语法填空15篇 高二下 第一次月考 梯度特训 （原卷版+解析版）（人教版2019）

语法填空15篇 高二下 第一次月考 梯度特训
建议用时 90分钟
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
Passage 1
（22-23高二下·山东·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada. Before 1 (start) out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, 2 there were some shops selling crafts and 3 (antique). After that they took the train to Lake Louise, where the blue water took their breath 4 . Their next stop was in Edmonton, a city with daily temperatures 5 (average) —10℃. They had known that Canada is a country which has vast lands but 6 small population. However, they didn’t anticipate 7 (see) such an open country. They were so 8 (amaze). The train thundered on, and the red maple trees outside the window 9 (confirm) that autumn had arrived in Canada. 10 (eventual), they reached their destination — Toronto. The whole journey took them four days.
【答案】
1. starting 2. where 3. antiques 4. away 5. averaging 6. with 7. seeing 8. amazed 9. confirmed 10. Eventually
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是李黛予和刘倩在加拿大旅行的经历。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：出发前，她们在温哥华呆了几天，那里有一些卖工艺品和古董的商店。根据空格前的介词before可知，空格处应该用动名词starting作宾语。故填starting。
2. 考查定语从句。句意：出发前，她们在温哥华呆了几天，那里有一些卖工艺品和古董的商店。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Vancouver进行限定说明，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
3. 考查名词复数。句意：出发前，她们在温哥华呆了几天，那里有一些卖工艺品和古董的商店。antique是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应该用复数形式作宾语。故填antiques。
4. 考查副词。句意：在那之后，他们乘火车前往路易斯湖，那里的蓝色湖水让她们惊叹不已。take one’s breath away“令人惊叹；让人屏息”是固定搭配。故填away。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她们的下一站是埃德蒙顿，这座城市的日均气温为零下10摄氏度。根据空格前的with daily temperatures可知，此处是with复合结构，空格处应该用非谓语动词作宾语补足语；动词average与temperatures之间是逻辑主动关系，所以用现在分词averaging作宾语补足语。故填averaging。
6. 考查介词。句意：她们早就知道加拿大是一个幅员辽阔但人口稀少的国家。根据句意和空格后的名词短语small population可知，空格处应该填入一个介词且意义为“具有”，所以应该用介词with。故填with。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，她们没有想到会看到一个如此开放的国家。此处为短语anticipate doing sth.表示“预料到做某事”，see用动名词形式作宾语。故填seeing。
8. 考查形容词。句意：她们都很惊讶。根据句意和空格前的were可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，且意义为“感到惊讶的”，所以用说明人心理状态的-ed形容词amazed。故填amazed。
9. 考查时态。句意：火车轰隆隆地开着，窗外的红枫证实了秋天已经来到了加拿大。空格处是谓语动词，根据上文的并列谓语thundered和下文的宾语从句谓语had arrived可知，描述过去发生的事，应该用一般过去时。故填confirmed。
10. 考查副词。句意：最后，她们到达了目的地——多伦多。空格处作状语，修饰下文的句子，应该用副词eventually，首字母大写。故填Eventually。
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·湖南长沙·开学考试）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world-famous art museum Musée d’Orsay 1 (house) some of the best-known Impressionist 2 (paint) of the 19th century. When I 3 (wander) there and laid eyes on the masterpieces, mostly I 4 (strike) by the works of the two Impressionists Claude Monet and Pierre·Auguste Renoir. Monet, 5 works were greatly inspired by nature, brought the same water lily pond’s beauty to the canvas in 6 unique way, using different colors and styles. Renoir preferred to paint scenes of everyday life with little clear detail. All in all, Impressionists focused 7 everyday subject matter, 8 (employ) free brushwork and colors to create far 9 (little) realistic works. Impressionism has had a 10 (last) influence on both the Post-Impressionists and modern art.
【答案】
1. houses 2. paintings 3. wandered 4. was struck 5. whose 6. a 7. on 8. employing 9. less 10. lasting
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者对世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏的一些19世纪最著名的印象派绘画的感受。
1. 考查主谓一致。句意：世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏了一些19世纪最著名的印象派画作。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语the world-famous art museum（世界著名博物馆）为单数形式，与house（收藏）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且该句陈述一般事实，因此需使用其一般现在时的单数形式。故填houses。
2. 考查名词复数。句意：世界著名的艺术博物馆Musée d’Orsay收藏了一些19世纪最著名的印象派画作。分析句子结构可知，some（一些）后接可数名词复数形式，根据语境可知，该句表示“一些画作”，应使用painting（绘画；画作）的复数形式。故填paintings。
3. 考查时态。句意：当我漫步在那里，欣赏这些杰作时，最让我印象深刻的是两位印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿的作品。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语I与wander（漫步）之间是逻辑上的主动关系，且根据laid可知，该句陈述过去事实，空处应使用一般过去式形式。故填wandered。
4. 考查被动语态。句意：当我漫步在那里，欣赏这些杰作时，最让我印象深刻的是两位印象派画家克劳德·莫奈和皮埃尔·奥古斯特·雷诺阿的作品。分析句子结构可知，空处在句中作谓语，主语I与strike（冲击）之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，且根据陈述过去事实，因此需使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was struck。
5. 考查定语从句。句意：莫奈的作品深受大自然的启发，他用不同的色彩和风格，以独特的方式将同样的睡莲池之美带到画布上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作定语，因此可使用关系代词whose引导定语从句。故填whose。
6. 考查冠词。句意：莫奈的作品深受大自然的启发，他用不同的色彩和风格，以独特的方式将同样的睡莲池之美带到画布上。分析句子结构可知，空处泛指“一种独特的方式”，且unique（独特的）是以辅音音素开头的单词，因此可使用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
7. 考查介词。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定短语focus on，意为“关注；专注于”。故填on。
8. 考查非谓语。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语focus（关注），空处应在句中作非谓语形式作状语，主语impressionists与employ之间是逻辑上的主动关系，因此需使用其现在分词形式表主动。故填employing。
9. 考查比较级。句意：总而言之，印象派专注于日常主题，使用自由的笔法和色彩来创作远不现实的作品。分析句子结构可知，副词far（非常）后接比较级，且此处表示“远不现实的”，空处应使用little的比较级形式。故填less。
10. 考查形容词。句意：印象派对后印象派和现代艺术都产生了持久的影响。分析句子结构可知，空处需使用形容词lasting（持久的）在句中作定语修饰名词influence（影响）。故填lasting。
【点睛】
Passage 3
（24-25高二下·江西上饶·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Queen Elizabeth II, Britain’s longest-reigning monarch in history, died 1 (peace) aged 96”, Buckingham Palace 2 (announce) on Thursday.
Her 73-year-old son Prince Charles will become Britain’s new monarch and will be known 3 King Charles III next week. “ 4 death of my beloved Mother, Her Majesty The Queen, is a moment of the greatest 5 (sad) for me and all members of my family. We mourn profoundly the passing of a cherished Sovereign and a much-loved Mother.” King Charles said in a statement.
Britain’s Prime Minister Liz Truss, 6 (appoint) by the queen on Tuesday, said the country was “devastated” (巨大的打击) and called Elizabeth “the rock on 7 modern Britain was built”.
Elizabeth was born in London, England, in April 1926, the 8 (old) one of George VI’s two daughters. 9 (live) with her parents and sister, she spent a happy childhood. In 1947, she 10 (marry) to Philip, a Greek and Danish prince.
【答案】
1. peacefully 2. announced 3. as 4. The 5. sadness 6. appointed 7. which 8. older/elder 9. Living 10. was married
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道了伊丽莎白二世逝世的消息，以及她的从政史。
1. 考查副词。句意：白金汉宫周四宣布：“英国历史上在位时间最长的君主伊丽莎白二世平静去世，享年96岁。”空处修饰动词died，用副词作状语。故填peacefully。
2. 考查动词时态。句意同上。空处作谓语，表示过去的事情，用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填announced。
3. 考查介词。句意：她73岁的儿子查尔斯王子将成为英国的新君主，下周将被称为国王查尔斯三世。be known as意思为：被称为，固定短语。故填as。
4. 考查名词。句意：我敬爱的母亲，女王陛下的去世，对我和我的所有家庭成员来说，是一个最悲伤的时刻。此处death特指女王的去世，用定冠词表示特指。放在句首，首字母大写。故填The。
5. 考查名词。句意同上。空处作介词宾语，用sad的名词形式sadness，不可数。故填sadness。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：英国女王周二任命的英国首相利兹·特拉斯表示，英国“满目疮痍”，并称伊丽莎白是“现代英国的基石”。空处作定语，修饰Britain’s Prime Minister Liz Truss，与appoint构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词。故填appointed。
7. 考查定语从句。句意同上。先行词为the rock，作定语从句中介词on的宾语，表示物，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
8. 考查形容词的级。句意：伊丽莎白1926年4月出生在英国伦敦，是乔治六世两个女儿中较大的一个。空处修饰one，表示“年纪较大的”用old的比较级older/elder。故填older/elder。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：她与父母和妹妹一起生活，度过了快乐的童年。空处作状语，she与live构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词，放在句首，首字母大写。故填Living。
10. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：1947年，她嫁给了希腊和丹麦王子菲利普。空处作谓语，根据时间状语In 1947可知，句子描述过去的事情，用一般过去时，且she与marry构成逻辑上的被动关系，用被动语态，主语为单数。故填was married。
Passage 4
（24-25高二下·全国·课后作业）语法填空
Jade is plainlooking, but she’d love to look good. So she spends hours every day 1 (edit) her selfies, posting them and eagerly checking her phone for 2 (comment). Each “like” boosts her 3 (confident). Anthony wouldn’t care about his appearance. But he was surprised at how good he looked after the makeover! At that moment, he perceived that external beauty isn’t 4 (total) worthless. Emma is larger 5 other girls and in the past this really bothered her. Everything changed when one day she came across the success story of a plussize model, Tess Holliday. Her story has changed Emma’s ideas about what it 6 (mean) to be beautiful. She realised that mental and physical health is 7 (important) thing. Dr Hart thinks that the image Jade presents 8 (obtain) the praise of others is false, that making an effort with our appearance can leave a positive first impression on others 9 boost our confidence, and that being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty 10 confidence.
