Unit 1 How can we become good learners？单元语法学案 （含解析） 人教版九年级全册

九年级英语Unit 1 “How can we become good learners？”单元语法
一、语法知识聚焦
（一）“How”引导的特殊疑问句用于询问学习方式
在“Unit 1 How can we become good learners？”中，“How”引导的特殊疑问句是询问学习方法和途径的关键句型。“How”本身具有“如何、怎样”的含义，在本单元的语境下，聚焦于“如何成为优秀学习者”这一核心问题，引导学生探索多样的学习方式。
1. 基础句型结构：“How + 助动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？”是这类特殊疑问句的基本结构。例如，“How can we remember new words？（我们怎样才能记住新单词？）”，此句中“can”作为情态动词，表达能力或可能性，“remember new words”是具体的学习行为。在实际学习场景里，学生们常常会面临记忆单词的难题，这样的问句能够引导他们思考有效的记忆方法。又比如，“How do you study for a test？（你如何为考试而学习？）”，“do”作为助动词，用于一般现在时，“study for a test”描述了为考试做准备的学习活动。学生在备考过程中，需要不同的学习策略，这个问句促使他们去总结自己的学习方式。
2. 结合具体学习内容的运用：在讨论阅读技巧时，“How can we improve our reading speed？（我们怎样才能提高阅读速度？）”，这是学生在学习英语阅读过程中经常遇到的问题。通过提出这样的疑问，学生可以探索诸如略读、扫读等阅读技巧，找到适合自己提高阅读速度的方法。在口语学习方面，“How do you practice speaking English？（你如何练习说英语？）”，针对口语练习，学生可以思考参加英语角、与外教交流、模仿英语电影台词等练习方式。这种结合具体学习内容的问句，能够让学生有针对性地探讨学习方法，提高学习效率。
（二）“by doing sth.”结构表达学习方式与手段
“by doing sth.”结构在本单元用于明确具体的学习方式和手段，与“How”引导的特殊疑问句紧密相关，是回答学习方式问题的常用表达。“by”作为介词，有“通过、凭借”的意思，后面接动词的 -ing形式，表示通过执行某种行为来实现某个目标。
1. 常见学习场景应用：在词汇学习中，“I learn new words by making word cards.（我通过制作单词卡片来学习新单词）” ，制作单词卡片是一种具体的学习行为，通过这种方式可以帮助记忆单词的拼写、发音和释义。许多学生发现制作单词卡片并随时复习，能够加深对单词的印象，提高词汇量。在听力训练方面，“He improves his listening skills by listening to English podcasts.（他通过听英语播客来提高听力技巧）”，听英语播客为学生提供了真实的语言环境，有助于提升听力理解能力。学生可以选择适合自己水平的播客内容，反复听并尝试理解其中的信息，从而逐渐提高听力水平。
2. 多种学习方式的组合运用：学习往往不是单一方式就能达到良好效果的，“by doing sth.”结构可以体现多种学习方式的结合。例如，“We can improve our English by reading English books, watching English movies and joining English clubs.（我们可以通过读英语书、看英语电影和参加英语俱乐部来提高我们的英语水平）”。读英语书可以增加词汇量、提高阅读理解能力；看英语电影能提升听力和口语表达能力；参加英语俱乐部则为学生创造了与他人用英语交流的机会，锻炼口语交流能力。多种学习方式相互补充，能更全面地提升学习效果。这种组合运用还可以根据不同学生的学习特点和需求进行调整，如有的学生对写作比较薄弱，可以增加“by writing English diaries（通过写英语日记）”的方式来提高写作能力。
（三）“How”与“by doing sth.”的问答逻辑及拓展
1. 问答逻辑关系：在实际交流中，“How”引导的特殊疑问句询问学习方式，“by doing sth.”结构用于回答。例如，问：“How can I become a better writer？（我怎样才能成为一名更好的作家？）”，答：“You can become a better writer by reading a lot of good books and practicing writing regularly.（你可以通过阅读大量好书并定期练习写作来成为一名更好的作家）”。这种问答逻辑清晰地展示了从提出问题到寻找解决方案的过程。学生在学习过程中，通过不断提出关于学习方式的问题，并尝试用“by doing sth.”结构找到答案，能够逐渐形成自己的学习策略。
2. 拓展延伸：在回答中，“by doing sth.”结构可以进一步拓展，加入更多细节描述。如回答上述问题时，可以说：“You can become a better writer by reading a lot of good books, especially those written by famous authors. Analyze their writing styles, sentence structures and the use of words. Also, practice writing regularly, such as writing a short story or an essay once a week, and ask your teacher or classmates for feedback.（你可以通过阅读大量好书，尤其是著名作家写的书来成为一名更好的作家。分析他们的写作风格、句子结构和用词。此外，定期练习写作，比如每周写一篇小故事或一篇文章，并向老师或同学寻求反馈）” 。这样的拓展使回答更加丰富和具体，为学习者提供了更具操作性的学习建议。同时，在交流学习经验时，还可以针对不同学习方式的效果进行讨论。例如，对于“by reading aloud（通过大声朗读）”这种学习英语的方式，可以讨论它对发音、语感和记忆单词的积极影响，以及在实际操作中可能遇到的问题和解决方法。
（四）“by doing sth.”结构在不同时态中的变化与意义
1. 一般现在时中的运用：在一般现在时中，“by doing sth.”结构表示经常性、习惯性的学习方式。例如，“I usually review my lessons by making mind maps.（我通常通过制作思维导图来复习功课）”，这里的“usually”表明制作思维导图是一种经常采用的复习方式，强调这种学习行为的习惯性。在日常学习中，学生们会形成一些固定的学习习惯，“by doing sth.”结构能够准确地描述这些习惯。
