2025年中考英语二轮复习之阅读理解—社会（含解析）

2025年中考英语二轮复习之阅读理解—社会
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2024 越秀区校级二模）It may be hard to believe，but the American Revolution （革命）﹣ the war that freed the American states from British control﹣﹣﹣began over a cup of tea.Tea was not the only thing that caused the war，of course，but it played a very big part.
The British people's love of tea is well﹣known.When the British won control over much of North America in the early 1700s，they brought their tea﹣drinking habits with them.Tea quickly became the continent's most popular drink.As tea could not be grown locally，just as in Britain，it was shipped into the country﹣mostly from India.
In the early 1700s，the Britain government made a special deal with the East India Company，as an English trading company.They agreed that no other company was allowed to bring tea to Britain or any country controlled by Britain，including America.It was a great deal for the East India Company，since it meant that the company could decide whatever price it wanted for its products.And it always decided on a high price!
In North America，the local people did not like having to pay such high prices.Instead of overpaying for tea from the British，they turned to Dutch traders，who secretly brought tea to the country that was just as good﹣and much less expensive.Although this broke the law，the American people didn't care.They got the same cup of tea at a much lower price.
The East India Company，however，didn't like this at all.By the 1760s，they were losing millions of pounds each year to Dutch traders﹣﹣﹣a huge amount of money in a time when 60 a year was considered a good income.Instead of reducing their prices to compete with the Dutch，the company asked the British government for help and the government agreed.
In 1767，the British introduced new laws that increased the prices of all goods which were brought into America.These laws helped make the East India Company even richer and forced local people to pay much more for everything.The American leaders asked the British government not to do so，but the British refused to listen.These unfair laws increased Americans' anger about British rule and the rest，as they say，is history.
（1）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to 　 　.
A．the tea maker
B．the American government
C．the British government
D．the East India Company
（2）Why did many Americans begin to buy tea from the Dutch traders？ 　 　
A．The tea was much cheaper.
B．The tea was a lot healthier.
C．They could buy it more easily.
D．They didn't want to support the British.
（3）What did the East India Company do to stop losing money？ 　 　
A．It reduced the price of its tea.
B．It improved the taste of its tea.
C．It introduced a new kind of tea.
D．It asked the British government for help.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ 　 　
A．Tea trade in eighteenth century America
B．The relationship between America and Britain.
C．A reason for the start of the American Revolutionary War.
D．The introduction of British tea﹣drinking habits into America.
2．（2024 涪城区二模）Christine and Ryan are good friends．They both live on a farm on an island near Ireland．
One morning，Ryan came to Christine's house．"Christine，let's go to the beach．"
They went to the beach to look for shells （贝壳） and other beautiful things．Suddenly Christine shouted，"Look!There's something in that net （网） over there．"
They ran over and found a small bird in the net．The bird was black and white，and it had orange legs．
"What kind of bird is that？"Ryan asked．
"I don't know，"Christine answered．
They ran back to Christine's house and showed the beautiful bird to Christine's dad．
"It's a young puffin （海鹦），"he told them．"Puffins catch fish in the water．They can fly and they are very good at swimming．There were lots of puffins on the island，but now there aren't many．"
"Why not？"Christine asked．
"There aren't many fish anymore，"said her dad．The children put the small puffin in a box．Christine's mom gave the children some fish and they fed the puffin．
Ryan came over to Christine's house every day to feed the puffin．It got bigger and bigger．One morning there was no puffin in the box．
"Where is it？"Christine asked her mom．
"I'm sure the puffin is with its friends out in the sea．"
It was a year later．Christine was looking for shells on the beach again．Suddenly，she heard Ryan shouting，"Come quickly，Christine!"
Christine ran along the beach and then she saw them．There were three puffins on a stone near the farm．Christine was sure that one of them was their puffin．She was very happy．
根据材料内容选择最佳答案．
（1）Where did Christine and Ryan first find the puffin？ 　 　
A．In a net．
B．In a garden．
C．On a farm．
D．On a stone．
（2）Which of the following is TRUE about the puffin？ 　 　
A．It had black and white legs．
B．It was old but beautiful．
C．It was a poor swimmer．
D．It lived on fish．
（3）Who seemed to know a lot about puffins？ 　 　
A．Christine's father．
B．Christine's mother．
C．Christine．
D．Ryan．
（4）What happened to the puffin while it was in Christine's house？ 　 　
A．It got hurt．
B．It died．
C．It got ill．
D．It flew away．
（5）What does the underlined word"them"refer to？ 　 　
A．Shells．
B．Puffins．
C．Fish．
D．Children．
3．（2024 浙江模拟）English teenagers will receive cooking lessons in schools．The idea is to encourage healthy eating to solve the problem that many people are overweight．Also ，it worries people that basic cooking and food preparation skills are being lost because parents use too much pre﹣prepared fast food．
Cooking was once regarded as an important part of education in England﹣﹣﹣even if it was mainly for girls．In recent years cooking has become less important in schools．But the rising level of obesity（肥胖的） has led to rethink about the food that children are given and the skills they should be taught．
"What we want is to teach young people how to do basic，simple meals，which they can use now at home and then in their life，" said Ed Balls，an education expert．
The new lessons will start in September，but some schools without kitchens will be given a longer time to prepare．Also ，there may be a shortage of teachers with the right skills，since schools have been teaching food technology rather than practical cooking．Besides，the lessons for hand﹣on cooking will only be one hour a week for one term．But the well﹣known cookery writer，Pru Leith，believe it will be worth it．
"If we'd done this thirty years ago we might not have to face the problem about obesity and lack of knowledge about food and so on．Every child should know how to cook，not just so that they'll be healthy，but because it's a life skill which is a real pleasure．"
The renewed interest in cooking is an effort to reduce the obesity rate，which is almost the highest in Europe，and according to the government，half of all British people will be obese in 25 years if present trends（趋势） are not halted．
（1）The passage mainly talks about 　 　．
A．the reason for obesity
B．the lost cooking skills
C．the healthy eating
D．the cooking classes
（2）Which of the following is NOT the aim of bringing back cooking lessons in Britain？ 　 　
A．To encourage teenagers to eat healthy food．
B．To reduce the country's increasing obesity rate．
C．To prevent basic cooking and food preparation skills from being lost．
D．To encourage parents to use more pre﹣prepared fast food．
（3）How will cooking lessons do good to the students？ 　 　
A．All of them will become good cooks in their later life．
B．Students will be healthy and enjoy the pleasure of such a life skill as well．
C．Students will be able to make food experiments with the knowledge and skills．
D．Students will be able to control the level of obesity in the whole country．
（4）The underlined word "halted" in the last paragraph probably means " 　 　"．
A．continued
B．stopped
C．discussed
D．kept
（5）It can inferred from the passage that 　 　．
A．cooking has always been an important part of school education in England．
B．English teenagers will have their cooking lessons one hour a month for one year．
C．the obesity rate in Britain has been growing rapidly in recent years．
D．the students will pay much money for their cooking lessons．
