Passage 1
Major research suggests humans can break free from tribalism. Tribalism has a strong hold on us, making us prioritize loyalty and familiarity over other things. It can be harmless, like supporting a favorite sports team, but it can also lead to harmful "tribal" behaviors.
However, new research gives us hope. It indicates that humans have the potential to overcome tribal tendencies and expand their “moral circle” of care. A key player, the Global Compassion Coalition, arranged a study. The findings, released in January, are seen as having the potential to change how we view human nature.
To test if people could extend care beyond their “in - group”, researchers at the University of Queensland invited people to a two - hour workshop. After that, they were asked to continue compassion - themed exercises for two weeks.
The results were significant. The intervention made people care about individuals beyond their immediate family and friends, including stigmatized people and even “villains” like murderers. A three - month follow - up showed that once people started to expand their circles of concern, they continued to do so in new groups and communities. “Human moral circles are elastic,” said Prof James Kirby. This means that although some cultures might have narrow moral circles, humans can actually expand them significantly. In just two hours, plus some practice, people can become more compassionate and caring.
What is the main idea of the new research
A. Tribalism is a natural part of human nature.
B. Humans can expand their moral circle of care.
C. Compassion - themed exercises are effective.
D. People are more loyal to their in - group.
What was the purpose of the two - hour workshop in the study
A. To make people more familiar with each other.
B. To teach people how to perform compassion - themed exercises.
C. To test whether people could care beyond their in - group.
D. To find out the reasons for tribalism.
What does the underlined word “elastic” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Flexible.
B. Narrow.
C. Fixed.
D. Harmful.
What can we infer from the passage
A. Tribalism is always harmful to society.
B. The new findings can change human nature.
C. People can easily become more compassionate.
D. The effect of the intervention can last for some time.
答案
B
解析：文章主要围绕新研究展开，第一段 “Major research suggests humans can break free from tribalism” 以及第二段 “new research gives us hope. It indicates that humans have the potential to overcome tribal tendencies and expand their ‘moral circle’ of care” 都表明新研究的主要观点是人类能够扩大他们关心的道德圈，所以选 B。
C
解析：从文中 “To test if people could extend care beyond their ‘in - group’, researchers at the University of Queensland invited people to a two - hour workshop” 可知，两小时研讨会的目的是测试人们是否能关心群体之外的人，C 选项正确。
A
解析：根据上下文，“Human moral circles are elastic” 后面提到 “although some cultures might have narrow moral circles, humans can actually expand them significantly”，说明道德圈是可以变化、扩展的，“elastic” 意思是灵活可变的，与 flexible 意思相符，所以选 A。
D
解析：文中 “A three - month follow - up showed that once people started to expand their circles of concern, they continued to do so in new groups and communities” 表明干预的效果可以持续一段时间，D 选项正确。A 选项 “always harmful” 太绝对；B 选项新发现是揭示人类本性，而非改变人类本性；C 选项 “easily” 表述错误，文中说需要两小时及一些练习。
Passage 2
In the southern Gaza city of Rafah, around 1.5 million displaced Palestinians have sought shelter. Amid the ongoing chaos, Alaa Al Dali, captain and co - founder of the Gaza Sunbirds para - cycling team, is busy negotiating with vegetable vendors. Despite his own challenges, like using crutches and a prosthetic leg, Al Dali is determined to help as many displaced people as possible.
The Gaza Sunbirds, a non - profit founded in 2020 to support Palestinian para - athletes, had big dreams of competing in international events like the 2024 Paralympics. But the war following the October terrorist attacks by Hamas in Gaza put those plans on hold.
Since the start of the war, the team has been focused on delivering aid. So far, they have distributed $70,000 ( 56,000) worth of aid, including 53 tons of food, reaching more than 17,000 people in southern and central Gaza. Aid packages contain baby essentials, sanitary products, and are also used to pay athletes' families stipends.
After long negotiations, Al Dali finally agrees on a price with a vendor. Overcome with a sense of triumph, he starts packing vegetables with the help of his teammates. These para - cyclists, who themselves have been displaced, are making a significant difference.
In Europe, Karim Ali, a co - founder based in London, coordinates the team and its international campaigns. The emergency aid appeal they launched has almost raised $245,000 ( 194,000). The team hopes that once the war is over, they can not only return to training but also help Gaza, which relies heavily on aid, to rebuild.
