2025年中考英语热点时文阅读--礼仪与习俗专题03(含答案解析)

2025年中考英语热点时文阅读--礼仪与习俗专题03
来源 主要内容 难易度
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一、完形填空
Dear Tom,
I’m glad to hear that you’ll come to China. You said you wanted to learn about the 1 in China. Now, let me tell you some.
China is a country with a long history and there are many customs. When you meet your friends, you should 2 each other and say “hello” instead of shaking hands frequently. When you eat at a friend’s home, you should pay attention to the 3 . You should use your right hand to hold chopsticks. It’s polite to eat all the food in your bowl. It’s best not to make noise when eating. Don’t hit bowls or plates with chopsticks. This is 4 . After dinner, the host usually makes tea for the guests. When you leave, you should say goodbye to the host politely. If your friends invite you to the party, you’d better arrive a little 5 , 5 to 10 minutes in advance. You can bring a small gift to your friends. But your friends won’t open presents immediately. This is different from other foreign countries.
When in Rome, do as the Romans do. If you obey these, I think you’ll have a great time in China.
Yours,
Li Hua
1．A．customs B．traffic C．price
2．A．help B．greet C．praise
3．A．time B．dressing C．table manners
4．A．dangerous B．impolite C．private
5．A．earlier B．later C．more safely
二、语法选择
Leaving the Garden (出花园) is a traditional coming-of-age ceremony (成人礼) in Chaoshan of Guangdong. 6 children turn 15, they usually take part in this ceremony.
But do you know 7 it is called Leaving the Garden Because Chaoshan people believe that children are protected by God. They also think that living under 8 parents’ care is like living in a garden. In 9 garden, children are protected from the sun and rain. However, as they grow up, they must leave the garden 10 the world.
On that day, children 11 to take a bath. After the bath, the children put on new clothes and red shoes. It means they walk outside of the garden 12 .
Then they 13 a big dinner with their family. 14 the end of the dinner, the children serve tea to their parents to express thanks for bringing them up. The Leaving the Garden ceremony is one of 15 historical and cultural traditions in Chaoshan. Do you want to have the ceremony, too
6．A．If B．When C．Because
7．A．why B．what C．how
8．A．they B．them C．their
9．A．a B．an C．the
10．A．face B．to face C．facing
11．A．ask B．are asked C．were asked
12．A．success B．successful C．successfully
13．A．have B．are having C．had
14．A．At B．In C．On
15．A．important B．more important C．the most important
三、阅读理解
Showing Respect for Seniors
Dads have Father’s Day. Moms have Mother’s Day. Kids have Children’s Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday Yes, they do!
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show their wishes of long life for elderly people.
There are many traditions for this festival. On that day, families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemum and zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure (治疗).
Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example, when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up. When there are several guests at the table, two hands are used. On a crowded subway or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people.
It is a traditional virtue (美德) in China to respect elderly people. That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So, Chinese people are proud of being old. Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow.
16．The Double Ninth Festival is a celebration for _________.
A．fathers B．mothers C．children D．elderly people
17．Which of the following may NOT be a tradition for the Double Ninth Festival
A．Cleaning houses.
B．Wearing the plant zhuyu.
C．Drinking chrysanthemum wine.
D．Families climbing mountains together.
18．Which is NOT the correct way to respect elderly people
A．We should offer seats to the old while taking a bus.
B．We should sit straight when the old come into a room.
C．We should use double hands to present things to the old.
D．We should introduce the oldest person first while eating at the table.
19．Why are Chinese people proud of being old
A．It means they don’t have to work for others.
B．It means they have more virtues than others.
C．It means they have knowledge and experience.
D．It means what they did in the past was meaningful.
四、请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
Chopsticks are a kind of eating tools used in Asian countries, especially in China. 20 And they are considered as a symbol of Chinese culture.
21 We have chopsticks of gold, silver, wood, bamboo, stone and so on. It was said that in ancient China, silver chopsticks were often used by kings and emperors to check whether the food was bad or harmful. In some areas in China, chopsticks are also given to a daughter as a gift when she marries because the pronunciation of word “chopsticks” in Chinese is like “quick child”. 22 Many families will choose to put new chopsticks on the table at dinner on New Year’s Eve as a way of wishing for luck.
Confucius (孔子) advised people to use chopsticks instead of knives. He thought the knives would remind people of cold weapons which mean killing and violence. 23
It’s said that using chopsticks can increase fingers’ flexibility. If we often use chopsticks at dinner, it will make our fingers do everything freely. 24 Many westerners, businessmen and tourists would choose chopsticks when eating in China.
五 阅读理解
Different countries have different ideas about how to be polite. In Britain, table manners are important. But how do you show good table manners in Britain Here is some advice.
