unit 6 starting out and understanding ideas 测试题（含答案与解析）新外研版必修二

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
book 2 unit 6 starting out and understanding ideas
课时同步练习
一、单句语法填空
1．It goes that monk named Li Tian created fireworks around 1400 years ago by packing gunpowder into bamboo tubes (scare) off evil spirits.
2．As the impact of human activities continues, the list of species in danger of (extinct) becomes longer.
3． (fortunate), everything worked out all right in the end.
4．The (extinct) of certain species is a major concern for environmentalists.
5．Due his efforts, he was admitted into a key university.
6．When it all gets too much, your parents are often the first (target) of your anger.
7． (fin) the sharks will lead to their death eventually.
8．Recently, the app (target) teenagers as its users.
9．He threw a stone (scare) the dog away.
10．They scared him into (hand) over the money.
二、阅读理解
A
“Big Tree,” an old southern live oak, sits in a park just outside Orlando’s business district. It’s been struck by lightning at least three times and has survived many hurricanes — and it grew from a seed around the same time Juan Ponce de León’s ship first landed on Florida’s eastern coast.
Over 400 years old, the tree is so impressive that members of a Michigan-based nonprofit flew to Orlando in February to climb the tree and cut branches and leaves. The researchers are now in the midst of the process to grow new roots from the cuttings. The reason: To clone the historic tree, store its DNA and plant potentially thousands of cloned trees across the Southeast.
In order to clone an ancient tree, researchers must climb it to find a piece of live tissue. The freshly cut branches and leaves are taken to the group’s lab in Michigan, where, in climate-controlled rooms, researchers work to promote growth from the cuttings.
The most common method is by rooted cuttings. In this method, a tip of a tree’s branch is dipped (蘸) into hormones, placed into a foam plug (泡沫塞) and set inside a mist room. Then, the waiting begins. A sign of life can take several months to a year to show, if one comes at all. In another method called tissue culture, researchers take a quarter-inch of branch, dip it into a mixture made up of a dozen hormones and other chemicals, seal(密封) it in a container and wait to see whether it will grow roots.
Experts ‘lauded the group for its creative methods and reproduction in large numbers, but they doubt whether the clones will grow as the originals do. Scott Merkle, a professor of forest biology at the University of Georgia, said, “There are so many variables that there’s no certainty that they will be able to survive and perform better than other trees that you plant on the same land”. He added that the age of historic trees makes them difficult to study. “I think it’s a great thing that they’re doing…I just don’t know how realistic it is.”
11．According to the passage, what do the researchers aim to do
A．To clone an ancient tree from its original.
B．To save thousands of trees across the Southeast.
C．To analyse the effects of climate on tree growth.
D．To study the reason for the survival of “Big Tree”.
12．What do we know about the two methods mentioned in paragraph 4
A．Tissue culture is the most frequently used method.
B．There is a chance that the branch will fail to grow roots.
C．In the first method the live tissue is sealed in a container.
D．A mixture of hormones and other chemicals is needed in both methods.
13．What does the underlined word “lauded” in paragraph 5 mean
A．Joined. B．Charged. C．Praised. D．Contacted.
14．What’s Scott Merkle’s attitude to the group’s work
A．Cautious. B．Critical. C．Approving. D．Unclear.
B
Every kid loves dandelions (蒲公英). Blow on the soft white head and seeds fly everywhere.
Dandelion seeds can travel for miles before finally floating down and settling somewhere new. But without the help of children, the seeds still fly away and researchers recently discovered how the plants decide to spread.
Each seed is tied to about 100 short hairs, which are combined to form a parachute-like top to help the seeds move. When the seeds come unattached from the head of the flower, the parachute (降落伞) hairs catch a ride on the wind, carrying the seeds away.
“We noticed that the dandelion parachute is closed in foggy mornings but then open again when the sun is up during the day,” study author Naomi Nakayama says. “So we wanted to know how this closure of the parachute affects the flight.”
This hairy parachute closes when the air is humid (湿热的) , which often means the wind is weak. In drier, more windy conditions, dandelions widen their parachutes to better catch the wind so the seeds can fly freely. “The dandelion uses a group of hairs to increase air drag (空气阻力) and aid its flight,” says Nakayama. “Unlike insects or birds, they don’t need any energy input to fly a long distance — even hundred of kilometers — they simply catch the wind.”