What was the original purpose of the Gaza Sunbirds
A. To compete in the 2024 Olympics.
B. To help displaced Palestinians during the war.
C. To support Palestinian para - athletes.
D. To deliver aid to people in southern Gaza.
How much aid has the Gaza Sunbirds team distributed so far
A. $245,000 ( 194,000).
B. $70,000 ( 56,000).
C. 53 tons of food.
D. 17,000 packages of aid.
What can we infer about Alaa Al Dali
A. He is a very determined person.
B. He has never been displaced.
C. He is responsible for international campaigns.
D. He has given up the dream of competing in the Paralympics.
What is the team's hope for the future
A. To continue delivering aid forever.
B. To receive more international support.
C. To return to training and help Gaza rebuild.
D. To win medals in the 2024 Paralympics.
答案
C
解析：文中明确提到 “The Gaza Sunbirds, a non - profit founded in 2020 to support Palestinian para - athletes”，说明该组织最初的目的是支持巴勒斯坦残奥运动员，C 选项正确。
B
解析：根据文章 “So far, they have distributed $70,000 ( 56,000) worth of aid” 可知，目前该团队分发了价值 70000 美元（56000 英镑）的援助，B 选项正确。53 吨是食物的重量，17000 是受益人数，245000 美元是他们发起的紧急援助呼吁筹集到的金额，均不符合题意。
A
解析：从文中 “Despite his own challenges, like using crutches and a prosthetic leg, Al Dali is determined to help as many displaced people as possible” 以及 “After long negotiations, Al Dali finally agrees on a price with a vendor” 可以看出，尽管面临困难，他依然坚持帮助他人，是个意志坚定的人，A 选项正确。文中提到他自己也流离失所，B 错误；负责国际活动协调的是 Karim Ali，C 错误；文中说战争搁置了他们参加残奥会的计划，并非放弃梦想，D 错误。
C
解析：根据文章最后 “The team hopes that once the war is over, they can not only return to training but also help Gaza, which relies heavily on aid, to rebuild” 可知，团队希望战争结束后能重返训练并帮助加沙重建，C 选项正确。
Passage 3
In Greenland, the growth of cruise tourism has been a double - edged sword. “It’s a problem. For the whales, the hunters, the locals,” said Maya Sialuk Jacobsen, a Greenlandic tattoo artist. Since 2016, the number of people coming to Greenland by cruise has almost doubled. In 2022, on Qeqertarsuaq, the country’s largest island, 43,999 visitors arrived.
Regular tourism does bring benefits. Sialuk Jacobsen, an Inuit activist, admitted, “Regular tourism is also good for us. We need to be part of the global community.” However, the rapid increase in cruise tourists has led to various issues.
In response, a new cruise tax came into effect in Greenland in January. After a collaborative campaign between citizens, tourism operators and the Greenland tourist board, taxes have been increased. An extra DKK 50 ($7.53) per passenger has been added to the existing DKK 1.10 ($0.11) gross tonne tax. Under the devolved model, the money collected will stay in the regions where it’s collected, allowing municipalities to decide how to spend it.
Many tourism workers positively view this tax as a way to deal with the negative impacts of cruise tourism. In some towns like Ilulissat and Sisimiut in the north, and Qaqortoq in the south, local harbours lack proper infrastructure or enough public facilities. Some of the extra money will be used to improve harbours. Wildlife experts hope the tax and resulting regulations will help protect marine life, as whales have been reacting strongly to ship noise.
What is the main problem mentioned in the passage
A. The lack of infrastructure in Greenland.
B. The negative impact of cruise tourism in Greenland.
C. The conflict between tourism operators and locals.
D. The decrease in marine life in Greenland.
What can we learn about the new cruise tax in Greenland
A. It is only supported by local citizens.
B. It is DKK 50 ($7.53) per passenger in total.
C. The money collected will be used locally.
D. It has been in effect for a long time.
What is the attitude of wildlife experts towards the new tax
A. Doubtful.
B. Supportive.
C. Uncaring.
D. Negative.
What is the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce the new cruise tax in Greenland and its background.