How to sit. You should sit up straight in your chair. When you eat, don’t pick up the bowl or bring it to you. This is called very bad manners.
Noises at the table. It isn’t a good idea to make a noise at the table.
Using your fingers. Usually we don’t pick food up with our fingers when we are eating main dishes, but there are some foods that we can eat with our fingers. They are pizza, sandwiches, chips (or fries) and fruit.
Your mouth. It is not polite to talk with your mouth full of food. Please remember not to make a noise.
How much to eat. It is polite to eat all the food that you have been offered, so a clear plate (盘子) is a good plate. It shows that you enjoy the food. If you can’t finish everything and you have to leave a little, that’s okay. You could say, “That is very nice. Thank you.”
25．When you eat in Britain, you should ________.
A．pick up the bowl B．bring the bowl to you
C．sit up straight D．talk loudly
26．When ________ you can eat with your fingers.
A．you are in your own home B．you feel uncomfortable with a knife and fork
C．you are in a restaurant D．you eat foods like pizza, chips and so on
27．It’s ________ to make a noise when you are eating.
A．polite B．rude C．interesting D．exciting
28．________ shows that you like the dish.
A．Leaving a little B．Leaving a lot
C．Saying “thank you” D．Eating everything on the plate
29．What’s the best title for the passage
A．How to be polite at home B．Table manners in Britain
C．How to use your fingers D．No shouting at table
六、阅读理解
When do you become an adult The answers are different from country to country. In modern China, adulthood for both boys and girls starts at the age of 18. By the time most people reach 18, they have finished high school and are ready for university. So a person’s 18th birthday often means a celebration of both adulthood and the start of college life.
Did children in ancient China become adults at 18 In fact, boys in ancient China became adults at 20 and girls at 15. And there was a ceremony (仪式) to celebrate this time. After the ceremony, a young person could be called an “adult”.
For girls, the ceremony was called Ji Li. “Ji” is a kind of hairpin (簪子). In ancient times, only girls from rich families could have this ceremony. It was simple and didn’t take much time. Before the ceremony, a girl would tie her hair on the top of her head. At the ceremony, a woman in the family would put a hairpin on a girl’s hair. It meant she was now an adult. After the ceremony, she needed to learn a lot, like the right way to speak and dress.
For boys, the ceremony was called Guan Li. “Guan” is a kind of hat. Before the ceremony, a boy’s family often chose a lucky day and invited many guests. On that day, the boy needed to dress up. The father would wash hands and put three hats on the boy’s head, one by one. Then the boy would change into another set of clothes to go with the color of the hats. After these steps, the boy would become a “man”.
30．When did a person become an adult in ancient China
A．At the age of 18 for both boys and girls. B．At the age of 18 for boys and 15 for girls.
C．At the age of 20 for boys and 18 for girls.D．At the age of 20 for boys and 15 for girls.
31．What can we infer (推测) from the passage
A．People saw a boy’s Guan Li as an important celebration.
B．On a boy’s Guan Li, the father put three hats on his son’s head.
C．All boys and girls had a ceremony to celebrate their being an adult.
D．People expected boys to speak and dress in a right way after they grew up.
32．In which part of a magazine can you most probably read this article
A．Life and health. B．History and culture.
C．Business world. D．National news.
七、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever wondered what to do when you first meet someone When you hear it, you may first think of shaking hands. But do you know how to shake hands politely and correctly 33
Know when to start
The person in a higher position or age should be the first one to reach out a hand. For example, if you are interviewing for a job, the interviewer should be the one to take the lead. In this way, he will be considered polite by the interviewee.
34
If you are sitting, stand up before holding out your hand. This shows respect (尊重) to the other person. Make eye contact (接触) and offer a sincere smile to show that you are happy to be there. This will also create a good communication environment for each other.
The handshake should last about 2-5 seconds
35 You could follow the lead of the other person. If the other person continues holding onto your hand longer than five seconds, politely withdraw (撤回) your hand.
Pay attention to your other hand
Most people use their right hands unless they have a reason to use the left. 36 You should also avoid doing other things that attract people’s eyes, because this appears impolite in most people’s eyes and cultures.
Shake hands in an up-and-down direction
It is important to choose the right direction of shaking hands. 37 Don’t swing the other person’s hand more than three times, or the greeting may make the other person uncomfortable.
八 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
Whether you’re traveling to a foreign country for business, pleasure or study, it’s important to know about its customs. The followings are some things you can’t do in certain foreign countries.
Never wear shorts.
People don’t wear shorts in public in some European countries. 38 To show respect (尊重) for their culture, you’d better dress properly.
Never enter a house with your shoes on.
In some Asian countries like Japan and Thailand, you should take off your shoes before entering a house. 39
Never talk with your hands in your pocket (口袋).
