外研版英语必修1 Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab同步练习

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外研版英语高一年级Book1Unit5A Lesson in a Lab
同步训练
一.根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1．What was his ________ (反应) to your answer
2．We have bought lots of __________ (设备) for our new lab.
3．The lock has ________ (生锈) and needs oil.
4．I came to the __________ (结论) that he had been lying.
5．He kept his ________ (平衡) with his arms on top of the wall.
6．The ________ (沸腾的) kettle was giving off steam.
7．As a result of pollution，there are many dead fish ________ (漂浮) on the water.
答案：1. reaction　2.equipment　3. rusted　4. conclusion　5. balance 6 boiling.7. floating　
解析：
分析：1. 句意：他对你的回答如何反应？空前是his，且空后是介词to，故空应填名词reaction。
2.句意：我们已经为我们新的实验室购买了很多设备。此空应用名词，且设备不可数，故填名词原形equipment。
3.句意：锁已生锈了，需要润滑油。句子结构分析，此空须填谓语动词，且空前是助动词has，故空填动词rust的过去分词。
4.句意：我得出结论：他过去一直在撒谎。结构分析，that从句做名词结论的同位语，故空填名词conclusion。
5.句意：他双臂抱着墙顶保持平衡。空前是his，可以知道此空应填名词balance。
6.句意：壶里沸腾的水冒出蒸气。只有正在沸腾的水有这种现象，故填现在分词boiling做定语。
7.句意：由于污染，很多死鱼漂浮在水里。句子结构分析，there are many dead fish主句结构完整，float与fish之间是主动关系，故用floating作定语。
点评：本题考查的是句意的判断和单词的拼写，通过理解句子意思和汉语提示填写正确的单词。
二．完成句子
8.我应该去给她送行的，但我忙于工作以致于把这事给忘了。
I________________seeheroff，butIwasbusywithworkandforgotit.
9.我的字典不如你的有用。
My dictionary is not ________ useful ______ yours.
10.这台电视机比那台便宜得多。
This TV set is much __________ that one.
11.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
Asia is four times ______ large ______ Europe.
12.越多越好。
The ______，the ________.
13.我过去常去公园，但是现在根本没有时间去了。
I __________ go to the park a lot，but I never get the time now.
答案：8.was supposed to 9. as (so)|as 10.cheaper than 11. as|as 12.more|better 13.used to
解析：
分析：8.此空要补全“应该”之意，如果使用情态动词should或ought to话，应用情态动词的虚拟语气should/ought to have seen,但是空后是动词see原形，我们马上应想到动词词组be supposed to。
9.同级比较的否定，固定结构not as/so...as。
10.考查比较级，形容词cheap的比较级是cheaper，故填cheaper than。
11.倍数结构，运用同级比较级结构构成为：倍数+as+形容词或副词原形+as。
12.当表达“愈...愈...；越...越...”时，须运用固定结构the +比较级，the+比较级。
13.当表达“某人常常，现在却不”时，应用used to，不可用would，would只表达过去某人习惯性的动作，而没有过去和现在相比之意。
点评：本题考查的是句意的判断，通过理解句子意思填写正确的单词使句子完整。
三．单项选择题
14. She is mixing the ________ of flour and eggs, and wants to make cakes.
A. mixture B. union
C. compound D. combination
答案：A
解析：分析：A. mixture混合物；B. union联盟，协会；C. compound化合物，特指两种或多种元素构成的化合物；D. combination联合体，组合物，指相混元素的紧密结合，但不一定是融合；句意：她正在搅拌面粉和鸡蛋的混合物，想用它来做蛋糕。根据句意，故选A。
点评：考查名词的辨析及其在语境中正确选择。此题从题意可以得出答案，应牢记名词的意义。
送给回答者一份礼物送香吻赠言：好帅的回答，楼主送上香吻一枚，以表诚挚谢意！
15. —Can you follow me
—Sorry, you are always _______ me _______ with your meaning.
