2025年中考英语二轮复习之阅读理解—方法与哲理（含解析）

2025年中考英语二轮复习之阅读理解—方法与哲理
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025 泸县一模）One Thursday afternoon，when I was in Grade 9，a new boy came into my classroom．He was short and thin．He walked up to the teacher and told her，very seriously，that he was new．His name was Christian．He sat down，took a look at me，and then looked away．I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I would like to become friends with．
During that year，I didn't talk to him much，but he smiled at me when our eyes met，always shyly．He never ate lunch with anybody，and he never talked to anybody but me．
But one day I joined those unkind kids who were making fun of him．We made fun of him though I thought it was wrong．
"Haven't you got any friends？" a kid asked Christian，who had walked past us alone，head down．
"No，he hasn't got any friends．He's too stupid and shy，" I said．Then Christian looked up at me with the saddest dog eyes I had ever seen．I felt very sorry at that moment．
That night，I couldn't sleep because I couldn't get Christian's face out of my mind．In the weeks that followed，he never met my eyes in class and never smiled at me．It was really hard for me to decide to write him a note asking him to forgive（原谅） me．But I thought I should．
The next day in class，I wrote him a note telling him how sorry I felt．About five minutes later，I turned and saw tears in his eyes． "You will never realize what your apology（道歉） has meant to me，Jimmy．" he said to me． "I hope we can become friends．"
We had lunch together that noon and we had the best talk I had ever had．Over the years at high school，we were close friends．
When I think back，I realize that，if I had not apologized，I would never have known what a lovely person Christian was．
Apologies can really change your life，so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry．
（1）From the passage，we know Christian was a 　 　 boy．
A．tall and fat
B．short and shy
C．short and active
D．lovely and fat
（2）Jimmy didn't talk to Christian much at first because 　 　．
A．he didn't think Christian was the type he wanted to become friends with
B．Christian wasn't nice to people around him after he came to the new class
C．Christian made friends with others
D．Christian had the saddest dog eyes
（3）Jimmy felt 　 　 after he made fun of Christian with other unkind kids．
A．happy
B．interested
C．sorry
D．bored
（4）Jimmy asked Christian to forgive him by 　 　．
A．sending an e﹣mail
B．wearing a smile
C．eating supper together
D．writing a note
（5）This article tells us that 　 　．
A．we should make an apology when we hurt others
B．Jimmy's apology was unimportant to Christian
C．Christian wasn't lovely in fact
D．it is impossible to say sorry to others
2．（2025 东辽县一模） ①"I will think of it."It is easy to say this，but do you know what great things have come from thinking？Though we can not see，or hear，or feel our thoughts，they are powerful.
②Isaac Newton was seated in his garden on a summer evening when he saw an apple fall from a tree.He began to think，and tried to find out why the apple fell.Then he discovered how the earth，sun，moon，and stars are kept in their places.
③James Ferguson once saw the inside of his father's watch，and he wondered，"Why should I not make a watch？"This set him thinking and it led to a wooden clock which kept good time.
④Walt Disney，the famous American film﹣maker，was often thinking of new ideas.One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stopped talking，deep in thought.He looked and looked at a place high up in the room.This continued for a long time，and then he got an idea for a new cartoon.
⑤Ideas come at any time，and the important thing is to think.When you meet with any difficulty，don't lose heart.Try to think of it before asking someone to help you.Think and by thinking you will learn how to think creatively.
（1）Isaac Newton wanted to find out 　 　.
A.who made the apple fall
B.where the apple fell
C.when the apple hit him
D.why the apple fell
（2）Walt Disney was 　 　 when he got an idea for a new cartoon.
A.telling a story
B.having a meeting
C.making a film
D.sitting in a garden
（3）Which word can best describe the three people according to the passage？ 　 　
A.Lucky.
B.Funny.
C.Helpful.
D.Creative.
（4）What is the structure（结构） of the passage？ 　 　
（①＝Paragraph 1，②＝Paragraph 2，…）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）From the passage we can learn that 　 　.
A.it is easy to see and hear our thoughts
B.every one of us likes thinking
C.we should always ask others for help
D.thinking helps to get new ideas
3．（2024 十堰一模） Have you ever wanted to grow some vegetables at home by yourself？Spinach （菠菜） is a great choice.It grows easily throughout the year and it has many health benefits.
When should you plant spinach？
Spinach can survive （存活） temperatures as low as —7 degrees Celsius （摄氏度），but that's not good for its growth.Spinach seeds sprout （发芽） best in soil temperatures between 7 and 24 degrees Celsius.Once the seeds have sprouted，the vegetable grows best in daytime temperatures between 15 and 27 degrees Celsius.Temperatures above 29 degrees Celsius can influence its taste，making it bitter.
Where should you grow spinach？
Pot size：A 15﹣ to 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot would be the best.Depending on your space，it can be as wide as you want.
Make sure your pot has a hole at the bottom.
Soil：For growing spinach in pots，use a mix rich in organic matter （有机物）.Make sure it won't get waterlogged （浸透水的） easily.
Spacing：Give each spinach plant seven centimeters of space.If you want to harvest （收获） large leaves，give each plant a little more space.
Position：If you are growing spinach in the fall and winter，keep the plants in a sunny place.Make sure they receive at least four hours of direct sunlight every day.For spring and summer planting，place your plants in a position that receives some shade （阴凉），especially in the afternoon.
How should you take care of your spinach？
Watering：Keep the soil moist （湿润的） but not wet.Waterlogging will lead to rot （腐烂）.Avoid watering the leaves.
Fertilizing （施肥）：To grow healthy spinach，you need to provide nitrogen （氮素）.Use a slow﹣ drop fertilizer.It will provide nitrogen and other nutrients （养分） slowly.
When can you harvest？
Spinach grows quickly.You can harvest when the plant has formed at least five healthy leaves （7～10 centimeters in length），usually within one month after it sprouts.
（1）How many pieces of advice did the writer give us on growing spinach？ 　 　
A.Three.
B.Four.
C.Five.
D.Six.
（2）What temperature is the most suitable for growing spinach？ 　 　
A.7 to 24 degrees Celsius at night.
B.15 to 27 degrees Celsius at night.
C.7 to 24 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
D.15 to 27 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
（3）Which pot would be the best one for your spinach？ 　 　
A.A 7﹣ to 10﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot without any holes in the bottom.
B.A 10﹣ to 15﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot with some holes in the bottom.
C.A 15﹣ to 24﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot without any holes in the bottom.
D.A 15﹣ to 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot with a hole in the bottom.
（4）What's the correct order of growing spinach？ 　 　
①keep the soil moist and provide nutrients slowly
②prepare spinach seeds，a proper size of pot and rich soil
③harvest the spinach when they have five healthy leaves
④plant some spinach seeds in a pot with certain space
⑤give them proper sunlight and wait for them to sprout
A.②④⑤①③
B.②④①⑤③
C.④②⑤①③
D.④①②⑤③
（5）What's the passage mainly about？ 　 　
A.How to grow spinach.
B.When to plant spinach.
C.When to harvest spinach.
D.How to take care of the spinach.
