(共31张PPT)
Presentation
人教新目标版 八年级(下册)
Presentation
Learning Objectives
1. 通过观看视频和图片，能够正确地回答问题，能够使用情态动词could练习表示有礼貌请求和请求许可的对话；能够根据情景和图片，说出有礼貌请求和请求许可的句子。
2.通过阅读翻译GF里的句子，能够完成GF的句子填空；通过观察GF里的句子，能够完成语法句子填空，能够说出“Could you (please) … ”用于礼貌地提出要求、表达意愿的用法及“Could I … ”用于委婉地获取许可的用法以及句子的答语。
3.通过完成4a/4b/4c,能够正确地判断句子是有礼貌请求还是请求许可，能够正确地匹配答语，能够根据情景完成句子填空，能够谈论野营活动需要的物品以及物品的来源，能够学会待人有礼貌，尊重他人。
Presentation
Activity 1
Lead to objective 1 test it
Watch and fill
评价标准：观看视频完成句子，正确填出1个空格得1分，共4分；正确回答最后2个问题得2分。此活动共6分。 我得（ ）分。
Let’s watch a video and fill in the blanks.
1.请大家马上戴上耳罩可以吗？
_________ please put earmuffs on right away
2. 请你帮我传话给他们可以吗？
________ please give them a
message for me
3. 请把门后的钥匙拿给我。
_________please get the key off
the back of the door for me
4.我要纸巾。
_______ have a napkin
Could you
Could you
Could you
Could I
polite requests
polite requests for permission
Presentation
Activity 2
Lead to objective 1 test it
Look and say
评价标准：观看图片根据语境完成句子，正确填出1个空格得1分，共4分。加上下1页，此活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。
Complete the sentences according to the pictures and key words.
If your mom want you to......
take the dog for a walk
____________ take the dog for a walk
Could you please
OK, _____ I want to watch one show first.
but
If your mom want you to......
take out the rubbish
____________ take out the rubbish
Could you please
Yes, sure/_________.
No problem
Presentation
Activity 2
Lead to objective 1 test it
Look and say
评价标准：观看图片根据语境完成句子，正确填出1个空格得1分，共4分。加上下1页，此活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。
Complete the sentences according to the pictures and key words.
If you want to......
go out for dinner with your friends
______ go out for dinner with my friends
Could I
____, that should be OK.
Sure
If you want to......
get something to drink
after the movie
_______ get something to drink after the movie
Could we
Sorry/No, you ____. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
can’t
Presentation
Activity 3
Lead to objective 1 test it
Look and say
评价标准：根据学过的语法和上面的练习完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共4分。加上下1页，此活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。
Let's think and fill in the blanks.
1.When we need to ask others for help, we should say __________________, because it sounds more polite.
2.When we can help others, we should say __________________________.
3.When we can't help others, we should say ___________.
Could you please ...
Sure / Of course / All right
Sorry, I can't
用could 提问，必须用____回答！
can
Presentation
Activity 3
Lead to objective 1 test it
Look and fill
评价标准：根据语境说明和图片完成问句填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共4分。加上上1页，此活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。
Cinderella needs some help, or she couldn't go to the party on time. So she asks her friends for help!
Let's think and fill in the blanks.
_________________________
Yes, sure. / Of course. / All right. /OK.
Sorry, I can't. I'm busy now.
Could you please sweep the floor
____________________________
Could you please take out the rubbish
_______________________
Could you please do the dishes
________________________
Could you please fold the clothes
Presentation
Activity 4
Lead to objective 1 test it
Look and say
评价标准：根据学过的语法和上面的练习完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共4分。加上下1页，此活动共9分。 我得（ ）分。
Let's think and fill in the blanks.
When we need to ask for permission to do something, we should say ___________, because it sounds more polite.
If you can do that, they will say ___________.
If you can't do that, they will say ___________.
Could I ...
Yes, you can
No, you can't
用could提问，必须用____ or ____回答！
can
can't
Presentation
Activity 4
Lead to objective 1 test it
Look and fill
评价标准：根据语境说明和图片完成问句填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共5分。加上上1页，此活动共9分。 我得（ ）分。
After Cinderella finishes the chores, she is going to the party.She asked her stepmother for permission to do something.
Let's think and fill in the blanks.
________________
Could I go to the party
Sure, that should be OK!/Sure, you can.
______________________
Could I have a beautiful dress
_______________________
Could I have a nice pair of shoes
_____________________
Could I stay after 12 o'clock
No, you _____. You have to be back before 12 o'clock.
can't
Presentation
Activity 5
Lead to objective 2 test it
Read and fill
评价标准：根据GF里的句子和汉语完成句子，正确填出1个句子得1分，共8分。此活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。
Read the sentences and translate them.