4．（2024 黔西市模拟）As one of the most well﹣known of the fantasy languages invented for science fiction film，television and book，and developed by J．R．R．Tolkien himself，Elvish is made up with several thousand words and different sentence structures．
Constructed languages （人造语言） like Elvish are real languages，made up of thousands of words created by fantasy writers，linguists and fans，with real language rules．While a
widespread vocabulary is advantageous to a constructed language，there is a key differentiator （区分者） we can see between just a lot of words and real language：Grammar．
Grammar is what makes constructed languages like Elvish learnable by everyday superfans．Superfans of The Lord of the Rings have built websites and created dictionaries，apps and translators，to teach Elvish．They have also created online clubs where fans can discuss and even create new words based on the already existing vocabulary，and continue to study the language．
So what does it take to be a master of Elvish？
In learning Elvish，there are a couple of grammatical rules similar to those of the English language．For example，in order to make a verb past tense in English，you have to add an﹣ed，making wash washed．Similarly in Elvish，in order to change the word for wash，which is allu，to the past tense then you have to add an﹣ne to the word．So washed is then translated to allune in past tense．
Nouns in Elvish are different in the way that the noun changes depending on how it's used in a sentence，just like in Latin or Russian．For example，the word head in Elvish is CAS．However，if you duck your head，then the word changes to CARA．When mentioning something in your head，then it changes to CASSE．Tolkien's attention to detail in creating the fantasy world used in The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit，complete with multiple functioning （多功能的） invented languages，has attracted readers and movie viewers these years．
Elvish is only one of the many magical languages developed by J．R．R．Tolkien．Creating language for fantasy has proven to add to viewers and readers experiences．By transplanting their imagination to a new world，fans are able to learn the new language and speak Elvish with each other，much like their favorite characters．
（1）Elvish is considered a real language because 　 　．
A．certain grammatical rules make the language learnable
B．it is made up with lots of words and sentence structures
C．characters in The Lord of the Rings use it to communicate
D．new words can be created based on already existing words
（2）For the fans of The Lord of the Rings， 　 　．
A．Elvish is a language difficult to learn
B．there is no Elvish dictionary to refer to
C．Elvish adds to the novel's attractiveness
D．they can even create new grammar for Elvish
（3）Which of the following is TRUE about Elvish？ 　 　
A．The translation of"washed"in Elvish is"allu"．
B．The form of a noun doesn't change in Elvish．
C．Elvish and English share the same grammar．
D．Elvish is also used in the film The Hobbit．
（4）The best title for this passage might be 　 　．
A．Elvish，a Magical Language
B．J．R．R．Tolkien，a Great Writer
C．The Hobbit，a Wonderful Film
D．Language，a Way to Communicate．
5．（2024 复兴区模拟） This is the world's first underwater restaurant．It lies five meters below the surface of the Indian Ocean and has all﹣glass windows from floor to ceiling．It costs five million dollars．
In the five﹣star restaurant at the Conrad Maldives Hotel，you can enjoy the beauty of the ocean without getting your feet wet．You can see sharks，stingrays（黄貂鱼），turtles and stunning corals around you．
You need to wear sunglasses in the restaurant，because it is too bright under the crystal﹣clear blue water．The restaurant is named "Ithaa"﹣meaning "mother of pearl" in the Maldivian language of Dihevi．
Entering the restaurant，you can see six tables．Only two guests can sit near every table．And it costs you 190 dollars per person for dinner．The restaurant can offer 180﹣degree panoramic views．The New York Daily News rated it "the most beautiful restaurant in the world"．
The restaurant has never had water inside．It was built on dry land in Singapore，and then workers carefully lowered it into the ocean in one place．Every day，lots of customers are waiting to have dinner in this restaurant．Not only can they have delicious food，but also they can enjoy the beautiful ocean．
（1）When you have dinner in the restaurant，you should 　 　．
A．eat with getting your feet wet
B．wear a pair of sunglasses
C．wear a raincoat and rain shoes
D．offer your ID card
（2）When you are eating in the restaurant，you can enjoy watching something EXCEPT 　 　．
A．whales
B．sharks
C．stingrays
D．turtles
（3）The restaurant was built in 　 　．
A．India
B．New York
C．Singapore
D．China
（4）　 　guests can come to the restaurant to eat dinner at most．
A．Twenty
B．Six
C．Eight
D．Twelve
（5）If you come to the restaurant to eat dinner with your parents，you should pay 　 　for your dinner．
A．190 dollars
B．380 dollars
C．570 dollars
D．760 dollars
6．（2024 阿克陶县一模）A lot of people are crazy doing shopping through the Internet now．Why is it so popular？There are many reasons．First，more and more people have their own computers．It's possible for many of them to shop through the Internet．Second，people can spend less money buying things that they like．Third，people can buy things at home instead of going to the shop．It can save them much time．Because of these good facts，many people can't refuse it．
On the other hand，some people don't like this kind of way to do shopping．They can only see the pictures on the computer．They can't know the products well．People can't enjoy the pleasure of shopping in the large supermarkets or the wonderful shopping centers．
Do you like shopping through the Internet？What do you think of it？
（1）Many people are crazy doing shopping through the Internet． 　 　
（2）Few people have their own computers these days． 　 　
（3）People can spend less money buying things that they like through the Internet． 　 　
（4）It will take people more time to buy things through the Internet． 　 　
（5）Some people don't like shopping through the Internet． 　 　
7．（2024 五华区校级三模）Rita stepped into the cool，moving water．She pushed a black inner tube in front of her．She had a worried look on her face because she had never floated down a river before．
"Let me hold your tube while you climb on，"said her father．He smiled at her．"There's not a cloud in the sky．It's a great day to be in the river，isn't it？"
Rita looked out across the water．People were floating by on tubes．Some talked and laughed as they floated easily down the river．Others leaned back with hats pulled over their faces．None of them looked terrified．
"We'll stay together，"said Rita's father．"I'll hold on to your rope．"
"Will we go very fast？"Rita asked．
"No，"said Dad．"We'll move slowly for a while，and then it will get a little faster near the river's bend．Don't worry，Rita．You'll be fine．"
Rita looked at her tube．It gently moved up and down in the water．She saw a girl of her own age float by．The girl seemed to be having fun．Suddenly Rita's worries disappeared．
"I'm ready to climb on and ride，Dad，"she said．
（1）The underlined word"floated"in the reading means"　 　"．
A．漂浮
B．乘坐
C．划船
（2）What is Rita's problem in this story？　 　
A．She doesn't like to be in cool water．
B．She is afraid to try something new．
C．She is worried that she will get sunburned．
（3）What's the weather like in the story？　 　
A．Cloudy．
B．Rainy．
C．Sunny．
（4）Which of these happened last in the story？　 　
A．Rita pushed her black tube．
B．Rita saw a girl of her own age．
C．Rita stepped into the water．
（5）What's the best title for this passage？　 　
A．Rita's Ride．
B．Rita's Trip．
C．Rita's Visit．
8．（2023 钢城区模拟）Many people like doing unusual things，and some of them have appeared in the record books．Here are a few examples．
Saimir Strati from Albania built the largest picture ever made from toothpicks．More amazingly，a very beautiful horse is in it!The artist used 1.5 million toothpicks and it took him about a month to complete it．
Can you imagine how tall a motorbike is？Well，here's one!Gregory Dunham （the USA） has built the world's biggest motorbike．It is 2.4 meters tall，about 4 meters long and weighs about 1 ton．Has Gregory ever ridden it？ Of course，he has，and he says it's great fun!
