2025年人教版中考英语名词的数专项复习与练习（含答案）

中考英语名词的数专项复习
一、可数名词 vs. 不可数名词
1. 可数名词
规则：有单复数形式，可用数词直接修饰。
a book → two books an apple → three apples
易错点：部分名词中文可数，英文不可数，需用量词表达：
一张纸 → a piece of paper
一条建议 → a piece of advice
2. 不可数名词
规则：无复数形式，不可直接与a/an或数词连用。
water, milk, information, furniture
量化方法：用“量词 + of”结构：
a glass of water two cups of tea
二、名词复数变化规则
1. 规则变化
规则 例词
直接加-s book--books desk--desks
以s, x, ch, sh结尾加-es bus-- buses box--boxes
辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i加-es City--cities baby--babies
以o结尾：有生命加-es，无生命加-s Tomato--tomatoes photo--photos
以“f”“fe”结尾的，变“f”“fe”为ves Knife--knives leaf--leaves
2. 不规则变化
常见不规则名词：
man → men woman → women child → children foot → feet
tooth → teeth mouse → mice
单复数同形：sheep, fish, deer, Chinese
复合名词：主体词变复数
passer-by → passers-by son-in-law → sons-in-law
口诀记忆：
“男女孩子脚牙齿，老鼠变复数要特记（men, women, children, feet, teeth, mice）”
三、中考高频考点
1. 主谓一致：
The number of students is increasing. (强调整体数量，单数)
A number of students are reading. (强调多个个体，复数)
2. 易混淆名词：
people（人，复数） vs. person（单数）
fish（单复数同形；表种类时复数加-es：fishes）
3. 不可数名词的误用：
I have many homeworks.
I have a lot of homework.
四、实战练习
单项选择
1. There are many ______ in the room.
A. childs B. children C. child
答案：B 解析：child的复数形式为不规则变化children。
2. Could you pass me two ______
A. piece of paper B. pieces of papers C. pieces of paper
答案：C 解析：paper不可数，量词piece需变复数。
用所给名词的正确形式填空：
1. How many ______ (watch) do you have
答案：watches
2. The ______ (sheep) are eating grass.
答案：sheep（单复数同形）
专项练习:
一、单项选择
1. There are many ______ in the fridge.
A. tomato B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. tomatoies
2. Could you pass me two ______ of bread
A. piece B. pieces C. bread D. breads
3. The ______ are playing on the playground.
A. childs B. child C. children D. childes
4. We need three ______ for the experiment.
A. glass water B. glasses of water C. waters D. glass of waters
5. Look! There are some ______ under the tree.
A. sheep B. sheeps C. sheepes D. a sheep
二、用所给词的正确形式填空
1. How many ______ (book) did you borrow from the library
2. These ______ (knife) are made of stainless steel.
3. I'd like two ______ (cup) of coffee and some ______ (sandwich).
4. The teacher gave us some useful ______ (advice).
5. There are many ______ (fish) in the lake near my home.
三、改错题
1. There are five womans in the photo.
→ ______
2. We need two bottle of milks.
→ ______
3. The childrens are flying kites happily.
→ ______
4. I have three pieces of papers here.
→ ______
5. She bought some potatos and tomatos.
→ ______
四、翻译句子
1. 桌子上有两瓶果汁和三个苹果。
2. 这些信息对我很有用。（提示：information）
3. 森林里有很多鹿和狼。
4. 请给我三张纸。（提示：paper）
5. 我妹妹有三件新连衣裙。
答案与解析:
一、单项选择
1. B (tomatoes, 以o结尾有生命名词加es)
2. B (不可数名词用量词：two pieces of)
3. C (child的复数形式不规则)
4. B (glass的复数+of结构)
5. A (sheep单复数同形)
二、填空
1. books
2. knives (f→ves)
3. cups; sandwiches (ch结尾加es)
4. advice (不可数名词无复数)
5. fish/fishes (表不同种类用fishes)
三、改错
1. womans → women
2. bottle → bottles; milks → milk
3. childrens → children
4. papers → paper
5. potatos → potatoes; tomatos → tomatoes
四、翻译
1. There are two bottles of juice and three apples on the table.
2. This/These information is very useful to me.
3. There are many deer and wolves in the forest.
4. Please give me three pieces of paper.
5. My sister has three new dresses.