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.
1.我可以和朋友一起出去吃饭吗？_________go out for dinner ____________
当然那应该可以。_____, that should be OK.
2.看完电影后我们可以买些喝的东西吗？
________ get something ________ after the movie
不，你不可以。你明天有场篮球赛。
No, you _____, you have _________________ tomorrow.
3.请问你可以带着狗去散步吗？__________please take the dog_________
可以，但是我想先观看一场表演。___, but I want ________________ first.
4.请问你可以把垃圾带出去吗？
__________please _______the rubbish 是的，当然可以。Yes，______ .
Could I
with my friends
Sure
Could we to drink
can’t a basketball game
Could you
for a walk
OK to watch one show
Could you take out
Sure
Presentation
Activity 6
Lead to objective 2 test it
Look and say
评价标准：观看图片说出人物正在做的家务名称，正确说出1个家务名称得1分，共4分。此活动共4分。 我得（ ）分。
Read the sentences in GF and answer the two questions .
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
出去吃晚饭
喝点东西
遛狗
倒垃圾
asking for permission
asking for polite requests
What modal verb(情态动词) do these two kinds of sentences have in common
Presentation
Activity 7
Lead to objective 2 test it
Look and say
评价标准：探究情态动词could的用法，正确填出1个空格得1分，共4分。此活动共4分。 我得（ ）分。
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
Let's explore(探究) the usage of modal verb-could.
情态动词could的基本用法
1. 含义：“能够， 可能” 2. 是can的_______，比can更_____;3. 不能作____, 没有人称和数的变化，后加________.
过去式
委婉
谓语
动词原形
Presentation
Activity 8
Lead to objective 2 test it
Look and say
评价标准：根据观察和上下文完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共5分。加上下1页，此活动共13分。 我得（ ）分。
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
情态动词could具体用法
(一)用于委婉提出要求或请求(make requests politely) Could you please...
Could you please not put everything on the floor
Could you please+_____... 意为 “能请你…吗？”
V.原
What can you find？
否定：Could you please+______+____...
意为 “能请你(不)…吗？”
not
V.原
Could you please ____ me fix up the bike
Could you please _________ here？
not smoke
help
Discuss: How to answer
Presentation
Activity 8
Lead to objective 2 test it
Look and say
评价标准：根据观察和上下文完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共8分。加上上1页，此活动共13分。 我得（ ）分。
情态动词could具体用法
(一)用于委婉提出要求或请求(make requests politely) Could you please...
探究“Could you please”的回答
肯定回答：
Yes, I ___. /Yes, sure. / Of course, I ____./All right. /Certainly. / No problem./I’d love to. /With _______. /That should be OK.
否定回答：
Sorry, I ______. I have to ...
I’m afraid I ______. I am doing ...
I’d ________, but I’m going to ...
can
can
pleasure
can't
can’t
love to
--Could you please help me carry these boxes
--Yes, _____. /Sorry, I _____. My hands are full.
sure
can't
对别人的请求许可的回答，一般只用can，而不用could.
Presentation
Lead to objective 2
Look and learn
Could表委婉请求的用法
在表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中，常用could代替can，表示礼貌，委婉或不确定的语气，而can则不具备这些语气。这时不能把could看作can的过去式。
could与can表达“提出请求”的区别
A. can表示一般性的请求，语气随便，常用于熟人之间或长辈对辈、上级对下级的场合； 1). Can you tell us your story, Tony
你能给我们讲讲你的故事吗，Tony？
B. could表示有礼貌的请求，语气委婉，常用于非熟人之间或晚辈对长辈、下级对上级的场合。
—Could you tell us if it snows in winter in Australia 请告诉我们，澳大利亚冬天下雪吗？—Sure.当然可以。
表示请求允许,could和can都可以，但could语气更委婉。
常见表示委婉请求的句型
① Could you please + do sth.
② Could you + do sth.
③ Would you please + do sth.
④ Would you + do sth.
⑤ Would you mind + doing sth. 你介意……吗？
⑥ Would you like + to do sth. 你愿意...吗
⑦ What about doing sth. ......怎么样？
Presentation
Activity 9
Lead to objective 2 test it
Look and say
评价标准：根据观察和上下文完成句子填空，正确填出1个空格得1分，共5分。此活动共13分。 我得（ ）分。
Could I go out for dinner with my friends Sure, that should be OK.
Could we get something to drink after the movie No, you can’t. You have a basketball game tomorrow.
Could you please take the dog for a walk OK, but I want to watch one show first.
Could you please take out the rubbish Yes, sure.
(二)用于委婉请求许可(Ask for permission politely)
情态动词could具体用法
Could+I+________+其它？
动词原形
肯定回答： Yes, you ____. / Of course you ____. /Yes, please./OK./All
right./ No problem./Sure, that should be OK.