In their new research, scientists have found the “decisions” that the plants make when to open and close. Researchers uncovered the parachutes open and close using something like an actuator, a device that changes energy and signals into movement. But this actuator doesn’t use any energy. The middle of the dandelion’s parachute is able to sense the amount of humidity by taking in water in the air. Using signals about humidity information, they either open their parachutes and fly off or they close them and stay where they are.
15．What does the underlined word “help” in Paragraph 2 refer to
A．Planting the dandelions. B．Catching the flying seeds.
C．Picking up the fallen leaves. D．Blowing the head of the flower.
16．What can we learn about dandelion seeds
A．They can be heavy. B．They can travel by wind.
C．They’re parachute-shaped. D．They’re protected by hairs.
17．What happens to the dandelion parachute on a sunny windy day
A．It gets weak. B．It dries out. C．It opens wide. D．It grows fast.
18．What can be a suitable title for the text
A．Flying Flowers B．Strange Plants C．Journey of Seeds D．Dandelions’ Decision
三．七选五
How to Start a Garden in 2024
Gardening is a powerful outlet for creativity, enabling you to surround yourself with beauty. It can provide homegrown food for your family, keep you in touch with nature and is also an invaluable form of exercise. In short, gardening is beneficial to both body and soul. 19 .
It all starts with good soil.
Whatever you’re growing, fertile soil is the key. 20 . It promotes root development, supplying nutrients for plant growth.
Grow vegetables that keep on giving.
21 , choose ones you can harvest more than once. Lettuce and basil are quick and easy to grow. They’ll replace their leaves every time you cut them. Vegetables like these mean continuous harvests, which is huge for keeping spirits high.
22 .
Some plants will grow tall and some will grow closer to the ground. Tall plants will shade shorter plants and prevent them getting needed sunshine. Also, give little seedlings plenty of room to stretch and grow. If they grow too close together, don’t be afraid to thin seedlings.
Save money with seeds and cuttings.
Buying all of your plants from the garden center is expensive. 23 . Reach out to friends and family who garden and ask them to share spare seeds with you. Also check to see if they have any plants you can take cuttings from. It takes longer than buying young plants, but it is definitely more satisfying and you will learn so much.
A．If you need some help
B．Size up your growing space
C．If you’re a newcomer
D．Here are some essential tips for beginners in gardening
E．Choose a container size appropriate for what you are growing
F．Investing in rich soil initially create s a suitable environment
G．However, you can grow a huge range of plants from seeds or cuttings
四、完形填空
When I was a little boy, I lived in my grandma’s old house. It was 24 by four huge vegetable gardens, and around the house were planted so many 25 . On the back porch, Grandma had dozens of potted (盆栽的) plants hanging on hooks (挂钩). She 26 them, and talked to them. With a little water and a lot of 27 she kept them alive, green, and growing even during the coldest, darkest months.
As a little boy, I was confused by all the effort she 28 them. I understood the vegetable gardens for they helped to 29 the family all winter long. I 30 understood the flowers around the house as they were pretty and smelled so sweet in the summer months. The reason why she 31 to those potted plants with so much effort, however, made me feel 32 a lot. They didn’t give us any food and they 33 had any flowers on them. They remained an unknown to my mind as a(n) 34 .
Now as I’ve grown older, I am beginning to 35 why my grandma had those potted plants. It is the same reason why I have so many pictures of sunrises and forests 36 in my home. They remind me of the dark cold winter months 37 of bare trees and yellow grass when light, love and growth still exist. But my greatest 38 of light and love was Grandma herself, who was light to my soul even in my darkest times.
