考点18 名词性从句（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 高考真题考点分布
考点 题型 名词性从句
年份 试卷类型 考点 考向
语法填空
2024 2024·新课标I卷 / /
2024·新课标II卷 / /
2024·全国甲卷 what 宾语从句
2024·年浙江1月 what 表语从句
2023 2023·新课标I卷 / /
2023·新课标II卷 why 表语从句
2023·全国乙卷 / /
2023·全国甲卷 / /
2023·浙江1月 whether或if 宾语从句
2022 2022·新课标I卷 / /
2022·新课标II卷 how +to do 作宾语
2022·全国乙卷 / /
2022·全国甲卷 / /
2022·北京卷 whether 宾语从句
2022·浙江1月 / /
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年新高考卷对于名词性从句的考查共计6次，主要考查：
名词性从句连接词辨析；
名词性从句固定句型；
3. 名词性从句和定语从句的区别。
【备考策略】
1. 熟练掌握名词性从句连接词的用法和意义，特别是what和that的用法。
2. 熟练掌握名词性从句的固定句式和相关考点。
3. 理解名词性从句与定语从句的区别。
【命题预测】
预测2025年高考考查点：
1.主要集中在名词性从句上的连接词；
2. 仍然有可能考查名词性从句固定句型，如表语从句，it作形式主语和形式宾语。
必备基础知识：
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中担当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。按其句法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词主要有以下几类:
宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
动词宾语 介词宾语
连接词 that 在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用(that不表示任何含义) √ (可省略) √ (不可省略) √ (不可省略) √ (不可省略) √ (不可省略)
Whether（是否） 在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用( whether/if表"是否") √ √ √ √ √
if（是否） √(discuss后不可用) × √(it作形式主语时可用) × ×
as if（似乎） 似乎 × × × √ ×
because（因为） × × × √ ×
连接代词 who(ever),what(ever),which(ever),whose,whom(ever) 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语 √ √ √ (一般不用wh-ever连接词引导)
连接副词 when（何时）, how（何时）, where（何地）, why（为何） 在从句中作状语 √ √ √ √ √
01 宾语从句
1）宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
知识1 动词后接宾语从句的用法
I wish hat he would understand me. 我希望他能理解我。
Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate.我们能否成功取决于我们合作得怎么样。
知识2 介词后接宾语从句的用法
一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。
He'll talk to us about what happened in the classroom.他将给我们讲述教室里发生的事情。
知识3 形容词后接宾语从句的用法
表示情感或态度的形容词后可接宾语从句。
常见的这类词有:afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy等。
I' m very glad/pleased that all of your family will come.我很高兴你们全家都会来。
特别提醒 be sure后接宾语从句时连接词的选择:
1.be sure(用于肯定句或疑问句)+that从句。
Are you sure that we' ll have a picnic this weekend 你确定我们本周末举行野餐吗
2.be sure(用于否定句)+whether/if从句。
I am not sure whether I should write to him or not.我不确定应不应该给他写信。
2）引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意： whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。 （1）与or not紧接连用时。 Let me know whether or not you can come. 请让我知道你是否能来。 （2）作介词的宾语从句时。 We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗
I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
3). 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
Did you find out where she lost her car 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗
4). 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said that he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
5). 动词后宾语从句的特殊用法
①动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了惯例。
②hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示＂喜欢；痛恨；认为＂的动词或动词短语和see to表示＂注意，留意＂后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。
③介词后的宾语从句。
She is always thinking of how she can do more for others. 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
④宾语从句的否定转移。
将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don’t think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
doubt+宾语从句
I don't doubt that the plan is practical, but I doubt whether/if he can stick with the plan until it's finished.我不怀疑这个计划的可行性,但是我怀疑他能否坚持执行下去,直到计划完成。
宾语从句的用法速记口诀 宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替； 特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。 主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
【2024全国甲卷】How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming.
【2024届江苏省南通市高三下学期四模】While 28traditional (tradition) shadow play often involves fancy handmade puppets and fascinating storytelling, contemporary artists have explored new techniques, pushing the boundaries of 29 is possible with shadow play. Despite the rise of digital entertainment, shadow play, a timeless tradition that goes beyond borders and generations, continues to exist 30 as a valuable art form in many parts of the world.
02主语从句
1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示＂……的东西＂时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
That she will succeed is certain.
It is certain that she will succeed.
注意：(1)在＂It is necessary/important/strange/natural...＋that从句＂结构中，从句谓语常用＂(should＋)动词原形＂形式。
【拓展延伸】主语从句的引导词
引导词 作用 引导词 作用
that 无词义，在从句中不充当成分，但不能省略 how 多么，怎样，作方式状语或程度状语
who 谁，作主语、宾语 when 何时，作时间状语
whom 谁，作宾语 where 在哪儿，作地点状语
what 什么，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 why 为什么，作原因状语
which 哪一个，哪些，作主语、宾语、定语 whether 是否
【特别注意】当作主语的句子太长时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置后。if＂是否＂，不可直接引导主语从句(用it作形式主语时可以) 。
3. 主语从句的特殊用法
（1）主语从句与定语从句的转换
What is needed has been bought.
