第一次月考复习之语法填空20篇
（江苏各地市真题）
基础语篇巩固练
（23-24高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Sept 18,2020, the world lost one of 1 (great) pioneers of women’s rights in modern history. On that day, US Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg died at the age of 87.
In 1960, when Ginsburg applied to be a clerk at the Supreme Court,she was turned 2 just because she was a woman. This experience inspired her later efforts 3 (fight) for women’s rights. She helped many women while working as a lawyer, 4 (win) their cases and earning them greater rights
But it was her work in the Supreme Court 5 really allowed Ginsburg to make a difference. In 1996, three years after joining the court, she wrote an opinion that ended a military school’s male-only admissions policy.
She 6 (write) that any policy that doesn’t give women the equal chance to participate in society — simply 7 they are women — is illegal. After this case ended, the court stared to pay greater attention to women’s rights in future 8 (decide).
Ginsburg became a pop culture icon during her time on the court. Her image can still 9 (find) on coffee mugs and T-shirts. Her life is the subject of books, documentaries and even 10 opera. Ginsburg’s fight for equal rights for women was never-ending. This strong belief injustice for women is one of the things that has made her so well-known and beloved.
（23-24高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Southwest China, a group of grandmothers sit in front of a traditional -style house, skillfully sewing colored thread into a piece of blue cloth and 1 (occasion) bursting into waves of laughter.
Such is the scene in Hejiayan Village, Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing. These women learned the craft (手艺) as children, 2 they never expected that it 3 (bring) them together in old age, injecting some fun into their later years.
This local 4 (recover) of the craft started in 2013 when Chen Guotao, opened 5 Miao embroidery (刺绣) shop in Youyang. 6 (raise) in a rural area, Chen was keen to help fuel China’s rural boom, and in 2016, she set up the first of several embroidery workshops. They offered job opportunities to 7 (employ) female villagers who had stayed behind 8 (care) for the family while their relatives sought higher salaries elsewhere.
But the workshops are more than just workplaces. They are also social clubs for local senior citizens, most of 9 would lead rather dull lives otherwise, 10 (sit) at home with little social interaction. Sitting in the warm sunshine and enjoying the peace of embroidery, these senior citizens are now an established feature in the village.
（23-24高一下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition (展览), presenting significant projects from the past 20 years by Ma Yansong and his company MAD Architects (建筑师) 1 (host) at the Shenzhen Museum in Guangdong province in October.
The exhibition aims 2 (bring) about discussion of the interconnected relationships between cities, communities, architecture, culture, and nature through the presentation of rich content and meaningful 3 (question). It encourages the public to reflect deeply, while also inspiring 4 (they) imagination about future life and cities.
With 79 models and nearly a thousand examples of work 5 display, the exhibition reflects the lesser-known efforts 6 (make) by the company to solve technical problems. And it 7 (be) the company’s largest and most significant exhibition since it was set up.
For young architects or anyone in any professional field looking to challenge tradition, Maoffers this advice, “I’m not challenging tradition, 8 rather the way others look at tradition. Some appear to respect tradition, but in reality, they are 9 (simple) copying. In all great cultures with rich traditions, there are creative ideas 10 reflect dreams and wishes for the future. What we should draw from tradition and history is the power of creativity and the courage to see the world differently. “
（22-23高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A California woman went viral (走红) on TikTok after she posted about her pet pig named Merlin. Mina Alali 1 (buy) a small pig last year after claiming to have wanted one for her entire life. Merlin is a mini-Vietnamese potbelly pig. When he’s 2 (full) grown, he could weigh up to 80 lbs. Alali said that training Merlin to be calm 3 (be) a challenge at first—noting that she had to teach him not 4 (scream) when someone picked him up. With time, however, Merlin grew closer to his new owner. Alali takes the pet pig 5 her everywhere—in the car, on walks, to dinner with friends and even on trips to Starbucks.
In the videos on TikTok, Alali shows off her pig’s many skills and abilities. Merlin learned how to press electronic buttons 6 say “outside,” “eat” and “ice” to better communicate with his owner. He can also perform 7 (trick) such as high-fives or “sit” and “stay”—similar to a trained dog. Alali and Merlin 8 (invite) to be on the TV show “America’s Got Talent” 9 the owner declined (谢绝). She said she felt the experience would be too 10 (stress) for her pet pig, she said.
（22-23高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）短文填空
A talented British writer 1 (name) Edward Bulwer-Lytton gave a detailed 2 (describe) of life in the ancient city of Pompeii, 3 was a busy city with shops, theatres, wine bars far and wide. 4 (fortune), in August 79AD, Mount Vesuvius 5 (erupt). The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge cloud rose into the air. The citizens 6 (scare) to escape in all directions. However, almost all the people were buried 7 (live), and 8 was the city. 9 centuries, Pompeii has been uncovered, and today it looks almost the same 10 it had been before.
（22-23高一下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of young Chinese are trying to breathe new life into ancient texts about traditional music by creating 1 (origin) music and stylish music videos 2 (feature) traditional instruments. Zi De Guqin Studio has recently become famous for stylish music videos 3 all the songs are played using traditional instruments.
Guqin, a plucked seven- stringed instrument (弹拨的七弦乐器), is one of the most 4 (frequent) appearing instruments in these videos. This instrument 5 (record) in a wealth of books and materials over the centuries, with more than 3,000 guqin songs 6 (keep) in ancient texts.
The studio’s adaptations of ancient songs have grown popular among young people in China. According to the studio’s members, their success is owing 7 two main factors: the recent rise in the 8 (popular) of traditional Chinese culture and their own innovation. Traditional culture has been making an obvious revival (复兴) as more young people have 9 stronger sense of national identity.
“When making videos, we absorb some fun and interesting elements and attempt 10 (give) these works a great aesthetic (审美的) appeal in terms of visual effects,” a member of the studio said.
（22-23高一下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda, also 1 (know) as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native 2 south central China.In the past many years, the giant panda 3 (drive) out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming,deforestation and other 4 (develop). Wild population estimates vary: one estimate shows that there are about 1,590 individuals 5 (live) in the wild, while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000. Some reports also show that 6 number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.
The West first learned of the giant panda on 11 March 1869, 7 the French missionary (传教士) Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter. In 1936, Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner to bring a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. To protect the pandas, in 2012, Earthwatch Institute, a global non profit organization that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important 8 (science) research, launched a program called “On the Trail of Giant Panda”. This program, based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, allows 9 (volunteer) to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity (圈养), and help them 10 (gradual) adapt to life in the wild.
（22-23高一下·江苏常州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Due to climate change, some animals are forced to move from their habitats. What’s worse, a new study shows it will cause thousands of new viruses 1 (spread) among animals. And such spread will 2 (probable) increase the risk of new diseases 3 pass from animals to humans.
The research 4 (cover) about 3,000 kinds of animals. And the scientists created 5 model to see how these species might share viruses in the next 50 years. The study pointed to two major worldwide crises that could lead to the spread of animal-human diseases-climate change and infectious(传染性的) diseases 6 the fact that past research has looked at how the 7 (disappear) of species and wildlife trade could lead to the spread, there has been less research on/into how climate change could influence this kind of spread. “We don’t talk about climate a lot in the context of zoonoses (人畜共患病). Our study brings together the two most pressing 8 (globe) problems we have,” said Colin Carlson, a professor.
According to experts, as the climate warms up, it’s highly likely that new viruses 9 (create). Now this study provides evidence that new disease threats can be linked to climate change. Since it’s not preventable, we should take advantage of the study results and face the challenge of 10 (fight) climate change.
（22-23高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）语法填空
When I was in college, an acquaintance who had graduated a few years prior came back to visit for the weekend. As we walked around campus on Saturday night, he threw his hands into the cold Connecticut air and exclaimed, “You guys are so lucky; you live 1 minute away from all your friends. You’ll never have this again.”
At the time, I thought it was kind of sad—a 2 (grow) man pining for my life of university housing and late library nights. But his words 3 (stick) with me in the years since. “In adulthood, as people grow up and go away, friendships are the relationships most likely 4 (take) a hit,” my colleague Julie Beck wrote in 2015. The 5 (old) you get, the more effort it takes to maintain connection, because you don’t have 6 many opportunities to see your friends every day.
The writer Jennifer Senior noted last year that the fact of our choosing friendships makes them both fragile and special: “You have to continually stay involved. That you choose it is 7 gives it its value,” she wrote. But that’s also what makes friendships harder to hold on to as our lives evolve.
It’s hard but not impossible. Senior notes that when 8 comes to friendship, “we have to create occasions that force us together: weekly phone calls, friendship anniversaries or road trips,” 9 it takes.”
“Friendship is the mare kind of relationship that remains forever available to us as we age,” Senior writes. “It’s a potential source of creativity and renewal in lives that otherwise narrow with time.” It’s something worth 10 (choose), over and over again.
（22-23高一下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Economic development is necessary in the development of society, 1 how to find and keep a balance between making economic progress and protecting cultural sites can be a big challenge. Here is an example of big challenges 2 (lead) to great solutions.
In the 1950s, in an effort to deal with the problems of floods, droughts and lack 3 electricity, the Egyptian government decided to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile. However, the 4 (propose) met with people’s protests, because that means some temples and cultural relics would 5 (destroy).
In 1959, the government sought help from the United Nations. To decrease damage, 6 committee was set up and asked for help within the 7 (globe) community. After many careful investigations and tests, experts tried to preserve the cultural relics by taking them apart and moving them to a safe place 8 they would be rebuilt. Besides, fifty countries 9 (donate) $80 million to the project, which finally proved to be a success.
This example shows the importance of working together 10 (turn) a problem to a solution. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, why not turn to the international community for help
（22-23高一下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hotel in Jinhua, Zhejiang province, recently changed 1 into a special COVID-19 facility, 2 (help)patients recover from the disease, according to media reports.
Starting on Monday, the hotel began to provide rooms for people infected with COVID-19, who would like to have self-isolation(自我隔离) 3 lacked proper conditions at home, the said. In March this year, the hotel 4 (choose) as a place to house people infected with COVID-19 for centralized isolation, but its manager said that ended on Dec 15. It made the change because it is well equipped and has the experience to treat patients with 5 (profession) services.