【答案】
1. editing 2. comments 3. confidence 4. totally 5. than 6. means 7. the most important 8. to obtain 9. and 10. with
【导语】本篇文章属于夹叙夹议文。先是叙述了Jade、Anthony、Emma三人对自身外貌及美的不同看法与经历，后通过Dr Hart的观点展开议论，探讨外表、自信与美的关系 。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：所以她每天花几个小时编辑她的自拍，发布它们并急切地查看手机以获取评论。分析句子可知，这里考查spend time (in) doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“花费时间做某事”，所以此空应填动名词作宾语。故填editing。
2. 考查名词复数。句意：所以她每天花几个小时编辑她的自拍，发布它们并急切地查看手机以获取评论。分析句子可知，comment，表“评论”，为可数名词，此处指获取多条评论，应用复数形式。故填comments。
3. 考查名词。句意：每一个“赞”都增强了她的自信心。分析句子可知，her为形容词性物主代词，后接名词，confident的名词形式为confidence，表“自信”，为不可数名词。故填confidence。
4. 考查副词。句意：在那一刻，他意识到外在美并非完全毫无价值。分析句子可知，worthless为形容词，需用副词修饰，total的副词形式为totally。故填totally。
5. 考查介词。句意：Emma比其他女孩体型更大，在过去这真的困扰着她。分析句子可知，句中有比较级larger，需用than引出比较对象。故填than。
6. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：她的故事改变了艾玛对于美的意义的看法。分析句子可知，what引导宾语从句，从句描述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语it为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用means。故填means。
7. 考查形容词最高级。句意：她意识到身心健康才是最重要的。分析句子可知，此处表示“最重要的”，应用形容词最高级，important的最高级为the most important。故填the most important。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Hart博士认为Jade为了获得他人赞扬而展现出的形象是虚假的。分析句子可知，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to obtain。
9. 考查连词。句意：努力打理我们的外表能给别人留下积极的第一印象，并且增强我们的自信心。分析句子可知，“leave a positive first impression on others”与 “boost our confidence” 为并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。
10. 考查介词。句意：健康就是美，我们应该自信地展现这种美。分析句子可知，这里考查with confidence，为固定搭配，意为“自信地”。故填with。
Passage 5
（23-24高二下·四川成都·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Florida boy who called 911 because he was lonely has now made friends with a kind-hearted police officer.
Tallahassee police officer Joe White responded 1 .a call made by a sixyearold boy.While there 2 (be) no emergency at the house, White said the child was upset and told him he was lonely.
“It took Officer White some time 3 (explain) how 911 is used and how it’s for emergencies,” read a post on the Tallahassee Police Department’s Facebook page.“Then Officer White said he'd always like to be a friend!”
In addition to 4 (give) the child a lesson on the proper use of 911, White gave the child a stuffed animal and let him sit in his car.
Since the heartwarming story was shared on Facebook, it 5 (attract) hundreds of comments from people 6 (touch) by the tale.
“It’s such 7 extraordinary story! I really admire Officer White for being just what this young man needed — a friend. And it’s also a great opportunity for a learning experience — the 8 (important) of using 911 properly.What White has done 9 (positive) influences those 10 have been inspired by this story. I hope they will keep up the friendship,” wrote Jean Smith.
【答案】
1. to 2. was 3. to explain 4. giving 5. has attracted 6. touched 7. an 8. importance 9. positively 10. who
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了一位6岁小男孩和接警的一位警官之间的故事，警官给了小男孩最需要的东西——朋友。
1. 考查介词。句意：塔拉哈西警官乔·怀特接到一名6岁男孩的电话后做出了回应。responded to意为“响应，回答”，固定搭配。故填to。
2. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：怀特说，虽然家里没有紧急情况，但孩子很难过，告诉他自己很孤独。根据“said”可知，此处用一般过去时，there be句型主语在后面，emergency为单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。故填was。
3. 考查非谓语动词。句意：塔拉哈西警察局Facebook页面上的一篇帖子写道：“怀特警官花了一些时间来解释911是如何使用的，以及它是如何应对紧急情况的。”It took sb. time/money to do sth.花费某人时间或金钱做某事，句中不定式作主语。故填to explain。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：除了教孩子如何正确使用911，怀特还给了孩子一个毛绒玩具，让他坐在自己的车里。in addition to除了，to为介词，介词后跟动名词形式。故填giving。
5. 考查时态。句意：自从这个暖心的故事在Facebook上分享后，它吸引了数百条被故事感动的人的评论。根据“Since the heartwarming story was shared on Facebook”可知，使用现在完成时，主语为it，助动词用has。故填has attracted。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：自从这个暖心的故事在Facebook上分享后，它吸引了数百条被故事感动的人的评论。非谓语动词作定语修饰people，people与touch是被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。故填touched。
7. 考查冠词。句意：这是一个多么不寻常的故事啊！story为可数名词，第一次出现，要用不定冠词，不定冠词后单词extraordinary首字母发音为元音音素，所以用不定冠词an。故填an。
8. 考查名词。句意：这也是一个很好的学习经验的机会——正确使用911的重要性。the+n.+of为固定结构，空处需填抽象名词importance。故填importance。
9. 考查副词。句意：特所做的一切对那些受到这个故事启发的人产生了积极的影响。修饰谓语动词要用副词，句中修饰谓语动词 influences。故填positively。
10. 考查定语从句。句意：特所做的一切对那些受到这个故事启发的人产生了积极的影响。空处引导定语从句，先行词those，指人，在定语从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。
Passage 6
（24-25高二下·甘肃武威·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Shadow puppetry (皮影戏), also called shadow play, got 1 (it) start thousands of years ago in China and India. This unique form of storytelling is the 2 (old) type of puppetry in the world.
Shadow puppets are figures 3 are placed between a light and a screen. Moving them creates the illusion (假象) of moving pictures on the screen. An 4 (experience) puppeteer can make figures appear to walk, talk, fight and dance.
China, India, Indonesia and Turkey have been very important in the 5 (develop) of this art form over time. The types of stories 6 (tell) by shadow puppetry vary from country to country. For example, in China, shadow plays are usually based on Chinese folk tales.
Traditional Chinese shadow puppets are 7 (make) out of animal skin. Today, you might see different kinds of shadow puppets. Many of them also contain paper, plastic, wood or cloth. You can’t imagine 8 creative puppeteers can be when making their puppets. Shadow puppets are usually made from separate 9 (piece) and then put them together with strings (线) or wires (金属丝). The strings or wires are usually attached 10 long sticks that the puppeteer will use them to control the movement of the puppet.
【答案】
1. its 2. oldest 3. that/which 4. experienced 5. development 6. told 7. made 8. how 9. pieces 10. to
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统艺术皮影戏的特点，发展以及制作等等。
1. 考查代词。句意：皮影戏，起源于几千年的中国和印度。空处修饰名词start，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
2. 考查形容词最高级。句意：这种独特的讲故事方式是世界上最古老的木偶戏。结合空前的the和空后in the world可知此处使用形容词最高级，故填oldest。
3. 考查定语从句。句意：皮影戏是放置在灯光和屏幕之间的人物。空处引导定语从句，先行词是figures，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词that/which引导，故填that/which。
4. 考查形容词。句意：一个有经验的木偶师可以使木偶看起来像走路、说话、打架和跳舞。空处修饰名词puppeteer，应填形容词作定语，故填experienced。
5. 考查名词。句意：随着时间的推移，中国、印度、印度尼西亚和土耳其对这种艺术形式的发展非常重要。空处作in的宾语，前面有冠词修饰，应填名词形式，故填development。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：皮影戏讲述的故事类型因国家而异。vary为谓语动词，tell和stories之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填told。
7. 考查被动语态。句意：传统的中国皮影是用兽皮制作的。make和主语Traditional Chinese shadow puppets之间是被动关系，使用过去分词，和前面的are构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填made。
8. 考查宾语从句。句意：你无法想象木偶师在制作木偶时是多么有创造力。空处引导宾语从句，修饰creative，用连接副词how，故填how。
9. 考查名词复数。句意：皮影通常由分开的碎片制成，然后用绳子或电线把它们组合在一起。piece是可数名词，结合separate可知此处使用名词复数形式，故填pieces。
10. 考查介词。句意：绳子或电线通常被固定在长棒上，木偶操纵者将使用它们来控制木偶的运动。be attached to“被固定在……上”，固定短语，故填to。
Passage 7
（24-25高二下·湖南·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ramie (苎麻), the main clothing material for Chinese people since ancient times. is also known as “Chinese grass” in the world. The ramie output in China accounts for more than 90% 1 of the world. The linen (亚麻布) woven with ramie is consequently called “Grass Cloth”. Since ramie raw material has a thick gum and is irregular in texture, each step of procedure is 2 (pure) manual. In that case, the weaver should complete more than a dozen steps before they finish making the clothes.