People of Hamburg，Germany，set a new record．They have made the longest model train in the world．It is 110 meters long．How long would a real train of this size be？Leave it to your imagination．
Ashrita Furman has appeared in The Guinness Book of World Records 203 times．Furman once ran a mile in about 13 minutes while he was doing the hula hoop（呼拉圈）．But he isn't satisfied．Furman's life is all about breaking records．
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案．
（1）A 　 　 is in the largest picture made from toothpicks．
A．book
B．horse
C．train
D．hula hoop
（2）Gregory Dunham is from 　 　．
A．Albania
B．England
C．the USA
D．Germany
（3）The longest model train in the world is 　 　long．
A．1.5 meters
B．2.4 meters
C．4 meters
D．110 meters
（4）The Guinness Book of World Records has mentioned 　 　203 times．
A．Gregory Dunham
B．Ashrita Furman
C．some Germans
D．Saimir Strati
（5）According to the passage，we know that 　 　．
A．Saimir Strati built the largest toothpick picture
B．Gregory Dunham made the best hula hoop
C．some Germans made the longest real train
D．Ashrita Furman' s life is all about running
9．（2023 合川区模拟）A man liked shooting arrows （箭）．He studied it very hard for years．He thought he did it best and it was time for him to go out into the world．
One day when he walked through a forest，he saw a target （靶子） on a tree，with an arrow right in the center．He went on and found more and more trees with targets and arrows in the center．He was so surprised at this．He wanted to know who did it．
Soon he came to a farmhouse．An old man told him that he could find the person he wanted by the river．When he got there，he saw a little girl playing with her dog on the bank．
"Are you the person who shoots the arrows？"he asked the girl．
"Yes，that's me，"she replied．
"But how can you do that？"he wondered．
"That's easy，"said the girl happily．"First shoot an arrow．"Then draw a target．"
（1）The man liked　 　and studied it hard for years．
A．fishing
B．jumping
C．shooting
D．drawing
（2）The man was surprised to find many targets with　 　in the centers．
A．arrows
B．rivers
C．dogs
D．trees
（3）　 　shot an arrow first and then drew a target．
A．The girl
B．The man
C．The old man
D．The farmer．
10．（2023 德惠市二模）Every baby like sitting in the prams （婴儿车） which are pushed by their mothers along the road or in the park．They sit in the prams eating，drinking，laughing or sleeping．
But have you ever heard of the Pram Race before？It is held in Hull，England once a year．You might see some people running along the road and pushing the prams as fast as they can．However，there aren't any babies in the prams，but adults instead．They jump out of the prams and drink lots of milk on the table along the road．Then they get into the prams and go on racing．The Pram Race is held to raise money for the people in need!For example，it helps to make it possible for disabled people to have wheelchairs for fit．
It all started when Hull was a fishing town．Every Friday afternoon，fishermen's wives had to run，pushing the prams with their babies in．They took money to pay their bills and buy food rapidly before their husbands returned from the sea．
At the beginning，only a few people were interested in the race，but now quite a lot of people including children，teenagers and the old take part in it each year．It is watched by more than three thousand people．These days，the Pram Race has become more famous in the town．People can not only watch the exciting race，but also share their joy and friendship every year．If you want to watch the Pram Race，go to Hull．
（1）What do babies do while sitting in the prams？　 　
A．They eat，drink or run．
B．They drink，laugh or sleep．
C．They run，walk or jump．
D．They sleep，eat or race．
（2）How often is the Pram Race held？　 　
A．Once a week．
B．Once a month．
C．Once a year．
D．One a season．
（3）Who sits in the prams during the Pram Race？　 　
A．Babies．
B．Children．
C．Teenagers．
D．Adult
（4）What was the town like when the Pram Race started？　 　
A．A fishing town．
B．A riding town．
C．A shopping town．
D．A running town．
（5）Which of the following sentences is WRONG？　 　
A．The Pram Race was not very popular at the beginning．
B．The Pram Race is held to raise money for the people in need．
C．People in the prams drink lots of water along the road while racing．
D．The fishermen's wives were busy with a lot of things every Friday afternoon．
11．（2023 南山区校级二模）Community（社区） service means doing volunteer jobs for the public．It teaches valuable lessons about the duties of a citizen（公民）．Today，in the United States，important services are provided through thousands of organizations created to meet needs not provided by government at the local，state，and national levels．These activities help to create a sense of great care for the public．
There are close connections between community service programs and civic （公民的） education in school．At every level of school，students can be involved in community service projects．In the primary grades，one of the purposes for students is to learn basic civic values that include fair play，respect for the opinions of others，and the rights and duties of a citizen in our society．By taking part in community service programs，very young children can learn how to solve problems，work in groups as leaders or group members，and accept the duties for their decisions and actions．Besides，children develop knowledge of their community﹣its leaders，organizations，social groups，and standards of civic behavior．
Community service programs can provide the chances for students to learn social study skills．These include higher﹣level processes and skills of information collecting，critical thinking，and decision making．Community service programs also teach processes and skills for group discussions，leadership and teamwork．
Through community service programs，children can learn how people play roles in a discussion to work out the local problems．Students can volunteer to teach young children in child care centers or help in senior citizen centers．
根据短文内容，选择最佳答案，并在答题卡上按要求作答．
（1）From the passage，we know　 　 play a main role in community service．
A．the adult citizens B．the volunteer organizations
C．the students at school D．the local and state governments
（2）What is the meaning of the underlined sentence in Paragraph 2？　 　
A．Children can learn about their community at school．
B．Civic education is about knowledge of community．
C．School students can offer community service programs．
D．Communities provide chances for school civic education．
（3）Which of the following must be learnt in the primary grades？　 　
A．Basic civic values． B．Social study processes．
C．Skills for information collecting． D．Processes of decision making．
（4）What does the underlined word"These"in Paragraph 3 refer to？　 　
A．The students． B．Social study skills．
C．The chances． D．Community service programs．
（5）This passage is mainly about　 　．
A．how the students set up community service organizations．
B．how schools get involved in community service programs．
C．what can be learnt by joining in community service programs．
D．the volunteer jobs that the students can do in their community．
12．（2023 句容市校级一模）At noon the rush hour had passed．There were few guests （顾客） in the snack bar．It was not crowded．When the boss was about to take a break to read a newspaper，in came an old lady and a little boy．
"How much money is a bowl of beef soup？"the grandma sat down，counted the money in her purse and ordered a bowl of beef soup．The grandma pushed the bowl to the little boy，who swallowed （吞咽） his saliva （口水），looking at his grandma and saying，"Grandma，did you really have lunch？""Of course．"His grandma chewed （咀嚼） a piece of radish （萝卜泡菜） slowly．Very quickly，the little boy ate up the meal．
Seeing this．the boss went over to them and said，"Old lady，congratulations，you are lucky to have the free food，for you are our 100th guest．"
Afterwards，over a month or more，one day，the small boy squatted （蹲） across the snack bar，where he seemed to be counting something，which shocked the boss when he happened to look out office window．
When the small boy saw a guest walk into the snack bar，he would put a small stone into the circle he drew，but the lunch time had almost passed，the small stones he put into the circle were hardly 50．
The boss was quite worried and called up all his old guests．The guests started coming one after another．
"81，82，83…"the small boy counted faster and faster．At last，when the 99th small stone was put into the circle，the little boy hurried to pull his grandma's hand and went into the snack bar．
"Grandma，this time it's on me，"the little boy said proudly．The grandma who had become the real 100th guest was served a bowl of beef soup by her grandson．As his grandma as before，the little boy chewed a piece of radish in his mouth．
（1）Grandma ordered only one bowl of beef soup because 　 　．
A．Grandma only liked radish
B．Grandma didn't like beef soup
C．Grandma loved her grandson more than herself
D．There was only one bowl of beef soup left in the snack bar at that time
（2）What do you think of the boss of the snack bar'？ 　 　
A．Impatient． B．Warm hearted． C．Very rich． D．Hard﹣working．
（3）Why did the boy put the small stones into the circle he drew？ 　 　
A．He played games with his friends．
B．He was asked to count the guests for the boss．
C．He wanted to get the free beef soup for his grandma．
D．He only wanted to know the number of the small stones．
（4）Which can be the best title of the passage？ 　 　
A．The 100th guest B．A snack bar
C．A boy counting stones D．A poor grandma．
13．（2022 八步区模拟）The 2030 Agenda （议程） says that ending poverty in all its forms，including extreme poverty （极度贫困），is the greatest task.But now there about 842 million people don't have enough to eat today.Especially in developing countries.