At present, the rooms have been 6 (most) taken up, according to the manager. The hotel 7 (prepare) N95 masks, single-use gloves and traditional Chinese medicines. If guests have any needs, they can contact room service and have supplies 8 (send)to their doorsteps by robots. Garbage is packed by guests and placed 9 their rooms.
On Monday, the government of Hangzhou called on those infected with COVID-19 10 chose to stay in a hotel to prepare enough anti-epidemic supplies, medicines and daily supplies to carry them through their isolation.
（21-22高一下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced on April 16 that the Shenzhou-13 return capsule 1 (complete) touchdown at the Dongfeng landing site in the Gobi Desert, northern China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, marking the full success of the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceflight mission.
The Shenzhou-13 manned spacecraft 2 (launch) from the country’s Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on October 16, 2021, then docked with Tianhe core module. Three astronauts entered the core module and stayed for six months, 3 (set) a new record for Chinese astronauts’ 4 (long) stay in orbit. During their time aboard, the astronauts executed two successful spacewalks 5 carried out a range of scientific experiments and technological tests. 6 (take) advantage of the mission gaps, the trio (三人小组) also conducted two space lectures for students on Earth and a series of unique popular science education and cultural communication 7 (activity).
The complete success of the Shenzhou-13 manned mission marks the completion of the key technology verification stage of the China Space Station, 8 will soon be followed by the construction stage. Hao Chun, head of the CMSA, said that 9 construction of the China Space Station is divided into two stages — the key technology verification stage and the construction stage — 10 six missions planned respectively.
（21-22高一下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Charles Darwin was born on February 12,1809. He was the British naturalist 1 became famous for his theories of 2 (evolve). Like several scientists before him, Darwin believed all the life on earth evolved over millions of years from a few common ancestor.
Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural 3 (select) holds that variation within species occurs randomly and that the survival or extinction (灭绝)of each organism 4 (determine) by that organism’s ability 5 (adapt) to its environment. He set these theories forth in his book called “The Origin of Species”, which was published in 1859. After 6 (publish) of the book. Darwin continued to write on botany, geology, and zoology until his death in 1882.
Darwin’s work had a great influence 7 religious thought. Many people strongly opposed the idea of evolution because it conflicted with their religion. Darwin avoided 8 (talk) about the theological and sociological aspects of his work, 9 other writers used his theories to support their own theories about society. Darwin was 10 a scientific man that before he made up his mind to get married, he made a careful list of the advantages and disadvantages of marriage.
（21-22高一下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In late August, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, one of the most 1 (destroy) hurricanes in American history, 2 (hit) the south-eastern parts of the country. It began on August 23, only slight damage in the beginning. But it soon grew to be a Category 5 hurricane over the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, 3 (cause) severe damage along its path.
New Orleans, a city 4 was built largely below sea level, was worst hit. In reaction to the coming hurricane, the city government gave an order to clear the city 5 all residents. 6 , many stayed in the city. Some of them chose 7 (stay) because they believed that the city’s defense system would keep them safe and sound, while others were 8 (able) to leave because they had no access to transport. The defense system finally failed. As a result, 80% of the city flooded for weeks. People 9 (stick) in the city without power, food, or drinking water, anxiously waiting for rescue.
The hurricane died away on August 31. In all, Hurricane Katrina caused nearly 2,000 10 (death), and left millions of people homeless.
（21-22高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cultural TV programmes experienced a come-back at the start of 2017. Two weeks after the conclusion of the hit show Chinese Poetry Competition 2, a new programme, Readers, has become widely popular, 1 (inspire) fresh enthusiasm for literature in China.
The weekly talk show, 2 (produce) by renowned TV personality Dong Qing, invites people from all walks of life 3 (read) aloud excerpts of poems, essays and books they like or wrote. The participants also share stories from their own life explaining why particular pieces touched their hearts or shaped their lives.
Since its first broadcast on CCTV-1, Readers has enjoyed 4 instant success and struck thousands of people. Through the poetic words, Readers has brought the 5 (lose) habit of reading aloud back into the public spotlight.
Readers is one of the culture-themed TV programmes 6 (restore) the country’s passion for literature in recent years. Its success is very 7 (encourage) in today’s television world where reality shows 8 (play) a leading part so far.
With more people 9 (reflect) on their own 10 (read) habits, the question now is: when is the last time you read a poem or book excerpts aloud
（23-24高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I visited the Musée d’Orsay, 1 is a world-famous art museum 2 (house) in an old railway building in Paris.
3 (wander) through the Impressionist gallery, I appreciated masterpieces. Two of the greatest Impressionist painters that made the deepest impression 4 me were Claude Monet and Pierre—Auguste Renoir. Monet was 5 (great) inspired by nature. It’s said that about 250 paintings by Monet including the famous piece Blue Water Lilies feature the same water lily pond, but all are in different colours and styles. Renoir preferred to paint 6 (scene) of everyday life. I 7 (strike) by the small areas of light across his 1876 masterpiece. Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette. It was the 8 (similar) of the paintings 9 impressed me deeply.
The Impressionists’ vision has inspired and influenced a lot of 10 (paint).
重难语篇拔高练
（21-22高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当得单词或括号内单词得正确形式。
Shenzhou XIII taikonauts’ six-month stay at the Tiangong space station is wrapping up. Now they face one last test of their scientific and space travel skills—returning home safely. What needs to be done before leaving 1 space station in mid-April
Besides their personal 2 (belong), astronauts also need to “pack” experimental data and samples, so they can be further researched on Earth. And they have to tidy up a large number of materials, 3 (include) goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo (货物) spacecraft.
Since the space station has no room service, the three astronauts need to “clean the house” 4 (they). The waste is then put into the orbital module, which burns as it re-enters Earth’s atmosphere.
They also have to put all equipment 5 place correctly since there will be a gap of more than one month 6 the astronauts of Shenzhou XIV enter the space station. The crew members need to make sure some items, such as gym equipment, 7 (fix) to the walls to avoid floating and slipping.
Astronauts experience microgravity (微重力) for long periods of time during their stays on the space station, 8 has an effect on their bodies. This includes a loss of fluid, muscle atrophy as well as bone loss. 9 (ensure) their safe and sound return, the three taikonauts have been doing physical exercises to train their muscle for the return to Earth. 10 (base) on their in-orbit physical examinations and data, experts have customized (定制) exercise plans for each of them.
Just like a house that will be empty for a long time must have its water and power switched off, taikonauts need to check everything before they leave.
（23-24高一下·江苏淮安·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Medicine Food
Medicine food is 1 unique cooking style in Chinese cuisine. It is a perfect combination (合并) of Chinese cooking and traditional Chinese medicine to get the effects of health keeping. It is a skillful application of the yin and yang (阴阳) theory 2 (strength) the function of food and herbs.
The Chinese sort each type of vegetable and meat in terms of yin and yang, and combine vegetables with meat, 3 will make each cooked dish balanced.
During the 5th century BC, cooks created cuisines with medical values and developed Chinese art of cooking, 4 (use) the nature of food to balance the diet. There were rules on how to arrange daily diet and lists of certain herbs and vegetables beneficial 5 the body.
By the Song dynasty, 6 was recorded that many diseases could be cured through proper diet. Different foods were sorted according to their original mature. Cold foods 7 (believe) to remove fever whale warm foods reduce running noses.
Knowing the nature of individual foods 8 (enable) the Chinese to eat right food to protect 9 (vary) of inside organs and balance the yin and yang of the body. For example, sour food eases some disorders. 10 (slight) sweet food relieves illness related to the veins and bitter food helps to cure an overheated body.
（21-22高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）语法填空
As the largest rainforest, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role 1 maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. The Amazon River, from 2 the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6, 400 kilometres in 3 (long) — roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. The forest’s different 4 (level) provide food and shelter for an unbelievable 5 (vary) of wildlife. More 6 1, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the Amazon rainforest’s plant life. The Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species 7 can be used for food or medicine. Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest 8 (disappear) due to human activities. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of 9 (extinct) becomes longer, we are 10 (leave) with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet” 第一次月考复习之语法填空20篇
（江苏各地市真题）
基础语篇巩固练
（23-24高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On Sept 18,2020, the world lost one of 1 (great) pioneers of women’s rights in modern history. On that day, US Supreme Court Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg died at the age of 87.
In 1960, when Ginsburg applied to be a clerk at the Supreme Court,she was turned 2 just because she was a woman. This experience inspired her later efforts 3 (fight) for women’s rights. She helped many women while working as a lawyer, 4 (win) their cases and earning them greater rights
But it was her work in the Supreme Court 5 really allowed Ginsburg to make a difference. In 1996, three years after joining the court, she wrote an opinion that ended a military school’s male-only admissions policy.
She 6 (write) that any policy that doesn’t give women the equal chance to participate in society — simply 7 they are women — is illegal. After this case ended, the court stared to pay greater attention to women’s rights in future 8 (decide).
Ginsburg became a pop culture icon during her time on the court. Her image can still 9 (find) on coffee mugs and T-shirts. Her life is the subject of books, documentaries and even 10 opera. Ginsburg’s fight for equal rights for women was never-ending. This strong belief injustice for women is one of the things that has made her so well-known and beloved.
