2025年牛津译林版中考英语一轮复习 讲义九年级下册（无答案）
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初三英语一轮复习讲义9B
9B Unit 1 Asia
一、词汇拓展
1.tiring（adj）使人疲劳的，累人的→ _________ (adj) 疲倦的，困倦的
2.step n. →_______ (v.) 踏，踩，走 → _________ (过去式)
3. raising n. →_______ (vt.) → _________ (过去式)
rise(vi)→ _________ (过去式) → _________ (过去式)
4. hang v.垂下；悬挂 → _________ (过去式) → _________ (过去分词)
hang v.绞死 → _________ (过去式) → _________ (过去分词)
5. Indian(adj.) 印度（人）的→ _________ (n.)印度→ _________ (n.)印度人
二、核心考点聚焦
A.单词、词组
1.Wake me up on your way back.
wake – wakes – waking – woke – waken (adj.) awake
wake up your sister = wake your sister up
若宾语是代词，则只能放在动词和副词的中间 wake me/you/him/her/them … up
类似短语：cut down look up move away put on put up put away
ring up take off try on pick up set up clean up
2.It was turned into a museum in 1925. 它在1925年被改成了一个博物馆。
①v. turn down 调低；拒绝 turn up 调高
turn on 打开 turn off 关掉
turn out 结果是…；出席；在场 turn to 转向；翻到(书的某一页)；向某人求救
turn left / right 左转/右转 turn red 变红
turn back 这回 turn around / round 转身；翻转
②n. wait for yourHYPERLINK "http://www.21cnjy.com/" turn 等轮到你 take turns to do sth. 按顺序轮流(做某事)
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
e.g. As a famous cook, he can _______ these things _______ some delicious dishes quickly.
He ______________ his head as he heard someone calling him.
3.raise (vt.) – raises – raising – raised – raised 举起；提高；升起；募集；饲养
rise (vi.) – rises – rising – rose – risen 上升，升起；起身，起立；上涨
e.g.The teacher said the sun __________ in the east.
He __________ his hands and asked a question.
The price of the house __________ recently.
4. It lies on the two sides of the Lijiang River.
lie – lies – lying – lay – lain 位于；躺，平放
lie – lies – lying – lied – lied 说谎 (n.) 谎言
lay – lays – laying – laid – laid下蛋；放置，安放
e.g. China __________ in the east of Asia.
I found a letter __________ (lie) on the floor when I came into the classroom.
When she came home several days later, she found that all things still ________ where she had ________ them.
5.take up
①占用（时间），占据（空间）
It _____________a whole week to write the article. 写这篇文章花了整整一个星期。
The table _______________ too much space. 这张桌子太占地方了。
② 开始（工作，产生兴趣等，尤其指做以前从未做过的事，或作为消遣的方式）
He took up Spanish while in Spain. 当他在西班牙的时候，他开始学习西班牙语。
与take有关的词组：
take notice of 关注 take off (飞机)起飞；脱下；动身 take a look 看一下
take a walk 散步 take away 带走，拿走，取走 take action 采取行动
take care of 照顾；抚养 take … to … 带…去… take photos 照相，拍照
take over 接受；接管 take notes 做笔记；记录 take a break 休息一会儿
take down 记下；拆卸 take place 发生；进行 take on new challenges 接受新挑战
6.The second largest population in the world
①population常与定冠词the连用，作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
The world’sHYPERLINK "http://www.21cnjy.com/" population _______ increasing faster and faster.
②当主语是表示 “人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。
About seventy percent of the population in China ________ farmers.
③有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。
China has a population of about 1.3 billion. = There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.中国大约有十三亿人口。
④表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用much或little，而要用large或small。
India has a large population.
Singapore has a small population.
⑤询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用How much，而用How large；在问具体人口时用What。
e.g. How ________ is the population of your hometown
__________ is the population of Canada
B.重点句型
1. The Great Wall is amazing, isn’t it 反义疑问句，常用来征求对方的看法。由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
There __________ (be) several movies tomorrow, are there
I don’t think he will come, _________ he
3.find it +adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事是.....的，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。
I find it difficult ____________ (answer) this question.
Enough preparation makes ________ easier for us to do everything better.
C.语法学习
一、it作人称代词
1. 指代事物。it 可以指代动物或无生命的事物。如： Look at the panda. It is so small.
2. 指代人。主要用于指婴儿或未知的人。如：
My aunt will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl.
it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything等。
如： –What’s this / that –It’s an orange.
二、it作非人称代词
1．it用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、环境等。如：
It is raining heavily outside. It is two kilometers from my school to my home.
2．it指代前面提到过的或谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。
–Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me –Sure. ___________
A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want
3．it组成的惯用语
take it easy 别紧张，放松点 believe it or not 信不信由你 forget it 算了吧 manage it 设法做成某事 that’s it 这就对了，就这样 make it 做到，成功
Don’t mention it. 不用谢 It’s up to you. 由你决定
三、it作形式主语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。常用结构:
It is +adj+of/for+to……. It takes …..some time to….. It is said/reported/…….that……
四、it作形式宾语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作句子的宾语时，通常把它们放在句末，用it作句子的形式宾语。
常用结构…….thinks/finds/believes/makes/considers ......... it easy/difficult/…..to……..
e.g. Wearing red can also make it easier to take action.
练习：
( )1.The doctor thought ______ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
( )2. He feels _______ his duty to protect the environment.
A. one B. it C. this D.that
( )3.－Who was calling you on the phone just now －___________ was my cousin.
A. She B.He C. It D. You
三、读写能力提升
语篇复习（reading）
What’s the structure of “Welcome to Beijing”
What’s the meaning of the sentence ‘East or west, Guilin landscape is best.’
What’s the purpose of the article
长难句分析
1.It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China, with watchtowers every few hundred metres.
该句中的with复合结构，在句中常作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、伴随、方式等，可位于句首或句尾。
如：随着现代医学的发展，越来越多的疾病可以被治愈。
___________________________________, more and more disease __________________.
它里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术瑰宝，非常值得一游。
With________________________, it is well worth___________________.
2.In this underground cave, it is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes --some hang down, and others point upwards.
该句it is amazing that 引导主语从句，表示从句所叙述的事情是令人惊讶的。It 是形式主语，that 从句是真正的主语。句中some......and others 为常用表达方式，意为“一些...另一些...”
如：他在学习上取得如此大的进步真是令人惊讶。
It is amazing that he has made __________________ in ___________.
这些野生动物不害怕人类真是太令人惊讶了。
It is amazing that these wild animals _________________________________.
B. 书面表达
假期的时候，很多同学喜欢旅游。请你以My favourite city为题写一篇100词左右的英语演讲稿，并谈谈你对旅游的看法。
1. Which city is your favourite？
2. Why do you like it
3. What’s your idea about travelling
写作指导：
题干解读--本文是一篇材料作文。要求写最爱的城市，及对旅行的看法。9B 第一单元介绍了北京，桂林，日本，新加坡及泰国，这些都是可以借鉴的写作对象。结合提示内容进行写作，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时，也可用一般过去时写旅行经历。文章可分为四段。第一段引出你最爱的城市；第二段写你喜欢它的原因（简介景点和当地的人文风情）；第三段写你对旅行的看法（旅行带给你的好处），可用firstly,secondly,thirdly等顺序词阐明观点；第四段总结全文、发出倡议。写作时注意段与段之间的衔接，并用适当的过渡词，保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
范文赏析：
Hello, everyone! I’m very happy to be here to share my travelling experiences with you. Every summer holiday, I go travelling with my parents. I like travelling very much. Beijing is my favourite city.
It is a city with a long history. There are many places of interest in it. Such as the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Great Wall, Tian’anmen Square and so on. I can experience their beauty and greatness. In addition, Beijing people are very friendly and forthright(豪爽的).
In my opinion, it’s meaningful to go travelling. Firstly, I will have lots of fun things to do and see during the trip. Just imagine that I am walking in the beautiful mountains, enjoying the fresh air and listening to the birds singing. It’s amazing, isn’t it Secondly, I may probably meet people from different places and make friends with them, which makes my trip a more pleasant one.
Everybody, let’s go out to feel the beauty of nature. I’m sure you will love travelling soon. That’s all.Thank you!
9B Unit 2 Great people
一、词汇拓展
invent v. →_______ (n.)发明者 →_______ (n.)发明
2. Italy n.- →_______ (n./adj) Europe n.→_______ (n/adj.) Australia n. →_______ (n/adj) Germany n.→_______ (n/adj) France n.→_______ (法语)→_______ (adj)→_______ (n)法国人
3.control n. →_______ (v) →_______ (现在分词)→_______ (过去式) →_______ (过去分词)
4.development n. →_______ (v) →_______ (adj.)发达的→_______ (adj.) 发展中的
5. hunger n. _______ (adj) → _______ (比较级)
核心考点聚焦
单词、词组
1.①fighter n. 斗士,战斗者,战斗机 a fighter for the rights of black Africans
②fight v. 打架，为…而战 fight-fought-fought
fight for freedom 为自由而战 fight against 与----斗争
③ n. 打架 have a fight with sb 与某人打了一架
e.g. What great difficulty Chinese people had fighting ________(对抗) Japanese soldiers seventy years ago.
Mandela ________ for the rights of black Africans all his life. He is considered as a great ________(fight)
2.①serve vi/ vt. 服役，服务，招待 serve the people/the country/the public/the navy
serve me food and drink serve as a pilot 担任飞行员
②service n. 服务 be in service = be in use
e.g. The railway station has been in for 5 years.
The restaurant offered a good ___________.
3.order
① n. 命令，指挥，要求, 顺序, 菜单
receive the order to cut the flight short 收到缩短航程的命令
appear in a fixed order/keep sth in order/out of order
cancel your order (订单）/ May I have your order
② v. 订购，命令
order sth online 在网上订购--- order sb. (not) to do sth. 命令某人（不）做某事
e.g.The boss ___________all the workers to work extra hours last night.
