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Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 语法讲解及专练
一般过去时
语法精讲
一般现在时的用法：
用法 例句 时间状语
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。 I was in Grade Six last year. (表示过去的状态) I watched TV last night. (表示过去发生的动作) yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天), in 1992, last year, three days ago, just now（刚才）,in the past（在过去）等
一般现在时的谓语结构：
动词类型 句型结构 例句
实义（行为）动词 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 He played football yesterday. Tom studied in England two years ago.
否定句：主语+did not/didn’t +动词原形+其他 They didn’t eat carrots. Tom didn’t like sports when he was young
一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 Did they drink milk 回答：Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. Did Tom have lunch just now 回答：Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+动词过去式+其他 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他 Who helped you Where did she go
be动词 肯定句：主语+was/were+其他 I was a student in 2020. She was busy an hour ago. We were in Shanghai last month.
否定句：主语+ was/were +not+其他 We were not (weren’t) at school yesterday. He was not (wasn’t) busy last Friday.
一般疑问句；Was/Were +主语+其他？ Was he at home just now _Were you late for school yesterday
特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？ Where were they two days ago Who was absent yesterday
动词过去式的构成
规则变化：
规则 例子
直接在动词词尾加-ed ask-asked look-looked work-worked
以字母e结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-d live-lived move- moved save-saved
以辅音字母+-y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加ed 以元音字母+-y结尾的动词，直接加ed try-tried study-studied cry-cried play-played enjoy-enjoyed stay-stayed
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped plan-planned prefer-preferred
不规则变化：
规则 例子
过去式和原形一样 let-let put-put cut-cut
i变a swim-swam sing- sang begin-began
中间去e末尾加t feel-felt keep-kept sleep-slept sweep(打扫)-swept
i变o ride-rode drive-drove write-wrote
ow/aw变ew know-knew grow-grew draw-drew
d结尾的，d变t build-built lend(借出)-lent send-sent
语法精练
过关测试满分：70分 时间：40分钟
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共30分）
1．I ________ my ruler. Can you help me ________ it
A．lost; found B．see; buy C．lost; find D．have; know
2．—________ you ________ to the park last Sunday
—No, I didn’t.
A．Do; go B．Did; go C．Does; go D．Did; went
3．She ________ a lot of presents at her birthday party.
A．get B．gets C．got D．is getting
4．—What did you do last Saturday
—I ______ my uncle.
A．visit B．will visit C．visited D．am visiting
5．—______ you at home yesterday evening
—Yes, I ______ with my mother.
A．Were; were B．Was; was C．Were; was D．Was; were
6．When ______ you ______ supper yesterday
A．have, had B．do, have C．did, have D．will, have
7．Mr. Black was late because he ________ his way.
A．losted B．had losted C．has lost D．lost
8．I ________ but ________ nothing.
A．was listened; was hearing B．listened; heard
C．have listened; heard D．listened; heard of
9．She lived there before he ______ to China.
A．came B．comes C．come D．coming
10．Our English teacher, Mr. Ma, __________ English on the radio the day before yesterday.
A．teaches B．taught C．will teach D．had taught
11．—Hi, Lucy. You look tired. What’s the matter
—I ________ well last night.
A．don’t sleep B．didn’t sleep C．didn’t slept D．won’t sleep
12．—What did you do last night
—I ________ a movie with my parents.
A．watch B．watched
C．am watching D．will watch
13．My younger brother Jason ________ in July, 2024.
A．born B．be born C．is born D．was born
14．My family and I ________ a trip to the beach last summer.
A．have B．has C．had D．having
15．_______ you ______ down to the beach so late last night
A．What did make; going B．What made; go
C．What do make; to go D．What makes; go
16．She ________ me around her school last week.
A．show B．shows C．showed D．showing
17．Tom told his phone number to Ann, and then Ann ________ on the paper.
A．write it down B．write down it C．wrote down it D．wrote it down
18．—What ________ she ________ in the garden yesterday morning
—She ________ nothing.