The good news is that there are ways to end poverty.
Creating jobs，both in the United States and abroad，is a great way to deal with poverty.When people have jobs，they have money，and when people have money，they can more easily get themselves out of poverty.The U.N.says that "For the poor，labor （劳动） is often the only thing they can use to improve their well﹣being （幸福的）."
The education of girls and women impacts （影响） the rest of the societies （社会）.A woman's degree （学历） of education is connected with the age at which she marries and has children，to her health and diseases.Educating girls and women can end poverty in developing nations，as well as in the United States.
The United States hasn't raised the lowest pay since 2007.Because of this，the USA full﹣time worker with two children getting the lowest pay will still raise his or her family in poverty.And this is a problem in almost every other country，especially in developing nations.Raising the lowest pay could possibly increase the health and well﹣being of millions.
The president of the World Bank，Jim Yong Kim，says that he believes health care covering in all countries can help achieve a goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030.He says that health care could end poverty.Because about 100 million people are pushed into extreme poverty every year by having to spend money on health problems.These ways to end poverty show that while there is a difficult road ahead，there is a practical path forward.
根据短文内容，选择最佳选项，将其标号在答题卡上涂黑。
（1）How many ways to end poverty are mentioned in the passage？ 　 　
A．Four.
B．Five.
C．Six.
D．Seven.
（2）What is the only thing the poor can use to improve their well﹣being？ 　 　
A．Creating.
B．Labor.
C．Studying.
D．Education.
（3）What is the fourth paragraph mainly about？ 　 　
A．The importance of educating girls and women.
B．The ways of educating girls and women.
C．The time of educating girls and women.
D．A woman's degree.
（4）Which way can help achieve a goal of ending extreme poverty by 2030？ 　 　
A．Creating jobs.
B．Education of the girls and women.
C．Raising the lowest pay.
D．Health care.
14．（2022 钦北区模拟）In 1987，a small company named Huawei was started in Shenzhen.After more than 30 years of development，the company has now beaten Apple and become the second﹣ largest maker of smartphones behind Korea's Samsung.It has also become the world's largest supplier（供应商）of 5 G.
But recently，Huawei faced some difficulties.The U.S.government ordered a ban （禁令） on its sales in America.American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government.At the same time，the U.S.government planned to stop selling parts and services to Huawei，which was believed that Huawei's business would be hurt.
"We have never received such a request from the Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other systems to collect information. " Ren Zhengfei，Huawei's founder and president said."The ban from the U.S.would have little effect on our company.Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems. "Ren added.
In an interview several years ago，Ren Zhengfei said， "I started Huawei with only 4，000 at the beginning，but now it has become a ＄ 100 billion company.The experience was not as romantic（浪漫的） as you imagine.
Facing the ban of the U.S. ，Huawei is growing.Huawei's smartphone sales around the world rose 50 percent compared to a year earlier in the first three months of 2019.At the same time，sales from both Samsung and Apple fell.So far，Huawei has grown into the world's largest communications equipment（电信设备）supplier，selling in 170 countries！It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphone maker in the near future.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
（1）Which company is the largest supplier of 5 G in the world？ 　 　
A．Apple.
B．Samsung.
C．Huawei.
D．Nokia.
（2）Why did the U.S.order a ban on Huawei？ 　 　
A．Huawei's sales in America were growing faster than Apple.
B．Huawei refused to supply services to the U.S.government.
C．They didn't want Apple to sell parts and services to Huawei.
D．They thought Huawei collected information for the Chinese government.
（3）From what Ren Zhengfei said，we can learn that Huawei 　 　.
A．is deeply affected by the ban
B．has go to the system of the U.S.
C．can solve the problems they are facing
D．is asked to supply information to China
（4）The underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 means 　 　.
A．Huawei's developing experience was hard
B．it is romantic to start a company with 4，000
C．the romantic experience was a large amount of wealth
D．people can understand Huawei's developing experience easily
（5）What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph？ 　 　.
