Unit 4 Grammar 2024-2025年学年高中英语牛津译林版选择性必修三

(共26张PPT)
同位语从句
一、定义
同位语从句一般放在__________的后面，用以 _______ 名词所表示的具体内容。在句中作同位语。
某些抽象名词
解释或说明
二、常引导同位语从句的名词
fact（事实）, news（消息）, idea（想法）, promise, question, problem, doubt（疑问）, fear, hope, order, belief（看法）, thought, truth, suggestion, advice…
引导同位语从句的连接词
功能 例词
从属 连词 只起连接作用，不充当从句中的任何成分。 that, whether
连接 代词 既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分。 who, what，whose, which
连接 副词 既起连接作用，又在从句中担任成分（状语）。 when, where, why, how
1.如同位语从句意义、结构完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）
The fact that you haven't enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.
The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.
1.如同位语从句意义、结构完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that不充当任何成分，只起连接作用）
The fact that you haven't enough time to do the work is simply unbelievable.
The hope that he may come here is not gone yet.
2.如同位语从句意义不完整，结构完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whether引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句）
The question whether we need more time to do the work has not been discussed.
3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用连接副词when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。
I have no idea when they will go.
I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike.
名词性从句的解题步骤
一、找动词，判断主句和从句
________ he said was very important.
He wants to know ________ makes mistakes.
What
who
二、判断从句是否缺成分
（一）从句缺主语或宾语或表语或定语，选择连接代词；
（二）从句缺状语，选择连接副词；
（三）从句不缺成分，选择从属连词。
名词性从句的解题步骤
三、判断意思
（一）选择连接代词：
1、谁：who/whoever/whom/whomever
2、什么：what/whatever
3、哪一：which/whichever
4、谁的、什么的：whose
（二）选择连接副词：
1、时间：when/whenever
2、地点：where/wherever
3、原因：why
4、方式：how/however
名词性从句的解题步骤
三、判断意思
（三）选择从属连词
1、不缺意义，使用that；
2、缺意义，意为“是否”，使用whether。
从属连词that, whether
1)He told me the news ______ he would come home from abroad soon.
2)She was in doubt _________ she had made the right decision.
that
whether
小结：
that : ____意义、______成分、_______省略，只起连接作用
whether: _____意义、______成分、_______省略
无
不作
不可
有
不作
不可
只用whether引导,不用if。
连接代词what, which, who, whom, whose
1) I have no idea ________my classmate is speaking with.
2) I have no idea _______ caused the matter.
3) I have no idea _________ shoes it is.
4) I have no idea _______ one to choose.
whom
what
which
whose
小结：连接代词 ____意义、作_______________成分、_______省略
有
主、宾、定等
不可
宾
主
定
定
连接副词when, where, how, why
1) You have no idea _______ worried I was!
2) He has solved the problem ________ the TV was out of order.
3) The couple are discussing the question ________ they should have their honeymoon next month.
4) The decision _________ they will leave for Beijing hasn’t been made.
how
why
where/how
when
小结：连接副词 ____意义、作______成分、_______省略
有
状语
不可
The news that he told us at the meeting made us excited.
定语从句，修饰作用；that有意义，是连接代词, 作宾语
The news that Mary would be promoted made us excited.
同位语从句，表内容；that无意义，是连接词，不做句子成分
定语从句 vs 同位语从句
判断：定语从句还是同位语从句？
1.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries
is still unknown to many.
2.The news that is spreading around the airport is coming.
3.The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
4.We expressed the hope that they had expressed.
5. We expressed the hope that they would come to China again.
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
Chris is reading an article about the effort to save historic temples in Egypt. Find the sentences with appositive clauses.
(
)
(
)
(
)
( )
( )
(
)
(
)
(
)
Exploring the rules
Working out the rules
An appositive clause is usually placed after an abstract noun to explain its content.
We often use (1) ____, (2) _________ or a question word to introduce an appositive clause.
Nouns that can be followed by an appositive clause include fact, idea, news, opinion, etc.
whether
that
Read the sentences below and tick the one with appositive clauses.
1 We have no doubt that UNESCO is trying to protect the heritage sites.
2 This was the clue that helped the police find the man who had destroyed the ancient statues.
对doubt内容进行描述
修饰限定clue，从句缺主语
3 Many people do not know the reason why this heritage site is threatened.
4 There is no question whether we should protect our shared heritage -- we simply have to.
5 I want to plan my trip but I have no idea when the temples will open.
why修饰reason
对question内容进行描述
对idea内容进行描述
Chris meets with Miss Ma to discuss UNESCO’s work related to heritage preservation. Complete the conversation below with proper linking words to form appositive clauses.
Check your answers!
P49 B2
whether
that
how many
that
that
Practice
Some hold the belief _______ they can always find more ways of solving problems.
The decision _________ we will have the celebration next month has not been made.
We work as hard as we can in the knowledge _________ our efforts will eventually pay off.
Does anyone have any idea _______ has happened to Paul
She raised the problem ________ we could improve communication netween managers and staff.
that
that
whether
what
how
6. We have just received a warning ________ a storm is on the way.
7. There is some doubt among the students __________ the travel plan will be cancelled.
8. Many people responded positively to the suggestion _______
we should raise money for local charities.
9. We had a heated discussion on the question __________ online learning was better suited for high school students.
10. Mr Smith really has no idea _______ is wrong with their programme.
that
that
whether
whether
what
Practice
(1)We were excited at the news.
(2)Our football team had won the match.
2. (1)They had the question.
(2)Could he pass the final exam
We were excited at the news that our football team had won the match.
Practice — 合并句子。
They had the question whether he could pass the final exam.
Do you have any idea _____ all this happened
A. which B. that C. why D. whether
2. A warm thought suddenly came to me ____ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother's birthday．
A. if B. when C. that D. which
3. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class ________ he had to meet his uncle at the airport.
A. why B. that C. where D. because
选择适当的连接词。
翻译句子。
1. 我们队赢了那场比赛的消息是真的。
The news that our team has won the game is true.
2. 谁来接替他的位置，这个问题还没有决定。
The question who will take his place hasn’t been decided.