B. To encourage more people to visit Greenland.
C. To criticize the rapid development of tourism in Greenland.
D. To discuss how to protect marine life in Greenland.
答案
B
解析：文章开头引用 Maya Sialuk Jacobsen 的话指出 “It’s a problem. For the whales, the hunters, the locals”，后面又阐述了邮轮旅游带来的一系列问题，所以主要问题是邮轮旅游给格陵兰岛带来的负面影响，B 选项正确。
C
解析：根据文中 “Under the devolved model, the money collected will stay in the regions where it’s collected, allowing municipalities to decide how to spend it” 可知，征收的钱会留在当地使用，C 选项正确。新税收是公民、旅游运营商和旅游局共同推动的，A 错误；除了每位乘客额外的 50 丹麦克朗，还有现有的总吨税，B 错误；文中提到新税收在 1 月才生效，并非实施很久，D 错误。
B
解析：从 “Wildlife experts hope the tax and resulting regulations will help protect marine life” 可以看出，野生动物专家对新税收持支持态度，希望它能帮助保护海洋生物，B 选项正确。
A
解析：文章先介绍了格陵兰岛邮轮旅游发展带来的问题，接着说明为解决问题推出了新的邮轮税收政策，包括税收的相关情况等，所以目的是介绍格陵兰岛新的邮轮税收及其背景，A 选项正确。
Passage 4
In 2007, Karam Singh entered his first breaking contest. A year later, in 2008, he became the youngest b - boy to represent his country in world championships. At first, Singh didn't see breaking as a way to make a living or win an Olympic gold. It was simply about having fun and feeling a sense of belonging.
Singh and his friends, who were sporty and mischievous, often went to the park to practice and battle each other. “It was our way of showing off and being cool, of settling conflict and having fun with it,” Singh recalled. He was deeply attracted by the culture of breaking, from the boombox to the little roll of lino.
By his mid - teens, Singh was already being paid to dance professionally. He joined his own crew, Sky TV. Ironically, he later answered phones in a Sky call centre, feeling embarrassed when his face appeared in sports interviews on TV screens at work.
In 2021, a Nike sponsorship deal gave Singh a big opportunity. He became the first b - boy in the world to join the brand's athlete programme. Breaking, which combines raw athleticism with style and swagger, has a special place in Singh's heart. He describes his dancing as “playful, explosive and compact”.
Now, at 25, Singh is focused on qualifying for the Paris Olympic Games. He's among the last 40 male competitors. He rates his chances in the final qualifiers, which will be held next month and in June. Whether he wins a medal or not, Singh hopes to leave an impact on the Olympics. “Maybe open my own dance school one day, and do a lot more charity,” he said. For him, breaking is a mix of music, a semi - good surface, and something accessible to anyone, anywhere.
What was Karam Singh's original attitude towards breaking
A. He saw it as a path to an Olympic gold.
B. He regarded it as a way to earn a living.
C. He thought of it as a source of enjoyment and belonging.
D. He considered it a serious professional career.
What happened to Karam Singh in 2021
A. He joined a dance crew.
B. He got a sponsorship deal from Nike.
C. He worked in a Sky call centre.
D. He entered his first breaking contest.
How does Karam Singh describe his dancing
A. Graceful and smooth.
B. Playful, explosive and compact.
C. Elegant and powerful.
D. Slow and steady.
What is Karam Singh's hope for the future
A. To win a medal in the Olympics.
B. To become a well - known dancer.
C. To open his own dance school and do charity work.
D. To make breaking more popular around the world.
答案
C
解析：文中提到 “At first, Singh didn't see breaking as a way to make a living or win an Olympic gold. It was simply about having fun and feeling a sense of belonging”，表明他最初把 breaking 视为一种乐趣和获得归属感的方式，C 选项正确。
B
解析：根据 “In 2021, a Nike sponsorship deal gave Singh a big opportunity. He became the first b - boy in the world to join the brand's athlete programme” 可知，2021 年他获得了耐克的赞助，B 选项正确。他加入舞蹈团队是在这之前，在 Sky 呼叫中心工作也是之前的事，参加第一次 breaking 比赛是在 2007 年，A、C、D 选项错误。
B
解析：从 “He describes his dancing as ‘playful, explosive and compact’” 可知，他将自己的舞蹈描述为 “有趣、富有爆发力且紧凑”，B 选项正确。
C
解析：依据 “Whether he wins a medal or not, Singh hopes to leave an impact on the Olympics. ‘Maybe open my own dance school one day, and do a lot more charity,’ he said”，可以看出他希望未来能开办自己的舞蹈学校并做更多慈善工作，C 选项正确。Passage 1
Major research suggests humans can break free from tribalism. Tribalism has a strong hold on us, making us prioritize loyalty and familiarity over other things. It can be harmless, like supporting a favorite sports team, but it can also lead to harmful "tribal" behaviors.