A. puzzling; across B. cheering; up
C. confusing; up D. mixing; up
答案：D
解析：分析：A. puzzling; acrosspuzzle“使……迷惑”，不和across连用；B. cheering; up让……高兴起来；C. confusing; up confuse使困惑，把……弄糊涂，不可和up连用；D. mixing; up使……糊涂；句意：—你明白我的意思吗？—对不起，你的话的意思总是把我弄糊涂。根据句意，故选D。
点评：考查动词短语。此题从题意可以得出答案，应牢记动词短语的意义。送给回答者一份礼物送香吻赠言：好帅的回答，楼主送上香吻一枚，以表诚挚谢意！
16. The company had about 20 notebook computers but only one-third _______ used regularly. Now we have 60 working all day long.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
答案：D
解析：分析：分数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词的形式，如果没有of，那就看分数所代替的词的意义；此处的one-third( of the computers)作主语，谓语动词用复数；另外此处的动作发生在过去；句意：公司过去大约有20台笔记本电脑，但其中只有三分之一经常使用。现在我们有60台可以整天使用。根据句意，故选D。
点评：考查主谓一致和一般过去时。学生必须熟练掌握主谓一致的特征和用法。
送给回答者一份礼物送香吻赠言：好帅的回答，楼主送上香吻一枚，以表诚挚谢意！
17. She devoted herself ______ to her research and it earned her a good reputation in her field.
A. strongly B. extremely
C. entirely D. freely
答案：C
解析：分析：A. strongly强烈地；B. extremely极度地；C. entirely全部地，整个地；D. freely自由地；句意：她将自己全部的身心都倾注于她的研究中，并在此领域获得了很好的声誉。根据句意，故选C。
点评：考查副词的辨析。此题从题意可以得出答案，应牢记副词的准确意义。
18. All the things in theroom were ________, but she quickly _______ them _______.
A. in order; put; in order B. on order; place; in order
C. out of order; put; in order D. by order; place; in order
答案：C
解析：分析：out of order杂乱无章的，put… in order把某物排列整齐；句意：房间里所有东西都乱糟糟的，但是她很快就把它们整理好了。根据句意，故选C。
点评：考查固定短语。此题从题意可以得出答案，应牢记固定短语的准确意义。
19. ________ get more land, the farmers tried many ways to fill the lake.
A. So as to B. So that
C. In order that D. In order to
答案：D
解析：分析：A. So as to为了，不可放在句首；B. So that连词，以致于，以便，后面迎接分句；C. In order that连词，为了，后接分句；D. In order to为了，动词不定式后壳接动词原形，课放在句首；句意：为了得到更多土地，农民们用各种方法填湖。根据句意，故选D。
点评：考查单独使用to的不定式和引导结果状语从句的连词。学生须明白动词不定式做目的状语的特征和用法。
20. —Is everyone here
—Not yet. Look, there ______ the rest of our guests!
A. come B. comes
C. is coming D. are coming
答案：A
解析：分析：考查完全倒装句，这种结构多用一般现在时或者一般过去时（不能用进行时态），同时根据空格后面的主语可知，应该用复数的谓语动词；句意：—每个人都来了吗？—还没有。看，其余的客人来了。根据句意，故选A。
点评：考查倒装句。学生必须熟练掌握倒装句结构的特点和运用。
21. It is reported that the United States uses _______ energy as the whole of Europe.
A. as twice B. twice much
C. twice much as D. twice as much
答案：D
解析：分析：在as…as结构表示比较时，倍数应位于第一个as之前，构成固定表倍数结构为倍数+as+形容词或副词原形+as；句意：据报道，美国消耗的能源是整个欧洲所消耗能源的两倍。根据句意，故选D。
点评：考查固定句式。学生须掌握几种常见的重要固定句式。
22.—What was his performance like
—Oh, it couldn’t have been ______, it is the best I have watched.