A．did; find; found B．was; find; find C．did; find; find D．was; found; found
19．Sally came into the room, took off her coat and ________ down on a sofa.
A．sit B．sits C．sitting D．sat
20．There ________ five apples on the table last night, buy now there ________ only one.
A．are; is B．are; was C．were; is D．were; was
21．Jack said goodbye to us and ________.
A．left B．leave C．leaves D．leaving
22．When ________ you ________ your homework
A．were; finish B．are; finish C．did; finish D．do; finished
23．Ten years ago, Guangzhou ________ as big as it ________ now.
A．isn’t; is B．isn’t; was C．wasn’t; was D．wasn’t; is
24．Mr. Green, __________ you __________ Three Lanes and Seven Alleys (三坊七巷) last Sunday
A．will; go to B．have; been to C．did; go to D．have; gone to
25．He ________ by me but didn’t notice me.
A．passes B．past C．passed D．goes past
26．Confucius was a great teacher and he ________ many students.
A．has B．have C．had D．having
27．—Did you go to the museum with your friends last Sunday
—________. I stayed at home and did my homework.
A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, I did D．No, I didn’t
28．— What did you do last weekend
— We _________ a family picnic.
A．have B．had C．will have D．are having
29．—Did he play basketball yesterday
—________. He played football.
A．Yes, he did B．No, he didn’t C．Yes, he was D．No, he wasn’t
30．She ________ with her aunt three years ago. But now she ________ with her parents.
A．live; live B．lives; lives C．lived; lived D．lived; lives
二、用所给词的正确形式填空（每小题1分，共20分）
31．After Joe talked with Lu Yao, he (change) his mind.
32．People (find) it difficult to travel around in the past.
33．Mother stopped singing the lullaby (摇篮曲) when her baby (fall) asleep.
34．My uncle (teach) maths in a middle school ten years ago but he (work) as an office clerk now.
35．I used to (send) e-mails to my friends. Now, I think (chat) online from time to time is a better choice.
36．Last Sunday the old man was sent to hospital and two days later he . (die)
37．Peter often (swim) with his friends when he lived in the countryside.
38．Most of my classmates (prefer) coffee, but I chose green tea.
39．My grandpa used to (take) me to the teahouse.
40．The cats (eat) up the food very soon.
41．My sister (decorate) her room with flowers yesterday.
42．They (hang) their daughter’s pictures on the wall and smiled.
43．I (buy) a book yesterday.
44．My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he (stop) what he was doing to talk to me.
45．Yesterday, my granddad (choose) mushroom (蘑菇) soup for his starter because he likes soup, and I ordered fruit salad because it looked delicious in a photo I saw on my phone.
46．So he (try) to get to know the important people in Chang’an. But he did something wrong and had to leave Chang’an.
47．When I (wake) up early the next morning, there were so many unusual sounds outside.
48．The cat jumped down the tree and (run) away.
49．He (put) on her coat and went out.
50．Sherry always (keep) fit when she was young.
三、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分）
51．Mike did the housework with his mum last Saturday.（改为否定句）
Mike the homework with his mum last Saturday.
52．Yiming read some articles about IoT in a newspaper.（改为否定句）
Yiming read articles about IoT in a newspaper.
53．Holla chose a nice dress for today’s meeting. (改为一般疑问句)
Holla a nice dress for today’s meeting
54．Many people thought it hard to use solar energy everywhere. (改为一般疑问句)
many people it hard to use solar energy everywhere
55．Emma felt lonely at the new school. (对划线部分提问)
Emma feel at the new school
56．Jackie put the holder and solar cells in the water to separate them. (对划线部分提问)
Jackie put the holder and solar cells in the water
57．I went to school on foot when I lived in the city centre.(对画线部分提问)
you go to school when you lived in the city centre
58．They took the photo in the park. (对划线部分提问)
they take the photo
59．In my primary school, I often helped people with their difficulties.(对划线部分提问)
you often in your primary school
60．I was very nervous on the first day. (对划线部分提问)
you on the first day
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)(共68张PPT)
Unit 1 The secrets of happiness
七年级
外研2024版
下
语法讲解及专练解析
一般过去时
语法精讲
一般现在时的用法：
用法 例句 时间状语
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，也可表示过去经常性的动作。 I was in Grade Six last year. (表示过去的状态) I watched TV last night. (表示过去发生的动作) yesterday, the day before yesterday(前天), in 1992, last year, three days ago, just now（刚才）,in the past（在过去）等
一般现在时的谓语结构：
动词类型 句型结构 例句
实义（行为）动词 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他 He played football yesterday.