2. 现在进行时中的运用：现在进行时中使用“by doing sth.”结构，表示当前正在通过某种方式进行学习。例如，“I'm improving my speaking skills by having an English conversation with my friend now.（我现在正在通过和朋友进行英语对话来提高我的口语技巧）”，“now”这个时间状语明确了动作正在进行。在学习过程中，有时候学生需要专注于当下的学习活动，用现在进行时结合“by doing sth.”结构可以生动地描述他们正在进行的学习方式。
3. 现在完成时中的运用：现在完成时中“by doing sth.”结构强调通过某种学习方式已经取得的成果。例如，“I have made great progress in math by doing a lot of exercises.（我通过做大量练习题在数学上取得了很大进步）”，“have made great progress”是现在完成时，突出了从过去开始做练习题到现在已经产生的结果，即取得了进步。这种表达能够让学生回顾自己的学习历程，看到通过特定学习方式所获得的收获，增强学习的成就感和自信心。
（五）易混淆点辨析：“by doing sth.”与其他表达学习方式的结构
1. “by doing sth.”与“to do sth.”：“by doing sth.”强调通过某种具体行为方式来实现目标，侧重于方式手段；而“to do sth.”通常表示目的，即做某事的意图。例如，“I study hard by taking notes carefully.（我通过认真做笔记努力学习）”，“by taking notes carefully”是学习的方式；“I study hard to get good grades.（我努力学习是为了取得好成绩）”，“to get good grades”是学习的目的。在实际运用中，学生需要根据表达意图准确选择结构。如果要描述如何完成某个学习任务，就用“by doing sth.”；如果要表达做这件事想要达成的结果，就用“to do sth.”。
2. “by doing sth.”与“with sth.”：“by doing sth.”强调动作行为，“with sth.”则侧重于使用某种工具或伴随的事物。例如，“I write English essays by thinking carefully.（我通过认真思考写英语作文）”，强调写作时思考这个行为；“I write English essays with a pen.（我用钢笔写英语作文）”，“with a pen”表明使用的工具是钢笔。在描述学习方式时，要注意区分是强调行为过程还是借助的工具或伴随物。
二、学以致用
（一）语法填空
1. How ______ (do) you learn English grammar I learn it by ______ (read) grammar books.
2. She improves her listening by ______ (listen) to English songs every day.
3. How can we ______ (become) better at math We can become better by ______ (practice) math problems regularly.
4. They study for the exam by ______ (make) flashcards and reviewing notes.
5. How does he ______ (remember) so many English words He remembers them by ______ (use) mnemonic devices.
6. I improve my writing skills by ______ (write) a short story once a week.
7. How do you usually review your lessons I usually review them by ______ (make) mind maps.
8. We can learn a new language by ______ (immerse) ourselves in the language environment.
9. How does she prepare for the speech She prepares for it by ______ (practice) in front of a mirror.
10. He becomes more confident in speaking English by ______ (join) an English - speaking club.
（二）阅读理解
Learning a foreign language can be challenging, but there are many ways to make it easier. Different people have different methods.
Tom likes learning English by watching English movies. He thinks it's a fun way to improve his listening and speaking skills. He watches the movies with subtitles at first, and then tries to watch them without subtitles. This helps him understand the real - life conversations better.
Lily prefers learning French by reading French novels. She believes that reading can increase her vocabulary and improve her understanding of the language structure. She also writes down new words and phrases while reading and reviews them later.
Mike learns Spanish by taking part in language exchange programs. He gets to talk with native Spanish speakers and learn from their pronunciation and expressions. He thinks it's a great way to practice speaking and gain more confidence.
