大题预测 03 阅读理解说明文+语法填空(二)
一、阅读理解说明文
Passage（1）
【湖南省长沙四大名校 2024-2025 学年高三下学期 2 月月考】A few weeks ago, a well-meaning professor
tried to explain the physiological process behind viruses and the human body in a tweet (推 特 ) and was
immediately criticized for a mistake in his information. He then issued an apology and deleted his erroneous tweet.
Communicating science beyond the academic bubble is necessary to boost public understanding of health
and environmental issues and helping individuals make well-informed personal decisions.
However, scientists who engage in science communication must acknowledge that even in their area, their
expertise is deep but narrow. They need to recognize the restrictions in their own knowledge. That is not to suggest
that they only write or present on their own research, but rather, that they consult with an expert if the topic is
outside of their discipline. Fact-checking with a scientist who works in the specialty will prevent the unintentional
spread of misinformation, and the process of doing so may yield tiny pieces of interesting new information that can
be incorporated.
Some have argued that the public is not educated enough to understand scientific information, especially for
any complex phenomena, but this is absurd. Science instruction can be found at all levels of public education with
most secondary schools offering classes on biology, physics, and chemistry. If anything, social media has shown
that the public longs for knowledge based on a solid scientific foundation. Even the public discourse (话语) that
follows most scientific articles shows that online readers can understand even the most puzzling of scientific
principles.
It is equally necessary to emphasize that being an expert on a topic does not automatically make a scholar
qualified to communicate it to a nonscientific audience. A number of scientists recently have been offering
public-aimed explanations of scientific phenomena. Even though they have appropriate titles, they often do very
little in the way of explaining. One biologist shared a complex analogy (类比) involving a library, books, paper, a
recipe, ingredients, and a cake to explain the process behind vaccines. Any explanation that requires a written key
to keep track of what each item represents is not a clear example for public consumption.
Science communication is a science in and of itself. It requires rigorous training and instruction. A scientist
should take communication courses that can teach a person how to identify and eliminate jargon (术语) and how to
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develop effective analogies to explain complex concepts. One cannot assume communication expertise — imagine
if someone just decided that they were a physicist and started trying to contribute to the field without the necessary
background. Doing a poor job communicating science to the public will only create confusion and widen the gap
between science and society, a gap that scientists are trying to close.
12．What does the author advise scientists do to deal with topics outside of their specialty
A．Explore them from new angles. B．Turn to professionals for help.
C．Use information from diverse sources. D．Double-check with colleagues in their field.
13．What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 4
A．The public’s understanding of science is much better than some have claimed.
B．Scientific articles have gained increasing popularity among the general public.
C．Modern technology has facilitated communication between scientists and the public.
D．A solid academic foundation is essential to understanding puzzling scientific principles.
14．What does the example of the biologist sharing a complex analogy show
A．It is vital to have appropriate titles to explain scientific issues.
B．It is helpful to use illustrations in explaining scientific phenomena.
C．A learned scholar is not necessarily a qualified science communicator.
D．A nonscientific audience cannot correctly understand principles of science.
15．What does the author suggest scientists do to bridge the gap between science and society
A．Develop communication skills. B．Take courses in public speaking.
C．Make appropriate use of scientific terms. D．Explain complex concepts scientifically.
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了科学家在向公众传播科学知识时面临的挑战、必要性以及如
何提高传播效果，提出了科学家需要认识到自己知识的局限性、及公众对科学知识的渴望、科学家需要具
备有效的沟通技巧等观点。
12．细节理解题。根据第三段“They need to recognize the restrictions in their own knowledge. That is not to
suggest that they only write or present on their own research, but rather, that they consult with an expert if the topic
is outside of their discipline.(他们需要认识到自己知识的局限性。这并不是说他们只能撰写或介绍自己的研究
成果，而是说，如果话题超出了他们的学科范围，他们应该咨询相关专家)”可知，作者认为当科学家遇到超
出了他们的学科范围的话题时，他们应该咨询相关专家。故选 B。
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13．主旨大意题。根据第四段“Some have argued that the public is not educated enough to understand scientific
information, especially for any complex phenomena, but this is absurd. Science instruction can be found at all
levels of public education with most secondary schools offering classes on biology, physics, and chemistry. If
anything, social media has shown that the public longs for knowledge based on a solid scientific foundation. Even
the public discourse (话语) that follows most scientific articles shows that online readers can understand even the
most puzzling of scientific principles.(一些人认为公众没有受到足够的教育来理解科学信息，特别是对于任何
复杂的现象，但这是荒谬的。在各级公共教育中都有科学教学，大多数中学开设生物、物理和化学课程。
如果说有什么不同的话，那就是社交媒体表明了公众对建立在坚实科学基础上的知识的渴望。即使是大多
数科学文章后面的公共话语也表明，在线读者甚至可以理解最令人费解的科学原理)”可知，第四段主要说明
了公众对科学的理解比一些人声称的要好得多。故选 A。
14．推理判断题。根据第五段“It is equally necessary to emphasize that being an expert on a topic does not
automatically make a scholar qualified to communicate it to a nonscientific audience. A number of scientists
recently have been offering public-aimed explanations of scientific phenomena. Even though they have appropriate
titles, they often do very little in the way of explaining. One biologist shared a complex analogy (类比) involving a
library, books, paper, a recipe, ingredients, and a cake to explain the process behind vaccines. Any explanation that
requires a written key to keep track of what each item represents is not a clear example for public consumption.(同
样必须强调的是，成为某个主题的专家并不意味着该学者就有资格向非科学受众传达该话题。最近很多科
学家一直在向公众解释一些现象。尽管他们拥有适当的资质，但是他们的解释方法往往收效甚微。一位生
物学家在解释疫苗背后的过程时，借用了图书馆、书籍、纸张、食谱、配料以及蛋糕使用了一个类比。任
何需要书面说明来让人了解每一样东西的含义都不是让大众弄明白的清楚例子)”可知，这个例子是为了强调，
即使是一位在生物学领域有深厚学识的学者，也可能在尝试向非专业听众解释复杂的科学概念时遇到困难。
这个例子突显了科学传播的挑战，并指出，仅仅因为某人在其专业领域内知识渊博，并不意味着他们就能
有效地将这些知识传达给非专业听众。由此推知，这个例子说明了学识渊博并不等同于具备传播科学的能力。
故选 C。
15．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Science communication is a science in and of itself. It requires rigorous training
and instruction. A scientist should take communication courses that can teach a person how to identify and
eliminate jargon (术语) and how to develop effective analogies to explain complex concepts.(科学传播本身就是
一门科学。它需要严格的训练和指导。科学家应该学习交流课程，这些课程可以教会一个人如何识别和消
除术语，以及如何建立有效的类比来解释复杂的概念)”可知，作者建议科学家为了缩小科学与社会之间的鸿
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沟应该接受沟通技巧训练。故选 A。
Passage（2）
【湖南师范大学附属中学 2024-2025 学年高三下学期 2 月月考】Have you ever suddenly developed an
appetite from a brightly colored cheeseburger, or decided to step into a candy or ice cream store displaying a
window full of lively shades and hues of sweet treats If so, you are in good company. Unless we are medically
instructed or strictly dieting, we are not likely to keep away from the attraction of the food by simply realizing its
shortage of nutritional value.
Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D．Capaldi-Phillips in “A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food”
recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号) on food consumption and enjoyment, and the potential they have to
encourage healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the
visual impact of different color schemes (方案) on appetite and food enjoyment. They note that pink food on a
white plate is considered sweeter and more flavorful than the same food on a black plate. Apparently, we consume
with more of our senses than we realize.
So given the rainbow of colors around us when faced with so many appealing food choices, is there any way
to control our appetite Thankfully, some research says yes.
Oliver Genschow proved that when it comes to eating less, colors impact consumption. They researched the
effect of the color red and found that people ate fewer pretzels when using a red plate, as opposed to white or blue,
and drank less from a red cup than a blue cup. They suggest that the color red reduces food and drink intake by
functioning as a stop signal.
But when it comes to healthy eating, instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the attractive colors
of food, consider the value of discipline. Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to
sensory cues. And before you invest in red tableware to slim down, remember that what goes onto those plates is
much more important.
12．What may be a major reason for us to refuse eye-catching food
A．Advertisements everywhere. B．The shortage of nutrition.
C．The rich color of food display. D．The doctor’s instructions.
13．What might be dealt with in “A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food”
A．Benefits of different color schemes.
B．Interesting examples of food service.
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C．Potentials to encourage food consumption.
D．Effects of sensory cues on food choices.
14．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A．Make proper food choices. B．Follow the sensory response.
C．Avoid any colorful food. D．Wear sunglasses to block colors.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Colors Help You Control Weight B．Color Schemes Make People Confused
C．Colors Impact Food Attraction and Appetite D．The Rainbow of Colors Is the Best Seller
【答案】12．D 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了颜色对食物吸引力和食欲的影响。
12．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Unless we are medically instructed or strictly dieting, we are not likely to keep
away from the attraction of the food by simply realizing its shortage of nutritional value.(除非我们得到医学指导
或严格节食，否则我们不太可能仅仅因为意识到食物缺乏营养价值就远离它的诱惑)”可知，我们拒绝引人注
目的食物的主要原因可能是医生的指导。故选 D。
13．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D. Capaldi-Phillips in “A Review of Visual Cues
Associated with Food” recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号) on food consumption and enjoyment, and the
potential they have to encourage healthy eating behavior.(Devina Wadhera 和 Elizabeth D. Capaldi-Phillips 在《与
食物相关的视觉线索综述》中认识到感官信号对食物消费和享受的影响，以及它们鼓励健康饮食行为的潜力)”
可知，“A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food”可能会探讨感官信号对食物选择的影响。故选 D。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to sensory
cues. And before you invest in red tableware to slim down, remember that what goes onto those plates is much
more important.(健康饮食需要有意的选择，而不是对感官线索的盲目反应。在你投资红色餐具来减肥之前，
记住，放在这些盘子里的东西要重要得多)”可知健康饮食需要有意的选择，而不是对感官线索的盲目反应；
可推知，作者在最后一段建议人们做出恰当的食物选择。故选 A。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Have you ever suddenly developed an appetite from a brightly colored cheeseburger,
or decided to step into a candy or ice cream store displaying a window full of lively shades and hues of sweet treats
If so, you are in good company. Unless we are medically instructed or strictly dieting, we are not likely to keep
away from the attraction of the food by simply realizing its shortage of nutritional value.(你有没有因为一个色彩
鲜艳的奶酪汉堡而突然胃口大开，或者决定走进一家糖果店或冰淇淋店，橱窗里摆满了生动活泼、色彩斑
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斓的甜食？如果是这样，你并不孤单。除非我们得到医学指导或严格节食，否则我们不太可能仅仅因为意
识到食物缺乏营养价值就远离它的诱惑)”、第二段“Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D. Capaldi-Phillips in “A
Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food” recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号) on food consumption
and enjoyment, and the potential they have to encourage healthy eating behavior.(Devina Wadhera 和 Elizabeth D.
Capaldi-Phillips 在《与食物相关的视觉线索综述》中认识到感官线索对食物消费和享受的影响，以及它们鼓
励健康饮食行为的潜力)”以及下文内容可知文章主要讲述了颜色对食物吸引力和食欲的影响。故 C 选项
“Colors Impact Food Attraction and Appetite(颜色影响食物的吸引力和食欲)”能够概括文章主旨，最适合作为
文章标题。故选 C。
Passage（3）
【华中师范大学第一附属中学 2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学】Socrates declared that the unexamined
life wasn’t worth living for a human being, implying that we should attempt to know ourselves, to think through
our actions, choices, prejudices, and attitudes. But when it comes to thinking about our own happiness and what
makes our lives go well, it really does seem that this reflective attitude can ruin our chances of finding what we
seek.