Right now, ancient pure wooden looms (织布机) along with many grass cloth products 3 (place) in the spacious exhibition hall, all looking so 4 (fascinate) to the eyes. In old times, on a farmhouse engaged 5 the production of grass cloth, you could always see a busy scene 6 workers washed the thin fibers between the ramie skin and the straw, and got the ramie silk as the raw material of grass cloth. Today, only some farmers are making grass cloth, most of them 7 (work) in family-run workshops.
Huang Xiuying, 8 only seventh-generation inheritor of the family business, has carried out many bold 9 (innovation), integrating the aesthetics of the times, and using popular art design and cultural packaging 10 (give) grass cloth more sense of the times.
【答案】
1. that 2. purely 3. are placed 4. fascinating 5. in 6. where 7. working 8. the 9. innovations 10. to give
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了草布的制作原料和工艺等内容。
1. 考查代词。句意：中国苎麻产量占世界总产量的90%以上。空格处指代“全世界苎麻的产量”，结合上文“The ramie output in China”可知，空格处为同类异物特指，且output不可数，应用that，相当于the output (of the world)。故填that。
2. 考查副词。句意：由于苎麻原料胶厚，质地不规则，所以每一步都是纯手工制作的。空格处修饰下文的形容词manual，应该用副词purely作状语。故填purely。
3. 考查时态和语态。句意：现在，古老的纯木制织机和许多草布产品被放置在宽敞的展厅里，看起来非常迷人。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语right now可知，用一般现在时；主语ancient pure wooden looms与谓语动词place之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态；主语是复数形式，be动词用are。故填are place。
4. 考查形容词。句意：现在，古老的纯木制织机和许多草布产品被放置在宽敞的展厅里，看起来非常迷人。根据空格前的系动词looking可知，空格处应该用形容词作表语，逻辑主语all指的是上文提到的展厅里的东西，所以应该用形容词fascinating。故填fascinating。
5. 考查介词。句意：古时候，在从事 草布生产的农家，总能看到一个忙碌的景象 ，工人们把麻皮和稻草之间的细纤维洗净，得到作为草布原料的麻丝。engaged in“从事于……”是固定搭配。故填in。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：古时候，在从事 草布生产的农家，总能看到一个忙碌的景象 ，工人们把麻皮和稻草之间的细纤维洗净，得到作为草布原料的麻丝。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词scene进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今仅有少数农户仍在制作夏布，其中大多数人仍在家庭作坊中劳作。空格处应该用非谓语动词与空格前的most of them构成独立主格，动词work与逻辑主语most of them之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词working。故填working。
8. 考查冠词。句意：黄秀英，作为该家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，已推行多项大胆创新，通过融合时代美学，并运用流行艺术设计与文化包装，赋予夏布更强的时代感。根据空格前的Huang Xiuying和空格后的only可知，此处是特指该家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，应该用定冠词。故填the。
9. 考查名词复数。句意：黄秀英，作为该家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，已推行多项大胆创新，通过融合时代美学，并运用流行艺术设计与文化包装，赋予夏布更强的时代感。根据空格前的has carried out many可知，空格处应该用复数名词innovations作宾语。故填innovations。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：黄秀英，作为该家族企业唯一的第七代传承人，已推行多项大胆创新，通过融合时代美学，并运用流行艺术设计与文化包装，赋予夏布更强的时代感。根据上文的using可知，此处考查固定搭配use something to do，所以，空格处用不定式作目的状语。故填to give。
Passage 8
（24-25高二下·湖南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
China, 1 rich history and diverse culture have long fascinated the world, is 2 (current) experiencing a remarkable tourism boom, especially during the Spring Festival.
Apart 3 the Spring Festival travel rush among Chinese people, “China Travel” has been gaining popularity across the globe. Foreign tourists, greatly 4 (attract) by the charm of the “intangible cultural heritage” Spring Festival, are flocking to various parts of China.
Since November 8,2024, when China 5 (launch) a series of promotional campaigns with the aim of promoting international cultural exchange and domestic 6 (consume) in tourism industry, the number of inbound tourists has risen significantly. This policy allows foreigners with transit visa-free privileges (特权) 7 (stay) up to 240 hours, which is a great convenience for international travelers. With the visa-free policy in place, many tourists can now enjoy a more flexible travel schedule to explore multiple cities within the permitted time.
8 is interesting to note that in bustling metropolises like Shanghai and Beijing, foreign tourists have even doubled in number, 9 (bring) new vitality to the local tourism industry. The interactions between local residents and foreign tourists are quite 10 (harmony). The local residents are always delighted to meet visitors from different countries and share their local cultures.
【答案】
1. whose 2. currently 3. from 4. attracted 5. launched 6. consumption 7. to stay 8. It 9. bringing 10. harmonious
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国旅游业的蓬勃发展及原因。
1. 考查定语从句。句意：中国，其悠久的历史和多元的文化长期以来一直吸引着世界，目前正在经历一个显著的旅游繁荣，尤其是在春节期间。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the China，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
2. 考查副词。句意同上。本空修饰动词experiencing，应用副词currently“目前”，作状语。故填currently。
3. 考查介词。句意：除了中国人春节期间的出行热潮，“中国游”也在全球范围内越来越受欢迎。表示“除了……”用固定短语apart from，符合题意。故填from。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：外国游客被“非物质文化遗产”春节的魅力深深吸引，纷纷涌向中国各地。本句谓语为are flocking to，此处为非谓语动词，且Foreign tourists与attract“吸引”为被动关系，应用过去分词，作定语。故填attracted。
5. 考查动词时态。句意：自2024年11月8日中国启动一系列宣传活动，旨在促进国际文化交流和国内旅游业的消费以来，入境游客数量显著增加。本空为when引导的时间状语从句的谓语，从句描述过去的动作，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用launch“发启”的过去式。故填launched。
6. 考查名词。句意同上。本空作of的宾语，表示“消费”，应用名词consumption。故填consumption。
7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这项政策允许有过境免签特权的外国人在境内停留长达240小时，这对国际旅行者来说非常方便。本句谓语为allows，此处为非谓语动词，allow sb. to do sth.表示“允许某人做某事”，不定式作宾补。故填to stay。
8. 考查it作形式主语。句意：有趣的是，在上海、北京等繁华都市，外国游客的数量甚至翻了一番，为当地旅游业带来了新的活力。此处为“it be+adj.+to do sth.”结构，it作形式主语，不定式to note为真正主语，本空用it，符合题意。句首单词首字母要大写，故填It。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。that引导的宾语从句的谓语为have even doubled，此处为非谓语动词，本空表示自然而然地结果，故用bring“带来”的现在分词，作状语。故填bringing。
10. 考查形容词。句意：当地居民和外国游客之间的互动非常和谐。本空作表语，表示“和谐的”，应用形容词harmonious。故填harmonious。
Passage 9
（24-25高二下·湖南长沙·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jade (玉) carving, an ancient Chinese art, is seeing a revival in Suzhou. Skilled artisans are bringing new life to this craft, 1 (connect) innovation with tradition.
Yu Ting, a Suzhou-based jade carver, is at 2 center of this movement. Using advanced tools, he creates 3 (extreme) thin jade pieces, some less than 0.5mm thick. One of his most 4 (remark) works is a 34 cm tall bottle decorated with intricate patterns. Starting with 39 kg of raw jade, the 5 (finish) piece weighs only 478 grams. The creation process, 6 lasted three years, required great attention, as even the slightest mistake could destroy the piece.
Another notable figure is Yang Xi, a national-level master of jade carving. Inspired by Suzhou’s waterways and cultural heritage, he transforms jade into bridges, leaves, and scenes from Chinese literature, His skill in turning unused jade into beautiful decorations shows his 7 (commit) to creativity and sustainability.
Both Yu and Yang are enthusiastic 8 developing their craft to meet modern tastes while preserving its history. Recently, their works 9 (earn) global recognition, with pieces displayed in collections like the British Museum. Together, they are allowing the legacy of jade carving 10 (shine) in the modern era.