否定回答：Sorry(No), you ___. /I'm afraid you ____. /No, you mustn’t.
Could I go out for dinner with my friends
can
can
can't
can't
常见表示请求允许的句型
① May I + do sth. ② Can I + do sth. ③ Could I + do sth.
④ Might I + do sth. ⑤ Do you mind if I + do sth.
⑥ Shall I/we + do sth.
Presentation
Lead to objective 2
Look and learn
情态动词could 的用法
1. can 的过去时，表示能力，意为“能够，会”
I could play the piano when I was six years old.
2. 表示对过去、现在或将来的某种猜测，表推测，但把握不大。意为“可能”。
He could have gone home. 他可能已经回家了。
He couldn’t be at the school then.那时他不可能在学校。
3. 表示委婉的给出建议，委婉地向别人提出建议，意为“可以做…。”
4.用于委婉地请求别人做某事或请求许可(见前面的内容)
3)在表示可能性方面,没有时间区别,can 可能性比could 大；
can一般用于否定句和疑问句. He can’t be at home.他不可能在家.
注意和may not 的区别. He may not be at home.他可能不在家.
也可以用于肯定句An accident can happen if you do this.如果你这样做,可能会发生事故。
could和can的区别如下：
1)can 表示现在的能力,could 表示过去的能力.如：He can speak a little English now. She could play the piano when she was five.
2)在表示请求许可时,没有时间区别,在语气上could 更加委婉客气.
如：Can I use your pen Could I have a look at your book
Presentation
Activity 10
Lead to objective 3 test it
Look and say
评价标准：先读句子判断R or P，判断正确1个句子得1分，共5分；然后匹配正确的答语，匹配正确1个句子得1分，共5分。此活动共10分。 我得（ ）分。
4a
Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match each one with the correct response.
P
R
P
R
R
d
a
c
e
b
pass [pɑ s] v. 给；递；走过；通过
pass sb. sth. =pass sth. to sb.递给某人某物
borrow [ b r ] v. 借 ;借用
borrow sth. from sb.
lend [lend] v. 借给；借出（lent）
lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.
给你
get sth.+形容词 使某物处于某种状态
Presentation
Activity 11
Lead to objective 3 test it
Look and fill
评价标准：根据语境和上下文完成句子填空，正确填出1个句子得1分，共8分。此活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。
4b
Fill in the blanks in the conversation.
A: I hate to ______ chores.
B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.
A: Really Great! _____ I ask you to _____ me with some chores then
B: What do you need help with
A: _______ you please _______ my clothes for me
B: I don’t want to do that! It’s boring!
A: OK. Then ________ you _______ do the dishes for me
B: Sure, no problem. But _______ we go to the movies after that
A: Sure. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.Then we can go to the movies.
do
Could
help
Could
fold
could
please
could
chore n. [t ] 杂务；乏味无聊的工作
chore可数名词do chores =do housework做家务
hate [he t] v. 厌恶；讨厌
hate=dislike hate to do sth. 讨厌做某事
while [wa l] conj. 与…同时；当…时候；而；然而
Presentation
Lead to objective 3
Look and say
Presentation
Lead to objective 3
Look and say
What should they do
before the trip
buy some food
buy some drinks
bring a camera
take a big cloth
bring a tent
take an umbrella
take a rubbish bag
prepare some activities
How do they make polite requests
Presentation
Activity 12
Lead to objective 3 test it
Look and say
评价标准：根据前2页的提示，先列出4个需要带的物品，共得4分；然后小组成员对话讨论谁能够带这些物品，每个学生再得4分，共8分。此活动共8分。 我得（ ）分。
4c
Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart.
To-do list Name
bring a tent Liu Chang
...
...
...
...
Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang
Sorry, I can’t. I have to...
prepare some food and drinks
bring a picnic mat (垫子）
bring some rubbish bags
bring a camera
A: Could you please bring a tent, Liu Chang
B: Sure. And could you please bring a camera, Mary
C: Sorry, I can't. I have to prepare some food and drinks.
D: I'd like to bring a camera. And could I prepare some cards We
can play a card game there.
A: That's a good idea. And I'll bring some matches and a flashlight.
Presentation
Lead to objective 3
Look and say
Let’s help them to be polite.
Mom, could I watch TV,
please.
Could you
please help me with this math
problem ！
It’s important for us to be polite in our daily life.
Politeness is a kind of language.
Respect others is respect yourself.
Presentation
Summary
Lead to objective 3
Look and say
(2)用于请求、许可 Make polite requests
Could I go out for dinner with my friends
(1) 用于委婉提出要求或请求 Ask for permission
Could you please help me fix up the bike
(5)表推测. 比can可能性要小，用于肯定句中。 “可能” He could have gone home.