4．（2024 济南模拟）The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on．
Take Risks
Life is too short to spend your time avoiding failure．
In 1981，at the age of 39，I lost my job．The next day I took a big risk and began my own company．In 2001，when I was debating whether to run for mayor，most people advised me not to do it．But one person said，"If you can imagine yourself giving a concession（败选）speech，then why not go for it？"That was the best advice I received，and I followed it．
In order to succeed，you must first be willing to fail﹣and you must have the courage to go for it anyway．
Make your own luck
Luck plays a part in success．The harder you work，the luckier you get．
Whatever you choose to do，even if it's not the job of your dreams，always work hard at it．Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night．Hard work creates chances．
Never stop learning
The most powerful word in English language is"why"．There is nothing so powerful
as an open，inquiring mind（探究精神）．Whatever field you choose for starting a business﹣be a lifelong student．
Give back
You are responsible for your success and failure，but you only succeed if you share the reward with others．
My first donation was a 5 check to my alma mater （母校）．And while the checks（支票）may be bigger today，they come with the same spirit．
You don't have to be wealthy to give back．You can give back by giving your time and talents．
（1）In this passage，Michael Bloomberg is the name of a 　 　．
A．newspaper
B．place
C．company
D．person
（2）What did the writer do at the age of 59？ 　 　
A．Lost his job．
B．Ran for mayor．
C．Built a company．
D．Became a teacher．
（3）From the passage，we can infer that the writer． 　 　
A．is a young mayor
B．seldom cares about others
C．is lucky all the time
D．is a hard﹣working man
（4）Which of the following isn't mentioned in the tips？ 　 　
A．Failure is the mother of success．
B．It's never too old to learn．
C．Money is everything．
D．Luck comes from hard work．
（5）In which of the following columns（栏目）can you find the article？ 　 　
A．Family Life
B．Interesting Stories
C．Experience Sharing
D．Adventures．
5．（2024 江阴市校级模拟）
One monk shoulders two buckets of water.1 Two monks share the load.2 None of the three monks wants to carry water.3
One night，a sudden big fire broke out.4 They work together to put out the fire.5
（1）The pictures above are 　 　.
A．a news report
B．a comic strip
C．a poster
D．a notice
（2）In pictures 3，the monks most probably talk about 　 　.
A．who to carry water
B．how to put out the fire
C．who to harvest crops
D．how to climb up the hill
（3）What can we learn from the pictures？ 　 　
A．It never rains but it pours.
B．Out of sight，out of mind.
C．All for one and one for all.
D．Many hands make light work.
6．（2024 广水市模拟）A number of years ago，a man went to visit a circus（马戏团） in New York.He was able to walk around looking at the lions，monkeys，bears and other circus animals.As he was passing the elephants，he suddenly stopped.He found that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg.NO chains，no cages.It was clear that the elephants could，at any time，break away from their ropes but for some reason，they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. "Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very young and much smaller，we use the same size rope to tie them and，at that age，it's enough to hold them.As they grow up，they still believe they cannot break away.They believe the rope can hold them，so they never try to break free."
"How could it be？" said the man.These animals could at any time break free from ropes.But because they were always stuck right where they were，they believed they couldn't.
Just like the poor elephants，how many of us go through life believing that we cannot do something，just because we failed at it once before？
Failing is part of learning.
（1）Where were the animals kept？ 　 　
A．In the circus.
B．In the zoo.
C．In the forest.
D．In the park.
（2）What does the underlined phrase "break away" mean？ 　 　
A．击败.
B．打破.
C．挣脱.
D．折断.
（3）How were the elephants held？ 　 　
A．By a strong rope.
B．In cages.
C．With chains.
D．By a small rope.
（4）Which of the following is NOT true？ 　 　
A．The elephants were held in this way when they were young.
B．There were many kinds of animals in the circus.
C．The animals were trained to perform.
D．The elephants often escaped.
（5）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A．Well begun is half done.
B．The early bird catches the worm.
C．We should never give up.
D．One tree can't make a forest.
7．（2024 官渡区校级模拟）A famous teacher was speaking to the students at our school．He began his lesson by holding up a 100 bill．Then he said to the three hundred students， "Who would like this 100 bill？" The students began to put up their hands at once．
Then he said， "I am going to give this 100 to one of you，but first，let me do this．" He then made the bill into a ball．Then he said， "Who wants it now？" The hands went back into the air．
"Well，" he said， "What if I do this？" and he dropped it on the floor and stepped on it．He picked up the dirty，crumpled bill and said， "Who still wants it？" Hands went back into the air．
"My friends，" he said， "you have learned a valuable lesson today．No matter （无论） what I did to the money，you still wanted it because it did not go down in value （价值）．It was still worth 100!"
Many times in our lives，we are dropped，crumpled，and stepped on by the chances we take and the things that happen to us．We feel as if we are worth nothing．But remember，no matter what has happened to you，you will never lose your value：you are always valuable to those people who love you．Your value doesn't come from what you do or whom you know，but WHO YOU ARE．
You are special and valuable．Don't ever forget it!
（1）Even though it was dirty，the money　 　．
A．still went up in value
B．was worth nothing
C．didn't go down in value
D．was still ours
（2）We are always valuable to the people　 　．
A．who pay us
B．who call us
C．who hate us
D．who love us
（3）Your value doesn't come from what you do but　 　．
A．who you know
B．who made you
C．who you remember
D．who you are
（4）The sentence "Hands went back into the air" means "　 　"．
A．the students put up their hands again
B．the students put down their hands
C．the students put their hands behind their backs again
D．the students put their hands in front of them
（5）Why did the famous teacher use a 100 bill at his lesson？　 　
A．Because he wanted to make the bill into a ball．
B．Because he used to drop a bill on the floor and stepped on it．
C．Because he was going to give the bill to one of his students．
D．Because he wanted to make the students know what value was．
8．（2024 东安县模拟）A girl was working as a nurse in a private hospital．One day，a patient with serious disease was brought to the hospital ，but had to be transferred （转移） to another hospital at once for an operation（ 手术）．However，the director of the hospital said the patient couldn't be transferred unless he paid his bill first．The patient's family was very poor．They had no choice but to ask if they could pay the bill after the operation because the patient was close to death．But their request was refused．
The nurse，who had just arrived to work，heard about the situation and made a decision．She took off her gold ring，took it to the cashier's desk（收银台） and said she would use it to pay for the patient's bill．Although the ring was the only piece of valuable gift her parents gave her，the nurse gave it away to save the patient．Thanks to her help，the patient was at once transferred to another hospital and his life was saved．Though the patient was a stranger，the nurse gave so much to him．
The nurse's action caught the attention of the doctor on duty that day．The doctor saw everything in the hospital and he was deeply moved by the nurse．He later fell in love with the nurse and they finally got married．The patient attended their wedding （婚礼） as well and returned the ring．