A. wonderful B. more wonderful
C. much wonderful D. the most wonderful
答案：B
解析：分析：由it is the best I have watched可知回答者认为表演是最好的，而“否定词+比较级”表示最高级含义，题干中恰好有couldn’t表示否定意义；句意：—你认为他的表演怎么样啊？—再精彩不过了，是我所看过的表演中最好的。根据句意，故选B。
点评：考查形容词的最高级。形容词的比较级和最高级的变化非常灵活，学生一定要掌握。
23. The number of people present at the concert was ______ than expected. There were many tickets left.
A. much smaller B. much more
C. much larger D. many more
答案：A
解析：分析：表示数目的多少用large或small但不能用many或much，故应将B、D两项排除；根据后句提示可知，还剩下许多票没卖出去，故只能选择A项，much用来修饰比较级并加强语气；句意：出席音乐会的人数比预料的少得多。还剩下很多票呢。根据句意，故选A。
点评：考查形容词的比较级。形容词的比较级和最高级的变化非常灵活，学生一定要掌握。
24. —Did you enjoy yourself at the party
—Sorry to say I didn’t. It was ______ a meeting than a party.
A. more likeB. rather like
C. less like D. much like
答案：A
解析：分析：句意：—在聚会上玩得高兴吗？—很遗憾没有。与其说是个聚会，倒不如说是个会议。考查结构“more…than…”的用法。该短语意为“与其说……倒不如说……，别的短语都不符合。根据句意，故选A。
点评：考查固定搭配。对于一些重要常考的固定搭配，学生须理解且牢记还会运用。
25. —Are you satisfied with what he has done
—Not at all. It couldn’t be _______.
A. any worse B. so bad
C. much better D. the worst
答案：A
解析：分析：A. any worse糟糕一些；B. so bad如此糟糕；C. much better好的多；D. the worst最糟的；否定词+比较级=最高级，not…worse= the worst；句意：—你对他已经做的满意吗？—一点也不。不能再糟糕了。根据句意，应选A。
点评：考查形容词的比较级。形容词的比较级和最高级的变化非常灵活，学生一定要掌握。
26. 21st century is _______ newspaper; it helps us know a lot about the world.
A. more than B. no more than
C. not more than D. no less than
答案：A
解析：分析：A. more than超过，不只是；B. no more than仅仅；C. not more than不超过D. no less than不少于；句意：《21世纪报》不只是一份报纸，它还帮助我们知道了很多关于世界的事情。根据句意，应选A。
点评：考查介词短语辨析。学生需要辨析清楚一些易混淆词组。
27. I haven’t seen _______ this since I began to collect stamps.
A. as old a stamp as
B. as an old stamp as
C. an old stamp such as
D. a such old stamp as
答案：A
解析：分析：在as…as结构中，应用“as+形容词+名词+as+其他”，与汉语顺序相同。若用such应为“such +形容词+名词”；句意：自我开始集邮以来，我还从未见过如此古老的一张邮票。根据句意，应选A。
点评：考查固定句式。学生必须熟练掌握一些重要的固定句式，达到灵活运用的程度。
四.完形填空
When Dave was eighteen, he bought a secondhand car for 200 so that he could travel to and from work more 28 than by bus. It worked quite well for a few years, but then it got so old, and it was costing him 29 much in repairs that he decided that he had better 30 it.
He asked among his friends to see if anyone was particularly 31 to buy a cheap car, but they all knew that it was falling to pieces, so 32 of them had any desire to buy it. Dave's friend Sam saw that he was 33 when they met one evening, and said, “What's 34 , Dave ”
Dave told him, and Sam answered, “Well, what about advertising it in the paper You may 35 more for it that way than the cost of the advertisement!” Thinking that Sam's 36 was sensible(合理的),he put an advertisement in an evening paper, which read “For sale: small car, 37 very little petrol, only two owners. Bargain at 50.”
For two days after the advertisement first appeared, there was no 38 .But then on Saturday evening he had an enquiry(询问).A man rang up and said he would like to 39 him about the car. “All right,” Dave said, feeling happy. He asked the man whether ten o'clock the next morning would be 40 or not. “Fine,” the man said, “and I'll 41 my wife. We intend to go for a ride in it to 42 it.”