(3) 表能力. can的过去式. “能够“
I could play the piano when I was six years old.
(4)表委婉的建议. “可以做...“
You could ask your teacher for help.
Could
Presentation
Language points
help out (with something) 是一个动词短语， 表示在某人繁忙或是遇到困难时“给予帮助”。注意：help 与out 之间还可以加具体的人
1.Tony, could you please help out with a few things
考点
help out
You watch TV all the time and never help out around the house!
They helped (us) out with the clean-up.
two hours of TV虽为复数，但却表达一种整体的观念。当时间、长度、距离或其他可数名词表示一个完整的整体概念作主语时，其后的谓语动词用其单数形式。
2. I think two hours of TV is enough for you!
考点
整体作主语
Two months is quite a long time.
Thirty students is not a big number for a class.
Presentation
Language points
3 . Could you please pass me the salt
考点
pass
(1) 给；递 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人
(2)走过；通过 A car passed just now. 一辆车刚才经过了。
(3)(时间) 过去；流逝 The days passed slowly. 日子慢慢过去。
(4)考试及格 I was happy that I passed the exam.
4. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.
while作连词，意为＂在……期间；当……的时候＂，
While children have fun, parents can take dance lessons on the beach.
(1)作连词，常用来引导时间状语从句
While I was doing my homework last night, my parents were watching TV.
(2)用作并列连词时，意为＂然而＂，表示对比
Some people waste food while others don’t have enough.
(3)作名词，意为＂一会儿；一段时间＂We are off for a while.
Presentation
Language points
5 . Could you lend me some money
lend作动词，意为＂借给；借出＂。其后常跟双宾语，即lend sb. sth.=lend sth. to sb.意为＂借给某人某物；把某物借给某人＂。
考点
lend
Could you lend me some books
=Could you lend some books to me
(1) lend 借出 非延续性动词，表示主语把东西借给别人，
常用结构：lend sb sth或lend sth to sb
(2)borrow 借入非延续性动词，表示主语向别人借东西，
常用结构：borrow sth from sb
(3)keep 借(多久) 延续性动词，表示＂借某物多长时间＂，与表示一段时间的时间状语连用
Presentation
Self-evaluation
本节课共99 分 ，我共得（ ）分。
我的评价等级（在等级括号内打钩）：
获得至少80分 ，优秀（ ）；
获得至少70分 ，良好（ ）；
获得至少60分 ，合格（ ）。
【学后反思】
一、完成自我评价表：
1.本节课我共新学单词和短语有___________个，能完全记住并会初步使用的有：___________________________________________________; 还不能记住和使用的有：______________________________________________________________________________
2.对我有帮助的学习方法有（请在括号里打钩）：
( )(1)能够通过对话和探究来学习本课Could表示委婉请求和请求许可的用法。
( )(2)能够积极参与课堂，学会了知识的总结和归纳。
( )(3)能够通过问题引领思考来学习语法。
( )(4)能够通过观察和讨论来总结本节课要学习的语法。
Presentation
Homework
Copy the sentences and translate them in the box of Grammar Focus.
Make a conversation according to the information in the chart of 4c and your discussion.
Preview:
New words and phrases in Section B(1a-1e)
https://www.21cnjy.com/help/help_extract.phpUnit 3 Could you please clean your room Section A Grammar focus-4c 导学案
班级： 姓名：
科目： 授课教师：
学习目标 1. 通过观看视频和图片，能够正确地回答问题，能够使用情态动词could练习表示有礼貌请求和请求许可的对话；能够根据情景和图片，说出有礼貌请求和请求许可的句子。2.通过阅读翻译GF里的句子，能够完成GF的句子填空；通过观察GF里的句子，能够完成语法句子填空，能够说出“Could you (please) … ”用于礼貌地提出要求、表达意愿的用法及“Could I … ”用于委婉地获取许可的用法以及句子的答语。3.通过完成4a/4b/4c,能够正确地判断句子是有礼貌请求还是请求许可，能够正确地匹配答语，能够根据情景完成句子填空，能够谈论野营活动需要的物品以及物品的来源，能够学会待人有礼貌，尊重他人。
学习重难点 重点：1.通过情景体验学习，能够掌握“Could you (please) … ”用于礼貌地提出要求、表达意愿的用法及“Could I/we … ”用于委婉地获取许可的用法。2. 能够掌握could的常见用法（表能力，表建议，表推测）。 难点：掌握“Could you (please) … ”用于礼貌地提出要求、表达意愿的用法及“Could I/we … ”用于委婉地获取许可的用法。
自学指导 自学检测及课堂展示
课前预习 1.情态动词could①含义：________________②是___________的过去式，比它更委婉;③__________(不能/能)作谓语, _________(有/没有)人称和数的变化，后加______________. 2、写出句子结构。(1) 委婉而有礼貌的请求他人做某事（make requests）__________________________+v. 动词原形礼貌地请求他人允许自己做某事（ask for permission）__________________________+v. 动词原形
情景导入 I.Let’s watch a video and fill in the blanks.1.请大家马上戴上耳罩可以吗？_________ please put earmuffs on right away 2. 请你帮我传话给他们可以吗？________ please give them a message for me 3. 请把门后的钥匙拿给我。_________please get the key off the back of the door for me 4.我要纸巾。_______ have a napkin plete the sentences according to the pictures and key words. III. Let's think and fill in the blanks.