4.① pride n. 骄傲，可引以为豪的人（或物）
He’s the pride of the whole world 他是全世界的骄傲
②proud adj. be proud of … = take pride in … 以…而自豪
e.g.The boy who won the drawing competition is the ________ of his class.
Chinese are ___________ of Yuan longping.
5.The whole world was waiting to greet him. adj.
e.g. All his family ____________ (have) dinner when I came in.
His whole family ____________ (have) dinner when I came in.
6.①vi. 增长 increase by + 数字 表示具体数量增加 increase in 表示在某方面增加
increase to …….增加到…….. increase with… 随……增长
e.g. The world population ________________ (increase) faster and faster.
The population of our town ________________(increase) to 300000 recently.
② vt. 增加 increase rice production 增加水稻产量
重点句型：
动词不定式做后置定语
Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon / that walked on the moon.
I need a a piece of paper ___________ (write) on.
There is nothing _________ (worry) about.
2.长＋when＋短，一个短动作发生的时候，另一个长动作正在进行
When Apollo 11 returned, the whole world was waiting to greet him.
He _________________ (smile) when his teacher __________ (come) in.
I __________________(think) about it when I ________(hear) my name called.
语法学习：
1. 一般现在时和现在进行时
(1) 一般现在时表示现在的状态；现在进行时表示正在发生的动作或状态。
eg. 我的堂妹喜欢集邮。 My cousin likes collecting stamps.
我们现在正在上一节英语课。 We are having an English lesson now.
(2)与一般现在时连用的表示频度的状语有：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, on Sunday, every day, every year, once a month, threetimes a year等。
与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：at the moment, now, right now等。另外，动词如look, listen用于句首，以唤起对方注意时，也常与现在进行时连用。
(3)一般现在时表示按照时间表或计划表所做的事情；而现在进行时表示即将发生的动作或安排。
eg. 火车下午两点钟离开。 The train leaves at 2 p.m.
放学后我要去见些老朋友。 I am meeting some old friends after school.
一般过去时和过去进行时
(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态；过去进行时强调过去某个时刻发生的动作。
eg. 昨天他丢失了自行车。 He lost his bike yesterday.
昨天下午2点时我正在看一本小说。 I was reading a novel at 2 p.m. yesterday.
(2)一般过去时可以表示过去发生的一系列连续的动作；而过去进行时表示过去同一时间里同时发生的动作。
eg. 他吃完晚饭，然后做作业。 He had dinner and then did his homework.
当她的妈妈在打电话的时候，她在画画。
She was drawing while her mother was talking on the phone.
(3)过去进行时还可以表示过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态。
eg. 前天整个下午他们都在放风筝。
They were flying kites the whole afternoon the day before yesterday.
(4)与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last year, two months ago等。 与过去进行时连用的时间状语: at this time yesterday, from…to…, last night等。
一般过去时和现在完成时
(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态；现在完成时强调过去动作所产生的结果或影响。
eg. 他很晚才回家。He came back home late.
他已经买了两辆车。 He has already bought two cars.
(2)一般过去时表示过去某个时间点发生的动作；而现在完成时表示过去某个动作直到现在已经发生了多少次。
eg. 他两年前来过这里。 He came here two years ago.
他已经来过这里很多次了。 He has come here many times.
(3)现在完成时中几个副词的用法：just意为“刚刚”，表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间；ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，；never“从来没有”，常与before连用，before意为“以前”，总是放在句末。
(4) since与表示时间点的时间状语连用；for与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
eg. 我来这里已经有两周了。 It has been two weeks since I came here.
我来这里已经有两周了。 I have been here for two weeks.
注意：现在完成时与一段时间连用时，要把非延续性动词改为延续性动词，如：
buy → have close → be closed (adj.)
come → be here finish/end → be over
begin/start → be on go → be there
die → be dead (adj.) borrow → keep
open → be open (adj)
练习：
－Have you had your lunch yet －Yes, Father __________(cook) it for me.
－_______(be) you busy yesterday
－Yes. I _____________(prepare) for the exam when you ________(call) me.
－Why are you so worried
－I’m expecting a call from my daughter.She _____________ (be) in New York for three years.
三、读写能力提升
A. 语篇复习（reading）
1. What did Armstrong do when the spacecraft was out of control during his first trip into space
2. What did Armstrong mean by his famous words “One small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind”
3.What’s the purpose of the article
长难句分析
Together with Buzz Aldrin, he landed the spacecraft Apollo 11 on the Moon.
A 和B一起做某事，当“和”是as well as/including/except/but/besides/along with 等，谓语动词用单数
如：He together with his children_______ (be) invited to the party.
Because of his excellent service, Neil Armstrong was presented with the Medal of freedom, the highest award that a US citizen can receive.该句是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词award. 定语从句中，如果先行词前由序数词或最高级修饰，关系代词用that.
如：They are talking about the greatest inventions ________ have made a big difference to our daily life.
B.书面表达
每个人都有自己崇拜的偶像( idol )，原因也各不相同。请根据下表内容，结合你自己的看法,以“Who is the idol in my heart”为题，写一篇90词左右的英语作文。
明星 光鲜亮丽，能歌善舞，时尚多金
科学家 严谨治学，知识渊博，卓越贡献
医生 抗疫先锋，治病救人，无私奉献
…… ……
写作指导：
题干解读——本文是一篇材料作文。要求写自己心中的偶像，9B 第二单元有 Neil Armstrong, Marie Curie, Yuan Longping, 9A 里的Spud Webb, Yao Ming, Anne Frank, Tan Dun，Audrey Hepburn, Jackie Chen都是可以借鉴的写作对象，也可以写你自己的偶像，甚至也可以写自己身边的普通人，如爸爸、妈妈等。
写作时要以第三人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时,写偶像曾经的经历用过去时。根据提示，可把文章分为明星、科学家、医生及我的偶像四段。每段围绕who is your idol Why do you admire him/her 展开，写作时注意段与段之间的衔接，并用适当的过渡词。
范文赏析：
Who is the idol in my heart？
Everyone has an idol in his heart. Different people have different reasons for it. Some people admire actors or singers, because they are young, good-looking and dress fashionably. In addition, they can sing, dance or act well. They earn a lot of money so easily that many teenagers admire them very much.
Some people admire scientists, because they have rich knowledge. They are experienced in their own field. They make contributions to our country's science and technology.
Others think doctors are their idols, because they protect our health or lives. Some of them even lost their lives. For example, when the novel corona virus broke out in Wuhan, a lot of doctors gave up their own family and did what they could to save the patients when they were needed.
In my opinion, I think my idol is Yuan Longping , because he spent all his life on the research and development of better rice plants. He has solved the problem of hunger for many people. That’s why I admire him most.
9B Unit3 Robots
一、词汇拓展
smoothly (adv.) → ________________(比较级) → ________________(最高级)
→_____________(adj.)_____________(比较级) → ____________(最高级)
satisfy(vt.) →___________(三单) →___________(过去式) →________ (过去分词)
→____________(adj.)→____________(比较级) → ___________(最高级)
lay(vt.)→______(三单) →________(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→______ (现在分词)
spread(vt./vi.)→__________(三单) →_________(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→______ (现在分词)→__________(n.)
regret(vt./vi.)→_________(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→______ (现在分词)
6. product (n.) →__________(复数) produce→______(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→_____ (现在分词)→_____________(n. 产量) →____________(n.生产者、制造商)
核心考点聚焦
A.单词、词组
whatever
e.g. Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是对的。
whatever 作代词，意为“任何，一切事物”，既可以引导主语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。引导主语从句时，谓语动词要用单数形式；引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what。
Whatever he does has nothing to do with me.
“no matter＋特殊疑问词”＝“特殊疑问词＋后缀 ever”
由“疑问词+ ever”构成的词还有：whenever(无论何时)，wherever(无论在哪)，whoever(无论谁)，however(无论如何)。
e.g. Wherever you go, please don’t forget me.
Whenever you have time, you are sure to do more reading.
(1). Tourists can do ________ they like when they have time.
whoever B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever
(2). ________ I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
order
v. 订购 order sth. from 从...订购某物
They ordered some books from the bookstore. 他们从书店里订购了一些书。
order sb. sth.= order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物(order加双宾语结构只可以转换成for的短语)
v. 命令 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
The officer ordered his soldiers to go to bed at once.军官命令他的士兵们马上去睡觉。
v. 点...(酒，菜等)
The girl ordered herself a cup of coffee. 这个女孩给自己点了一杯咖啡。
in order to/in order that…意为“____________”，常位于句首或句中。
In order to catch the first bus, I’ll get up early tomorrow morning.
＝I’ll get up early tomorrow morning in order that I can catch the first bus.
为了赶上首班公共汽车，我明天早上要早起。
注意：in order to+动词原形 in order that+从句
(5) n. 顺序，次序；条理；命令；订单
keep...in (good) order 把...收拾的井井有条；使...有序
The girl is well-organized. She often keeps her things in good order.
这个女孩很有条理，经常把她的东西收 拾的干干净净。
We have placed an order for 500 copies of books.
我们已经下了一个500册书的订单。
(1). --I don’t want to cook today. --Let’s _______ a pizza from the restaurant.
order B. book C. give D. ask
You must clean your room ________ keep it as good as new.
A.in order that B. in order to C. enough to D. so that
smoothly
adv. 平整地；顺利地，smoothly的比较级为more smoothly，最高级为most smoothly
She ironed the coat smoothly.她把外套晕得很平整。
I stopped my car smoothly.我顺利地停好车。
adj. smooth 光滑的；平静的
The silk blouse feels very smooth.这件丝绸衬衫摸起来很光滑。
(1).When Mr. Jiang got up in the morning, his suit was ironed ___________ (smooth)by the robot.