1. How does Tom learn English
A. By reading English novels.
B. By watching English movies.
C. By taking part in language exchange programs.
D. By writing English diaries.
2. What does Lily do while reading French novels
A. She only enjoys the stories.
B. She watches movies with the same theme.
C. She writes down new words and phrases.
D. She joins a French - reading club.
3. Why does Mike like learning Spanish by taking part in language exchange programs
A. Because he can make more friends.
B. Because he can get free Spanish lessons.
C. Because he can talk with native speakers and learn from them.
D. Because he can travel to Spanish - speaking countries.
4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to learn a foreign language in the passage
A. Watching movies.
B. Reading novels.
C. Singing songs.
D. Taking part in language exchange programs.
5. What can we learn from the passage
A. There is only one way to learn a foreign language.
B. Different people have different ways to learn a foreign language.
C. Learning a foreign language is always easy.
D. We should only learn from others' ways of learning languages.
（三）翻译句子
1. 你如何提高你的英语口语？我通过和外国人交谈来提高。
2. 他们通过做大量练习来为考试做准备。
3. 她怎样学习历史？她通过阅读历史书籍和参观博物馆来学习。
4. 我们可以通过小组合作来解决这个问题。
5. 他通过每天练习弹钢琴来提高他的音乐技能。
（四）写作任务
以 “My Ways of Learning English” 为题，写一篇短文，介绍你学习英语的方法。内容包括：你采用了哪些学习方法（至少三种），这些方法对你学习英语有什么帮助，你对这些学习方法的感受，不少于80词。
答案
（一）语法填空
1. do; reading。第一空，主语是“you”，一般现在时的特殊疑问句中，借助助动词“do”；第二空，“by”是介词，后接动词 -ing形式，所以填“reading”。
2. listening。“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“listen”的 -ing形式是“listening”。
3. become; practicing。第一空，“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形，所以填“become”；第二空，“by”后用动词 -ing形式，“practice”的 -ing形式是“practicing”。
4. making。“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“make”的 -ing形式是“making”。
5. remember; using。第一空，“does”是助动词，后接动词原形，填“remember”；第二空，“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“use”的 -ing形式是“using”。
6. writing。“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“write”的 -ing形式是“writing”。
7. making。“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“make”的 -ing形式是“making”。
8. immersing。“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“immerse”的 -ing形式是“immersing”。
9. practicing。“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“practice”的 -ing形式是“practicing”。
10. joining。“by”后接动词 -ing形式，“join”的 -ing形式是“joining”。
（二）阅读理解
1. B。根据文中“Tom likes learning English by watching English movies.”可知，汤姆通过看英语电影学习英语，答案选B。
2. C。从“She also writes down new words and phrases while reading and reviews them later.”可知，莉莉在阅读法语小说时会写下新单词和短语，答案是C。
3. C。文中提到“He gets to talk with native Spanish speakers and learn from their pronunciation and expressions. He thinks it's a great way to practice speaking and gain more confidence.”，说明迈克喜欢这种学习方式是因为可以和母语者交流并向他们学习，答案选C。
4. C。文章提到了看电影、读小说、参加语言交流项目这几种学习外语的方式，未提及唱歌，答案选C。
5. B。文章讲述了不同人学习外语的不同方法，说明不同的人有不同的学习外语的方式，答案选B。
（三）翻译句子
1. How do you improve your spoken English I improve it by talking with foreigners.
2. They prepare for the exam by doing a lot of exercises.
3. How does she learn history She learns it by reading history books and visiting museums.
4. We can solve this problem by working in groups.
5. He improves his music skills by practicing playing the piano every day.
（四）写作任务
My Ways of Learning English
English is an important language, and I've found several ways to learn it effectively.
First of all, I learn English by listening to English podcasts. It provides me with a real - life language environment. I can hear native speakers' pronunciation and different expressions. This helps me improve my listening skills greatly. Also, I try to imitate what I hear, which is beneficial for my speaking.
Secondly, reading English books is another great way. Whether it's a simple storybook or a more complex novel, I can learn new words and sentence structures. I often write down the words I don't know and look them up in the dictionary. This enriches my vocabulary and makes me understand English better.
Finally, I join an English - speaking club. In the club, I have the opportunity to talk with other English - lovers. We share our learning experiences and practice speaking English together. It makes me more confident when speaking English and also allows me to learn from others.
These learning ways have brought me a lot of benefits. I've made great progress in English, especially in listening, speaking and reading. I enjoy these ways because they make learning English interesting and effective. I believe as long as I keep using these methods, I'll continue to improve my English level.