学习理解 I.Read the sentences and translate them.Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus.1.我可以和朋友一起出去吃饭吗？_________go out for dinner ____________ 当然那应该可以。_____, that should be OK.2.看完电影后我们可以买些喝的东西吗？________ get something ________ after the movie 不，你不可以。你明天有场篮球赛。No, you _____, you have _________________ tomorrow.3.请问你可以带着狗去散步吗？__________please take the dog_________ 可以，但是我想先观看一场表演。___, but I want ________________ first.4.请问你可以把垃圾带出去吗？__________please _______the rubbish 是的，当然可以。Yes，______ .II.Read the sentences in GF and answer the two questions .Which sentence is asking for requests Which sentence is asking for permission What modal verb(情态动词) do these two kinds of sentences have in common III.Let's explore(探究) the usage of modal verb-could.情态动词could的基本用法1. 含义：“能够， 可能” 2. 是can的_______，比can更_____;IV.Learn the usage of “Could you please… 情态动词could具体用法 V.Could表委婉请求的用法 略VI.Learn the usage of “Could I/we… ” 情态动词could具体用法 VII.情态动词could 的用法 略
应用实践-
I.4a.Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match each one with the correct response. II.4b.Fill in the blanks in the conversation. A: I hate to ______ chores.B: Well, I hate some chores too, but I like other chores.A: Really Great! _____ I ask you to _____ me with some chores then B: What do you need help with A: _______ you please _______ my clothes for me B: I don’t want to do that! It’s boring!A: OK. Then ________ you _______ do the dishes for me B: Sure, no problem. But _______ we go to the movies after that A: Sure. I’ll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.Then we can go to the movies.III. Look and say.略IV. 4c.Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart. V.Look and say.略VI.Summary.略VII.Language points.略
课堂练习 一、单项选择1．—Could you ________ me your bike —Sorry, Lily has ________ it.A.lend; borrowed B.borrow; lent C.lend; lent D.borrow; borrowed2. — Dad, it's too hot. ____I swim in the lake with my friends — No, you ______. That's too dangerous! A. Could; mustn't B. Need; couldn't C. Must; needn't D. Should; can’t3.—Could you please help me wash the car, Tony —____, I'm studying for my coming English test now.That's right B. I'm sorry C. It doesn't matter D. Not at all二、根据汉语意思完成句子。①你能把你的电子词典借给我吗？ Could you _________ your e-dictionary ________ me ②鲍勃，我能借你一些钱吗？Bob, could I ___________ some money _________ you ③这本书你可以借两周。You can ______________ this book for two weeks. ④你们做作业时，请不要闲聊。Please don’t chat ___________ you’re ___________ your homework.
作业 Copy the sentences and translate them in the box of Grammar Focus.Make a conversation according to the information in the chart of 4c and your discussion.Preview: New words and phrases in Section B(1a-1e)
【参考答案】
课前预习 ①“能够， 可能”②can ③不能 ; 没有; 动词原形.(1)Could you please (2) Could I / we
情景导入 I.Let’s watch a video and fill in the blanks.plete the sentences according to the pictures and key words. III. Let's think and fill in the blanks.
学习理解 I.Read the sentences and translate them.Fill in the blanks according to grammar focus. II.Read the sentences in GF and answer the two questions .III.Let's explore(探究) the usage of modal verb-could. IV.Learn the usage of “Could you please… 情态动词could具体用法V.Could表委婉请求的用法 VI.Learn the usage of “Could I/we… ” 情态动词could具体用法 VII.情态动词could 的用法
应用实践-
I.4a.Write R for requests and P for permissions. Then match each one with the correct response. II.4b.Fill in the blanks in the conversation. III. Look and say. IV. 4c.Make a list of things your group needs to do for a camping trip. Then discuss who will do them and complete the chart. V.Look and say. VI.Summary.VII.Language points.略
课堂练习 单项选择AAB根据汉语意思完成句子1.lend to 2.borrow from 3. keep 4.while doing
作业 略中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Section AGrammar-4c语言精讲与分层作业
语言点精讲
1. Could I hang out with my friends after the movie
hang out 闲逛
hang out为固定短语，此时hang的过去式和过去分词均为hung。
She is hanging out with her friends in the shopping mall.