(2). To make the machine run ____________ (smooth), you need to check it regularly.
satisfy
v. 满足；使...满意，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为satisfied, satisfied, satisfying
satisfy one’s need 满足...的需求
Parents always try to satisfy their children’s need.父母总是尽量满足孩子们的需求。
adj. satisfied 满意的；满足的
【固定搭配】
be satisfied with= be pleased with=be happy with 对...感到满意
My parents are satisfied with my grades.我的父母对我的分数感到满意。
be satisfied that+从句 满意...
I am satisfied that you can come to my birthday party.我很满意你能来参加我的生日聚会。
(1).---The school network will be shut down for safety reasons.
---That doesn't ________ me at all. I'm not a net-worm, anyway.
A. satisfy B. surprise C. worry D. include
(2).You cannot make the baby stop crying only by ____________ (satisfy) all his requirements.
mess
n. [C] usually singular 脏乱; 不整洁 (untidy)
e.g. a room is in a mess 房间杂乱不堪
The kids made a mess in the room. 孩子们把房间弄得一团乱。
[C] usually singular 麻烦, 困境, 混乱 (a situation that is full of problems)
e.g. The whole situation is in a mess. 整个情况都是一团糟。
(1).--- Ouch, the spilt milk has made a terrible ____________ (乱七八糟) on the carpet.
(2). --- Could you clean up the living room and take out the rubbish, Andrew
--- Of course! Seeing this ________, Mom will be mad, I think.
difficulty B. matter C. mess D. wonder
lay (laid; laid)
vt. 放置, 安放; 铺, 铺设; 摊开; 摆放餐具;
e.g. She laid the baby down gently on the bed. 她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。
vi.&vt.下蛋
e.g. The bird lays its eggs in the nest. 这只鸟在巢中下蛋。
【词义辨析】
词条 词性及含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lay (laying) vt.放，搁 laid laid laying
vi.& vt.下(蛋)，产(卵)
lie (lying) vi.躺；位于 lay lain lying
vi.说谎 lied lied lying
(1). As soon as news about the death of Li Wenliang came, a number of people went to the hospital he worked and ___________(lay) some flowers in front of it.
(2). James __________ (lay) his hand on my shoulder and I put mine around his at the same time.
spread (spread spread)
vt. 展开, 摊开, 打开, 伸开
e.g. Papers are spread out in the desk. 文件都摊在桌子上。
vi./vt. 传播, 散播;
e.g. The disease spread easily. 这种疾病很容易传播。
n. 传播 the spread of prevent the spread of disease防止疾病的传播
(1). --- I'm afraid Novel COVID-19(新冠病毒)__________ (spread)for a long time.
--- That's why we still have to wear face masks to protect ourselves.
(2). The flag was ____________ (spread) out in the wind.
through
（1）adv. (电话)接通
【固定搭配】put sb. through to sb. 给...接通（电话）
（2）prep. 穿过（门、通道、孔洞等/经过某一地区）
walk through the forest 穿过森林
I could see her through the window. 我透过窗户看到了她。
（3）prep. 经过（全部过程或经历）
look through it 浏览它 read it through 通读它 go through 经历
（4）prep. 凭借 learn sth. through the Internet 通过英特网学...
（5）在整个期间，自始至终（时间）through the spring. 整个春天。
(1). If the customer rings me up again, please ________ the call to sales department.
A. run through B. look through C. go through D. put through
(2). China has built a new Great Green Wall _______ the northern part of the country.
A. among B. across C. through D. between
10. regret
regret v. “后悔；遗憾”其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为________，________，________。
【固定搭配】
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 eg: I regret saying what I said.
regret that… 后悔…… eg: She regretted that she had missed the bus. 她后悔没赶上汽车。
(1). They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted ________ them.
A. to be not able to help B. being not able to help
C. not being able to help D. not be able to help
(2). It’s already the third time that Mr. White ____________ (regret) taking a coach back home.
11. all的短语
that’s all right没关系；不客气，不用谢（既可回答道歉，也可回答感谢）
not at all一点也不；别客气（常用于回答感谢）
all right好的，好吧 in all总共，总计 all in all总而言之
after all毕竟 first of all首先 above all首要的是
(1). --- I’m sorry to have you wait here for a long time. --- ________.
A. That’s all right B. My pleasure
C. Please don’t say so D. Don’t mention it
(2). Why isn’t he allowed to stay here ________, it’s his home.
A. As a result B. In a word C. After all D. In general
(3). There is no need to push the kids too hard. ________, you hate to see them stressed out.
A. After all B. First of all C. In all D. Above all
B.重点句型
I don’t know when I’ll post the letter for you. 我不知道何时为你寄信。
= I don’t know when ________________________.
He is always too busy to have any time to relax. 他总是太忙了没有时间放松。
= He is _____ busy ________ have any time to relax.
= He is not free ____________ have any time to relax.
I have to buy a robot so that I can have more time. 为了有更多时间，我不得不买了机器人。
= I have to buy a robot __________ have more time.
Mr. Jiang did not know what to do with it. 江先生不知道怎么处理它。
= Mr. Jiang did not know _________________ it.(简单句)
= Mr. Jiang did not know _________________ it.(复合句)
= Mr. Jiang did not know _________________ it.(复合句)
He found that his flat was in a complete mess. 他发现他的公寓完全乱了。
= He found his flat __________________.(简单句)
He saw that the robot was making breakfast. 他看到机器人在做早饭。
= He saw the robot __________________.(简单句)
C.语法学习
运用“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”将宾语从句转换成简单句，可以分为以下几类
1． 运用“动词+宾语+介词短语”将宾语从句转换成简单句, 接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常见的有find, keep, take
He found that his flat was in a complete mess
He found mess.
2． 运用“动词+宾语+名词性短语”将宾语从句转换成简单句,
I consider that the robot is a great help in my life.
I consider in my life.
3． 运用“动词+宾语+形容词”将宾语从句转换成简单句, 接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有make, keep, think, find等
When I get up, I find that my breakfast is ready.
When I get up, I .
3. 运用“动词+ 宾语+现在分词” 将宾语从句转换成简单句，这类动词有see、find、think、consider、feel等。
I heard that she was singing in English.
I heard in English.
Betty found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.
Betty found a on the ground.
4. 运用“动词+ 形式宾语it+ to do”来将宾语从句转换成简单句,这类动词有find、think、feel、make、consider等。
I found it was difficult to learn English well.
I found learn English well.
运用“疑问词+动词不定式”将宾语从句转换成简单句。
what、which、when、where、who、how等词加上动词不定式可以放在某些动词如know、 remember、 forget 、decide等后面充当宾语， 用来替代宾语从句。
Mr Jiang did not know what he should do with the robot.可以转换成
Mr Jiang did not know with the robot.
The robot knows when it makes lunch boxes for you.
The robot knows lunch boxes for you.
运用动词不定式将目的状语从句或结果状语从句转换成简单句。
掌握so……that /too……to, enough…….to; so that/in order to
I am running quickly so that I can catch the bus.
I am running quickly he bus.
She is so young that she can’t go to school.
She is young go to school.
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I really don’t know what ___________ (write).
2. Tom is too tired ________ (walk) any farther.
3. I found the old man ___________ (lie) on the road just now.
4. Amy is easy-going enough ___________ (make) friends easily.
5. When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl __________ (sing) in it.
三、读写能力提升
语篇复习(Reading)
What does the passage mainly tell us
2. What might cause a robot not to work properly
3. What could you do if you find the robot too much trouble
长难句分析
He is always too busy to have any time to relax.
此句是由too ...to...构成的简单句，too...to...“太……而不能做某事”，是一个否定形式的短语，所以句中的“一些”用的“any”。
如：江先生太忙没有时间进行爱好。
Mr. Jiang is ____ busy _____ have _______ time for hobbies.
书面表达
科技以人为本。随着时代的发展和科技的进步，机器人开始走入我们的生活。作为一名学生，你觉得自己需要一个机器人吗？下面是阳光中学九年级1班学生做的一份调查报告，请用英语介绍调查的结果，并说说自己的看法。
要求：1.要点全覆盖，内容充实，结构合理，语言流畅，书写工整；
2.100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
支持方 反对方
人数 30（2/3） 15（1/3）
理由 机器人能做大量的工作(繁重的，危险的，艰巨的)，使得我们的生活更加轻松； 补充……（至少一点） 1.价格不菲； 2.使人变得懒惰； 3.容易感染病毒出问题。 补充……（至少一点）
写作指导：
1.题干解读—这是一篇给材料作文，介绍我们班学生做的一份关于我们是否需要机器人的调查报告的结果，并说说自己的看法。
2.写作指导：本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：Our class made a survey on……，Here is……，They think……，They can also help……，And robots can……等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
范文赏析：
Our class made a survey on whether we need robots in our everyday life. Here is the result.
30% of the students need robots. They think robots can do a lot of housework and do many dangerous things. They can also help students do homework.
But 15% of students don’t need robots. They think the price of robots is high, they can’t afford it. And robots can make people lazier. The robots sometimes go wrong but they can stop working.
I think with the help of computers, robots and other high-tech, people will need to do less work. They will be relaxing.
9B Unit4 Life on Mars
一、词汇拓展
1.pollute (vt.) →_______(三单)→____________ ( (过去式/过去分词)→_________ (现在分词)
→__________adj.→ _____________(比较级) → ____________(最高级)
→___________n.污染
2.rapid (adj.) →___________(比较级) →___________(最高级)
→________ (adv.)→___________(比较级) →___________(最高级)
3.uncomfortable(adj.) →____________(比较级) → ___________(最高级)
→____________(adv.)→__________(反义词，舒服的)
4.tasty (adj.) →__________(比较级) →__________(最高级) →________ (vi.)
5.compare (vt.)→ __________(三单) → ________ (过去式/过去分词)→________ (现在分词)
6.possible(adj.) →__________(n.) →________________(反义词,不可能性)
→__________(反义词，不可能的)→__________(adv.)