【答案】
1. connecting 2. the 3. extremely 4. remarkable 5. finished 6. which 7. commitment 8. about 9. have earned/earned 10. to shine
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了古老的中国艺术——玉雕在苏州的复兴，讲述了玉雕师俞挺和杨曦的创作情况，他们的作品获得了全球认可。
1. 查非谓语动词。句意：技艺精湛的工匠们正赋予这项工艺新的生命，将创新与传统相结合。“(connect) innovation with tradition”在句中作伴随状语，connect (结合)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语Skilled artisans之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填connecting。
2. 考查冠词。句意：俞挺，一位苏州的玉雕师，处于这场运动的中心。at the center of是固定短语，意为“在……的中心”。故填the。
3. 考查副词。句意：他使用先进的工具，制作出极其薄的玉片，有些厚度不到0.5毫米。提示词修饰形容词thin，用副词extremely作状语，意为“极其，非常”。故填extremely。
4. 考查形容词。句意：他最引人注目的作品之一是一个34厘米高、装饰有复杂图案的瓶子。提示词修饰名词works，用形容词remarkable作定语，意为“引人注目的，非凡的”。故填remarkable。
5. 考查形容词。句意：从39公斤的原石开始，完成后的作品仅重478克。提示词修饰名词piece，用形容词finished作定语，意为“完成了的，制成的”。故填finished。
6. 考查定语从句。句意：创作过程持续了三年，需要高度专注，因为哪怕是最轻微的错误都可能毁掉这件作品。“____ lasted three years”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The creation process，指物，关系词将其代入定语从句中作主语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
7. 考查名词。句意：他将废弃的玉石变成美丽装饰品的技巧显示了他对创造力和可持续性的承诺。提示词作宾语，用名词commitment，意为“承诺，奉献”，不可数名词。故填commitment。
8. 考查介词。句意：俞挺和杨曦都热衷于发展他们的技艺，以满足现代品味，同时保留其历史。be enthusiastic about是固定短语，意为“热衷于，对……充满热情”。故填about。
9. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：最近，他们的作品赢得了全球认可，作品在大英博物馆等收藏中展出。earn(赢得)是谓语动词，与主语their works之间是主动关系，根据时间状语Recently可知，可表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，用现在完成时态，主语是复数名词，助动词用have，也可表示过去发生的事情，用一般过去时态。故填have earned/earned。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们共同让玉雕的遗产在现代闪耀光芒。allow sb/sth to do sth是固定用法，意为“使某人/某物做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to shine。
Passage 10
（24-25高二下·浙江温州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scroll through any social-media feed, and before long a cute video will appear. Perhaps it shows a giggling baby 1 a rabbit nibbling strawberries. On TikTok there are 65 million videos tagged # cute. The demand is even 2 (great): those videos have been viewed more than 625 billion times. What do humans consider cute
In the 1940s, Konrad Lorenz, 3 Austrian zoologist, found that people were drawn to babies with big eyes, a small nose and mouth and round cheeks, as well as a slightly fat body, short arms and legs. Humans are so drawn to these features 4 cats and dogs may have been kept to emphasize those same features. Cartoon characters have changed, too. For instance, Mickey Mouse’s arms, legs and nose have shrunk since 1928, while his head and eyes 5 (become) larger.
Cuteness actually has real-world 6 (use). Lovot, a childlike companion robot with a button nose, 7 (equip) with many sensors and responds positively when hugged. Such innovations may help alleviate 8 (lonely) among the elderly. Policymakers, too, might use the power of cuteness to affect people’s behavior. Japan’s kawaii barriers are thought to reduce road-rage (路怒) incidents. 9 (put) images on bins of sea turtles or dolphins trapped in rubbish has been shown to reduce plastic waste.
An appreciation for cute things is a joy in and of itself, but it may also have the potential 10 (change) the world. How’s that for a cute idea
【答案】
1. or 2. greater 3. an 4. that 5. have become 6. uses 7. is equipped 8. loneliness 9. Putting 10. to change
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了可爱事物的特征，如大眼睛、小鼻子等，还阐述了可爱事物在现实世界中的用途，如缓解老人孤独、影响人们行为等。
1. 考查连词。句意：也许它展示了一个咯咯笑的婴儿或者一只正在啃草莓的兔子。“a giggling baby”和“a rabbit nibbling strawberries”是两种不同的可爱场景，表示选择关系，用连词or连接。故填or。
2. 考查形容词比较级。句意：需求甚至更大：那些视频的观看次数已经超过625亿次。根据“even”以及语境，这里是将需求的程度进行对比，要用形容词的比较级greater作表语，意为“更大的”。故填greater。
3. 考查冠词。句意：20世纪40年代，奥地利动物学家康拉德·洛伦茨发现，人们会被大眼睛、小鼻子和嘴巴、圆脸颊以及稍微胖一点的身体、短胳膊和短腿的婴儿所吸引。可数名词zoologist在句中表示“一位动物学家”，泛指，且Austrian发音以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
4. 考查结果状语从句。句意：人类如此被这些特征所吸引，以至于猫和狗可能被饲养来强调那些相同的特征。“so...that...”是固定句型，表示“如此……以至于……”，that引导结果状语从句。故填that。
5. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，自1928年以来，米老鼠的胳膊、腿和鼻子变小了，而他的头和眼睛变得更大了。become(变得)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“since 1928”可知，描述过去持续到现在的动作，要用现在完成时态，主语“his head and eyes”是复数概念，助动词用have。故填have become。
6. 考查名词。句意：可爱实际上有现实世界的用途。可数名词use作宾语，意为“用途”，结合常识和上下文，可爱有多种用途，用复数形式uses。故填uses。
7. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：Lovot是一款有着纽扣鼻的孩童模样的陪伴机器人，配备了许多传感器，被拥抱时会做出积极反应。equip(装备，配备)是谓语动词，与主语Lovot之间是被动关系，句子描述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是专有名词，谓语用单数形式，be equipped with (配备)。故填is equipped。
8. 考查名词。句意：这样的创新可能有助于缓解老年人的孤独感。提示词作宾语，用名词loneliness，意为“孤独感”，不可数名词。故填loneliness。
9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在垃圾桶上贴上被困在垃圾中的海龟或海豚的图片已被证明可以减少塑料垃圾。“____ (put) images on bins of sea turtles or dolphins trapped in rubbish”在句中作主语，用动名词形式putting作主语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Putting。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：对可爱事物的欣赏本身就是一种乐趣，但它也有可能改变世界。“have the potential to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“有做某事的潜力”，用不定式作后置定语。故填to change。
Passage 11
（24-25高二下·安徽·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Blend of East and West
Imagine seeing the story of Journey to the West take place in a world much like The Lord of the Rings. This is the setting of The New Legends of Monkey, a 2018 TV series from Australia and New Zealand 1 (produce) in cooperation with Netflix.
Set in a “blend of East and West”, this series reimagines the classic Chinese tale, 2 (spark) conversations about its major changes 3 the original story, characters and setting. The characters don’t look like animals or monsters at all. Monkey King, Pigsy and Sandy are played by beautiful young people. The monk Tripitaka 4 (play) by a woman, who isn’t actually a monk and wants to escape an attack on the monastery (寺院) 5 she was raised.
6 (ground) the show in local culture, the team placed special focus on casting actors from diverse racial 7 (background). Despite this effort, Chai Hansen, a Thai-Australian actor who plays Monkey King, is the only main character of Asian descent, 8 choice that drew some criticism from audiences. The series also includes more female 9 (represent) than the original story, with both Sandy and Tripika played by women, the latter shown as a teenager.
Although it doesn’t show that much “Chinese-ness”, The New Legends of Monkey succeeds in promoting Journey to the West to an Australian and New Zealand audience, 10 (particular) among teenagers. “It’s good seeing those actors play roles very different to what you would usually see,” wrote a reviewer.
【答案】
1. produced 2. sparking 3. to 4. is played 5. where 6. To ground 7. backgrounds 8. a 9. representation 10. particularly
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是《新猴王传奇》如何重新诠释经典中国故事，并在澳大利亚和新西兰青少年中引起共鸣。
1. 考查过去分词。句意：这是由澳大利亚和新西兰与Netflix合作制作的2018年电视剧《新猴王传奇》的背景设定。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词TV series，produce与TV series之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填produced。
2. 考查现在分词。句意：这个系列重新想象了经典的中国故事，引发了关于其对原故事、角色和设置的重大变化的讨论。此处为非谓语动词作状语，spark与逻辑主语this series之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填sparking。
3. 考查介词。句意：这个系列重新想象了经典的中国故事，引发了关于其对原故事、角色和设置的重大变化的讨论。根据前文changes可知，此处用于引导比较的对象，表示“对……的变化”符合句意，所以此处使用介词to。故填to。
4. 考查谓语动词。句意：僧人三藏由一位女性扮演，她实际上并不是和尚，并希望逃离抚养她的寺院遭受的攻击。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及全文的语境，此处是对《新猴王传奇》的客观介绍，所以使用一般现在时，play与主语The monk Tripitaka之间为被动关系，且主语为第三人称单数。故填is played。
5. 考查定语从句。句意：僧人三藏由一位女性扮演，她实际上并不是和尚，并希望逃离抚养她的寺院遭受的攻击。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，所以使用关系副词，先行词monastery，表示地点，所以使用关系副词where。故填where。
6. 考查动词不定式。句意：为了使节目扎根于当地文化，团队特别注重选角，选择了来自不同种族背景的演员。此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式形式作目的状语，位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填To ground。
7. 考查名词复数。句意：为了使节目扎根于当地文化，团队特别注重选角，选择了来自不同种族背景的演员。此处为名词作宾语，background意为“背景”为可数名词，由于前面有diverse修饰，所以使用名词复数形式。故填backgrounds。
8. 考查冠词。句意：尽管做出了这些努力，饰演美猴王的泰国裔澳大利亚演员柴·汉森（Chai Hansen）是唯一一位有亚洲血统的主要角色，这一选择受到了一些观众的批评。choice意为“选择”为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处表示“一个选择”作同位语，表示泛指意义，且choice的首个音素为辅音，所以使用不定冠词a。故填a。
9. 考查名词。句意：该系列还包括比原故事更多的女性代表，其中沙僧和三藏都由女性扮演，后者被描绘成青少年。此处为名词作宾语，represent的名词为representation意为“代表”。故填representation。
10. 考查副词。句意：虽然它并没有展示那么多的“中国特色”，但《新猴王传奇》成功地将《西游记》推广给了澳大利亚和新西兰的观众，特别是在青少年中。此处为副词作状语修饰介词短语among teenagers，particular的副词为particularly意为“特别是，尤其”符合句意。故填particularly。
Passage 12
（24-25高二下·江苏泰州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ecological environment in the Sanjiangyuan National Park in northwest China’s Qinghai Province 1 (continue) to improve since the establishment of the national park in 2021, with water conservation capacity increasing by more than 6 percent annually, according to a newly 2 (release) report on the park’s development.