Perhaps it’s not surprising that we are better designed for engaging in other activities than reflecting on how
best to achieve our own happiness and well-being. Doing things that enhance our growth in physical, social and
intellectual areas tends to bring the reward of feeling good, and so stimulates us further to pursue those activities.
Sitting around reflecting on what will make us happy is a lot less efficient than chasing the things that make us
happy, and if we think too much, there is an opportunity cost — time that we could have spent in a worthwhile
activity has gone while we were thinking deeply about the best way to develop.
The philosopher David has written about the role of reflective thinking in sports. One of his observations is
that while sportspeople need to think about the basic actions they are performing, it can be counterproductive to
start thinking about the elements making up those actions. A footballer needs to think about kicking the ball low
and hard to the left of the goalkeeper, but not to overthink the mechanics of the precise small movements of legs
and feet that produce that outcome. If he or she does start this sort of thought process, it very often leads to a poorer
shot. What’s needed is a kind of automatic response to the situation.
Perhaps something similar is going on in our life. Those people who start detailed programs of
self-development in various dimensions, focusing on diet, habits, exercise, mental activity, work output, and so on,
are like the footballer thinking through the small muscle movements. Perhaps their well-meaning self-reflection on
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their own development and how they want to achieve it, is the very thing that will make a high level of
development forever unobtainable for them.
12．What may cause an opportunity cost
A．Spending time on worthy activities. B．Joining in social meetings actively.
C．Getting stuck in much self-reflection. D．Doing physical exercises efficiently.
13．Why does the author mention David’s observations
A．To praise a wise philosopher. B．To teach readers football skills.
C．To cite a case of overthinking. D．To argue for reflective thinking.
14．What does the author suggest readers do to achieve their goals
A．Make a comprehensive plan. B．Adopt a direct approach.
C．Think carefully before action. D．Attach importance to details.
15．What is a suitable title for this text
A．The Risk of Overthinking B．The Key to Well-being
C．The Way to Think Reflectively D．The Method to Develop Yourself
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了过度思考带来的种种弊端，告诫我们不要过度思考。
12．细节理解题。根据第二段“Sitting around reflecting on what will make us happy is a lot less efficient than
chasing the things that make us happy, and if we think too much, there is an opportunity cost — time that we
could have spent in a worthwhile activity has gone while we were thinking deeply about the best way to develop.
(坐下来思考什么能让我们快乐比追求让我们快乐的事情效率低得多，如果我们想得太多，就会有机会成本
——我们本可以花在有价值的活动上的时间，而我们却在深入思考最好的发展方式)”可知，困于过度的自我
反思会导致机会成本，故选 C。
13．推理判断题。根据第三段“One of his observations is that while sportspeople need to think about the basic
actions they are performing, it can be counterproductive to start thinking about the elements making up those
actions. (他的一个观察是，虽然运动员需要思考他们正在执行的基本动作，但开始思考构成这些动作的元素
可能会适得其反)”可推知，作者提到 David 的观察是为了举例说明过度思考的劣势。故选 C。
14．细节理解题。根据第三段 “What’s needed is a kind of automatic response to the situation. (我们需要的是一
种对情况的自动响应)”可知，作者建议读者采取一个直接的方法来达成目标。故选 B。
15．主旨大意题。根据第一段的“But when it comes to thinking about our own happiness and what makes our lives
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go well, it really does seem that this reflective attitude can ruin our chances of finding what we seek.(但是，当我们
思考自己的幸福以及是什么让我们的生活变得美好时，这种反思的态度似乎真的会破坏我们找到我们所寻
求的东西的机会)”以及全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了过度思考带来的种种弊端，告诫我们不要过度思考。
由此可知，A 项“过度思考的风险”适合作为文章的标题。故选 A。
Passage（4）
【湖北省武汉中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考】The Christmas Pig, J.K. Rowling’s first children’
s novel since Harry Potter I, is a feel-good book, full of surprises, which will delight adults and children alike, not
only for the original story, but also for the imaginative scenery, characters and objects that interact with the main
characters.
It tells the story of Jack and the love he feels for Dur Pig, a stuffed toy pig who has been with him since he
was a toddler. After losing him on Christmas Eve, Jack will embark on a great adventure to save Dur Pig with the
help of the Christmas Pig, a brand-new replacement for Dur Pig.
J.K. Rowling shows again, with this book, why she is considered one of the greatest storytellers of her time.
She distinguishes herself again in world building, and younger and older readers will be surprised, chapter after
chapter, by the original ideas that she introduces in this world that Jack and his friend visit. The world Rowling
creates is not complex but it does not underestimate children: it is a world with clear logistics that the protagonists
(主人翁) must follow, carefully crafted to serve the story and not its readers.
Those long time readers of J.K. Rowling’s works will find familiar passages and themes that they may want
to connect to the Harry Potter books. It is hard to tell if those references are there on purpose, but there may be
some satisfaction in thinking that Rowling must have noticed and enjoyed them privately while she was writing
them.
Parents around the world may have a difficult time every night, once a chapter is finished and their children
must go to sleep. The Christmas Pig will keep readers turning pages with a great and imaginative story, filled with
cliffhangers at the end of most chapters that will leave kids asking for more. If some reviewers said that The
Ickabog lacked Harry Potter’s magic, they can rest assured that The Christmas Pig has all the magic that J.K.
Rowling can provide, and that’s more than enough.
28．Why is J.K. Rowling rated as one of the best storytellers of her time
A．Her capacity in building characters. B．Her ability to design complicated plots.
C．Her tendency to write to children’s taste.D．Her creativity in world building.
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29．What does the underlined word “cliffhangers” probably mean in Paragraph 5
A．Imagination. B．Suspense. C．Magic. D．Challenge.
30．What can we infer from paragraph 4 and paragraph 5
A．She intentionally included references to her previous works.
B．Parents have difficulty falling asleep after finishing a chapter.
C．Some reviewers found The Ickabog full of magic.
D．The Christmas Pig is a good illustration of J.K. Rowling’s magic.
31．What is the author’s attitude towards J.K. Rowling’s book “The Christmas Pig”
A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Enthusiastic. D．Indifferent.
【答案】28．D 29．B 30．D 31．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了 J.K.罗琳的小说《圣诞猪》，介绍了故事大概内容以及特点。
28．细节理解题。根据第三段“She distinguishes herself again in world building, and younger and older readers
will be surprised, chapter after chapter, by the original ideas that she introduces in this world that Jack and his
friend visit.(她在构建世界的过程中再次脱颖而出，无论老少，都会被她在杰克和他的朋友造访的这个世界
中引入的原创思想一章又一章地感到惊讶)”可知，J.K.罗琳被认为是她那个时代最会讲故事的人之一是因为
她在构建世界方面的创造力。故选 D。
29．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“The Christmas Pig will keep readers turning pages with a great and imaginative
story, filled with”以及后文“at the end of most chapters that will leave kids asking for more”可知，《圣诞猪》的
故事让读者不断翻页，让孩子们想要更多，说明在大多数章节的结尾都充满了悬念，让人想要继续读下去。
故划线词意思是“悬念”。故选 B。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段“If some reviewers said that The Ickabog lacked Harry Potter’s magic, they can
rest assured that The Christmas Pig has all the magic that J.K. Rowling can provide, and that’s more than enough.(
如果有些评论者说《The Ickabog》缺乏哈利波特的魔法，他们可以放心，《圣诞猪》拥有 J.K.罗琳所能提供
的所有魔法，这已经足够了)”可推知，圣诞猪是 J.K.罗琳魔法的一个很好的例证。故选 D。
31．推理判断题。根据第一段“The Christmas Pig, J.K. Rowling’s first children’s novel since Harry Potter I, is a
feel-good book, full of surprises, which will delight adults and children alike, not only for the original story, but
also for the imaginative scenery, characters and objects that interact with the main characters.(《圣诞猪》是 J.K.罗
琳自《哈利波特 1》以来的第一部儿童小说，是一本让人感觉良好的书，充满了惊喜，不仅因为原著故事，
而且因为与主角互动的富有想象力的场景、人物和物体，都会让成年人和孩子们都感到高兴)”可推知，作者
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对 J.K.罗琳的小说《圣诞猪》充满热情。故选 C。
Passage（5）
【河北省沧衡名校联盟 2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学考试】It is not just the environment and the
economy that are threatened by a warmer climate, but also culture and traditions around the world. Researchers at
Lund University in Sweden and the University of Queensland in Australia have mapped what little is known about
how climate change is eroding local knowledge and cultural heritage.
“We risk losing the memory of Indigenous (本 土 的 ) people’s ways of life without this type of
documentation,” says Guy Jackson, a postdoctoral fellow at Lund University.
He is one of the authors of a literature study that includes 100 scientific articles, most of which focus on
North America or the Northern Arctic Circle. One of the conclusions of previous studies is that cultural heritage is
primarily seen as something of material value, such as an archaeological site or historic building. However,
focusing on the loss of material cultural heritage means that important traditions and knowledge systems are
overlooked. “There are many non-material losses that are valuable for both individual identity and group identity,”
says Guy Jackson.
Actually there is a clear connection between loss of Indigenous cultural heritage and changes in the natural
environment. For example, songs and working methods change when groups lose traditions linked to a physical
location. One scientific article points out that for the Inuit in Canada, identity is closely linked to the environment:
“Inuit people are people of the sea ice. If there is no more sea ice, how can they be people of the sea ice ”
According to Guy Jackson, this could lead to several consequences. Loss of traditions and cultural heritage
can make it more difficult to deal with climate change, and weaken social cohesion (凝聚力), as people lose touch
with traditional ways of life.
The researchers hope that the literature study can lead to more targeted research. In particular, they want to
see a larger focus on how to handle, minimize and reduce future losses. “Science should contribute by developing
practical solutions that help with adaptation to the losses that have already happened”, Guy Jackson concludes.
12．Which word can replace the underlined word “eroding” in Paragraph 1
A．Weakening. B．Classifying. C．Preserving. D．Stabilizing.
13．What does Guy Jackson think of the previous studies
A．Well-grounded.B．Two-dimensional. C．Non-standard. D．One-sided.
14．Which example relates to cultural heritage loss most due to environmental changes
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A．The downfall of local incomes.
B．The disunity of the local population.
C．The decline in traditional farming methods.
D．The distancing of interpersonal relationships.
15．What do researchers hope the future research will focus on
A．Minimizing the loss of material heritage.
B．Limiting potential cultural heritage damages.
C．Developing strategies for protecting ecosystems.
D．Broadening the geographical focus of the research.
【答案】12．A 13．D 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了气候变化对文化和传统的影响，特别是原住民文化遗产的损失以及应
对这些损失的建议。
12．词句猜测题。根据文章第一段“It is not just the environment and the economy that are threatened by a warmer
climate, but also culture and traditions around the world.(受到气候变暖威胁的不仅是环境和经济，还有世界各
地的文化和传统)”可知，天气变暖影响了世界各地文化和传统，由此可推知，瑞典隆德大学和澳大利亚昆士
兰大学的研究人员绘制了关于气候变化如何侵蚀当地知识和文化遗产的地图。“eroding”表示对某事物的逐
步消弱或侵蚀，与 weakening 同义。故选 A。
13．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“One of the conclusions of previous studies is that cultural heritage is primarily
seen as something of material value, such as an archaeological site or historic building. However, focusing on the
loss of material cultural heritage means that important traditions and knowledge systems are overlooked.(先前研究
的结论之一是，文化遗产主要被视为具有物质价值的东西，如考古遗址或历史建筑。然而，关注物质文化
遗产的流失意味着忽视了重要的传统和知识体系)”可知，Guy Jackson 认为之前的研究过于片面，只关注物
质文化遗产，而忽视了非物质文化遗产。故选 D。
14．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Actually there is a clear connection between loss of Indigenous cultural
heritage and changes in the natural environment. For example, songs and working methods change when groups
lose traditions linked to a physical location. One scientific article points out that for the Inuit in Canada, identity is
closely linked to the environment: “Inuit people are people of the sea ice. If there is no more sea ice, how can they
be people of the sea ice ”.(实际上，土著文化遗产的丧失与自然环境的变化之间有着明显的联系。例如，当群
体失去与物理位置相关的传统时，歌曲和工作方法就会发生变化。一篇科学文章指出，对于加拿大的因纽
11 / 34
特人来说，身份与环境密切相关：“因纽特人是海冰上的人。如果没有海冰，他们怎么能成为海冰上的人呢？”)”
可推知，C 项“传统耕作方式的衰落”属于工作方法的变化，与环境变化造成的文 化遗产损失最相关。故选
C。
15．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“In particular, they want to see a larger focus on how to handle, minimize and
reduce future losses.(特别是，他们希望看到更多的关注如何处理、最小化和减少未来的损失)”可知，研究人
员希望未来的研究将集中在限制潜在的文化遗产损害上。故选 B。
Passage（6）
【广东省深圳市高级中学 2024-2025 学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】Honeybees have a difficult task.