All that is needed has been bought.
所有需要的都被买了。
（2）几个特殊句型之间的转换
It is known to all that China has joined the WTO.
As is known to all, China has joined the WTO.
What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.众所周知，中国已加入WTO。
4. 从句作主语时，句子谓语动词的单复数问题
(1)从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
That they are not going to the cinema is a big surprise to us.他们不去看电影，这使我们感到很惊讶。
(2)what引导的从向作主语，谓语动词一般用单数;若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词常用复数。
What she said is wrong.她所说的是错误的。
What we need are books.我们所需要的是书籍。
【2021.6新高考1卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
Li is not without criticism. Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable ______ she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields.
03 表语从句和同位语从句
一、表语从句
引导表语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether
连接代词：who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever whomever，whichever，whatever
连接副词：when，where，how，why
1. 连接词引导
The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed. 他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
2. 连接代词和连接副词引导
The problem is who will take charge of this shop. 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
That is when I realized the importance of journalism. 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
注意：
（1）as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听上去好像有人在敲门。
At that time, it seemed as though I couldn’t think of the right word. 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
（2）当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reason why... is that...
The reason why he came late was that he got up late. 他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
2表语从句的三个易混句式
句式 用法 例句
This/'That is why+结果 意为"这那就是.....to work there. 那就是的原因"，why 引导表语从句。 That's why I want you to work there. 我想要你在那儿工作的原因。
This/That/It is because +原因 意为"这/那是因为.....，because引导表语从句。 It's just because he |doesn't know her. 这 这仅仅是因为他不认识她 。
The reason why... is that... 意为"......的原因是……”，why定语从句，修饰先行词reason, that引导表语从句。 The reason why he didn't come was that it was raining heavily.他没有来的原因是 (当时)雨下得很大。
二、同位语从句
知识1 同位语从句前名词的特殊性
同位语从句前的名词通常是fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等表示抽象意义的名词, 同位语从句用于对这些名词作进一步的解释或说明。
She has to face up to the fact that she is no longer young.她必须正视自己不再年轻这一事实。
The question whether he will join us is very important.他是否会加入我们这个问题很重要。
知识2 分割式同位语从句
有时主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句内容较长,为避免"头重脚轻",常常将谓语部分提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。
My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.我要给父母买一套大房子的愿望总有一天会实现。
Word came that our school had won first prize in the final.消息传来说,我们学校已经在决赛中获得了一等奖。
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They also need to be ready to give ___41_interviews__ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.
【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】Traditional martial arts have brought a concrete and natural way of life in line with their inner selves. They are 30 young people and traditional Chinese culture blend (融合).
04名词性从句连接词的辨析
1）what 与that引导名词性从句的区别
that在从句中不充当句子成分,也没有含义;what在从句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和定语,意思是"什么,……的事情,什么样的"。
That he failed in the test again really puzzled us.他又一次没通过考试,这真让我们感到迷惑不解。(that在主语从句中不作成分,不可以省略)
These photographs will show you what our village looks like.这些照片将向你展示我们村的面貌。(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语)
We haven't decided what measures we should take to deal with the noise problem.我们还没有决定应该采取什么措施来解决噪声问题。(what在宾语从句中作定语)
2）whether 与if
(1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
It all depends on whether they will come back.
(2)后面直接跟or not 时用whether。
I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
(3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
The question is whether they have so much money.
(4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
(5)whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。
The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
I have not decided whether to go or not.
(6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if。
Thank you，but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment.
(7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示＂不管＂、＂无论＂，而if不能。
Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time.
3）wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别
(1)疑问词＋ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
(2)疑问词＋ever还可引导让步状语从句。
Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished.
Whatever you do，you must do it well.
(3)no matter＋疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
No matter what you do，you must put your heart into it.
No matter who comes late，he must be punished.
4）when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。
They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位语从句)
This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)
1.【2022 年 1 月 浙 江 卷，62】Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
1.【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is 14 makes fireworks flash in pretty colours and fun shapes. The images they make depend on the placement of these compounds inside the shell of the firework.
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（最新模拟试题演练）
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9.【2024届贵州省部分学校高三下学期5月份联考】The singing in Chinese opera is an impressive aspect. In addition to singing, 4 fascinates people most is actors’ dance and acrobatics.
10.【2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟】Scientists have discovered the remains of 11 appears to be an ancient sheep-drawn chariot (战车) near the famous Terracotta Army in the western tomb of Emperor Qin Shi Huang.