Tom studied in England two years ago.
否定句：主语+did not/didn’t +动词原形+其他 They didn’t eat carrots.
Tom didn’t like sports when he was young.
一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其他 Did they drink milk
回答：Yes, they did. No, they didn’t.
Did Tom have lunch just now
回答：Yes, he did. No, he didn’t.
特殊疑问句：疑问词+动词过去式+其他 疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他 Who helped you
Where did she go
be动词 肯定句：主语+was/were+其他 I was a student in 2020.
She was busy an hour ago.
We were in Shanghai last month.
否定句：主语+ was/were +not+其他 We were not (weren’t) at school yesterday.
He was not (wasn’t) busy last Friday.
一般疑问句；Was/Were +主语+其他？ Was he at home just now
_Were you late for school yesterday
特殊疑问句：疑问词+was/were+主语+其他？ Where were they two days ago
Who was absent yesterday
动词过去式的构成 规则变化：
规则 例子
直接在动词词尾加-ed ask-asked look-looked work-worked
以字母e结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-d live-lived move- moved save-saved
以辅音字母+-y结尾的动词，变y为i,再加ed 以元音字母+-y结尾的动词，直接加ed try-tried study-studied cry-cried
play-played enjoy-enjoyed stay-stayed
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed stop-stopped plan-planned prefer-preferred
不规则变化：
规则 例子
过去式和原形一样 let-let put-put cut-cut
i变a swim-swam sing- sang begin-began
中间去e末尾加t feel-felt keep-kept sleep-slept sweep(打扫)-swept
i变o ride-rode drive-drove write-wrote
ow/aw变ew know-knew grow-grew draw-drew
d结尾的，d变t build-built lend(借出)-lent send-sent
语法精练
过关测试满分：70分 时间：40分钟
一、单项选择（每小题1分，共30分）
1．I ________ my ruler. Can you help me ________ it
A．lost; found B．see; buy C．lost; find D．have; know
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我的尺子丢了。你能帮我找到它吗？
考查动词辨析和时态。lost丢失；find找到，过去式是found；see看见；buy买；have有；know知道。根据“I ...my ruler. Can you help me .... it ”及选项和语境可知，应是尺子丢了，说话者请求帮忙找到尺子。“丢失”的动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时，动词用过去式；第二空是短语help sb do sth，动词用原形。故选C。
2．—________ you ________ to the park last Sunday
—No, I didn’t.
A．Do; go B．Did; go C．Does; go D．Did; went
【答案】B
【详解】句意：—— 你上个星期天去了公园吗？ —— 不，我没有。
考查一般过去时和一般疑问句。根据“last Sunday”可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，本句为含有实义动词go的一般疑问句，句首需要使用助动词，助动词用过去式，其后的实义动词用原形。故选B。
3．She ________ a lot of presents at her birthday party.
A．get B．gets C．got D．is getting
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在她生日派对上，她得到很多礼物。
考查时态。描述发生过的事情，用一般过去时，got为动词过去式。故选C。
4．—What did you do last Saturday
—I ______ my uncle.
A．visit B．will visit C．visited D．am visiting
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你上星期六做了什么？——我去拜访了我的叔叔。
考查动词的时态。根据时间状语“last Saturday”可知，此处是一般过去时，故谓语动词应该用其过去式。故选C。
5．—______ you at home yesterday evening
—Yes, I ______ with my mother.