The park delivers over 60 billion cubic meters of high-quality freshwater downstream every year, 3 the grassland coverage and grass yield in the park have increased by over 11 percent and 30 percent 4 (respective), according to the report.
5 (locate) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region serves as the headwaters for the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, and is known as the “Water Tower of Asia’’. In 2021, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, along with other four parks, 6 (list) as China’s first batch of national parks. The park has a total area of 190,700 square km, with an average altitude (海拔) of 4,700 meters.
According to Losang Tsering, 7 is an engineer of the Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration, the park has prioritized ecological restoration over the years, 8 (focus) on ecosystems such as glaciers and snow-capped mountains, high-altitude grasslands and meadows.
The Sanjiangyuan region is a typical 9 (represent) of the alpine (高山的) ecosystem and serves as an alpine biological germplasm bank, making 10 a crucial ecological security barrier in China.
【答案】
1. has continued 2. released 3. and 4. respectively 5. Located 6. was listed 7. who 8. focusing 9. representative 10. it
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三江源国家公园及其重要意义。
1. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：根据最新发布的一份关于中国西北部青海省三江源国家公园发展的报告，自2021年成立以来，三江源国家公园的生态环境持续改善，节水能力每年增长6%以上。根据“since the establishment of the national park in 2021”可知，此处应用现在完成时，其结构为 “have/has +过去分词”，主语 “The ecological environment” 是单数，助动词用has，“continue”的过去分词是continued。故填has continued。
2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据最新发布的一份关于中国西北部青海省三江源国家公园发展的报告，自2021年成立以来，三江源国家公园的生态环境持续改善，节水能力每年增长6%以上。“report”与 “release” 之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作定语修饰 “report”，“release”的过去分词是released。故填released。
3. 考查连词。句意：该报告称，该公园每年向下游输送超过600亿立方米的优质淡水，公园的草地覆盖率和产草量分别增长了11%和30%以上。根据句意可知，设空处前后句为并列关系，所以连词and连接。故填and。
4. 考查副词。句意：该报告称，该公园每年向下游输送超过600亿立方米的优质淡水，公园的草地覆盖率和产草量分别增长了11%和30%以上。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词respectively表示“分别地”修饰动词have increased。故填respectively。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：三江源地区位于青藏高原，是长江、黄河、澜沧江的源头，被誉为“亚洲水塔”。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，locate和逻辑主语the Sanjiangyuan region为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填Located。
6. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：2021年，三江源国家公园与其他四个国家公园一起被列为中国首批国家公园。根据 “In 2021”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，“the Sanjiangyuan National Park”与“list”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语“the Sanjiangyuan National Park”是单数，be动词用was，“list”的过去分词是 listed。故填was listed。
7. 考查定语从句。句意：据三江源国家公园管理局的工程师Losang Tsering介绍，该公园多年来一直把生态恢复放在首位，重点关注冰川、雪山、高海拔草原和草甸等生态系统。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是“Losang Tsering”，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导该定语从句。故填who。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：据三江源国家公园管理局的工程师Losang Tsering介绍，该公园多年来一直把生态恢复放在首位，重点关注冰川、雪山、高海拔草原和草甸等生态系统。此处为非谓语动词作状语，focus和逻辑主语the park为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填focusing。
9. 考查名词。句意：三江源地区是高寒生态系统的典型代表，是高寒生物种质资源库，是中国重要的生态安全屏障。根据空前“a typical”可知，此处需要一个名词，“represent”是动词，其名词形式representative，表示“代表”。是故填representative。
10. 考查代词。句意：三江源地区是高寒生态系统的典型代表，是高寒生物种质资源库，是中国重要的生态安全屏障。根据“making ____ a crucial ecological security barrier in China”可知，此处用it指代“The Sanjiangyuan region”，作动词“making”的宾语。故填it。
Passage 13
（24-25高二下·吉林白山·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Director Yang 1 (reveal) in earlier interviews that the 1979 film had a profound impact on him, making him want to re-imagine its iconic plotlines (情节), with two particularly challenging scenes being 2 epic battle in a rough sea and a touching moment portraying (表现) Nezha's near-death experience.
The oceanic scene showcases a massive tripod cauldron (三足鼎), with a diameter of 3 kilometers, sinking into the sea 3 a magical weapon 4 (control) by the film's top enemy Wuliang Xianweng, a deceitful (虚伪的) deity. It demanded a substantial amount of work to 5 (vivid) depict (描绘) the swirling vortex that enveloped it, explains Liu Pan, the film's executive producer.
The tragic moment shows Nezha struggling to break free from a spell that threatens to tear him apart, binding him with 6 (count) threadlike needles. The scene features over 600 pieces of his muscles breaking apart mid-air, before reassembling thanks to his supernatural abilities. Liu reveals that the 7 (inspire) for this visual effect was drawn from the imagery of shattered glass from huge windows.
Marking significant progress, the first Ne Zha used over 1,600 animators from 60 companies. After five years of preparation and production, 8 (include) two years polishing the script, the sequel brought together over 4,000 artists from 138 companies, creating 1,900 special shots that account for nearly 80 percent of its 2,400 shots.
Yang, born in Luzhou, Sichuan province in 1980, 9 (initial) pursued a medical education at the West China School of Pharmacy at Sichuan University. However, he shifted his focus to animation during his junior year upon 10 (discover) his passion for art.
【答案】
1. revealed 2. the 3. as 4. controlled 5. vividly 6. countless 7. inspiration 8. including 9. initially 10. discovering
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍导演杨受1979年电影影响重拍相关作品，阐述了片中两场艰难场景的创作细节，还提及影片制作团队及导演的经历转变。
1. 考查动词时态。句意：导演杨在早期的采访中透露，1979年的那部电影对他产生了深远的影响，让他想要重新构想其标志性的故事情节，其中有两个特别具有挑战性的场景，一个是在波涛汹涌的大海中的史诗般的战斗，另一个是描绘哪吒濒死经历的感人时刻。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语动词，主语Director Yang与reveal为主动关系，且该动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时。故填revealed。
2. 考查冠词。句意：见上题解析。分析句子可知，此处是特指“在波涛汹涌的大海中的史诗般的战斗”这个场景，所以应用定冠词the。故填the。
3. 考查介词。句意：海洋场景展示了一个直径 3 公里的巨大三足鼎，在电影最大的反派无量仙翁（一个虚伪的神灵）控制的一件魔法武器的作用下沉入大海。分析句子可知，此处表示“在……作用下”，用介词as“作为；当作”。故填as。
4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：见上题解析。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，weapon与control之间是被动关系，再由句意可知，此空应用过去分词，作后置定语。故填controlled。
5. 考查副词。句意：这部电影的执行制片人刘攀解释说，要生动地描绘出笼罩着它的漩涡，需要大量的工作。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词depict，应用副词vividly“生动地”，作状语，故填vividly。
6. 考查形容词。句意：这个悲惨的时刻展示了哪吒努力挣脱一个可能会将他撕裂的咒语，无数像线一样的针束缚着他。分析句子可知，此处修饰名词needles，应用形容词countless“无数的”，作定语。故填countless。
7. 考查名词。句意：刘透露，这种视觉效果的灵感来自巨大窗户破碎的玻璃的意象。分析句子可知，此处作主语，且有定冠词the修饰，应用名词inspiration“灵感”，为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
8. 考查介词。句意：在经过五年的筹备和制作后，包括两年打磨剧本，这部续集汇集了来自138家公司的4000多名艺术家，制作了1900个特效镜头，占其2400个镜头的近80%。分析句子可知，此处表示“包括”，应用介词including。故填 including。
9. 考查副词。句意：杨1980年出生于四川省泸州市，最初在四川大学华西药学院攻读医学。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词pursued，应用副词initially“最初”，作状语。故填initially。
10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，在大三时，他发现自己对艺术的热爱后，将注意力转移到了动画上。分析句子可知，介词upon后接动名词，作宾语。故填discovering。
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Over the past decade or so, biologists have shown that we are filled with microbiomes (微生物组), inside and out. This microbiome, 1 (compose) of bacteria, fungi and viruses, profoundly influences our health and fitness and sometimes is even linked to our emotional state.