A．Huawei will grow slowly
B．Huawei is full of hope
C．Huawei's sales will be doubled
D．Huawei is the largest smartphone maker
15．（2024 南京模拟）Artificial intelligence：Google's AlphaGo beats Go master Lee Se﹣dol
A computer program has beaten a master Go player 3﹣0 in a best﹣of﹣five competition，in what is seen as a landmark moment for artificial intelligence （人工智能）．
Google s AlphaGo program was playing against Lee Se﹣dol in Seoul，in South Korea．
Mr Lee had been confident he would win before the competition started．
"AlphaGo played consistently （稳定地） from beginning to the end while Lee，as he is only human，showed some mental weakness，"one of Lee s coaches，Kwon Kap﹣Yong，told the AFP news agency．
Mr Lee is considered as a successful Go player，having won many competitions in his career．
Go is a game of two players who take turns putting black or white stones on a 19﹣by﹣19 grid （棋格）．Players win by surrounding their competitors pieces with their own．
In the first game of the series （系列赛），AlphaGo won by a very small chance﹣Mr Lee had led for most of the match，but AlphaGo managed to build up a strong lead in its closing stages．
After losing the second match to DeepMind，Lee Se﹣dol said he was"speechless"adding that the AlphaGo machine played a"nearly perfect game"．
Experts said that Lee Se﹣dol had brought his"top game"but that AlphaGo had won"in great style"．
The AlphaGo system was developed by British computer company DeepMind which was bought by Google in 2014．It has built up its special skills by studying older games and teasing out so many kinds of ways of play．And，according to DeepMind CEO Demis Hassabis，it has also spent a lot of time just playing the game．
"It played itself，millions and millions of times and each time got a little better﹣it learns from its mistakes，"he told the BBC before the matches started．
This good circle of continuous improvement meant the super computer went into the five﹣match series stronger than when it beat the European player late last year．
Does this mean artificial intelligence is now smarter than us and will kill us humans？Certainly not．AlphaGo doesn't care if it wins or loses．Does it mean that artificial intelligence will soon take your job？Possibly you should be more worried about that．
（1）What had Lee Se﹣dol thought about the competition before it started？ 　 　
A．He would beat AlphaGo．
B．AlphaGo would lead the match．
C．It was hard to tell who would win．
D．AlphaGo would have some weakness．
（2）What happened in the first game of the series？ 　 　
A．Mr Lee won by a very small chance．
B．AlphaGo had led for most of the match．
C．Mr Lee was beaten by AlphaGo finally．
D．AlphaGo built up a strong lead at the beginning．
（3）What does the underlined phrase"teasing out"probably mean？ 　 　
A．Giving out．
B．Working out．
C．Running out．
D．Pointing out．
（4）The writer may agree that 　 　in the future．
A．human will be killed by artificial intelligence
B．artificial intelligence will do everything for human
C．people might lose jobs because of artificial intelligence
D．artificial intelligence will be much smarter than human．
16．（2024 湘乡市一模）Mary is an African elephant．Now she is 16 years old．She lives in the zoo．Mary has produced more than 50 drawings since last year．She has made over ＄2，500 for the zoo．Zoo leaders say Mary first showed the art ability （能力） about 4 years ago．Zoo workers watched her make the marks （痕迹） in the sand with her trunk （象鼻）．She rubbed out （抹去） the marks，then made the new ones．The zoo workers gave her brushes and paints．Soon Mary was drawing pictures．Newspaper reporters wrote about Mary，and then people went to buy her pictures．And in this way she made a lot of money for the zoo by drawing．
This is how Mary does the drawing．A zoo worker holds different color paints and Mary touches the colors she wants．Then the worker gives her the chosen color to the brushes in her trunk and Mary begins to paint．
（1）Mary is　 　．
A．a girl
B．a zoo worker
C．a zoo leader
D．an elephant from Africa
（2）She has made over　 　 for the zoo．
A． ＄4
B． ＄16
C．＄50
D．＄ 2500
（3）Mary first learned to draw pictures　 　．
A．to make money
B．when she was 4 years old
C．in the sand with her trunk
D．when she was 16 years old
（4）　 　 wrote about Mary，and then people went to buy her pictures．
A．A magazine
B．A history textbook
C．Newspaper reporters
D．An advertisement
（5）Mary rubbed out the marks she had made in order to　 　．
A．clean her trunk
B．make other ones
C．please the visitors
D．ask for more brushes and paints
17．（2023 东阿县二模）The government in China plans to end its one﹣child policy and let families have two children instead．The plan was announced on Thursday after high﹣level political meetings in Beijing．A Chinese Communist Party statement gave a number of reasons for the change in policy．The statement said the change is meant to balance population development，stop a falling birth rate（出生率） and strengthen （增强） the country's labor force（劳动力）．
China，with the largest population in the world，started the one﹣child policy in 1980．But the government allowed only a small number of couples to have two children．For example，some families in the countryside could have two children．If the first﹣born child is a girl．
In 2013，the Chinese government gave other couples a chance to have two children if one of them was an only child．
Jiang Quanbao，a teacher and population expert，explained how Chinese families react to the newest policy． "Too many young people in the cities are no longer interested in having a second child，" he said． "People in the countryside are more interested．And some of them are already allowed to have two children．"
At the end of 2014，China had a population of 1.37 billion people．A total of 800 million of them have jobs．But the labor market population will drop in 35 years．That is to say，the country will be in great need of labor by the year 2050．With the two﹣child policy，an increase in births can solve this problem．
Boys and girls，what do you think of the two﹣child policy？Do you want to have a new﹣born brother or a sister？
（1）Why does the government plan to end the one﹣child policy？ 　 　
A．Because we need a larger population．
B．Because millions of people have jobs．
C．Because most families want to have a second child．
D．Because a falling birth rate must be stopped．
（2）How do most young people in the cities react to the two﹣ child policy？ 　 　
A．They support the policy．
B．They don't think it is good．
C．They're very interested．
D．They're not interested any more．
（3）When will our country be seriously short of labor if the one﹣ child policy continues？ 　 　
A．In 2015
B．In 2035
C．In 2050
D．In 2070．
（4）What's the order of the following events？ 　 　
①The two﹣child policy was announced
②China had a population of 1.37 billion people
③Some families in the countryside could have two children．
④Families could have two children if one parent was an only child
A．③④②①
B．②①④③
C．④③②①
D．③①④②
（5）What may happen after we have the two﹣child policy？ 　 　
A．There will be more old people．
B．The labor market population will drop．
C．Almost every family will have a second child．
D．The population development will be balanced．
18．（2023 利州区模拟）One day an ant was drinking at a small river and fell in．She made desperate（不顾一切的） efforts to reach the side，but made no progress at all．The poor ant was very tired，but she was still bravely doing her best when a dove saw her．Moved with pity，the bird threw her a blade of grass，which supported her like a raft（筏子），and thus the ant reached the bank again．While she was resting and drying herself in the grass，she heard a man come near．He was walking along barefooted（光脚） with a gun in his hand．As soon as he saw the dove，he wished to kill it．He would certainly have done so，but the ant bit him in the foot just as he raised his gun to fire．He stopped to see what had bit him，and the dove immediately flew away．It was an animal much weaker and smaller than herself that had saved her life．
（1）The ant could not reach the side though 　 　．
A．she cried for help
B．she asked the dove to save her
C．she tried very hard
D．she could swim well
（2）The dove saved the ant because 　 　．
A．she was the ant's friend
B．the ant had been struggled in the water for a long time
C．the ant was very tired
D．she took pity on the poor ant
（3）The ant succeeded in getting on the bank with the help of 　 　．
A．a leaf
B．raft
C．a piece of wood
D．a blade of grass
（4）Just as the man shot at the dove， 　 　．
A．he felt something biting him in the foot
B．the dove hid himself in the grass
C．the ant told the dove to leave at once
D．the dove immediately flew away
（5）In writing the story，the writer wants to show 　 　．
A．how clever the ant was
B．how kind the dove was
C．how the ant and the dove helped each other
D．we often need help from others，therefore we should help others as much as we can．
19．（2022 滨海新区二模）In 1987，a small company named Huawei was started in Shenzhen.After more than 30 years of development，the company has now beaten Apple and become the world's second﹣largest maker of smartphones behind Korea's Samsung.It has also become the world's largest supplier （供应商） of 5 G.