A．Were; were B．Was; was C．Were; was D．Was; were
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——昨天晚上你在家吗？——是的，我和我妈妈在一起。
考查主谓一致。第一空的主语you是第二人称，根据“yesterday evening”可知，本句的时态是过去时，所以第一空应该填were。 第二空的主语I是第一人称单数，所以应该用am的过去式was。故选C。
6．When ______ you ______ supper yesterday
A．have, had B．do, have C．did, have D．will, have
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你昨天什么时候吃晚饭的？
考查时态。根据“yesterday”可知，句子用一般过去时；本句是特殊疑问句，需借助助动词did构成疑问句，后实义动词用原形。故选C。
7．Mr. Black was late because he ________ his way.
A．losted B．had losted C．has lost D．lost
【答案】D
【详解】句意：布莱克先生迟到了，因为他迷路了。
考查动词时态。losted过去式（词汇错误）；had losted过去完成时（词汇错误）；has lost现在完成时；lost过去式。本句是主从复合句，从句是“because”引导的原因状语从句，根据主句中的“was”可知，句子描述过去的事情，因此从句应该使用一般过去时态，谓语动词使用过去式，“lose”的过去式是“lost”。故选D。
8．I ________ but ________ nothing.
A．was listened; was hearing B．listened; heard C．have listened; heard D．listened; heard of
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我听了，但什么也没听见。
考查动词辨析和时态。根据上下文逻辑，本句应用一般过去时态，“listen”强调听的动作，“hear”强调听的结果，需用听的动作配合听见的结果。“I listened”意为“我听了”，表示听的动作；“but heard nothing”意为“但是什么也没有听见”，表示听的结果。故选B。
9．She lived there before he ______ to China.
A．came B．comes C．come D．coming
【答案】A
【详解】句意：在他来中国之前，她住在那里。
考查时态。根据语境“She lived there before he...to China.”可知，描述的是在过去某个时间点之前已经发生的动作，即“她住在那里”是发生在“他来中国”之前的动作，所以句子应该用一般过去时。came是come的过去式，表示“来”，符合题意。故选A。
10．Our English teacher, Mr. Ma, __________ English on the radio the day before yesterday.
A．teaches B．taught C．will teach D．had taught
【答案】B
【详解】句意：我们的英语老师，马老师，前天在广播上教英语。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“the day before yesterday”可知，此处应该用一般过去时。故选B。
11．—Hi, Lucy. You look tired. What’s the matter
—I ________ well last night.
A．don’t sleep B．didn’t sleep C．didn’t slept D．won’t sleep
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——嗨，露西。你看起来很累。怎么了？——昨天晚上我没有睡好。
考查时态及否定句。根据“last night”可知用一般过去时，排除AD，助动词didn’t后接动词原形。故选B。
12．—What did you do last night
—I ________ a movie with my parents.
A．watch B．watched
C．am watching D．will watch
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你昨晚做了什么？——我和父母一起看了一部电影。
考查一般过去时。watch一般现在时；watched过去时；am watching现在进行时；will watch一般将来时。由“last night”可知，句子应用一般过去时。故选B。
13．My younger brother Jason ________ in July, 2024.
A．born B．be born C．is born D．was born
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我弟弟Jason出生于2024年7月。
考查动词时态。be born in表示“出生于……”，由于时间是过去的时间，本句时态用一般过去时，be动词用was。故选D。
14．My family and I ________ a trip to the beach last summer.
A．have B．has C．had D．having
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我和我的家人去年夏天去了海滩旅行。
考查动词时态。根据“last summer”可知，该句为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。
15．_______ you ______ down to the beach so late last night
A．What did make; going B．What made; go
C．What do make; to go D．What makes; go
【答案】B
【详解】句意：是什么让你昨晚这么晚去海滩？
考查特殊疑问句及使役动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，make后面用动词原形go，根据last night可知，时态为一般过去时，make应用过去式made。故选B。
16．She ________ me around her school last week.
