山东省济南市章丘第四中2024年12月学期末考试高三英语试卷（含解析）
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| 名称 | 山东省济南市章丘第四中2024年12月学期末考试高三英语试卷（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 53.8KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-03-08 23:18:04 | ||
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绝密★考试结束前
英语试卷
考生须知：
1．本卷满分150分，考试时间90分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效
一、听力选择题
1. Which bus does Jack suggest taking to the sports centre
A．No.15. B．No.18. C．No.25.
2. What should people bring to the swimming pool
A．A towel. B．Soap. C．A swimming cap.
3. What can people buy at the sports centre
A．Fruit. B．Hamburgers. C．Sandwiches.
4. Where will the speakers probably eat today
A．At a Chinese restaurant. B．At a British restaurant. C．At a French restaurant.
5. What does the man come for
A．A lecture. B．A party. C．A meeting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Why does the woman choose the course
A．It is multi-task. B．It is cost-effective. C．It is time-consuming.
7. What is the man going to do
A．Plant a tree. B．Move his car. C．Check the map.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why does the woman call James
A．To pay her bill. B．To discuss the service. C．To confirm her monthly charge.
9. What did the man do last night
A．He went to a school. B．He talked with his friend. C．He saw a film on TV.
10. What does Kathy thank Dave for
A．Finding her a new job. B．Sending her a present. C．Calling on her mother.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where do the most seals live
A．In the oceans near the poles. B．In the Atlantic Ocean. C．In the Pacific Ocean.
12. What kind of environment do lions prefer
A．A hot and wet place. B．A cold and wet place. C．A dry and grassy place.
13. What is the main topic of the talk
A．Energy conservation.
B．New housing construction.
C．The number of bicycles and cars.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first
A．To keep records of her progress.
B．To sell home-grown vegetables.
C．To motivate her fellow gardeners.
15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries
A．They need no special care.
B．They can be used in cooking.
C．They bear a lot of fruit soon.
16. What is difficult for Marie to grow
A．Herbs. B．Carrots. C．Pears.
17. What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening
A．Aim high. B．Keep focused. C．Stay optimistic.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What does the woman take when she goes shopping
A．A plastic bag.
B．A basket.
C．A cloth bag.
19. What is Johnson famous for
A．His acting talent. B．His humorous writing. C．His long sports career.
20. Why does the man have so many plastic bottles
A．He wants to create a better environment.
B．He wants to earn some pocket money.
C．He often buys bottled drinks.
阅读理解
A
Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921,the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.
In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
1. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1
A．How the Irish fought against the English. B．How Ireland gained independence.
C．How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. D．How two “Irelands” came into being.
2. What can we learn about Ireland from the text
A．Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population.
B．People are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside.
C．It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.
D．Different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments.
3. What can be the best title for the text
A．Life in Ireland B．A Very Difficult History
C．Ireland, Past and Present D．The Independence of Ireland
B
There’s nothing like having a best friend forever—that person who you can have fun with and talk to. July 30 is the International Day of Friendship. Maybe you can keep an eye out for a new friend to get to know. And while we’re talking about friends, don’t think humans are the only ones who know a thing or two about friendship. Check out these friendly animals in nature who help each other out.
An elephant and an olive baboon (东非狒狒) can be friends It sounds strange, but it’s true. You can find this pair of friends in the grasslands of Africa. This unusual pair helps each other out like any good friends would. The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this “well” when it gets thirsty. In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near. It climbs up to the treetops and calls out so its friend knows that it’s time to move on.
In the sea world, the goby fish (虾虎鱼) and the shrimp (虾) are well-known for their friendship. While the shrimp provides a home for the goby fish, the goby fish provides a guidance service for the almost blind shrimp. You see, the goby has great eyesight and stays close to the shrimp. As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna (须) from time to time to make sure it’s still there. If the goby senses danger, she will return to the home and the shrimp will follow.
The langur monkey has a very good friendship with the chital deer (花鹿). While the langur monkey eats in a tree, it drops leaves to the ground. This is good for the deer because sometimes there’s not much food. The deer will follow the monkey and eat whatever food is dropped. And in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger.
1. How can an elephant help an olive baboon
A．By offering a shelter. B．By digging a waterhole.
C．By guiding the way. D．By warning it of danger.
2. What does a shrimp do when moving around in the sea
A．It never swims far from its home. B．It goes home from time to time.
C．It stays close to the goby fish. D．It uses its antenna for directions.
3. What do the olive baboon and the chital deer have in common
A．They have good eyesight. B．They have a good sense of smell.
C．They warn their friends of danger. D．They live together with their friends.
4. What would be the best title for the text
A．Best friends forever B．The International Day of Friendship
C．Love me, love my dog D．Friendships in the animal world
C
Where do you expect to see graffiti (涂鸦) Probably not in a museum. Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, in the south-west of England, was the kind of place you went to see classical statues and stuffed animals in cases until the arrivals of the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009. The exhibition hosted more than 100 works by Banksy, one of the world’s most famous graffiti artists.
Banksy is a man of mystery (神秘). He hardly ever gives interviews and likes to be anonymous (匿名的). Nobody knows much about his life or his background but many people believe that his real name is either Robin Cunningham, Robert Banks or Robin Banks and that he was born in 1973 near Bristol.
Banksy’s questioned ‘street art’ includes paintings on live sheep and cows and graffiti on the huge wall put up to divide two areas. Brand Pitt spent over 82 million on a Bansky original. Banksy designed an album cover for the Britpop group Blur in 2003 but he has refused requests to do adverts for Nike. A year after the Bristol exhibition, Banksy made a film called Exit Through the Gift Shop. The film tells the story of a French street artist in America. Exit Through the Gift Shop received many positive reviews. Nobody knows if it was about a real artist or an invented character from Banksy’s imagination.
Bristol isn’t the only place in Britain to welcome graffiti. The DPM Park in Dundee, Scotland has the longest legal graffiti wall (almost 110m long) in the UK. Anyone can paint on the council-owned wall any time they like. Mike Crilley, the graffiti wall project organiser, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children.
Is everyone doing graffiti Can we do graffiti where we want these days Not exactly. It’s illegal to paint on somebody else’s possessions, so make sure you find a legal graffiti wall like the one in Dundee if you want to have a go.
1. Why is Banksy a man of mystery
A．His works are mainly set in Bristol. B．His works are not universally recognized.
C．He’s likely to use a penname in his works D．He comes from an area unfamilar to others.
2. What can be inferred about Exit Through the Gift Shop
A．It was produced in the year 2010. B．It was based on Banksy’s true story.
C．It was directed and starred by Banksy. D．It was filmed for the Bristol exhibition.