However, new research gives us hope. It indicates that humans have the potential to overcome tribal tendencies and expand their “moral circle” of care. A key player, the Global Compassion Coalition, arranged a study. The findings, released in January, are seen as having the potential to change how we view human nature.
To test if people could extend care beyond their “in - group”, researchers at the University of Queensland invited people to a two - hour workshop. After that, they were asked to continue compassion - themed exercises for two weeks.
The results were significant. The intervention made people care about individuals beyond their immediate family and friends, including stigmatized people and even “villains” like murderers. A three - month follow - up showed that once people started to expand their circles of concern, they continued to do so in new groups and communities. “Human moral circles are elastic,” said Prof James Kirby. This means that although some cultures might have narrow moral circles, humans can actually expand them significantly. In just two hours, plus some practice, people can become more compassionate and caring.
What is the main idea of the new research
A. Tribalism is a natural part of human nature.
B. Humans can expand their moral circle of care.
C. Compassion - themed exercises are effective.
D. People are more loyal to their in - group.
What was the purpose of the two - hour workshop in the study
A. To make people more familiar with each other.
B. To teach people how to perform compassion - themed exercises.
C. To test whether people could care beyond their in - group.
D. To find out the reasons for tribalism.
What does the underlined word “elastic” in the last paragraph probably mean
A. Flexible.
B. Narrow.
C. Fixed.
D. Harmful.
What can we infer from the passage
A. Tribalism is always harmful to society.
B. The new findings can change human nature.
C. People can easily become more compassionate.
D. The effect of the intervention can last for some time.
Passage 2
In the southern Gaza city of Rafah, around 1.5 million displaced Palestinians have sought shelter. Amid the ongoing chaos, Alaa Al Dali, captain and co - founder of the Gaza Sunbirds para - cycling team, is busy negotiating with vegetable vendors. Despite his own challenges, like using crutches and a prosthetic leg, Al Dali is determined to help as many displaced people as possible.
The Gaza Sunbirds, a non - profit founded in 2020 to support Palestinian para - athletes, had big dreams of competing in international events like the 2024 Paralympics. But the war following the October terrorist attacks by Hamas in Gaza put those plans on hold.
Since the start of the war, the team has been focused on delivering aid. So far, they have distributed $70,000 ( 56,000) worth of aid, including 53 tons of food, reaching more than 17,000 people in southern and central Gaza. Aid packages contain baby essentials, sanitary products, and are also used to pay athletes' families stipends.
After long negotiations, Al Dali finally agrees on a price with a vendor. Overcome with a sense of triumph, he starts packing vegetables with the help of his teammates. These para - cyclists, who themselves have been displaced, are making a significant difference.
In Europe, Karim Ali, a co - founder based in London, coordinates the team and its international campaigns. The emergency aid appeal they launched has almost raised $245,000 ( 194,000). The team hopes that once the war is over, they can not only return to training but also help Gaza, which relies heavily on aid, to rebuild.
What was the original purpose of the Gaza Sunbirds
A. To compete in the 2024 Olympics.
B. To help displaced Palestinians during the war.
C. To support Palestinian para - athletes.
D. To deliver aid to people in southern Gaza.
How much aid has the Gaza Sunbirds team distributed so far
A. $245,000 ( 194,000).
B. $70,000 ( 56,000).
C. 53 tons of food.
D. 17,000 packages of aid.
What can we infer about Alaa Al Dali
A. He is a very determined person.
B. He has never been displaced.
C. He is responsible for international campaigns.
D. He has given up the dream of competing in the Paralympics.
What is the team's hope for the future
A. To continue delivering aid forever.
B. To receive more international support.
C. To return to training and help Gaza rebuild.
D. To win medals in the 2024 Paralympics.
Passage 3
In Greenland, the growth of cruise tourism has been a double - edged sword. “It’s a problem. For the whales, the hunters, the locals,” said Maya Sialuk Jacobsen, a Greenlandic tattoo artist. Since 2016, the number of people coming to Greenland by cruise has almost doubled. In 2022, on Qeqertarsuaq, the country’s largest island, 43,999 visitors arrived.