First, they have to find food. Then they have to return to the hive to tell other bees where to find it. The bees have
to fly back and forth between the hive and their food over and over again. Also they need to deal with whatever
obstacles lie along their flight paths.
“Honeybees face a lot of challenges in choosing efficient ways through dense environments and we basically
want to study how they choose the safest and least energy-consuming routes.” said Marielle Ong, a researcher at the
University of Queensland in Australia.
To track the insects’ navigation, she and her team set up tiny obstacle courses for more than a hundred
honeybees. Along the way, the bees were forced to fly through one or the other of two openings of different sizes.
As a group, the bees usually flew through the wider opening, which makes sense - fewer chances of slamming their
tiny bee bodies into a wall.
But things got more interesting when Ong looked at the decisions made by individual bees, one by one. “We
found that 55 percent had no biases, and the rest of the 45 percent was a split between left-handed bees and
right-handed bees.”
In other words, some honeybees have a sidedness. They obviously don’t have hands, but let’s say they’re
either right-handed or left-handed. So, for example, a right-handed bee would prefer to navigate the overcrowded
right-side opening in the obstacle than go through the left-side hole, even though it was larger and safer. Sometimes,
bees with a sidedness would even land and walk through the smaller opening so that they could use their preferred
side.
These biases apparently help the members of large swarms (群) navigate through a complex environment
without crashing into each other. If all bees were right-handed, it would take a long time for the entire group to pass
through a small opening, such as a hive entrance. But by having a range of side biases, the entire swarm can move
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more quickly when it encounters an obstacle.
Ong thinks that one day engineers could apply this finding. They could design robotic drone swarms to pass
obstacles more efficiently. They could even program self-driving cars to operate less like a chaotic group of
humans and more like an orderly group of honeybees.
8．What method did researchers use to study honeybee navigation d
A．Observing bees in natural hives. B．Creating small challenge routes.
C．Tracking bees using GPS devices. D．Analyzing bee communication dances.
9．What did researchers discover about individual honeybees’ preferences
A．Bees preferred larger and safer openings.
B．Bees landed and walked through obstacles.
C．Bees displayed left-or right-side preferences.
D．Bees avoided flying through small openings altogether.
10．What is the benefit of sidedness in honeybee swarms
A．Bees navigate without colliding with one another.
B．Bees choose larger openings when facing obstacles.
C．Bees take more time passing through small openings.
D．Bees slow down and land to pass through smaller holes.
11．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
A．Robotic systems are already as orderly as honeybee swarms.
B．Side biases in bees prevent swarm movement through small openings.
C．Engineers could use honeybee behaviors to design chaotic swarm systems.
D．Honeybee navigation strategies could improve drone and vehicle efficiency.
【答案】8．B 9．C 10．A 11．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述蜜蜂导航的研究实验及其所揭示的蜜蜂的侧偏性对于整个群体交通
效率的好处，以及这一发现可能对工程领域的启发价值。
8．细节理解题 。根据文章第三段“To track the insects’ navigation, she and her team set up tiny obstacle courses
for more than a hundred honeybees. (为了追踪昆虫的导航，她和她的团队为一百多只蜜蜂设置了微型障碍路
线。)”可知，研究人员通过创建小型挑战路线研究蜜蜂的导航行为。故选 B。
9．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“In other words, some honeybees have a sidedness. They obviously don’t have
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hands, but let’s say they’re either right-handed or left-handed. (换句话说，有些蜜蜂有偏向性。它们显然没有手，
但我们说它们要么是左侧偏好，要么是右侧偏好。)”可知，研究人员发现蜜蜂表现出对左侧或右侧的偏好。
故选 C。
10．细节理解题。根据文章第六段“These biases apparently help the members of large swarms navigate through a
complex environment without crashing into each other. (这些偏好显然有助于大群蜜蜂成员在复杂的环境中导
航而不相互碰撞。)”可知，蜜蜂的侧偏性使它们在蜂群中能避免碰撞。故选 A。
11．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ong thinks that one day engineers could apply this finding. They could
design robotic drone swarms to pass obstacles more efficiently. They could even program self-driving cars to
operate less like a chaotic group of humans and more like an orderly group of honeybees. (Ong 认为，总有一天工
程师们可以运用这一发现。他们可以设计无人驾驶飞机群更有效地通过障碍物，甚至可以编程让自动驾驶
汽车运行得更像一群有序的蜜蜂而不是一群混乱的人类。)”可推知，蜜蜂的导航策略可以用于改进无人机和
自动驾驶汽车的效率。故选 D。
Passage（7）
【福建师范大学附属中学 2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末考】Metaura Pro claims to be the world’s first
wearable air-conditioning device capable of constantly blowing cold air to keep the wearer cool.
Conventional wearable cooling systems only circulate the surrounding air, and thus don’t do a very good job
of cooling people down. The stronger the wind blows, the hotter you get. This is definitely not what you want
during those hot summer days. Metaura Pro, on the other hand, relies on a cooling solution to produce genuinely
cold air that is 7 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏的) cooler than that of the surrounding area, in fan mode, and up to 18
degrees Fahrenheit cooler than the surrounding air, in cooling mode. The device has a smart app and relies on
artificial intelligence to regulate air temperature.
Metaura Pro is driven by a powerful motor and its cooling modules are made up of 26 lightweight flat
objects that wrap around the wearer’s neck and help to reduce heat. The motor is linked to a high-speed fan at the
back of the device which also drives away some of that warm air around the neck. The device also has a VC plate,
which has a liquid-cooled, heat-equalizing mechanism, efficiently creating a temperature differential between hot
and cold temperatures.
“What sets Metaura Pro apart from the competition is that it produces genuinely cold air lower than the
surrounding temperature, refreshing you during those dog days of summer,” the Metaura Pro Kickstarter
crowdfunding page reads.
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Metaura Pro not only supplies a cooling function, but also has the capacity for heating as well in winter, it
can be used to warm your body to a comfortable temperature, when the surrounding air feels cold.
The device intelligently monitors itself, so when you take it off, it recognizes that it is no longer in use and
will automatically shut off and switch to standby mode to save power consumption. Metaura Pro wearable collar is
powered by a chargeable battery that can provide only 3 hours of cooling on a single charge. The device weighs
435 grams, which is not heavy, but definitely noticeable.
5．How does Metaura Pro manage to keep people cool
A．By dropping the body temperature.
B．By circulating the surrounding air.
C．By producing lower-temperature air.
D．By blowing the strong wind around.
6．What is mainly discussed about Metaura Pro in paragraph 3
A．Its internal structure. B．Its operating costs.
C．Its amazing function. D．Its working principle.
7．What may be the disadvantage of the device
A．It puts limitation on cooling function.
B．It switches to different modes by hand.
C．It possesses a relatively short battery life.
D．It depends much on outdoor temperatures.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．A double-mode smart phone app
B．A cooling air-conditioning system
C．A rechargeable battery for e-products
D．A wearable temperature-adjusting device
【答案】5．C 6．D 7．C 8．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可穿戴温度调节装置，它通过产生低温空气让人们保持凉爽。
5．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Metaura Pro claims to be the world’s first wearable air-conditioning device capable
of constantly blowing cold air to keep the wearer cool.(Metaura Pro 声称是世界上第一款可穿戴的空调设备，它
能不断吹出冷空气，让佩戴者保持凉爽。)”可知，Metaura Pro 是通过产生低温空气让人们保持凉爽的。故
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选 C。
6．主旨大意题。根据第三段的“Metaura Pro is driven by a powerful motor and its cooling modules are made up
of 26 lightweight flat objects that wrap around the wearer’s neck and help to reduce heat. The motor is linked to a
high-speed fan at the back of the device which also drives away some of that warm air around the neck. The device
also has a VC plate, which has a liquid-cooled, heat-equalizing mechanism, efficiently creati(Metaura Pro 由一个
强大的马达驱动，它的冷却模块由 26 个轻质扁平物体组成，包裹在佩戴者的脖子上，有助于减少热量。马
达与设备后部的高速风扇相连，风扇也能驱走脖子周围的一些热空气。该设备也有一个 VC 板，它有一个液
体冷却，热均衡机制，有效地创造了冷热温度之间的温差。) ”可知，第三段主要讨论了 Metaura Pro 是如何
通过产生低温空气让人们保持凉爽的，即它的工作原理。故选 D。
7．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Metaura Pro wearable collar is powered by a chargeable battery that can provide
only 3 hours of cooling on a single charge.(Metaura Pro 可穿戴项圈由可充电电池供电，一次充电只能提供 3 小
时的冷却时间。)”可知，该设备的缺点是它的电池持续工作时间相对较短。故选 C。
8．主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段的“Metaura Pro claims to be the world’s first wearable air-conditioning
device capable of constantly blowing cold air to keep the wearer cool.(Metaura Pro 声称是世界上第一款可穿戴的
空调设备，它能不断吹出冷空气，让佩戴者保持凉爽。)”可知，Metaura Pro 是一款通过产生低温空气让人
们保持凉爽的设备，因此 D 项(一种可穿戴温度调节装置)适合作文章标题。故选 D。
Passage（8）
【福建省泉州市四校联考 2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学】The birth of a male white-tailed eagle signals
the success of the Roy Dennis Wildlife Foundation (RDWF) and Forestry England project to return these iconic
birds to their original widespread locations along the southern coast of England. The last time a white-tailed eagle
chick grew in England, Mozart was working on his opera Idomeneo in Germany
For two centuries these amazing birds were missing from most of the UK, having been wiped out by human
persecution by the early 20th century.
In 2020, the parents of the landmark bird were translocated from the Outer Hebrides and north-west
Sutherland in Scotland to the Isle of Wight. This is an area with plentiful food to sustain them. It is also a location
from which the birds could spread out to cliffs, lakes and forests.
Female G405 and male G471 were two of 25 eagles (16 are still alive) released by the RDWF and Forestry
England as part of the ongoing project. And they are one of three pairs to have now established breeding territories
in the south of England.
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The chick hatched earlier this summer at a nest on private land, the exact location of which is being kept a
secret to ensure the welfare of the young bird.
“This is a very special moment for everyone who has worked on, supported and followed this
ground-breaking project,” Roy Dennis says, founder of the RDWF. “Restoring a breeding population in southern
England, where the species was once widespread, has been our ultimate goal. Seeing the first pair reach this stage is
truly incredible.”
The young white-tailed eagle has now been ringed and fitted with a satellite tag (标签) so that its progress
can be tracked. A further release of young white-tailed eagles is planned for late summer from the project team’s
base on the Isle of Wight.
8．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Mozart in paragraph 1
A．To admire the musician’s great works.