3. Where can you do graffiti according to the author
A．On any wall in the UK. B．On somebody’s outer wall.
C．In Mike Crilley’s workshops. D．In any nation-owned parks.
4. What does the passage mainly tell about
A．Different opinions on graffiti. B．Britain’s famous graffiti artist.
C．Banksy’s most successful graffiti. D．Graffiti in major cities in the world.
D
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
32. What do we know about the records of species collected now
A．They are becoming outdated. B．They are mostly in electronic form.
C．They are limited in number. D．They are used for public exhibition.
33. What does Daru’s study focus on
A．Threatened species. B．Physical specimens.
C．Observational data. D．Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study
A．Mistakes in data analysis. B．Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C．Improper way of sampling. D．Unreliable data collection devices.
35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps
A．Review data from certain areas. B．Hire experts to check the records.
C．Confirm the identity of the users. D．Give guidance to citizen scientists.
E
To an outsider，any culture can seem confusing.And the UK's got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows.However，understand the why and things might be less puzzling. 1. .
In a world where 61％of nations drive on the right，Brits drive on the left.Why Most people think it goes back to Medieval，maybe even Roman times. 2. when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip.Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm toward your opponent，who would be on your right.This practice continued until the 18th century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left.
Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water，the other cold. 3. .So，why this oddity It relates to a time when hot and cold water were kept separate to prevent pollution.Drinkable cold water came from a mains supply，but hot water came from attic tanks and was not considered suitable for consumption.So they were kept apart.
Millions of people drink tea worldwide，but the odd Brits put milk in theirs.Why This mysterious practice relates to the quality of china cup used in the 18th century when tea was first imposed.For the majority of Brits，the cups available couldn’t stand the heat of the boiling water and would break，so milk was added first. 4. .And this practical tweak soon became a national habit.
5. .As you can see，these odd Brits have perfectly clear reasons for left-hand driving，two-tap sinks and tea with milk.Even if they still seem strange，at least now you’re in the know.
A．This makes it difficult to improve
B．There is a method to the madness
C．This unusual behavior makes sense
D．You can know the origins of the practices
E．Either can make washing very uncomfortable
F．This cooled the cup enough to resist the boiling water
G．Here are the reasons for three of Britain’s more puzzling practices
完形填空
In March 2020, when I stood alone in the middle of the main road to the Lake District，it felt like the end of the world. As a local _______ , I’ve grown used to the heavy traffic. But suddenly, everything _______ . The lockdown(因疫情封锁)brought quietness to the area, and I did feel a sense of relief(放松)to be done with the _______ for a while.
Just off the main road is Matterdale, where I _______ with my family. We own a farm and our work _______ tending farm animals. Like many who live in tourist attractions, we have been _______ by some visitors. My farming would have been significantly _______ without people parking in gateways, walking through the fields of lambs(羊羔)with running pet dogs _______ them, or giving up their tents along the river.
_______ my complaints(抱怨), however, I would never refuse visitors’ presence. I do understand their need for ________ after months of busy city life. In fact, I think I ________ them too. Of course, communities like ours rely on the income that ________ creates. But to me, there is something more personal. I once took my kids to the lake. Near the shore, we saw boys and girls playing together. A young dad was ________ his kid’s hand as she tiptoed through the shallows(浅水处). An elderly couple were sitting in the shade, ________ the view. I found myself content knowing that I was ________ this landscape(景色)with others.
As lockdown restrictions(限制)have ________ and visitors started to come back, I wonder how we can coexist ________ . For those who are reading this, I hope that my words can encourage you to ________ the communities you visit, and understand the responsibilities that come with ________ those places. Our love can coexist, even if it sometimes makes life a little ________ .
1.
A．farmer B．editor C．designer D．tourist
2.
A．disappeared B．recovered C．changed D．survived
3.
A．debate B．noise C．challenge D．contact
4.
A．explore B．hike C．register D．live
5.
A．turns to B．leads to C．focuses on D．gives way to
6.
A．destroyed B．annoyed C．injured D．frightened
7.
A．narrower B．harder C．cheaper D．easier
8.
A．scaring B．hunting C．striking D．lecturing
9.
A．Due to B．Despite C．Other than D．With regard to
10.
A．rescue B．rest C．sweat D．shelter
11.
A．need B．recommend C．prefer D．affect
12.
A．heritage B．species C．tourism D．nature
13.
A．appreciating B．tapping C．shaking D．holding
14.
A．describing B．expecting C．comparing D．admiring
15.
A．improving B．sharing C．identifying D．reserving
16.
A．relaxed B．advanced C．flooded D．revived
17.
A．happily B．creatively C．historically D．legally
18.
A．threaten B．alarm C．respect D．forgive
19.
A．establishing B．damaging C．visiting D．arranging
20.
A．formal B．positive C．disastrous D．crowded
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
August 3rd is Watermelon Day, an annual holiday that celebrates everyone’s favorite summer fruit. 56 (make) of almost 92% water, the fruit is full of vitamin A and vitamin C and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). So what are you waiting for Get yourself a few slices of watermelon 57 (celebrate) this delicious holiday.
Watermelon is an ancient food that 58 (believe) to have originated in Africa. Historians have found evidence of watermelon planting as far back as 4,000 years ago. Today, 59 (variety) of the fruit are grown in warm parts of the world.
Because of 60 (it) high water content, watermelon is a kind of thirst -quenching (解渴的) fruit. In fact, in the Kalahari Desert, 61 watermelon is called “tsamma”, it is one of the main sources of water during the dry, hot season. In the past, people 62 (go) across the desert only during a good tsamma season.
Some studies have shown that the antioxidants in watermelon can reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Moreover, all parts of the fruit are eatable. Its flesh can be eaten 63 (direct) or juiced. In many parts of the world, 64 thick green outer covering of the fruit serves 65 a dish, and its seeds are dried, roasted and enjoyed like nuts.
五、书信写作
66. 你们学校的运动会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者。假如你是李华，红星中学的一名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 个人介绍；
2. 自身优势；
3. 强烈意愿。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
67. 假定你是李华，在英国一所中学做交换生，现在要参加一个以“Food & Culture”为主题的演讲活动。你准备介绍一种中国传统食物——元宵。请从元宵的历史、寓意及做法等方面写一篇演讲稿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：蒸steam 炸fry 煮boil
Dear friends,
I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening.