In Germany, don’t talk with your hands in your pocket. 40
Never touch people with your left hand.
In some parts of the world, including India and the Middle East, you should never touch anyone with your left hand. 41 So don’t use your left hand to greet someone, exchange money or pick up things.
It’s always best to be well-prepared before you travel abroad. Don’t let a simple misunderstanding mess up your vacation.
九 阅读理解
Chinese love to invite friends to their homes for dinner. Usually they cook as many special dishes as they can. So it is important to know about some Chinese table manners.
Table seating is always the most important part. At a formal dinner, the host prepares enough seats for the guests. The important people usually sit at the main seats. They are at the northern side of the table or directly face the door to the room. What about the seat of the left and right hand side of the main seat The closer a person sits to the main seat, the more respected he is.
Once the guests are seated, the host proposes a toast (祝酒) to the guests by saying “After me is my respect (先干为敬).” Then the host and guests empty their glasses. The Chinese toast with the word ganbei (bottoms up), and some other toasts can be offered, “Toast to your health” “Toast to our friendship.”
What do you have to pay attention to at mealtimes
· When the dishes are served, you need to wait for the elders, leaders and guests to try the dishes first.
· Choose dishes that are close to you. Don’t reach to get the food on the opposite side.
· Help people to dish with serving chopsticks. And never help people to dish with your used chopsticks.
· After the meal, the host should wait until the guests leave. As a guest, you should show your thanks to the host again.
42．Where do the important people usually sit
A．At the northern side of the table. B．At the door to the room.
C．Directly face the seat of the host’s. D．Directly face the main seat.
43．Who are supposed to try the dishes first at mealtimes at home
A．The host. B．The youngest.
C．The elders. D．The ladies.
44．What is the proper word in the sentence “Choose dishes that are c... to you.”
A．Curious. B．Common.
C．Comfortable. D．Close.
十 阅读理解
Do you remember a time when people were a little nicer, a little softer with each other I certainly do, and I feel that much of the world has got away from that. I see such a difference in New York City, for example, from the time I first moved here more than 20 years ago: people now rush into lifts without giving those inside a chance to get off first, never say “thank you” when others hold a door open for them, or “please” when they want a classmate to hand them something. We get lazy, and we think that something like a simple “thank you” doesn’t really matter. But in fact it can matter much. It is that no matter how nicely we dress, how beautifully we decorate our homes, or how lovely our dinner parties are, we can’t be really stylish (漂亮的) without good manners.
In fact, I think of good manners as a kind of hidden beauty. Haven’t you noticed that the kindest, most generous people seem to keep getting more beautiful They become Cary Grant or Lauren Bacall right before our eyes. It’s funny how that happens, but it does.
Take the long-lost art of saying “thank you” for example. Like wearing a little lipstick (口红) or making sure your hair is neat (整洁的), getting into the habit of saying “thank you” can make you feel better about yourself, and then you will look better to everyone around you.
45．The writer found that people in New York City were ________ 20 years ago.
A．much more beautiful B．not polite to each other
C．too lazy to do any work D．very polite to each other
46．The writer thinks that ________.
A．good manners are still with us B．a simple “think you” doesn’t matter much
C．good manners are a kind of beauty D．without good manners one will be lazy
47．According to the second paragraph, we can guess that Cary Grant must be ________.
A．really stylish B．very lazy C．quite funny D．rather foolish
48．From the passage, we know that saying “thank you” is a kind of ________.
A．art B．fun C．secret D．generosity (慷慨)
49．The main idea of the last paragraph is ________.
A．we should get on well with everyone around
B．one should make it a habit to be polite to others
C．to make ourselves look beautiful or nice is very important
D．wearing lipstick or making hair neat can make you feel better
十一 阅读理解
Different countries have different rules on doing business. When there is a chance for you to go abroad for a business purpose, it is best to be clear about the rules and customs. 50 In Brazil
Brazilians are warm and friendly. They often stand close when talking and it is common for them to touch the person on the shoulder. People often greet each other (especially women) with light kisses.
51 Business meetings sometimes start later than planned. But to be safe, be on time. Meals can last for hours―there’s no such thing as rushing a meal in Brazil. Brazilians are social, preferring face-to-face communication to mails or phone calls.In Singapore
Singaporeans shake hands when they meet and often also greet each other with a small, polite bow. Business cards should be offered and received with two hands. 52 This is because arriving late is considered impolite.In Switzerland
The Swiss call each other by their last name. They are also respectful of private lives. 53
For example, asking about a lady’s age or how much they make a month is seen impolite. Being on time is required. Arrive at any meeting or event a few minutes early to be safe. They also have clear structure in their companies. Higher-ups make the final decisions, even if others might disagree.
54 They keep their hands be seen at the table and their arms off the table. It is polite to finish the food on your plate.