Things like this happen every day in our life．Sometimes，giving can bring you something that you have never expected before．As Mother Teresa once said，"In our life，it is not how much you do，but how much love you put into what you do．"
（1）Why did the patient have to be transferred to another hospital？ 　 　
A．The patient's disease was not serious enough．
B．The patient needed an operation at once．
C．The patient's family was very poor．
D．The director of the hospital was too strict．
（2）Who paid for the patient's bill when his family's request was refused？ 　 　
A．The patient．
B．The director．
C．The nurse．
D．The doctor．
（3）Which of the following statements is not true according to the passage？ 　 　
A．The director refused the request from the patient's family．
B．The patient was saved in the end with the nurse's help．
C．The director married the girl because of her action．
D．Sometimes，giving can bring something unexpected to you．
（4）What do you think of the girl in the passage？ 　 　
A．Kind and helpful．
B．Hard﹣working and brave．
C．Clever and active．
D．Outgoing and careful．
9．（2024 淄博模拟）One morning a boy went home with his father．They noticed a pair of old shoes by the roadside．They thought the shoes might be a poor man's．In fact，the owner of the shoes was working in the field nearby，and he had nearly finished his work．
The boy said to his father，"Let's play a trick on the man﹣we hide his shoes，and wait to see what he will do when he can't find them．"
"My boy，we should never have fun by tricking other people like that，"answered his father．"Instead，let's put a coin in each of the shoes，and watch he will do．"
The boy did so，and then they hid nearby．
The man soon back to get h is shoes，but when he put his foot into one of his shoes，he felt something in it．He bent（弯曲）down and found the coin．
Surprise appeared on his face．He looked at the coin for a minute，and then looked around，but nobody could be seen．He then went on to put on the other shoe，but he was even more surprised to find the second coin．
He then went down on his knees，looked up to the sky and said thanks aloud．He said his wife was ill and his children were hungry．He wanted to buy some bread for them．
The boy was deeply moved．
"Now，"said his father，"you must be much more pleased than if you had played your trick．"
The boy replied，"You have taught me a lesson which I'll never forget．Now I understand these words，which I didn't understand before：It is more blessed（神圣的）to give than to receive．"
（1）How did the boy want to deal with the shoes at first？ 　 　
A．To hide the shoes．
B．To steal the shoes．
C．To put coins in the shoes．
D．To return the shoes．
（2）How many coins did the man find？ 　 　
A．One．
B．Two．
C．Three．
D．Four．
（3）What would the man do after he got the coins？He would 　 　．
A．give them to his wife
B．buy a pair of new shoes
C．give them back to the boy
D．buy some bread for his family
（4）At last，the boy knew 　 　．
A．it was funny to play tricks
B．it was good to help each other
C．it was better to give than to receive
D．it was wrong to put coins in the shoes．
10．（2023 上杭县一模）One day a man found a cocoon（茧） of a butterfly in the forest.He sat there for several hours and watched the butterfly.Suddenly a small opening appeared，and the butterfly made its great effort to force its body through that little hole.Then it seemed to stop making any progress.It appeared as if it had gotten as far as it could and it could go no further.
So the man decided to help the butterfly.He cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon so that the butterfly could come out easily.But to his surprise，the butterfly got a heavy body and very small wings when it came out of the cocoon.
The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that the body would grow smaller at any moment and the wings would become larger and be able to fly.But neither happened!In fact，the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling（爬行） around with a heavy body and small wings.It was never able to fly.
The man was in his kindness，but he did not understand the nature rules.Before the butterfly came out of the cocoon，fluid（液体） from its body must be forced into its wings，and then it would be ready for flying.It must have a hard struggle（拼搏） to get through the small opening to get its freedom from the cocoon.
Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life，if God allowed us to go through our life without any difficulties，it would make us fail.We would not be as strong as we could have been；we could never fly.
（1）What was the butterfly doing at the beginning of the story？ 　 　
A．It was trying to make a cocoon for itself.
B．It was struggling to get out of its cocoon.
C．It was flying among the trees in the forest.
D．It was crawling around quietly on the ground.
（2）The man cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon 　 　 .
A．to take the butterfly home
B．to help the butterfly come out easily
C．to kill the butterfly
D．to stop the butterfly from growing bigger
（3）What do you think of the man？ 　 　
A．patient but cruel.
B．careful and wise.
C．kind but unwise.
D．brave and funny.
（4）What does the last paragraph tell us？ 　 　
A．Struggles are sometimes necessary in our life.
B．Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it.
C．Every good deed will come back with a good result.
D．The greatest happiness in the world is to help others.
（5）What is the best title for the story？ 　 　
A．The Love for the Cocoon.
B．The Joy of Helping Each Other.
C．The Lesson of the Cocoon.
D．The Expectation for the Butterfly.
11．（2023 泰兴市模拟）It was one o'clock in the morning when I at last succeeded in creating life．
As I looked at the lifeless human being，I saw one eye slowly open．Then he began to breathe and move his arms．At first，I thought he would be a fine﹣looking man．He had yellow skin，black hair and very white teeth．Unluckily，his eyes were watery，and his lips were thin and colorless．I soon realized that there was nothing beautiful about him．I ran out of the room，disgusted （恶心） by the creature I had created．I tried to sleep，but for hours I could not．Then，when I did get to sleep，I had bad dreams．When I awoke the next morning，I did not want to return to my laboratory and the monster I had created．I went for a long walk until I came to an inn．There，to my pleasure and surprise，I found my friend，Henry Clerval． "Tell me about my family，" I asked him． "And Elizabeth，How is she？"
"They are all well，Frankenstein，" he said． "But you do not look well，my friend．Your eyes look as if you have not slept for many weeks．"
I knew this was true． "I have been so busy，" I explained， "that I have been working without rest．" Henry walked back with me to my department．I did not want him to，but I could not stop him．I was afraid that the creature i had left there might be alive and walking about．When we reached my apartment，I asked Henry to wait outside for a few minutes．I did not explain why．I slowly opened the door and entered the room．To my surprise，it was empty．The creature had gone．I was so overcome by the feeling that I fainted．I was ill for many months．
During my illness，Henry was my only nurse．He heard me talking in my sleep about a monster．At first，he thought i was just having a bad dream，but then he realized that something very bad happened in my life．At last，I began to get better．
（1）What is this passage probably taken from？ 　 　
A．A news report．
B．A science fiction．
C．A travel guide．
D．a history book．
（2）What's the main idea of the first paragraph？ 　 　
A．The birth of the creature．
B．The personalities of the creature．
C．The happy feeling of creating life．
D．The spirit of the creature．
（3）What does the underlined word "fainted" in Paragraph 4 probably mean？ 　 　
A．broke down
B．cheered
C．lost senses
D．went wrong