答案
一、听力选择题
略
二、阅读理解
1. 答案：D
解析：第一段主要讲述了爱尔兰的历史，包括英国统治者对爱尔兰的征服以及爱尔兰的独立过程，最终形成了如今两个 “爱尔兰” 的局面，D选项 “两个‘爱尔兰’是如何形成的” 正确。A选项 “爱尔兰人如何反抗英国人”、B选项 “爱尔兰如何获得独立”、C选项 “英国统治者如何试图征服爱尔兰” 都只是部分内容，不全面。
2. 答案：A
解析：根据第二段 “In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger... As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.” 可知，19世纪40年代的食物短缺导致了人口下降，A选项正确。B选项，文中说越来越多人搬到城市工作，但未提及是因为农村缺乏工作；C选项，文中未比较农民和工厂工人谋生的难易程度；D选项，根据 “Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.” 可知，并非所有古老的爱尔兰歌曲都使用乐器演唱。
3. 答案：C
解析：文章既介绍了爱尔兰的历史，如过去的战争、饥荒等，又介绍了现在的情况，如人们的生活方式、文化等，C选项 “爱尔兰的过去与现在” 能全面概括文章内容，适合作为标题。A选项 “爱尔兰的生活”、B选项 “一段艰难的历史”、D选项 “爱尔兰的独立” 都只是文章的部分内容，不能涵盖全文主旨。
4. 答案：B
解析：根据 “The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this ‘well’ when it gets thirsty.” 可知，大象通过挖水坑帮助东非狒狒，B选项正确。A选项 “提供庇护所”、C选项 “指引道路”、D选项 “警告危险” 均不符合文意。
5. 答案：C
解析：从 “As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna (须) from time to time to make sure it’s still there.” 可知，虾在海里移动时会与虾虎鱼保持靠近，C选项正确。A选项 “从不游离家很远”、B选项 “时不时回家” 在文中未提及；D选项，虾用须是为了感知虾虎鱼的位置，而非辨别方向。
6. 答案：C
解析：东非狒狒 “In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near.”，花鹿 “in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger.”，它们的共同之处是都会警告朋友有危险，C选项正确。A选项 “它们有良好的视力”、B选项 “它们有良好的嗅觉” 在文中未提及；D选项 “它们和朋友住在一起” 不符合原文描述。
7. 答案：D
解析：文章主要介绍了大象和东非狒狒、虾虎鱼和虾、叶猴和花鹿之间的友谊，所以 “Friendships in the animal world”（动物世界的友谊）是最佳标题，D选项正确。A选项 “永远的好朋友”、B选项 “国际友谊日”、C选项 “爱屋及乌” 均不能准确概括文章内容。
8. 答案：C
解析：由 “Banksy is a man of mystery (神秘). He hardly ever gives interviews and likes to be anonymous (匿名的). Nobody knows much about his life or his background” 可知，Banksy很神秘是因为他可能在作品中使用笔名，让人难以了解他的真实身份，C选项正确。A选项 “他的作品主要以布里斯托尔为背景”、B选项 “他的作品没有得到普遍认可”、D选项 “他来自一个别人不熟悉的地区” 均不是他神秘的原因。
9. 答案：A
解析：根据 “A year after the Bristol exhibition, Banksy made a film called Exit Through the Gift Shop.” 以及 “the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009” 可知，这部电影是在2010年制作的，A选项正确。B选项 “它基于Banksy的真实故事”，文中提到 “Nobody knows if it was about a real artist or an invented character from Banksy’s imagination”；C选项 “它由Banksy导演并主演”，文中未提及主演信息；D选项 “它是为布里斯托尔展览拍摄的” 不符合原文。
10. 答案：C
解析：从 “Mike Crilley, the graffiti wall project organiser, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children.” 以及 “It’s illegal to paint on somebody else’s possessions, so make sure you find a legal graffiti wall like the one in Dundee if you want to have a go.” 可知，可以在Mike Crilley的工作坊里涂鸦，C选项正确。A选项 “在英国的任何墙上”、B选项 “在别人的外墙上” 都是不合法的；D选项 “在任何国有公园” 在文中未提及。
11. 答案：B
解析：文章主要介绍了世界著名涂鸦艺术家Banksy以及英国的涂鸦情况，重点是英国著名的涂鸦艺术家，B选项正确。A选项 “对涂鸦的不同看法”，文章未重点讨论；C选项 “Banksy最成功的涂鸦作品”，不是文章主要内容；D选项 “世界主要城市的涂鸦”，范围过大，文章主要围绕英国展开。
12. 答案：B
解析：根据 “Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records.” 可知，现在物种记录大多是电子形式，B选项正确。A选项 “它们正在过时”、C选项 “它们数量有限”、D选项 “它们用于公开展览” 均不符合原文。
13. 答案：C
解析：从 “‘These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ’ Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.” 可知，Daru的研究重点是观测数据，C选项正确。A选项 “受威胁的物种”、B选项 “物理标本”、D选项 “移动应用程序” 均不是研究重点。
14. 答案：C
解析：依据 “‘We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it’” 可知，不恰当的采样方式导致了数据偏差，C选项正确。A选项 “数据分析中的错误”、B选项 “上传图片质量差”、D选项 “不可靠的数据收集设备” 在文中均未提及。
15. 答案：D
解析：由 “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.” 可知，Daru建议生物多样性应用程序给公民科学家提供指导，D选项正确。A选项 “审查某些地区的数据”、B选项 “雇佣专家检查记录”、C选项 “确认用户的身份” 均不符合原文。
16. 答案：G
解析：文章接下来介绍了英国三个令人困惑的习俗的原因，G选项 “以下是英国三个更令人困惑的习俗的原因” 能够引出下文，符合语境。
17. 答案：C
解析：前文说英国人靠左行驶，后文解释了这种做法的原因，C选项 “这种不寻常的行为是有意义的” 能够承接上文，引出原因，符合语境。
18. 答案：E
解析：前文提到洗手池一个水龙头出热水，一个出冷水，E选项 “两者都会让洗手变得很不舒服” 符合描述这种情况的语境。
19. 答案：F
解析：前文说在茶里加牛奶是因为杯子受不了开水的热度，F选项 “这使杯子冷却到足以承受开水的温度” 解释了加牛奶的作用，符合语境。
20. 答案：B
解析：后文总结这些奇怪的做法都有合理的原因，B选项 “疯狂之中自有方法” 能够总结上文，符合语境。
三、完形填空
1. 答案：A
解析：根据后文 “We own a farm and our work... tending farm animals.” 可知，作者是当地的农民，A选项正确。B选项 “编辑”、C选项 “设计师”、D选项 “游客” 均不符合语境。
2. 答案：C
解析：前文说习惯了交通繁忙，后文提到封锁带来了安静，说明一切都改变了，C选项正确。A选项 “消失”、B选项 “恢复”、D选项 “生存” 均不符合文意。
3. 答案：B
解析：交通繁忙带来的是噪音，封锁让噪音暂时消失，作者感到放松，B选项正确。A选项 “辩论”、C选项 “挑战”、D选项 “联系” 均不符合语境。
4. 答案：D
解析：此处表示作者和家人住在Matterdale，D选项正确。A选项 “探索”、B选项 “徒步旅行”、C选项 “登记” 均不符合语境。
5. 答案：C
解析：作者一家的工作主要是照顾农场动物，focus on“专注于，主要从事”，C选项正确。A选项 “转向”、B选项 “导致”、D选项 “让步” 均不符合语境。
6. 答案：B
解析：后文提到游客的一些不良行为，如在门口停车、带着宠物狗穿过有羊羔的田地等，这些行为让作者感到烦恼，B选项正确。A选项 “破坏”、C选项 “受伤”、D选项 “害怕” 均不符合语境。
7. 答案：D
解析：没有游客这些不良行为，作者的农活会更轻松，D选项正确。A选项 “更窄”、B选项 “更难”、C选项 “更便宜” 均不符合语境。
8. 答案：A
解析：宠物狗奔跑会惊吓到羊羔，A选项正确。B选项 “打猎”、C选项 “打击”、D选项 “讲课” 均不符合语境。
9. 答案：B