【答案】
1．the greatest 2．down 3．to flight 4．winning 5．that 6．wrote 7．because 8．decisions 9．be found 10．an
【导语】这是一篇人物传记。文章主要介绍现代史上最伟大的女权先驱之一——Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg。
1．考查形容词最高级。句意：2020年9月18日，世界失去了现代史上最伟大的女权先驱之一。分析句子可知，这里考查one of后面加形容词最高级，表“最……之一”，为固定搭配。故填the greatest。
2．考查动词短语。句意：1960年，当Ginsburg申请成为最高法院书记员时，仅仅因为她是女性就被拒绝了。分析句子可知，这里考查turn down，表“拒绝”，为固定搭配，符合句意。故填down。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这段经历激发了她后来为争取妇女权利所作的努力。分析句子可知，这里考查不定式作后置定语，表示“为争取妇女权利所作的努力”修饰前面名词effort。故填to flight。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：她在律师工作期间帮助了许多女性，赢得了她们的案件，并为她们赢得了更大的权利。分析句子可知，此空考查非谓语， She和win为主动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用现在分词作状语。故填winning。
5．考查强调句。句意：但她在最高法院的工作确实让Ginsburg有所作为。分析句子可知。这里考查it was...that，为强调句结构，在本句中对主语her work in the Supreme Court强调。故填that。
6．考查时态。句意：她写道，任何不给女性平等参与社会的机会的政策——仅仅因为她们是女性——都是非法的。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，She和write为主动关系，且由句意可知，这里表示“她过去写到”，所以这里应用一般过去时。故填wrote。
7．考查连词。句意：她写道，任何不给女性平等参与社会的机会的政策——仅仅因为她们是女性——都是非法的。分析句子可知，此空应填连词，再由句意可知，应填because，表“因为”，引导原因状语从句，符合句意。故填because。
8．考查名词复数。句意：此案结束后，法院开始在未来的判决中更加关注妇女的权利。分析句子可知，此空应填名词，作介词后宾语，decision表“决策”，为可数名词，由前面rights可知，这里也应用名词复数形式。故填decisions。
9．考查被动语态。句意：她的照片仍然可以在咖啡杯和T恤衫上找到。分析句子可知，此空考查谓语动词， Her image与find为被动关系，且情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填be found。
10．考查冠词。句意：她的生活是书籍、纪录片甚至歌剧的题材。分析句子可知，这里opera表“歌剧”，为可数名词，而此空前应用不定冠词表泛指，且opera为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
（23-24高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Southwest China, a group of grandmothers sit in front of a traditional -style house, skillfully sewing colored thread into a piece of blue cloth and 1 (occasion) bursting into waves of laughter.
Such is the scene in Hejiayan Village, Youyang Tujia and Miao Autonomous County, Chongqing. These women learned the craft (手艺) as children, 2 they never expected that it 3 (bring) them together in old age, injecting some fun into their later years.
This local 4 (recover) of the craft started in 2013 when Chen Guotao, opened 5 Miao embroidery (刺绣) shop in Youyang. 6 (raise) in a rural area, Chen was keen to help fuel China’s rural boom, and in 2016, she set up the first of several embroidery workshops. They offered job opportunities to 7 (employ) female villagers who had stayed behind 8 (care) for the family while their relatives sought higher salaries elsewhere.
But the workshops are more than just workplaces. They are also social clubs for local senior citizens, most of 9 would lead rather dull lives otherwise, 10 (sit) at home with little social interaction. Sitting in the warm sunshine and enjoying the peace of embroidery, these senior citizens are now an established feature in the village.
【答案】
1．occasionally 2．but 3．would bring 4．recovery 5．a 6．Raised 7．unemployed 8．to care 9．whom 10．sitting
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了陈国桃开办苗族刺绣店，热衷于帮助推动中国农村繁荣的故事。
1．考查副词。句意：在中国西南部，一群老奶奶坐在一座传统风格的房子前，熟练地将彩色线缝在一块蓝色的布上，偶尔爆发出一阵阵笑声。本空填副词occasionally“偶尔”，作状语，修饰bursting into。故填occasionally。
2．考查连词。句意：这些妇女从小就学会了这门手艺，但她们从来没有想到，这门手艺会让她们在老年时相聚，为她们的晚年注入一些乐趣。前后句意存在转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。
3．考查动词的时态。句意：这些妇女从小就学会了这门手艺，但她们从来没有想到，这门手艺会让她们在老年时相聚，为她们的晚年注入一些乐趣。bring sb. together“把某人带到一起”。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，主句为一般过去时，从句表示站在过去看将要发生的事情，故此处应该用过去将来时，故填would bring。
4．考查名词。句意：2013年，陈国桃在酉阳开了一家苗绣店，苗绣技艺在当地得到了恢复。分析句意再根据空格前的the可知，此处应该用提示词的名词形式recovery“恢复”，作主语。故填recovery。
5．考查冠词。句意：2013年，陈国桃在酉阳开了一家苗绣店，苗绣技艺在当地得到了恢复。此处泛指“一家苗绣店”，且Miao以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：陈在农村长大，热衷于推动中国农村的繁荣，2016年，她开办了几家刺绣作坊中的第一家。分析句子结构可知，本句系动词为was，此处要用非谓语动词作状语，因为动词raise“抚养”和主语之间是被动关系，所以此处要用过去分词。故填Raised。
7．考查形容词。句意：他们为失业的女村民提供了工作机会，这些女村民留在家里照顾家人，而她们的亲戚则在其他地方寻找更高的薪水。此处应该用形容词unemployed“失业的”，作定语，修饰名词female villagers。故填unemployed。
8．考查动词不定式。句意：他们为失业的女村民提供了工作机会，这些女村民留在家里照顾家人，而她们的亲戚则在其他地方寻找更高的薪水。care for“照顾”。分析句子结构可知，who引导的定语从句的谓语为had stayed，此处为非谓语动词，此处要用动词不定式，作目的状语。故填to care。
9．考查定语从句。句意：他们也是当地老年人的社交俱乐部，否则他们中的大多数人会过着相当枯燥的生活，坐在家里，很少有社交活动。分析句子结构可知，本句引导非限制性定语从句，先行词local senior citizens，指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作宾语，位于介词of后，应用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们也是当地老年人的社交俱乐部，否则他们中的大多数人会过着相当枯燥的生活，坐在家里，很少有社交活动。本句系动词为are，此处为非谓语动词，且local senior citizens与sit“坐”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填sitting。
（23-24高一下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An exhibition (展览), presenting significant projects from the past 20 years by Ma Yansong and his company MAD Architects (建筑师) 1 (host) at the Shenzhen Museum in Guangdong province in October.
The exhibition aims 2 (bring) about discussion of the interconnected relationships between cities, communities, architecture, culture, and nature through the presentation of rich content and meaningful 3 (question). It encourages the public to reflect deeply, while also inspiring 4 (they) imagination about future life and cities.
With 79 models and nearly a thousand examples of work 5 display, the exhibition reflects the lesser-known efforts 6 (make) by the company to solve technical problems. And it 7 (be) the company’s largest and most significant exhibition since it was set up.
For young architects or anyone in any professional field looking to challenge tradition, Maoffers this advice, “I’m not challenging tradition, 8 rather the way others look at tradition. Some appear to respect tradition, but in reality, they are 9 (simple) copying. In all great cultures with rich traditions, there are creative ideas 10 reflect dreams and wishes for the future. What we should draw from tradition and history is the power of creativity and the courage to see the world differently. “
【答案】
1．was hosted 2．to bring 3．questions 4．their 5．on 6．made 7．has been 8．but 9．simply 10．that/which
【导语】
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了10月，马岩松和他的MAD Architects公司在广东省深圳博物馆举办的一场展览。
1．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：10月，马岩松和他的MAD Architects公司在广东省深圳博物馆举办了一场展览，展示了过去20年的重大项目。根据时间状语in October可知，此处为一般过去时，主语An exhibition和host为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was hosted。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：本次展览旨在通过丰富的内容和有意义的问题，引发对城市、社区、建筑、文化和自然之间相互联系的讨论。aim to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“旨在做某事”。故填to bring。
3．考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，question为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填questions。
4．考查代词。句意：它鼓励公众深入思考，同时也激发他们对未来生活和城市的想象。修饰名词imagination，需用形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。
5．
考查介词。句意：这次展览展出了79个模型和近千件作品，反映了该公司为解决技术问题所做的鲜为人知的努力。on display为固定搭配，意为“陈列，展出”。故填on。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词efforts，make和efforts为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填made。
7．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这是该公司自成立以来规模最大、最重要的展会。根据“since it was set up”可知，使用现在完成时，主语为it，助动词用has。故填has been。
8．考查连词。句意：我不是在挑战传统，而是在挑战别人看待传统的方式。not…but…为固定搭配，表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
9．考查副词。句意：有些人表面上尊重传统，但实际上，他们只是在抄袭。修饰动词are copying，需用副词simply，作状语。故填simply。
10．考查定语从句。句意：在所有具有丰富传统的伟大文化中，都有反映对未来的梦想和愿望的创造性思想。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是ideas，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that或which。
（22-23高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A California woman went viral (走红) on TikTok after she posted about her pet pig named Merlin. Mina Alali 1 (buy) a small pig last year after claiming to have wanted one for her entire life. Merlin is a mini-Vietnamese potbelly pig. When he’s 2 (full) grown, he could weigh up to 80 lbs. Alali said that training Merlin to be calm 3 (be) a challenge at first—noting that she had to teach him not 4 (scream) when someone picked him up. With time, however, Merlin grew closer to his new owner. Alali takes the pet pig 5 her everywhere—in the car, on walks, to dinner with friends and even on trips to Starbucks.
In the videos on TikTok, Alali shows off her pig’s many skills and abilities. Merlin learned how to press electronic buttons 6 say “outside,” “eat” and “ice” to better communicate with his owner. He can also perform 7 (trick) such as high-fives or “sit” and “stay”—similar to a trained dog. Alali and Merlin 8 (invite) to be on the TV show “America’s Got Talent” 9 the owner declined (谢绝). She said she felt the experience would be too 10 (stress) for her pet pig, she said.