12．（2018 南充）One day，while I was waiting for my father，I saw a little boy，around two years old，running freely on the grass as his mother watched from a short distance．The boy had a big smile on his face as if he had just been set free from some sort of prison（监狱）．The boy would then fall to the grass，get up，without looking back at his mother，run as fast as he could，again，still with a smile on his face，as if nothing had happened．
At that moment，I thought to myself， "Why aren't most adults this way？ " Most adults，when they fall down，make a big deal out of it and don't even make a second attempt．They would be so embarrassed that they would not try again if someone saw them fall．Or，because they fall，they would find a good excuse for themselves that they're not fit for it．They would end up being too afraid to attempt again for fear of failure（失败）．
However，with kids，when they fall down，they don't consider their falling down as a failure，instead，they treat it as a learning experience．They try again and again until they succeed．The answer must be that they have not connected "falling down" with the word "failure"．What's more，they probably think to themselves that it's quite okay to fall down and that it's not wrong to do so．In other words，they allow themselves to make mistakes，so they remain energetic．
I was deeply impressed by the boy' s persistence（坚持不懈） and the manner in which he did．
（1）What did the little boy do when he fell down？　 　
A．He cried and lay on the grass．
B．He asked his mother for help．
C．He got up and went on running．
D．He got up and stood there crying．
（2）In the writer's opinion，what might the little boy regard his falling down as？　 　
A．A failure．
B．A joke．
C．An interesting game．
D．A learning experience．
（3）In the writer's opinion，why can't many adults succeed？　 　
A．Because they are afraid of being embarrassed．
B．Because they can't find a good excuse．
C．Because once they fail，they won't attempt again．
D．Because they don't allow themselves to make mistakes．
（4）The underlined word "attempt" in Paragraph 2 means　 　
A．尝试
B．放弃
C．面对
D．怀疑
（5）What does the writer want to tell us？　 　
A．Practice makes perfect．
B．Failure is the mother of success．
C．All roads lead to Rome．
D．Each coin has two sides．
13．（2023 仁和区二模）Happiness is important for everyone．Most people want to be happy，but few know how to find happiness．Here is a story to help you．
Once a bird lived unhappily．So it traveled far away to look for its happiness．
It flew and flew．Suddenly it saw a spider climbing up a wall．The spider fell off the wall halfway．But it kept climbing again and fell off again．Even so，the spider didn't give up．The little bird asked the spider in surprise． "Why don't you have pain but happiness on your face though you fail again and again？"
"Because I keep making my efforts．I'm happy．" said the spider．
Then the little bird saw it happiness is a will in the heart．
The bird continued flying and saw a lame duck help a little duck who got lost to find the way back home．Although it was disabled，it had a smiling face．
"I'm happy because I can help others．" said the lame duck．
So the bird saw it happiness is a love in the heart．
The bird went on flying and suddenly saw a little dying flower，whose face was full of smile．The bird didn't know the reason．So it asked the little flower， "You're going to die．Why are you still so happy？"
"Because my dream will come true，" said the little flower．
"What is your dream？"
"To produce sweet fruit．"
The little bird saw it：happiness is a hope in the heart．
So the little bird no more looked for happiness because it had seen the true happiness is not in the faraway place but in your own heart．You are the maker of your own happiness．
（1）Who never gave up though it failed again and again in this passage？ 　 　
A．The bird．
B．The spider．
C．The flower．
D．The duck．
（2）Why is the little dying flower still so happy？ 　 　
A．Because it often helps others．
B．Because it'll produce sour fruit．
C．Because it has a hope in the heart．
D．Because it keeps climbing up a wall．
（3）What can we know from the story？ 　 　
A．The bird found happiness in its own heart．
B．The bird found happiness in the faraway place．
C．The bird didn't know where happiness was at last．
D．The lame duck wasn't happy because it had to help others．
（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？ 　 　
A．Happiness is important for everyone．
B．Many people know how to find happiness．
C．We make happiness by ourselves．
D．The way to happiness is to have a dream，to help others and not to give up．
（5）The passage is mainly about 　 　．
A．will
B．hope
C．love
D．happiness
14．（2023 兴庆区校级二模）As teenagers（青少年），you have many dreams．The dreams can be very big，such as winning the Nobel Prize，or they can be small．You may just want to become one of the ten best students in your class．
Once you find a dream，what do you do with it？Do you ever try to make your dream real？
"Follow Your Heart" by Australian writer Andrew Mathews tells us that making our dreams real is life's biggest challenge．
You may think you're not very good at some school subjects，or that it is impossible for you to become a writer．These kinds of thoughts stop you from getting your dream，the book says．
In fact，everyone can make his dream come true．The first thing you must do is to remember what you dream is．
Don't let it leave your heart．Keep telling yourself what you want．Do this step by step （逐步地）and your dream will come true faster because a big dream is，in fact，many small dreams．
You must also never give up your dream．There will be difficulties on the road to your dreams．But the biggest difficulty comes from yourself．You need to decide what is the most important．Studying instead of watching TV will lead to （导致） better exam results，while saving five yuan instead of buying an ice cream means you can buy a new book．As you get closer to your dream，it may change a little．This is good as you have the chance to learn more skills and find new interests．
（1）The writer thinks that 　 　．
A．dreams are easy to be realized
B．just a few people can realize their dreams
C．a big dream is formed by many small dreams
D．small dreams are not important
（2）The underlined word "it" in the fifth paragraph refers to（指） 　 　．
A．the subject
B．the book
C．the difficulty
D．the dream
（3）Which of the following thoughts stops you from making your dream real？ 　 　
A．I am not a good English learner．
B．I want to be the best student in my class．
B．I'll do my best to pass the exam
D．I will do everything to do the job well．
（4）According to the passage，which of the following statements is correct？ 　 　
A．If it is a difficult to realize your dream，you may give up．
B．You must remember your dream is．
C．Your dream will never help you learn more skills．
D．On the road to your dream，the largest difficulty doesn't come from yourself．
15．（2023 德惠市二模）My 10﹣year﹣old Donna said，"Mom，I made a new friend at school today．Can she come over tomorrow？"Donna was a shy girl and I wanted her to make some friends to bring her out of her shell．
"Sure，honey，that sounds great．"I said，thinking back to my own best friend，Lillian．We lived across the street from each other in Washington Heights，New York．We met at the age of 10，too．Like my daughter，I was shy，but Lillian drew me out．She was one of the friendliest people in school，with shiny black hair and a mile﹣wide smile．
In senior high school，Lillian went on a trip to Florida．This was the first time we had to be away from each other for a few days．"I'll be back soon．"she told me．But three days later，Lillian's sister told me that she had fallen into a river and hadn't come out any more．Soon，my family moved to New Jersey．Whenever I thought of her，tears came into my eyes．
The next day Donna brought her new friend home．"Hi，Mrs．Loggia．"the little girl said．Her hair was so shiny and black and she shot me a big smile．"My name is Laura．"
My daughter's new friend was so much like Lillian．I was still puzzled （迷惑） when Laura's mom came to pick her up later that afternoon．I opened the door to let her in．"Judy!"she cried．"It's me，Lillian's sister，from Washington Heights．"Yes，my daughter's friend looked familiar．She was Lillian's niece．