Please remember, when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
阅读短文，把A—E五个句子填入文中空缺处，使短文内容完整。
十二 根据短文内容，从短文后的五个选项中选出能够填入短文空白处的最佳选项。
Gift-giving is an important part of all human societies. Gifts can express how we feel, but they can also pass on messages that we didn’t plan to give. So gift-giving manners in any culture should be dealt with carefully.
In some cultures that think highly of gift-giving, there is a ritual (仪式) in the giving and receiving of gifts. In Japan, for example, gifts are both given and received using both hands. The giver says something like “It isn’t much, but I want to show my appreciation (感激)”. 55 Then the receiver will accept the gift and put it away to be opened later.
The choice of gifts is important, naturally, and in some cultures it’s easy to offend (冒犯) a person by giving the wrong gift. 56 For example, a gift of a knife in Brazil or an umbrella in China might be seen as the ending of a relationship.
The relationship between the giver and the receiver can also tell us what kind of gift is suitable. For example, in the United States, gifts such as perfume (香水) are only given to women by boyfriends or husbands. 57
Although the culture of gift-giving is different from one society to another, they all have an idea in common: In any country, when choosing gifts we must always consider the message we wish to show with the gift and think about whether or not it is suitable for the receiver. 58 Your gift will be valued if it shows consideration and respect for the receiver’s culture.
十三 阅读短文，根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
When two people meet, there are a lot of ways of greeting. 59
In China and America, two people are usually supposed to greet each other with a handshake. It is a way to show respect to the other person. 60 When they meet each other, they might only wave, or maybe just nod their heads.
61 In the greeting two people press their noses and foreheads together and close their eyes. This is an old tradition that comes from the Maori who were the first people to live in New Zealand. Even today, many New Zealanders still press their foreheads when they meet.
62 In some countries, important people used to wear special rings. It was the custom for visitors to kiss these rings when they came for a meeting. In France, when people meet, they sometimes kiss each other on the face.
Today, new ways of greeting are created all the time. People can do this with a quick “hi”, a handshake, or even a simple smile. 63
十四、短文填空
阅读短文，根据语篇要求填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Dear Jack,
I heard you are interested in Longtaitou (the Dragon Head Raising Day). I’m glad 64 know you are interested in Chinese culture. Now let me introduce Longtaitou to you.
This special day is on the second day of the second month in the Chinese lunar calendar. It stands 65 the start of spring and farming. This year, the day falls on March 11th.
The dragon is important in Chinese culture. People believed 66 with the help of the dragon, they could have a good harvest in autumn. Also, people eat special foods on that day. The foods are usually named after dragons. For example, people eat “dragon whisker (细须)” noodles and dumplings called “dragon teeth”.
So far, many customs 67 disappeared. But one that has remained is the cutting of hair. 68 was said that a haircut during the first lunar month may bring bad luck to the mother’s brothers. So many people have their hair cut on the Dragon Head Raising Day.
Chinese culture is so attractive, right Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Liang
十五 根据下面短文内容及部分首字母提示，在短文的空格处填上一个最恰当的词，使短文完整、通顺。
For hundreds of years, people have been taught to mind their manners, whether that means taking their elbows off the table or not talking with a mouthful of food. But manners are always 69 . About 100 years ago, children weren’t supposed to speak unless an adult spoke to them first. But now it’s quite different, and young people can make their voices heard in school, at home, and in public. Good manners in one place can be bad manners in 70 . For example, in the US, making eye contact is polite, but in parts of Africa and South America, it can be rude. Some people say manners show respect for others, but others think they’re just old-fashioned and unnecessary rules. What do you think Is it important to have good manners
Yes! Manners are a form of k 71 .
Good manners cost nothing but really pay off. Being polite shows you care about other people’s feelings. Studies show 72 someone is kind to us, it gives out a feel-good chemical in our brains called oxytocin. The chemical causes us to be kind back. In other words, well-mannered people make the world a h 73 place — and it seems everyone really enjoys themselves.
No! People should be themselves.
Manners put pressure on people to behave in a way that might not reflect how they really 74 . If someone says “thank you” or “sorry” when they don’t mean it, they’re not being polite—they’re just pretending to be nice. It’s better to be honest. Besides, “good manners” don’t always make sense in modern times. For example, keeping your elbows 75 the table started in the Middle Ages, when people crowded around tables that turned over easily. Manners once showed how knowledgeable and rich people were, but today, that’s not a big deal 76 , so it doesn’t matter what fork you use as long as you’re kind and considerate to others.