A．show B．shows C．showed D．showing
【答案】C
【详解】句意：上周她带我参观了她的学校。
考查时态。根据“last week”可知，时态为一般过去时。故选C。
17．Tom told his phone number to Ann, and then Ann ________ on the paper.
A．write it down B．write down it
C．wrote down it D．wrote it down
【答案】D
【详解】句意：汤姆把他的电话号码告诉了安，然后安把它写在了纸上。
考查时态和代词的位置。write it down写下，记下，是一般现在时；write down it表达有误；wrote down it表达有误；wrote it down写下，一般过去时。当宾语为代词时，应把代词放在中间，故排除B、C；根据“Tom told his phone number to Ann”可知要用一般过去时，故排除A。故选D。
18．—What ________ she ________ in the garden yesterday morning
—She ________ nothing.
A．did; find; found B．was; find; find
C．did; find; find D．was; found; found
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——她昨天早上在花园里找到了什么？——她什么也没找到。
考查一般过去时。根据“yesterday morning”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时；find为实义动词，所以特殊疑问词what后用助动词did，而不是was，第一个空填did；助动词后用动词原形，第二个空填find；答句也要用一般过去时，第三个空填found。故选A。
19．Sally came into the room, took off her coat and ________ down on a sofa.
A．sit B．sits C．sitting D．sat
【答案】D
【详解】句意：Sally走进房间，脱下外套，然后坐在沙发上。
考查动词时态。根据“came into the room, took off her coat and ... down on a sofa”可知，and并列三个动作，前后动作是连贯发生的，时态为一般过去时，因此sit也用过去式sat。故选D。
20．There ________ five apples on the table last night, buy now there ________ only one.
A．are; is B．are; was C．were; is D．were; was
【答案】C
【详解】句意：昨天晚上桌子上有五个苹果，但现在只有一个。
考查谓语动词的时态。根据时间last night和now可知第一空用过去时态，主语five apples是复数，故系动词用were；第二空用一般现在时态，主语only one是第三人称单数，故系动词用is。故选C。
21．Jack said goodbye to us and ________.
A．left B．leave C．leaves D．leaving
【答案】A
【详解】句意：杰克向我们道别然后离开了。
考查动词的时态。left离开，动词过去式；leave动词原形；leaves动词三单；leaving动名词或现在分词。根据“said”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时，空处需填动词过去式。故选A。
22．When ________ you ________ your homework
A．were; finish B．are; finish C．did; finish D．do; finished
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你什么时候完成了你的作业？
考查一般过去时的特殊疑问句。特殊疑问句结构为：疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其他？finish“完成”，动词，且本句时态为一般过去时，因此前边要用助动词did。故选C。
23．Ten years ago, Guangzhou ________ as big as it ________ now.
A．isn’t; is B．isn’t; was C．wasn’t; was D．wasn’t; is
【答案】D
【详解】句意：十年前，广州没有现在那么大。
考查时态。isn’t一般现在时的否定形式； is一般现在时的肯定形式；wasn’t一般过去时的否定形式；was一般过去时的肯定形式。根据“Ten years ago”以及语境可知，第一个空用一般过去时的否定形式；根据“...now”以及语境可知，第二个空用一般现在时的肯定形式。故选D。
24．Mr. Green, __________ you __________ Three Lanes and Seven Alleys (三坊七巷) last Sunday
A．will; go to B．have; been to C．did; go to D．have; gone to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：格林先生先生，上个星期天你去三坊七巷了吗？
考查时态。根据“last Sunday”可知，动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故用助动词did，再加动词原形go to。其他选项中，will go to表示将要去；have been to表示去过已回来；have gone to表示去了还没回来，均与题意和时态不符。故选C。
25．He ________ by me but didn’t notice me.