The oral microbiome gets far less attention, but we 2 (know) of it for a long time. In 1891, US dentist Willoughby D．Miller first proposed that bacteria could leave the mouth, travel to other parts of the body and cause disease. We only began to get supporting evidence in 1989, when researchers noticed that people who had experienced a heart attack were rated as having oral health that was about twice as poor as 3 of a control group. Even when age, social class and smoking habits 4 (account) possible factors, the results remained almost the same. A solid link seemed to be there.
More recently, thanks to DNA sequencing technology, by cataloguing the microbes in our mouths, we are now finding that the types of bacteria people have 5 (live) there seem to be associated with a growing number of conditions like cancer. Perhaps the most striking example is Alzheimer’s disease. It can be found that people with gum (牙龈) disease are 6 increased risk of developing this condition, which slowly robs people of their memories, personalities and cognitive function. However, until recently, it was unclear 7 poor oral health was a contributing cause of Alzheimer’s or a consequence of it.
Then, in 2019, scientists discovered some species of bacteria known 8 (cause) gum disease — including one called Porphyromonas gingivalis — which are inside the brains of people who died of Alzheimer’s disease. If the mouth bacteria were getting into the brain, that lent weight to the idea that they could be a cause of Alzheimer’s.
Researchers are still trying to grasp how this could happen. 9 the mechanism is, they note that there may be a way you can protect yourself in advance. Dental scientists at the University of Melbourne, Australia, is developing a vaccine against gum disease 10 you can reduce the risks of gum diseases significantly.
【答案】
1. composed 2. have known 3. that 4. were accounted 5. living 6. at 7. whether 8. to cause/to have caused 9. Whatever 10. with which/so that
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了在过去十年左右的时间里，生物学家已经证明，我们体内和体外都充满了微生物群。这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。
1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种由细菌、真菌和病毒组成的微生物群深刻地影响着我们的健康和体质，有时甚至与我们的情绪状态有关。短语be composed of表示“由……组成”，过去分词作后置定语。故填composed。
2. 考查时态。句意：口腔微生物群得到的关注要少得多，但我们早就知道了。根据后文for a long time可知，谓语动词know为现在完成时，主语为we，助动词用have。故填have known。
3. 考查代词。句意：直到1989年，我们才开始得到支持的证据，当时研究人员注意到，经历过心脏病发作的人被评为其口腔健康状况差是对照组的两倍。此处代指前面oral health，表示与其同类，后常有后置定语，应用代词that。故填that。
4. 考查时态语态。句意：即使考虑到年龄、社会阶层和吸烟习惯等可能的因素，结果也几乎没有变化。主语age, social class and smoking habits与谓语动词account构成被动关系，且发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数形式。故填were accounted。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：最近，多亏了DNA测序技术，通过对我们口腔中的微生物进行分类，我们现在发现，生活在人类口腔中的细菌类型似乎与越来越多的疾病（如癌症）有关。此处live与bacteria构成逻辑主动关系，live用现在分词形式作定语。故填living。
6. 考查介词。句意：研究发现，患有牙龈疾病的人患这种疾病的风险更高，这种疾病会慢慢夺走人们的记忆、个性和认知功能。短语at increased risk of表示“高风险”。故填at。
7. 考查固定句型。句意：然而，直到最近，人们还不清楚口腔健康状况不佳是阿尔茨海默氏症的诱因还是后果。表示“是……还是……”句型为whether…or…。故填whether。
8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，在2019年，科学家们发现了一些已知会导致牙龈疾病的细菌，包括一种叫做牙龈卟啉单胞菌的细菌，这些细菌存在于死于阿尔茨海默病的人的大脑中。短语be known to do sth.表示“……为人所熟知”，此处可用to do形式，也可理解为先于谓语动词发生，用to have done形式。故填to cause/to have caused。
9. 考查状语从句。句意：无论机制如何，他们指出，可能有一种方法可以提前保护自己。引导让步状语从句，表示“无论什么”应用whatever，首字母大写。故填Whatever。
10. 考查定语从句和状语从句。句意：澳大利亚墨尔本大学的牙科科学家正在开发一种预防牙龈疾病的疫苗，这样你就可以大大降低患牙龈疾病的风险。此处可理解为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词vaccine，先行词指物，表示“借助，用”应用介词with，作介词的宾语，指物应用关系代词which；或理解为目的状语从句，表示“以便”用so that。故填with which/so that。
Passage 15
（24-25高二下·上海黄浦·开学考试）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
When a young sawfly, a bee-like insect, 1 (threaten) by its attackers like ants, it emits a mixture of unpleasant smells to defend itself. These emissions 2 seriously annoy a potential enemy.
Scientists wanting to study these smelly compounds — to understand which aspects of them discourage attackers and why — face great challenges. Meetups between sawflies and ants in a lab are difficult to carry out. There are also a very limited quantity of the insects’ emissions. On the side, Jean-Luc Boevé, a zoologist who studies insects, from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, is an amateur musician and composer. He decided to try a different way — the sound approach. “To be honest, I considered this project so unpractical, tricky and initially abstract 3 I set it aside,” he said. It was months 4 Boevé and his partner, Rudi Giot, finally made a resolution to get started on it.
They chose 16 sawfly species’ emissions to translate into sounds. First, they figured out which molecules (分子) were present in each smelly compound and in what amounts. Then they assigned various characteristics of those molecules 5 (match) properties of sound. For example, smaller molecules like a kind of acid 6 (find) in vinegar, a sour-tasting liquid, evaporate (挥发) quickly, so Boevé and Giot assigned them sounds with higher pitch. Larger molecules were given lower-pitched sounds. In all, the scientists created individual audio descriptions for 20 molecules. Then they combined the sounds of each molecule present in a sawfly’s smell to construct the insect’s soundtrack. If a molecule was 7 higher proportion in an emission, they assigned it a higher volume. In such a case, the smaller a molecule is, 8 (likely) its pitch will be high; the higher the proportion of a molecule is, the higher its volume will be.
To test out the audio descriptions they created, Boevé and Giot examined people’s reactions to the soundtracks and compared them to ants’ reactions to the original smells. Volunteers told the researchers that the high pitch, as well as the high volume, was 9 made them withdraw. “Ants and volunteers moved away from a chemical and its matching soundtrack respectively,” the researchers wrote. Boevé said he hoped the process would give other zoologists a new way to compare sawflies’ chemical defenses with 10 from other insects. It may also offer researchers clues about which molecules fight off enemies most.
【答案】
1. is threatened 2. can 3. that 4. before 5. matching 6. found 7. of 8. the more likely 9. what 10. those
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了Jean-Luc Boeve采用了将气味转化为声音的方式研究锯蝇释放的气味如何赶走敌人。
1. 考查时态语态。句意：当一只小锯蝇，一种像蜜蜂一样的昆虫，受到像蚂蚁这样的攻击者的威胁时，它会发出一种难闻的气味来保护自己。此处为谓语动词，主语sawfly与谓语构成被动关系，且理解为陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，谓语用单数。故填is threatened。
2. 考查情态动词。句意：这些排放物会严重惹恼潜在的敌人。后跟动词原形，且表示“能够，会”应用情态动词can。故填can。
3. 考查状语从句。句意：他说：“说实话，我认为这个项目不切实际、棘手，而且一开始很抽象，所以我把它搁置了。”此处为连词引导状语从句，结合句意，表示“如此……以至于”为so…that...引导的结果状语从句。故填that。
4. 考查状语从句。句意：几个月后，Boevé和他的搭档Rudi Giot终于下定决心要开始做这件事。此处为句型“it +be+一段时间+before...”表示“过了多久才……”符合句意，所以此处使用连词before引导时间状语从句。故填before。
5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然后，他们分配了这些分子与声音的特性相匹配的各种特征。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词characteristics ，match与characteristics构成主动关系，所以此处用现在分词形式。故填matching。
6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，像醋（一种酸味液体）中发现的一种酸这样的小分子蒸发得很快，所以Boevé和乔特给它们分配了更高的音调。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词acid，acid与find为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填found。
7. 考查介词。句意：如果一个分子在辐射中所占的比例更高，他们就会给它分配更高的体积。此处为“of +抽象名词”表示主语的特征和属性，意为“比例较高”符合句意。故填of。
8. 考查比较级。句意：在这种情况下，分子越小，其音高越高的可能性越大；一个分子的比例越高，它的体积就越大。此处为固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”，所以此处使用likely的比较级形式the more likely。故填the more likely。
9. 考查表语从句。句意：志愿者告诉研究人员，高音调和高音量是让他们退缩的原因。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句缺少主语，指物。故填what。
10. 考查代词。句意：Boevé说，他希望这一过程能给其他动物学家提供一种比较锯蝇和其他昆虫的化学防御的新方法。此处无提示词作宾语，与上文defenses同类相比，应用代词those。故填those。语法填空15篇 高二下 第一次月考 梯度特训
建议用时 90分钟
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
Passage 1
（22-23高二下·山东·阶段练习）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Li Daiyu and Liu Qian were on a trip to Canada. Before 1 (start) out, they spent a couple of days in Vancouver, 2 there were some shops selling crafts and 3 (antique). After that they took the train to Lake Louise, where the blue water took their breath 4 . Their next stop was in Edmonton, a city with daily temperatures 5 (average) —10℃. They had known that Canada is a country which has vast lands but 6 small population. However, they didn’t anticipate 7 (see) such an open country. They were so 8 (amaze). The train thundered on, and the red maple trees outside the window 9 (confirm) that autumn had arrived in Canada. 10 (eventual), they reached their destination — Toronto. The whole journey took them four days.