B．To celebrate the birth of the white-tailed eagle.
C．To compare the situations of England and Germany.
D．To emphasize white-tailed eagles’ centuries-long absence.
9．Which word can replace the underlined word “persecution” in paragraph 2
A．Hunt. B．Exploration. C．Disturbance. D．Training.
10．Why is the accurate position of the chick kept secret
A．For privacy. B．For safety. C．For territory. D．For support.
11．Which may be a suitable title for the text
A．A Splendid Bird B．A Successful Wildlife Project
C．Milestone for White-tailed Eagles D．Restoring a Breeding Population
【答案】8．D 9．A 10．B 11．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一只雄性白尾鹰的出生是恢复英国白尾鹰繁殖的里程碑。
8．推理判断题。根据第一段“The last time a white-tailed eagle chick grew in England, Mozart was working on his
opera Idomeneo in Germany.(上一次白尾鹰雏鸟在英国长大时，莫扎特正在德国创作他的歌剧 Idomeneo)”可
推知，作者在第一段中提到 Mozart 是为了强调白尾鹰几个世纪之久的缺席。故选 D。
9．词义猜测题。根据第二段“... were missing from most of the UK, having been wiped out by human(……在英国
大部分地区都消失了，因人类的……而灭绝)”可推知，此处指这种鸟类因人类的猎杀而消失，画线词与 A 项
意思相近。故选 A。
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10．细节理解题。根据第五段“The chick hatched earlier this summer at a nest on private land, the exact location
of which is being kept a secret to ensure the welfare of the young bird.(今年夏天早些时候，这只雏鸟在私人土地
上的一个鸟巢里孵化出来，为了确保雏鸟的健康，鸟巢的确切位置一直保密)”可知，将雏鹰的准确位置保密
是为了确保其安全。故选 B。
11．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The birth of a male white-tailed eagle signals the success of the Roy Dennis Wildlife
Foundation (RDWF) and Forestry England project to return these iconic birds to their original widespread locations
along the southern coast of England.(一只雄性白尾鹰的诞生标志着罗伊丹尼斯野生动物基金会(RDWF)和英
格兰林业项目的成功，该项目将这些标志性的鸟类送回了它们原来在英格兰南部海岸的广泛分布的地方)”
以及第六段“This is a very special moment(这是一个非常特殊的时刻)”可知，文章主要介绍了一只雄性白尾鹰
的出生是恢复英国白尾鹰繁殖的里程碑。C 项“白尾鹰的里程碑”最适合作文章标题。故选 C。
二、语法填空
Passage（1）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
【2025 届贵州新高考高端精品模拟信息卷】British Museum is a comprehensive national museum with 1
(particular) outstanding holdings. The museum was originally based on three collections: those of Sir Hans Sloane,
Robert Harley and Sir Robert Cotton. The collections, also including a 2 (significance) number of
manuscripts, were housed in Montagu House and were opened to the public in 1759. The museum’s present
building, 3 (design) in the Greek Revival style, was built on the site of Montagu House in the period
1823 - 1852. Its famous round Reading Room was built in the 1850s. In 1881, the original natural history
collections 4 (move) to a new building in South Kensington to form the Natural History Museum, and in
1973 the British Museum’s library was joined with a number of other holdings 5 (create) the British
Library. About half the national library’s holdings were kept at the museum until 6 new library building
was opened in 1997.
After the books were removed, the interior of the Reading Room was restored to its original appearance.
looking unchanged. Also restored in time for the 250th anniversary of the museum’s 7 (establish) was
the King’s Library. It now 8 (house) a permanent exhibition on the Age of Enlightenment.
Among the British Museum’s most famous holdings are the Elgin Marbles, 9 were removed in
the early 19th century from Athens. Other objects in the collection include Greek sculptures, the Rosetta Stone,
relies 10 the palace and temples, the so-called Portland Vase, etc.
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【答案】1．particularly 2．significant 3．designed 4．were moved 5．to create 6．a 7．
establishment 8．houses 9．which 10．from/of
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。大英博物馆成立于 1753 年，是世界上历史最悠久、规模最宏伟的综合性博物
馆，也是世界上规模最大、最著名的四大博物馆之一。
1．考查副词。句意：大英博物馆是一座综合性的国家博物馆，馆藏特别丰富。此空修饰空后的形容词，因
此用其副词形式。故填 particularly。
2．考查形容词。句意：这些藏品，包括大量的手稿，被安置在蒙塔古宫，并于 1759 年向公众开放。此空
修饰名词 number，因此用其形容词形式作定语。故填 significant。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：博物馆目前的建筑设计为希腊复兴风格，建于 1823 年至 1852 年期间的蒙塔古
故居遗址上。此句已经有谓语动词 was built，因此此空用非谓语动词，building 和 design 之间是被动关系，
因此用过去分词表被动。故填 designed。
4．考查时态语态。句意：1881 年，原始的自然历史收藏被转移到南肯辛顿的一座新楼，形成了自然历史博
物馆。1973 年，大英博物馆的图书馆与其他一些馆藏一起创建了大英图书馆。根据此句的时间状语 1881，
说明此空应该用一般过去时，而且 collections 和 move 之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态。故
填 were moved。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：1881 年，原始的自然历史收藏被转移到南肯辛顿的一座新楼，形成了自然历史
博物馆。1973 年，大英博物馆的图书馆与其他一些馆藏一起创建了大英图书馆。本句已有谓语动词 were
moved，所以 create 用非谓语形式，根据句意，此空是不定式表示目的。故填 to create。
6．考查冠词。句意：大约一半的国家图书馆馆藏一直保存在博物馆，直到 1997 年新的图书馆大楼开放。
new library building 在文中第一次出现，且是单数可数名词，因此填不定冠词，new 为辅音音素开头，用 a
修饰。故填 a。
7．考查名词。句意：在博物馆成立 250 周年之际，国王图书馆也得到了及时修复。museum’s 是名词所有格
形式，因此后面接提示词的名词形式。故填 establishment。
8．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在这里有一个关于启蒙时代的常设展览。此句是一般性表述，因此用一
般现在时，而且主语是第三人称单数形式，因此谓语动词用单数形式。故填 houses。
9．考查定语从句。句意：在大英博物馆最著名的藏品中，埃尔金大理石雕（Elgin Marbles）是 19 世纪初从
雅典搬走的。空处引导非限制性定语从句。先行词是 the Elgin Marbles，在从句中作主语，用 which 引导。
故填 which。
10．考查介词。句意：其他藏品包括希腊雕塑、罗塞塔石碑、宫殿和寺庙的遗物、所谓的波特兰花瓶等。
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此处指（来自）宫殿和寺庙的遗物。用介词 from 或者 of。故填 from 或者 of。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage（2）
【2025 届山西省孝义市高三下学期 2 月模拟】For the Chinese people, one of the remarkable cultural events
staying in their memories is probably the“24 Solar Terms” 11 (recognize) as a World Intangible Cultural
Heritage.
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter (立冬), the 19th
solar term of the year, begins this year on Nov 7 and ends on Nov 21. Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter,
12 means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should 13 (store) up. However, with the
vast territory of China, winter of every area doesn’t begin at the same time.
A legend has it that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD25—220), “Medical Saint” Zhang Zhongjing
saved many people 14 a typhoid (伤寒的) epidemic around Start of Winter. The 15 (solve)
was to drink more hot soup. He cooked mutton and herbs 16 (resist) the cold and increase body heat. He
wrapped these ingredients into a dough skin and made 17 (they) into an ear shape. Since then, people
18 (learn) to make the food - “dumpling”. Today there is still a saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of
Winter Day, 19 your ears will be frostbitten”.
In Southeast China in places such as Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces, people there like to eat
high-calorie food such as chicken, duck, beef, mutton, and fish, to enhance the 20 (effect)
nourishment. Even the 24 Solar Terms are already part of the life, there is still a long way to go in order to protect
the cultural heritage from fading away.
【答案】11．recognized 12．which 13．be stored 14．from 15．solution 16．to resist 17．
them 18．have learned 19．or 20．effective
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的“24 节气”之一——立冬，包括其在 24 节气中的位置、
含义、与农作物的关系、以及与之相关的传统习俗和地域性饮食特色。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：对中国人来说，留在他们记忆中的非凡文化事件之一，很可能就是被认定为
世界非物质文化遗产的“二十四节气”。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“the“24 Solar Terms””和
动词“recognize”之间存在被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填 recognized。
12．考查定语从句。句意：立冬是冬季的第一个节气，这意味着冬天即将来临，秋天收获的庄稼应该储存
起来。空处为定语从句的关系词；代指主句一句话，关系词在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词
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which 引导。故填 which。
13．考查谓语动词。句意：立冬是一年中的第十九个节气，今年从 11 月 7 日开始，到 11 月 21 日结束。立
冬是冬季的第一个节气，这意味着冬天即将来临，秋天收获的庄稼应该储存起来。空处为从句的谓语动词；
出现在情态动词之后，用动词原形；主语为“crops”，复数，和动词“store”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。
故填 be stored。
14．考查介词。句意：相传，在东汉末年（公元 25 年至 220 年），“医圣”张仲景在立冬前后，从一场伤
寒疫情中拯救了许多人的生命。短语：save…from…，意为“从……挽救……”，符合句意。故填 from。
15．考查名词。句意：解决办法是多喝热汤。空处为名词形式的担当主语；根据谓语动词“was”可知，主语
为名词单数。故填 solution。
16．考查非谓语动词。句意：他将羊肉和草药一起熬煮，用来抵御寒冷，增加身体的热量。空处为非谓语
动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填 to resist。
17．考查代词。句意：他把这些食材包在面皮里，做成了耳朵的形状。空处为代词担当宾语，用代词 they
的宾格形式。故填 them。
18．考查谓语动词。句意：从那以后，人们学会了制作这种食物——“饺子”。空处为本句谓语动词；根据时
间状语“since then”可知，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“people”，复数，和动词“learn”之间为主动关系。
故填 have learned。
19．考查连词。句意：如今，仍然有这样一种说法：“立冬不端饺子碗，冻掉耳朵没人管”。空处为连词；根
据句意可知，空处意为“否则、要不然”，用 or 连接。故填 or。
20．考查形容词。句意：在中国东南部，比如福建、广东和台湾等省份，人们喜欢吃鸡肉、鸭肉、牛肉、
羊肉和鱼等高热量的食物，以进行有效的滋补。修饰名词“nourishment”用形容词形式，意为“有效的”。故填
effective。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，
Passage（3）
【2025 届江苏省南通市如皋市高三下上学期适应性考试（一）】UNESCO has recently added the “Spring
Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional New Year” to its Representative List
of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, This inclusion 21 (represent) a deeper
acknowledgment of the richness and liveliness of the Chinese culture. It also provides an opportunity for people
around the world 22 (learn) about and appreciate Chinese traditions. And it is a reminder
23 while we may have different ways of celebrating, the underlying values of love, hope, and connection
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are 24 (universal) shared.
The Spring Festival 25 (celebrate) for over 4,000 years and is the most important
traditional festival in China. It begins on the eve of the Lunar New Year and lasts for 15 days 26
(conclude) with the Lantern Festival. For many, it is a time to return to their hometowns, reunite with loved ones,
27 honor ancestors, a practice deeply 28 (root) in Confucian values.
29 its ancient origins, the Spring Festival remains deeply relevant in modern times. It has
evolved to incorporate contemporary elements, such as digital red envelopes and online greetings, while retaining
its core values. For many younger 30 (generate), it serves as a bridge to their cultural heritage,
offering a sense of continuity and identity in an ever-changing world.