24．A．threatened B．torn C．surrounded D．destroyed
25．A．flowers B．potatoes C．tomatoes D．carrots
26．A．discovered B．sold C．watered D．forgot
27．A．honesty B．love C．strength D．courage
28．A．put into B．looked into C．ran into D．turned into
29．A．identify B．manage C．defend D．feed
30．A．rather B．even C．still D．never
31．A．led B．referred C．tended D．pointed
32．A．disappointed B．worried C．awkward D．puzzled
33．A．casually B．hardly C．entirely D．secretly
34．A．child B．doctor C．parent D．artist
35．A．question B．concern C．challenge D．understand
36．A．taking B．hanging C．expanding D．spotting
37．A．free B．worthy C．full D．aware
38．A．achievement B．doubt C．lie D．reminder
五．语法填空
In many urban Chinese offices, a trend (趋势) is gaining popularity among young professionals. The trend 39 (know) as “office farming” involves growing fruit-bearing plants such as bananas and pineapples right at their desks. 40 (particular), these fruits, which often come with half-ripened (半熟的) fruits, are easy to care for, as they require just regular water changes and nutrient (营养的) additions.
This trend is not just about 41 (decorate); it is also about functionality. These beautiful plants can produce fruits, 42 adds an interesting element to the usual office environment. As 43 result, these desk gardens quickly become office attractions, 44 (offer) a unique way to break the ice and foster social interactions (相互作用) among colleagues.
The appeal of these fruit-bearing plants is evident on social media platforms, where thousands of these plants 45 (sell). This trend connects China’s farming traditions 46 modern city life. It also reflects broader social trends. Office workers seek to relieve the stresses of long working hours and 47 (difficulty) environments by taking part in more calming and nature-oriented activities. As the practice grows, more workers are considering increasing their indoor gardens and adding more variety to their collection of plants 48 (bring) a sense of happiness to their office surroundings.
六、书信写作
49．假设你是李华，你们班计划与新西兰姊妹学校的某个班级进行一场在线交流，主题是“校园常见植物”。请你代表班级写一封邮件给对方班长 Hans，内容包括：
1. 告知相关事宜(时间、 内容)； 2. 征求意见。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节， 以使行文连贯。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1．to scare
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：据说，大约1400年前，一位名叫李畋的道士通过将火药装进竹筒中来吓跑邪灵，从而制造了烟花。这里表示的是目的，所以应用不定式作目的状语。故填to scare。
2．extinction
【详解】考查名词。句意：随着人类活动的持续影响，面临灭绝危险的物种名单变得更长。空前是介词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，extinct的名词形式是extinction。故填extinction。
3．Fortunately
【详解】考查副词。句意：幸运的是，最后一切都解决了。使用副词作状语修饰后面的句子，需要的词义为“幸运地”，为fortunately，空格位于句首，故填Fortunately。
4．extinction
【详解】考查名词。句意：某些物种的灭绝是环保主义者关心的主要问题。分析句子可知，空处缺少名词作主语，extinct对应的名词为extinction，为不可数名词。故填extinction。
5．to
【详解】考查介词。句意：由于他的努力，他被一所重点大学录取了。表示“由于，因为”短语为due to，故填to。
6．targets
【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：当一切变得太过分时，你的父母往往是你愤怒的第一个目标。由your parents 可知，空格处用复数，故填targets。
7．Finning
【详解】考查动名词。句意：割掉鲨鱼的鳍最终会导致它们死亡。分析提示词可知，fin有两个词性，名词是“鱼鳍”，动词是“割掉鱼鳍”，分析句意，此处是动词的意思；再分析句式结构可知，空格处是主语的位置，所以用提示词的动名词形式Finning作主语，且位于句首的单词首字母要大写。故填Finning。
8．has targeted
【详解】考查动词。句意：最近，这款应用瞄准了青少年用户。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，句中recently为现在完成时时间标志，句子的主语为app是第三人称单数。故填has targeted。