解析：尽管作者有抱怨，但从不拒绝游客的到来，despite“尽管”，B选项正确。A选项 “由于”、C选项 “除了”、D选项 “关于” 均不符合语境。
10. 答案：B
解析：游客需要从繁忙的城市生活中得到休息，B选项正确。A选项 “救援”、C选项 “汗水”、D选项 “庇护所” 均不符合语境。
11. 答案：A
解析：作者所在的社区依赖旅游业收入，所以作者也需要游客，A选项正确。B选项 “推荐”、C选项 “更喜欢”、D选项 “影响” 均不符合语境。
12. 答案：C
解析：社区的收入来源于旅游业，C选项正确。A选项 “遗产”、B选项 “物种”、D选项 “自然” 均不符合语境。
13. 答案：D
解析：年轻的爸爸拉着孩子的手，hold“握住”，D选项正确。A选项 “欣赏”、B选项 “轻拍”、C选项 “摇晃” 均不符合语境。
14. 答案：D
解析：老人坐在阴凉处欣赏风景，admire“欣赏”，D选项正确。A选项 “描述”、B选项 “期待”、C选项 “比较” 均不符合语境。
15. 答案：B
解析：作者看到人们享受风景，感到自己在和他人分享这片风景，B选项正确。A选项 “改善”、C选项 “识别”、D选项 “保留” 均不符合语境。
16. 答案：A
解析：随着封锁限制的放宽，游客又回来了，relax“放宽”，A选项正确。B选项 “前进”、C选项 “淹没”、D选项 “复兴” 均不符合语境。
17. 答案：A
解析：作者希望和游客能快乐地共处，A选项正确。B选项 “创造性地”、C选项 “历史上地”、D选项 “合法地” 均不符合语境。
18. 答案：C
解析：作者希望游客尊重他们参观的社区，C选项正确。A选项 “威胁”、B选项 “警告”、D选项 “原谅” 均不符合语境。
19. 答案：C
解析：此处指参观这些地方所带来的责任，C选项正确。A选项 “建立”、B选项 “破坏”、D选项 “安排” 均不符合语境。
20. 答案：D
解析：游客的到来会让生活有点拥挤，但爱可以共存，D选项正确。A选项 “正式的”、B选项 “积极的”、C选项 “灾难性的” 均不符合语境。
四、语法填空
56. 答案：Made
解析：“be made of”表示“由……组成”，此处用过去分词短语作状语，故填Made。
57. 答案：to celebrate
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to celebrate。
58. 答案：is believed
解析：“be believed to do sth.”表示“被认为做某事”，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is believed。
59. 答案：varieties
解析：“varieties of”表示“各种各样的”，故填varieties。
60. 答案：its
解析：修饰名词“high water content”，用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
61. 答案：where
解析：此处是定语从句，先行词是“the Kalahari Desert”，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
62. 答案：went
解析：根据“In the past”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故填went。
63. 答案：directly
解析：修饰动词“eaten”，用副词，故填directly。
64. 答案：the
解析：此处特指水果厚厚的绿色外皮，用定冠词the，故填the。
65. 答案：as
解析：“serve as”表示“作为”，是固定短语，故填as。
五、书信写作
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a student from Hongxing Middle School. I'm outgoing and responsible. I once organized a sports related event successfully, which gave me rich experience in handling various situations. I'm really eager to be a volunteer for the school sports meeting. I believe I can contribute to making it a great success with my enthusiasm and skills. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
Dear friends,
I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here to introduce Yuanxiao, a traditional Chinese food.
Yuanxiao has a long history, dating back to ancient times. It is especially popular during the Lantern Festival. It symbolizes family reunion and happiness, carrying people's best wishes for a harmonious life.
Yuanxiao is usually made of glutinous rice flour and filled with sweet fillings like red bean paste. There are different ways to cook it. You can boil it in water, which is the most common way. The boiled Yuanxiao is soft and sweet. It can also be steamed or fried. Steamed Yuanxiao retains its original flavor, while fried Yuanxiao has a crispy outside.
I hope you can have a chance to taste Yuanxiao and experience the rich Chinese food culture.
Thanks for listening.
英语试卷
考生须知：
1．本卷满分150分，考试时间90分钟；
2．答题前，在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考证号并填涂相应数字。3．所有答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上无效
一、听力选择题
1. Which bus does Jack suggest taking to the sports centre
A．No.15. B．No.18. C．No.25.
2. What should people bring to the swimming pool
A．A towel. B．Soap. C．A swimming cap.
3. What can people buy at the sports centre
A．Fruit. B．Hamburgers. C．Sandwiches.
4. Where will the speakers probably eat today
A．At a Chinese restaurant. B．At a British restaurant. C．At a French restaurant.
5. What does the man come for
A．A lecture. B．A party. C．A meeting.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
6. Why does the woman choose the course
A．It is multi-task. B．It is cost-effective. C．It is time-consuming.
7. What is the man going to do
A．Plant a tree. B．Move his car. C．Check the map.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
8. Why does the woman call James
A．To pay her bill. B．To discuss the service. C．To confirm her monthly charge.
9. What did the man do last night
A．He went to a school. B．He talked with his friend. C．He saw a film on TV.
10. What does Kathy thank Dave for
A．Finding her a new job. B．Sending her a present. C．Calling on her mother.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
11. Where do the most seals live
A．In the oceans near the poles. B．In the Atlantic Ocean. C．In the Pacific Ocean.