But recently，Huawei faced some difficulties.The U.S.government ordered a ban （禁令） on its sales in America.American officials said Huawei gave information that it collected to the Chinese government.At the same time，the U.S.government planned to stop selling parts and services to Huawei，which was believed that Huawei's business would be hurt.
"We have never received such a request（要求）from the Chinese government and we have never tried to get into other systems to collect information." Ren Zhengfei，Huawei's founder and president said. "This ban from the U.S.would have little effect （影响）on our company.Huawei has enough ability to deal with the problems." Ren added.
In an interview several years ago，Ren Zhengfei said， "I started Huawei with only ￡4，000 at the beginning，but now it has become a ＄100 billion company. The experience was not as romantic（浪漫的）as you imagine."
Facing the ban of the U.S.，Huawei is growing.Huawei's smartphone sales around the world rose 50 percent compared to a year earlier in the first three months of 2019.At the same time，sales from both Samsung and Apple fell.So far，Huawei has grown into the world's largest telecommunications equipment （电信设备）supplier，selling in 170 countries!It may beat Samsung as the largest smartphone maker in the near future.
（1）Which company is the largest supplier of 5 G in the world？ 　 　
A．Samsung.
B．Huawei.
C．Apple.
D．Nokia.
（2）Why did the U.S.order a ban on Huawei？ 　 　
A．Huawei's sales in America were growing faster than Apple.
B．Huawei refused to supply services to the U.S.government.
C．They didn't want Apple to sell parts and services to Huawei.
D．They thought Huawei collected information for the Chinese government.
（3）From what Ren Zhengfei said，we can learn that 　 　.
A．Huawei can solve the problems they are facing
B．Huawei is asked to supply information to China
C．Huawei has got into the system of the U.S.
D．the ban from the U.S.has much effect on the company
（4）What does the underlined sentence mean in Paragraph 4？ 　 　
A．It is romantic to start a company with ￡4，000.
B．Huawei's developing experience was hard.
C．The romantic experience was a large amount of wealth.
D．People can understand Huawei 's developing experience easily.
（5）What does the writer want to tell us in the last paragraph？ 　 　
A．Huawei will grow slowly.
B．Huawei's sales will be doubled.
C．Huawei is full of hope.
D．Huawei is the largest smartphone maker.
20．（2022 滨湖区校级二模）The government is working to encourage larger families.To provide nursery（托儿所） care services has become the latest focal point in China's push to raise the birthrate，according to official documents and experts.
Song Jian，deputy director of the Population Development Studies Centre at Renmin University of China in Beijing，said last year's work report mainly pointed out the importance of the need to adjust（调整） family planning policies and make them more complete，while the 2022 report laid out real measures（措施）. "The next step is to ensure implementation（落实），" Song said. "Developing nursery care services is an important measure to provide service support.It can help solve the problem of who looks after the kids before the baby reaches the age to get into a kindergarten."
Nursery care services are widely considered to be a useful way of helping to raise the birthrate.That's because such services can help women to achieve a balance between career and family，according to Wang Gewei and Zhao Yaohui，researchers at Peking University in Beijing. "Although high﹣income families can afford to hire nannies（保姆） or ask grandparents to look after the kids so the parents can return to the workplace，low﹣income families may not be able to do so because they cannot afford nannies，and the grandparents cannot give up their work to care for the kids." they wrote in an article published in the journal Fudan Finance Review in January.The authors said providing high﹣quality，affordable nursery care services is the key to reducing or preventing the disadvantages that women face once they become mothers，such as being paid less because they work fewer hours.
However，lots of parents find it really difficult to find a suitable nursery care centre.A nursery worker Casey in Wuxi，Jiangsu province，said the Child Care Centre she works for costs about 2，500 yuan （﹩395）per baby per month. "Nearly all the parents are requiring us to adjust the price." she said.As a frontline worker，she said that it is necessary for the Centre to be considerate and meet reasonable needs from parents. "For example，even though the official opening hour for the centre is around 8：30 a.m.，parents can drop their kids off earlier，at 7：50 a.m.，so they can go straight to work afterwards，" she said， "Besides，we have both traditional Chinese nursery care methods and Montessori education—a system developed by an Italian physician，so their children will receive good﹣quality care，and they will see rapid improvements in their children's habits and cognitive（认知） skills."
（1）What does the word "focal" mean in Paragraph 1？ 　 　
A．重要的
B．病灶的
C．优先的
D．反面的
（2）Nursery care services can bring many advantages EXCEPT 　 　
A．They can help raise the birthrate.
B．They can help mothers to work fewer hours.
C．They can help mothers to take care of the kids.
D．They can help women to achieve a balance between career and family.
（3）What can we learn from the passage？ 　 　
A．China has paid more attention to raising the birthrate.
B．High﹣income families do not need nursery care services.
C．The government laid out real measures to raise birthrate in 2021.
D．Providing nursery care services are the only way to raise the birthrate.
（4）The last paragraph mainly wants to tell us that 　 　
A．The nursery care centre costs too much money.
B．The nursery care centre should adjust their official opening hours.
C．A high level of education can be provided by the nursery care centre now.
D．There's still a long way to provide people with suitable nursery care services.
2025年中考英语二轮复习之阅读理解—社会
参考答案与试题解析
一．阅读理解（共20小题）
1．（2024 越秀区校级二模）It may be hard to believe，but the American Revolution （革命）﹣ the war that freed the American states from British control﹣﹣﹣began over a cup of tea.Tea was not the only thing that caused the war，of course，but it played a very big part.
The British people's love of tea is well﹣known.When the British won control over much of North America in the early 1700s，they brought their tea﹣drinking habits with them.Tea quickly became the continent's most popular drink.As tea could not be grown locally，just as in Britain，it was shipped into the country﹣mostly from India.
In the early 1700s，the Britain government made a special deal with the East India Company，as an English trading company.They agreed that no other company was allowed to bring tea to Britain or any country controlled by Britain，including America.It was a great deal for the East India Company，since it meant that the company could decide whatever price it wanted for its products.And it always decided on a high price!
In North America，the local people did not like having to pay such high prices.Instead of overpaying for tea from the British，they turned to Dutch traders，who secretly brought tea to the country that was just as good﹣and much less expensive.Although this broke the law，the American people didn't care.They got the same cup of tea at a much lower price.
The East India Company，however，didn't like this at all.By the 1760s，they were losing millions of pounds each year to Dutch traders﹣﹣﹣a huge amount of money in a time when 60 a year was considered a good income.Instead of reducing their prices to compete with the Dutch，the company asked the British government for help and the government agreed.
In 1767，the British introduced new laws that increased the prices of all goods which were brought into America.These laws helped make the East India Company even richer and forced local people to pay much more for everything.The American leaders asked the British government not to do so，but the British refused to listen.These unfair laws increased Americans' anger about British rule and the rest，as they say，is history.
（1）The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 3 refers to 　D　.