A．passes B．past C．passed D．goes past
【答案】C
【详解】句意：他从我身边经过，但没有注意到我。
考查时态及词义辨析。passes通过，三单形式；past超过，介词；passed通过，过去式；goes past经过，三单形式。分析句子结构可知，此处为句子的谓语部分；根据“but didn’t notice me”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，此处用过去式形式。故选C。
26．Confucius was a great teacher and he ________ many students.
A．has B．have C．had D．having
【答案】C
【详解】句意：孔子是一位伟大的老师，他有很多学生。
考查时态。根据“was”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故选C。
27．—Did you go to the museum with your friends last Sunday
—________. I stayed at home and did my homework.
A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, I did D．No, I didn’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——上周日你和你的朋友们去博物馆了吗？——不，我没去。我待在家做作业了。
考查一般疑问句。根据“I stayed at home and did my homework.”可知一般疑问句的回答是否定的，排除A和C。问句助动词是did，回答也用did。故选D。
28．— What did you do last weekend
— We _________ a family picnic.
A．have B．had C．will have D．are having
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你上周末做了什么？——我们全家去野餐了。
考查动词的时态。have一般现在时；had一般过去时；will have一般将来时；are having现在进行时。根据“What did you do last weekend ”可知，句子的时态为一般过去时。故选B。
29．—Did he play basketball yesterday
—________. He played football.
A．Yes, he did B．No, he didn’t C．Yes, he was D．No, he wasn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——他昨天打篮球了吗？——不，他没打。他踢足球了。
考查一般过去时的一般疑问句的回答。问句“Did he play basketball yesterday ”是一般过去时的一般疑问句，其回答也应该用一般过去时，用助动词did来回答。根据“He played football.”可知，他昨天没打篮球，所以应该是否定回答，即“No, he didn’t”。故选B。
30．She ________ with her aunt three years ago. But now she ________ with her parents.
A．live; live B．lives; lives C．lived; lived D．lived; lives
【答案】D
【详解】句意：三年前她和她阿姨住在一起。但现在她和父母住在一起。
考查时态。根据“three yeas ago”可知第一句用一般过去时，第一空用过去式lived；再由“now”可知第二句用一般现在时，主语she后接动词第三人称单数形式lives。故选D。
二、用所给词的正确形式填空（每小题1分，共20分）
31．After Joe talked with Lu Yao, he (change) his mind.
【答案】changed
【详解】句意：在乔和陆尧交谈后，他改变了主意。根据“After Joe talked with Lu Yao”可知，时态是一般过去时，动词用过去式changed“改变”。故填changed。
32．People (find) it difficult to travel around in the past.
【答案】found
【详解】句意：人们发现过去环游旅行很困难。根据“in the past”可知，本句动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，谓语动词find需过去式found。故填found。
33．Mother stopped singing the lullaby (摇篮曲) when her baby (fall) asleep.
【答案】fell
【详解】句意：当孩子睡着时，母亲停止唱摇篮曲。根据“stopped”可知，语境时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填fell。
34．My uncle (teach) maths in a middle school ten years ago but he (work) as an office clerk now.
【答案】 taught works
【详解】句意：十年前，我叔叔在一所中学教书，但现在他是一名办公室职员。根据“ten years ago”可知第一个句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式taught“教”；根据“now”可知此处描述现在的情况，用一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用单三works“工作”。故填taught；works。
35．I used to (send) e-mails to my friends. Now, I think (chat) online from time to time is a better choice.
【答案】 send chatting
【详解】句意：我过去给我的朋友们发送邮件。现在，我认为时不时网上聊天是一个更好的选择。used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”，故第一个空填send；根据分析句子成分可知，第二个空处所在句需动名词作主语，chat“聊天”的动名词为chatting。故填send；chatting。
36．Last Sunday the old man was sent to hospital and two days later he . (die)
【答案】died
【详解】句意：上个星期天，这位老人被送到医院，两天后他去世了。根据“was sent”和“and two days later”可知，动作已发生，故空处需一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。die“死亡”的过去式为died。故填died。
37．Peter often (swim) with his friends when he lived in the countryside.