12. What kind of environment do lions prefer
A．A hot and wet place. B．A cold and wet place. C．A dry and grassy place.
13. What is the main topic of the talk
A．Energy conservation.
B．New housing construction.
C．The number of bicycles and cars.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
14. Why did Marie post her kitchen gardening online at first
A．To keep records of her progress.
B．To sell home-grown vegetables.
C．To motivate her fellow gardeners.
15. Why does Marie recommend beginners to grow strawberries
A．They need no special care.
B．They can be used in cooking.
C．They bear a lot of fruit soon.
16. What is difficult for Marie to grow
A．Herbs. B．Carrots. C．Pears.
17. What is Marie's advice to those interested in kitchen gardening
A．Aim high. B．Keep focused. C．Stay optimistic.
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
18. What does the woman take when she goes shopping
A．A plastic bag.
B．A basket.
C．A cloth bag.
19. What is Johnson famous for
A．His acting talent. B．His humorous writing. C．His long sports career.
20. Why does the man have so many plastic bottles
A．He wants to create a better environment.
B．He wants to earn some pocket money.
C．He often buys bottled drinks.
阅读理解
A
Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally, in 1921,the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country.
In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.
For many years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and slower pace.
The Irish are famous for being warm-hearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived (复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.
1. What does the author tell us in paragraph 1
A．How the Irish fought against the English. B．How Ireland gained independence.
C．How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland. D．How two “Irelands” came into being.
2. What can we learn about Ireland from the text
A．Food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in population.
B．People are moving to the cities for lack of work in the countryside.
C．It is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory worker.
D．Different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments.
3. What can be the best title for the text
A．Life in Ireland B．A Very Difficult History
C．Ireland, Past and Present D．The Independence of Ireland
B
There’s nothing like having a best friend forever—that person who you can have fun with and talk to. July 30 is the International Day of Friendship. Maybe you can keep an eye out for a new friend to get to know. And while we’re talking about friends, don’t think humans are the only ones who know a thing or two about friendship. Check out these friendly animals in nature who help each other out.
An elephant and an olive baboon (东非狒狒) can be friends It sounds strange, but it’s true. You can find this pair of friends in the grasslands of Africa. This unusual pair helps each other out like any good friends would. The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this “well” when it gets thirsty. In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near. It climbs up to the treetops and calls out so its friend knows that it’s time to move on.
In the sea world, the goby fish (虾虎鱼) and the shrimp (虾) are well-known for their friendship. While the shrimp provides a home for the goby fish, the goby fish provides a guidance service for the almost blind shrimp. You see, the goby has great eyesight and stays close to the shrimp. As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna (须) from time to time to make sure it’s still there. If the goby senses danger, she will return to the home and the shrimp will follow.
The langur monkey has a very good friendship with the chital deer (花鹿). While the langur monkey eats in a tree, it drops leaves to the ground. This is good for the deer because sometimes there’s not much food. The deer will follow the monkey and eat whatever food is dropped. And in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger.
1. How can an elephant help an olive baboon
A．By offering a shelter. B．By digging a waterhole.
C．By guiding the way. D．By warning it of danger.
2. What does a shrimp do when moving around in the sea
A．It never swims far from its home. B．It goes home from time to time.
C．It stays close to the goby fish. D．It uses its antenna for directions.
3. What do the olive baboon and the chital deer have in common
A．They have good eyesight. B．They have a good sense of smell.
C．They warn their friends of danger. D．They live together with their friends.
4. What would be the best title for the text
A．Best friends forever B．The International Day of Friendship
C．Love me, love my dog D．Friendships in the animal world
C
Where do you expect to see graffiti (涂鸦) Probably not in a museum. Bristol Museum and Art Gallery, in the south-west of England, was the kind of place you went to see classical statues and stuffed animals in cases until the arrivals of the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009. The exhibition hosted more than 100 works by Banksy, one of the world’s most famous graffiti artists.
Banksy is a man of mystery (神秘). He hardly ever gives interviews and likes to be anonymous (匿名的). Nobody knows much about his life or his background but many people believe that his real name is either Robin Cunningham, Robert Banks or Robin Banks and that he was born in 1973 near Bristol.
Banksy’s questioned ‘street art’ includes paintings on live sheep and cows and graffiti on the huge wall put up to divide two areas. Brand Pitt spent over 82 million on a Bansky original. Banksy designed an album cover for the Britpop group Blur in 2003 but he has refused requests to do adverts for Nike. A year after the Bristol exhibition, Banksy made a film called Exit Through the Gift Shop. The film tells the story of a French street artist in America. Exit Through the Gift Shop received many positive reviews. Nobody knows if it was about a real artist or an invented character from Banksy’s imagination.
Bristol isn’t the only place in Britain to welcome graffiti. The DPM Park in Dundee, Scotland has the longest legal graffiti wall (almost 110m long) in the UK. Anyone can paint on the council-owned wall any time they like. Mike Crilley, the graffiti wall project organiser, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children.
Is everyone doing graffiti Can we do graffiti where we want these days Not exactly. It’s illegal to paint on somebody else’s possessions, so make sure you find a legal graffiti wall like the one in Dundee if you want to have a go.
1. Why is Banksy a man of mystery
A．His works are mainly set in Bristol. B．His works are not universally recognized.
C．He’s likely to use a penname in his works D．He comes from an area unfamilar to others.
2. What can be inferred about Exit Through the Gift Shop
A．It was produced in the year 2010. B．It was based on Banksy’s true story.
C．It was directed and starred by Banksy. D．It was filmed for the Bristol exhibition.
3. Where can you do graffiti according to the author
A．On any wall in the UK. B．On somebody’s outer wall.
C．In Mike Crilley’s workshops. D．In any nation-owned parks.
4. What does the passage mainly tell about
A．Different opinions on graffiti. B．Britain’s famous graffiti artist.
C．Banksy’s most successful graffiti. D．Graffiti in major cities in the world.
D
In the race to document the species on Earth before they go extinct, researchers and citizen scientists have collected billions of records. Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records. Though they are useful for detecting shifts in the number and variety of species in an area, a new Stanford study has found that this type of record is not perfect.
“With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of different species with the aid of a mobile application,” said Barnabas Daru, who is lead author of the study and assistant professor of biology in the Stanford School of Humanities and Sciences. “These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ”
Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.
Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover, these data are biased and favor certain regions, time periods, and species. This makes sense because the people who get observational biodiversity data on mobile devices are often citizen scientists recording their encounters with species in areas nearby. These data are also biased toward certain species with attractive or eye-catching features.