【答案】21．represents 22．to learn 23．that 24．universally 25．has been celebrated 26．
concluding 27．and 28．rooted 29．Despite 30．generations
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国春节被联合国教科文组织列入人类非物质文化遗产代表作名
录的意义，以及春节在中国文化中的重要地位和庆祝方式。
21．考查动词时态。句意：这一纳入体现了对中国文化丰富性和生动性的更深刻认可。陈述客观事实，使
用一般现在时，主语“This inclusion”为单数形式，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式represents。故填represents。
22．考查非谓语动词。句意：它也为世界各地的人们提供了一个了解和欣赏中国传统文化的机会。此处为
动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词 opportunity，表示“学习和欣赏中国传统文化的机会”故填 to learn。
23．考查名词性从句。句意：它提醒我们，尽管我们庆祝的方式可能各不相同，但爱、希望和联系这些基
本价值观是全世界共通的。此处为同位语从句的引导词，对名词“reminder”进行解释说明，且从句成分完整、
意义完整，所以用连接词 that 引导。故填 that。
24．考查副词。句意同上。修饰动词 shared 需用副词形式 universally。故填 universally。
25．考查动词时态语态。句意：春节已有 4000 多年的庆祝历史，是中国最重要的传统节日。根据时间状语
“for over 4,000 years”可知，此处用现在完成时，且主语“The Spring Festival”与动词“celebrate”之间为被动关
系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用 has。故填 has been celebrated。
26．考查非谓语动词。句意：它从农历新年的前夜开始，持续 15 天，以元宵节结束。此处为非谓语动词作
状语，It 和 conclude 为逻辑主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填 concluding。
27．考查连词。句意：对许多人来说，这是一个回到家乡、与亲人团聚、祭拜祖先的时刻，这一习俗深深
植根于儒家价值观之中。此处为并列连词连接三个并列的动词不定式短语“to return to their hometowns”、“(to)
reunite with loved ones”和“(to) honor ancestors”，表示这三个动作都是春节期间人们会做的，所以用并列连词
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and。故填 and。
28．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词 practice，root 和 practice 为逻
辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填 rooted。
29．考查介词。句意：尽管春节起源于古代，但它在现代仍然具有深远的意义。此处表示“尽管”应用介词despite，
位于句首，首字母需大写。故填 Despite。
30．考查名词。句意：对于许多年轻一代来说，春节是他们与文化传统之间的桥梁，在这个不断变化的世
界中为他们提供了连续性和归属感。many 修饰可数名词复数形式。故填 generations。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage（4）
【2025届河南省南阳完全学校高三第二次调研考试联考】Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous vehicles,
have been a topic of interest and 31 (argue) for several years. The idea of vehicles that can operate 32
human control is promising. It can make transportation efficient and convenient. And as technology continues to
advance rapidly, the widespread use of self-driving cars seems increasingly popular and 33 (avoidable).
In a future impacted by climate change and ecosystem protection, the role of self-driving cars 34
(become) vital in their environmental and social benefits and thus can increase energy efficiency, ease traffic jams,
and promote shared mobility. 35 (enable) the change to electric and renewable-powered vehicles,
self-driving cars also help encourage the efficient use of infrastructure (基础设施). However, some challenges must
be addressed 36 (ensure) safety. One of the primary 37 (concern) is regulation (管理), as current
traffic laws and policies may not be equipped to handle various problems closely 38 (relate) to autonomous
vehicles. Governments and regulatory bodies will need to establish clear guidelines and safety standards 39
are essential to manage the operation of self-driving cars on roads.
In conclusion, the future of self-driving cars presents 40 mix of opportunities and challenges that
will shape our societies, economies, and environments. We should develop the strengths of this technology while
reducing its risks.
【答案】31．argument 32．without 33．unavoidable 34．will become 35．Enabling
36．to ensure 37．concerns 38．related 39．that/which 40．a
【导语】本文的体裁是说明文。文章讲述了关于自动驾驶汽车的影响、好处、面临的挑战以及未来展望。
31．考查名词。句意：自动驾驶汽车，也被称为无人驾驶汽车，多年来一直是一个备受关注和争议的话题。
空白处在句子中作介词 of 的宾语，所以此处应使用 argue 的名词形式，故填 argument。
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32．考查介词。句意：能够在无人控制的情况下运行的车辆这一想法是很有前景的。根据上文“Self-driving
cars(自动驾驶汽车)”可知此处表示“没有”人类控制的车辆，故填 without。
33．考查形容词。句意：随着技术的快速持续发展，自动驾驶汽车的广泛使用似乎越来越流行且不可避免。
空白处在句子中作表语使用形容词，根据上文“the widespread use of self-driving cars seems increasingly
popular(自动驾驶汽车的广泛使用似乎越来越流行)”可知自动驾驶汽车的广泛使用似乎越来越流行，可推理
出空白处应填表示“不可避免”含义的形容词，所以此处应使用 avoidable 的反义词作表语，故填 unavoidable。
34．考查时态。句意：在受气候变化和生态系统保护影响的未来，自动驾驶汽车在环境和社会效益方面的
作用将变得至关重要，从而可以提高能源效率、缓解交通堵塞并促进共享出行。根据上文“In a future(在一
个……的未来)”可知句子表示的是一个将来发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般将来时，故填 will become。
35．考查非谓语动词。句意：自动驾驶汽车使向电动和可再生能源汽车的转变成为可能，也有助于鼓励基
础设施的有效利用。空白处在句子中做状语，因与其逻辑主语 self-driving cars 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，
使用现在分词。位于句首，故填 Enabling。
36．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，为了确保安全，必须应对一些挑战。空白处在句子中做状语表示目的，
使用动词不定式，故填 to ensure。
37．考查名词。句意：主要的担忧之一是监管，因为现行的交通法规和政策可能无法处理与自动驾驶汽车
密切相关的各种问题。此处使用了“one of + 复数名词”，该表达为固定短语，含义为表示“……之一”，故填
concerns。
38．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词，因与其逻辑主语 problems
之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词，故填 related。
39．考查定语从句。句意：政府和监管机构将需要建立明确的指导方针和安全标准，这对管理自动驾驶汽
车在道路上的运行至关重要。空白处应填入关系代词引导限制性定语从句并做主语，先行词是 guidelines and
safety standards，指事物，故填 that/which。
40．考查冠词。句意：总之，自动驾驶汽车的未来是机遇与挑战的混合体，这将塑造我们的社会、经济和
环境。因空白处后面有名词，根据冠词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词，表示“一个”含义，且因 a mix of...
为固定短语，意为“……的混合体”，符合句意，故填 a。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage（5）
【2025 届山东省菏泽市高考一模】On January 28, 2025, a special performance called YangBOT amazed
audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s most-watched TV show.
24 / 34
In the performance, humanoid robots 41 (dress) in colorful costumes danced yangko, a joyful folk
dance from northern China often seen during festivals. These robotics, which 42 (design) specially for this
show by Unitree, a Chinese company, spun 43 (handkerchief) instantly and formed creative group patterns.
This was not the first success for Unitree - in 2021, their robot cows named “Ben Ben” danced as backup for singer
Andy Lau.
The robots learned dance moves through AI to move 44 (safe) on the uneven stage. Their strong
joints helped to balance 45 (they) perfectly during fast steps. This dance wasn’t just fun but it showed
46 technology could bring to traditions.
Thanks to the 47 (innovate), the robots won the hearts of millions. Young viewers called it “cool”,
48 older audiences loved its humor and festive spirit.
The YangBOT program is a perfect mix 49 China’s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said,
“It’s like 50 (watch) the future and past dance together!”
【答案】41．dressed 42．were designed 43．handkerchiefs 44．safely 45．them 46．what
47．innovation 48．while 49．of 50．watching
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了在 2025 年 1 月 28 日的中国中央电视台春节联欢晚会上，一个
名为“YangBOT”的特别表演让观众们惊叹不已。
41．考查非谓语动词。句意：在表演中，穿着彩色服装的人形机器人跳起了秧歌，秧歌是中国北方的一种
欢快的民间舞蹈，节日期间经常能看到。danced 为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，robots 和
dress 为被动关系，需填过去分词形式。故填 dressed。
42．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这些机器人是由一家中国公司 Unitree 专门为这次展览设计的，它们能瞬
间旋转手帕，形成创造性的群体图案。which 引导非限制性定语从句中，先行词为 These robotics，引导词
which 指先行词 These robotics，为复数，与动词 design 之间为被动关系，且根据上下文可知为一般过去时，
故用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 were designed。
43．考查名词复数。句意：这些机器人是由一家中国公司 Unitree 专门为这次展览设计的，它们能瞬间旋转
手帕，形成创造性的群体图案。空处需填名词作宾语，handkerchief 为可数名词，主语“These robotics”为复
数，空处应用复数形式。故填 handkerchiefs。
44．考查副词。句意：这些机器人通过人工智能学习舞蹈动作，在不平的舞台上安全移动。空处应填副词
作状语修饰动词 move，safe 的副词为 safely。故填 safely。
45．考查代词。句意：在快速舞步中，它们强壮的关节帮助它们完美地保持平衡。空处需填代词作宾语，
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此处指代前面的 robots，应用宾格形式。故填 them。
46．考查宾语从句。句意：这场舞蹈不仅有趣，而且展示了科技能给传统带来什么。空处引导宾语从句，
从句中缺少宾语，指物，应用连接代词 what 引导。故填 what。
47．考查名词。句意：多亏了这些创新，机器人赢得了数百万人的心。空处需填名词作介词 to 的宾语，innovate
的名词为 innovation，为不可数名词。故填 innovation。
48．考查连词。句意：年轻观众认为它“很酷”，而老年观众则喜欢它的幽默和节日气氛。根据句意可知，前
后为两个完整的句子，且为对比关系，需用连词 while 连接。故填 while。
49．考查介词。句意：“YangBOT”节目完美融合了中国的技术进步和文化自豪感。空前的 mix 为名词，与
of 连用构成短语 a mix of，表示“……的混合”。故填 of。
50．考查非谓语动词。句意：就像在观看未来和过去的舞蹈一样！空前的 like 为介词，空处作介词宾语，
应为动名词。故填 watching。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Passage（6）
【2025届湖北省黄冈市黄梅县育才高级中学高三核心模拟卷（二）】At 8:12 on November 10, 2020, Fendouzhe,
China's latest and 51 (three) deep sea manned vessel (潜水器) successfully landed on the bottom of the
Mariana Trench 52 (set) a new record of 10,909-meter manned deep diving.
During 53 deep sea scientific exploration, Fendouzhe will bring back precious video data, mineral
and biological 54 (sample) for further scientific research on the Mariana Trench.
Fendouzhe, 55 inner space is the largest of its kind in the world, can accommodate three researchers
at the same time. A new type of material independently 56 (development) by China ensures that the vessel
is capable of resisting high pressure on the deepest seabed. Due 57 the improved communicating system,
Fendouzhe can send real-time texts, voices and images from the 10,000-meter-deep seabed to the mother ship on
the sea surface. Fendouzhe can work undersea 58 (continuous) for about 10 hours due to the key technical
breakthrough in battery materials.
In the 1960s, China put forward the dream of "exploring the moon in space and discovening the mysteries of
oceans". But until the 1990s, China's diving 59 (deep) remained at 600 meters, while MIRs (Russia's
deep-sea manned vessel) had reached-6,000 meters. Since-2005, Chinese researchers 60 (make) constant
breakthroughs with its three deep-sea manned vessels Jiaolong, Haidou and Fendouzhe.