【拓展延伸】 含hang的其他常见短语：
hang out 抓紧；别挂电话
hang up 挂断电话
hang together (观点等)前后一致
hang back 犹豫；留下，吞吞吐吐
Could you please pass me the salt
pass v. 给；递；走过；通过
pass在此处为及物动词，意为“给；递”。pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.，意为“把某物递给某人”。如果sth. 为代词，只能用pass sth. to sb. 结构
He passed me the magazine. = He passed the magazine to me.
This ball is Owen's. Please pass it to him.
拓展延伸】 pass作动词的其他常见含义：
pass走过；通过
The road was so narrow that cars were unable to pass.
及格；合格I was happy that I passed the exam.
(时间) 过去；流逝
The days passed slowly.
Could I borrow that book Could you lend me some money
borrow v.借；借用 lend v. 借给；借出
【易混辨析】 borrow与lend
borrow
“借；借用”，指主语从别人处“借来”东西自己使用。
borrow sth. (from sb.)（向某人）借某物
lend(lent, lent)
“借给；借出”，指主语把自己的东西“借出”给别人使用。lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
You can borrow a book from the library.
He’s going to lend his bike to Tom.
You mustn’t lend others my pen.
【拓展延伸】keep也可表示“借”，是延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的状语连用。keep sth. for some time表示“借用某物一段时间”。而lend与borrow是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。
Nick borrowed a book from the library and he lent it to me. He told me that I could keep it for a week.
【巧学妙记】主语借出用lend，主语借入用borrow，想要保存用keep。
I'll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes.
while conj. 与……同时；当……的时候；而；然而
（1）while在此处作连词，引导时间状语从句，强调在从句动作发生的同时，主句动作也在进行。
While I was doing my homework, my father was reading a book.
（2）while作连词，还可表示“而；然而”，强调两者之间的对比。
This shirt fits better while that one has a nicer style.
分层作业
一、单词拼写
1．—Could you please (not smoke) in the room —Oh, I’m sorry.
2．Would you mind (sweep) the floor
3．Tony failed (pass) the exam.
4．Did you (hate) playing with other children
5．He will leave for Shanghai as soon as he (finish) his work.
二、完成句子
6．她一回来我就告诉她这件事。（完成译句）
I’ll tell her about it she comes back.
7．当她妈妈出去的时候, 谁照顾这个婴儿
Who′s going to the baby while her mother is away
8．Pass me the new shirt. (用could改写句子)
pass the new shirt to me
9．—Could you please open the window (作肯定回答)
— , .
10．—Could I go to see the movies (作否定回答)
— , .
三、单项选择
11．—Could I smoke here —_______. Look at the sign” No smoking!”
A．Yes, you may. B．Of course you can.
C．No, you can’t. D．No, you couldn’t.
12．— Ruby, could you please help me do some washing
— ________. Mom, I’ m studying for my English test.
A．Go ahead B．No problem C．Sorry, I can’t D．Yes, of course
13．—May I ________ your camera, Mike
—Sorry, I ________ it to Li Ping.
borrow; lend B．borrow; lent C．lend; borrow D．lent; borrowed
14．—Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday, Mom
—Of course you ________. That sounds like fun.
A．may B．could C．must D．can
15．—Could you go to the new movie with me now
—Sorry, I _____. Look, it’s time for me to watch The Reader on CCTV.
A．can’t B．can C．needn’t D．must
16．—Could you help me carry the chair to my office
—________. It’s a piece of cake.
A．No problem B．I’m afraid not C．You’re welcome D．No, I can’t
17．Many students________history because they think it’s boring.
A．like B．hate C．agree D．enjoy
18．Every day my mother has ________ to do.
A．so many housework B．such many chores
C．so much chores D．so much housework
19．I’ll go to visit my aunt in England _______ the summer holiday starts.
A．while B．since C．until D．as soon as
20．—Which of the two sweaters will you take
—________ are OK. They are for my two cousins.
A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither
四、阅读理解
My parents do 10 hours’ housework a week. My mother does most of the housework, like cooking and folding the clothes. My father can only do the washing, sweep the floor and take out the trash. He really needs to learn how to do housework. Linda, 14
My mother and my father each do 50% of the housework. My mother does the washing and cleans the living room. My father makes the bed and drives me to school. Celina, 13
My father doesn’t do a lot but he tries to help. He hangs up the clothes after my mother does the washing and my mother is happy that he always gives her a hand. Paul, 16
My mother is a doctor. She is busy with her work every day, so she has little time to do housework. In fact she isn’t good at doing housework. So my father has to do most of it. Sometimes my grandmother comes to help. Bill, 15
21．Linda’s father doesn’t ________ at home.
