(共10张PPT)
Unit 8 Have you read
Treasure Island yet？
第三课时 Section A（Grammar Focus-4c）
语法精讲
现在完成时（一）
1. 意义：现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或
结果。
如：—Have you had your lunch yet？
你已经吃过午饭了吗？
—Yes，I have. I’ve just had it.
是的，我刚吃过。（现在我不饿了）
I have already posted those photos.我已经邮寄了那些照片。（那些照片已不在我
这里了）
2. 现在完成时的用法
现在完成时主要有两种用法，一种是完成用法，也叫影响性用法；另一种是未
完成用法，也叫持续性用法。
（1）现在完成时的“完成用法”指的是动作发生在过去某一时刻并已结
束，但该动作对现在产生了影响，与现在情况具有因果关系。
现在完成时“完成用法”的特点是动作不延续，因此，该时态只能与表示
不定的过去时间状语（如：already，yet，before，recently等）、频度时间状语
（如：never，ever，once 等）、包括现在时刻在内的时间状语（如：this
morning/month/year…，today 等）连用。
如：I have already finished my homework.我已经完成我的家庭作业了。（对
现在的影响或结果：现在我没事了）
（2）现在完成时的“未完成用法”指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直
延续到现在为止，或可能还要继续下去。
此种用法的句中常需一个表示一段时间的状语（由 sin ce或 for引导），或
表示与现在时刻相连的时间状语（如：up to now，so far）等。
如：I have been in the army for more than 5 years.我在部队已经待了
五年多了。
I haven’t seen her sin ce last week.自上周以来我一直未见过她。
在表达这层意思的时候，句子的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。但是，在否
定句中，谓语动词仍然可用非延续性动词。
如：I haven’t bought clothes for a year.我有一年没有买衣服了。
3. already，yet与现在完成时
（1）already常用于肯定句中，指动作已经发生，或比期望发生得要早，一
般用在句子中间或句末。
（2）yet用于疑问句和否定句中，谈论尚未发生但可能发生的事，通常位于
句末。
语法精练
Ⅰ.根据句意，用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I really like the film.I （see） it three times.
2. —Has Wei Hua come yet？
—Yes，she （come） already. She （come） just now.
have seen
has come
came
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Ⅳ
Ⅴ
Ⅵ
Ⅶ
Ⅷ
Ⅸ
Ⅹ
Ⅺ
Ⅻ
3. — you （buy） a dictionary yesterday？
—Yes，and I （buy） it in a bookstore.
4. Your father just （finish） his work. You can ask him to have
dinner.
5. Someone （take） the bags away. Now there’s nothing on the desk.
Did
buy
bought
has
finished
has taken
Ⅱ.根据中文意思，补全英语译文。（每空限填一词，缩写算一词）
6. 到目前为止这本书我才读了一小部分。
I only a little of the book .
7. 杰克已经给花园里的花浇过水了。
Jack the flowers in the garden.
8. 近来我没有足够的睡眠，所以总是感到困倦。
I enough sleep ，so I’m always sleepy.
have
read
so
far
has
already
watered
haven’t
had
recently (共23张PPT)
第三课时 Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)
Unit 8 Have you read Treasure Islead
---Is he hungry
---No,he isn't. He has eaten breakfast.
Warm- up
---Are the girls cleaning the clothes
---No. They have just cleaned the clothes.
Grammar Focus
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
How is the present perfect tense formed
have/has + 过去分词
Find the present perfect tense.
Have you read
Has Tina read
Have you decided
I've already finished
already
yet
yet
yet
What adverbs are often used with the present perfect tense
Already and yet.
Have you read Little Women yet Yes, I have./No, I haven't.
Has Tina read Treasure Island yet Yes, she has. She thinks it's fantastic.
Have you decided which book to write about yet Yes, I have. I've already finished reading it. It was really good.
含现在完成时的句子如何构成一般疑问句？
将助动词have/has放在主语之前。
一、现在完成时的基本结构
现在完成时由“助动词 have/has + 过去分词”构成，其基本句式结构为：
① 肯定句：主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他.
I have seen this film.
② 否定句：主语 + have/has not + 过去分词 + 其他.
I have not seen this film.
③ 一般疑问句：Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 + 其他
肯定回答：Yes, 主语 + have/has. 否定回答：No, 主语 + haven't/hasn't.
—Have you seen the film —Yes, I have. / No, I haven't.
现在完成时（一）
和主语一致
have not = haven't; has not = hasn't
have/has 常可缩略为 -'ve/-'s
●现在完成时的用法:
表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
I have already read Treasure Island.
I have returned the book to the library.
I have bought a new house.