11.【2024届浙江省北斗星盟高三下学期5月阶段性考试】China now has nearly 30,000 kilometers of high speed track. Using high speed rail, 29 used to be a 34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours.
12.【2024届山东省青岛市高三三模】All this is 40 makes this place a magical one-of-a-kind destination.
13.【2024届湖南省邵阳市高三下学期第三次联考】The early abacus used small round beads instead of long rods, 23 were comparatively clumsy.
（2024·河南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Small changes can have large consequences. The idea came to be known as the “butterfly effect” which indicates that the beating of a butterfly’s wings might 1 (possible) cause a tornado. Tulenov Ruslan, a man from Kazakhstan, is 2 real-life example of this.
Ruslan, with the rare Rh-negative blood type 3 (refer) to as “panda blood”, 4 (donate) more than 6,000 milliliters of blood since he came to study in China in 2009. Having great 5 (admire) for China and its culture, Ruslan chose to learn Chinese at Hainan University when he was 17 years old.
This kind-hearted Kazakh man, 6 Chinese name is Lan Tian (blue sky), said it was his mother who had encouraged him many times to help others before he came to Hainan. In 2014, when a victim of a traffic accident urgently needed blood transfusion (输血), Ruslan left a comment to show his concern, 7 (add) “Lan Tian brother wishes to help you.”
Ruslan’s simple act of kindness won praise from the Chinese government. Now, Ruslan has the opportunity 8 (serve) at a provincial department in Hainan as a global media officer. “Lan Tian brother” takes 9 (impress) action to show his pure love to China and he never imagined that his rare blood type would become a symbol of friendship 10 China and his home country.
2024年
1.【2024全国甲卷】How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming.
2.【2024浙江1月卷】If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
2023年
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.
2022年
1.【2022年北京卷】 It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
2.【2022年天津卷第二次】 Mental health involves________ you procees things such as stress and anxiety.
A. how B. what C. why D. which
2021年
【2021.6新高考1卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
2．【2021年天津卷第一次】What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
3.【2021年天津卷第二次】 It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A. when B. where C. what D. whether考点18 名词性从句（核心考点精讲精练）
1. 高考真题考点分布
考点 题型 名词性从句
年份 试卷类型 考点 考向
语法填空
2024 2024·新课标I卷 / /
2024·新课标II卷 / /
2024·全国甲卷 what 宾语从句
2024·年浙江1月 what 表语从句
2023 2023·新课标I卷 / /
2023·新课标II卷 why 表语从句
2023·全国乙卷 / /
2023·全国甲卷 / /
2023·浙江1月 whether或if 宾语从句
2022 2022·新课标I卷 / /
2022·新课标II卷 how +to do 作宾语
2022·全国乙卷 / /
2022·全国甲卷 / /
2022·北京卷 whether 宾语从句
2022·浙江1月 / /
2. 命题规律及备考策略
【命题规律】
近3年新高考卷对于名词性从句的考查共计6次，主要考查：
名词性从句连接词辨析；
名词性从句固定句型；
3. 名词性从句和定语从句的区别。
【备考策略】
1. 熟练掌握名词性从句连接词的用法和意义，特别是what和that的用法。
2. 熟练掌握名词性从句的固定句式和相关考点。
3. 理解名词性从句与定语从句的区别。
【命题预测】
预测2025年高考考查点：
1.主要集中在名词性从句上的连接词；
2. 仍然有可能考查名词性从句固定句型，如表语从句，it作形式主语和形式宾语。
必备基础知识：
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,在复合句中担当主语、宾语、表语和同位语。按其句法功能可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。引导名词性从句的连接词主要有以下几类:
宾语从句 主语从句 表语从句 同位语从句
动词宾语 介词宾语
连接词 that 在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用(that不表示任何含义) √ (可省略) √ (不可省略) √ (不可省略) √ (不可省略) √ (不可省略)
Whether（是否） 在从句中不作成分,只起连接作用( whether/if表"是否") √ √ √ √ √
if（是否） √(discuss后不可用) × √(it作形式主语时可用) × ×
as if（似乎） 似乎 × × × √ ×
because（因为） × × × √ ×
连接代词 who(ever),what(ever),which(ever),whose,whom(ever) 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语 √ √ √ (一般不用wh-ever连接词引导)
连接副词 when（何时）, how（何时）, where（何地）, why（为何） 在从句中作状语 √ √ √ √ √
01 宾语从句
1）宾语从句主要跟在动词、介词和某些形容词之后。
知识1 动词后接宾语从句的用法
I wish hat he would understand me. 我希望他能理解我。
Whether we can succeed depends on how well we cooperate.我们能否成功取决于我们合作得怎么样。
知识2 介词后接宾语从句的用法
一般情况下介词后只能接wh-类连接词引导的宾语从句。
He'll talk to us about what happened in the classroom.他将给我们讲述教室里发生的事情。
知识3 形容词后接宾语从句的用法
表示情感或态度的形容词后可接宾语从句。
常见的这类词有:afraid, certain, glad, pleased, sure, surprised, sorry, happy等。
I' m very glad/pleased that all of your family will come.我很高兴你们全家都会来。
特别提醒 be sure后接宾语从句时连接词的选择:
1.be sure(用于肯定句或疑问句)+that从句。
Are you sure that we' ll have a picnic this weekend 你确定我们本周末举行野餐吗
2.be sure(用于否定句)+whether/if从句。
I am not sure whether I should write to him or not.我不确定应不应该给他写信。
2）引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether，if等
连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等
连接副词：when，where，why，how等
1. 连接词that，whether，if引导
I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。
I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。