二、核心考点聚焦
A.单词、词组
1. neither
① Me neither/either./Neither have I.
②—I can swim well. —Me too./So can I.
③neither作形容词，后接名词单数 Neither invention is useful.
④neither用作代词，后接of+名词复数 Neither of the stories is boring.
⑤neither用作连词常与nor连用，neither…nor，“既不……也不……”当连主语时，动词有就近原则。
(1).--The young man is so strange. I have never seen such a person before. --______.
A.Me too B. Neither I have C. Me neither D. Neither am I
(2). --Will you go to the city library tomorrow --If you don’t, _______.
A.so do I B. so will I C. neither do I D. neither shall I
2.crowded adj. 拥挤的
crowd vi. 拥挤，聚集 vt. 挤满，将……塞进 n. 人群，一群
①crowded 比较级：more crowded 最高级：most crowded
②The room is crowded with people.(挤满了) The room is filled with/is full of people.
③He ran into the crowd and disappeared quickly.
④a crowd of people 一群人
(a). The famous places of interest are becoming ___________ (crowd) than before.
(b). The bus is so ________ (crowd) that you can’t find any more room.
3.form形状，形式; 表格 in the form of pills fill in the form 填写表格
4.分数
①分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子＞1分母用复数（子基母序，子多母复（福））
1/2 one—second 2/3 two—thirds 4/9 four—ninths
1/4 one—fourth (a quarter) 3/4 three—fourths (three quarters)
②分数结构作主语，谓语动词与分数无关，依据分数后的名词，确定谓语动词。
One-third of the silk is made in Suzhou. Two-thirds of the students are boys.
(a). Three _________(twenty) of the students would like to live on Mars.
(b). About ______ of the books in our school library ______ written in English.
A. one-fifth; is B. one-fifth; are C. first-fifth; are D. one-fifths; is
5. specially
①specially专门地，特别地，特地(强调唯一目的) I made cakes specially for you.
②special特殊的，特别的，专门的（没有比较级）
He has his own special way of helping others.
③especially尤其是（对前面所述事件进行进一步的说明和补充）
His words harm people, especially children.
(a). The shoes are _________ (special) designed for old people to go travelling.
(b). The card was made _____________ (special) for your birthday.
A.float B. floats C. floated D. floating
6.Compare
①Compared with sb./sth.与……比起来（常放句首）
Compared with other students, I′m really lucky.
②compare …With… 把……同……相比 Don’t compare your life with others’.
③compare…to…把……比作 People often compare girls to flowers.
(a). _________ (compare) your answers with those in your book to see if they are right.
(b). _____ with life in Nanjing in the city, life in the country is much slower and more peaceful.
A.To compare B. Comparing C. Compared D. Compare
(c). --What’s wrong with Dale
--He _____ with others in his class just now. He is not happy about that.
A.is compared B. was compared C. compares D. compared
7. connect--connects--connected--connecting--connection(n.)
connect A to B A be connected to B
She connected the mouse to the computer.
Can you see the mouse connected to the computer.(过去分词作定语表被动)
There is a bridge connecting the two villages .（现在分词作定语表主动）
(1). A new underground ______ the airport _______ the railway station will be built soon.
A.connected; and B. connects; with C. connected; to D. connecting; to
(2). The new i-phone ___________ (connect) to the computer to update its system soon.
8.challenging
challenge (n.) 挑战 take on new challenges
challenging (adj.) 比较级：more challenging 最高级：most challenging
(1). China has the world’s largest population of university graduates, so providing them with jobs is really a _____ for the Chinese government.
A.purpose B. competition C. challenge D. situation
(2). Learning English can be ___________ (challenge), but it can also be fun.
9.possible — impossible — possibly
possibility n.可能性（后接of sth/doing或that从句）
(1). There is no __________ (possible) that the man can arrive on time.
(2). We realized the __________ (possible) and took steps to prevent it happening.
10.risk
①n.风险 There′s some risk with this operation这种手术有些风险。
②v.冒……的危险 risk everything to avoid this war冒一切的风险，以避免这场战争
risk doing sth.
She risked _______ (lose) everything to save her only son.
11.after all 毕竟
(1). --What shall we buy for Linda as a birthday present
--Let’s buy her a new computer. ______, her computer breaks down from time to time.
A.Above all B. After all C. At all D. In all
(2). —Sorry, I didn't do a good job. —Never mind. ________， you've tried your best.
A．As for B.In total C．In that case D.After all
B.重点句型
1. How do you like life on Mars 你认为火星上的生活怎么样/
How do you like... == What do you think of... 你认为....怎么样？
2.What would it be like to live on Mars 住在火星上将会是什么样子呢？
What+be+主语+like ....怎么样？
3.Compared with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways.
与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面要好些。
过去分词短语compared with life on the Earth在句中作状语。
过去分词短语connected to an interplanetary network在句中作定语，修饰前面的computer.
4.Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging.
火星上的生活，不仅有挑战性，还很有趣。
as well as 不但...而且，既...又
注意：这一短语在译成中文时，应先译as well as 后面的内容，再译前面的。当as well as 与主语连用时，在意义上强调前者，谓语动词应与其前的主语保持一致。
He as well as his friends likes going shopping.
C.语法学习
简单句和复合句之间的转换
1.含有状语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换
在英语中，我们可以用at the age of, because of, without...等介词短语，将含有状语从句的复合句改为简单句。
He learnt to swim when he was eight years old.→He learnt to swim at the age of eight.
He could not go to the party because he had too much homework.
→He could not go to the party because of too much homework.
He cannot solve this problem if he has no help.→He cannot solve this problem without help.
注意：转换时要注意时态和意思的一致性和准确性。
2.含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换
在英语中，我们可以用of..., like...等介词短语，将含有宾语从句的复合句改为简单句。
The photos remind me that I travelled to the UK five years ago.
→The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.
Are you certain that Tom is satisfied with the plan
→Are you certain about Tom’s satisfaction with the plan
注意：常用的一些动词和介词的搭配有：remind somebody of... be sure/certain about...
3.含有定语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换
在英语中，我们可以用with..., in....等介词短语，将含有定语从句的复合句改为简单句。
Do you know the girl who is holding two books in her hand
→Do you know the girl with two books in her hand
The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher.
→The man in a blue shirt is our English teacher.
【练习】
(1). Can you tell me the distance between the two planets
Can you tell me _______ _______ the two planets are from each other
(2).People know that life on Mars would be different from that on the Earth.
People are _______ _______ _______ _______ between life on Mars and that on the Earth.
三、读写能力提升
A.语篇复习(Reading)
1.What would the flight to Mars be like by the year 2100
2.What does the paragraph mainly tell us
3.What do the writer think of life on Mars.
长难句分析
1.With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spacecraft that travel at the speed of light.
此句含有that 引导的定语从句，用来修饰名词spacecraft, 因为spacecraft单复数同形，前面是in spacecraft，说明此处spacecraft是复数名词，所以定语从句中谓语动词travel用的复数形式。
如：人们将不得不穿专门设计来阻止他们自己漂离进入太空的靴子。
People would have to wear _____________________________ to prevent themselves from floating into space.
2.Robots would do most of their work so that they could have more time to relax.
此句是一个复合句，是so that 引导的目的状语从句，前面句子中would表示虚拟语气，所以从句中情态动词用的could。
如：为了能有更多的空余时间，江先生计划买机器人。
Mr. Jiang planes to buy a robot ________ he ______ have more free time.
B.书面表达
学校将举办英语写作比赛，请根据所给材料写一篇书面表达，以“My life in 30 years”为题，写一篇参赛短文。
1、可能将生活在火星，衣食住行 2、机器人给予人类的帮助
3、工作情况 4、家庭朋友
写作指导：
1.题干解读——本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“My life in 30 years”为题，结合提示内容进行写作，介绍三十年之后我的生活，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来介绍，时态用一般将来时。作文可分为六段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍30年后火星上的衣食住行；第三段介绍机器人如何帮助人类；第四段介绍30年后我的工作情况；；第五段介绍30年后家庭朋友；；第二段对30年后生活的期待。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
范文赏析：
My life in 30 years
I’m always working hard for a bright future. I imagine what my life in 30 years will be like.
In 30 years, I might live on Mars. I would eat food which might probably be in the form of pills. I would have to wear special boots to prevent myself from floating off into space. To my joy, I would live in a house with huge comfortable rooms and go to work in a car which floats in the air. Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging.
On Mars, robots would help me a lot. They would help me cook meals, iron clothes, do the shopping and do the cleaning for me.
Thanks to robots, I would put all my effort into my work and I’m ready to take on new challenges. I would try my best to realize my dream.
In my spare time, I’d get together with my good friends and classmates to talk about the past school life. I would also do whatever I like, such as gardening and doing sports.
In a word, I hope my life in 30 years will be better and better. Life is full of challenges and hopes. That’s why everyone longs for the future. It’s important to have a dream because it’s the power of our life and study. To realize my dream, I’d try my best from now on.
9B Unit 1 Asia
一、词汇拓展
1.tiring（adj）使人疲劳的，累人的→ _________ (adj) 疲倦的，困倦的
2.step n. →_______ (v.) 踏，踩，走 → _________ (过去式)
3. raising n. →_______ (vt.) → _________ (过去式)
rise(vi)→ _________ (过去式) → _________ (过去式)
4. hang v.垂下；悬挂 → _________ (过去式) → _________ (过去分词)
hang v.绞死 → _________ (过去式) → _________ (过去分词)
5. Indian(adj.) 印度（人）的→ _________ (n.)印度→ _________ (n.)印度人
二、核心考点聚焦
A.单词、词组
1.Wake me up on your way back.
wake – wakes – waking – woke – waken (adj.) awake
wake up your sister = wake your sister up
若宾语是代词，则只能放在动词和副词的中间 wake me/you/him/her/them … up
类似短语：cut down look up move away put on put up put away
ring up take off try on pick up set up clean up
2.It was turned into a museum in 1925. 它在1925年被改成了一个博物馆。
①v. turn down 调低；拒绝 turn up 调高
turn on 打开 turn off 关掉
turn out 结果是…；出席；在场 turn to 转向；翻到(书的某一页)；向某人求救
turn left / right 左转/右转 turn red 变红
turn back 这回 turn around / round 转身；翻转
②n. wait for yourHYPERLINK "http://www.21cnjy.com/" turn 等轮到你 take turns to do sth. 按顺序轮流(做某事)
It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事
e.g. As a famous cook, he can _______ these things _______ some delicious dishes quickly.