A．the tea maker
B．the American government
C．the British government
D．the East India Company
（2）Why did many Americans begin to buy tea from the Dutch traders？ 　A　
A．The tea was much cheaper.
B．The tea was a lot healthier.
C．They could buy it more easily.
D．They didn't want to support the British.
（3）What did the East India Company do to stop losing money？ 　D　
A．It reduced the price of its tea.
B．It improved the taste of its tea.
C．It introduced a new kind of tea.
D．It asked the British government for help.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？ 　C　
A．Tea trade in eighteenth century America
B．The relationship between America and Britain.
C．A reason for the start of the American Revolutionary War.
D．The introduction of British tea﹣drinking habits into America.
【考点】社会；细节理解；主旨大意；词句猜测．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文讲述了美国独立革命的一个重要原因﹣﹣茶，可谓是"茶引发的一场革命"。
【解答】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子It was a great deal for the East India Company，since it meant that the company could decide whatever price ____wanted for its products知，这对东印度公司来说是一笔大买卖，因为这意味着该公司可以决定其产品的任何价格，因此it在句中指的是东印度公司，即the East India Company。故选D。
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段中they turned to Dutch traders，who secretly brought tea to the country that was just as good﹣and much less expensive知，他们（美国当地人）转向荷兰商人，荷兰商人秘密地把同样好的茶叶带到了这个国家，而且便宜得多；因此，美国人开始从荷兰商人那里买茶，是因为茶的价格便宜。故选A。
（3）D.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中the company asked the British government for help and the government agreed知，（东印度）公司请求英国政府帮助，政府同意了；因此，东印度公司是通过向英国政府寻求帮助，来停止亏损的。故选D。
（4）C.主旨大意题。通读全文及首段的中心句the American Revolution ﹣﹣ the war that freed the American states from British control﹣﹣﹣began over a cup of tea知，美国独立战争﹣﹣美国各州从英国控制下解放出来的战争﹣﹣是在一杯茶的时候开始的；因此，本文主要讲述了美国独立战争爆发的其中一个重要的原因﹣﹣茶。C项表述符合题意。故选C。
【点评】学生在解答本篇阅读理解题时，应先通读全文，掌握大意后，再根据各题考查的信息，在原文相应段落中寻找答案。
2．（2024 涪城区二模）Christine and Ryan are good friends．They both live on a farm on an island near Ireland．
One morning，Ryan came to Christine's house．"Christine，let's go to the beach．"
They went to the beach to look for shells （贝壳） and other beautiful things．Suddenly Christine shouted，"Look!There's something in that net （网） over there．"
They ran over and found a small bird in the net．The bird was black and white，and it had orange legs．
"What kind of bird is that？"Ryan asked．
"I don't know，"Christine answered．
They ran back to Christine's house and showed the beautiful bird to Christine's dad．
"It's a young puffin （海鹦），"he told them．"Puffins catch fish in the water．They can fly and they are very good at swimming．There were lots of puffins on the island，but now there aren't many．"
"Why not？"Christine asked．
"There aren't many fish anymore，"said her dad．The children put the small puffin in a box．Christine's mom gave the children some fish and they fed the puffin．
Ryan came over to Christine's house every day to feed the puffin．It got bigger and bigger．One morning there was no puffin in the box．
"Where is it？"Christine asked her mom．
"I'm sure the puffin is with its friends out in the sea．"
It was a year later．Christine was looking for shells on the beach again．Suddenly，she heard Ryan shouting，"Come quickly，Christine!"
Christine ran along the beach and then she saw them．There were three puffins on a stone near the farm．Christine was sure that one of them was their puffin．She was very happy．
根据材料内容选择最佳答案．
（1）Where did Christine and Ryan first find the puffin？ 　A　
A．In a net．
B．In a garden．
C．On a farm．
D．On a stone．
（2）Which of the following is TRUE about the puffin？ 　D　
A．It had black and white legs．
B．It was old but beautiful．
C．It was a poor swimmer．
D．It lived on fish．
（3）Who seemed to know a lot about puffins？ 　A　
A．Christine's father．
B．Christine's mother．
C．Christine．
D．Ryan．
（4）What happened to the puffin while it was in Christine's house？ 　D　
A．It got hurt．
B．It died．
C．It got ill．
D．It flew away．
（5）What does the underlined word"them"refer to？ 　B　
A．Shells．
B．Puffins．
C．Fish．
D．Children．
【考点】社会；细节理解；推理判断；词句猜测．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】【文章大意】本文说的是，人与鸟类和睦相处的故事。克里斯蒂安和雷恩在海滩上玩的时候发现渔网中有一种鸟，他们把它带回家后，克里斯蒂安的父亲告诉他们这是一只海鹦，并给他们说了关于这种鸟的知识．后来，鸟儿飞走了，但是，有一天，他们又发现三只海鹦，他们确信，其中一种就是他们所发现的那只。
【解答】（1）A．细节理解题．根据句中的"They ran over and found a small bird in the net"可知，他们在网中发现了一只小鸟．故选A．
（2）D．推理判断题．根据句中的"There aren't many fish anymore"可知，因为没有很多鱼，所以海鹦的数量也不多了．再根据"Christine's mom gave the children some fish and they fed the puffin"可知，海鹦以鱼为食．故选D．
（3）A．细节理解题．根据句中的"It's a young puffin （海鹦），"he told them"和"Puffins catch fish in the water"及"They can fly and they are very good at swimming"可知，克里斯蒂安的爸爸对海鹦很了解．故选A．
（4）D．细节理解题．根据句中的"I'm sure the puffin is with its friends out in the sea"可知，海鹦飞走了．故选D．
（5）B．词义猜测题．根据句中的"There were three puffins on a stone near the farm"可知，them代指puffins．故选B．
【点评】首先要通读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
3．（2024 浙江模拟）English teenagers will receive cooking lessons in schools．The idea is to encourage healthy eating to solve the problem that many people are overweight．Also ，it worries people that basic cooking and food preparation skills are being lost because parents use too much pre﹣prepared fast food．
Cooking was once regarded as an important part of education in England﹣﹣﹣even if it was mainly for girls．In recent years cooking has become less important in schools．But the rising level of obesity（肥胖的） has led to rethink about the food that children are given and the skills they should be taught．
"What we want is to teach young people how to do basic，simple meals，which they can use now at home and then in their life，" said Ed Balls，an education expert．
The new lessons will start in September，but some schools without kitchens will be given a longer time to prepare．Also ，there may be a shortage of teachers with the right skills，since schools have been teaching food technology rather than practical cooking．Besides，the lessons for hand﹣on cooking will only be one hour a week for one term．But the well﹣known cookery writer，Pru Leith，believe it will be worth it．
"If we'd done this thirty years ago we might not have to face the problem about obesity and lack of knowledge about food and so on．Every child should know how to cook，not just so that they'll be healthy，but because it's a life skill which is a real pleasure．"