What can we do with the imperfect datasets of biodiversity
“Quite a lot,” Daru explained. “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well-sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.”
32. What do we know about the records of species collected now
A．They are becoming outdated. B．They are mostly in electronic form.
C．They are limited in number. D．They are used for public exhibition.
33. What does Daru’s study focus on
A．Threatened species. B．Physical specimens.
C．Observational data. D．Mobile applications.
34. What has led to the biases according to the study
A．Mistakes in data analysis. B．Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C．Improper way of sampling. D．Unreliable data collection devices.
35. What is Daru’s suggestion for biodiversity apps
A．Review data from certain areas. B．Hire experts to check the records.
C．Confirm the identity of the users. D．Give guidance to citizen scientists.
E
To an outsider，any culture can seem confusing.And the UK's got a thing or two that raises a few eyebrows.However，understand the why and things might be less puzzling. 1. .
In a world where 61％of nations drive on the right，Brits drive on the left.Why Most people think it goes back to Medieval，maybe even Roman times. 2. when you remember that right-handed people wear a sword on their left hip.Travelling on the left allowed you to keep your weapon arm toward your opponent，who would be on your right.This practice continued until the 18th century when a law was passed requiring all traffic crossing London Bridge to keep to the left.
Visitors to the UK that have just washed their hands in an old-fashioned sink might be wondering why one tap is only for hot water，the other cold. 3. .So，why this oddity It relates to a time when hot and cold water were kept separate to prevent pollution.Drinkable cold water came from a mains supply，but hot water came from attic tanks and was not considered suitable for consumption.So they were kept apart.
Millions of people drink tea worldwide，but the odd Brits put milk in theirs.Why This mysterious practice relates to the quality of china cup used in the 18th century when tea was first imposed.For the majority of Brits，the cups available couldn’t stand the heat of the boiling water and would break，so milk was added first. 4. .And this practical tweak soon became a national habit.
5. .As you can see，these odd Brits have perfectly clear reasons for left-hand driving，two-tap sinks and tea with milk.Even if they still seem strange，at least now you’re in the know.
A．This makes it difficult to improve
B．There is a method to the madness
C．This unusual behavior makes sense
D．You can know the origins of the practices
E．Either can make washing very uncomfortable
F．This cooled the cup enough to resist the boiling water
G．Here are the reasons for three of Britain’s more puzzling practices
完形填空
In March 2020, when I stood alone in the middle of the main road to the Lake District，it felt like the end of the world. As a local _______ , I’ve grown used to the heavy traffic. But suddenly, everything _______ . The lockdown(因疫情封锁)brought quietness to the area, and I did feel a sense of relief(放松)to be done with the _______ for a while.
Just off the main road is Matterdale, where I _______ with my family. We own a farm and our work _______ tending farm animals. Like many who live in tourist attractions, we have been _______ by some visitors. My farming would have been significantly _______ without people parking in gateways, walking through the fields of lambs(羊羔)with running pet dogs _______ them, or giving up their tents along the river.
_______ my complaints(抱怨), however, I would never refuse visitors’ presence. I do understand their need for ________ after months of busy city life. In fact, I think I ________ them too. Of course, communities like ours rely on the income that ________ creates. But to me, there is something more personal. I once took my kids to the lake. Near the shore, we saw boys and girls playing together. A young dad was ________ his kid’s hand as she tiptoed through the shallows(浅水处). An elderly couple were sitting in the shade, ________ the view. I found myself content knowing that I was ________ this landscape(景色)with others.
As lockdown restrictions(限制)have ________ and visitors started to come back, I wonder how we can coexist ________ . For those who are reading this, I hope that my words can encourage you to ________ the communities you visit, and understand the responsibilities that come with ________ those places. Our love can coexist, even if it sometimes makes life a little ________ .
1.
A．farmer B．editor C．designer D．tourist
2.
A．disappeared B．recovered C．changed D．survived
3.
A．debate B．noise C．challenge D．contact
4.
A．explore B．hike C．register D．live
5.
A．turns to B．leads to C．focuses on D．gives way to
6.
A．destroyed B．annoyed C．injured D．frightened
7.
A．narrower B．harder C．cheaper D．easier
8.
A．scaring B．hunting C．striking D．lecturing
9.
A．Due to B．Despite C．Other than D．With regard to
10.
A．rescue B．rest C．sweat D．shelter
11.
A．need B．recommend C．prefer D．affect
12.
A．heritage B．species C．tourism D．nature
13.
A．appreciating B．tapping C．shaking D．holding
14.
A．describing B．expecting C．comparing D．admiring
15.
A．improving B．sharing C．identifying D．reserving
16.
A．relaxed B．advanced C．flooded D．revived
17.
A．happily B．creatively C．historically D．legally
18.
A．threaten B．alarm C．respect D．forgive
19.
A．establishing B．damaging C．visiting D．arranging
20.
A．formal B．positive C．disastrous D．crowded
语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
August 3rd is Watermelon Day, an annual holiday that celebrates everyone’s favorite summer fruit. 56 (make) of almost 92% water, the fruit is full of vitamin A and vitamin C and antioxidants (抗氧化剂). So what are you waiting for Get yourself a few slices of watermelon 57 (celebrate) this delicious holiday.
Watermelon is an ancient food that 58 (believe) to have originated in Africa. Historians have found evidence of watermelon planting as far back as 4,000 years ago. Today, 59 (variety) of the fruit are grown in warm parts of the world.
Because of 60 (it) high water content, watermelon is a kind of thirst -quenching (解渴的) fruit. In fact, in the Kalahari Desert, 61 watermelon is called “tsamma”, it is one of the main sources of water during the dry, hot season. In the past, people 62 (go) across the desert only during a good tsamma season.
Some studies have shown that the antioxidants in watermelon can reduce the risk of some types of cancer. Moreover, all parts of the fruit are eatable. Its flesh can be eaten 63 (direct) or juiced. In many parts of the world, 64 thick green outer covering of the fruit serves 65 a dish, and its seeds are dried, roasted and enjoyed like nuts.
五、书信写作
66. 你们学校的运动会将如期举行，目前正在招募志愿者。假如你是李华，红星中学的一名学生，希望能成为其中一员，请用英文给组委会写一封申请信，内容包括：
1. 个人介绍；
2. 自身优势；
3. 强烈意愿。
注意：1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Sir/Madam,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
67. 假定你是李华，在英国一所中学做交换生，现在要参加一个以“Food & Culture”为主题的演讲活动。你准备介绍一种中国传统食物——元宵。请从元宵的历史、寓意及做法等方面写一篇演讲稿。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；
3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：蒸steam 炸fry 煮boil
Dear friends,
I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for listening.