（1）The underlined words in the first paragraph"to bring her out of her shell"mean 　 　．
A．to help her become less shy
B．to help her become smart
C．to help her live happily
D．to help her walk out of her house
（2）Laura looked familiar to the writer because she 　 　．
A．was her daughter's friend
B．was as old as her daughter
C．was from Washington Heights
D．had shiny black hair and a big smile，too
（3）Why did the writer lose her best friend？Because 　 　．
A．she moved to New Jersey
B．they were different from each other
C．her best friend travelled to Florida
D．her best friend lost her life on a trip
（4）The sentence"I knew we would be best friends forever．"from the passage is probably put at the end of 　 　．
A．Paragraph 2
B．Paragraph 3
C．Paragraph 4
D．Paragraph 5
（5）We can infer （推断） from the passage that 　 　．
A．Laura is outgoing
B．Laura helps Donna a lot
C．Laura and Donna are of the same age
D．Judy moved to New Jersey because of Lillian's death．
16．（2023 文登区一模）Gregg's dream was to travel around the Americas（美洲）．He got the idea after he finished a long bike ride．Gregg's friend，Brooks，also liked riding a bike．The two friends talked and made a plan，they would travel from Alaska to Argentina by bike．
To pay for the trip，Gregg and Brooks worked to save money for a long time．When they were on the road，they often camped outdoors and ate cheaply．In many places，local people opened their doors to the two friends and gave them food．
On their way，there were deserts，rainforests and mountains．They visited modern cities and ancient ruins．And they made many friends from all over the world．
Two years later，Gregg finally reached Ushuaia，Argentina in May 2007．（Near Guatemala，Brooks had to go back and Gregg continued without him．）
They both learned a lot about traveling．Here are some of Gregg's suggestions．
Travel light．You shouldn't carry many things with you．
Be flexible（灵活的）．Don't plan everything．Then you'll be more relaxed and pleased．
Be polite．One traveler told Gregg，"Nobody wants to cheat a nice man．"It's true．
Judge the following sentences true （T）or false （F） according to the passage
（1）Before the trip，they had a lot of money． 　 　
（2）All of their food came from local people． 　 　
（3）They began to travel to the Americas in 2005． 　 　
（4）Both of them reached Ushuaia，Argentina． 　 　
（5）A nice man won't be cheated． 　 　
17．（2023 内黄县二模）Most people want to be happy，but few know how to find happiness．Money and success alone do not bring lasting happiness．Happiness depends on ourselves．In other words，we make our own happiness．
Here are a few suggestions to help you be happier．
The first secret of happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life．Too often，we spend so much time thinking about the future﹣﹣for example，getting into college or getting a good job that we fail to enjoy the present（现在）．You should enjoy life's simple pleasures，such as reading a good book，listening to your favorite music，or spending time with close friends．People who have several close friends often live happier and healthier lives．
Another secret of living a happy life is to be active，and hobbies make you forget your problems and time．Many people experience this by dancing，swimming or playing a sport．You can forget about your problems，and only think about the activity．
Finally，many people find happiness in helping others．Studies show that people feel good when they spend their time helping others．If you want to feel happier，do good things for someone．You can help a friend with his or her studies，go shopping to buy food for an elderly person，or simply help out around the house by washing the dishes．
（1）The passage gives us three pieces of advice on　 　．
A．how to solve problem
B．how to find happiness
C．how to enjoy life
D．how to succeed
（2）The third paragraph tells us that　 　．
A．the more friends you have，the happier you will be
B．we shouldn't think about our future
C．happiness is to enjoy the simple things in life
D．some people fail to help others
（3）The writer thinks that　 　．
A．it's wrong to spend time on work
B．everyone knows how to live a happier life
C．hobbies take up too much time
D．doing good things for someone can make you happier
（4）Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage？　 　
A．Reading a good book．
B．Traveling to a foreign country．
C．Playing a sport．
D．Spending time with close friends．
（5）The best title （标题） of this passage is　 　．
A．The Secrets of Happiness
B．Money Makes You Happy
C．Helping Others Makes You Happy
D．Good Friends Make You Happy．
18．（2023 庐阳区校级三模）John and Bobby joined the same company together just after they completed their university studies the same year．Both o[them worked very hard．Several years later，however，the boss promoted （提拔） Bobby to manager but John was still a worker．John could not take it，and gave his resignation （辞呈） to the boss．He complained that the boss did not chink much of those who were hard working，but promoted only those who flattered（奉承） him．
The boss knew that John had worked very hard for the years．He thought a moment and said，"Thank you for what you said，but I hope you will do one more thing for our company before you leave．"
John agreed．The boss asked him to go and find anyone selling watermelons in the market．John went and returned soon．He said he had found a man selling water melons．The boss asked how much they cost every kilogram．John shook his head and went back to the seller to ask and returned to tell the boss 1.2 every kilogram．The boss told John to wait a second，and he called Bobby to come to his office．He asked Bobby to go and find any one selling watermelons in the market．Bobby went and returned，saying，"Boss，only one person is selling watermelons.1.2 every kilogram，and ＄10 for 10 kilograms．The seller has 340 melons．On the table there are 58 melons，and every radon weighs about 2 kilograms．They were brought from the South two days ago．They are of good quality．"
Hearing hat Bobby said，John realized the difference between himself and Bobby．He decided to stay and learn from Bobby．
（1）How did John feel when Bobby was promoted to manager？ 　 　
A．Angry，
B．Nervous．
C．Unlucky．
D．Helpless．
（2）The boss gave John a task because． 　 　
A．he wanted John to do more for his company
B．he wanted John to learn more about himself
C．he wanted to punish John for what he said
D．he wanted to prove what John said was right
（3）We can infer （推断） from the passage that　 　．
A．Bobby was unselfish
B．John was lazy
C．the seller was dishonest
D．the boss was wise
（4）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A．The boss should treat all his workers in a fair way．
B．The boss should not promote one who flatters him．
C．One should not only work hard but also use his head．
D．One should try to get every detail of watermelons．
19．（2023 大庆三模）A passenger told an air hostess that he needed a cup of water to take his medicine when the plane just took off．She told him that she would bring him the water in ten minutes．
The air hostess was kept so busy that she forgot to give him the water．As a result，the passenger was held up（延误） to take his medicine．Thirty minutes later，when the passenger's ring for service sounded，she hurried over to him with a cup of water，but he refused．
In the following hours on the plane，each time the air hostess passed by the passenger，she would ask him with a smile whether he needed help or not．But the passenger never answered a word．．
When he was going to get off the plane，the passenger asked the air hostess to hand him the passenger's booklet．She was very sad．She knew that he would write down sharp words，but with a smile she handed it to him．
Off the plane，she opened the booklet，and smiled，for the passenger put it，"On the flight，you asked me whether I needed help or not for twelve times in all．How can I refuse you twelve sincere smiles？"