【答案】
1．bought 2．fully 3．was 4．to scream 5．with 6．which/that 7．tricks 8．were invited 9．but 10．stressful
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加州的一名女子阿拉利和她的宠物猪梅林走红网络的故事。
1．考查动词的时态。句意：在声称自己一直都想要养一头宠物猪后，米娜·阿拉利去年买了一只小猪。根据时间状语last year可知，本句的时态用一般过去时，所以谓语动词用动词的过去式形式。故填bought。
2．考查副词。句意：当它完全长大后，体重可达80磅。分析句式结构可知，修饰动词应该用副词，所以此处同提示词的副词形式。故填fully。
3．考查动词的时态。句意：阿拉利说，刚开始训练梅林保持冷静是一个挑战，她必须教他在有人抱起他时不要尖叫。分析句式结构再根据said可知，从句中的时态应该为一般过去时，因为从句中的主语training Merlin to be calm是第三人称单数，所以be动词用was。故填was。
4．考查动词不定式。句意同上。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式作宾补，构成固定搭配teach ab not to do sth表示“教某人做某事”符合语境。故填to scream。
5．考查介词。句意：阿拉利说无论到哪里都带着这只宠物猪——坐车、散步、和朋友吃饭，甚至去星巴克。分析句意可知，此处用介词with与上文的take搭配表示“带上……”。故填with。
6．考查定语从句。句意：梅林学会了如何按“外面”、“吃”和“冰”的电子按钮，以便更好地与主人交流。分析句式结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是buttons，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词which/that来引导。故填which/that。
7．考查名词。句意：他还可以表演一些技巧，比如击掌或“坐”和“呆”——就像一只受过训练的狗一样。trick“技巧”是可数名词，根据下文“such as high-fives or “sit” and “stay””可知，应该该名词的复数形式。故填tricks。
8．考查动词的语态。句意：阿拉利和梅林被邀请参加电视节目“美国达人秀”，但主人拒绝了。主语Alali and Merlin和invite之间是被动关系，陈述过去的事情，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，助动词用were。故填were invited。
9．考查连词。句意同上。分析句意可知，此处上下文之间是转折关系，所以用连词but表转折。故填but。
10．考查形容词。句意：她说，她觉得这次经历对她的宠物猪来说压力太大了。分析句式结构可知，此处用提示词的形容词形式stressful作表语表示“压力大的”。故填stressful。
（22-23高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）短文填空
A talented British writer 1 (name) Edward Bulwer-Lytton gave a detailed 2 (describe) of life in the ancient city of Pompeii, 3 was a busy city with shops, theatres, wine bars far and wide. 4 (fortune), in August 79AD, Mount Vesuvius 5 (erupt). The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge cloud rose into the air. The citizens 6 (scare) to escape in all directions. However, almost all the people were buried 7 (live), and 8 was the city. 9 centuries, Pompeii has been uncovered, and today it looks almost the same 10 it had been before.
【答案】
1．named 2．description 3．which 4．Unfortunately 5．erupted 6．were scared 7．alive 8．so 9．For 10．as
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国作家爱德华·布尔维尔-利顿笔下庞贝古城火山爆发时的场景。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位才华横溢的英国作家爱德华·布尔维尔-利顿详细描述了庞贝古城的生活。庞贝古城是一个繁忙的城市，到处都是商店、剧院和酒吧。分析句子结构可知name与逻辑主语writer构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填named。
2．考查名词。句意：一位才华横溢的英国作家爱德华·布尔维尔-利顿详细描述了庞贝古城的生活。庞贝古城是一个繁忙的城市，到处都是商店、剧院和酒吧。作宾语，应用名词description，不定冠词提示用单数。故填description。
3．考查定语从句。句意：一位才华横溢的英国作家爱德华·布尔维尔-利顿详细描述了庞贝古城的生活。庞贝古城是一个繁忙的城市，到处都是商店、剧院和酒吧。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词，在从句作主语，指物，故用which引导。故填which。
4．考查副词。句意：不幸的是，公元79年8月，维苏威火山爆发了。修饰后文句子，表示“不幸地是”应用副词unfortunately，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Unfortunately。
5．考查时态。句意：不幸的是，公元79年8月，维苏威火山爆发了。根据上文in August 79AD可知为一般过去时。故填erupted。
6．考查时态和语态。句意：市民们被吓得四散逃窜。句子陈述过去的事情，且主语citizens和scare是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。主语是复数，故填were scared。
7．考查形容词。句意：然而，几乎所有的人都被活埋了，这座城市也是如此。结合句意表示“被活埋”可知短语为be buried alive。故填alive。
8．考查固定句型。句意：然而，几乎所有的人都被活埋了，这座城市也是如此。此处为句型so+be动词/情态动词/助动词+主语，表示“……也是如此”。故填so。
9．考查介词。句意：几个世纪以来，庞贝古城一直被发掘出来，今天它看起来几乎和以前一样。表示“几个世纪以来”短语为for centuries。句首单词首字母要大写。故填For。
10．考查固定句型。句意：几个世纪以来，庞贝古城一直被发掘出来，今天它看起来几乎和以前一样。表示“和……一样”句型为the same as…。故填as。
（22-23高一下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A group of young Chinese are trying to breathe new life into ancient texts about traditional music by creating 1 (origin) music and stylish music videos 2 (feature) traditional instruments. Zi De Guqin Studio has recently become famous for stylish music videos 3 all the songs are played using traditional instruments.
Guqin, a plucked seven- stringed instrument (弹拨的七弦乐器), is one of the most 4 (frequent) appearing instruments in these videos. This instrument 5 (record) in a wealth of books and materials over the centuries, with more than 3,000 guqin songs 6 (keep) in ancient texts.
The studio’s adaptations of ancient songs have grown popular among young people in China. According to the studio’s members, their success is owing 7 two main factors: the recent rise in the 8 (popular) of traditional Chinese culture and their own innovation. Traditional culture has been making an obvious revival (复兴) as more young people have 9 stronger sense of national identity.
“When making videos, we absorb some fun and interesting elements and attempt 10 (give) these works a great aesthetic (审美的) appeal in terms of visual effects,” a member of the studio said.
【答案】
1．original 2．featuring 3．where 4．frequently 5．has been recorded 6．kept 7．to 8．popularity 9．a 10．to give
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了紫德古琴工作室最近以时尚的音乐视频而闻名，所有歌曲都是用传统乐器演奏的。
1．考查形容词。句意：一群中国年轻人正试图通过创作原创音乐和以传统乐器为特色的时尚音乐视频，为古老的传统音乐文本注入新的活力。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语修饰后面名词，应使用形容词。故填original。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语stylish music videos之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词。故填featuring。
3．考查定语从句。句意：紫德古琴工作室最近以时尚的音乐视频而闻名，所有歌曲都是用传统乐器演奏的。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为stylish music videos，因空白处在定语从句中作状语表示地点。故填where。
4．考查副词。句意：古琴是一种弹拨的七弦乐器，是这些视频中出现频率最高的乐器之一。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语，使用副词。故填frequently。
5．考查时态、语态。句意：几个世纪以来，这种乐器被记录在丰富的书籍和材料中，有3000多首古琴歌曲被保存在古代文本中。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，根据时间状语over the centuries可知谓语动词应使用现在完成时，因谓语动词与主语之间为被动关系，应使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为This instrument，助动词用has。故填has been recorded。
6．考查时态。句意：同上。分析句子结构，“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法，空白处在句子中作宾语补足语，应使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语guqin songs之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词。故填kept。
7．考查介词。句意：工作室成员表示，他们的成功主要归功于两个因素：最近中国传统文化的流行和他们自己的创新。分析句子结构，owe to为固定短语，含义为：归功于……，与句子表达的含义一致，故填to。
8．考查名词。句意：同上。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，故填popularity。
9．考查冠词。句意：随着越来越多的年轻人有了更强的民族认同感，传统文化正在明显复兴。分析句子结构，a sense of为固定短语，含义为：一种……感觉，与句子表达的含义一致，故填a。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：在制作视频时，我们吸收了一些有趣的元素，并试图在视觉效果方面赋予这些作品巨大的美学吸引力。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作宾语，应使用非谓语动词，因空白处表达的是一个不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，且因attempt to do为固定短语，表示：试图做某事，与句子表达的含义一致，故填to give。
（22-23高一下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The giant panda, also 1 (know) as panda bear or simply panda, is a bear native 2 south central China.In the past many years, the giant panda 3 (drive) out of the lowland areas where it once lived as a result of farming,deforestation and other 4 (develop). Wild population estimates vary: one estimate shows that there are about 1,590 individuals 5 (live) in the wild, while a 2006 study estimated that this figure could be as high as 2,000 to 3,000. Some reports also show that 6 number of giant pandas in the wild is on the rise.
The West first learned of the giant panda on 11 March 1869, 7 the French missionary (传教士) Armand David received a panda skin from a hunter. In 1936, Ruth Harkness became the first Westerner to bring a live giant panda named Su Lin to the Brookfield Zoo in Chicago. To protect the pandas, in 2012, Earthwatch Institute, a global non profit organization that teams volunteers with scientists to conduct important 8 (science) research, launched a program called “On the Trail of Giant Panda”. This program, based in the Wolong National Nature Reserve, allows 9 (volunteer) to work up close with pandas cared for in captivity (圈养), and help them 10 (gradual) adapt to life in the wild.