He ______________ his head as he heard someone calling him.
3.raise (vt.) – raises – raising – raised – raised 举起；提高；升起；募集；饲养
rise (vi.) – rises – rising – rose – risen 上升，升起；起身，起立；上涨
e.g.The teacher said the sun __________ in the east.
He __________ his hands and asked a question.
The price of the house __________ recently.
4. It lies on the two sides of the Lijiang River.
lie – lies – lying – lay – lain 位于；躺，平放
lie – lies – lying – lied – lied 说谎 (n.) 谎言
lay – lays – laying – laid – laid下蛋；放置，安放
e.g. China __________ in the east of Asia.
I found a letter __________ (lie) on the floor when I came into the classroom.
When she came home several days later, she found that all things still ________ where she had ________ them.
5.take up
①占用（时间），占据（空间）
It _____________a whole week to write the article. 写这篇文章花了整整一个星期。
The table _______________ too much space. 这张桌子太占地方了。
② 开始（工作，产生兴趣等，尤其指做以前从未做过的事，或作为消遣的方式）
He took up Spanish while in Spain. 当他在西班牙的时候，他开始学习西班牙语。
与take有关的词组：
take notice of 关注 take off (飞机)起飞；脱下；动身 take a look 看一下
take a walk 散步 take away 带走，拿走，取走 take action 采取行动
take care of 照顾；抚养 take … to … 带…去… take photos 照相，拍照
take over 接受；接管 take notes 做笔记；记录 take a break 休息一会儿
take down 记下；拆卸 take place 发生；进行 take on new challenges 接受新挑战
6.The second largest population in the world
①population常与定冠词the连用，作主语用时，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。
The world’sHYPERLINK "http://www.21cnjy.com/" population _______ increasing faster and faster.
②当主语是表示 “人口的百分之几、几分之几”时，谓语动词用复数形式。
About seventy percent of the population in China ________ farmers.
③有时population可用作可数名词，其前可用不定冠词。
China has a population of about 1.3 billion. = There is a population of about 1.3 billion in China.中国大约有十三亿人口。
④表示人口的“多”或“少”，不用much或little，而要用large或small。
India has a large population.
Singapore has a small population.
⑤询问某国、某地有多少人口时，不用How much，而用How large；在问具体人口时用What。
e.g. How ________ is the population of your hometown
__________ is the population of Canada
B.重点句型
1. The Great Wall is amazing, isn’t it 反义疑问句，常用来征求对方的看法。由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称时态应保持一致。
There __________ (be) several movies tomorrow, are there
I don’t think he will come, _________ he
3.find it +adj.+ to do sth 发现做某事是.....的，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构。
I find it difficult ____________ (answer) this question.
Enough preparation makes ________ easier for us to do everything better.
C.语法学习
一、it作人称代词
1. 指代事物。it 可以指代动物或无生命的事物。如： Look at the panda. It is so small.
2. 指代人。主要用于指婴儿或未知的人。如：
My aunt will have a baby soon. She hopes it will be a girl.
it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词something, anything等。
如： –What’s this / that –It’s an orange.
二、it作非人称代词
1．it用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、环境等。如：
It is raining heavily outside. It is two kilometers from my school to my home.
2．it指代前面提到过的或谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。
–Excuse me, I wonder if you can help me –Sure. ___________
A. What help B. What is this C. What is it D. What do you want
3．it组成的惯用语
take it easy 别紧张，放松点 believe it or not 信不信由你 forget it 算了吧 manage it 设法做成某事 that’s it 这就对了，就这样 make it 做到，成功
Don’t mention it. 不用谢 It’s up to you. 由你决定
三、it作形式主语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语it。常用结构:
It is +adj+of/for+to……. It takes …..some time to….. It is said/reported/…….that……
四、it作形式宾语
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作句子的宾语时，通常把它们放在句末，用it作句子的形式宾语。
常用结构…….thinks/finds/believes/makes/considers ......... it easy/difficult/…..to……..
e.g. Wearing red can also make it easier to take action.
练习：
( )1.The doctor thought ______ would be good for you to have a holiday.
A. this B. that C. one D. it
( )2. He feels _______ his duty to protect the environment.
A. one B. it C. this D.that
( )3.－Who was calling you on the phone just now －___________ was my cousin.
A. She B.He C. It D. You
三、读写能力提升
语篇复习（reading）
What’s the structure of “Welcome to Beijing”
What’s the meaning of the sentence ‘East or west, Guilin landscape is best.’
What’s the purpose of the article
长难句分析
1.It runs for over 6,000 kilometres across northern China, with watchtowers every few hundred metres.
该句中的with复合结构，在句中常作状语，表示原因、条件、时间、伴随、方式等，可位于句首或句尾。
如：随着现代医学的发展，越来越多的疾病可以被治愈。
___________________________________, more and more disease __________________.
它里面有宏伟的建筑和艺术瑰宝，非常值得一游。
With________________________, it is well worth___________________.
2.In this underground cave, it is amazing that there are so many rocks in unusual shapes --some hang down, and others point upwards.
该句it is amazing that 引导主语从句，表示从句所叙述的事情是令人惊讶的。It 是形式主语，that 从句是真正的主语。句中some......and others 为常用表达方式，意为“一些...另一些...”
如：他在学习上取得如此大的进步真是令人惊讶。
It is amazing that he has made __________________ in ___________.
这些野生动物不害怕人类真是太令人惊讶了。
It is amazing that these wild animals _________________________________.
B. 书面表达
假期的时候，很多同学喜欢旅游。请你以My favourite city为题写一篇100词左右的英语演讲稿，并谈谈你对旅游的看法。
1. Which city is your favourite？
2. Why do you like it
3. What’s your idea about travelling
写作指导：
题干解读--本文是一篇材料作文。要求写最爱的城市，及对旅行的看法。9B 第一单元介绍了北京，桂林，日本，新加坡及泰国，这些都是可以借鉴的写作对象。结合提示内容进行写作，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时，也可用一般过去时写旅行经历。文章可分为四段。第一段引出你最爱的城市；第二段写你喜欢它的原因（简介景点和当地的人文风情）；第三段写你对旅行的看法（旅行带给你的好处），可用firstly,secondly,thirdly等顺序词阐明观点；第四段总结全文、发出倡议。写作时注意段与段之间的衔接，并用适当的过渡词，保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
范文赏析：
Hello, everyone! I’m very happy to be here to share my travelling experiences with you. Every summer holiday, I go travelling with my parents. I like travelling very much. Beijing is my favourite city.
It is a city with a long history. There are many places of interest in it. Such as the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, the Great Wall, Tian’anmen Square and so on. I can experience their beauty and greatness. In addition, Beijing people are very friendly and forthright(豪爽的).
In my opinion, it’s meaningful to go travelling. Firstly, I will have lots of fun things to do and see during the trip. Just imagine that I am walking in the beautiful mountains, enjoying the fresh air and listening to the birds singing. It’s amazing, isn’t it Secondly, I may probably meet people from different places and make friends with them, which makes my trip a more pleasant one.
Everybody, let’s go out to feel the beauty of nature. I’m sure you will love travelling soon. That’s all.Thank you!
9B Unit 2 Great people
一、词汇拓展
invent v. →_______ (n.)发明者 →_______ (n.)发明
2. Italy n.- →_______ (n./adj) Europe n.→_______ (n/adj.) Australia n. →_______ (n/adj) Germany n.→_______ (n/adj) France n.→_______ (法语)→_______ (adj)→_______ (n)法国人
3.control n. →_______ (v) →_______ (现在分词)→_______ (过去式) →_______ (过去分词)
4.development n. →_______ (v) →_______ (adj.)发达的→_______ (adj.) 发展中的
5. hunger n. _______ (adj) → _______ (比较级)
核心考点聚焦
单词、词组
1.①fighter n. 斗士,战斗者,战斗机 a fighter for the rights of black Africans
②fight v. 打架，为…而战 fight-fought-fought
fight for freedom 为自由而战 fight against 与----斗争
③ n. 打架 have a fight with sb 与某人打了一架
e.g. What great difficulty Chinese people had fighting ________(对抗) Japanese soldiers seventy years ago.
Mandela ________ for the rights of black Africans all his life. He is considered as a great ________(fight)
2.①serve vi/ vt. 服役，服务，招待 serve the people/the country/the public/the navy
serve me food and drink serve as a pilot 担任飞行员
②service n. 服务 be in service = be in use
e.g. The railway station has been in for 5 years.
The restaurant offered a good ___________.
3.order
① n. 命令，指挥，要求, 顺序, 菜单
receive the order to cut the flight short 收到缩短航程的命令
appear in a fixed order/keep sth in order/out of order
cancel your order (订单）/ May I have your order
② v. 订购，命令
order sth online 在网上订购--- order sb. (not) to do sth. 命令某人（不）做某事
e.g.The boss ___________all the workers to work extra hours last night.
4.① pride n. 骄傲，可引以为豪的人（或物）
He’s the pride of the whole world 他是全世界的骄傲
②proud adj. be proud of … = take pride in … 以…而自豪
e.g.The boy who won the drawing competition is the ________ of his class.
Chinese are ___________ of Yuan longping.