The next morning, at a quarter to ten, Dave parked the car in the square outside his front door, 43 to wait there for the people who had 44 his advertisement. Even Dave had to 45 that the car really looked like a wreck(残骸).Then, soon after he had got the car as clean 46 it could be, a police car stopped just behind him and a policeman got out. He looked at Dave's car and then said, “Have you reported this 47 to us yet, sir ”
28.A. directly B. safely C. properly D. easily
29. A. so B. such C. very D. too
30. A. keep B. repair C. sell D. throw
31. A. anxious B. lucky C. ashamed D. generous
32. A. some B. neither C. none D. most
33.A. delighted B. upset C. calm D. astonished
34. A. on B. up C. it D. that
35. A. learn B. miss C. get D. find
36. A. message B. advice C. request D. description
37. A. uses B. loses C. has D. spends
38. A. doubt B. help C. trouble D. answer
39. A. tell B. see C. agree D. call
40. A. exact B. suitable C. early D. late
41. A. follow B. meet C. bring D. introduce
42. A. recognize B. gain C. admire D. test
43. A. happening B. meaning C. turning D. failing
44. A. read B. inserted C. answered D. placed
45. A. forget B. show C. disagree D. admit
46. A. as B. that C. so D. such
47. A. bargain B. sale C. accident D. result
答案：28.D 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.C 33.B 34.B 35.C36.B 37.A 38.D 39.B 40.B 41.C 42.D 43.B 44.C45.D 46.A 47.C
解析：分析：28.A. directly直接地；B. safely安全地；C. properly恰当地；D. easily容易地；easily表达更容易，他买车的主要目的是为了上下班方便。答案为D。
29. so much…that…，如此多……以致于……，这是一个固定结构。too much不能和hat连用，我们经常使用too…to。答案为A。
30.根据上文修理花费太多，所以就决定卖掉，而且下文也就是围绕卖车而展开的。答案为C。
31.A. anxious焦急的；B. lucky幸运的；C. ashamed感到羞愧的；D. generous慷慨的； be anxious to do sth急着干……，Dave想了解是否有人急着买车，因为他想卖掉自己的车。答案为A。
32.前面已经提到“it was falling to pieces”车很快要成碎片，所以没有人愿意买。neither主要用于两个人中没有一个，所以在这不合适。答案为C。
33.A. delighted高兴的；B. upset沮丧的；C. calm平静的；D. astonished吃惊的；upset表示“伤心的，难过的”。因为没人愿意买车，所以他很伤心。答案为B。
34. “what's up”表示“怎么回事，发生了什么”。答案为B。
35. A. learn学得；B. miss错过，怀恋；C. get获得，到达；D. find发现，觉得；“get”表示“得到”，在这儿是表示“你将得到的要比广告花费的多”。答案为C。
36. advice表示“建议”，因为前面有一句“what about advertising it in the newspaper ”这本就是一种建议“在报纸上登广告怎么样 ”答案为B。
37. uses表示“使用”，在这里表示车很省油。B. loses表示“丢失”；B. has表示“有”；spends表示“花费时间、金钱、精力”。答案为A。
38. no answer表示“回应”，表示广告登出去以后无人问津。A. doubt表示“怀疑”；B. help表示“帮助”；C. trouble表示“麻烦”，均不合题意。答案为D。
39.A. tell告诉；B. see看到；C. agree同意，赞同；D. call喊，打电话；这里表示来看车。答案为B。
40.A. exact准确的；B. suitable合适的；C. early早期的；D. late晚的；suitable表示“合适的”，在这里是问第二天早上十点钟是否合适。答案为B。
41. bring my wife表示把妻子带来。A. recognize表示“认出”；B. gain表示“获得，得到”D. introduce表示“介绍，引进”，均不合题意。答案为C。
42.A. recognize认出，辨认出；B. gain得到，获得；C. admire尊敬，崇拜；D. test检测；
买车的人将和妻子一道来测试一下车子。答案为D。
43. “mean to”表示“打算做……”在这儿是打算等买车的人。答案为B。
44. “answer”在这里表示“回应”，就是指那个看了广告以后准备来看车的人。答案为C。45.“admit”表示“承认”在这里表示他自己也不得不承认自己的车看起来太旧了答案为D。46.这里是一个固定结构“as…as”。答案为A。
47.A. bargain讨价还价；B. sale销售；C. accident事故；D. result结果；句意：先生，你把这个事故报告给我们了吗？根据句意，应选C。
点评：此题要求学生根据上下文选择恰当的词语以让文章完整。学生做题时一定要抓住全
文中心和所要选词语上下文。
五．七选五
The sea has always interested man. From it he can get food, minerals, and treasure. 48 But he could not go far beneath its surface.