【答案】51．third 52．setting 53．the 54．samples 55．whose 56．developed 57．to
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58．continuously 59．depth 60．have made/ have been making
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了我国的深海载人潜水器首次对 MarianaTrench 进行科学考
察。
51．考查数词。句意：2020 年 11 月 10 日 8 时 12 分，中国的最新深海载人潜水器“奋斗者”号成功在马里亚
纳海沟底部着陆，创造了 10909 米载人深潜的新纪录，根据空前的 latest 及空后的单数名词 vessel 可知，这
里用序数词 third 作定语。故填 third。
52．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。所填词作状语，与逻辑主语 the landing 存在主谓关系，故用所给动词的
现在分词表示主动，作结果状语，表示意料之中的结果。故填 setting。
53．考查冠词。句意：在深海科学探索期间，“奋斗者”号将带回珍贵的视频数据、矿物和生物样本，用于进
一步对马里亚纳海沟进行科学研究。此处的scientific exploration特指“我国的深海载人潜水器首次对 Mariana
Trench 进行的科技考察”，故用定冠词。故填 the。
54．考查名词复数。句意同上。sample 为可数名词，根据空前的定语 mineral and biological 可知，样本种
类比较多，故用所给名词的复数形式作宾语。故填 samples。
55．考查定语从句。句意：“奋斗者”号内部空间是世界上最大的，能够同时容纳三名研究人员。该空在此处
引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少定语，且 inner space 与 Fendouzhe 构成所属关系，故此处用 whose 来
引导该定语从句。故填 whose。
56．考查非谓语动词。句意：一种由中国独立研发的新型材料确保了潜水器能够在最深的海底承受高压。
所填词在此处作后置定语，修饰 material，而且 develop 与 material 之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去
分词 形式。故填 developed。
57．考查介词。句意：由于改进的通信系统，“奋斗者”号能够从 1 万米深的海底向海面上的母船发送实时文
字、语音和图像。due to 意为“由于”，为固定短语。故填 to。
58．考查副词。句意：得益于电池材料的关键技术突破，“奋斗者”号可以在水下连续工作约 10 小时。所填
词在此处修饰动词 work，作状语，故用所给形容词的副词形式 continuously。故填 continuously。
59．考查名词。句意：直到 20 世纪 90 年代，中国的下潜深度仍停留在 600 米，而俄罗斯的“和平号”潜水器
已经达到了 6000 米。所填词在此处作主语，故用所给形容词的名词形式 depth，不可数名词。故填 depth。
60．考查动词的时态和主谓一致。句意：自 2005 年以来，中国研究人员通过“蛟龙”号、“海斗”号和“奋斗者”
号这三台深海载人潜水器，取得了连续的突破。根据时间状语 Since 2005 可知，该处用现在完成时或现在
完成进行时，且主语是复数。故填 have made/ have been making。
语法填空
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Passage（7）
【2025 届福建省仙游第一中学高三第二次模拟考试】Hydrogen Energy: Powering the Beijing Winter
Olympics
The Beijing Winter Olympics was 61 remarkable event, not only for its outstanding sports
competitions 62 also for its innovative use of clean energy. Recognizing the urgency of environmental
63 (protect) and the need to reduce carbon 64 (emission), the Chinese government made a bold move
by utilizing hydrogen energy to power the Olympics.
Hydrogen, 65 a 大题预测 03 阅读理解说明文+语法填空(二)
一、阅读理解说明文
Passage（1）
【湖南省长沙四大名校 2024-2025 学年高三下学期 2 月月考】A few weeks ago, a well-meaning professor
tried to explain the physiological process behind viruses and the human body in a tweet (推 特 ) and was
immediately criticized for a mistake in his information. He then issued an apology and deleted his erroneous tweet.
Communicating science beyond the academic bubble is necessary to boost public understanding of health
and environmental issues and helping individuals make well-informed personal decisions.
However, scientists who engage in science communication must acknowledge that even in their area, their
expertise is deep but narrow. They need to recognize the restrictions in their own knowledge. That is not to suggest
that they only write or present on their own research, but rather, that they consult with an expert if the topic is
outside of their discipline. Fact-checking with a scientist who works in the specialty will prevent the unintentional
spread of misinformation, and the process of doing so may yield tiny pieces of interesting new information that can
be incorporated.
Some have argued that the public is not educated enough to understand scientific information, especially for
any complex phenomena, but this is absurd. Science instruction can be found at all levels of public education with
most secondary schools offering classes on biology, physics, and chemistry. If anything, social media has shown
that the public longs for knowledge based on a solid scientific foundation. Even the public discourse (话语) that
follows most scientific articles shows that online readers can understand even the most puzzling of scientific
principles.
It is equally necessary to emphasize that being an expert on a topic does not automatically make a scholar
qualified to communicate it to a nonscientific audience. A number of scientists recently have been offering
public-aimed explanations of scientific phenomena. Even though they have appropriate titles, they often do very
little in the way of explaining. One biologist shared a complex analogy (类比) involving a library, books, paper, a
recipe, ingredients, and a cake to explain the process behind vaccines. Any explanation that requires a written key
to keep track of what each item represents is not a clear example for public consumption.
Science communication is a science in and of itself. It requires rigorous training and instruction. A scientist
should take communication courses that can teach a person how to identify and eliminate jargon (术语) and how to
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develop effective analogies to explain complex concepts. One cannot assume communication expertise — imagine
if someone just decided that they were a physicist and started trying to contribute to the field without the necessary
background. Doing a poor job communicating science to the public will only create confusion and widen the gap
between science and society, a gap that scientists are trying to close.
12．What does the author advise scientists do to deal with topics outside of their specialty
A．Explore them from new angles. B．Turn to professionals for help.
C．Use information from diverse sources. D．Double-check with colleagues in their field.
13．What does the author mainly tell us in paragraph 4
A．The public’s understanding of science is much better than some have claimed.
B．Scientific articles have gained increasing popularity among the general public.
C．Modern technology has facilitated communication between scientists and the public.
D．A solid academic foundation is essential to understanding puzzling scientific principles.
14．What does the example of the biologist sharing a complex analogy show
A．It is vital to have appropriate titles to explain scientific issues.
B．It is helpful to use illustrations in explaining scientific phenomena.
C．A learned scholar is not necessarily a qualified science communicator.
D．A nonscientific audience cannot correctly understand principles of science.
15．What does the author suggest scientists do to bridge the gap between science and society
A．Develop communication skills. B．Take courses in public speaking.
C．Make appropriate use of scientific terms. D．Explain complex concepts scientifically.
Passage（2）
【湖南师范大学附属中学 2024-2025 学年高三下学期 2 月月考】Have you ever suddenly developed an
appetite from a brightly colored cheeseburger, or decided to step into a candy or ice cream store displaying a
window full of lively shades and hues of sweet treats If so, you are in good company. Unless we are medically
instructed or strictly dieting, we are not likely to keep away from the attraction of the food by simply realizing its
shortage of nutritional value.
Devina Wadhera and Elizabeth D．Capaldi-Phillips in “A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food”
recognize the impact of sensory cues (信号) on food consumption and enjoyment, and the potential they have to
encourage healthy eating behavior. They cite previous research in providing some interesting examples of the
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visual impact of different color schemes (方案) on appetite and food enjoyment. They note that pink food on a
white plate is considered sweeter and more flavorful than the same food on a black plate. Apparently, we consume
with more of our senses than we realize.
So given the rainbow of colors around us when faced with so many appealing food choices, is there any way
to control our appetite Thankfully, some research says yes.
Oliver Genschow proved that when it comes to eating less, colors impact consumption. They researched the
effect of the color red and found that people ate fewer pretzels when using a red plate, as opposed to white or blue,
and drank less from a red cup than a blue cup. They suggest that the color red reduces food and drink intake by
functioning as a stop signal.
But when it comes to healthy eating, instead of putting on a pair of sunglasses to block the attractive colors
of food, consider the value of discipline. Healthy eating involves intentional choices, not mindless responses to
sensory cues. And before you invest in red tableware to slim down, remember that what goes onto those plates is
much more important.
12．What may be a major reason for us to refuse eye-catching food
A．Advertisements everywhere. B．The shortage of nutrition.
C．The rich color of food display. D．The doctor’s instructions.
13．What might be dealt with in “A Review of Visual Cues Associated with Food”
A．Benefits of different color schemes.
B．Interesting examples of food service.
C．Potentials to encourage food consumption.
D．Effects of sensory cues on food choices.
14．What does the author suggest people do in the last paragraph
A．Make proper food choices. B．Follow the sensory response.
C．Avoid any colorful food. D．Wear sunglasses to block colors.
15．What is the best title for the text
A．Colors Help You Control Weight B．Color Schemes Make People Confused
C．Colors Impact Food Attraction and Appetite D．The Rainbow of Colors Is the Best Seller
Passage（3）
【华中师范大学第一附属中学 2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学】Socrates declared that the unexamined
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life wasn’t worth living for a human being, implying that we should attempt to know ourselves, to think through
our actions, choices, prejudices, and attitudes. But when it comes to thinking about our own happiness and what
makes our lives go well, it really does seem that this reflective attitude can ruin our chances of finding what we
seek.
Perhaps it’s not surprising that we are better designed for engaging in other activities than reflecting on how
best to achieve our own happiness and well-being. Doing things that enhance our growth in physical, social and
intellectual areas tends to bring the reward of feeling good, and so stimulates us further to pursue those activities.
Sitting around reflecting on what will make us happy is a lot less efficient than chasing the things that make us
happy, and if we think too much, there is an opportunity cost — time that we could have spent in a worthwhile
activity has gone while we were thinking deeply about the best way to develop.
The philosopher David has written about the role of reflective thinking in sports. One of his observations is
that while sportspeople need to think about the basic actions they are performing, it can be counterproductive to
start thinking about the elements making up those actions. A footballer needs to think about kicking the ball low
and hard to the left of the goalkeeper, but not to overthink the mechanics of the precise small movements of legs
and feet that produce that outcome. If he or she does start this sort of thought process, it very often leads to a poorer
shot. What’s needed is a kind of automatic response to the situation.
Perhaps something similar is going on in our life. Those people who start detailed programs of
self-development in various dimensions, focusing on diet, habits, exercise, mental activity, work output, and so on,
are like the footballer thinking through the small muscle movements. Perhaps their well-meaning self-reflection on
their own development and how they want to achieve it, is the very thing that will make a high level of
development forever unobtainable for them.
12．What may cause an opportunity cost
A．Spending time on worthy activities. B．Joining in social meetings actively.
C．Getting stuck in much self-reflection. D．Doing physical exercises efficiently.
13．Why does the author mention David’s observations
A．To praise a wise philosopher. B．To teach readers football skills.
C．To cite a case of overthinking. D．To argue for reflective thinking.
14．What does the author suggest readers do to achieve their goals
A．Make a comprehensive plan. B．Adopt a direct approach.
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C．Think carefully before action. D．Attach importance to details.
15．What is a suitable title for this text
A．The Risk of Overthinking B．The Key to Well-being
C．The Way to Think Reflectively D．The Method to Develop Yourself
Passage（4）
【湖北省武汉中学2024-2025学年高三上学期12月月考】The Christmas Pig, J.K. Rowling’s first children’
s novel since Harry Potter I, is a feel-good book, full of surprises, which will delight adults and children alike, not
only for the original story, but also for the imaginative scenery, characters and objects that interact with the main
characters.
It tells the story of Jack and the love he feels for Dur Pig, a stuffed toy pig who has been with him since he
was a toddler. After losing him on Christmas Eve, Jack will embark on a great adventure to save Dur Pig with the
help of the Christmas Pig, a brand-new replacement for Dur Pig.
J.K. Rowling shows again, with this book, why she is considered one of the greatest storytellers of her time.
She distinguishes herself again in world building, and younger and older readers will be surprised, chapter after
chapter, by the original ideas that she introduces in this world that Jack and his friend visit. The world Rowling
creates is not complex but it does not underestimate children: it is a world with clear logistics that the protagonists
(主人翁) must follow, carefully crafted to serve the story and not its readers.
Those long time readers of J.K. Rowling’s works will find familiar passages and themes that they may want
to connect to the Harry Potter books. It is hard to tell if those references are there on purpose, but there may be
some satisfaction in thinking that Rowling must have noticed and enjoyed them privately while she was writing
them.