9．to scare
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他扔了一块石头把狗吓跑。此处作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to scare。
10．handing
【详解】考查动名词。句意：他们威胁他交出了钱。scare sb. into doing sth.意为“威胁某人做某事，恐吓某人做某事”，动名词作介词into的宾语。故填handing。
11．A 12．B 13．C 14．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。坐落在奥兰多商业区外的一个公园里的一棵古老的南方橡树已有400多年的历史，目前，研究人员在树上剪下树枝和树叶，将其带到该团队位于密歇根州的实验室，目的是克隆这棵历史悠久的树，储存它的 DNA。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段中“The researchers are now in the midst of the process to grow new roots from the cuttings. The reason: To clone the historic tree, store its DNA and plant potentially thousands of cloned trees across the Southeast.(研究人员目前正在从插枝上培育新根。原因是：为了克隆这棵历史悠久的树，储存它的 DNA，并在东南部种植数千棵克隆树)”可知，研究人员的目的是从原树中克隆一棵古树。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据第四段“The most common method is by rooted cuttings. In this method, a tip of a tree’s branch is dipped ( 蘸) into hormones, placed into a foam plug ( 泡沫塞) and set inside a mist room. Then, the waiting begins. A sign of life can take several months to a year to show, if one comes at all. In another method called tissue culture, researchers take a quarter-inch of branch, dip it into a mixture made up of a dozen hormones and other chemicals, seal(密封) it in a container and wait to see whether it will grow roots.(最常见的方法是生根扦插。在这种方法中，将树枝的尖端浸入激素中，放入泡沫塞中，并放置在雾室中。然后，等待就开始了。如果有的话，生命迹象可能需要几个月到一年的时间才会显现。在另一种称为组织培养的方法中，研究人员取四分之一英寸长的树枝，将其浸入由十几种激素和其他化学物质组成的混合物中，将其密封在容器中，然后等待看它是否会生根。)”可知，在描述这两种方法时，作者用了“if one comes at all(如果有的话)”和“whether it will grow roots(是否会生根)”等字眼，由此可推知，这两种方法都有可能导致树枝无法生根。故选B。
13．词句猜测题。根据划线单词所在句子“Experts ‘lauded the group for its creative methods and reproduction in large numbers, but they doubt whether the clones will grow as the originals do.(专家们对该组织的创新方法和大量繁殖表示lauded，但他们怀疑克隆体是否会像原代植物那样生长。)”中的but可知，前后是转折关系，虽然专家们对克隆体是否会像原代植物那样生长表示怀疑，但是他们对该组织的创新方法和大量繁殖表示称赞，划线单词表示“称赞”，与C项“Praised.(赞美)”意思相近，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据最后一段Scott Merkle所说的话“He added that the age of historic trees makes them difficult to study. “I think it’s a great thing that they’re doing…I just don’t know how realistic it is.”(他补充说，古树的年龄使得研究它们变得困难。“我认为他们正在做的事情很棒……我只是不知道这有多现实。”)”可知，Scott Merkle对这一团队的工作表示赞美，同时他也表示了自己的担忧，由此可推知，他的态度是谨慎的，故选A。
15．D 16．B 17．C 18．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是蒲公英种子的传播机制，特别是蒲公英如何利用其独特的“降落伞”结构（由短毛组成）来适应不同的环境条件，以便有效地通过风进行传播。
15．词句猜测题。根据第一段“Every kid loves dandelions (蒲公英). Blow on the soft white head and seeds fly everywhere.(每个孩子都喜欢蒲公英。吹在柔软的白头上，种子飞得到处都是。)”，第二段“of children(孩子们的)”和“the seeds still fly away(种子仍然会飞走)”可知，孩子们的帮助是吹蒲公英的头，help指的是“Blowing the head of the flower”。故选D。
16．细节理解题。根据第三段“When the seeds come unattached from the head of the flower, the parachute (降落伞) hairs catch a ride on the wind, carrying the seeds away.(当种子从花头上脱落下来时，伞毛就会乘着风，把种子带走。)”可知，蒲公英种子可以乘风旅行。故选B。
17．细节理解题。根据第四段“We noticed that the dandelion parachute is closed in foggy mornings but then open again when the sun is up during the day(我们注意到蒲公英降落伞在有雾的早晨关闭，但在白天太阳升起时又打开)”和倒数第二段“In drier, more windy conditions, dandelions widen their parachutes to better catch the wind so the seeds can fly freely.(在更干燥、多风的环境中，蒲公英会扩大它们的降落伞，以便更好地抓住风，这样种子就可以自由地飞行。)”可知，蒲公英降落伞在晴朗多风的日子里会开得很大。故选C。