【答案】swam
【详解】句意：彼得住在农村时经常和他的朋友一起游泳。根据题干中的“when he lived in the countryside”可知，这是一个描述过去习惯性动作的句子，因此使用动词的过去式。swim的过去式为swam，故填swam。
38．Most of my classmates (prefer) coffee, but I chose green tea.
【答案】preferred
【详解】句意：我的大多数同学都喜欢咖啡，但我选择了绿茶。根据“chose”可知，此句是一般过去时，动词用过去式，故填preferred。
39．My grandpa used to (take) me to the teahouse.
【答案】take
【详解】句意：我的爷爷过去常常带我去茶室。“used to”后跟动词原形，表示“过去常常做某事”。故填take。
40．The cats (eat) up the food very soon.
【答案】ate
【详解】句意：猫很快就吃光了食物。根据“The cats…up the food very soon.”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，句子时态为一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式，eat的过去式为ate。故填ate。
41．My sister (decorate) her room with flowers yesterday.
【答案】decorated
【详解】句意：我妹妹昨天用花装饰了她的屋子。此空为谓语动词，根据yesterday可知，描述昨天的事，用一般过去时，此空为decorate的过去式。故填decorated。
42．They (hang) their daughter’s pictures on the wall and smiled.
【答案】hung
【详解】句意：他们把女儿的照片挂在墙上，然后笑了。根据“smiled”可知此处描述的是过去的动作，所以此处应用一般过去时，且“hang”的过去式有两种形式，“hung”和“hanged”，“hung”表示“悬挂”，“hanged”表示“绞死”，根据句意可知此处应用“hung”。故填hung。
43．I (buy) a book yesterday.
【答案】bought
【详解】句意：昨天我买了一本新书。根据时间状语“yesterday”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词buy要有用其过去式bought。故填bought。
44．My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he (stop) what he was doing to talk to me.
【答案】stopped
【详解】句意：我父亲对我的态度感到惊讶。他立刻停下手中正在做的事来跟我交谈。根据“was surprised at”可知，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式stopped。故填stopped。
45．Yesterday, my granddad (choose) mushroom (蘑菇) soup for his starter because he likes soup, and I ordered fruit salad because it looked delicious in a photo I saw on my phone.
【答案】chose
【详解】句意：昨天，我爷爷选择了蘑菇汤作为开胃菜，因为他喜欢汤。我点了水果沙拉，因为我在手机上看到的照片看起来很美味。空格处作谓语，要用动词；根据“Yesterday”可知，此句时态为一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式；choose“选择”，动词，其过去式为chose。故填chose。
46．So he (try) to get to know the important people in Chang’an. But he did something wrong and had to leave Chang’an.
【答案】tried
【详解】句意：所以他试图认识长安的重要人物。但他做错了事情，不得不离开长安。根据“did”可知，句子时态用一般过去时，动词用过去式tried“试图”。故填tried。
47．When I (wake) up early the next morning, there were so many unusual sounds outside.
【答案】woke
【详解】句意：当我第二天早上醒来时，在外面有很多不同寻常的声音。根据“there were...”可知，句子的时态是一般过去时，wake的过去分词woke。故填woke。
48．The cat jumped down the tree and (run) away.
【答案】ran
【详解】句意：猫跳下树跑掉了。run“跑”，动词原形，根据jumped可知，时态为一般过去时，run的过去式为ran。故填ran。
49．He (put) on her coat and went out.
【答案】put
【详解】句意：他穿上外套出去了。put on穿上，动词短语；根据and后的went可知，此处应用put的过去式put，表示一般过去时。故填put。
50．Sherry always (keep) fit when she was young.
【答案】kept
【详解】句意：雪莉年轻时总是保持健康。根据“when she was young”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式kept“保持”。故填kept。
三、完成句子（每小题2分，共20分）
51．Mike did the housework with his mum last Saturday.（改为否定句）
Mike the homework with his mum last Saturday.