Parents around the world may have a difficult time every night, once a chapter is finished and their children
must go to sleep. The Christmas Pig will keep readers turning pages with a great and imaginative story, filled with
cliffhangers at the end of most chapters that will leave kids asking for more. If some reviewers said that The
Ickabog lacked Harry Potter’s magic, they can rest assured that The Christmas Pig has all the magic that J.K.
Rowling can provide, and that’s more than enough.
28．Why is J.K. Rowling rated as one of the best storytellers of her time
A．Her capacity in building characters. B．Her ability to design complicated plots.
C．Her tendency to write to children’s taste.D．Her creativity in world building.
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29．What does the underlined word “cliffhangers” probably mean in Paragraph 5
A．Imagination. B．Suspense. C．Magic. D．Challenge.
30．What can we infer from paragraph 4 and paragraph 5
A．She intentionally included references to her previous works.
B．Parents have difficulty falling asleep after finishing a chapter.
C．Some reviewers found The Ickabog full of magic.
D．The Christmas Pig is a good illustration of J.K. Rowling’s magic.
31．What is the author’s attitude towards J.K. Rowling’s book “The Christmas Pig”
A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Enthusiastic. D．Indifferent.
Passage（5）
【河北省沧衡名校联盟 2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学考试】It is not just the environment and the
economy that are threatened by a warmer climate, but also culture and traditions around the world. Researchers at
Lund University in Sweden and the University of Queensland in Australia have mapped what little is known about
how climate change is eroding local knowledge and cultural heritage.
“We risk losing the memory of Indigenous (本 土 的 ) people’s ways of life without this type of
documentation,” says Guy Jackson, a postdoctoral fellow at Lund University.
He is one of the authors of a literature study that includes 100 scientific articles, most of which focus on
North America or the Northern Arctic Circle. One of the conclusions of previous studies is that cultural heritage is
primarily seen as something of material value, such as an archaeological site or historic building. However,
focusing on the loss of material cultural heritage means that important traditions and knowledge systems are
overlooked. “There are many non-material losses that are valuable for both individual identity and group identity,”
says Guy Jackson.
Actually there is a clear connection between loss of Indigenous cultural heritage and changes in the natural
environment. For example, songs and working methods change when groups lose traditions linked to a physical
location. One scientific article points out that for the Inuit in Canada, identity is closely linked to the environment:
“Inuit people are people of the sea ice. If there is no more sea ice, how can they be people of the sea ice ”
According to Guy Jackson, this could lead to several consequences. Loss of traditions and cultural heritage
can make it more difficult to deal with climate change, and weaken social cohesion (凝聚力), as people lose touch
with traditional ways of life.
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The researchers hope that the literature study can lead to more targeted research. In particular, they want to
see a larger focus on how to handle, minimize and reduce future losses. “Science should contribute by developing
practical solutions that help with adaptation to the losses that have already happened”, Guy Jackson concludes.
12．Which word can replace the underlined word “eroding” in Paragraph 1
A．Weakening. B．Classifying. C．Preserving. D．Stabilizing.
13．What does Guy Jackson think of the previous studies
A．Well-grounded.B．Two-dimensional. C．Non-standard. D．One-sided.
14．Which example relates to cultural heritage loss most due to environmental changes
A．The downfall of local incomes.
B．The disunity of the local population.
C．The decline in traditional farming methods.
D．The distancing of interpersonal relationships.
15．What do researchers hope the future research will focus on
A．Minimizing the loss of material heritage.
B．Limiting potential cultural heritage damages.
C．Developing strategies for protecting ecosystems.
D．Broadening the geographical focus of the research.
Passage（6）
【广东省深圳市高级中学 2024-2025 学年高三上学期第三次诊断考试】Honeybees have a difficult task.
First, they have to find food. Then they have to return to the hive to tell other bees where to find it. The bees have
to fly back and forth between the hive and their food over and over again. Also they need to deal with whatever
obstacles lie along their flight paths.
“Honeybees face a lot of challenges in choosing efficient ways through dense environments and we basically
want to study how they choose the safest and least energy-consuming routes.” said Marielle Ong, a researcher at the
University of Queensland in Australia.
To track the insects’ navigation, she and her team set up tiny obstacle courses for more than a hundred
honeybees. Along the way, the bees were forced to fly through one or the other of two openings of different sizes.
As a group, the bees usually flew through the wider opening, which makes sense - fewer chances of slamming their
tiny bee bodies into a wall.
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But things got more interesting when Ong looked at the decisions made by individual bees, one by one. “We
found that 55 percent had no biases, and the rest of the 45 percent was a split between left-handed bees and
right-handed bees.”
In other words, some honeybees have a sidedness. They obviously don’t have hands, but let’s say they’re
either right-handed or left-handed. So, for example, a right-handed bee would prefer to navigate the overcrowded
right-side opening in the obstacle than go through the left-side hole, even though it was larger and safer. Sometimes,
bees with a sidedness would even land and walk through the smaller opening so that they could use their preferred
side.
These biases apparently help the members of large swarms (群) navigate through a complex environment
without crashing into each other. If all bees were right-handed, it would take a long time for the entire group to pass
through a small opening, such as a hive entrance. But by having a range of side biases, the entire swarm can move
more quickly when it encounters an obstacle.
Ong thinks that one day engineers could apply this finding. They could design robotic drone swarms to pass
obstacles more efficiently. They could even program self-driving cars to operate less like a chaotic group of
humans and more like an orderly group of honeybees.
8．What method did researchers use to study honeybee navigation d
A．Observing bees in natural hives. B．Creating small challenge routes.
C．Tracking bees using GPS devices. D．Analyzing bee communication dances.
9．What did researchers discover about individual honeybees’ preferences
A．Bees preferred larger and safer openings.
B．Bees landed and walked through obstacles.
C．Bees displayed left-or right-side preferences.
D．Bees avoided flying through small openings altogether.
10．What is the benefit of sidedness in honeybee swarms
A．Bees navigate without colliding with one another.
B．Bees choose larger openings when facing obstacles.
C．Bees take more time passing through small openings.
D．Bees slow down and land to pass through smaller holes.
11．What does the author imply in the last paragraph
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A．Robotic systems are already as orderly as honeybee swarms.
B．Side biases in bees prevent swarm movement through small openings.
C．Engineers could use honeybee behaviors to design chaotic swarm systems.
D．Honeybee navigation strategies could improve drone and vehicle efficiency.
Passage（7）
【福建师范大学附属中学 2024-2025 学年高三上学期期末考】Metaura Pro claims to be the world’s first
wearable air-conditioning device capable of constantly blowing cold air to keep the wearer cool.
Conventional wearable cooling systems only circulate the surrounding air, and thus don’t do a very good job
of cooling people down. The stronger the wind blows, the hotter you get. This is definitely not what you want
during those hot summer days. Metaura Pro, on the other hand, relies on a cooling solution to produce genuinely
cold air that is 7 degrees Fahrenheit (华氏的) cooler than that of the surrounding area, in fan mode, and up to 18
degrees Fahrenheit cooler than the surrounding air, in cooling mode. The device has a smart app and relies on
artificial intelligence to regulate air temperature.
Metaura Pro is driven by a powerful motor and its cooling modules are made up of 26 lightweight flat
objects that wrap around the wearer’s neck and help to reduce heat. The motor is linked to a high-speed fan at the
back of the device which also drives away some of that warm air around the neck. The device also has a VC plate,
which has a liquid-cooled, heat-equalizing mechanism, efficiently creating a temperature differential between hot
and cold temperatures.
“What sets Metaura Pro apart from the competition is that it produces genuinely cold air lower than the
surrounding temperature, refreshing you during those dog days of summer,” the Metaura Pro Kickstarter
crowdfunding page reads.
Metaura Pro not only supplies a cooling function, but also has the capacity for heating as well in winter, it
can be used to warm your body to a comfortable temperature, when the surrounding air feels cold.
The device intelligently monitors itself, so when you take it off, it recognizes that it is no longer in use and
will automatically shut off and switch to standby mode to save power consumption. Metaura Pro wearable collar is
powered by a chargeable battery that can provide only 3 hours of cooling on a single charge. The device weighs
435 grams, which is not heavy, but definitely noticeable.
5．How does Metaura Pro manage to keep people cool
A．By dropping the body temperature.
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B．By circulating the surrounding air.
C．By producing lower-temperature air.
D．By blowing the strong wind around.
6．What is mainly discussed about Metaura Pro in paragraph 3
A．Its internal structure. B．Its operating costs.
C．Its amazing function. D．Its working principle.
7．What may be the disadvantage of the device
A．It puts limitation on cooling function.
B．It switches to different modes by hand.
C．It possesses a relatively short battery life.
D．It depends much on outdoor temperatures.
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A．A double-mode smart phone app
B．A cooling air-conditioning system
C．A rechargeable battery for e-products
D．A wearable temperature-adjusting device
Passage（8）
【福建省泉州市四校联考 2024-2025 学年高三下学期开学】The birth of a male white-tailed eagle signals
the success of the Roy Dennis Wildlife Foundation (RDWF) and Forestry England project to return these iconic
birds to their original widespread locations along the southern coast of England. The last time a white-tailed eagle
chick grew in England, Mozart was working on his opera Idomeneo in Germany
For two centuries these amazing birds were missing from most of the UK, having been wiped out by human
persecution by the early 20th century.
In 2020, the parents of the landmark bird were translocated from the Outer Hebrides and north-west
Sutherland in Scotland to the Isle of Wight. This is an area with plentiful food to sustain them. It is also a location
from which the birds could spread out to cliffs, lakes and forests.
Female G405 and male G471 were two of 25 eagles (16 are still alive) released by the RDWF and Forestry
England as part of the ongoing project. And they are one of three pairs to have now established breeding territories
in the south of England.
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The chick hatched earlier this summer at a nest on private land, the exact location of which is being kept a
secret to ensure the welfare of the young bird.
“This is a very special moment for everyone who has worked on, supported and followed this
ground-breaking project,” Roy Dennis says, founder of the RDWF. “Restoring a breeding population in southern
England, where the species was once widespread, has been our ultimate goal. Seeing the first pair reach this stage is
truly incredible.”
The young white-tailed eagle has now been ringed and fitted with a satellite tag (标签) so that its progress
can be tracked. A further release of young white-tailed eagles is planned for late summer from the project team’s
base on the Isle of Wight.
8．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Mozart in paragraph 1
A．To admire the musician’s great works.
B．To celebrate the birth of the white-tailed eagle.
C．To compare the situations of England and Germany.
D．To emphasize white-tailed eagles’ centuries-long absence.
9．Which word can replace the underlined word “persecution” in paragraph 2
A．Hunt. B．Exploration. C．Disturbance. D．Training.
10．Why is the accurate position of the chick kept secret
A．For privacy. B．For safety. C．For territory. D．For support.
11．Which may be a suitable title for the text
A．A Splendid Bird B．A Successful Wildlife Project
C．Milestone for White-tailed Eagles D．Restoring a Breeding Population
二、语法填空
Passage（1）
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【2025 届贵州新高考高端精品模拟信息卷】British Museum is a comprehensive national museum with 1
(particular) outstanding holdings. The museum was originally based on three collections: those of Sir Hans Sloane,
Robert Harley and Sir Robert Cotton. The collections, also including a 2 (significance) number of
manuscripts, were housed in Montagu House and were opened to the public in 1759. The museum’s present
building, 3 (design) in the Greek Revival style, was built on the site of Montagu House in the period
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1823 - 1852. Its famous round Reading Room was built in the 1850s. In 1881, the original natural history
collections 4 (move) to a new building in South Kensington to form the Natural History Museum, and in
1973 the British Museum’s library was joined with a number of other holdings 5 (create) the British
Library. About half the national library’s holdings were kept at the museum until 6 new library building
was opened in 1997.