5.The whole world was waiting to greet him. adj.
e.g. All his family ____________ (have) dinner when I came in.
His whole family ____________ (have) dinner when I came in.
6.①vi. 增长 increase by + 数字 表示具体数量增加 increase in 表示在某方面增加
increase to …….增加到…….. increase with… 随……增长
e.g. The world population ________________ (increase) faster and faster.
The population of our town ________________(increase) to 300000 recently.
② vt. 增加 increase rice production 增加水稻产量
重点句型：
动词不定式做后置定语
Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon / that walked on the moon.
I need a a piece of paper ___________ (write) on.
There is nothing _________ (worry) about.
2.长＋when＋短，一个短动作发生的时候，另一个长动作正在进行
When Apollo 11 returned, the whole world was waiting to greet him.
He _________________ (smile) when his teacher __________ (come) in.
I __________________(think) about it when I ________(hear) my name called.
语法学习：
1. 一般现在时和现在进行时
(1) 一般现在时表示现在的状态；现在进行时表示正在发生的动作或状态。
eg. 我的堂妹喜欢集邮。 My cousin likes collecting stamps.
我们现在正在上一节英语课。 We are having an English lesson now.
(2)与一般现在时连用的表示频度的状语有：always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, on Sunday, every day, every year, once a month, threetimes a year等。
与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：at the moment, now, right now等。另外，动词如look, listen用于句首，以唤起对方注意时，也常与现在进行时连用。
(3)一般现在时表示按照时间表或计划表所做的事情；而现在进行时表示即将发生的动作或安排。
eg. 火车下午两点钟离开。 The train leaves at 2 p.m.
放学后我要去见些老朋友。 I am meeting some old friends after school.
一般过去时和过去进行时
(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态；过去进行时强调过去某个时刻发生的动作。
eg. 昨天他丢失了自行车。 He lost his bike yesterday.
昨天下午2点时我正在看一本小说。 I was reading a novel at 2 p.m. yesterday.
(2)一般过去时可以表示过去发生的一系列连续的动作；而过去进行时表示过去同一时间里同时发生的动作。
eg. 他吃完晚饭，然后做作业。 He had dinner and then did his homework.
当她的妈妈在打电话的时候，她在画画。
She was drawing while her mother was talking on the phone.
(3)过去进行时还可以表示过去的某个时间段内持续发生的动作或存在的状态。
eg. 前天整个下午他们都在放风筝。
They were flying kites the whole afternoon the day before yesterday.
(4)与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday, the day before yesterday, last year, two months ago等。 与过去进行时连用的时间状语: at this time yesterday, from…to…, last night等。
一般过去时和现在完成时
(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或者存在的状态；现在完成时强调过去动作所产生的结果或影响。
eg. 他很晚才回家。He came back home late.
他已经买了两辆车。 He has already bought two cars.
(2)一般过去时表示过去某个时间点发生的动作；而现在完成时表示过去某个动作直到现在已经发生了多少次。
eg. 他两年前来过这里。 He came here two years ago.
他已经来过这里很多次了。 He has come here many times.
(3)现在完成时中几个副词的用法：just意为“刚刚”，表示动作刚刚结束，常放在助动词与过去分词之间；ever意为“曾经”，用于疑问句或否定句中，；never“从来没有”，常与before连用，before意为“以前”，总是放在句末。
(4) since与表示时间点的时间状语连用；for与表示时间段的时间状语连用。
eg. 我来这里已经有两周了。 It has been two weeks since I came here.
我来这里已经有两周了。 I have been here for two weeks.
注意：现在完成时与一段时间连用时，要把非延续性动词改为延续性动词，如：
buy → have close → be closed (adj.)
come → be here finish/end → be over
begin/start → be on go → be there
die → be dead (adj.) borrow → keep
open → be open (adj)
练习：
－Have you had your lunch yet －Yes, Father __________(cook) it for me.
－_______(be) you busy yesterday
－Yes. I _____________(prepare) for the exam when you ________(call) me.
－Why are you so worried
－I’m expecting a call from my daughter.She _____________ (be) in New York for three years.
三、读写能力提升
A. 语篇复习（reading）
1. What did Armstrong do when the spacecraft was out of control during his first trip into space
2. What did Armstrong mean by his famous words “One small step for (a) man, one giant leap for mankind”
3.What’s the purpose of the article
长难句分析
Together with Buzz Aldrin, he landed the spacecraft Apollo 11 on the Moon.
A 和B一起做某事，当“和”是as well as/including/except/but/besides/along with 等，谓语动词用单数
如：He together with his children_______ (be) invited to the party.
Because of his excellent service, Neil Armstrong was presented with the Medal of freedom, the highest award that a US citizen can receive.该句是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词award. 定语从句中，如果先行词前由序数词或最高级修饰，关系代词用that.
如：They are talking about the greatest inventions ________ have made a big difference to our daily life.
B.书面表达
每个人都有自己崇拜的偶像( idol )，原因也各不相同。请根据下表内容，结合你自己的看法,以“Who is the idol in my heart”为题，写一篇90词左右的英语作文。
明星 光鲜亮丽，能歌善舞，时尚多金
科学家 严谨治学，知识渊博，卓越贡献
医生 抗疫先锋，治病救人，无私奉献
…… ……
写作指导：
题干解读——本文是一篇材料作文。要求写自己心中的偶像，9B 第二单元有 Neil Armstrong, Marie Curie, Yuan Longping, 9A 里的Spud Webb, Yao Ming, Anne Frank, Tan Dun，Audrey Hepburn, Jackie Chen都是可以借鉴的写作对象，也可以写你自己的偶像，甚至也可以写自己身边的普通人，如爸爸、妈妈等。
写作时要以第三人称来介绍，时态用一般现在时,写偶像曾经的经历用过去时。根据提示，可把文章分为明星、科学家、医生及我的偶像四段。每段围绕who is your idol Why do you admire him/her 展开，写作时注意段与段之间的衔接，并用适当的过渡词。
范文赏析：
Who is the idol in my heart？
Everyone has an idol in his heart. Different people have different reasons for it. Some people admire actors or singers, because they are young, good-looking and dress fashionably. In addition, they can sing, dance or act well. They earn a lot of money so easily that many teenagers admire them very much.
Some people admire scientists, because they have rich knowledge. They are experienced in their own field. They make contributions to our country's science and technology.
Others think doctors are their idols, because they protect our health or lives. Some of them even lost their lives. For example, when the novel corona virus broke out in Wuhan, a lot of doctors gave up their own family and did what they could to save the patients when they were needed.
In my opinion, I think my idol is Yuan Longping , because he spent all his life on the research and development of better rice plants. He has solved the problem of hunger for many people. That’s why I admire him most.
9B Unit3 Robots
一、词汇拓展
smoothly (adv.) → ________________(比较级) → ________________(最高级)
→_____________(adj.)_____________(比较级) → ____________(最高级)
satisfy(vt.) →___________(三单) →___________(过去式) →________ (过去分词)
→____________(adj.)→____________(比较级) → ___________(最高级)
lay(vt.)→______(三单) →________(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→______ (现在分词)
spread(vt./vi.)→__________(三单) →_________(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→______ (现在分词)→__________(n.)
regret(vt./vi.)→_________(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→______ (现在分词)
6. product (n.) →__________(复数) produce→______(过去式) →______ (过去分词)→_____ (现在分词)→_____________(n. 产量) →____________(n.生产者、制造商)
核心考点聚焦
A.单词、词组
whatever
e.g. Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是对的。
whatever 作代词，意为“任何，一切事物”，既可以引导主语从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。引导主语从句时，谓语动词要用单数形式；引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what。
Whatever he does has nothing to do with me.
“no matter＋特殊疑问词”＝“特殊疑问词＋后缀 ever”
由“疑问词+ ever”构成的词还有：whenever(无论何时)，wherever(无论在哪)，whoever(无论谁)，however(无论如何)。
e.g. Wherever you go, please don’t forget me.
Whenever you have time, you are sure to do more reading.
(1). Tourists can do ________ they like when they have time.
whoever B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever
(2). ________ I do, I do it for you. Do not ever doubt that, my boy.
A. Whatever B. Whenever C. Wherever D. However
order
v. 订购 order sth. from 从...订购某物
They ordered some books from the bookstore. 他们从书店里订购了一些书。
order sb. sth.= order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物(order加双宾语结构只可以转换成for的短语)
v. 命令 order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
The officer ordered his soldiers to go to bed at once.军官命令他的士兵们马上去睡觉。
v. 点...(酒，菜等)
The girl ordered herself a cup of coffee. 这个女孩给自己点了一杯咖啡。
in order to/in order that…意为“____________”，常位于句首或句中。
In order to catch the first bus, I’ll get up early tomorrow morning.
＝I’ll get up early tomorrow morning in order that I can catch the first bus.
为了赶上首班公共汽车，我明天早上要早起。
注意：in order to+动词原形 in order that+从句
(5) n. 顺序，次序；条理；命令；订单
keep...in (good) order 把...收拾的井井有条；使...有序
The girl is well-organized. She often keeps her things in good order.
这个女孩很有条理，经常把她的东西收 拾的干干净净。
We have placed an order for 500 copies of books.
我们已经下了一个500册书的订单。
(1). --I don’t want to cook today. --Let’s _______ a pizza from the restaurant.
order B. book C. give D. ask
You must clean your room ________ keep it as good as new.
A.in order that B. in order to C. enough to D. so that
smoothly
adv. 平整地；顺利地，smoothly的比较级为more smoothly，最高级为most smoothly
She ironed the coat smoothly.她把外套晕得很平整。
I stopped my car smoothly.我顺利地停好车。
adj. smooth 光滑的；平静的
The silk blouse feels very smooth.这件丝绸衬衫摸起来很光滑。
(1).When Mr. Jiang got up in the morning, his suit was ironed ___________ (smooth)by the robot.