49 However, he is not a fish. He must breathe air, so he can’t stay under the water’s surface for any length of time. To explore deep water, man faces even more dangers and problems.
A diver who wants to stay under water for more than a few minutes must breathe air or a special mixture of gases. 50 He can carry a tank of air on his back and breathe through a nose and a mouthpiece. Water weighs 800 times as much as air. Tons of water pushes against a diver deep in the sea. 51
When a diver is under great pressure, his blood takes in some of the gases he breathes. As he rises to surface, the water pressure becomes less. If the diver rises too quickly, the gases in his blood form bubbles(气泡). The diver is then suffering from the bends(潜水夫病). The bends can cause a diver to double up in pain. 52
A. His body is under great pressure.
B. Scientists are trying to find more about the sea.
C. For thousands of years, he could sail on it.
D. They can even kill him.
E. He can wear a diving suit and have air pumped to him from above.
F. The water pressure can cause a diver to breathe with difficulty.
G. Man wants to explore deep into the sea.
答案：48.C　49.G　50.E　51.A　52.D
解析：分析：48.只有C项和下文转折，他能在大海上航行，但是从来没有去过它的下面。
49.根据下文转折内容，人类想探索深处的大海，但是人类不是鱼，人类需要空气呼吸，那么此空应该提出要去探索大海深处这一事实。
50.承接上下文，谈的是人类进入大海深处的方式，穿上泳衣，戴上氧气瓶。
51.根据下文When a diver is under great pressure，可知，上文谈的是水的压力。
52.潜水病可以可以引起潜水者的双倍疼痛，下文递进，甚至是死亡。
点评：此题要求学生根据上下文选择恰当的句子以让文章完整。学生做题时一定要抓住全
文中心和所要填句子前后语句脉络。
六．阅读理解
For many years, immigrants (移民) have looked for better lives in New York City. The group makes up more than 40 percent of the population. New York is a city of immigrants as a result of it. A new study shows that immigrants also have helped the city’s development.
Nisha Agarwal is the immigration commissioner for the city. She says immigrants help drive the city at all levels. New York City’s economy and the quality of life have improved during the past years. There is a link between improvements in old neighborhoods and immigration. The immigrants go to these neighborhoods because they are the only places they can afford. And they help reduce the vacancyrates (空缺率) and the state of disrepair (失修).
Some of the immigrants come to New York to raise the family; others hope to realize their dreams. Robert Sampson is a professor at Harvard University. He says immigrants who tried their best to come to America are often less likely to take part in a crime and more likely to work hard. These lead to a drop in the crime rate.
Immigrant businesses also help to drive growth in New York. The immigrants do work that others will not. They will work in the agricultural sector, the manufacturing sector and the service industry. And at the same time, some with the best minds in the world are working in the tech industry, engineering, science, and the medical field.
All immigrants help support the economy in some way by paying taxes. They need to buy things, and, when they buy things, they pay sales taxes. They need to live someplace. Whether you are the owner of a place or rent a place, there are property taxes. Property taxes and sales taxes are major sources of income for the government.
53. Why do people call New York a city of immigrants
A. Because all the people are immigrants.
B. Because immigrants live a better life in New York.
C. Because the immigrants have helped the city a lot.
D. Because New York has a high percentage of immigrants.
54. The immigrants go to the old neighborhoods in order to .
A. save money B. build a new community
C. learn more about New York D. repair these neighborhoods
55. How do immigrants help develop the business of New York
A. By renting houses.
B. By doing all kinds of jobs.
C. By selling their own houses.
D. By helping others with their work.
56. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A. The immigrants come to New York to study.