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·湖南长沙·开学考试）阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
The world-famous art museum Musée d’Orsay 1 (house) some of the best-known Impressionist 2 (paint) of the 19th century. When I 3 (wander) there and laid eyes on the masterpieces, mostly I 4 (strike) by the works of the two Impressionists Claude Monet and Pierre·Auguste Renoir. Monet, 5 works were greatly inspired by nature, brought the same water lily pond’s beauty to the canvas in 6 unique way, using different colors and styles. Renoir preferred to paint scenes of everyday life with little clear detail. All in all, Impressionists focused 7 everyday subject matter, 8 (employ) free brushwork and colors to create far 9 (little) realistic works. Impressionism has had a 10 (last) influence on both the Post-Impressionists and modern art.
Passage 3
（24-25高二下·江西上饶·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
“Queen Elizabeth II, Britain’s longest-reigning monarch in history, died 1 (peace) aged 96”, Buckingham Palace 2 (announce) on Thursday.
Her 73-year-old son Prince Charles will become Britain’s new monarch and will be known 3 King Charles III next week. “ 4 death of my beloved Mother, Her Majesty The Queen, is a moment of the greatest 5 (sad) for me and all members of my family. We mourn profoundly the passing of a cherished Sovereign and a much-loved Mother.” King Charles said in a statement.
Britain’s Prime Minister Liz Truss, 6 (appoint) by the queen on Tuesday, said the country was “devastated” (巨大的打击) and called Elizabeth “the rock on 7 modern Britain was built”.
Elizabeth was born in London, England, in April 1926, the 8 (old) one of George VI’s two daughters. 9 (live) with her parents and sister, she spent a happy childhood. In 1947, she 10 (marry) to Philip, a Greek and Danish prince.
Passage 4
（24-25高二下·全国·课后作业）语法填空
Jade is plainlooking, but she’d love to look good. So she spends hours every day 1 (edit) her selfies, posting them and eagerly checking her phone for 2 (comment). Each “like” boosts her 3 (confident). Anthony wouldn’t care about his appearance. But he was surprised at how good he looked after the makeover! At that moment, he perceived that external beauty isn’t 4 (total) worthless. Emma is larger 5 other girls and in the past this really bothered her. Everything changed when one day she came across the success story of a plussize model, Tess Holliday. Her story has changed Emma’s ideas about what it 6 (mean) to be beautiful. She realised that mental and physical health is 7 (important) thing. Dr Hart thinks that the image Jade presents 8 (obtain) the praise of others is false, that making an effort with our appearance can leave a positive first impression on others 9 boost our confidence, and that being healthy is beautiful, and we should wear that beauty 10 confidence.
Passage 5
（23-24高二下·四川成都·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Florida boy who called 911 because he was lonely has now made friends with a kind-hearted police officer.
Tallahassee police officer Joe White responded 1 .a call made by a sixyearold boy.While there 2 (be) no emergency at the house, White said the child was upset and told him he was lonely.
“It took Officer White some time 3 (explain) how 911 is used and how it’s for emergencies,” read a post on the Tallahassee Police Department’s Facebook page.“Then Officer White said he'd always like to be a friend!”
In addition to 4 (give) the child a lesson on the proper use of 911, White gave the child a stuffed animal and let him sit in his car.
Since the heartwarming story was shared on Facebook, it 5 (attract) hundreds of comments from people 6 (touch) by the tale.
“It’s such 7 extraordinary story! I really admire Officer White for being just what this young man needed — a friend. And it’s also a great opportunity for a learning experience — the 8 (important) of using 911 properly.What White has done 9 (positive) influences those 10 have been inspired by this story. I hope they will keep up the friendship,” wrote Jean Smith.
Passage 6
（24-25高二下·甘肃武威·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Shadow puppetry (皮影戏), also called shadow play, got 1 (it) start thousands of years ago in China and India. This unique form of storytelling is the 2 (old) type of puppetry in the world.
Shadow puppets are figures 3 are placed between a light and a screen. Moving them creates the illusion (假象) of moving pictures on the screen. An 4 (experience) puppeteer can make figures appear to walk, talk, fight and dance.
China, India, Indonesia and Turkey have been very important in the 5 (develop) of this art form over time. The types of stories 6 (tell) by shadow puppetry vary from country to country. For example, in China, shadow plays are usually based on Chinese folk tales.
Traditional Chinese shadow puppets are 7 (make) out of animal skin. Today, you might see different kinds of shadow puppets. Many of them also contain paper, plastic, wood or cloth. You can’t imagine 8 creative puppeteers can be when making their puppets. Shadow puppets are usually made from separate 9 (piece) and then put them together with strings (线) or wires (金属丝). The strings or wires are usually attached 10 long sticks that the puppeteer will use them to control the movement of the puppet.
Passage 7
（24-25高二下·湖南·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ramie (苎麻), the main clothing material for Chinese people since ancient times. is also known as “Chinese grass” in the world. The ramie output in China accounts for more than 90% 1 of the world. The linen (亚麻布) woven with ramie is consequently called “Grass Cloth”. Since ramie raw material has a thick gum and is irregular in texture, each step of procedure is 2 (pure) manual. In that case, the weaver should complete more than a dozen steps before they finish making the clothes.
Right now, ancient pure wooden looms (织布机) along with many grass cloth products 3 (place) in the spacious exhibition hall, all looking so 4 (fascinate) to the eyes. In old times, on a farmhouse engaged 5 the production of grass cloth, you could always see a busy scene 6 workers washed the thin fibers between the ramie skin and the straw, and got the ramie silk as the raw material of grass cloth. Today, only some farmers are making grass cloth, most of them 7 (work) in family-run workshops.
Huang Xiuying, 8 only seventh-generation inheritor of the family business, has carried out many bold 9 (innovation), integrating the aesthetics of the times, and using popular art design and cultural packaging 10 (give) grass cloth more sense of the times.
Passage 8
（24-25高二下·湖南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
China, 1 rich history and diverse culture have long fascinated the world, is 2 (current) experiencing a remarkable tourism boom, especially during the Spring Festival.
Apart 3 the Spring Festival travel rush among Chinese people, “China Travel” has been gaining popularity across the globe. Foreign tourists, greatly 4 (attract) by the charm of the “intangible cultural heritage” Spring Festival, are flocking to various parts of China.
Since November 8,2024, when China 5 (launch) a series of promotional campaigns with the aim of promoting international cultural exchange and domestic 6 (consume) in tourism industry, the number of inbound tourists has risen significantly. This policy allows foreigners with transit visa-free privileges (特权) 7 (stay) up to 240 hours, which is a great convenience for international travelers. With the visa-free policy in place, many tourists can now enjoy a more flexible travel schedule to explore multiple cities within the permitted time.
8 is interesting to note that in bustling metropolises like Shanghai and Beijing, foreign tourists have even doubled in number, 9 (bring) new vitality to the local tourism industry. The interactions between local residents and foreign tourists are quite 10 (harmony). The local residents are always delighted to meet visitors from different countries and share their local cultures.
Passage 9
（24-25高二下·湖南长沙·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jade (玉) carving, an ancient Chinese art, is seeing a revival in Suzhou. Skilled artisans are bringing new life to this craft, 1 (connect) innovation with tradition.
Yu Ting, a Suzhou-based jade carver, is at 2 center of this movement. Using advanced tools, he creates 3 (extreme) thin jade pieces, some less than 0.5mm thick. One of his most 4 (remark) works is a 34 cm tall bottle decorated with intricate patterns. Starting with 39 kg of raw jade, the 5 (finish) piece weighs only 478 grams. The creation process, 6 lasted three years, required great attention, as even the slightest mistake could destroy the piece.
Another notable figure is Yang Xi, a national-level master of jade carving. Inspired by Suzhou’s waterways and cultural heritage, he transforms jade into bridges, leaves, and scenes from Chinese literature, His skill in turning unused jade into beautiful decorations shows his 7 (commit) to creativity and sustainability.
Both Yu and Yang are enthusiastic 8 developing their craft to meet modern tastes while preserving its history. Recently, their works 9 (earn) global recognition, with pieces displayed in collections like the British Museum. Together, they are allowing the legacy of jade carving 10 (shine) in the modern era.