答案
一、听力选择题
略
二、阅读理解
1. 答案：D
解析：第一段主要讲述了爱尔兰的历史，包括英国统治者对爱尔兰的征服以及爱尔兰的独立过程，最终形成了如今两个 “爱尔兰” 的局面，D选项 “两个‘爱尔兰’是如何形成的” 正确。A选项 “爱尔兰人如何反抗英国人”、B选项 “爱尔兰如何获得独立”、C选项 “英国统治者如何试图征服爱尔兰” 都只是部分内容，不全面。
2. 答案：A
解析：根据第二段 “In the 1840s, the main crop, potatoes, were affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger... As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.” 可知，19世纪40年代的食物短缺导致了人口下降，A选项正确。B选项，文中说越来越多人搬到城市工作，但未提及是因为农村缺乏工作；C选项，文中未比较农民和工厂工人谋生的难易程度；D选项，根据 “Different areas have different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments.” 可知，并非所有古老的爱尔兰歌曲都使用乐器演唱。
3. 答案：C
解析：文章既介绍了爱尔兰的历史，如过去的战争、饥荒等，又介绍了现在的情况，如人们的生活方式、文化等，C选项 “爱尔兰的过去与现在” 能全面概括文章内容，适合作为标题。A选项 “爱尔兰的生活”、B选项 “一段艰难的历史”、D选项 “爱尔兰的独立” 都只是文章的部分内容，不能涵盖全文主旨。
4. 答案：B
解析：根据 “The elephant uses its front teeth to make a waterhole in the sand, and it lets the olive baboon have a drink from this ‘well’ when it gets thirsty.” 可知，大象通过挖水坑帮助东非狒狒，B选项正确。A选项 “提供庇护所”、C选项 “指引道路”、D选项 “警告危险” 均不符合文意。
5. 答案：C
解析：从 “As the shrimp moves around, the shrimp is feeling the goby with its antenna (须) from time to time to make sure it’s still there.” 可知，虾在海里移动时会与虾虎鱼保持靠近，C选项正确。A选项 “从不游离家很远”、B选项 “时不时回家” 在文中未提及；D选项，虾用须是为了感知虾虎鱼的位置，而非辨别方向。
6. 答案：C
解析：东非狒狒 “In return, the baboon tells the elephant when danger is near.”，花鹿 “in return, when the monkey comes down from the tree, the deer will put its foot down heavily to tell the monkey if it senses danger.”，它们的共同之处是都会警告朋友有危险，C选项正确。A选项 “它们有良好的视力”、B选项 “它们有良好的嗅觉” 在文中未提及；D选项 “它们和朋友住在一起” 不符合原文描述。
7. 答案：D
解析：文章主要介绍了大象和东非狒狒、虾虎鱼和虾、叶猴和花鹿之间的友谊，所以 “Friendships in the animal world”（动物世界的友谊）是最佳标题，D选项正确。A选项 “永远的好朋友”、B选项 “国际友谊日”、C选项 “爱屋及乌” 均不能准确概括文章内容。
8. 答案：C
解析：由 “Banksy is a man of mystery (神秘). He hardly ever gives interviews and likes to be anonymous (匿名的). Nobody knows much about his life or his background” 可知，Banksy很神秘是因为他可能在作品中使用笔名，让人难以了解他的真实身份，C选项正确。A选项 “他的作品主要以布里斯托尔为背景”、B选项 “他的作品没有得到普遍认可”、D选项 “他来自一个别人不熟悉的地区” 均不是他神秘的原因。
9. 答案：A
解析：根据 “A year after the Bristol exhibition, Banksy made a film called Exit Through the Gift Shop.” 以及 “the ‘Banksy Versus the Bristol Museum’ exhibition in 2009” 可知，这部电影是在2010年制作的，A选项正确。B选项 “它基于Banksy的真实故事”，文中提到 “Nobody knows if it was about a real artist or an invented character from Banksy’s imagination”；C选项 “它由Banksy导演并主演”，文中未提及主演信息；D选项 “它是为布里斯托尔展览拍摄的” 不符合原文。
10. 答案：C
解析：从 “Mike Crilley, the graffiti wall project organiser, promotes the positive side of graffiti and runs workshops for local children.” 以及 “It’s illegal to paint on somebody else’s possessions, so make sure you find a legal graffiti wall like the one in Dundee if you want to have a go.” 可知，可以在Mike Crilley的工作坊里涂鸦，C选项正确。A选项 “在英国的任何墙上”、B选项 “在别人的外墙上” 都是不合法的；D选项 “在任何国有公园” 在文中未提及。
11. 答案：B
解析：文章主要介绍了世界著名涂鸦艺术家Banksy以及英国的涂鸦情况，重点是英国著名的涂鸦艺术家，B选项正确。A选项 “对涂鸦的不同看法”，文章未重点讨论；C选项 “Banksy最成功的涂鸦作品”，不是文章主要内容；D选项 “世界主要城市的涂鸦”，范围过大，文章主要围绕英国展开。
12. 答案：B
解析：根据 “Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of photos, videos, and other digital records.” 可知，现在物种记录大多是电子形式，B选项正确。A选项 “它们正在过时”、C选项 “它们数量有限”、D选项 “它们用于公开展览” 均不符合原文。
13. 答案：C
解析：从 “‘These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens (标本), and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change, I wanted to know: Are they usable ’ Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.” 可知，Daru的研究重点是观测数据，C选项正确。A选项 “受威胁的物种”、B选项 “物理标本”、D选项 “移动应用程序” 均不是研究重点。
14. 答案：C
解析：依据 “‘We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it’” 可知，不恰当的采样方式导致了数据偏差，C选项正确。A选项 “数据分析中的错误”、B选项 “上传图片质量差”、D选项 “不可靠的数据收集设备” 在文中均未提及。
15. 答案：D
解析：由 “Biodiversity apps can use our study results to inform users of oversampled areas and lead them to places — and even species — that are not well sampled. To improve the quality of observational data, biodiversity apps can also encourage users to have an expert confirm the identification of their uploaded image.” 可知，Daru建议生物多样性应用程序给公民科学家提供指导，D选项正确。A选项 “审查某些地区的数据”、B选项 “雇佣专家检查记录”、C选项 “确认用户的身份” 均不符合原文。
16. 答案：G