【答案】
1．known 2．to 3．has been driven 4．development 5．living 6．the 7．when 8．scientific 9．volunteers 10．gradually
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了大熊猫的现状以及西方人对大熊猫的了解和对大熊猫的保护项目。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：大熊猫，也叫熊猫，是一种原产于中国中南部的熊。本句的谓语是is，此处应用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The giant panda和know之间为动宾关系，此处应用过去分词形式作定语修饰The giant panda。故填known。
2．考查介词。句意同上。be native to是固定短语，意为“原产于”，此处作后置定语，故填to。
3．考查时态语态。句意：在过去的许多年里，由于农业、森林砍伐和其他开发，大熊猫已经被赶出了它曾经生活过的低地地区。空处为主句谓语动词，根据时间状语in the past many years可知，应用现在完成时，且主语panda和drive out是被动关系，故用现在完成时的被动语态，主语the panda指该物种，是单数概念，助动词用has。故填has been driven。
4．考查名词。句意同上。空处应填名词作宾语，development“开发”是不可数名词。故填development。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：野生种群的估计各不相同：一项估计显示，大约有1590只野生大熊猫，而2006年的一项研究估计，这一数字可能高达2000至3000只。宾语从句中已有谓语动词are，故空处填非谓语动词，individuals和live之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，此处应用现在分词形式作后置定语。故填living。
6．考查冠词。句意：一些报道也显示大熊猫的数量在上升。结合句意表达“……的数量”用the number of。故填the。
7．考查定语从句。句意：1869年3月11日，法国传教士阿曼德·戴维从一位猎人那里收到了一张大熊猫皮，西方第一次了解到大熊猫。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是11 March 1869，指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用when引导该从句。故填when。
8．考查形容词。句意：为了保护大熊猫，2012年，全球非营利组织地球观察研究所发起了一项名为“大熊猫之旅”的项目，该组织与科学家组成志愿者团队进行重要的科学研究。修饰空后名词research应用所给词的形容词形式作定语。故填scientific。
9．考查名词的数。句意：该项目位于卧龙国家级自然保护区，允许志愿者与圈养的大熊猫近距离合作，帮助它们逐渐适应野外生活。volunteer“志愿者”是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填volunteers。
10．考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词词组adapt to应用所给词的副词形式。故填gradually。
（22-23高一下·江苏常州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Due to climate change, some animals are forced to move from their habitats. What’s worse, a new study shows it will cause thousands of new viruses 1 (spread) among animals. And such spread will 2 (probable) increase the risk of new diseases 3 pass from animals to humans.
The research 4 (cover) about 3,000 kinds of animals. And the scientists created 5 model to see how these species might share viruses in the next 50 years. The study pointed to two major worldwide crises that could lead to the spread of animal-human diseases-climate change and infectious(传染性的) diseases 6 the fact that past research has looked at how the 7 (disappear) of species and wildlife trade could lead to the spread, there has been less research on/into how climate change could influence this kind of spread. “We don’t talk about climate a lot in the context of zoonoses (人畜共患病). Our study brings together the two most pressing 8 (globe) problems we have,” said Colin Carlson, a professor.
According to experts, as the climate warms up, it’s highly likely that new viruses 9 (create). Now this study provides evidence that new disease threats can be linked to climate change. Since it’s not preventable, we should take advantage of the study results and face the challenge of 10 (fight) climate change.
【答案】
1．to spread 2．probably 3．that/which 4．covered 5．a 6．Despite 7．disappearance 8．global 9．will be created 10．fighting
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项新的研究发现，该研究表明，动物由于气候变化不得不离开栖息地，这可能会导致病毒在动物中传播，甚至可能会从动物传染到人类身上。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：更糟糕的是，一项新的研究表明，它将导致数千种新病毒在动物中传播。这里为非谓语动词担当cause的宾语补足语，构成：cause…to do…，意为“导致……去……”。故填to spread.
2．考查副词。句意：而且这种传播可能会增加从动物传染给人类的新疾病的风险。修饰动词increase用副词形式。故填probably。
3．考查定语从句。句意：而且这种传播可能会增加从动物传染给人类的新疾病的风险。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词为diseases，且定语从句中缺少主语，用关系代词which或that引导。故填which或that。
4．考查时态。句意：这项研究涵盖了大约3000种动物。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下一句可知，本句用一般过去时；主语为the research，和动词cover之间存在主动关系。故填covered。
5．考查冠词。句意：科学家们创建了一个模型，来观察这些物种在未来50年内如何共享病毒。修饰可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词，且model发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
6．考查介词。句意：尽管过去的研究着眼于物种消失和野生动物贸易如何导致传播，但关于气候变化如何影响这种传播的研究却很少。空后为名词，可推断用介词；“the fact that past research has looked at how the ____7____ (disappear) of species and wildlife trade could lead to the spread”和主句“there has been less research on/into how climate change could influence this kind of spread.”之间存在转折关系，所以用介词despite，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填Despite。
7．考查名词。句意：尽管过去的研究着眼于物种消失和野生动物贸易如何导致传播，但关于气候变化如何影响这种传播的研究却很少。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词，构成the+名词+of结构。故填disappearance。
8．考查形容词。句意：“我们很少在人畜共患病的背景下谈论气候，我们的研究汇集了我们面临的两个最紧迫的全球问题，”科林·卡尔森教授说。修饰名词problems用形容词形容词，作定语。故填global。
9．考查时态和语态。句意：据专家称，随着气候变暖，很可能会产生新的病毒。考查本句谓语动词，根据空前的主句“it’s highly likely that”可判断，从句为一般将来时；主语为new viruses，和动词create之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填will be created。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于这是不可预防的，我们应该利用研究结果，面对应对气候变化的挑战。这里担当介词of之后的宾语，表主动关系，用动词v-ing形式。故填fighting。
（22-23高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）语法填空
When I was in college, an acquaintance who had graduated a few years prior came back to visit for the weekend. As we walked around campus on Saturday night, he threw his hands into the cold Connecticut air and exclaimed, “You guys are so lucky; you live 1 minute away from all your friends. You’ll never have this again.”
At the time, I thought it was kind of sad—a 2 (grow) man pining for my life of university housing and late library nights. But his words 3 (stick) with me in the years since. “In adulthood, as people grow up and go away, friendships are the relationships most likely 4 (take) a hit,” my colleague Julie Beck wrote in 2015. The 5 (old) you get, the more effort it takes to maintain connection, because you don’t have 6 many opportunities to see your friends every day.
The writer Jennifer Senior noted last year that the fact of our choosing friendships makes them both fragile and special: “You have to continually stay involved. That you choose it is 7 gives it its value,” she wrote. But that’s also what makes friendships harder to hold on to as our lives evolve.
It’s hard but not impossible. Senior notes that when 8 comes to friendship, “we have to create occasions that force us together: weekly phone calls, friendship anniversaries or road trips,” 9 it takes.”
“Friendship is the mare kind of relationship that remains forever available to us as we age,” Senior writes. “It’s a potential source of creativity and renewal in lives that otherwise narrow with time.” It’s something worth 10 (choose), over and over again.
【答案】
1．a 2．grown 3．have stuck 4．to take 5．older 6．as/so 7．what 8．it 9．whatever 10．choosing
【导语】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过回忆自己大学时和朋友的对话，感受到了友谊的珍贵，并表示友谊需要共同努力维持。
1．考查冠词。句意：你住的地方离你所有的朋友都只有一分钟的路程。根据前文“You guys are so lucky;(你们也太幸运了；)”可知，朋友离自己住得近才能算是幸运；a min away意为“一分钟的距离”，符合文意。故填a。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，我觉得这有点可悲——一个成年男人渴望着我的大学宿舍生活和图书馆的深夜生活。结合句意可知，此处表示“成年的男人”，故需要用过去分词作定语表完成。故填grown。
3．考查动词的时态。句意：但多年来，他的话一直萦绕在我心头。后文有关键词in the years since表示“多年来”，为现在完成时态的标志词。故填have stuck。
4．考查固定搭配。句意：在成年期，随着人们逐渐长大和离去，友谊是最容易受到打击的关系。固定短语be likely to表示“有可能做某事”，故空处需要填to do不定式的形式。故填to take。
5．考查形容词。句意：你越老，就越需要努力保持联系，因为你没有那么多机会每天见到你的朋友。固定短语“the+比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……就越……”符合题干，故空处需要填形容词的比较级的形式。故填older。
6．考查副词。句意：你越老，就越需要努力保持联系，因为你没有那么多机会每天见到你的朋友。表示“很多”可用so many或as many。故填as/so。
7．考查表语从句。句意：“你必须持续参与其中。你的选择赋予了它价值。”她写道。分析句子结构，is为be动词，后为表语从句；从句中缺少主语，并且表示“……的东西”，故需要用连接代词what。故填what。
8．考查固定短语。句意：Senior指出，谈到友谊，“我们必须创造一些迫使我们在一起的场合:每周电话，友谊纪念日或公路旅行，“无论付出什么代价。”。固定短语when it comes to表示“当提到……”，符合句意和题干。故填it。
9．考查状语从句。句意：Senior指出，谈到友谊，“我们必须创造一些迫使我们在一起的场合:每周电话，友谊纪念日或公路旅行，“无论付出什么代价。”。结合句意，表示“无论什么”为连词whatever。故填whatever。
10．考查固定结构。句意：这是值得一遍又一遍地选择的东西。固定短语worth doing表示“值得做……”，故空处需要填doing的形式。故填choosing。
（22-23高一下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
Economic development is necessary in the development of society, 1 how to find and keep a balance between making economic progress and protecting cultural sites can be a big challenge. Here is an example of big challenges 2 (lead) to great solutions.
In the 1950s, in an effort to deal with the problems of floods, droughts and lack 3 electricity, the Egyptian government decided to build the Aswan Dam across the Nile. However, the 4 (propose) met with people’s protests, because that means some temples and cultural relics would 5 (destroy).
In 1959, the government sought help from the United Nations. To decrease damage, 6 committee was set up and asked for help within the 7 (globe) community. After many careful investigations and tests, experts tried to preserve the cultural relics by taking them apart and moving them to a safe place 8 they would be rebuilt. Besides, fifty countries 9 (donate) $80 million to the project, which finally proved to be a success.