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试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案：
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A
1．句意：你说你想了解中国的风俗。
customs风俗；traffic交通；price价格。根据“China is a country with a long history and there are many customs”可知是了解中国的风俗。故选A。
2．句意：当你遇到朋友时，你应该互相问候，说“你好”，而不是频繁握手。
help帮助；greet问候；praise赞扬。根据“each other and say ‘hello’”可知是问候朋友。故选B。
3．句意：当你在朋友家吃饭时，你应该注意餐桌礼仪。
time时间；dressing穿衣；table manners餐桌礼仪。根据“When you eat at a friend’s home,”可知吃饭的时候要注意餐桌礼仪。故选C。
4．句意：这样做不礼貌。
dangerous危险的；impolite不礼貌的；private私人的。根据“Don’t hit bowls or plates with chopsticks”可知用筷子敲碗和盘子不礼貌。故选B。
5．句意：如果你的朋友邀请你参加派对，你最好提前一点到，提前5到10分钟。
earlier更早；later更晚；more safely更安全地。根据“5 to 10 minutes in advance”可知要早一点到。故选A。
6．B 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．C 13．A 14．A 15．C
6．句意：当孩子们满15岁时，他们通常会参加这个仪式。
If如果；When当……时；Because因为。根据“children turn 15, they usually take part in this ceremony”可知，孩子们满15岁时，可以参加成人礼，故选B。
7．句意：但是你知道它为什么叫出花园吗？
why为什么；what什么；how怎么样。根据“Because”可知，此空应填why，故选A。
8．句意：他们还认为生活在父母的照顾下就像生活在花园里一样。
they他们，主格；them他们，宾格；their他们的，形容词性物主代词。此空修饰parents’ care，应填形容词性物主代词，故选C。
9．句意：在花园里，孩子们不受日晒雨淋。
a一个，用于辅音音素开头前；an一个，用于元音音素开头前；the这个/那个。空格后“garden”在前文有提到，所以此空应填the表示特指，故选C。
10．句意：然而，随着他们长大，他们必须离开花园去面对世界。
face动词原形；to face动词不定式；facing动名词。根据“they must leave the garden…the world”可知，离开花园的目的是为了面对世界，用动词不定式作目的状语，故选B。
11．句意：在那一天，孩子们被要求洗澡。
ask动词原形；are asked一般现在时被动语态；were asked一般过去时被动语态。此段用的是一般现在时，且主语children与动词ask之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B。
12．句意：这意味着他们成功地走出了花园。
success成功，名词；successful成功的，形容词；successfully成功地，副词。此空修饰动词walk，应填副词，故选C。
13．句意：然后他们和家人一起吃一顿丰盛的晚餐。
have动词原形；are having现在进行时；had动词过去式。此句是一般现在时，根据they可知，动词用原形，故选A。
14．句意：在晚餐结束时，孩子们向他们的父母敬茶，以表达对抚养他们的感谢。
At后接具体时刻；In后接某年某月某季节；On后接具体一天。at the end of “在……结束时”，固定搭配，故选A。
15．句意：出花园是潮汕最重要的历史文化传统之一。
important形容词原级；more important形容词比较级；the most important形容词最高级。one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词，表示“最……之一”，故选C。
16．D 17．A 18．B 19．C
16．细节理解题。根据第二段“The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China.”可知重阳节对于中国的老人来说是一个特殊的日子。故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据第三段“On that day, families get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine (菊花酒) and wear a plant called zhuyu to celebrate it.”可知，在那一天，家人聚在一起，爬山以求好运，希望老年人能活得更长。他们还喝菊花酒，并佩戴一种名为茱萸的植物来庆祝。没有提到打扫房子，故选A。
18．细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, when an older person enters a room, everyone stands up.”可知，当一个老年人进入一个房间时，每个人都站起来。故选B。
19．细节理解题。根据最后一段“That’s because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from.”可知，中国人以老为荣是因为这意味着他们有知识和经验。故选C。
20．E 21．B 22．C 23．F 24．D
20．根据“Chopsticks are a kind of eating tools used in Asian countries, especially in China”和“And they are considered as a symbol of Chinese culture.”可知，本段文字大概介绍了一下筷子，E选项 “它们是一对形状和长度都相同的木棍” 符合语境。故选E。
21．根据“We have chopsticks of gold, silver, wood, bamboo, stone and so on.”可知，此处是介绍筷子的材质，选项B “筷子可以由不同的材料制成” 符合语境。故选B。
22．根据“In some areas in China, chopsticks are also given to a daughter as a gift when she marries because the pronunciation of word ‘chopsticks’ in Chinese is like ‘quick child’ ”可知，当女儿结婚时，筷子也被当作礼物送给她，其发音与 “快子” 类似，代表着 “早生贵子”，C选项 “他们希望能很快有个孩子”符合语境。故选C。