【答案】 didn’t do
【详解】句意：上周六，迈克和妈妈一起做了家务。根据题干可知，本题是一般过去时。did是do的过去式，是实义动词，意思是“做，干”，故改为否定句时需要借助助动词didn’t，且助动词didn’t需要位于主语Mike的后面。助动词didn’t的后面需要加动词原形do。故填didn’t；do。
52．Yiming read some articles about IoT in a newspaper.（改为否定句）
Yiming read articles about IoT in a newspaper.
【答案】 didn’t any
【详解】句意：一鸣在报纸上阅读了一些关于物联网的文章。句子为陈述句，时态为一般过去时。根据题意将句子改为否定句，“Yiming”是第三人称单数，否定句用“didn’t”，“some”改为“any”。故填didn’t；any。
53．Holla chose a nice dress for today’s meeting. (改为一般疑问句)
Holla a nice dress for today’s meeting
【答案】 Did choose
【详解】句意：Holla为今天的会议选了一条漂亮的裙子。句中chose是choose的过去式，句子时态为一般过去时，含实义动词的句子变为一般疑问句时需借助助动词did，后面的动词用原形。句首单词首字母大写。故填Did；choose。
54．Many people thought it hard to use solar energy everywhere. (改为一般疑问句)
many people it hard to use solar energy everywhere
【答案】 Did think
【详解】句意：许多人认为很难在任何地方使用太阳能。根据题干可知，改为一般疑问句，时态为一般过去时，需借助助动词did构成疑问句，位于句首首字母大写，将原句中的thought改为动词原形think。故填Did；think。
55．Emma felt lonely at the new school. (对划线部分提问)
Emma feel at the new school
【答案】 How did
【详解】句意：Emma在新学校感到孤独。根据划线部分可知，此处应用how“如何，怎样”引导特殊疑问句，句子开头首字母大写，后加一般疑问句，原句中“felt”为实义动词的一般过去时，因此变一般疑问句时需借助助动词did。故填How；did。
56．Jackie put the holder and solar cells in the water to separate them. (对划线部分提问)
Jackie put the holder and solar cells in the water
【答案】 Why did
【详解】句意：Jackie把支架和太阳能电池放在水里以便把它们分开。划线部分为“to separate them”，这里表示目的，所以对其提问用疑问词why，表示“为什么”。原句是一般过去时，疑问句要用助动词did，并且放在主语之前。故填Why；did。
57．I went to school on foot when I lived in the city centre.(对画线部分提问)
you go to school when you lived in the city centre
【答案】 How did
【详解】句意：当我住在市中心时，我步行去上学。划线部分“on foot”为上学的方式，疑问词应用how来提问，根据句中went可知，句子为一般过去时，故助动词用did。故填How；did。
58．They took the photo in the park. (对划线部分提问)
they take the photo
【答案】 Where did
【详解】句意：他们在公园里拍了这张照片。划线部分为地点状语，疑问句应使用where来提问，该句是一般过去时，句中有实义动词“take”，助动词应该填did，故填Where；did。
59．In my primary school, I often helped people with their difficulties.(对划线部分提问)
you often in your primary school
【答案】 What did do
【详解】句意：在我的小学里，我经常帮助人们解决他们的困难。根据题意可知，该句是一般过去时。结合划线部分“helped people with their difficulties”，应提问“你做了什么”，所以要用“what什么”引导特殊疑问句，位于句首，首字母大写，且“helped”是实义动词，所以要把助动词“did”放在主语“you”之前，而第三空要用“do做”的原形。故填What；did；do。
60．I was very nervous on the first day. (对划线部分提问)
you on the first day
【答案】 How were
【详解】句意：第一天我非常紧张。划线部分“very nervous”是描述状态的形容词短语，对其提问用疑问词how，位于句首首字母大写；本句时态为一般过去时，主语为you，be动词要用were。故填How；were。
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