18．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“In their new research, scientists have found the “decisions” that the plants make when to open and close. Researchers uncovered the parachutes open and close using something like an actuator, a device that changes energy and signals into movement. But this actuator doesn’t use any energy. The middle of the dandelion’s parachute is able to sense the amount of humidity by taking in water in the air. Using signals about humidity information, they either open their parachutes and fly off or they close them and stay where they are.(在他们的新研究中，科学家们发现了植物何时打开和关闭的“决定”。研究人员发现，降落伞的打开和关闭使用的是类似执行器的东西，这是一种将能量和信号转化为运动的装置。但是这个驱动器不使用任何能量。蒲公英降落伞的中部能够通过吸收空气中的水分来感知湿度的大小。利用有关湿度信息的信号，它们要么打开降落伞飞出去，要么关上降落伞呆在原地。)”可知，本文主要讲的是蒲公英种子的传播机制，特别是蒲公英如何利用其独特的“降落伞”结构（由短毛组成）来适应不同的环境条件，以便有效地通过风进行传播，再由最后一段中的““decisions” that the plants make(植物做出的“决定”)”可知，本文最恰当的题目是D选项“Dandelions’ Decision(蒲公英的决定)”。故选D。
19．D 20．F 21．C 22．B 23．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何进行园艺的一些建议。
19．设空位于首段段尾，应是点出主题，引出下文，根据前文“Gardening is a powerful outlet for creativity, enabling you to surround yourself with beauty. It can provide homegrown food for your family, keep you in touch with nature and is also an invaluable form of exercise. In short, gardening is beneficial to both body and soul.(园艺是发挥创造力的有力途径，能让你置身于美之中。它可以为你的家人提供自制的食物，让你与大自然保持联系，也是一种宝贵的锻炼方式。简而言之，园艺对身体和灵魂都有益。)”以及下文中的小标题可知，本文主要讲述进行园艺的一些建议，D项“Here are some essential tips for beginners in gardening(这里有一些对园艺初学者必不可少的建议。)”符合本文主题，并引出下文。故选D项。
20．根据前文“Whatever you’re growing, fertile soil is the key.(无论你种什么，肥沃的土壤是关键。)”可知，本段主要讲述了，学习园艺，土壤是关键，所以F项“Investing in rich soil initially create s a suitable environment(最初投资于肥沃的土壤会创造一个适宜的环境。)”符合本段主题，其中soil为同词复现。故选F项。
21．根据后文“Lettuce and basil are quick and easy to grow. They’ll replace their leaves every time you cut them. Vegetables like these mean continuous harvests, which is huge for keeping spirits high.(生菜和罗勒又快又容易种植。每次你剪掉它们的叶子，它们都会换新的。像这样的蔬菜意味着连续的收获，这对保持精神振奋非常重要。)”可知，本段建议是园艺初学者应该种植能不断收获的蔬菜来保持精神振奋，所以C项“If you’re a newcomer(如果你是一个新人)”顺接下文“choose ones you can harvest more than once(选择那些你可以收获不止一次的)”符合本段主题。故选C项。
22．设空处为本段小标题，根据后文“Some plants will grow tall and some will grow closer to the ground. Tall plants will shade shorter plants and prevent them getting needed sunshine. Also, give little seedlings plenty of room to stretch and grow. If they grow too close together, don’t be afraid to thin seedlings.(有些植物会长得很高，有些植物会长得离地面更近。高大的植物会遮蔽较矮的植物，使它们得不到所需的阳光。同时，给幼苗足够的空间伸展和生长。如果它们长得太近，不要害怕把幼苗削薄。)”可知，本段主题是建议要注意植物的生长空间，所以B项“Size up your growing space(评估你的种植空间)”符合主题，为本段小标题。故选B项。
23．根据前文“Buying all of your plants from the garden center is expensive.(从园艺中心购买所有的植物是昂贵的。)”以及后文“Reach out to friends and family who garden and ask them to share spare seeds with you. Also check to see if they have any plants you can take cuttings from. It takes longer than buying young plants, but it is definitely more satisfying and you will learn so much.(向从事园艺的朋友和家人寻求帮助，让他们与你分享多余的种子。还要检查一下他们是否有什么植物可以插枝。这比买幼苗要花更长的时间，但它绝对更令人满意，你会学到很多东西。)”可知，前文讲述从园艺中心购买所有的植物是昂贵的，后文讲述可以通过用种子和插枝来省钱，所以空处应是过渡句，G项“However, you can grow a huge range of plants from seeds or cuttings(然而，你可以从种子或插枝中种植各种各样的植物)”和前文构成转折关系，并引出下文内容，符合文意。故选G项。