注意： whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if，但以下情况中，只能用whether。 （1）与or not紧接连用时。 Let me know whether or not you can come. 请让我知道你是否能来。 （2）作介词的宾语从句时。 We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。
2. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导
She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。
I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。
3. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导
Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗
I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。
3). 宾语从句的语序
在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。
He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。
Did you find out where she lost her car 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗
4). 宾语从句的时态
（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。
She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)
she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)
She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)
（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。
He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)
He said that he was going to take care of the baby. 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)
He said that they were having a meeting at that time. 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)
（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。
The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。
He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。
5). 动词后宾语从句的特殊用法
①动词find，feel，think，consider，make，believe，guess，suppose，assume等后有宾语补足语时，则需要用it作形式宾语，而将that宾语从句后置。
I think it necessary that we take plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的。
I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. 我每天写日记成了惯例。
②hate，like，take，owe，have，take for granted等表示＂喜欢；痛恨；认为＂的动词或动词短语和see to表示＂注意，留意＂后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语而将宾语从句后置。
I hate it when they talk with their mouth full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物说话。
When you start the engine, you must see to it that the car is in neutral. 启动发动机时，一定要使汽车的离合器处于空档位置。
③介词后的宾语从句。
She is always thinking of how she can do more for others. 她总想着如何才能为别人做得更多。
We are talking about whether we admit students into our club.
我们正在讨论是否让学生加入我们的俱乐部。
④宾语从句的否定转移。
将think，believe，suppose，expect，fancy，imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don’t think I know you. 我想我并不认识你。
I don’t believe he will come. 我相信他不会来。
doubt+宾语从句
I don't doubt that the plan is practical, but I doubt whether/if he can stick with the plan until it's finished.我不怀疑这个计划的可行性,但是我怀疑他能否坚持执行下去,直到计划完成。
宾语从句的用法速记口诀 宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。 一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。 陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替； 特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。 二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。 主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意； 主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。 三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。
【2024全国甲卷】How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。
【2024届江苏省南通市高三下学期四模】While 28traditional (tradition) shadow play often involves fancy handmade puppets and fascinating storytelling, contemporary artists have explored new techniques, pushing the boundaries of 29 is possible with shadow play. Despite the rise of digital entertainment, shadow play, a timeless tradition that goes beyond borders and generations, continues to exist 30 as a valuable art form in many parts of the world.
29．【答案】what
【解析】考查连接词。句意：虽然传统的皮影戏通常涉及花哨的手工木偶和引人入胜的故事，但当代艺术家已经探索了新的技术，推动了皮影戏可能的界限。of后接宾语从句，从句缺少主语，且结合句意可知，该主语指物，用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。
02主语从句
1.主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用it作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。
2.that引导主语从句时可用it作形式主语，that不可省；what引导的主语从句表示＂……的东西＂时，一般不用it作形式主语；whatever，whoever，whichever一般也不用it作形式主语。
That she will succeed is certain.
It is certain that she will succeed.
注意：(1)在＂It is necessary/important/strange/natural...＋that从句＂结构中，从句谓语常用＂(should＋)动词原形＂形式。
【拓展延伸】主语从句的引导词
引导词 作用 引导词 作用
that 无词义，在从句中不充当成分，但不能省略 how 多么，怎样，作方式状语或程度状语
who 谁，作主语、宾语 when 何时，作时间状语
whom 谁，作宾语 where 在哪儿，作地点状语
what 什么，可作主语、宾语、表语、定语 why 为什么，作原因状语
which 哪一个，哪些，作主语、宾语、定语 whether 是否
【特别注意】当作主语的句子太长时，为保持句子平衡，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语置后。if＂是否＂，不可直接引导主语从句(用it作形式主语时可以) 。
3. 主语从句的特殊用法
（1）主语从句与定语从句的转换
What is needed has been bought.
All that is needed has been bought.