23．根据“Confucius (孔子) advised people to use chopsticks instead of knives. He thought the knives would remind people of cold weapons which mean killing and violence.”可知，孔子认为刀会让人们想起冷兵器，因此建议人们使用筷子，选项F “所以他建议在餐桌上使用木制筷子” 符合语境。故选F。
24．根据“If we often use chopsticks at dinner, it will make our fingers do everything freely.”可知，使用筷子会增强手指的灵活性，从而提高大脑的能力，选项D “一些专家还认为它可以提高记忆力” 符合语境。故选D。
25．C 26．D 27．B 28．D 29．B
25．细节理解题。根据“You should sit up straight in your chair.”可知，在英国吃饭时应该坐直。故选C。
26．细节理解题。根据“there are some foods that we can eat with our fingers. They are pizza, sandwiches, chips (or fries) and fruit.”可知，吃披萨、三明治、薯条和水果可以用手。故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据“It is not polite to talk with your mouth full of food. Please remember not to make a noise.”可知，吃饭时发出声音是不礼貌的，即粗鲁的。故选B。
28．细节理解题。根据“It is polite to eat all the food that you have been offered, so a clear plate (盘子) is a good plate. It shows that you enjoy the food.”可知，吃完盘子里的所有东西表明喜欢这道菜。故选D。
29．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了英国的餐桌礼仪。故选B。
30．D 31．A 32．B
30．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In fact, boys in ancient China became adults at 20 and girls at 15.”可知，古代中国的男孩在20岁成年，女孩在15岁成年。故选D。
31．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“For boys, the ceremony was called Guan Li. ‘Guan’ is a kind of hat. Before the ceremony, a boy’s family often chose a lucky day and invited many guests.”可知，对于男孩来说，在冠礼之前，男孩的家人通常会选择一个吉日并邀请许多客人。由此可知，人们将男孩的冠礼视为一个重要的庆祝活动。故选A。
32．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了古代中国和现代中国成年的不同标准以及古代中国男孩和女孩成年仪式的不同，属于历史和文化范畴。故选B。
33．G 34．D 35．B 36．C 37．F
33．根据下文中的“Know when to start” “The handshake should last about 2-5 seconds”和“Shake hands in an up-and-down direction”可知，后文主要介绍如何握手的方法。选项G“以下是一些帮助你学习如何正确握手的方法。”符合语境。故选G。
34． 根据本段中的“If you are sitting, stand up before holding out your hand.”和“Make eye contact and offer a sincere smile to show that you are happy to be there.”可知，如果你是坐着的，在伸出手之前先站起来，要有眼神交流。选项D“站起来看着对方的眼睛。”可作为本段小标题。故选D。
35．根据本段小标题“The handshake should last about 2-5 seconds”可知，握手应该持续2-5秒。选项B“大多数人更喜欢简短的握手。”符合语境。故选B。
36．根据本段小标题“Pay attention to your other hand”和空前一句“Most people use their right hands unless they have a reason to use the left”可知，大多数人使用右手，除非他们有理由使用左手。选项C“不要把左手放在口袋里。”符合语境。故选C。
37．根据空前一句“It is important to choose the right direction of shaking hands”可知，选择正确的握手方向很重要。F项“握手时不应该前后或左右移动。”符合语境。故选F。
38．E 39．C 40．B 41．A
38．根据“People don’t wear shorts in public in some European countries.”可知此处讲不能穿短裤在公开场合，选项E“穿短裤意味着你不在乎当地的习俗。”进一步介绍穿短裤的坏处，故选E。
39．根据“Never enter a house with your shoes on.”可知此处讲到进入别人房子时要脱鞋，选项C“在室内穿鞋被认为是不整洁和不礼貌的。”符合语境，故选C。
40．根据“In Germany, don’t talk with your hands in your pocket.”可知此处介绍说话时不要手插口袋，选项B“吃饭时你应该把手放在桌子上。”进一步阐述手应该放的位置，故选B。
41．根据“In some parts of the world, including India and the Middle East, you should never touch anyone with your left hand”可知此处指用左手触碰别人被认为是不礼貌，选项A“在这些地方，左手被认为是不洁的。”与左手有关，故选A。
42．A 43．C 44．D
42．细节理解题。根据“The important people usually sit at the main seats. They are at the northern side of the table or directly face the door to the room.”可知，重要人物通常坐在主座上，这些座位位于桌子的北侧或直接面对房间的门。故选A。
