just a fun and entertaining pastime 36 .
②First of all, exercising, especially when we’re young, has all sorts of health... benefits. ... ...
A. What does science have to say
B. Therefore, you’ll get a lot of fun.
C. They can lead to feelings of excitement.
D. And if you do, there are so many benefits.
E. And then there is learning through failure.
F. Should we get much benefit from going to the gym
G. Meanwhile, your self-esteem (自尊) and confidence can get a big boost.
3、设空在段末
【2024年南京六校10月联合考试】
A
Q&A 问答关系
Parallel 并列关系
注意疑问句。如果选项中或空格前出现疑问句，一定要注意，因为不同疑问句，回答方式是不一样的.
Step 1: 分析篇章结构
Step 2: 圈关键词
Step 3: 找逻辑词
Step 4: 选项和原文比对
完成2024年高三10月九省联考质量检测卷
03
Practice
真题演练
请完成学案上的真题和模拟题
2024年新高考II卷
2024年新高考I卷
2024年浙江省9+1月高中联盟高三年级期中考试
2025年1月八省联考
Conclusion
Strategy 1:
Scan quickly and divide the passage to get the main idea.
(快速浏览、划分篇章，把握大意)
Strategy 2: Circle Key words (圈关键词)
Strategy 3: Find out logical relations (挖掘逻辑关系)
做题步骤：
Step 1: 分析篇章结构
Step 2: 圈关键词
Step 3: 找逻辑词
Step 4: 选项和原文比对
Thank you !