This example shows the importance of working together 10 (turn) a problem to a solution. If a problem seems too difficult for a single nation, why not turn to the international community for help
【答案】
1．but 2．leading 3．of 4．proposal 5．be destroyed 6．a 7．global 8．where 9．donated 10．to turn
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。经济发展是社会发展的必要条件，但如何在进步和保护文化遗址之间找到并保持平衡，可能是一个巨大的挑战。文章主要记叙了一个埃及在社会进步和保护文化遗址之间是如何找到平衡的事例。
1．考查连词。句意：经济发展在社会发展中是必要的，但如何在经济发展和文化遗址保护之间找到并保持平衡是一个巨大的挑战。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用连词but。故填but。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这里有一个大挑战带来解决方案的例子。分析句子结构可知lead在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语challenges构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作定语。故填leading。
3．考查介词。句意：20世纪50年代，为了解决洪水、干旱和电力短缺的问题，埃及政府决定在尼罗河上修建阿斯旺大坝。后跟名词作宾语，表示“缺少”短语为lack of。故填of。
4．考查名词。句意：然而，这一提议遭到了人们的抗议，因为这意味着一些寺庙和文化遗迹将被破坏。作主语，应用名词proposal，此处为特指应用单数。故填proposal。
5．考查动词语态。句意：然而，这一提议遭到了人们的抗议，因为这意味着一些寺庙和文化遗迹将被破坏。destroy是谓语动词，此处some temples and cultural relics与destroy构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be destroyed。
6．考查冠词。句意：为了减少损失，成立了一个委员会，并向国际社会寻求帮助。committee为可数名词，此处为泛指且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。
7．考查形容词。句意：为了减少损失，成立了一个委员会，并向国际社会寻求帮助。修饰后文名词community，应用形容词global作定语。故填global。
8．考查定语从句。句意：经过许多仔细的调查和测试，专家们试图通过把文物拆开，转移到一个安全的地方，并在那里重建的方式，来保护文物。此处为定语从句修饰先行词place，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故填where。
9．考查时态。句意：此外，50个国家向该项目捐赠了8000万美元，最终证明该项目是成功的。根据上文In 1959可知为一般过去时。故填donated。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个例子展示了一起工作将问题转化为解决方案的重要性。分析句子结构可知turn在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to turn。
（22-23高一下·江苏泰州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A hotel in Jinhua, Zhejiang province, recently changed 1 into a special COVID-19 facility, 2 (help)patients recover from the disease, according to media reports.
Starting on Monday, the hotel began to provide rooms for people infected with COVID-19, who would like to have self-isolation(自我隔离) 3 lacked proper conditions at home, the said. In March this year, the hotel 4 (choose) as a place to house people infected with COVID-19 for centralized isolation, but its manager said that ended on Dec 15. It made the change because it is well equipped and has the experience to treat patients with 5 (profession) services.
At present, the rooms have been 6 (most) taken up, according to the manager. The hotel 7 (prepare) N95 masks, single-use gloves and traditional Chinese medicines. If guests have any needs, they can contact room service and have supplies 8 (send)to their doorsteps by robots. Garbage is packed by guests and placed 9 their rooms.
On Monday, the government of Hangzhou called on those infected with COVID-19 10 chose to stay in a hotel to prepare enough anti-epidemic supplies, medicines and daily supplies to carry them through their isolation.
【答案】
1．itself 2．helping 3．but 4．was chosen 5．professional 6．mostly 7．has prepared 8．sent 9．outside 10．who
【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章报道了浙江一家酒店由于设备精良，并且拥有专业服务治疗患者的经验成为了COVID-19感染者的自我隔离区。
1．考查代词。句意：据媒体报道，浙江金华的一家酒店最近变成了COVID-19特殊场所，帮助患者从疾病中恢复。这里为反身代词，宾语指的就是主语“a hotel in Jinhua, Zhejiang province”，用其反身代词。故填itself。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：据媒体报道，浙江金华的一家酒店最近变成了COVID-19特殊场所，帮助患者从疾病中恢复。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和逻辑主语之间存在主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填helping。
3．考查连词。句意：据澎湃新闻报道，从周一开始，该酒店开始为COVID-19感染者提供房间，这些人希望进行自我隔离，但家中缺乏适当的条件。上一句“who would like to have self-isolation”和下一句“lacked proper conditions at home”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
4．考查时态和语态。句意：今年3月，该酒店被选为COVID-19感染者的集中隔离场所，但酒店经理表示，隔离已于12月15日结束。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in March this year”可知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“the hotel”，单数，和动词choose之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was chosen。
5．考查形容词。句意：之所以做出这样的改变，是因为它设备精良，并且拥有专业服务治疗患者的经验。根据空后的services可知，空处为形容词形式。故填professional。
6．考查副词。句意：据经理说，目前房间已经大部分住满了。担当本句状语，表示“大多数”用mostly。故填mostly。
7．考查时态。句意：酒店准备了N95口罩、一次性手套和中药。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上一句时态可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“the hotel”，单数，和动词prepare之间存在主动关系。故填has prepared。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果客人有任何需求，他们可以联系客房服务，机器人会把所需物品送到家门口。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语补足语，和宾语supplies之间存在被动关系，所以用动词的过去分词形式。故填sent。
9．考查介词。句意：垃圾由客人打包，放在房间外面。根据上文“Garbage is packed by guests”可知，这里指的是垃圾的处理，而垃圾在打包后自然是放在房间的外面。由此判断空处填介词outside，意为“在……外面”。故填outside。
10．考查定语从句。句意：16日，杭州政府呼吁选择入住酒店的新冠肺炎感染者准备足够的防疫用品、药品和生活用品，以帮助他们度过隔离期。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“those infected with COVID-19”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
（21-22高一下·江苏苏州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The China Manned Space Agency (CMSA) announced on April 16 that the Shenzhou-13 return capsule 1 (complete) touchdown at the Dongfeng landing site in the Gobi Desert, northern China’s Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, marking the full success of the Shenzhou-13 manned spaceflight mission.
The Shenzhou-13 manned spacecraft 2 (launch) from the country’s Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center on October 16, 2021, then docked with Tianhe core module. Three astronauts entered the core module and stayed for six months, 3 (set) a new record for Chinese astronauts’ 4 (long) stay in orbit. During their time aboard, the astronauts executed two successful spacewalks 5 carried out a range of scientific experiments and technological tests. 6 (take) advantage of the mission gaps, the trio (三人小组) also conducted two space lectures for students on Earth and a series of unique popular science education and cultural communication 7 (activity).
The complete success of the Shenzhou-13 manned mission marks the completion of the key technology verification stage of the China Space Station, 8 will soon be followed by the construction stage. Hao Chun, head of the CMSA, said that 9 construction of the China Space Station is divided into two stages — the key technology verification stage and the construction stage — 10 six missions planned respectively.
【答案】
1．had completed 2．was launched 3．setting 4．longest 5．and 6．Taking 7．activities 8．which 9．the 10．with
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了神舟十三号返回舱在中国内蒙古自治区戈壁滩东风着陆场成功着陆，标志着神舟十三号载人太空飞行任务圆满成功。
1．考查动词时态。句意：中国载人航天局(CMSA)4月16日宣布，神舟十三号返回舱在中国内蒙古自治区戈壁沙漠东风着陆场完成着陆，标志着神舟十三号载人航天飞行任务取得圆满成功。根据on April 16及语境可知，此处描述的是过去的过去发生的事情，应用过去完成时，故填had completed。
2．考查动词语态。句意：神舟十三号载人飞船于2021年10月16日从国家酒泉卫星发射中心发射升空，随后与天和核心舱对接。主语和动词之间形成动宾关系，应用被动语态，时间状语是on October 16, 2021，应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was launched。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：三名航天员进入核心舱并停留六个月，创造了中国航天员在轨停留时间最长的新纪录。主语Three astronauts 和动词set之间形成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语，故填setting。
4．考查形容词最高级。句意：三名航天员进入核心舱并停留六个月，创造了中国航天员在轨停留时间最长的新纪录。结合语意，此处表达最高级的概念，应用形容词最高级。故填longest。
5．考查连词。句意：在他们的飞行期间，宇航员成功地进行了两次太空行走，进行了一系列科学实验和技术测试。executed与carried out是并列谓语，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：趁着任务空档，三人还为地球上的学生举办了两场太空讲座和一系列别具特色的科普教育和文化交流活动。主语the trio(三人小组)和动词take之间形成主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填Taking。
7．考查名词复数。句意：趁着任务空档，三人还为地球上的学生举办了两场太空讲座和一系列别具特色的科普教育和文化交流活动。activity“活动”，可数名词，由a series of修饰，应用复数形式。故填activities。
8．考查定语从句。句意：神舟十三号载人任务的圆满成功，标志着中国空间站关键技术验证阶段的完成，紧随其后的是建设阶段。分析句子可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰上文，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
9．考查冠词。句意：中国空间站负责人郝春表示，中国空间站建设分为关键技术验证阶段和建设阶段两个阶段，分别规划六项任务。此处特指“中国空间站建设”，应用定冠词。故填the。
10．考查介词。句意：中国空间站负责人郝春表示，中国空间站建设分为关键技术验证阶段和建设阶段两个阶段，分别规划六项任务。分析句子可知，six missions和动词plan之间形成动宾关系，且没有be动词，所以是with+宾语+宾补的复合结构。故填with。
（21-22高一下·江苏扬州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Charles Darwin was born on February 12,1809. He was the British naturalist 1 became famous for his theories of 2 (evolve). Like several scientists before him, Darwin believed all the life on earth evolved over millions of years from a few common ancestor.
Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural 3 (select) holds that variation within species occurs randomly and that the survival or extinction (灭绝)of each organism 4 (determine) by that organism’s ability 5 (adapt) to its environment. He set these theories forth in his book called “The Origin of Species”, which was published in 1859. After 6 (publish) of the book. Darwin continued to write on botany, geology, and zoology until his death in 1882.
Darwin’s work had a great influence 7 religious thought. Many people strongly opposed the idea of evolution because it conflicted with their religion. Darwin avoided 8 (talk) about the theological and sociological aspects of his work, 9 other writers used his theories to support their own theories about society. Darwin was 10 a scientific man that before he made up his mind to get married, he made a careful list of the advantages and disadvantages of marriage.