解析：文章接下来介绍了英国三个令人困惑的习俗的原因，G选项 “以下是英国三个更令人困惑的习俗的原因” 能够引出下文，符合语境。
17. 答案：C
解析：前文说英国人靠左行驶，后文解释了这种做法的原因，C选项 “这种不寻常的行为是有意义的” 能够承接上文，引出原因，符合语境。
18. 答案：E
解析：前文提到洗手池一个水龙头出热水，一个出冷水，E选项 “两者都会让洗手变得很不舒服” 符合描述这种情况的语境。
19. 答案：F
解析：前文说在茶里加牛奶是因为杯子受不了开水的热度，F选项 “这使杯子冷却到足以承受开水的温度” 解释了加牛奶的作用，符合语境。
20. 答案：B
解析：后文总结这些奇怪的做法都有合理的原因，B选项 “疯狂之中自有方法” 能够总结上文，符合语境。
三、完形填空
1. 答案：A
解析：根据后文 “We own a farm and our work... tending farm animals.” 可知，作者是当地的农民，A选项正确。B选项 “编辑”、C选项 “设计师”、D选项 “游客” 均不符合语境。
2. 答案：C
解析：前文说习惯了交通繁忙，后文提到封锁带来了安静，说明一切都改变了，C选项正确。A选项 “消失”、B选项 “恢复”、D选项 “生存” 均不符合文意。
3. 答案：B
解析：交通繁忙带来的是噪音，封锁让噪音暂时消失，作者感到放松，B选项正确。A选项 “辩论”、C选项 “挑战”、D选项 “联系” 均不符合语境。
4. 答案：D
解析：此处表示作者和家人住在Matterdale，D选项正确。A选项 “探索”、B选项 “徒步旅行”、C选项 “登记” 均不符合语境。
5. 答案：C
解析：作者一家的工作主要是照顾农场动物，focus on“专注于，主要从事”，C选项正确。A选项 “转向”、B选项 “导致”、D选项 “让步” 均不符合语境。
6. 答案：B
解析：后文提到游客的一些不良行为，如在门口停车、带着宠物狗穿过有羊羔的田地等，这些行为让作者感到烦恼，B选项正确。A选项 “破坏”、C选项 “受伤”、D选项 “害怕” 均不符合语境。
7. 答案：D
解析：没有游客这些不良行为，作者的农活会更轻松，D选项正确。A选项 “更窄”、B选项 “更难”、C选项 “更便宜” 均不符合语境。
8. 答案：A
解析：宠物狗奔跑会惊吓到羊羔，A选项正确。B选项 “打猎”、C选项 “打击”、D选项 “讲课” 均不符合语境。
9. 答案：B
解析：尽管作者有抱怨，但从不拒绝游客的到来，despite“尽管”，B选项正确。A选项 “由于”、C选项 “除了”、D选项 “关于” 均不符合语境。
10. 答案：B
解析：游客需要从繁忙的城市生活中得到休息，B选项正确。A选项 “救援”、C选项 “汗水”、D选项 “庇护所” 均不符合语境。
11. 答案：A
解析：作者所在的社区依赖旅游业收入，所以作者也需要游客，A选项正确。B选项 “推荐”、C选项 “更喜欢”、D选项 “影响” 均不符合语境。
12. 答案：C
解析：社区的收入来源于旅游业，C选项正确。A选项 “遗产”、B选项 “物种”、D选项 “自然” 均不符合语境。
13. 答案：D
解析：年轻的爸爸拉着孩子的手，hold“握住”，D选项正确。A选项 “欣赏”、B选项 “轻拍”、C选项 “摇晃” 均不符合语境。
14. 答案：D
解析：老人坐在阴凉处欣赏风景，admire“欣赏”，D选项正确。A选项 “描述”、B选项 “期待”、C选项 “比较” 均不符合语境。
15. 答案：B
解析：作者看到人们享受风景，感到自己在和他人分享这片风景，B选项正确。A选项 “改善”、C选项 “识别”、D选项 “保留” 均不符合语境。
16. 答案：A
解析：随着封锁限制的放宽，游客又回来了，relax“放宽”，A选项正确。B选项 “前进”、C选项 “淹没”、D选项 “复兴” 均不符合语境。
17. 答案：A
解析：作者希望和游客能快乐地共处，A选项正确。B选项 “创造性地”、C选项 “历史上地”、D选项 “合法地” 均不符合语境。
18. 答案：C
解析：作者希望游客尊重他们参观的社区，C选项正确。A选项 “威胁”、B选项 “警告”、D选项 “原谅” 均不符合语境。
19. 答案：C
解析：此处指参观这些地方所带来的责任，C选项正确。A选项 “建立”、B选项 “破坏”、D选项 “安排” 均不符合语境。
20. 答案：D
解析：游客的到来会让生活有点拥挤，但爱可以共存，D选项正确。A选项 “正式的”、B选项 “积极的”、C选项 “灾难性的” 均不符合语境。
四、语法填空
56. 答案：Made
解析：“be made of”表示“由……组成”，此处用过去分词短语作状语，故填Made。
57. 答案：to celebrate
解析：此处用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to celebrate。
58. 答案：is believed
解析：“be believed to do sth.”表示“被认为做某事”，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is believed。
59. 答案：varieties
解析：“varieties of”表示“各种各样的”，故填varieties。
60. 答案：its
解析：修饰名词“high water content”，用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
61. 答案：where
解析：此处是定语从句，先行词是“the Kalahari Desert”，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。
62. 答案：went
解析：根据“In the past”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，故填went。
63. 答案：directly
解析：修饰动词“eaten”，用副词，故填directly。
64. 答案：the
解析：此处特指水果厚厚的绿色外皮，用定冠词the，故填the。
65. 答案：as
解析：“serve as”表示“作为”，是固定短语，故填as。
五、书信写作
Dear Sir/Madam,
I'm Li Hua, a student from Hongxing Middle School. I'm outgoing and responsible. I once organized a sports related event successfully, which gave me rich experience in handling various situations. I'm really eager to be a volunteer for the school sports meeting. I believe I can contribute to making it a great success with my enthusiasm and skills. Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
六、书面表达
Dear friends,
I'm Li Hua. I feel greatly honored to be here to introduce Yuanxiao, a traditional Chinese food.
Yuanxiao has a long history, dating back to ancient times. It is especially popular during the Lantern Festival. It symbolizes family reunion and happiness, carrying people's best wishes for a harmonious life.
Yuanxiao is usually made of glutinous rice flour and filled with sweet fillings like red bean paste. There are different ways to cook it. You can boil it in water, which is the most common way. The boiled Yuanxiao is soft and sweet. It can also be steamed or fried. Steamed Yuanxiao retains its original flavor, while fried Yuanxiao has a crispy outside.
I hope you can have a chance to taste Yuanxiao and experience the rich Chinese food culture.
Thanks for listening.