That's right!Who can refuse twelve sincere smiles from a person？
（1）Ten minutes later，the passenger didn't get the water，because 　 　．
A．the plane didn't take off．
B．the air hostess was kept busy and forgot it．
C．it's not allowed to take medicine during the flight．
D．there aren't enough water on the plane．
（2）The underlined word"it"in Paragraph 4 refers to the 　 　．
A．medicine
B．water
C．cup
D．booklet
（3）At the end of the story，we knew the passenger was 　 　with the air hostess．
A．satisfied
B．unhappy
C．angry
D．bored．
20．（2024 宿迁模拟）As an old Chinese saying goes，food is what matters most to people．A Bite of China Season Two，all about the history and culture of eating and cooking in China，broadcast on CCTV﹣1 from April 18 to June 6．Food plays an important role in our daily life．It is also one of the most important parts of Chinese culture．Besides the rich food culture in China，A Bite of China Season Two also wants to show the joys and sadnesses of ordinary Chinese in changing times through food．
The documentary makes viewers long for home and the tastes of childhood．One Weibo user wrote，"A Bite of China Season Two makes me have so many words to say．It makes me think of my parents and grandmother．I remember my father taught me how to fish when I was a kid．I haven't been home for a long time，so I've decided to go back in a few days．"
The documentary uses food as a window to introduce China to the world．Viewers can see how Chinese people love life by loving food．The new season is not just an introduction to food．It also explores the relationship between Chinese people and their food．Anyone who wants to know more about Chinese food culture and Chinese society should have a bite of the programme．
（1）What type of TV programme is A Bite of China Season Two？ 　 　
A．A cartoon．
B．A documentary．
C．A comedy．
D．A chat show
（2）When did the programme begin on CCTV﹣1？ 　 　
A．April 6．
B．April 18．
C．June 6．
D．July 6．
（3）What's the main idea of the programme？ 　 　
A．The development of Chinese history．
B．An introduction to Chinese culture．
C．The history and culture of Chinese food．
D．Feelings of ordinary Chinese．
2025年中考英语二轮复习之阅读理解—方法与哲理
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2025 泸县一模）One Thursday afternoon，when I was in Grade 9，a new boy came into my classroom．He was short and thin．He walked up to the teacher and told her，very seriously，that he was new．His name was Christian．He sat down，took a look at me，and then looked away．I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I would like to become friends with．
During that year，I didn't talk to him much，but he smiled at me when our eyes met，always shyly．He never ate lunch with anybody，and he never talked to anybody but me．
But one day I joined those unkind kids who were making fun of him．We made fun of him though I thought it was wrong．
"Haven't you got any friends？" a kid asked Christian，who had walked past us alone，head down．
"No，he hasn't got any friends．He's too stupid and shy，" I said．Then Christian looked up at me with the saddest dog eyes I had ever seen．I felt very sorry at that moment．
That night，I couldn't sleep because I couldn't get Christian's face out of my mind．In the weeks that followed，he never met my eyes in class and never smiled at me．It was really hard for me to decide to write him a note asking him to forgive（原谅） me．But I thought I should．
The next day in class，I wrote him a note telling him how sorry I felt．About five minutes later，I turned and saw tears in his eyes． "You will never realize what your apology（道歉） has meant to me，Jimmy．" he said to me． "I hope we can become friends．"
We had lunch together that noon and we had the best talk I had ever had．Over the years at high school，we were close friends．
When I think back，I realize that，if I had not apologized，I would never have known what a lovely person Christian was．
Apologies can really change your life，so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry．
（1）From the passage，we know Christian was a 　B　 boy．
A．tall and fat
B．short and shy
C．short and active
D．lovely and fat
（2）Jimmy didn't talk to Christian much at first because 　A　．
A．he didn't think Christian was the type he wanted to become friends with
B．Christian wasn't nice to people around him after he came to the new class
C．Christian made friends with others
D．Christian had the saddest dog eyes
（3）Jimmy felt 　C　 after he made fun of Christian with other unkind kids．
A．happy
B．interested
C．sorry
D．bored
（4）Jimmy asked Christian to forgive him by 　D　．
A．sending an e﹣mail
B．wearing a smile
C．eating supper together
D．writing a note
（5）This article tells us that 　A　．
A．we should make an apology when we hurt others
B．Jimmy's apology was unimportant to Christian
C．Christian wasn't lovely in fact
D．it is impossible to say sorry to others
【考点】方法与哲理；细节理解．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了Jimmy九年级时候的一件事，最初跟班上新来的同学Christian关系很一般，后来偶然的一次机会Jimmy跟其他同学嘲笑了Christian，导致两人关系一度糟糕到极点．最终Jimmy通过纸条向Christian道歉，两人成为了最要好的朋友．最后揭示文章主旨：道歉真的可以改变你的生活，所以不要错过任何向别人道歉的机会．
【解答】（1）B．细节理解题，根据文中A new boy came into my classroom．He was short and thin，but he smiled at me when our eyes met，always shyly．可知Christian是一个瘦小的、性格内向的男孩，结合备选B．short and shy矮小害羞的，符合文意，故选：B．
（2）A．细节理解题，根据I didn't think he was very nice and I was sure he wasn't the type I would like to become friends with．可知作者Jimmy最初不愿意跟Christian说太多话，是因为Jimmy确定Christian不是他想交朋友的那种人，结合备选A．he didn't think Christian was the type he wanted to become friends with，他认为Christian不是他想交朋友的那种人，符合文意，故选：A．
（3）C．细节理解题，根据 Then Christian looked up at me with the saddest dog eyes I had ever seen．I felt very sorry at that moment．可知Jimmy和其他学生一起嘲笑了Christian后，感到非常抱歉，结合备选C．sorry遗憾、抱歉，符合文意，故选：C．
（4）D．细节理解题，根据The next day in class，I wrote him a note telling him how sorry I felt．可知第二天我给Christian写了纸条道歉，结合备选D．writing a note写纸条，符合文意，故选：D．
（5）A．理解概括题，根据文中Jimmy与Christian的事例，结合最后Apologies can really change your life，so never miss the chance to tell somebody you are sorry．道歉可以真正改变您的生活，因此不要错过任何向别人道歉的机会，可推知本文主要是告诉我们生活中要学会为自己的错误道歉，结合备选A．we should make an apology when we hurt others当我们伤害别人时，我们应该道歉，符合文意，故选：A．
【点评】阅读理解题主要考查学生的阅读能力及理解运用能力，先通读文章了解文章大意，然后带着问题精准的将答案落实到某一段落、语句；理解概括题考查对文章主题的理解和把握，需充分理解文章，结合备选选项得出正确答案，难度稍大．
2．（2025 东辽县一模） ①"I will think of it."It is easy to say this，but do you know what great things have come from thinking？Though we can not see，or hear，or feel our thoughts，they are powerful.
②Isaac Newton was seated in his garden on a summer evening when he saw an apple fall from a tree.He began to think，and tried to find out why the apple fell.Then he discovered how the earth，sun，moon，and stars are kept in their places.
③James Ferguson once saw the inside of his father's watch，and he wondered，"Why should I not make a watch？"This set him thinking and it led to a wooden clock which kept good time.
④Walt Disney，the famous American film﹣maker，was often thinking of new ideas.One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stopped talking，deep in thought.He looked and looked at a place high up in the room.This continued for a long time，and then he got an idea for a new cartoon.
⑤Ideas come at any time，and the important thing is to think.When you meet with any difficulty，don't lose heart.Try to think of it before asking someone to help you.Think and by thinking you will learn how to think creatively.
（1）Isaac Newton wanted to find out 　D　.
A.who made the apple fall
B.where the apple fell
C.when the apple hit him
D.why the apple fell
（2）Walt Disney was 　B　 when he got an idea for a new cartoon.
A.telling a story
B.having a meeting
C.making a film
D.sitting in a garden
（3）Which word can best describe the three people according to the passage？ 　D　
A.Lucky.
B.Funny.
C.Helpful.
D.Creative.
（4）What is the structure（结构） of the passage？ 　A　
（①＝Paragraph 1，②＝Paragraph 2，…）
A.
B.
C.
D.
（5）From the passage we can learn that 　D　.