43．细节理解题。根据“When the dishes are served, you need to wait for the elders, leaders and guests to try the dishes first.”可知，当菜肴端上来时，你需要等待长辈、领导或客人先吃。故选C。
44．细节理解题。根据“Choose dishes that are close to you. Don’t reach to get the food on the opposite side.”可知，选择靠近你的菜肴，不要伸手去拿对面的食物。恰当的词是close。故选D。
45．D 46．C 47．A 48．A 49．B
45．推理判断题。根据“for example, from the time I first moved here more than 20 years ago: people now rush into lifts without giving those inside a chance to get off first, never say ‘thank you’ when others hold a door open for them, or ‘please’ when they want a classmate to hand them something.”可知现在的人不让电梯里的人先下就冲进电梯，别人帮忙开门时不说“谢谢”，想让同学拿东西也不说“请”；由此推知20年前的人比现在的人更懂礼貌。故选D。
46．细节理解题。根据“In fact, I think of good manners as a kind of hidden beauty.”可知作者认为好的礼貌是一种美。故选C。
47．推理判断题。根据“Haven’t you noticed that the kindest, most generous people seem to keep getting more beautiful They become Cary Grant or Lauren Bacall right before our eyes.”可推知Cary Grant一定很漂亮。故选A。
48．细节理解题。根据“Take the long-lost art of saying ‘thank you’ for example.”可知说“谢谢”是一门艺术。故选A。
49．段落大意题。根据“getting into the habit of saying ‘thank you’ can make you feel better about yourself, and then you will look better to everyone around you.”可知养成说“谢谢”的习惯可以让你感觉更好，然后在你周围的人眼中你会更好看，即最后一段是说我们应该养成对别人有礼貌的习惯。故选B。
50．E 51．A 52．B 53．D 54．C
50．根据上文“When there is a chance for you to go abroad for a business purpose, it is best to be clear about the rules and customs.”可知，当你有机会出国做生意时，最好清楚了解当地的规则和习俗，此处是承上启下的句子，应是指下面要介绍一些必须知道的规则和习俗；选项E“这里有一些必须知道的信息，关于一些国家的人们在做生意时的行为。”符合语境。故选E。
51．根据下文“Business meetings sometimes start later than planned.”可知，商务会议有时会比计划晚开始，所以此处是指在巴西人们对时间比较宽松；选项A“更重要的是，他们对时间很放松。”符合语境。故选A。
52．根据下文“This is because arriving late is considered impolite.”可知，迟到被认为是不礼貌的，所以此处是指要守时；选项B“你应该总是准时的。”符合语境。故选B。
53．根据上文“They are also respectful of private lives.”可知，在瑞士，人们也尊重私人生活；选项D“你应该注意不要询问个人信息。”符合语境。故选D。
54．根据下文“They keep their hands be seen at the table and their arms off the table.”可知，他们把手放在桌子上，手臂不要放在桌子上；此处谈到了餐桌礼仪；选项C“那里的人也很注重餐桌礼仪。”符合语境。故选C。
55．C 56．A 57．D 58．B
55．根据“Then the receiver will accept the gift and put it away to be opened later.”可知，然后，接收者将接受礼物，说明之前他可能是拒绝接受礼物，选项C“接收者的人会拒绝一两次，但送礼者会坚持”符合语境。故选C。
56．根据“a gift of a knife in Brazil or an umbrella in China might be seen as the ending of a relationship.”可知介绍的是礼物的象征意义，选项A“送礼者必须考虑礼物的象征”符合语境。故选A。
57．根据“The relationship between the giver and the receiver can also tell us what kind of gift is suitable. For example, in the United States, gifts such as perfume (香水) are only given to women by boyfriends or husbands.”可知此处介绍的是送礼者和接收者之间的关系会影响送礼，在美国，香水只能由男朋友或丈夫送给女士，选项D“如果一个女人从她的朋友或亲戚那里收到这样的礼物，可能会被认为很奇怪”符合语境。故选D。
58．根据“In any country, when choosing gifts we must always consider the message we wish to show with the gift and think about whether or not it is suitable for the receiver.”可知在任何国家，在选择礼物时，我们都必须考虑我们希望用礼物表达的信息，并考虑它是否适合接收者，选项B“在选择礼物之前，千万不要忘记遵循这一点”符合语境。故选B。
59．D 60．F 61．C 62．A 63．E
59．根据上文“When two people meet, there are a lot of ways of greeting.”可知，当两个人见面时，有很多问候方式；结合下文内容可知，此处是一句承上启下的句子，不同的国家，问候的方式是不同的；选项D“在不同的国家，打招呼的方式并不总是相同的。”符合语境。故选D。
60．根据上文“In China and America, two people are usually supposed to greet each other with a handshake.”和下文“When they meet each other, they might only wave, or maybe just nod their heads.”可知，此处介绍美国人不总是握手，大多数美国人在见到他们认识的人时不握手；选项F“然而，美国人在与熟悉的人见面时不握手。”符合语境。故选F。