(2). To make the machine run ____________ (smooth), you need to check it regularly.
satisfy
v. 满足；使...满意，其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为satisfied, satisfied, satisfying
satisfy one’s need 满足...的需求
Parents always try to satisfy their children’s need.父母总是尽量满足孩子们的需求。
adj. satisfied 满意的；满足的
【固定搭配】
be satisfied with= be pleased with=be happy with 对...感到满意
My parents are satisfied with my grades.我的父母对我的分数感到满意。
be satisfied that+从句 满意...
I am satisfied that you can come to my birthday party.我很满意你能来参加我的生日聚会。
(1).---The school network will be shut down for safety reasons.
---That doesn't ________ me at all. I'm not a net-worm, anyway.
A. satisfy B. surprise C. worry D. include
(2).You cannot make the baby stop crying only by ____________ (satisfy) all his requirements.
mess
n. [C] usually singular 脏乱; 不整洁 (untidy)
e.g. a room is in a mess 房间杂乱不堪
The kids made a mess in the room. 孩子们把房间弄得一团乱。
[C] usually singular 麻烦, 困境, 混乱 (a situation that is full of problems)
e.g. The whole situation is in a mess. 整个情况都是一团糟。
(1).--- Ouch, the spilt milk has made a terrible ____________ (乱七八糟) on the carpet.
(2). --- Could you clean up the living room and take out the rubbish, Andrew
--- Of course! Seeing this ________, Mom will be mad, I think.
difficulty B. matter C. mess D. wonder
lay (laid; laid)
vt. 放置, 安放; 铺, 铺设; 摊开; 摆放餐具;
e.g. She laid the baby down gently on the bed. 她把婴儿轻轻地放在床上。
vi.&vt.下蛋
e.g. The bird lays its eggs in the nest. 这只鸟在巢中下蛋。
【词义辨析】
词条 词性及含义 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
lay (laying) vt.放，搁 laid laid laying
vi.& vt.下(蛋)，产(卵)
lie (lying) vi.躺；位于 lay lain lying
vi.说谎 lied lied lying
(1). As soon as news about the death of Li Wenliang came, a number of people went to the hospital he worked and ___________(lay) some flowers in front of it.
(2). James __________ (lay) his hand on my shoulder and I put mine around his at the same time.
spread (spread spread)
vt. 展开, 摊开, 打开, 伸开
e.g. Papers are spread out in the desk. 文件都摊在桌子上。
vi./vt. 传播, 散播;
e.g. The disease spread easily. 这种疾病很容易传播。
n. 传播 the spread of prevent the spread of disease防止疾病的传播
(1). --- I'm afraid Novel COVID-19(新冠病毒)__________ (spread)for a long time.
--- That's why we still have to wear face masks to protect ourselves.
(2). The flag was ____________ (spread) out in the wind.
through
（1）adv. (电话)接通
【固定搭配】put sb. through to sb. 给...接通（电话）
（2）prep. 穿过（门、通道、孔洞等/经过某一地区）
walk through the forest 穿过森林
I could see her through the window. 我透过窗户看到了她。
（3）prep. 经过（全部过程或经历）
look through it 浏览它 read it through 通读它 go through 经历
（4）prep. 凭借 learn sth. through the Internet 通过英特网学...
（5）在整个期间，自始至终（时间）through the spring. 整个春天。
(1). If the customer rings me up again, please ________ the call to sales department.
A. run through B. look through C. go through D. put through
(2). China has built a new Great Green Wall _______ the northern part of the country.
A. among B. across C. through D. between
10. regret
regret v. “后悔；遗憾”其过去式、过去分词、现在分词分别为________，________，________。
【固定搭配】
regret doing sth. 后悔做过某事 eg: I regret saying what I said.
regret that… 后悔…… eg: She regretted that she had missed the bus. 她后悔没赶上汽车。
(1). They failed to pass the exam last time. I regretted ________ them.
A. to be not able to help B. being not able to help
C. not being able to help D. not be able to help
(2). It’s already the third time that Mr. White ____________ (regret) taking a coach back home.
11. all的短语
that’s all right没关系；不客气，不用谢（既可回答道歉，也可回答感谢）
not at all一点也不；别客气（常用于回答感谢）
all right好的，好吧 in all总共，总计 all in all总而言之
after all毕竟 first of all首先 above all首要的是
(1). --- I’m sorry to have you wait here for a long time. --- ________.
A. That’s all right B. My pleasure
C. Please don’t say so D. Don’t mention it
(2). Why isn’t he allowed to stay here ________, it’s his home.
A. As a result B. In a word C. After all D. In general
(3). There is no need to push the kids too hard. ________, you hate to see them stressed out.
A. After all B. First of all C. In all D. Above all
B.重点句型
I don’t know when I’ll post the letter for you. 我不知道何时为你寄信。
= I don’t know when ________________________.
He is always too busy to have any time to relax. 他总是太忙了没有时间放松。
= He is _____ busy ________ have any time to relax.
= He is not free ____________ have any time to relax.
I have to buy a robot so that I can have more time. 为了有更多时间，我不得不买了机器人。
= I have to buy a robot __________ have more time.
Mr. Jiang did not know what to do with it. 江先生不知道怎么处理它。
= Mr. Jiang did not know _________________ it.(简单句)
= Mr. Jiang did not know _________________ it.(复合句)
= Mr. Jiang did not know _________________ it.(复合句)
He found that his flat was in a complete mess. 他发现他的公寓完全乱了。
= He found his flat __________________.(简单句)
He saw that the robot was making breakfast. 他看到机器人在做早饭。
= He saw the robot __________________.(简单句)
C.语法学习
运用“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”将宾语从句转换成简单句，可以分为以下几类
1． 运用“动词+宾语+介词短语”将宾语从句转换成简单句, 接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常见的有find, keep, take
He found that his flat was in a complete mess
He found mess.
2． 运用“动词+宾语+名词性短语”将宾语从句转换成简单句,
I consider that the robot is a great help in my life.
I consider in my life.
3． 运用“动词+宾语+形容词”将宾语从句转换成简单句, 接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有make, keep, think, find等
When I get up, I find that my breakfast is ready.
When I get up, I .
3. 运用“动词+ 宾语+现在分词” 将宾语从句转换成简单句，这类动词有see、find、think、consider、feel等。
I heard that she was singing in English.
I heard in English.
Betty found that there was a wallet lying on the ground.
Betty found a on the ground.
4. 运用“动词+ 形式宾语it+ to do”来将宾语从句转换成简单句,这类动词有find、think、feel、make、consider等。
I found it was difficult to learn English well.
I found learn English well.
运用“疑问词+动词不定式”将宾语从句转换成简单句。
what、which、when、where、who、how等词加上动词不定式可以放在某些动词如know、 remember、 forget 、decide等后面充当宾语， 用来替代宾语从句。
Mr Jiang did not know what he should do with the robot.可以转换成
Mr Jiang did not know with the robot.
The robot knows when it makes lunch boxes for you.
The robot knows lunch boxes for you.
运用动词不定式将目的状语从句或结果状语从句转换成简单句。
掌握so……that /too……to, enough…….to; so that/in order to
I am running quickly so that I can catch the bus.
I am running quickly he bus.
She is so young that she can’t go to school.
She is young go to school.
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. I really don’t know what ___________ (write).
2. Tom is too tired ________ (walk) any farther.
3. I found the old man ___________ (lie) on the road just now.
4. Amy is easy-going enough ___________ (make) friends easily.
5. When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl __________ (sing) in it.
三、读写能力提升
语篇复习(Reading)
What does the passage mainly tell us
2. What might cause a robot not to work properly
3. What could you do if you find the robot too much trouble
长难句分析
He is always too busy to have any time to relax.
此句是由too ...to...构成的简单句，too...to...“太……而不能做某事”，是一个否定形式的短语，所以句中的“一些”用的“any”。
如：江先生太忙没有时间进行爱好。
Mr. Jiang is ____ busy _____ have _______ time for hobbies.
书面表达
科技以人为本。随着时代的发展和科技的进步，机器人开始走入我们的生活。作为一名学生，你觉得自己需要一个机器人吗？下面是阳光中学九年级1班学生做的一份调查报告，请用英语介绍调查的结果，并说说自己的看法。
要求：1.要点全覆盖，内容充实，结构合理，语言流畅，书写工整；
2.100词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。
支持方 反对方
人数 30（2/3） 15（1/3）
理由 机器人能做大量的工作(繁重的，危险的，艰巨的)，使得我们的生活更加轻松； 补充……（至少一点） 1.价格不菲； 2.使人变得懒惰； 3.容易感染病毒出问题。 补充……（至少一点）
写作指导：
1.题干解读—这是一篇给材料作文，介绍我们班学生做的一份关于我们是否需要机器人的调查报告的结果，并说说自己的看法。
2.写作指导：本文主要考查一般现在时和一般将来时，人称为第三人称，注意主谓一致问题，句子结构主要为系表结构和动宾结构，注意一些常见句式的应用，比如：Our class made a survey on……，Here is……，They think……，They can also help……，And robots can……等句式的应用。写作中注意运用代词，注意多种句式交替运用。写作中注意叙述顺序，符合逻辑关系。
范文赏析：
Our class made a survey on whether we need robots in our everyday life. Here is the result.
30% of the students need robots. They think robots can do a lot of housework and do many dangerous things. They can also help students do homework.
But 15% of students don’t need robots. They think the price of robots is high, they can’t afford it. And robots can make people lazier. The robots sometimes go wrong but they can stop working.
I think with the help of computers, robots and other high-tech, people will need to do less work. They will be relaxing.