After the books were removed, the interior of the Reading Room was restored to its original appearance.
looking unchanged. Also restored in time for the 250th anniversary of the museum’s 7 (establish) was
the King’s Library. It now 8 (house) a permanent exhibition on the Age of Enlightenment.
Among the British Museum’s most famous holdings are the Elgin Marbles, 9 were removed in
the early 19th century from Athens. Other objects in the collection include Greek sculptures, the Rosetta Stone,
relies 10 the palace and temples, the so-called Portland Vase, etc.
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Passage（2）
【2025 届山西省孝义市高三下学期 2 月模拟】For the Chinese people, one of the remarkable cultural events
staying in their memories is probably the“24 Solar Terms” 11 (recognize) as a World Intangible Cultural
Heritage.
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Start of Winter (立冬), the 19th
solar term of the year, begins this year on Nov 7 and ends on Nov 21. Start of Winter is the first solar term of winter,
12 means winter is coming and crops harvested in autumn should 13 (store) up. However, with the
vast territory of China, winter of every area doesn’t begin at the same time.
A legend has it that at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD25—220), “Medical Saint” Zhang Zhongjing
saved many people 14 a typhoid (伤寒的) epidemic around Start of Winter. The 15 (solve)
was to drink more hot soup. He cooked mutton and herbs 16 (resist) the cold and increase body heat. He
wrapped these ingredients into a dough skin and made 17 (they) into an ear shape. Since then, people
18 (learn) to make the food - “dumpling”. Today there is still a saying that goes “Eat dumplings on Start of
Winter Day, 19 your ears will be frostbitten”.
In Southeast China in places such as Fujian, Guangdong and Taiwan provinces, people there like to eat
high-calorie food such as chicken, duck, beef, mutton, and fish, to enhance the 20 (effect)
nourishment. Even the 24 Solar Terms are already part of the life, there is still a long way to go in order to protect
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the cultural heritage from fading away.
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Passage（3）
【2025 届江苏省南通市如皋市高三下上学期适应性考试（一）】UNESCO has recently added the “Spring
Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional New Year” to its Representative List
of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity, This inclusion 21 (represent) a deeper
acknowledgment of the richness and liveliness of the Chinese culture. It also provides an opportunity for people
around the world 22 (learn) about and appreciate Chinese traditions. And it is a reminder
23 while we may have different ways of celebrating, the underlying values of love, hope, and connection
are 24 (universal) shared.
The Spring Festival 25 (celebrate) for over 4,000 years and is the most important
traditional festival in China. It begins on the eve of the Lunar New Year and lasts for 15 days 26
(conclude) with the Lantern Festival. For many, it is a time to return to their hometowns, reunite with loved ones,
27 honor ancestors, a practice deeply 28 (root) in Confucian values.
29 its ancient origins, the Spring Festival remains deeply relevant in modern times. It has
evolved to incorporate contemporary elements, such as digital red envelopes and online greetings, while retaining
its core values. For many younger 30 (generate), it serves as a bridge to their cultural heritage,
offering a sense of continuity and identity in an ever-changing world.
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Passage（4）
【2025届河南省南阳完全学校高三第二次调研考试联考】Self-driving cars, also known as autonomous vehicles,
have been a topic of interest and 31 (argue) for several years. The idea of vehicles that can operate 32
human control is promising. It can make transportation efficient and convenient. And as technology continues to
advance rapidly, the widespread use of self-driving cars seems increasingly popular and 33 (avoidable).
In a future impacted by climate change and ecosystem protection, the role of self-driving cars 34
(become) vital in their environmental and social benefits and thus can increase energy efficiency, ease traffic jams,
and promote shared mobility. 35 (enable) the change to electric and renewable-powered vehicles,
self-driving cars also help encourage the efficient use of infrastructure (基础设施). However, some challenges must
be addressed 36 (ensure) safety. One of the primary 37 (concern) is regulation (管理), as current
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traffic laws and policies may not be equipped to handle various problems closely 38 (relate) to autonomous
vehicles. Governments and regulatory bodies will need to establish clear guidelines and safety standards 39
are essential to manage the operation of self-driving cars on roads.
In conclusion, the future of self-driving cars presents 40 mix of opportunities and challenges that
will shape our societies, economies, and environments. We should develop the strengths of this technology while
reducing its risks.
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Passage（5）
【2025 届山东省菏泽市高考一模】On January 28, 2025, a special performance called YangBOT amazed
audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s most-watched TV show.
In the performance, humanoid robots 41 (dress) in colorful costumes danced yangko, a joyful folk
dance from northern China often seen during festivals. These robotics, which 42 (design) specially for this
show by Unitree, a Chinese company, spun 43 (handkerchief) instantly and formed creative group patterns.
This was not the first success for Unitree - in 2021, their robot cows named “Ben Ben” danced as backup for singer
Andy Lau.
The robots learned dance moves through AI to move 44 (safe) on the uneven stage. Their strong
joints helped to balance 45 (they) perfectly during fast steps. This dance wasn’t just fun but it showed
46 technology could bring to traditions.
Thanks to the 47 (innovate), the robots won the hearts of millions. Young viewers called it “cool”,
48 older audiences loved its humor and festive spirit.
The YangBOT program is a perfect mix 49 China’s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said,
“It’s like 50 (watch) the future and past dance together!”
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Passage（6）
【2025届湖北省黄冈市黄梅县育才高级中学高三核心模拟卷（二）】At 8:12 on November 10, 2020, Fendouzhe,
China's latest and 51 (three) deep sea manned vessel (潜水器) successfully landed on the bottom of the
Mariana Trench 52 (set) a new record of 10,909-meter manned deep diving.
During 53 deep sea scientific exploration, Fendouzhe will bring back precious video data, mineral
and biological 54 (sample) for further scientific research on the Mariana Trench.
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Fendouzhe, 55 inner space is the largest of its kind in the world, can accommodate three researchers
at the same time. A new type of material independently 56 (development) by China ensures that the vessel
is capable of resisting high pressure on the deepest seabed. Due 57 the improved communicating system,
Fendouzhe can send real-time texts, voices and images from the 10,000-meter-deep seabed to the mother ship on
the sea surface. Fendouzhe can work undersea 58 (continuous) for about 10 hours due to the key technical
breakthrough in battery materials.
In the 1960s, China put forward the dream of "exploring the moon in space and discovening the mysteries of
oceans". But until the 1990s, China's diving 59 (deep) remained at 600 meters, while MIRs (Russia's
deep-sea manned vessel) had reached-6,000 meters. Since-2005, Chinese researchers 60 (make) constant
breakthroughs with its three deep-sea manned vessels Jiaolong, Haidou and Fendouzhe.
语法填空
Passage（7）
【2025 届福建省仙游第一中学高三第二次模拟考试】Hydrogen Energy: Powering the Beijing Winter
Olympics
The Beijing Winter Olympics was 61 remarkable event, not only for its outstanding sports
competitions 62 also for its innovative use of clean energy. Recognizing the urgency of environmental
63 (protect) and the need to reduce carbon 64 (emission), the Chinese government made a bold move
by utilizing hydrogen energy to power the Olympics.
Hydrogen, 65 a clean and renewable energy source, produces only water when it is consumed,
leaving no harmful pollutants or greenhouse gas emissions behind. During the Olympics, hydrogen-powered
vehicles were 66 (wide) used for transportation, shuttling athletes, officials, and spectators smoothly.
Moreover, some venues adopted hydrogen-based heating and power-generation systems, 67 (ensure) a
stable energy supply while minimizing the environmental impact.
This initiative not only demonstrated China’s commitment 68 a green Olympics but also set a global
example for large-scale clean-energy applications. It 69 (show) the world that hydrogen energy has great
potential in various fields, and with 70 (continue) technological advancements, it could play a significant
role in the future energy mix, contributing to a more sustainable world.
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Passage（8）
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【2025 届西北四省（山西、陕西、青海、宁夏）高三下学期第一次联考】Though far apart in distance
and culture, China and Ireland share surprising bonds, both famous for strong communities abroad and their shared
enthusiasm 71 food, drink, and the arts. Among these, music stands out as a unique bond, with Irish music
72 (hold) a particular appeal in China.
Part of this cultural link is Li Yan, 73 65-year-old Beijing native who now lives in London. Playing
the bodhran, a traditional Irish drum, in music gatherings that unite musicians, he has become a vital part of the
Irish music scene. Originally a poet, Li, 74 (draw) to the storytelling and rhythms of Irish music, even
astonishes audiences by singing Gaelic songs in Chinese.
The 75 (connect) between Irish and Chinese music is long-standing. In the 1980s, The Chieftains, a
celebrated Irish group, 76 (perform) in China, introducing millions to Irish music. Their collaboration with
Chinese musicians symbolized the harmony of both cultures. Equally 77 (remark) is Riverdance, a
world-famous Irish dance show, which brought Irish culture to China.
It is Irish music’s shared traditions with China, such as drumming and poetry, 78 strongly appeal to
people. “Music is borderless,” says Li, 79 journey illustrates that art has the power 80 (bond)
people from different worlds together.
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Passage（9）
【2025 届广东省顺德区普通高中高三教学质量检测二】As The Timer’s classical music reporter, I don’t often
get “news”from long-dead composers. But I recently learned that an unknown waltz by the eminent composer
Chopin, 81 (write) nearly 200 years ago, had been discovered in the basement of the Morgan Library
& Museum in New York. It 82 (find) in a collection of memorabilia (收藏品), alongside postcards
signed by Picasso and letters from Tchaikovsky. The piece was 83 (mood) and reflective, and 84
noticeable name was on the top: Chopin.
Such kind of works are rare in classical music, especially for Chopin, 85 composed fewer works
than other composers. We knew that readers would want to hear the waltz, but we needed a 86 (music)
who could do it justice. I immediately thought of Lang Lang, one of the biggest stars in classical music. I told him
about the 87 (new) discovered Chopin and sent him the score.
“Wow. this is a great piece!” he said in a voice message. “I’m very surprised. It’s very Chopin. It must be
Chopin. It sounds very much like Chopin, with a very dramatic darkness turning into a positive thing It’s beautiful.”
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While Lang was in New York, I met up with him 88 (record) the waltz. He adjusted his
interpretation after each take, 89 (change) the tempo and refining the quiet opening notes.
Sitting near the piano, I asked him 90 people should care about this waltz, 175 years after
Chopin’s death. “This level of music making-it always touches us the deepest,” he said. “To have a new work by
this level of great artist — we’re just so lucky. Just enjoy it.”
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Passage（10）
【2025 届广东省梅州市高三下学期 2 月质检测试】The festival, born in China, has become a global
cultural event, 91 (bring) joy to people around the world. Some rough estimates suggest that the festival
is a public holiday in almost 20 countries and 92 (celebrate) in various ways by about one-fifth of
humanity.
In recent years, 93 “Spring Festival fever” has been heating up overseas. Every Spring Festival,
dignitaries from various countries send greetings 94 the Chinese people.
Since 2010, splendid events such as traditional dragon and lion dances, Chinese New Year painting,
dumpling making, and temple fairs 95 (host) globally, allowing people of different nationalities and
96 (culture) backgrounds to experience traditional Chinese culture immersivity and have a great time.
The Spring Festival is a window for the world 97 (perceive) China. For Chinese people both at
home and abroad, no matter 98 they are or how far they have traveled, going home for the Chinese New
Year is a tradition always cherished.
As times change, Chinese people have found more ways to celebrate the Chinese New Year. Digital red
envelopes have become a new celebratory element, and many 99 (family) are spending the festival on
trips. Regardless of the changing forms, what 100 (remain) unchanged is the deep-rooted family
culture in the Chinese people.
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