61．根据下文“In the greeting two people press their noses and foreheads together and close their eyes. This is an old tradition that comes from the Maori who were the first people to live in New Zealand.”可知，此处是指新西兰人的一种特别的顶鼻问候方式；选项C“在新西兰，有一种特殊的问候方式叫做‘Hongi’。”符合语境。故选C。
62．根据下文“In some countries, important people used to wear special rings. It was the custom for visitors to kiss these rings when they came for a meeting.”可知，此处介绍亲吻这种打招呼方式；选项A“有时候亲吻也是一种打招呼的方式。”符合语境。故选A。
63．根据上文“People can do this with a quick ‘hi’, a handshake, or even a simple smile.”可知，人们问候对方时，用的一些对方能领会的、简单的方式，如快速的“嗨”、握手，甚至是一个简单的微笑等；选项E“重要的是他们问候的人能理解他们。”符合语境。故选E。
64．to 65．for 66．that 67．have 68．It
64．句意：我很高兴知道你对中国文化感兴趣。be glad to do sth.“很高兴做某事”，不定式作状语。故填to。
65．句意：它代表春天和农业的开始。根据“It stands ... the start of spring and farming.”可知，“二月二”代表春天的开始，stand for“代表”，固定短语。故填for。
66．句意：人们相信在龙的帮助下，他们可以在秋天有一个好收成。believe后是宾语从句，宾语从句后跟陈述句时，连接词用that，无实义。故填that。
67．句意：到目前为止，许多习俗已经消失了。根据“so far”可知，时态是现在完成时，即“have/has done”结构，主语many custons是复数，助动词用have。故填have。
68．句意：据说，在农历正月剪头发可能会给母亲的兄弟带来厄运。It is said that+从句，意为“据说”，固定句型。故填It。
69．changing 70．another/others 71．(k)indness 72．when/if 73．(h)appy/(h)appier 74．feel 75．off 76．anymore
69．句意：但是礼仪总是在变化。根据“About 100 years ago, children weren’t supposed to speak unless an adult spoke to them first. But now it’s quite different, and young people can make their voices heard in school, at home, and in public.”可知，此处表示几百年来礼仪总是在变化，结合空前are，此处是现在进行时结构，该空应用动词的ing形式，changing“改变”，构成现在进行时。故填changing。
70．句意：在一个地方的礼貌行为，在另一个地方/其他地方可能是不礼貌的。根据“Good manners in one place can be bad manners in...”可知，此处表示一个地方的礼貌行为在另一个地方或者是其他地方可能是不礼貌的，another/others“另一个/其他的”。故填another/others。
71．句意：礼仪是善良的一种形式。根据“Yes! Manners are a form of...”和首字母可知，此处表达礼貌是善良的一种形式，kindness“善良”，名词。故填(k)indness。
72．句意：研究表明，当/如果有人对我们友善时，我们的大脑会释放出一种叫做催产素的良好感觉化学物质。根据“Studies show... someone is kind to us, it gives out a feel-good chemical in our brains called oxytocin.”可知，此句表达当有人/如果有人对我们有善时我们的大脑会分泌一种让人感觉良好的化学物质，动词show后跟宾语从句，且从句包含一个时间状语从句或条件状语从句，when/if“当……时/如果”，引导时间状语从句/条件状语从句。故填when/if。
73．句意：换句话说，有礼貌的人让世界变得更快乐——而且似乎每个人都玩得很开心。根据“In other words, well-mannered people make the world a... place—and it seems everyone really enjoys themselves.”和首字母可知，破折号后面的一句话是对前句的解释，指的是似乎每个人都很享受。所以有礼貌的人使世界成为一个快乐/更快乐的地方，happy/happier“快乐/更快乐的”，形容词，修饰名词place。故填(h)appy/(h)appier。
74．句意：礼仪给人们施加压力，让他们以一种可能并不反映他们真实感受的方式行事。根据“Manners put pressure on people to behave in a way that might not reflect how they really...”可知，此处表达，礼仪会给人们增加压力或使他们以一种可能不反映他们真实感受的方式行事，结合文章的时态此处应用一般现在时，主语是they，谓语动词用原形，feel“感受”。故填feel。
75．句意：例如，把胳膊肘放在桌子外面始于中世纪，当时人们挤在容易翻倒的桌子周围。根据“For hundreds of years, people have been taught to mind their manners, whether that means taking their elbows off the table or not talking with a mouthful of food.”可知，take off“离开”，动词短语。故填off。
76．句意：礼仪曾经显示出人们的知识和财富，但今天，这已经不是什么大不了的事了，所以只要你对别人友善和体贴，你使用什么叉子都无所谓。根据“Manners once showed how knowledgeable and rich people were, but today, that’s not a big deal... so it doesn’t matter what fork you use as long as you’re kind and considerate to others.”可知，此句表达但在今天已经不是什么大事了，not...anymore“不再”，固定搭配。故填anymore。
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