所有需要的都被买了。
（2）几个特殊句型之间的转换
It is known to all that China has joined the WTO.
As is known to all, China has joined the WTO.
What is known to all is that China has joined the WTO.众所周知，中国已加入WTO。
4. 从句作主语时，句子谓语动词的单复数问题
(1)从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。
That they are not going to the cinema is a big surprise to us.他们不去看电影，这使我们感到很惊讶。
(2)what引导的从向作主语，谓语动词一般用单数;若从句谓语或从句后的表语是复数形式,则谓语动词常用复数。
What she said is wrong.她所说的是错误的。
What we need are books.我们所需要的是书籍。
【2021.6新高考1卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
【答案】what
【解析】1： 考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。
Li is not without criticism. Some people have expressed skepticism because it is unbelievable ______ she looks so perfect after a long day of work in the fields.
【答案】that
【解析】考查主语从句。有些人表示怀疑，因为在野外工作了一天之后，她看起来如此完美，这令人难以置信。此处是一个主语从句，it为形式主语，真正的主语为空格处引导的从句，从句不缺成分，且意义完整，故应用that。故填that。
03 表语从句和同位语从句
一、表语从句
引导表语从句的连接词主要有：
连接词：that，whether
连接代词：who，whom，whose，which，what，whoever whomever，whichever，whatever
连接副词：when，where，how，why
1. 连接词引导
The reason for his absence is that he hasn’t been informed. 他缺席的原因就是他没接到通知。
The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。
2. 连接代词和连接副词引导
The problem is who will take charge of this shop. 问题是谁将接管这家店铺。
That is when I realized the importance of journalism. 那时我才意识到新闻工作的重要性。
注意：
（1）as/as if/as though引导的表语从句常跟在特定动词后面，如seem，appear，look，taste，sound，feel等。
It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听上去好像有人在敲门。
At that time, it seemed as though I couldn’t think of the right word. 当时我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。
（2）当主句的主语是reason时，表语从句一般由that引导，这种用法常见于句型The reason why... is that...
The reason why he came late was that he got up late. 他来得晚是因为起床晚了。
2表语从句的三个易混句式
句式 用法 例句
This/'That is why+结果 意为"这那就是.....to work there. 那就是的原因"，why 引导表语从句。 That's why I want you to work there. 我想要你在那儿工作的原因。
This/That/It is because +原因 意为"这/那是因为.....，because引导表语从句。 It's just because he |doesn't know her. 这 这仅仅是因为他不认识她 。
The reason why... is that... 意为"......的原因是……”，why定语从句，修饰先行词reason, that引导表语从句。 The reason why he didn't come was that it was raining heavily.他没有来的原因是 (当时)雨下得很大。
二、同位语从句
知识1 同位语从句前名词的特殊性
同位语从句前的名词通常是fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等表示抽象意义的名词, 同位语从句用于对这些名词作进一步的解释或说明。
She has to face up to the fact that she is no longer young.她必须正视自己不再年轻这一事实。
The question whether he will join us is very important.他是否会加入我们这个问题很重要。
知识2 分割式同位语从句
有时主句的谓语较短,而同位语从句内容较长,为避免"头重脚轻",常常将谓语部分提到从句前面,形成分隔式同位语从句。
My wish will come true one day that I should buy a big house for my parents.我要给父母买一套大房子的愿望总有一天会实现。
Word came that our school had won first prize in the final.消息传来说,我们学校已经在决赛中获得了一等奖。
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They also need to be ready to give ___41_interviews__ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.
【42题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
【2024届福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三5月模拟联考】Traditional martial arts have brought a concrete and natural way of life in line with their inner selves. They are 30 young people and traditional Chinese culture blend (融合).
【答案】where
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他们是年轻人和中国传统文化融合的地方。引导表语从句，从句缺少地点状语，故填where。
04名词性从句连接词的辨析
1）what 与that引导名词性从句的区别
that在从句中不充当句子成分,也没有含义;what在从句中可以作主语、表语、宾语和定语,意思是"什么,……的事情,什么样的"。
That he failed in the test again really puzzled us.他又一次没通过考试,这真让我们感到迷惑不解。(that在主语从句中不作成分,不可以省略)
These photographs will show you what our village looks like.这些照片将向你展示我们村的面貌。(what在宾语从句中作介词like的宾语)
We haven't decided what measures we should take to deal with the noise problem.我们还没有决定应该采取什么措施来解决噪声问题。(what在宾语从句中作定语)
2）whether 与if
(1)whether和if在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用whether。
It all depends on whether they will come back.
(2)后面直接跟or not 时用whether。
I didn’t know whether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.
(3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用whether。
Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.
The question is whether they have so much money.
(4)whether可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if则不能。
We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.
