2024-2025学年江苏中考英语专项复习--06名词辨析
一、单选题
1.—Hello! May I speak to Tina
—Sorry, I'm afraid you have the wrong __________.
A.telephone B.number C.name D.place
2.—Who's she
—She's my _______, my father's ________.
A.aunt, daughter B.grandmother, sister
C.uncle, brother D.aunt, sister
3. —We got a(n) ____ yesterday because we found a snake in our bedroom.
—Oh, my god!It was scary.
A.answer B.village C.surprise
4.—How did the accident happen
—The driver was so nervous that he lost _________ of his car on the ice.
A.way B.path C.heart D.control
5.—Did you find the way to the bank
— Sure. I used BDS (BeiDou Navigation Satellite System) for ________.
A.directions B.decisions C.discussions
6.—How's Mr. Clark's small company
—Quite good. It has grown to become a______________ in the international trade.
A.rule B.duty C.power D.sign
7.—The machine doesn't work now. What's the matter
— Why not find out the ___________and try to fix it.
A.exhibitions B.inventions C.connections D.instructions
8.My grandpa knows the history and medical ________________ of many plants.
A.wealth B.price C.value D.cost
9.It's better to keep your __________down in public places even if you're with your friends.
A.sound B.noise C.voice D.throat
10. —What places of interest are there in Yangzhou
—I recommend the Slender West Lake. A boat tour is a wonderful ____!
A.movement B.attraction C.experience D.research
11.—I'm sad to hear that Yuan Longping passed away.
—So am I. We lost a hero. His _____________ on hybrid (杂交) rice helped Chinese people solve the problem of eating.
A.surveys B.reports C.researches D.achievements
12.It's raining heavily. Please take the_________.
A.stone B.flower C.umbrella D.postcard
13.She often helps her mother to sweep the _______.
A.break B.match C.floor D.book
14.In the camera, these photos record my mom's bright and unforgettable _____at an early age.
A.points B.moments C.goals D.steps
15. —Have you decided whether to take the family trip to Xinghua Cauliflower
—No. It depends on the ____ we'll come to at tonight's family meeting.
A.conclusion B.conversation C.communication D.competition
16.My teacher gave me much _________ on learning English when I have some trouble (困难).
A.advice B.idea C.problem D.reply
17. — What's your favourite season
— ____. Because I like snow.
A.Spring B.Summer C.Autumn D.Winter
18.—What's your ________, Scott
—I work at a radio station.
A.job B.name C.number
19.—There are too many ______ in my house.
—It's terrible. But you have to follow them.
A.rule B.maps C.rules
20. In China, people eat ____ on the Mid-Autumn Festival.
A.mooncakes B.dumplings C.zongzi
21.Teachers sometimes work as a(n) ________ to help you out and lead your life to be right way.
A.officer B.musician C.engineer D.guide
答案解析部分
1.B
——你好!我可以和蒂娜讲话吗 ——对不起,恐怕你打错电话了。A: telephone电话,B: number号码,C: name名字,D: place地点, 根据上文Hello! May I speak to Tina 可知这是电话交际用语,所以是打错了电话号码,故选B。
考查名词辨析,注意识记名词的词义。
2.D
——她是谁?——她是我的姑姑,我爸爸的姐姐。aunt姑姑,daughter女儿;grandmother奶奶;sister姐姐;uncle叔叔;brother哥哥。she表明是女性,排除C。姑姑是爸爸的姐妹,排除A;奶奶是爸爸的妈妈,排除B,故选D。
考查名词辨析,首先识记名词词义,然后根据常识确定单词。