B. The immigrants help make New York a safe place.
C. People don’t need to pay taxes for their own houses.
D. The government of New York is against the immigrants.
57. What does the passage mainly tell us
A. The life of immigrants in New York.
B. A city with a large number of immigrants.
C. Immigrants help the development of New York.
D. More and more immigrants will come to New York.
答案：53.D54.A 55.B 56.B 57.C
解析：分析：53.细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“The group makes up more than 40 percent of the population. New York is a city of immigrants as a result of it.”可知，移民群体占到纽约人口的40%以上，所以说纽约市被称为一个移民城市。故选D。
54.推理判断题。根据第二段第五句“The immigrants go to these neighborhoods because they are the only places they can afford. ”可知，移民们去这些老街区，因为这是他们唯一能负担得起的地方，即他们去老街区的目的是为了省钱。故选A。
55.细节理解题。根据第四段“Immigrant businesses also help to drive growth in New York. The immigrants do work that others will not ... working in the tech industry, engineering, science, and the medical field.”可知，移民有助于推动纽约的经济增长，因为移民会从事他人不做的工作，像农业部门、制造业和服务行业。这包括方方面面。故选B。
56.推理判断题。根据第三段第一句“Some of the immigrants come to New York to raise the family; others hope to realize their dreams.”可知，一些移民去纽约是为了养家糊口，一些移民是为了实现梦想，A项太过绝对，并不是所有的移民都是为了去读书，故A项错误；根据第三段第三、四句“He says immigrants who tried their best to come to America are often less likely to take part in crime and more likely to work hard. These lead to a drop in the crime rate. ”可知，冒着风险来到美国的移民往往不太可能参与犯罪，而这些会使得犯罪下降，也就是说使得纽约成为一个更为安全的地方，故B项正确；根据第五段“All immigrants help support the economy in some way by paying taxes...they pay sales taxes...there are property taxes.”可知，所有的这些移民购物时要支付销售税，住房都要交财产税，故C项错误；文章中并没有表明纽约政府反对移民，相反，文章讲了许多移民给纽约带来的好处，故D项错误。故选B。
57.主旨大意题。根据“A new study says that immigrants also have helped the city’s development.”，“She says immigrants help drive the city at all levels. New York City’s economy and the quality of life have improved during the past years.”，“These lead to a drop in the crime rate.”，“Immigrant businesses also help to drive growth in New York.”，“All immigrants help support the economy in some way by paying taxes.”可知，本篇文章主要讲述了移民推动纽约经济发展。故选C。
七．书面表达
下周五，有几名外教要来你校参观，并且特别希望看一下同学们做试验的过程。你将作为一名导游帮助外教进行参观。请根据下列要点准备一篇100词左右的发言稿，介绍学校的实验室和同学们上实验课的情况。
序号 要点提示
1 学校发展迅速，实验室设备齐全、先进。
2 物理、化学等理科老师非常优秀，实验课生动、有趣、有意义。
3 同学们动手动脑，积极活跃；观察和实践能力迅速提高。
注意：发言稿开头和结尾已给出，但不计入总词数。
参考词汇：理科老师the science teachers；设备facilities；观察observe
Dear friends，
Welcome to our school.Now please allow me to introduce our lab to you.
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As students，every one of us treasures the beneficial conditions and makes good use of our lab to help us study.
答案：Dear friends，
Welcome to our school.Now please allow me to introduce our lab to you.
In recent years，our school develops quickly and great changes have taken place here.On the one hand，we have wide and bright labs which are equipped with all kinds of advanced laboratory facilities.
On the other hand，the science teachers who teach us physics and chemistry are very excellent.They always make classes lively，interesting and meaningful.And the students always listen carefully，think deeply and practice actively according to the teachers’ instructions.So our abilities of observing and practicing improve rapidly.
As students，every one of us treasures the beneficial conditions and makes good use of our lab to help us study.
解析：分析：根据文章提示和要求写一篇介绍实验室的发言稿，学生应该感到有话可说，很易上手。学生须注意句子与句子，段落与段落之间的自然衔接。
点评：此题是考查学生根据要求，输出自己的语言知识，形成一篇文章。
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