(5)whether常与or连用表示一种选择，if不能这样用；whether也可与动词不定式连用但if不能。
The question of whether they are male or female is not important.
I have not decided whether to go or not.
(6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用whether不用if。
Thank you，but whether I’ll be free I’m not sure at the moment.
(7)whether可引导一个让步状语从句表示＂不管＂、＂无论＂，而if不能。
Whether he comes or not，we will begin our party on time.
3）wh-与wh-ever引导名词性从句的区别
(1)疑问词＋ever可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。
Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.
You can choose whatever you like in the shop.
(2)疑问词＋ever还可引导让步状语从句。
Whoever breaks the rule，he must be punished.
Whatever you do，you must do it well.
(3)no matter＋疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。
No matter what you do，you must put your heart into it.
No matter who comes late，he must be punished.
4）when和where引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。
when 和where前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则when和where引导的是定语从句，否则则为同位语从句。
They put forward the question where they could get the money.(同位语从句)
This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)
1.【2022 年 1 月 浙 江 卷，62】Cobb, for her part, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed.
【答案及解析】whether/if。此题考查宾语从句，句中的 could do so remotely 和 agreed 暗示空格处表示“是否”，通过分析句子成分可知，该空在 ask 后面的宾语从句中作宾语，故填 whether/if。句意：对 Cobb 来说，她开始询问邀请她发言的会议组织者，她是否可以远程发言；大约四分之三的时间，他们同意了。
1.【2024届湖北省武汉市华中师范大学第一附属中学高三下学期五月模拟】An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is 14 makes fireworks flash in pretty colours and fun shapes. The images they make depend on the placement of these compounds inside the shell of the firework.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：火药和化学化合物的爆炸性混合物使烟花闪烁出美丽的颜色和有趣的形状。空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用what引导。故填what。
2.【2024届炎德英才联考湖南省雅礼中学模拟】He elaborates, “In recognition of individual preferences, we have curated the very lineup (阵容) 39 represents diverse music genres such as pop and rock.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：他解释说：“考虑到个人喜好，我们精心策划了代表流行和摇滚等多种音乐类型的阵容。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 lineup (阵容)，前面被 the very 修饰，只用that不用which。故填 that。
（最新模拟试题演练）
1.【2024届四川省攀枝花市高三下学期第三次统一考试】 Three universities in Australia have adopted 2 seems like a landmark policy.
2．考查宾语从句。句意：澳大利亚的三所大学采取了一项似乎具有里程碑意义的政策。引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what。故填what。
2.【2024届内蒙古自治区赤峰市赤峰市三模】Active 6,500 to 5,000 years ago, the Hongshan Culture extended throughout a 200,000-square-kilometer area of 42 is today the West Liaohe River Basin.
42．考查宾语从句。句意：红山文化活跃于6500年至5000年前，横跨今天的西辽河流域，面积达20万平方公里。空处引导名词性从句作of的宾语，宾语从句缺少主语，结合句意可知，主语指物，应用连接代词what作引导词。故填what。
3.【2024届河南省通义大联考高三下学期最后一卷】It remains a challenge to be the best and I need that, too. 53 is coming is coming.”
53．考查主语从句。句意：该来的总会来。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物应用what。首字母大写。故填What。
4.【2024届河南省通义大联考高三下学期最后一卷】This is obvious 59 Man City lost the two Premier League matches which De Bruyne didn’t participate in, scoring none, and it 60 (be) De Bruyne himself contributing a whole lot to save Man City from being slashed by Real Madrid.
59．考查表语从句。句意：这是显而易见的，因为曼城输掉了德布鲁因没有参加的两场英超比赛，一球未进，而正是德布鲁因自己为拯救曼城而做出了很大的贡献。引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，用because。故填because。
60．考查时态。句意：这是显而易见的，因为曼城输掉了德布鲁因没有参加的两场英超比赛，一球未进，而正是德布鲁因自己为拯救曼城而做出了很大的贡献。根据上文didn’t可知，为一般过去时，主语为it，谓语用单数。故填was。
5.【2024届辽宁省重点高中协作校联考高三下学期4月高考模拟】Perhaps that is 3 it gradually replaced pottery in history.
3．考查表语从句。句意：也许这就是它在历史上逐渐取代陶器的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句句意完整，用连接副词引导，根据句意，表达“……的原因”之意，用why引导。故填why。
6.【2024届广东省广州市天河区高三下学期三模】According to the theory, 7 (spend)20 minutes in a park daily helps to reduce stress, regardless of 8 people exercise in it or simply take a walk.