A．do the washing B．take out the trash C．sweep the floor D．fold the clothes
22．How does Celina go to school
A．By bike. B．By bus. C．By car. D．By subway.
23．The underlined phrase “hangs up” means ________ in Chinese.
A．闲逛 B．晾晒 C．熨烫 D．清洗
24．Whose father does most of the housework
A．Linda’s. B．Celina’s. C．Paul’s. D．Bill’s.
25．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Linda is one year older than Celina but one year younger than Bill.
B．Celina’s father needs to learn how to do housework.
C．Paul’s mother is angry with his father because he never helps her with housework.
D．Bill’s grandmother helps Bill with his schoolwork.
Unit3 Section A Grammar focus-4c 语言精讲与分层作业答案
一、单词拼写
1．—Could you please (not smoke) in the room
—Oh, I’m sorry.
【答案】not smoke
【详解】句意：——请你不要在房间里抽烟好吗？——哦，对不起。Could为情态动词，后应用动词原形，not置于Could后、实义动词smoke前，故填not smoke。
2．Would you mind (sweep) the floor
【答案】sweeping
【详解】句意：你介意扫地吗？mind doing sth“介意做某事”，此空应填动名词，故填sweeping。
3．Tony failed (pass) the exam.
【答案】to pass
【详解】句意：托尼考试不及格。fail to do sth做某事失败，空处应填动词不定式，故填to pass。
4．Did you (hate) playing with other children
【答案】hate
【详解】句意： 你讨厌和别的孩子一起玩吗？hate“讨厌”，动词。根据空前的助动词“Did”可知，动词用原形。故填hate。
5．He will leave for Shanghai as soon as he (finish) his work.
【答案】finishes
【详解】句意：他一完成工作就动身去上海。as soon as引导的时间状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句为一般将来时，从句要用一般现在时；从句主语是he，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填finishes。
二、完成句子
6．她一回来我就告诉她这件事。（完成译句）
I’ll tell her about it she comes back.
【答案】 as soon as
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处应填as soon as表示“一……就……”，引导时间状语从句。故填as；soon；as。
7．当她妈妈出去的时候, 谁照顾这个婴儿
Who′s going to the baby while her mother is away
【答案】 take care of
【详解】分析句子可知，主句为一般将来时（be going to +动词原形），而且本题考查短语take care of“照顾”。故填①take②care③of。
8．Pass me the new shirt. (用could改写句子)
pass the new shirt to me
【答案】 Could you please
【详解】句意：递给我新衬衫。根据题干要求是要用could改写句子，且要改为疑问句，可知could在一般疑问句中可以表示委婉语气。原句为省略you的祈使句，变疑问句时要将you还原出来，故应为could you please，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Could；you；please。
9．—Could you please open the window (作肯定回答) — , .
【答案】 Yes sure
【详解】句意：你能开窗户吗？ Could you please…意思是“请你做……好吗”，用于表示客气的请求，是委婉说法，所以答语中不能出现could，肯定回答用Yes；题目中第二空一般用“sure”表示。故填Yes；sure。
10．Could I go to see the movies (作否定回答)
, .
【答案】 No/Sorry you can’t
【详解】句意：我能去看电影吗？根据题干要求可知是要作出否定回答，此句为could表委婉语气的一般疑问句，否定回答应是：No, you can’t.或Sorry, you can’t.，故填No/Sorry；you；can’t。
三、单项选择
11．—Could I smoke here —____. Look at the sign” No smoking!”
A．Yes, you may. B．Of course you can.
C．No, you can’t. D．No, you couldn’t.
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我能在这里吸烟吗？——不，你不能。看那个标志“禁止吸烟”。
考查情景交际。Yes, you may.是的，你可以；Of course, you can.你当然能；No, you can’t.不，你不能；No, you couldn’t.不，你不能。根据句意…the sign “No smoking”可知答案应为否定的，排除A和B。对话中用Could表示委婉的语气，答语中应用can，故应选C。
12．— Ruby, could you please help me do some washing
— ________. Mom, I’ m studying for my English test.
A．Go ahead B．No problem C．Sorry, I can’t D．Yes, of course
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Ruby，你能帮我洗几件衣服吗？——抱歉，我不能。妈妈，我正在为英语考试而学习。
考查情景交际。Go ahead开始；No problem没问题；Sorry, I can’t抱歉，我不能；Yes, of course是的，当然。根据“I’ m studying for my English test”可知，不能帮到对方洗衣服，故选C。
13．—May I ________ your camera, Mike —Sorry, I ________ it to Li Ping.