A.it is easy to see and hear our thoughts
B.every one of us likes thinking
C.we should always ask others for help
D.thinking helps to get new ideas
【考点】方法与哲理．
【答案】BBDAD
【分析】本文主要通过三个例子来给我们讲述了思考的重要作用。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第2段"He began to think，and tried to find out why the apple fell."（他开始思考，试图找出苹果掉下来的原因。）可知，他试图找出苹果掉落的原因。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据4段"One day，when he was in a meeting，he suddenly stopped talking，deep in thought.He looked and looked at a place high up in the room.This continued for a long time，and then he got an idea for a new cartoon."（有一天，他正在开会，突然停止了说话，陷入沉思。他看了又看房间高处的一个地方。这种情况持续了很长一段时间，然后他想出了一个新漫画的主意。）可知他萌生制作一部新漫画的想法时，他在开会。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第5段"Think and by thinking you will learn how to think creatively."（思考，通过思考，你将学会如何创造性地思考。）以及这三个人的故事可知，他们都善于思考，都很有创造力。故选D。
（4）篇章结构题。第一段提出问题；第二三四段主要是举例来说明思考带来的收获；第五段总结思考的重要性，故选A。
（5）细节理解题。根据第5段"Ideas come at any time，and the important thing is to think."（想法随时都有，重要的是要思考。）可知思考可以帮助人们获得新想法。故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
3．（2024 十堰一模） Have you ever wanted to grow some vegetables at home by yourself？Spinach （菠菜） is a great choice.It grows easily throughout the year and it has many health benefits.
When should you plant spinach？
Spinach can survive （存活） temperatures as low as —7 degrees Celsius （摄氏度），but that's not good for its growth.Spinach seeds sprout （发芽） best in soil temperatures between 7 and 24 degrees Celsius.Once the seeds have sprouted，the vegetable grows best in daytime temperatures between 15 and 27 degrees Celsius.Temperatures above 29 degrees Celsius can influence its taste，making it bitter.
Where should you grow spinach？
Pot size：A 15﹣ to 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot would be the best.Depending on your space，it can be as wide as you want.
Make sure your pot has a hole at the bottom.
Soil：For growing spinach in pots，use a mix rich in organic matter （有机物）.Make sure it won't get waterlogged （浸透水的） easily.
Spacing：Give each spinach plant seven centimeters of space.If you want to harvest （收获） large leaves，give each plant a little more space.
Position：If you are growing spinach in the fall and winter，keep the plants in a sunny place.Make sure they receive at least four hours of direct sunlight every day.For spring and summer planting，place your plants in a position that receives some shade （阴凉），especially in the afternoon.
How should you take care of your spinach？
Watering：Keep the soil moist （湿润的） but not wet.Waterlogging will lead to rot （腐烂）.Avoid watering the leaves.
Fertilizing （施肥）：To grow healthy spinach，you need to provide nitrogen （氮素）.Use a slow﹣ drop fertilizer.It will provide nitrogen and other nutrients （养分） slowly.
When can you harvest？
Spinach grows quickly.You can harvest when the plant has formed at least five healthy leaves （7～10 centimeters in length），usually within one month after it sprouts.
（1）How many pieces of advice did the writer give us on growing spinach？ 　B　
A.Three.
B.Four.
C.Five.
D.Six.
（2）What temperature is the most suitable for growing spinach？ 　D　
A.7 to 24 degrees Celsius at night.
B.15 to 27 degrees Celsius at night.
C.7 to 24 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
D.15 to 27 degrees Celsius during the daytime.
（3）Which pot would be the best one for your spinach？ 　D　
A.A 7﹣ to 10﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot without any holes in the bottom.
B.A 10﹣ to 15﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot with some holes in the bottom.
C.A 15﹣ to 24﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot without any holes in the bottom.
D.A 15﹣ to 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot with a hole in the bottom.
（4）What's the correct order of growing spinach？ 　A　
①keep the soil moist and provide nutrients slowly
②prepare spinach seeds，a proper size of pot and rich soil
③harvest the spinach when they have five healthy leaves
④plant some spinach seeds in a pot with certain space
⑤give them proper sunlight and wait for them to sprout
A.②④⑤①③
B.②④①⑤③
C.④②⑤①③
D.④①②⑤③
（5）What's the passage mainly about？ 　A　
A.How to grow spinach.
B.When to plant spinach.
C.When to harvest spinach.
D.How to take care of the spinach.
【考点】方法与哲理；动物/植物．
【答案】BDDAA
【分析】本文主要介绍了如何在家种植菠菜，包括种植时间、地点选择、土壤要求、水分和肥料管理以及收获时间。文中指出菠菜适合在7到24摄氏度的土壤温度下播种，最佳生长温度为15到27摄氏度，超过29度会影响口感。建议使用深15到20厘米的带孔盆栽，土壤应富含有机质且排水良好。每株植物需间隔7厘米，若想获得大叶则需更多空间。根据季节调整光照，保持土壤湿润但不积水，并使用缓释肥提供养分。通常在播种后一个月，植株长出至少五片健康叶子时即可收获。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据小标题"When should you plant spinach？"（你应该什么时候种菠菜？），"Where should you grow spinach？"（你应该在哪里种菠菜？），"How should you take care of your spinach？"（你应该如何照顾你的菠菜？），"When can you harvest？"（你什么时候可以收获？）可知，作者给出了关于种植菠菜的四条建议。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段"the vegetable grows best in daytime temperatures between 15 and 27 degrees Celsius"（菠菜在白天15到27摄氏度的温度下生长最佳）可知，菠菜在白天15到27摄氏度的温度下生长最佳。故选D。
（3）细节理解题。根据第五段"A 15﹣ to 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot would be the best.""Make sure your pot has a hole at the bottom."（最适合种植菠菜的花盆是深度为15到20厘米。确保花盆底部有孔。）可知，最适合种植菠菜的花盆是深度为15到20厘米，底部有孔的花盆。故选D。
（4）细节理解题。根据第五段Pot size：A 15﹣ to 20﹣ centimeter﹣ deep pot would be the best.（最适合种植菠菜的花盆是深度为15到20厘米。）和第七段For growing spinach in pots，use a mix rich in organic matter （有机物）.（盆栽菠菜时，使用富含有机物的混合物。）可知种植菠菜的正确顺序是先准备菠菜种子、合适大小的花盆和富含有机物的土壤。根据第八段Give each spinach plant seven centimeters of space.（给每株菠菜七厘米的空间。）可知在花盆中按一定间距种植菠菜种子。根据第九段If you are growing spinach in the fall and winter，keep the plants in a sunny place.（如果你在秋冬季节种植菠菜，请将植物放在阳光充足的地方。）可知要给它们适当的阳光并等待发芽。根据倒数第四段Keep the soil moist （湿润的） but not wet.（保持土壤湿润而不是潮湿。）可知要保持土壤湿润并提供养分。根据最后一段You can harvest when the plant has formed at least five healthy leaves（当植株长出至少五片健康的叶子时就可以收获了）可知当菠菜有五片健康的叶子时收获。故选A。
（5）主旨大意题。根据第一段Have you ever wanted to grow some vegetables at home by yourself？Spinach （菠菜） is a great choice.（你想过自己在家种植蔬菜吗？菠菜是个不错的选择。）以及通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了如何在家种植菠菜的相关知识。故选A。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
4．（2024 济南模拟）The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on．
Take Risks
Life is too short to spend your time avoiding failure．