【答案】
1．who/that 2．evolution 3．selection 4．is determined 5．to adapt 6．publication 7．on 8．talking 9．but 10．such
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了科学家达尔文的生平事迹以及主要科学贡献。
1．考查定语从句。句意：他是一位英国博物学家，因他的进化论而闻名。句中先行词为the British naturalist，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
2．考查名词。句意：他是一位英国博物学家，因他的进化论而闻名。根据空前的of可知，空处填名词形式。故填evolution。
3．考查名词。句意：达尔文的自然选择进化论认为物种内部的变异是随机发生的，每个生物的生存或灭绝是由该生物适应环境的能力决定的。根据空前的形容词natural可知，空处为名词形式。故填selection。
4．考查时态和语态。句意：达尔文的自然选择进化论认为物种内部的变异是随机发生的，每个生物的生存或灭绝是由该生物适应环境的能力决定的。根据前一个宾语从句中的occurs可知，时态为一般现在时；主语the survival or extinction为单数，和动词determine之间存在被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is determined。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：达尔文的自然选择进化论认为物种内部的变异是随机发生的，每个生物的生存或灭绝是由该生物适应环境的能力决定的。名词ability之后用不定式担当后置定语。故填to adapt。
6．考查名词。句意：书出版后，达尔文继续写植物学、地质学和动物学的文章，直到1882年去世。根据空前的介词after以及空后的of the book，可知空处为名词形式。故填publication。
7．考查介词。句意：达尔文的工作对宗教思想有很大的影响。固定短语：have a great influence on对……有很大的影响。故填on。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：达尔文避免谈论他作品的神学和社会学方面，但其他作家使用他的理论来支持他们自己的社会理论。短语avoid doing sth.避免做某事，avoid之后用动名词担当宾语。故填talking。
9．考查连词。句意：达尔文避免谈论他作品的神学和社会学方面，但其他作家使用他的理论来支持他们自己的社会理论。前一分句“达尔文避免谈论他作品的神学和社会学方面”和后一分句“其他作家使用他的理论来支持他们自己的社会理论”之间存在转折关系。故填but。
10．考查固定结构。句意：达尔文是如此严谨的人以至于在他决定结婚之前，他仔细地列出了婚姻的利与弊。句型：such + a + adj. + n. + that如此……以至于……。故填such。
（21-22高一下·江苏盐城·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In late August, 2005, Hurricane Katrina, one of the most 1 (destroy) hurricanes in American history, 2 (hit) the south-eastern parts of the country. It began on August 23, only slight damage in the beginning. But it soon grew to be a Category 5 hurricane over the warm waters of the Gulf of Mexico, 3 (cause) severe damage along its path.
New Orleans, a city 4 was built largely below sea level, was worst hit. In reaction to the coming hurricane, the city government gave an order to clear the city 5 all residents. 6 , many stayed in the city. Some of them chose 7 (stay) because they believed that the city’s defense system would keep them safe and sound, while others were 8 (able) to leave because they had no access to transport. The defense system finally failed. As a result, 80% of the city flooded for weeks. People 9 (stick) in the city without power, food, or drinking water, anxiously waiting for rescue.
The hurricane died away on August 31. In all, Hurricane Katrina caused nearly 2,000 10 (death), and left millions of people homeless.
【答案】
1．destructive 2．hit 3．causing 4．which/that 5．of 6．However 7．to stay 8．unable 9．were stuck 10．deaths
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2005年卡特里娜飓风及其给人们造成的损失。
1．考查形容词。句意：2005年8月底，卡特里娜飓风，美国历史上破坏力最强的飓风之一，袭击了美国东南部地区。空处修饰名词hurricanes，应用形容词destructive“破坏性的”，作定语。故填destructive。
2．考查时态。句意：2005年8月底，卡特里娜飓风，美国历史上破坏力最强的飓风之一，袭击了美国东南部地区。根据时间状语In late August, 2005可知，句子描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时。故填hit。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：但它很快在墨西哥湾温暖水域演变为5级飓风，沿途造成严重破坏。分析句子结构，空处作非谓语动词，它演变为5级飓风，自然而然产生的结果是造成严重破坏，所以空处应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填causing。
4．考查定语从句。句意：新奥尔良，一个主要建在海平面以下的城市，受到了最严重的打击。分析句子结构，空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是city，指物，在定语从句中作主语，应用which或that引导。故填which或that。
5．考查介词。句意：为了应对即将到来的飓风，市政府下令清除该市所有居民，许多人留在城里。结合语意，此处表示市政府下令让所有居民离开城市，空处应用介词of，构成clear…of…，表示“把……从……清除掉”。故填of。
6．考查副词。句意：然而，许多人留在了这座城市。结合语意，上下句表示转折关系，应用转折副词however“然而”。故填However。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全和健康，而其他人则无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。固定短语choose to do sth.“选择做某事”。故填to stay。
8．考查形容词。句意：他们中的一些人选择留下来，因为他们相信城市的防御系统会保证他们的安全和健康，而其他人则无法离开，因为他们没有交通工具。结合语意，其他人是因为没有交通工具，所以无法离开，空处应用形容词unable，构成be unable to do sth.“不能做某事”。故填unable。
9．考查动词语态。句意：人们被困在城市里，没有电力、食物和饮用水，焦急地等待救援。根据上下文可知，文段描述过去的情况，应用一般过去时，stick与主语people之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语people是复数，be动词应用were。故填were stuck。
10．考查名词复数。句意：卡特里娜飓风总共造成近2000人死亡，数百万人无家可归。空前2000是数词，后接可数名词的复数形式。故填deaths。
（21-22高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Cultural TV programmes experienced a come-back at the start of 2017. Two weeks after the conclusion of the hit show Chinese Poetry Competition 2, a new programme, Readers, has become widely popular, 1 (inspire) fresh enthusiasm for literature in China.
The weekly talk show, 2 (produce) by renowned TV personality Dong Qing, invites people from all walks of life 3 (read) aloud excerpts of poems, essays and books they like or wrote. The participants also share stories from their own life explaining why particular pieces touched their hearts or shaped their lives.
Since its first broadcast on CCTV-1, Readers has enjoyed 4 instant success and struck thousands of people. Through the poetic words, Readers has brought the 5 (lose) habit of reading aloud back into the public spotlight.
Readers is one of the culture-themed TV programmes 6 (restore) the country’s passion for literature in recent years. Its success is very 7 (encourage) in today’s television world where reality shows 8 (play) a leading part so far.
With more people 9 (reflect) on their own 10 (read) habits, the question now is: when is the last time you read a poem or book excerpts aloud
【答案】
1．inspiring 2．produced 3．to read 4．an 5．lost 6．to restore 7．encouraging 8．have played 9．reflecting 10．reading
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了旨在恢复人们对于文学热情的节目《朗读者》，该节目由董卿制作和主持，受到了观众的热烈欢迎。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在热播节目《中国诗词大会2》结束两周后，一个新节目《朗读者》广受欢迎，激发了中国文学的新热情。分析句子结构可知，has become 是句子的谓语，设空处需填入非谓语动词作状语，动词inspire与其逻辑主语Readers之间是主谓关系，因而需用现在分词形式表示主动。故填inspiring。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：由著名电视名人董卿制作和主持的每周脱口秀节目，邀请各界人士大声朗读他们喜欢或写的诗歌、散文和书籍的节选。分析句子结构可知，invites是句子的谓语，设空处需填入非谓语动词作状语，动词produce与其逻辑主语talk show之间是动宾关系，因而需填过去分词形式表示被动。故填produced。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。短语invite sb to do表示“邀请某人做某事”，因而设空处需填入动词不定式。故填to read。
4．考查冠词。句意：自CCTV-1首次播出以来，《朗读者》获得了立竿见影的成功，感动了成千上万的人。本句中的success表示“成功的人或事”，为可数名词，因而设空处需填入不定冠词，泛指“一次成功”，instant以元音因素开头，前面的不定冠词需用an。故填an。
5．考查形容词。句意：通过这些诗意的文字，《朗读者》把失去的大声朗读的习惯带回到了公众的聚光灯下。分析句子结构可知，设空处需填入形容词作定语，修饰名词habit。故填lost。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：《朗读者》是近年来以文化为主题的电视节目之一，旨在唤回国民对文学的热情。分析句子结构可知，设空处作目的状语，需填入动词不定式。故填to restore。
7．考查形容词。句意：它的成功在今天的电视界非常的令人鼓舞，到目前为止，真人秀节目已经发挥了主导作用。分析句子可知，设空处需填入形容词作表语，主语为Its success，指物，修饰物用ing结尾的形容词，encouraging意为“令人鼓舞的”。故填encouraging。
8．考查时态。句意：同上。分析句子结构可知，设空处缺少从句的谓语，由主句的一般现在时和从句中的so far可知，从句使用现在完成时，从句主语reality shows为复数形式。故填have played。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着越来越多的人在反思自己的阅读习惯，现在的问题是：你最后一次大声朗读诗或书是什么时候？分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构，且该句中宾语people与reflect之间是主谓关系，因此需使用现在分词形式作宾语补足语，表示主动。故填reflecting。
10．考查动名词。句意：同上。名词短语reading habits表示“阅读习惯”，在本句中作介词on的宾语。故填reading。
（23-24高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I visited the Musée d’Orsay, 1 is a world-famous art museum 2 (house) in an old railway building in Paris.
3 (wander) through the Impressionist gallery, I appreciated masterpieces. Two of the greatest Impressionist painters that made the deepest impression 4 me were Claude Monet and Pierre—Auguste Renoir. Monet was 5 (great) inspired by nature. It’s said that about 250 paintings by Monet including the famous piece Blue Water Lilies feature the same water lily pond, but all are in different colours and styles. Renoir preferred to paint 6 (scene) of everyday life. I 7 (strike) by the small areas of light across his 1876 masterpiece. Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette. It was the 8 (similar) of the paintings 9 impressed me deeply.
The Impressionists’ vision has inspired and influenced a lot of 10 (paint).