Regular tourism does bring benefits. Sialuk Jacobsen, an Inuit activist, admitted, “Regular tourism is also good for us. We need to be part of the global community.” However, the rapid increase in cruise tourists has led to various issues.
In response, a new cruise tax came into effect in Greenland in January. After a collaborative campaign between citizens, tourism operators and the Greenland tourist board, taxes have been increased. An extra DKK 50 ($7.53) per passenger has been added to the existing DKK 1.10 ($0.11) gross tonne tax. Under the devolved model, the money collected will stay in the regions where it’s collected, allowing municipalities to decide how to spend it.
Many tourism workers positively view this tax as a way to deal with the negative impacts of cruise tourism. In some towns like Ilulissat and Sisimiut in the north, and Qaqortoq in the south, local harbours lack proper infrastructure or enough public facilities. Some of the extra money will be used to improve harbours. Wildlife experts hope the tax and resulting regulations will help protect marine life, as whales have been reacting strongly to ship noise.
What is the main problem mentioned in the passage
A. The lack of infrastructure in Greenland.
B. The negative impact of cruise tourism in Greenland.
C. The conflict between tourism operators and locals.
D. The decrease in marine life in Greenland.
What can we learn about the new cruise tax in Greenland
A. It is only supported by local citizens.
B. It is DKK 50 ($7.53) per passenger in total.
C. The money collected will be used locally.
D. It has been in effect for a long time.
What is the attitude of wildlife experts towards the new tax
A. Doubtful.
B. Supportive.
C. Uncaring.
D. Negative.
What is the purpose of the passage
A. To introduce the new cruise tax in Greenland and its background.
B. To encourage more people to visit Greenland.
C. To criticize the rapid development of tourism in Greenland.
D. To discuss how to protect marine life in Greenland.
Passage 4
In 2007, Karam Singh entered his first breaking contest. A year later, in 2008, he became the youngest b - boy to represent his country in world championships. At first, Singh didn't see breaking as a way to make a living or win an Olympic gold. It was simply about having fun and feeling a sense of belonging.
Singh and his friends, who were sporty and mischievous, often went to the park to practice and battle each other. “It was our way of showing off and being cool, of settling conflict and having fun with it,” Singh recalled. He was deeply attracted by the culture of breaking, from the boombox to the little roll of lino.
By his mid - teens, Singh was already being paid to dance professionally. He joined his own crew, Sky TV. Ironically, he later answered phones in a Sky call centre, feeling embarrassed when his face appeared in sports interviews on TV screens at work.
In 2021, a Nike sponsorship deal gave Singh a big opportunity. He became the first b - boy in the world to join the brand's athlete programme. Breaking, which combines raw athleticism with style and swagger, has a special place in Singh's heart. He describes his dancing as “playful, explosive and compact”.
Now, at 25, Singh is focused on qualifying for the Paris Olympic Games. He's among the last 40 male competitors. He rates his chances in the final qualifiers, which will be held next month and in June. Whether he wins a medal or not, Singh hopes to leave an impact on the Olympics. “Maybe open my own dance school one day, and do a lot more charity,” he said. For him, breaking is a mix of music, a semi - good surface, and something accessible to anyone, anywhere.
What was Karam Singh's original attitude towards breaking
A. He saw it as a path to an Olympic gold.
B. He regarded it as a way to earn a living.
C. He thought of it as a source of enjoyment and belonging.
D. He considered it a serious professional career.
What happened to Karam Singh in 2021
A. He joined a dance crew.
B. He got a sponsorship deal from Nike.
C. He worked in a Sky call centre.
D. He entered his first breaking contest.
How does Karam Singh describe his dancing
A. Graceful and smooth.
B. Playful, explosive and compact.
C. Elegant and powerful.
D. Slow and steady.
What is Karam Singh's hope for the future
A. To win a medal in the Olympics.
B. To become a well - known dancer.
C. To open his own dance school and do charity work.
D. To make breaking more popular around the world.