7.【答案】spending
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。spend作主语，用动名词形式，故填spending。
8．【答案】whether
【解析】考查从属连词。句意：根据这一理论，无论人们是在公园里锻炼还是只是散步，每天在公园里呆20分钟都有助于减轻压力。介词of后接宾语从句，whether…or…“无论是……还是……”，符合语境。故填whether。
7.【2024届江苏省苏州市八校联考高三下学期三模】 In the peak seasons, many tourists come to witness the beautiful scenery of tea farms for 18 (they), while enjoying a cup of tea. There are many ways you can experience tea culture in China. You can visit a tea plantation in Hangzhou or elsewhere to learn 19 tea is grown and harvested.
18．【答案】themselves
【解析】考查代词。句意：在旺季，许多游客会来亲眼目睹茶园的美景，同时品茶。空处和主语many tourists指代相同，表示“他们自己”，应用反身代词themselves。for oneself意为“亲自”。故填themselves。
19．【答案】how
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：你可以参观杭州或其他地方的茶园，了解如何种植和收获茶叶。空处引导宾语从句，且从句缺少方式状语，应用连接代词how，表示“如何，怎样”。故填how。
8.【2024届黑龙江省部分学校高三下学期第五次模拟】I am very curious about 19 they have experienced, so I have decided to adapt this novel,” he added.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：“我对他们的经历很好奇，所以我决定改编这部小说。”他补充道。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，应用what。故填what。
9.【2024届贵州省部分学校高三下学期5月份联考】The singing in Chinese opera is an impressive aspect. In addition to singing, 4 fascinates people most is actors’ dance and acrobatics.
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：除了唱歌，最吸引人的是演员的舞蹈和杂技。空格处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，指事物，故此处应用连接代词what。故填what。
10.【2024届东北三省四校高三下学期第四次模拟】Scientists have discovered the remains of 11 appears to be an ancient sheep-drawn chariot (战车) near the famous Terracotta Army in the western tomb of Emperor Qin Shi Huang.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：科学家们在秦始皇帝陵西侧的著名兵马俑附近，发现了似乎是古代羊拉战车的遗骸。空处应填连接词what引导宾语从句，表示“什么”，在从句中作介词of的宾语，从句主语为the remains of what。故填what。
11.【2024届浙江省北斗星盟高三下学期5月阶段性考试】China now has nearly 30,000 kilometers of high speed track. Using high speed rail, 29 used to be a 34-hour journey can now be accomplished in just seven to nine hours.
【答案】what
【解析】考查主语从句。句意：使用高速铁路，过去需要34个小时的旅程现在只需要7到9个小时。引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物应用what。故填what。
12.【2024届山东省青岛市高三三模】All this is 40 makes this place a magical one-of-a-kind destination.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：所有这些都使这个地方成为了一个神奇而独特的旅游目的地。空处引导表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。
13.【2024届湖南省邵阳市高三下学期第三次联考】The early abacus used small round beads instead of long rods, 23 were comparatively clumsy.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：早期的算盘使用小圆珠而不是长杆，这是相对笨拙的。非限制性定语从句修饰上文句子，从句缺少主语，应用which。故填which。
（2024·河南·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Small changes can have large consequences. The idea came to be known as the “butterfly effect” which indicates that the beating of a butterfly’s wings might 1 (possible) cause a tornado. Tulenov Ruslan, a man from Kazakhstan, is 2 real-life example of this.
Ruslan, with the rare Rh-negative blood type 3 (refer) to as “panda blood”, 4 (donate) more than 6,000 milliliters of blood since he came to study in China in 2009. Having great 5 (admire) for China and its culture, Ruslan chose to learn Chinese at Hainan University when he was 17 years old.
This kind-hearted Kazakh man, 6 Chinese name is Lan Tian (blue sky), said it was his mother who had encouraged him many times to help others before he came to Hainan. In 2014, when a victim of a traffic accident urgently needed blood transfusion (输血), Ruslan left a comment to show his concern, 7 (add) “Lan Tian brother wishes to help you.”
Ruslan’s simple act of kindness won praise from the Chinese government. Now, Ruslan has the opportunity 8 (serve) at a provincial department in Hainan as a global media officer. “Lan Tian brother” takes 9 (impress) action to show his pure love to China and he never imagined that his rare blood type would become a symbol of friendship 10 China and his home country.