In 1981，at the age of 39，I lost my job．The next day I took a big risk and began my own company．In 2001，when I was debating whether to run for mayor，most people advised me not to do it．But one person said，"If you can imagine yourself giving a concession（败选）speech，then why not go for it？"That was the best advice I received，and I followed it．
In order to succeed，you must first be willing to fail﹣and you must have the courage to go for it anyway．
Make your own luck
Luck plays a part in success．The harder you work，the luckier you get．
Whatever you choose to do，even if it's not the job of your dreams，always work hard at it．Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night．Hard work creates chances．
Never stop learning
The most powerful word in English language is"why"．There is nothing so powerful
as an open，inquiring mind（探究精神）．Whatever field you choose for starting a business﹣be a lifelong student．
Give back
You are responsible for your success and failure，but you only succeed if you share the reward with others．
My first donation was a 5 check to my alma mater （母校）．And while the checks（支票）may be bigger today，they come with the same spirit．
You don't have to be wealthy to give back．You can give back by giving your time and talents．
（1）In this passage，Michael Bloomberg is the name of a 　D　．
A．newspaper
B．place
C．company
D．person
（2）What did the writer do at the age of 59？ 　B　
A．Lost his job．
B．Ran for mayor．
C．Built a company．
D．Became a teacher．
（3）From the passage，we can infer that the writer． 　D　
A．is a young mayor
B．seldom cares about others
C．is lucky all the time
D．is a hard﹣working man
（4）Which of the following isn't mentioned in the tips？ 　C　
A．Failure is the mother of success．
B．It's never too old to learn．
C．Money is everything．
D．Luck comes from hard work．
（5）In which of the following columns（栏目）can you find the article？ 　C　
A．Family Life
B．Interesting Stories
C．Experience Sharing
D．Adventures．
【考点】方法与哲理；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】全文大意：
这是迈克尔 布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出的建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验．
承担冒险
生命太短了，以至没时间回避风险．1981年我39岁时失去了工作．第二天我承担了巨大的风险创办了自己的公司．在2001年当我思量是否竞选市长时，大部分人建议我不要竞选．但是一个人说"如果你能想象自己做一个落选演讲，那为什么不去竞选？"那是我收到的最好的建议，然后就去做了．为了成功，你必须甘愿失败，无论如何你必须有勇气去争取．
创造自己的幸运
幸运是成功的一部分．你工作越努力，你就越幸运．不论你选择做什么，即使不是你梦想的工作，永远努力去做．成为早上第一个开始工作的人，晚上最后一个离开的人．努力工作创造机会．
永不停止学习
英语中最有力的单词是"为什么"．没有什么比开放的、求知若渴的思维更有力．不论你选择在哪个领域开创你的事业﹣﹣﹣﹣成为一名终身的学习者
回馈
你是对你的成功和失败负责的人，但你只有和他人分享报酬才能成功．我的第一笔慈善捐款是捐给我的母校一张5美元的支票．在支票金额也许会更大的今天，它们具有一样的精神．你不需要很富有才能给予．你可以用你的时间和天赋来回馈．
【解答】
（1）D 推理判断题 根据第一段The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on"这是迈克尔 布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出如下建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验"可知迈克尔 布隆伯格曾建立过企业，当过市长故推知迈克尔 布隆伯格是个人的名字，故选D
（2）B 推理判断题 根据第四段In 1981，at the age of 39．可知1981年作者39岁，故推知作者2001年59岁，再结合该段中In 2001，when I was debating whether to run for mayor most people advised me not to do it．"在2001年当我思量是否竞选市长时，大部分人建议我不要．"可知在2001年作者竞选市长故选B
（3）D 推理判断题 根据第七段作者给出的建议 Be the first person at work in the morning and the last to leave at night．Hard work creates chances．"成为早上第一个开始工作的人，晚上最后一个离开的人．努力工作创造机会．"可推知作者也一定是一位工作努力的人．故选D
（4）C 推理判断题 根据第四段In order to succeed，you must first be willing to fail﹣and you must have the courage to go for it anyway"为了成功，你必须甘愿失败，无论如何你必须有勇气去争取．"可知作者提到失败是成功之母故排除A；根据Whatever field you choose for starting a business﹣be a lifelong student．"不论你选择在哪个领域开创你的事业﹣﹣﹣﹣成为一名终身的学习者"可知作者提到活到老学到老，故排除B；根据The harder you work，the luckier you get．"你工作越努力，你就越幸运"可知作者提到运气来自于努力的工作，故排除D，根据最后一段You don't have to be wealthy to give back.You can give back by giving your time and talents．"你不需要很富有才能给予．你可以用你的时间和天赋来回馈．"可知作者认为金钱并不是一切．结合C项的意思"金钱是一切"与原文不符，故判断作者在文中没有提到，故选C
（5）C 推理判断题 根据第一段The following are some tips for becoming a successful businessman by Michael Bloomberg．They are based on his experience of building a company from the ground up，leading New York City as mayor（市长），and so on．"这是迈克尔 布隆伯格对如何成为一个成功的企业家给出如下建议．这些建议基于他从零建立一个企业，作为市长领导纽约市等方面的经验．"可知迈克尔 布隆伯格给出建议都来自他建立企业，作为市长积累的经验，故推知可以在经验交流、分享栏目看到这篇文章，结合选项即Experience Sharing，故选C
【点评】在做阅读理解时首先快速阅读短文，通读测试题，明确考查点；认真逐题作答；复查校对答案．做完所有题目后，再读一遍短文，逐一检查所有答案是否有误．如果有拿不定主意的答案，不要随意更改．一定要从原文中找到依据，方可更正．
5．（2024 江阴市校级模拟）
One monk shoulders two buckets of water.1 Two monks share the load.2 None of the three monks wants to carry water.3
One night，a sudden big fire broke out.4 They work together to put out the fire.5
（1）The pictures above are 　B　.
A．a news report
B．a comic strip
C．a poster
D．a notice
（2）In pictures 3，the monks most probably talk about 　A　.
A．who to carry water
B．how to put out the fire
C．who to harvest crops
D．how to climb up the hill
（3）What can we learn from the pictures？ 　D　
A．It never rains but it pours.
B．Out of sight，out of mind.
C．All for one and one for all.
D．Many hands make light work.
【考点】方法与哲理；应用文．
【答案】BAD
【分析】本文主要讲述了三个和尚挑水喝的故事。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据图片内容可知，讲述了三个和尚挑水喝的故事，因此是漫画书。故选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据图片3 None of the three monks wants to carry water.（三个和尚都不想挑水。）可知，三人在讨论谁去挑水。故选A。
（3）主旨大意题。根据图片5 They work together to put out the fire.（他们齐心协力灭了火。）可知，最后三人齐心协力扑灭了大火，说明了团队合作的重要性，即说明了"众人拾柴火焰高"的道理。故选D。
【点评】通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
6．（2024 广水市模拟）A number of years ago，a man went to visit a circus（马戏团） in New York.He was able to walk around looking at the lions，monkeys，bears and other circus animals.As he was passing the elephants，he suddenly stopped.He found that these huge elephants were being held by only a small rope tied to their front leg.NO chains，no cages.It was clear that the elephants could，at any time，break away from their ropes but for some reason，they did not.
He saw a trainer nearby and asked why these animals just stood there and didn't try to get away. "Well，" the trainer said， "when they are very young and much smaller，we use the same size rope to tie them and，at that age，it's enough to hold them.As they grow up，they still believe they cannot break away.They believe the rope can hold them，so they never try to break free."
"How could it be？" said the man.These animals could at any time break free from ropes.But because they were always stuck right where they were，they believed they couldn't.
Just like the poor elephants，how many of u