【答案】
1．which 2．housing 3．wandering 4．on 5．greatly 6．scenes 7．was struck 8．similarity 9．that 10．painters
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了我参观了Musée d 'Orsay，这是一个世界闻名的艺术博物馆，从中欣赏了许多印象派名作，以及印象派画家的视野启发并影响了很多画家。
1．考查定语从句。句意：我参观了Musée d 'Orsay，这是一个世界闻名的艺术博物馆，坐落在巴黎的一个旧铁路建筑里。先行词Musée d’Orsay在which引导的非限制性定语从句中作主语成分。故填which。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：我参观了Musée d 'Orsay，这是一个世界闻名的艺术博物馆，坐落在巴黎的一个旧铁路建筑里。该句谓语是is，所以此处为非谓语形式，art museum和house“坐落，居住”为主谓关系用现在分词形式。故填housing。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：漫步在印象派画廊时，我欣赏了许多名作。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语形式，I和wander为主谓关系，为现在分词作时间状语。故填wandering。
4．考查介词。句意：克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿是印象最深的两位最伟大的印象派画家。由make an impression on sb“给某人留下印象”为固定短语，满足句意。故填on。
5．考查副词。句意：莫奈深受自然的启发。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词greatly形式动词inspired。故填greatly。
6．考查名词。句意：雷诺阿更喜欢描绘日常生活的场景。由paint和空后的of everyday life可知，此处为名词形式为，结合句意“日常生活的场景”为scene的复数形式。故填scenes。
7．考查时态和语态。句意：我被他1876年的杰作上的小片光线所震撼。I和strike的关系为被动关系，结合文章时态为一般过去时。故填was struck。
8．考查名词。句意：正是这两幅画的相似性给我留下了深刻的印象。由the后加名词可知，此处为名词的填入，similarity为不可数名词。故填similarity。
9．考查强调句式。句意：正是这两幅画的相似性给我留下了深刻的印象。分析句子可知，此处为it is/was…that…的强调句型，被强调部分为事物，为强调句子主语。故填that。
10．考查名词。句意：印象派画家的视野启发并影响了很多画家。由动词“inspired and influenced”启发和影响可知，此处为名词painter“画家”，结合a lot of后为名词的复数形式。故填painters。
重难语篇拔高练
（21-22高一下·江苏南京·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当得单词或括号内单词得正确形式。
Shenzhou XIII taikonauts’ six-month stay at the Tiangong space station is wrapping up. Now they face one last test of their scientific and space travel skills—returning home safely. What needs to be done before leaving 1 space station in mid-April
Besides their personal 2 (belong), astronauts also need to “pack” experimental data and samples, so they can be further researched on Earth. And they have to tidy up a large number of materials, 3 (include) goods on the Tianzhou 3 cargo (货物) spacecraft.
Since the space station has no room service, the three astronauts need to “clean the house” 4 (they). The waste is then put into the orbital module, which burns as it re-enters Earth’s atmosphere.
They also have to put all equipment 5 place correctly since there will be a gap of more than one month 6 the astronauts of Shenzhou XIV enter the space station. The crew members need to make sure some items, such as gym equipment, 7 (fix) to the walls to avoid floating and slipping.
Astronauts experience microgravity (微重力) for long periods of time during their stays on the space station, 8 has an effect on their bodies. This includes a loss of fluid, muscle atrophy as well as bone loss. 9 (ensure) their safe and sound return, the three taikonauts have been doing physical exercises to train their muscle for the return to Earth. 10 (base) on their in-orbit physical examinations and data, experts have customized (定制) exercise plans for each of them.
Just like a house that will be empty for a long time must have its water and power switched off, taikonauts need to check everything before they leave.
【答案】
1．the 2．belongings 3．including 4．themselves 5．in 6．before 7．are fixed 8．which 9．To ensure 10．Based
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三位宇航员在离开中国空间站前需要做的事情。
1．考查冠词。句意：在4月中旬离开空间站之前需要做什么 此处特指中国的空间站，应用定冠词the修饰名词space。故填the。
2．考查名词。句意：除了个人物品，宇航员还需要“打包”实验数据和样本，以便在地球上进行进一步研究。空处应填名词作besides的宾语，belonging“所有物”符合题意，可数名词，常用复数形式。故填belongings。
3．考查介词。句意：他们必须整理大量的物资，包括天舟3号货运飞船上的货物。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应填介词including，表示“包括”。故填including。
4．考查反身代词。句意：由于空间站没有客房服务，这三名宇航员需要自己“打扫房间”。结合句意表示“他们亲自”应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
5．考查介词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意表达“在适当的位置”用in place。故填in。
6．考查连词。句意：他们还必须将所有设备正确地放置到位，因为神舟十四号的宇航员进入空间站之前将有一个多月的时间间隔。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用before“在……之前”引导时间状语从句，指“宇航员进入空间站之前一个多月”。故填before。
7．考查时态和语态。句意：工作人员需要确保一些物品，如健身器材，被固定在墙上，以避免漂浮和滑动。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词need判断为一般现在时，主语items和fix之间为被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are fixed。
8．考查定语从句。句意：宇航员在空间站停留期间长时间处于微重力状态，这对他们的身体有影响。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为上文整个句子，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了确保他们的安全和健康返回，三名宇航员一直在进行体育锻炼，以训练他们的肌肉，以便返回地球。结合句意和句子结构可知，空处为目的状语，应用不定式。故填To ensure。
10．考查形容词作状语。句意：专家们根据在轨体检结果和数据，为他们制定了健身计划。be based on“以……为基础，基于……”，此处省略be用形容词作状语。故填Based。
（23-24高一下·江苏淮安·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Medicine Food
Medicine food is 1 unique cooking style in Chinese cuisine. It is a perfect combination (合并) of Chinese cooking and traditional Chinese medicine to get the effects of health keeping. It is a skillful application of the yin and yang (阴阳) theory 2 (strength) the function of food and herbs.
The Chinese sort each type of vegetable and meat in terms of yin and yang, and combine vegetables with meat, 3 will make each cooked dish balanced.
During the 5th century BC, cooks created cuisines with medical values and developed Chinese art of cooking, 4 (use) the nature of food to balance the diet. There were rules on how to arrange daily diet and lists of certain herbs and vegetables beneficial 5 the body.
By the Song dynasty, 6 was recorded that many diseases could be cured through proper diet. Different foods were sorted according to their original mature. Cold foods 7 (believe) to remove fever whale warm foods reduce running noses.
Knowing the nature of individual foods 8 (enable) the Chinese to eat right food to protect 9 (vary) of inside organs and balance the yin and yang of the body. For example, sour food eases some disorders. 10 (slight) sweet food relieves illness related to the veins and bitter food helps to cure an overheated body.
【答案】
1．a 2．to strengthen 3．which 4．using 5．to 6．it 7．were believed 8．enables 9．varieties 10．Slightly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的药膳的益处和历史。
1．考查冠词。句意：药膳是中国菜中独特的烹饪风格。style为可数名词，此处表泛指且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，用不定冠词a。故填a。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是一种巧妙地运用阴阳理论来加强食物和草药的功能。分析句子结构可知strengthen在句中应用非谓语动词形式，此处作目的状语，故用不定式。故填to strengthen。
3．考查定语从句。句意：中国人将各种蔬菜和肉类按照阴阳来分类，并将蔬菜和肉类结合起来，这样做会使每道菜都很均衡。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句缺少主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：公元前5世纪，厨师创造了具有医学价值的菜肴，发展了中国烹饪艺术，利用食物的性质来平衡饮食。分析句子结构可知use在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语cooks构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填using。
5．考查介词。句意：关于如何安排日常饮食以及某些对身体有益的草药和蔬菜的清单有规定。此处为短语be beneficial to表示“对……有益”。故填to。
6．考查代词。句意：到了宋代，据记载，许多疾病可以通过适当的饮食来治愈。此处it作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。故填it。
7．考查时态语态。句意：人们认为冷食可以退烧，而热食可以减少流鼻涕。此句主语是Cold foods指物，谓语动词用被动，又结合上下文可知这里描述的是过去发生的动作，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were believed。
8．考查时态。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。此句Knowing the nature of individual foods是动名词短语做主语，主语为单数，结合下文可知时态用一般现在时。故填enables。
9．考查名词。句意：了解个别食物的性质，使中国人能够吃对食物，以保护内部器官的多样性，平衡身体的阴阳。此处为短语varieties of表示“各种各样的”。故填varieties。
10．考查副词。句意：微甜的食物可以缓解与静脉有关的疾病，而苦味的食物有助于治愈过热的身体。sweet是形容词，应该用副词修饰，副词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Slightly。
（21-22高一下·江苏徐州·阶段练习）语法填空
As the largest rainforest, the Amazon rainforest plays a significant role 1 maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem. The Amazon River, from 2 the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6, 400 kilometres in 3 (long) — roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. The forest’s different 4 (level) provide food and shelter for an unbelievable 5 (vary) of wildlife. More 6 1, 300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the Amazon rainforest’s plant life. The Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species 7 can be used for food or medicine. Over the past 50 years, about 17 percent of the rainforest 8 (disappear) due to human activities. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of 9 (extinct) becomes longer, we are 10 (leave) with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
【答案】
1．in 2．which 3．length 4．levels 5．variety 6．than 7．that/which 8．has disappeared 9．extinction 10．left
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了亚马逊雨林，它是一个自然宝藏，但由于人类活动的影响，过去50年里有17%的雨林消失，越来越多的物种也濒临灭绝，我们应该思考这个一个问题：我们能承受破坏“地球之肺”的代价吗？
1．考查介词。句意：作为最大的雨林，亚马逊雨林在维系地球生态系统的微妙平衡上扮演着举足轻重的角色。play a role in…在……中扮演角色，在……中起关键作用，固定搭配。故填in。
2．考查定语从句。句意：亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6400千米——比长江还长大约100千米。分析句子可知，此处是“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是The Amazon River，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
3．考查名词。句意：亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6400千米——比长江还长大约100千米。此处应用名词作宾语，length长度，不可数名词，故填length。
4．考查名词复数。句意：雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。此处是名词作主语，谓语动词provide使用的是原形，主语应用名词复数形式，故填levels。
5．考查固定短语。句意：雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。a variety of各种各样的，固定短语。故填variety。
6．考查固定短语。句意：1300多种鸟和400多种哺乳动物藏身于这片丛林的植被中。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语more than，意为“多于”。故填than。
7．考查定语从句。句意：亚马孙雨林还是食用物种和药用物种的宝库。空处引导定语从句，先行词是species，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用that或which引导。故填that/which。
8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的50年里，由于人类活动，17%的雨林已经消失了。结合时间状语“Over the past 50 years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是“百分数+不可数名词”，表示单数，助动词应用has。故填has disappeared。
9．考查名词。句意：随着人类活动