1. 规则变化（与动词过去式规则一样，此类称作规则动词）
一般在词尾直接加 -ed 以不发音的e结尾的，加 –d 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，改y为i加-ed 重读闭音节以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写这个辅音字母后加 –ed
work→worked slice→sliced study→studied stop→stopped
-ed 的读音规则：
① 在元音或浊辅音后读 [d]，如 tried [tra d]，lived [l vd]。
② 在清辅音后读 [t]，如 worked [w kt]，stopped [st pt]。
③ 在[t][d]后读[ d]，如 mended [mend d]，wanted [w nt d]。
过去分词的构成
2. 不规则变化（此类称作不规则动词，有很多）
原形（不定式） 过去式 过去分词
be was/were been
have had had
choose chose chosen
put put put
run ran run
参看课本P136-137 Irregular Verbs（不规则动词表） see-saw-seen; be-was, were-been
eat-ate-eaten; break-broke-broken
go-went-gone; take-took-taken
send-sent-sent; find-found-found
make-made-made; have-had-had
v.-ed 的变化形式大部分与动词过去式形式相同，但是不规则动词的变化形式没有规律，需要记忆
●现在完成时的时间状语:
用副词already和yet。already一般用于肯定句中, yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。
We have already finished our homework.
We haven’t finished our homework yet.
Have you finished doing your homework yet
already 一般用于肯定句，用于疑问句时表示惊讶，出乎意料。 常放于句中，实义动词之前，助动词之后。
yet 一般用于否定句或疑问句。 常放在句尾，not yet常用在答语中，意为“尚未；还没有”。
现在完成时 一般过去时
用法
时间 状语
谓语 动词
表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，侧重于现在的情况。
表示过去某个时候发生的动作或存在的状态，与现在无关。
常和already, yet, just, ever, never, before, since, for等连用。
常和 yesterday, last week, just now, in 2012, two days ago等具体的表示过去的时间状语连用。
与一段时间连用时，谓语动词要用延续性动词而不用非延续性动词。
谓语动词没有延续性或非延续性动词的限制。
4a
Use the words in brackets to complete the conversations.
1. A: Would you like something to drink
B: No, thanks. ______________________.
(just / drink some tea)
2. A: I heard you lost your key. ___________________________________ (find)
B: No, not yet.
I’ve just drunk some tea
Have you found it yet
3. A: Do you know when Tom is leaving
B: ______________________. (already / leave)
A: When __________________ (leave)
B: This morning.
4. A: Is your sister going to the movies with us tonight
B: No. _____________________________.
(already/see the film)
Tom/He has already left
did he leave
She has already seen the film
5. A: What do your parents think about
our plan
B: I ____________________________.
(not / tell them / yet)
have not/haven’t told them yet
4b
Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in brackets.
Sally _________ (love) reading. In the morning, she reads the newspaper and in the evening she reads books. She ________ already _________ (read) more than 100 different books! Her favorite kind of books is science fiction. She is interested in science and technology and loves to imagine what the world _______ (be) like in 50 years.
loves
has
read
will be
She _______ (finish) reading a book about robots last week and _________ (write) a book report about it next week for her French class. Every time she is in the library, Sally looks at the many books she _______________ (not read) yet and she can’t wait to read them!
finished
will write
has not read
Complete the chart with information about you and a friend.
Experiences You Your friend Comments
Books I have already read
Movies I have already seen
Songs I have already heard
4c
1.She __________(not read) the book yet.
________ you ________(decide) which book to buy yet
2.Tom won't go to the cinema with us because he ________ already ________ (see) the film.
3.David hasn't ________(finish) ________(read) Harry Potter yet.
4.We ________ just ________(clean) the classroom.
5.I ________(lend) my bike to her yesterday, but she ____________ (not give) it back to me yet.
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
hasn’t read
Have
has
seen
finished
have
cleaned
decided
reading
lent
hasn’t given
Exercises
Ⅱ.单项选择
1. —The boy misses his parents very much.
— So he does. They_______ the hometown for nearly two years.
A. have left B. will leave C. have been away from
2. William Shakespeare ______for 400 years, but his works still have great influence today.
A. died B. was dying C. has died D. has been dead
3. —Look! Somebody________ the lights.
—Well, it wasn’t me. I didn’t do it.
A. turns off B. is turning off C. was turning off D. has turned off
C
D
D
4. —Peter, you speak Chinese so well.
— Thank you. I_____ Chinese since I came here in 2013.
A. will learn B. learned C. have learned D. learn
5. I am surprised at the new look of my hometown, for
it_______ a lot over the years.
A. changed B. changes C. will change D. has changed
C
D
Homework
Recite the sentences in Grammar Focus.
Preview Section B 1a-1d.