9B Unit4 Life on Mars
一、词汇拓展
1.pollute (vt.) →_______(三单)→____________ ( (过去式/过去分词)→_________ (现在分词)
→__________adj.→ _____________(比较级) → ____________(最高级)
→___________n.污染
2.rapid (adj.) →___________(比较级) →___________(最高级)
→________ (adv.)→___________(比较级) →___________(最高级)
3.uncomfortable(adj.) →____________(比较级) → ___________(最高级)
→____________(adv.)→__________(反义词，舒服的)
4.tasty (adj.) →__________(比较级) →__________(最高级) →________ (vi.)
5.compare (vt.)→ __________(三单) → ________ (过去式/过去分词)→________ (现在分词)
6.possible(adj.) →__________(n.) →________________(反义词,不可能性)
→__________(反义词，不可能的)→__________(adv.)
二、核心考点聚焦
A.单词、词组
1. neither
① Me neither/either./Neither have I.
②—I can swim well. —Me too./So can I.
③neither作形容词，后接名词单数 Neither invention is useful.
④neither用作代词，后接of+名词复数 Neither of the stories is boring.
⑤neither用作连词常与nor连用，neither…nor，“既不……也不……”当连主语时，动词有就近原则。
(1).--The young man is so strange. I have never seen such a person before. --______.
A.Me too B. Neither I have C. Me neither D. Neither am I
(2). --Will you go to the city library tomorrow --If you don’t, _______.
A.so do I B. so will I C. neither do I D. neither shall I
2.crowded adj. 拥挤的
crowd vi. 拥挤，聚集 vt. 挤满，将……塞进 n. 人群，一群
①crowded 比较级：more crowded 最高级：most crowded
②The room is crowded with people.(挤满了) The room is filled with/is full of people.
③He ran into the crowd and disappeared quickly.
④a crowd of people 一群人
(a). The famous places of interest are becoming ___________ (crowd) than before.
(b). The bus is so ________ (crowd) that you can’t find any more room.
3.form形状，形式; 表格 in the form of pills fill in the form 填写表格
4.分数
①分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子＞1分母用复数（子基母序，子多母复（福））
1/2 one—second 2/3 two—thirds 4/9 four—ninths
1/4 one—fourth (a quarter) 3/4 three—fourths (three quarters)
②分数结构作主语，谓语动词与分数无关，依据分数后的名词，确定谓语动词。
One-third of the silk is made in Suzhou. Two-thirds of the students are boys.
(a). Three _________(twenty) of the students would like to live on Mars.
(b). About ______ of the books in our school library ______ written in English.
A. one-fifth; is B. one-fifth; are C. first-fifth; are D. one-fifths; is
5. specially
①specially专门地，特别地，特地(强调唯一目的) I made cakes specially for you.
②special特殊的，特别的，专门的（没有比较级）
He has his own special way of helping others.
③especially尤其是（对前面所述事件进行进一步的说明和补充）
His words harm people, especially children.
(a). The shoes are _________ (special) designed for old people to go travelling.
(b). The card was made _____________ (special) for your birthday.
A.float B. floats C. floated D. floating
6.Compare
①Compared with sb./sth.与……比起来（常放句首）
Compared with other students, I′m really lucky.
②compare …With… 把……同……相比 Don’t compare your life with others’.
③compare…to…把……比作 People often compare girls to flowers.
(a). _________ (compare) your answers with those in your book to see if they are right.
(b). _____ with life in Nanjing in the city, life in the country is much slower and more peaceful.
A.To compare B. Comparing C. Compared D. Compare
(c). --What’s wrong with Dale
--He _____ with others in his class just now. He is not happy about that.
A.is compared B. was compared C. compares D. compared
7. connect--connects--connected--connecting--connection(n.)
connect A to B A be connected to B
She connected the mouse to the computer.
Can you see the mouse connected to the computer.(过去分词作定语表被动)
There is a bridge connecting the two villages .（现在分词作定语表主动）
(1). A new underground ______ the airport _______ the railway station will be built soon.
A.connected; and B. connects; with C. connected; to D. connecting; to
(2). The new i-phone ___________ (connect) to the computer to update its system soon.
8.challenging
challenge (n.) 挑战 take on new challenges
challenging (adj.) 比较级：more challenging 最高级：most challenging
(1). China has the world’s largest population of university graduates, so providing them with jobs is really a _____ for the Chinese government.
A.purpose B. competition C. challenge D. situation
(2). Learning English can be ___________ (challenge), but it can also be fun.
9.possible — impossible — possibly
possibility n.可能性（后接of sth/doing或that从句）
(1). There is no __________ (possible) that the man can arrive on time.
(2). We realized the __________ (possible) and took steps to prevent it happening.
10.risk
①n.风险 There′s some risk with this operation这种手术有些风险。
②v.冒……的危险 risk everything to avoid this war冒一切的风险，以避免这场战争
risk doing sth.
She risked _______ (lose) everything to save her only son.
11.after all 毕竟
(1). --What shall we buy for Linda as a birthday present
--Let’s buy her a new computer. ______, her computer breaks down from time to time.
A.Above all B. After all C. At all D. In all
(2). —Sorry, I didn't do a good job. —Never mind. ________， you've tried your best.
A．As for B.In total C．In that case D.After all
B.重点句型
1. How do you like life on Mars 你认为火星上的生活怎么样/
How do you like... == What do you think of... 你认为....怎么样？
2.What would it be like to live on Mars 住在火星上将会是什么样子呢？
What+be+主语+like ....怎么样？
3.Compared with life on the Earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways.
与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面要好些。
过去分词短语compared with life on the Earth在句中作状语。
过去分词短语connected to an interplanetary network在句中作定语，修饰前面的computer.
4.Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging.
火星上的生活，不仅有挑战性，还很有趣。
as well as 不但...而且，既...又
注意：这一短语在译成中文时，应先译as well as 后面的内容，再译前面的。当as well as 与主语连用时，在意义上强调前者，谓语动词应与其前的主语保持一致。
He as well as his friends likes going shopping.
C.语法学习
简单句和复合句之间的转换
1.含有状语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换
在英语中，我们可以用at the age of, because of, without...等介词短语，将含有状语从句的复合句改为简单句。
He learnt to swim when he was eight years old.→He learnt to swim at the age of eight.
He could not go to the party because he had too much homework.
→He could not go to the party because of too much homework.
He cannot solve this problem if he has no help.→He cannot solve this problem without help.
注意：转换时要注意时态和意思的一致性和准确性。
2.含有宾语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换
在英语中，我们可以用of..., like...等介词短语，将含有宾语从句的复合句改为简单句。
The photos remind me that I travelled to the UK five years ago.
→The photos remind me of my trip to the UK five years ago.
Are you certain that Tom is satisfied with the plan
→Are you certain about Tom’s satisfaction with the plan
注意：常用的一些动词和介词的搭配有：remind somebody of... be sure/certain about...
3.含有定语从句的复合句与简单句之间的转换
在英语中，我们可以用with..., in....等介词短语，将含有定语从句的复合句改为简单句。
Do you know the girl who is holding two books in her hand
→Do you know the girl with two books in her hand
The man who wears a blue shirt is our English teacher.
→The man in a blue shirt is our English teacher.
【练习】
(1). Can you tell me the distance between the two planets
Can you tell me _______ _______ the two planets are from each other
(2).People know that life on Mars would be different from that on the Earth.
People are _______ _______ _______ _______ between life on Mars and that on the Earth.
三、读写能力提升
A.语篇复习(Reading)
1.What would the flight to Mars be like by the year 2100
2.What does the paragraph mainly tell us
3.What do the writer think of life on Mars.
长难句分析
1.With the development of technology, by the year 2100, the journey might only take about 20 minutes in spacecraft that travel at the speed of light.
此句含有that 引导的定语从句，用来修饰名词spacecraft, 因为spacecraft单复数同形，前面是in spacecraft，说明此处spacecraft是复数名词，所以定语从句中谓语动词travel用的复数形式。
如：人们将不得不穿专门设计来阻止他们自己漂离进入太空的靴子。
People would have to wear _____________________________ to prevent themselves from floating into space.
2.Robots would do most of their work so that they could have more time to relax.
此句是一个复合句，是so that 引导的目的状语从句，前面句子中would表示虚拟语气，所以从句中情态动词用的could。
如：为了能有更多的空余时间，江先生计划买机器人。
Mr. Jiang planes to buy a robot ________ he ______ have more free time.
B.书面表达
学校将举办英语写作比赛，请根据所给材料写一篇书面表达，以“My life in 30 years”为题，写一篇参赛短文。
1、可能将生活在火星，衣食住行 2、机器人给予人类的帮助
3、工作情况 4、家庭朋友
写作指导：
1.题干解读——本文是一篇材料作文。要求以“My life in 30 years”为题，结合提示内容进行写作，介绍三十年之后我的生活，注意要点齐全，可适当发挥。
2.写作指导：写作时要以第一人称来介绍，时态用一般将来时。作文可分为六段，第一段引出话题；第二段介绍30年后火星上的衣食住行；第三段介绍机器人如何帮助人类；第四段介绍30年后我的工作情况；；第五段介绍30年后家庭朋友；；第二段对30年后生活的期待。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。
范文赏析：
My life in 30 years
I’m always working hard for a bright future. I imagine what my life in 30 years will be like.
In 30 years, I might live on Mars. I would eat food which might probably be in the form of pills. I would have to wear special boots to prevent myself from floating off into space. To my joy, I would live in a house with huge comfortable rooms and go to work in a car which floats in the air. Life on Mars would be interesting as well as challenging.
On Mars, robots would help me a lot. They would help me cook meals, iron clothes, do the shopping and do the cleaning for me.
Thanks to robots, I would put all my effort into my work and I’m ready to take on new challenges. I would try my best to realize my dream.
In my spare time, I’d get together with my good friends and classmates to talk about the past school life. I would also do whatever I like, such as gardening and doing sports.
In a word, I hope my life in 30 years will be better and better. Life is full of challenges and hopes. That’s why everyone longs for the future. It’s important to have a dream because it’s the power of our life and study. To realize my dream, I’d try my best from now on.