24．C 25．A 26．C 27．B 28．A 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．D 36．B 37．C 38．D
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候不理解奶奶为什么喜欢盆栽，随着年龄的增长，作者明白了盆栽是爱和光明的象征。最能让作者想起光明和爱的是奶奶本人，即使在作者最黑暗的时候，她也是作者灵魂中的光明。
24．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它被四个巨大的菜园包围着，房子周围种着许多花。 A. threatened威胁；B. torn撕碎；C. surrounded包围；D. destroyed破坏。根据下文“by four huge vegetable gardens”可知，房子被四个巨大的菜园包围着。故选C项。
25．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它被四个巨大的菜园包围着，房子周围种着许多花。 A. flowers花朵；B. potatoes土豆；C. tomatoes西红柿；D. carrots胡萝卜。根据下文“flowers around the house”可知，房子周围种着许多花。故选A项。
26．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给它们浇水，和它们说话。A. discovered发现；B. sold卖；C. watered浇水；D. forgot忘记。根据下文“With a little water”可知，奶奶给植物浇水。故选C项。
27．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她用少量的水和大量的爱使它们保持生机、绿色，即使在最寒冷、最黑暗的月份也能生长。A. honesty诚实；B. love爱；C. strength力气；D. courage勇气。根据下文“light and love”可知，她用少量的水和大量的爱使植物保持生机。故选B项。
28．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当我还是个小男孩的时候，我对她付出的努力感到困惑。A. put into投入；B. looked into调查；C. ran into遇到；D. turned into转变成。根据上文“She ____3____ them, and talked to them. With a little water and a lot of ____4____ she kept them alive, green, and growing even during the coldest, darkest months.”可知，作者对她付出的努力感到困惑。故选A项。
29．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我了解菜园的情况，因为菜园在整个冬天都能养活一家人。A. identify确定；B. manage管理；C. defend保卫；D. feed喂养。根据上文“vegetable gardens”以及常识可知，菜园在整个冬天都能养活一家人。故选D项。
30．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我甚至理解房子周围的花，因为它们在夏天的几个月里很漂亮，闻起来很香。A. rather相当；B. even甚至；C. still仍然；D. never决不。根据句意可知，与上文为递进关系。故选B项。
31．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，她如此用心地照料那些盆栽的原因却让我感到很困惑。A. led引导；B. referred提及；C. tended照料；D. pointed指向。根据上文“She ____3____ them, and talked to them.”可知，奶奶悉心照料盆栽。故选C项。
32．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，她如此用心地照料那些盆栽的原因却让我感到很困惑。A. disappointed失望的；B. worried担忧的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. puzzled困惑的。根据上文“confused”可知，作者很困惑。故选D项。
33．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们没有给我们任何食物，他们几乎不开花。A. casually随意地；B. hardly几乎不；C. entirely整个地；D. secretly秘密地。根据上文“They didn’t give us any food”可知，他们几乎不开花。故选B项。
34．考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一个孩子，它们在我的脑海中一直是未知的。A. child孩子；B. doctor医生；C. parent父母； D. artist艺术家。根据上文“As a little boy”可知，作者是一个孩子。故选A项。
35．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，随着年龄的增长，我开始明白为什么奶奶会养那些盆栽。A. question盘问；B. concern关心；C. challenge挑战；D. understand理解。上文“As a little boy, I was confused”提到作者小时候感到困惑，结合“Now as I’ve grown older”可知，随着年龄的增长，作者开始明白为什么奶奶会养那些盆栽。故选D项。
36．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这也是为什么我家里挂了那么多日出和森林的照片的原因。A. taking拿；B. hanging悬挂；C. expanding膨胀；D. spotting发现。根据上文“hanging on hooks (挂钩)”可知，作者家里挂了那么多日出和森林的照片。故选B项。
37．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它们让我想起那个黑暗寒冷的冬天，到处是光秃秃的树和黄草，那时光、爱和生长仍然存在。 A. free自由的；B. worthy值得的；C. full满满的；D. aware有意识的。根据上文“the dark cold winter months”可知，到处是光秃秃的树和黄草。故选C项。