Passage 10
（24-25高二下·浙江温州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scroll through any social-media feed, and before long a cute video will appear. Perhaps it shows a giggling baby 1 a rabbit nibbling strawberries. On TikTok there are 65 million videos tagged # cute. The demand is even 2 (great): those videos have been viewed more than 625 billion times. What do humans consider cute
In the 1940s, Konrad Lorenz, 3 Austrian zoologist, found that people were drawn to babies with big eyes, a small nose and mouth and round cheeks, as well as a slightly fat body, short arms and legs. Humans are so drawn to these features 4 cats and dogs may have been kept to emphasize those same features. Cartoon characters have changed, too. For instance, Mickey Mouse’s arms, legs and nose have shrunk since 1928, while his head and eyes 5 (become) larger.
Cuteness actually has real-world 6 (use). Lovot, a childlike companion robot with a button nose, 7 (equip) with many sensors and responds positively when hugged. Such innovations may help alleviate 8 (lonely) among the elderly. Policymakers, too, might use the power of cuteness to affect people’s behavior. Japan’s kawaii barriers are thought to reduce road-rage (路怒) incidents. 9 (put) images on bins of sea turtles or dolphins trapped in rubbish has been shown to reduce plastic waste.
An appreciation for cute things is a joy in and of itself, but it may also have the potential 10 (change) the world. How’s that for a cute idea
Passage 11
（24-25高二下·安徽·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Blend of East and West
Imagine seeing the story of Journey to the West take place in a world much like The Lord of the Rings. This is the setting of The New Legends of Monkey, a 2018 TV series from Australia and New Zealand 1 (produce) in cooperation with Netflix.
Set in a “blend of East and West”, this series reimagines the classic Chinese tale, 2 (spark) conversations about its major changes 3 the original story, characters and setting. The characters don’t look like animals or monsters at all. Monkey King, Pigsy and Sandy are played by beautiful young people. The monk Tripitaka 4 (play) by a woman, who isn’t actually a monk and wants to escape an attack on the monastery (寺院) 5 she was raised.
6 (ground) the show in local culture, the team placed special focus on casting actors from diverse racial 7 (background). Despite this effort, Chai Hansen, a Thai-Australian actor who plays Monkey King, is the only main character of Asian descent, 8 choice that drew some criticism from audiences. The series also includes more female 9 (represent) than the original story, with both Sandy and Tripika played by women, the latter shown as a teenager.
Although it doesn’t show that much “Chinese-ness”, The New Legends of Monkey succeeds in promoting Journey to the West to an Australian and New Zealand audience, 10 (particular) among teenagers. “It’s good seeing those actors play roles very different to what you would usually see,” wrote a reviewer.
Passage 12
（24-25高二下·江苏泰州·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The ecological environment in the Sanjiangyuan National Park in northwest China’s Qinghai Province 1 (continue) to improve since the establishment of the national park in 2021, with water conservation capacity increasing by more than 6 percent annually, according to a newly 2 (release) report on the park’s development.
The park delivers over 60 billion cubic meters of high-quality freshwater downstream every year, 3 the grassland coverage and grass yield in the park have increased by over 11 percent and 30 percent 4 (respective), according to the report.
5 (locate) on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, the Sanjiangyuan region serves as the headwaters for the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers, and is known as the “Water Tower of Asia’’. In 2021, the Sanjiangyuan National Park, along with other four parks, 6 (list) as China’s first batch of national parks. The park has a total area of 190,700 square km, with an average altitude (海拔) of 4,700 meters.
According to Losang Tsering, 7 is an engineer of the Sanjiangyuan National Park Administration, the park has prioritized ecological restoration over the years, 8 (focus) on ecosystems such as glaciers and snow-capped mountains, high-altitude grasslands and meadows.
The Sanjiangyuan region is a typical 9 (represent) of the alpine (高山的) ecosystem and serves as an alpine biological germplasm bank, making 10 a crucial ecological security barrier in China.
Passage 13
（24-25高二下·吉林白山·开学考试）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Director Yang 1 (reveal) in earlier interviews that the 1979 film had a profound impact on him, making him want to re-imagine its iconic plotlines (情节), with two particularly challenging scenes being 2 epic battle in a rough sea and a touching moment portraying (表现) Nezha's near-death experience.
The oceanic scene showcases a massive tripod cauldron (三足鼎), with a diameter of 3 kilometers, sinking into the sea 3 a magical weapon 4 (control) by the film's top enemy Wuliang Xianweng, a deceitful (虚伪的) deity. It demanded a substantial amount of work to 5 (vivid) depict (描绘) the swirling vortex that enveloped it, explains Liu Pan, the film's executive producer.
The tragic moment shows Nezha struggling to break free from a spell that threatens to tear him apart, binding him with 6 (count) threadlike needles. The scene features over 600 pieces of his muscles breaking apart mid-air, before reassembling thanks to his supernatural abilities. Liu reveals that the 7 (inspire) for this visual effect was drawn from the imagery of shattered glass from huge windows.
Marking significant progress, the first Ne Zha used over 1,600 animators from 60 companies. After five years of preparation and production, 8 (include) two years polishing the script, the sequel brought together over 4,000 artists from 138 companies, creating 1,900 special shots that account for nearly 80 percent of its 2,400 shots.
Yang, born in Luzhou, Sichuan province in 1980, 9 (initial) pursued a medical education at the West China School of Pharmacy at Sichuan University. However, he shifted his focus to animation during his junior year upon 10 (discover) his passion for art.
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·上海浦东新·阶段练习）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Over the past decade or so, biologists have shown that we are filled with microbiomes (微生物组), inside and out. This microbiome, 1 (compose) of bacteria, fungi and viruses, profoundly influences our health and fitness and sometimes is even linked to our emotional state.
The oral microbiome gets far less attention, but we 2 (know) of it for a long time. In 1891, US dentist Willoughby D．Miller first proposed that bacteria could leave the mouth, travel to other parts of the body and cause disease. We only began to get supporting evidence in 1989, when researchers noticed that people who had experienced a heart attack were rated as having oral health that was about twice as poor as 3 of a control group. Even when age, social class and smoking habits 4 (account) possible factors, the results remained almost the same. A solid link seemed to be there.
More recently, thanks to DNA sequencing technology, by cataloguing the microbes in our mouths, we are now finding that the types of bacteria people have 5 (live) there seem to be associated with a growing number of conditions like cancer. Perhaps the most striking example is Alzheimer’s disease. It can be found that people with gum (牙龈) disease are 6 increased risk of developing this condition, which slowly robs people of their memories, personalities and cognitive function. However, until recently, it was unclear 7 poor oral health was a contributing cause of Alzheimer’s or a consequence of it.
Then, in 2019, scientists discovered some species of bacteria known 8 (cause) gum disease — including one called Porphyromonas gingivalis — which are inside the brains of people who died of Alzheimer’s disease. If the mouth bacteria were getting into the brain, that lent weight to the idea that they could be a cause of Alzheimer’s.
Researchers are still trying to grasp how this could happen. 9 the mechanism is, they note that there may be a way you can protect yourself in advance. Dental scientists at the University of Melbourne, Australia, is developing a vaccine against gum disease 10 you can reduce the risks of gum diseases significantly.
Passage 15
（24-25高二下·上海黄浦·开学考试）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
When a young sawfly, a bee-like insect, 1 (threaten) by its attackers like ants, it emits a mixture of unpleasant smells to defend itself. These emissions 2 seriously annoy a potential enemy.
Scientists wanting to study these smelly compounds — to understand which aspects of them discourage attackers and why — face great challenges. Meetups between sawflies and ants in a lab are difficult to carry out. There are also a very limited quantity of the insects’ emissions. On the side, Jean-Luc Boevé, a zoologist who studies insects, from the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, is an amateur musician and composer. He decided to try a different way — the sound approach. “To be honest, I considered this project so unpractical, tricky and initially abstract 3 I set it aside,” he said. It was months 4 Boevé and his partner, Rudi Giot, finally made a resolution to get started on it.
They chose 16 sawfly species’ emissions to translate into sounds. First, they figured out which molecules (分子) were present in each smelly compound and in what amounts. Then they assigned various characteristics of those molecules 5 (match) properties of sound. For example, smaller molecules like a kind of acid 6 (find) in vinegar, a sour-tasting liquid, evaporate (挥发) quickly, so Boevé and Giot assigned them sounds with higher pitch. Larger molecules were given lower-pitched sounds. In all, the scientists created individual audio descriptions for 20 molecules. Then they combined the sounds of each molecule present in a sawfly’s smell to construct the insect’s soundtrack. If a molecule was 7 higher proportion in an emission, they assigned it a higher volume. In such a case, the smaller a molecule is, 8 (likely) its pitch will be high; the higher the proportion of a molecule is, the higher its volume will be.
To test out the audio descriptions they created, Boevé and Giot examined people’s reactions to the soundtracks and compared them to ants’ reactions to the original smells. Volunteers told the researchers that the high pitch, as well as the high volume, was 9 made them withdraw. “Ants and volunteers moved away from a chemical and its matching soundtrack respectively,” the researchers wrote. Boevé said he hoped the process would give other zoologists a new way to compare sawflies’ chemical defenses with 10 from other insects. It may also offer researchers clues about which molecules fight off enemies most.