A．borrow; lend B．borrow; lent C．lend; borrow D．lent; borrowed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——迈克，我可以借用你的相机吗？——对不起，我把它借给李平了。
考查动词词义辨析和动词时态。borrow借，是主语借入，常和 from 搭配； borrowed借，borrow的过去式和过去分词；lend 借给，是主语借出，常和 to 搭配； lent借给，lend 的过去式和过去分词。根据“May I…your camera, Mike ”可知，此处指借入，且用动词原形；根据第二个空空后的“it to Li Ping”可知，此处指借出，且为过去发生的事情，此处应用lend的过去式形式lent。故选B。
14．—Could I invite my friends to the party on Saturday, Mom
—Of course you ________. That sounds like fun.
A．may B．could C．must D．can
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——妈妈，星期六我可以邀请我的朋友去参加聚会吗？——当然你可以，听上去很有趣。
考查情态动词。may可能；could能；must必须；can可以。根据“Could I invite my friends to the party” 可知此处could表示语气委婉，答语中用can表示“可以”。故选D。
15．—Could you go to the new movie with me now
—Sorry, I _____. Look, it’s time for me to watch The Reader on CCTV.
A．can’t B．can C．needn’t D．must
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——请你现在和我一起去看新电影怎么样？——对不起，我不能，看，现在是我收看中央电视台的《读者》的时候了。A. can’t不能；B. can能，会；C. needn’t不必；D. must必须。根据下文Look, it’s time for me to watch The Reader on CCTV.可知，这里是作否定回答，对于Could you+动词的原形？表示请你做某事好吗？做否定回答用can’t。根据题意，故选A。
16．—Could you help me carry the chair to my office —________. It’s a piece of cake.
A．No problem B．I’m afraid not C．You’re welcome D．No, I can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能帮助我把椅子搬到办公室吗？——没问题。小事一桩。
考查情景交际。No problem没问题；I’m afraid not我恐怕不行；You’re welcome不客气；No, I can’t不，我不能。根据下句“It’s a piece of cake”可知，愿意帮忙。故选A。
17．Many students________history because they think it’s boring.
A．like B．hate C．agree D．enjoy
【答案】B
【详解】句意：许多学生讨厌历史，因为他们认为它很无聊。
考查动词辨析。like喜欢；hate讨厌；agree同意；enjoy喜欢。根据“because they think it’s boring”可知，他们认为历史很无聊，所以学生们是不喜欢历史，所以用hate。故选B。
18．Every day my mother has ________ to do.
A．so many housework B．such many chores
C．so much chores D．so much housework
【答案】D
【详解】句意：每天我的妈妈有如此多的家务活要做。
考查形容词和名词辨析。many，修饰可数名词；much，修饰不可数名词；housework，不可数名词；chore，可数名词。应用much修饰不可数名词housework“家务活”，当名词前面有many/much/few/little修饰时，用so而不用such，排除选项A；chores是复数名词，前面应该用so many修饰，排除选项B和C。故选D。
19．I’ll go to visit my aunt in England _______ the summer holiday starts.
A．while B．since C．until D．as soon as
【答案】D
【详解】句意：暑假一开始，我就要去看望我在英国的姑姑。
考查连词辨析。A．while正当……的时候；B．since因为；C．until 直到；D．as soon as一……就……。此处是时间状语从句， 据题意，故选D。
20．—Which of the two sweaters will you take
—________ are OK. They are for my two cousins.
A．Both B．Either C．All D．Neither
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你要这两件毛衣中的哪一件？——两件都要。它们是给我的两个堂兄弟的。
考查代词辨析。Both两者都；Either两者中任意一个；All全部，指三者及以上都；Neither两者都不。根据“the two sweaters”可知，此处是在两件毛衣中做选择。结合空格后的“are”可知，此处指两件毛衣都可以，应用Both。故选A。
四、阅读理解
【答案】
21．D 22．C 23．B 24．D 25．A
【导语】
本文主要讲了几个孩子谈论爸爸妈妈做家务的事情。
【详解】
21．细节理解题。根据Linda的介绍中“My father can only do the washing, sweep the floor and take out the trash.”可知，没有提到她的父亲叠衣服。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据Celina的介绍中“My father makes the bed and drives me to school.”可知，Celina乘坐父亲的车去上学。故选C。
23．词义猜测题。分析画线短语所在句的语境及“…after my mother does the washing”可知，当Paul的母亲洗完衣服后，他的父亲总是晾衣服，hangs up意为“晾晒”。故选B。
24．细节理解题。根据Bill的介绍中“So my father has to do most of it.”可知，他的父亲做大部分家务。故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据表格内容可知，Linda是14岁，而Celina是13岁，Bill是15岁，因此Linda比Celina大一岁而比Bill小一岁，A选项表述正确。故选A。
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