3.C
——昨天我们受到了惊吓,因为我们在卧室里发现了一条蛇。——噢,我的天啊!太可怕了!A.answer答案;B.village村庄;C.surprise吃惊。根据because we found a snake in our bedroom.(因为我们在卧室里发现了一条蛇。),可知是吃惊,故选C。
考查名词词义的辨析,注意识记名词的词义。
4.D
—— 事故是怎么发生的? ——司机太紧张了,以至于在冰上失去了对汽车的控制。 A.道路,方式;B.小路;C.心;D.控制。根据 How did the accident happen 和 The driver was so nervous 可知,司机在冰上失去了对汽车的控制。故选D。
考查名词辨析,注意名词control的用法。
5.A
——你找到去银行的路了吗?——当然。我使用北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)进行导航。A.方向;B.决定;C.讨论。根据Did you find the way to the bank 你找到去银行的路了吗?可知对方向进行导航,故选A。
考查名词辨析,首先识记名词词义,然后根据前后句句意确定名词。
6.C
——克拉克先生的小公司怎么样?——非常好。它已经在国际贸易上成长为一种影响力。rule规则;duty职责;power力量;sign标志。根据"has grown" "in the international trade"可知此处用名词power表示有影响力。故选C。
考查名词辨析。注意理解单词词义,理解句意。
7.D
——这台机器现在不工作了。怎么了?——为什么不找出说明并尝试修复它呢。A.展览;B.发明;C.连接;D.说明。根据 The machine doesn't work now. 这台机器现在不工作了,可知应是建议“找出说明并尝试修复它”,应用名词instructions。故选D。
考查名词辨析。首先理解选项四个名词的意思,再根据语境选择合适的名词。
8.C
我爷爷知道许多植物的历史和医学价值。A.财富;B.价格;C.价值;D.成本,花费。根据the history and medical可知,应是是知道植物的价值,故选C。
考查名词辨析。注意识记value的词义和用法。
9.C
即使你和朋友们在一起,在公共场合最好压低声音。sound各种声音的总称;noise噪音;voice嗓音(人的);throat喉咙。根据句意指的是人说话的声音,故选C。
考查名词辨析,注意sound,noise,voice,throat的区别与联系。
10.C
——扬州有哪些名胜古迹?——我推荐瘦西湖。乘船游览是一种美妙的体验。A移动,B吸引力,C经历,D研究,根据A boat tour,可知乘船游览是一种美妙的体验,故选C。
考查名词辨析,注意识记experience的用法。
11.D
——我听说袁隆平去世了感到很悲伤。——我也是。我们失去了一位英雄。他对杂交水稻的成就帮助中国人解决了吃饭的问题。surveys调查;reports报告;researches研究;achievements成就。根据“on hybrid rice”可知讲述的是袁隆平的成就,用名词 “achievements”。故选D。
考查名词辨析,平时多增加词汇,并善于分类记忆。
12.C
天正在下大雨,请带雨伞。A: stone石头 B: flower花 C: umbrella伞 D: postcard明信片,根据上文天正在下雨,可知要带雨伞,应用umbrella。故选C。
考查名词辨析,注意识记名词的词义。
13.C
她经常帮妈妈扫地。break休息;match比赛;floor地板;book书本。根据sweep可知此处是指扫地。故选C。
本题考查动词词义辨析,学生需正确理解句意,掌握关键词sweep及备选词汇的中文意思是解答本题的关键。
14.B
在相机里,这些照片记录了我妈妈在很小的时候,那些明亮而难忘的时刻。A.分数;B.时刻;C.目标;D.步骤。根据In the camera, these photos record my mom's bright and unforgettable在相机里,这些照片记录了那些明亮而难忘的.....,结合选项可知讲的是记录时刻。故选B。
考查名词辨析,首先理解名词词义,然后根据关键词句In the camera, these photos record my mom's bright and unforgettable确定名词。
15.A
——你们决定全家去兴化菜花节旅游了吗?——没有。这取决于我们在今晚的家庭会议上得出的结论。conclusion结论;conversation谈话;communication交流;competition比赛。 根据Have you decided whether to take thefamily trip to Xinghua Cauliflower 可知是否去兴化菜花节取决于家庭会议的结论。故答案为A。
考查名词辨析。理解句意和每个名词的意义,找到符合句意的词语。
16.A
当我有困难的时候,我的老师给了我很多在学习英语方面的意见,A.建议;B.主意;C.问题;D.回复。give sb. advice on sth.,在某事方面给某人意见,固定短语,故选A。
考查名词辨析和固定搭配。注意固定搭配give sb. advice on sth.。
17.D
——你最喜欢哪个季节 ——冬天。因为我喜欢雪。根据答句中的snow可知,前面说的是冬天,故选D。
考查名词辨析,注意根据常识进行判断。
18.A
——斯科特,你的工作是什么?——我在一家电台工作。job工作;name名字;number数字,号码。根据“I work at a radio station.”我在一家电台工作。可知,此处问的是工作。故选A。
考查名词辨析。注意识记job,name和number的词义及用法。
19.C
——我家的规矩太多了。——太可怕了。但你必须遵守它们。rule规矩;maps地图;rules规矩。too many后跟可数名词复数,因此排除A;根据“It's terrible. But you have to follow them.”太可怕了。但你必须遵守它们。可知,此处应该是家里的规矩太多。故选C。
考查名词辨析。注意识记too many后接名词复数,掌握名词rule和map的词义及用法。
20.A
在中国,人们在中秋节吃月饼。A.月饼;B.饺子;C.粽子。根据常识可知,中秋节应该是吃月饼,故选A。
考查名词辨析和生活常识。注意识记mooncake的词义和根据常识选择正确的选项。
21.D
老师有时会充当向导,帮助你们走出困境,引领你们的人生走向正确的道路。A.官员;B.音乐家;C.工程师;D.导游。根据help you out and lead your life to be right way帮助你们走出困境,引领你们的人生走向正确的道路,可知是老师作为向导,故选D。
考查名词辨析,首先理解名词词义,然后根据关键词句help you out and lead your life to be right way确定名词。