38．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但最能让我想起光明和爱的是奶奶本人，即使在我最黑暗的时候，她也是我灵魂中的光明。A. achievement成就；B. doubt怀疑；C. lie谎言；D. reminder提醒物。根据上文“They remind me of the dark cold winter months”可知，最能让作者想起光明和爱的是奶奶本人。故选D项。
39．known 40．particularly 41．decoration 42．which 43．a 44．offering 45．are sold 46．with 47．difficult 48．to bring
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在中国城市办公室中逐渐流行的一种趋势——“办公室种植”。
39．考查非谓语动词。句意：被称为“办公室农业”的趋势包括在办公桌上种植香蕉和菠萝等结果实的植物。空白处在句子中作定语修饰The trend，使用非谓语动词，know与主语The trend之间逻辑上的被动关系，应该使用过去分词作定语，故填known。
40．考查副词。句意：特别是，这些通常带有半熟果实的水果很容易照料，因为它们只需要定期更换水和添加营养。空白处在句子中作状语使用副词，故填particularly。
41．考查名词。句意：这种趋势不仅仅是关于装饰，它也关乎功能性。介词about后面需要跟名词decoration作宾语，该词表示“装饰”含义的时候为不可数名词，使用单数。故填decoration。
42．考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这些美丽的植物可以结出果实，这也为通常的办公环境增添了一个有趣的元素。分析句子结构，这是一个包含非限制性定语从句的复合句，先行词为前面整个句子表示的内容，设空处在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，故填which。
43．考查冠词。句意：因此，这些办公桌花园很快成为办公室的景点，提供了一种独特的方式打破僵局并促进同事间的社交互动。As a result是一个固定短语，表示“因此”，故填a。
44．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。become为谓语动词，设空处为非谓语动词，在句子中作状语，句子主语these desk gardens与动词offer之间为逻辑上的主谓关系，使用现在分词，故填offering。
45．考查被动语态。句意：这些水果植物的吸引力在社交媒体平台上显而易见，这些植物被销售了数千种。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为social media platforms。空白处在定语从句中作谓语，从句主语thousands of these plants和动词sell之间是被动关系，应该使用被动语态，因从句表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are sold。
46．考查介词。句意：这一趋势将中国的农业传统与现代城市生活联系起来。connect...with...是固定搭配，表示“把……和……联系起来”，故填with。
47．考查形容词。句意：办公室工作人员试图通过参与更多平静和以自然为导向的活动来缓解长时间工作和困难环境的压力。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语使用形容词，修饰后面的名词environments，故填difficult。
48．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着这种做法的增长，更多的工人正在考虑增加他们的室内花园，并增加他们植物收藏的多样性，以带给他们的办公环境一种幸福感。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作状语表示目的，使用动词不定式，故填to bring。
49．Dear Hans,
I am writing on behalf of our class to plan a discussion on the topic of “Common Plants on Campus”.
The online exchange is scheduled to take place at 8 am in the morning next Saturday. During the session, we would like to share information about the plants commonly found on our respective school campuses. This could include their names, characteristics, and any interesting facts or stories associated with them.
We would like to hear your thoughts and suggestions so that we can finalize the details. Looking forward to hearing from you soon.
Best regards,
Li Hua
【导语】本书面表达是一篇应用文写作，你所在的班级计划与新西兰姊妹学校的某个班级进行一场在线交流，主题是“校园常见植物”，请你代表班级写一封邮件给对方班长 Hans，内容包括：1. 告知相关事宜(时间、 内容)； 2. 征求意见。
【详解】1.词汇积累
主题：topic→theme
安排：schedule→plan
与……有关：associated with→related to
不久：soon→shortly
2.句式拓展
同义句转换
原句：During the session, we would like to share information about the plants commonly found on our respective school campuses.
拓展句：In the session, we aim to exchange information about the plants frequently encountered on our individual school campuses.
【点睛】【高分句型1】During the session, we would like to share information about the plants commonly found on our respective school campuses. (运用了过去分词短语作后置定语)
【高分句型2】We would like to hear your thoughts and suggestions so that we can finalize the details.(运用了so that引导的目的状语从句)
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