【答案】1．possibly 2．a 3．referred 4．has donated 5．admiration 6．whose 7．adding 8．to serve 9．impressive 10．between
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了拥有罕见血型“熊猫血”的哈萨克斯坦人Tulenov Ruslan 热爱中国及文化、多次在中国献血并成为中哈两国之间友谊的一个象征的故事。
1．考查词副词。句意：这个想法后来被称为“蝴蝶效应”，它表明蝴蝶翅膀的拍打可能会引起龙卷风。修饰动词cause，应用副词作状语。故填possibly。
2．考查冠词。句意：来自哈萨克斯坦的图列诺夫·鲁斯兰就是一个活生生的例子。空后为名词短语real-life example of this，在文中首次出现，且real-life的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：鲁斯兰拥有罕见的rh阴性血型，被称为“熊猫血”，自2009年来中国留学以来，他已经捐献了6000多毫升血液。句中the rare Rh-negative blood type与refer之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填referred。
4．考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：鲁斯兰拥有罕见的rh阴性血型，被称为“熊猫血”，自2009年来中国留学以来，他已经捐献了6000多毫升血液。根据状语从句since he came to study in China in 2009可知，此句应用现在完成时，Ruslan与donate之间为主动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填has donated。
5．考查名词。句意：由于对中国和中国文化的钦佩，鲁斯兰在17岁时选择在海南大学学习中文。设空处由形容词修饰，后为介词短语for China and its culture，此处应用admire的名词形式。故填admiration。
6．考查定语从句的引导词。句意：这位善良的哈萨克人，中文名蓝天，他说，在他来海南之前，他的母亲曾多次鼓励他帮助别人。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导一个非限制性定语从句，先行词为人，引导词在从句中作定语，关系词应用whose。故填whose。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：2014年，当一名交通事故受害者急需输血时，鲁斯兰在评论中表达了他的关心，并补充道:“蓝天兄弟希望帮助你。”。本句已有谓语动词left，设空处为非谓语，动词add与其逻辑主语Ruslan之间为主动关系，应用其现在分词形式作伴随状语。故填adding。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，鲁斯兰有机会在海南省的一个省级部门担任全球媒体官员。短语have the opportunity to do sth表示“有机会做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作定语。故填to serve。
9．考查形容词。句意：“蓝天兄弟”以令人印象深刻的行动向中国表达了他的纯洁之爱，他从未想到他罕见的血型会成为中国和他的祖国友谊的象征。修饰名词action，应用impress的形容词形式。故填impressive。
10．考查介词。句意：“蓝天兄弟”以令人印象深刻的行动向中国表达了他的纯洁之爱，他从未想到他罕见的血型会成为中国和他的祖国友谊的象征。表示“两个国家之间”，介词应用between。故填between。
2024年
1.【2024全国甲卷】How did the national park system come about On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in ____43____ is now northwestern Wyoming.
【答案】what
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：1870年9月中旬，在一个凉爽、繁星点点的夜晚，四个男人在火洞河边的营火前放松，这里现在是怀俄明州的西北部。后文为介词in的宾语，is前缺主语，指物，主语用what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语，故填what。
2.【2024浙江1月卷】If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ____39____ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
【39题详解】
考查名词性从句。句意：如果他们的大多数客户都乐意大量购买，那他们就会推广。在表语从句中缺少宾语，且是指事物，所以应用连接代词what。故填what。
2023年
【2023年新高考全国Ⅱ卷】They also need to be ready to give ___41___ (interview) in English with international journalists. This is ___42___ they need an English trainer.
【41题详解】
考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。
【42题详解】
考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
2022年
1.【2022年北京卷】 It’s easy to explain how we determine ____15____ smells are dangerous or not: we learn.
15.【解析】
考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：解释我们怎样确定气味是不是危险的是容易的：我们学习到的。分析句子结构可知，空格前的determine为及物动词，空格后是主+系+表的句子结构，所以空格处的词用来引导宾语从句。再结合句意及空格后句子中的or not可知，此处考查whether…or not的搭配。故填whether。
2.【2022年天津卷第二次】 Mental health involves________ you procees things such as stress and anxiety.
A. how B. what C. why D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：心理健康包括如何处理诸如压力和焦虑之类的事物。分析句子结构可知，此处为连词引导的宾语从句作谓语动词involves的宾语，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意可知，表示“如何，怎样”的连词how符合句意。故选A项。
2021年
1.【2021.6新高考1卷】Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatle's song "The Long and Winding Road". 1 is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
【答案】what
【解析】1： 考查名词性从句。分析题目，空格处无提示词。分子句子结构可知，_____is so breathing about the experience 作 is 的主语，为主语从句。从句中缺少主语，指代事情；且空格位于句首。故填What。
2．【2021年天津卷第一次】What puzzles Lily's friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether B．why C．what D．when
【答案】B
【详解】考查连接词词义辨析。句意：令Lily的朋友们感到困扰的是她为什么总是有这么多疯狂的想法。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. what什么，所…的事儿；D. when什么时间，…的时间。分析句子，该空需要一个表语从句的连接词，结合句意，应该是朋友们不明白Lily 为什么有这么多疯狂的想法。所以本句为why引导的表语从句。故选B项。
3.【2021年天津卷第二次】 It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A. when B. where C. what D. whether
【答案】C
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：似乎我已经成为了我父母希望我成为的人。动词become后面是宾语从句，从句缺少引导词，且从句中的be缺少表语，所填词应该起双重作用。故选C。