The renewed interest in cooking is an effort to reduce the obesity rate，which is almost the highest in Europe，and according to the government，half of all British people will be obese in 25 years if present trends（趋势） are not halted．
（1）The passage mainly talks about 　D　．
A．the reason for obesity
B．the lost cooking skills
C．the healthy eating
D．the cooking classes
（2）Which of the following is NOT the aim of bringing back cooking lessons in Britain？ 　D　
A．To encourage teenagers to eat healthy food．
B．To reduce the country's increasing obesity rate．
C．To prevent basic cooking and food preparation skills from being lost．
D．To encourage parents to use more pre﹣prepared fast food．
（3）How will cooking lessons do good to the students？ 　B　
A．All of them will become good cooks in their later life．
B．Students will be healthy and enjoy the pleasure of such a life skill as well．
C．Students will be able to make food experiments with the knowledge and skills．
D．Students will be able to control the level of obesity in the whole country．
（4）The underlined word "halted" in the last paragraph probably means " 　B　"．
A．continued
B．stopped
C．discussed
D．kept
（5）It can inferred from the passage that 　C　．
A．cooking has always been an important part of school education in England．
B．English teenagers will have their cooking lessons one hour a month for one year．
C．the obesity rate in Britain has been growing rapidly in recent years．
D．the students will pay much money for their cooking lessons．
【考点】社会；细节理解；主旨大意；推理判断；词句猜测．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】本文主要介绍英国青少年将在学校接受烹饪课程．这个想法是鼓励健康饮食来解决许多人超重的问题．
【解答】（1）D．主旨大意题．根据English teenagers will receive cooking lessons in schools．英国青少年将在学校接受烹饪课程．可知本文主要讲的是烹饪课程．故选D．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据 Also ，it worries people that basic cooking and food preparation skills are being lost because parents use too much pre﹣prepared fast food．此外，它使人们担心基本的烹饪和食物准备技能正在丢失，因为父母使用过多的预先准备好的快餐．故选D．
（3）B．细节理解题．根据 Every child should know how to cook，not just so that they'll be healthy，but because it's a life skill which is a real pleasure．"每个孩子都应该知道如何做饭，不仅仅是因为他们会健康，而是因为这是一种真正的快乐生活技能．可知
学生将保持健康，并享受这种生活技能的乐趣．故选B．
（4）B．词义猜测题．根据The renewed interest in cooking is an effort to reduce the obesity rate，which is almost the highest in Europe，and according to the government，half of all British people will be obese in 25 years if present trends（趋势） are not halted．对烹饪的兴趣重新燃起是为了降低肥胖率，这几乎是欧洲最高的，据政府称，如果目前的趋势没有halted，那么所有英国人中有一半将在25年内肥胖．可知是停止的意思．故选B．
（5）C．推理判断题．根据The renewed interest in cooking is an effort to reduce the obesity rate，which is almost the highest in Europe，and according to the government，half of all British people will be obese in 25 years if present trends（趋势） are not halted．对烹饪的兴趣重新燃起是为了降低肥胖率，这几乎是欧洲最高的，据政府称，如果目前的趋势没有halted，那么所有英国人中有一半将在25年内肥胖．可知近年来，英国的肥胖率一直在快速增长．故选C．
【点评】先通读全文，以理解整个段落和整篇文章为主，在涵盖出题点的句子上用心捉摸．
4．（2024 黔西市模拟）As one of the most well﹣known of the fantasy languages invented for science fiction film，television and book，and developed by J．R．R．Tolkien himself，Elvish is made up with several thousand words and different sentence structures．
Constructed languages （人造语言） like Elvish are real languages，made up of thousands of words created by fantasy writers，linguists and fans，with real language rules．While a
widespread vocabulary is advantageous to a constructed language，there is a key differentiator （区分者） we can see between just a lot of words and real language：Grammar．
Grammar is what makes constructed languages like Elvish learnable by everyday superfans．Superfans of The Lord of the Rings have built websites and created dictionaries，apps and translators，to teach Elvish．They have also created online clubs where fans can discuss and even create new words based on the already existing vocabulary，and continue to study the language．
So what does it take to be a master of Elvish？
In learning Elvish，there are a couple of grammatical rules similar to those of the English language．For example，in order to make a verb past tense in English，you have to add an﹣ed，making wash washed．Similarly in Elvish，in order to change the word for wash，which is allu，to the past tense then you have to add an﹣ne to the word．So washed is then translated to allune in past tense．
Nouns in Elvish are different in the way that the noun changes depending on how it's used in a sentence，just like in Latin or Russian．For example，the word head in Elvish is CAS．However，if you duck your head，then the word changes to CARA．When mentioning something in your head，then it changes to CASSE．Tolkien's attention to detail in creating the fantasy world used in The Lord of the Rings and The Hobbit，complete with multiple functioning （多功能的） invented languages，has attracted readers and movie viewers these years．
Elvish is only one of the many magical languages developed by J．R．R．Tolkien．Creating language for fantasy has proven to add to viewers and readers experiences．By transplanting their imagination to a new world，fans are able to learn the new language and speak Elvish with each other，much like their favorite characters．
（1）Elvish is considered a real language because 　A　．
A．certain grammatical rules make the language learnable
B．it is made up with lots of words and sentence structures
C．characters in The Lord of the Rings use it to communicate
D．new words can be created based on already existing words
（2）For the fans of The Lord of the Rings， 　C　．
A．Elvish is a language difficult to learn
B．there is no Elvish dictionary to refer to
C．Elvish adds to the novel's attractiveness
D．they can even create new grammar for Elvish
（3）Which of the following is TRUE about Elvish？ 　D　
A．The translation of"washed"in Elvish is"allu"．
B．The form of a noun doesn't change in Elvish．
C．Elvish and English share the same grammar．
D．Elvish is also used in the film The Hobbit．
（4）The best title for this passage might be 　A　．
A．Elvish，a Magical Language
B．J．R．R．Tolkien，a Great Writer
C．The Hobbit，a Wonderful Film
D．Language，a Way to Communicate．
【考点】社会；主旨大意；推理判断．
【答案】见试题解答内容
【分析】原文大意：
作为科幻电影最著名的幻想语言之一，电视和书籍是由J．R．R．Tolkien自己开发，精灵由几千个词和不同的句子结构组成．
构造语言就像精灵，是真实的语言，由幻想作家，语言学家和球迷创造的数千个词组成，具有真实的语言规则．广泛熟知的词汇有利于一种语言的构造，在许多词汇和一门语言之间，有一个关键区别，那就是语法．语法是使构造的语言像精灵一样变成可以被日常超级粉丝学习的东西．魔戒的建立者建立了网站，创建了字典，应用程序和翻译，并且一直在教授精灵．他们还创建了在线俱乐部，粉丝可以讨论甚至基于已经存在的词汇创建新词，并继续学习语言．
那么，成为精灵的高手需要什么？
在学习精灵语言时，有一些与英语语法相似的语法规则．例如，为了使英语中的动词过去时态，你必须添加ed，比如把wash变成washed．类似地在精灵中，在改变洗涤这个词时，这个词是allu，过去时，那么你必须添加一个ne到这个词．然后洗就被翻译成过去时的allune．
精灵中的名词根据其在句子中的使用方式而有所不同，就像在拉丁语或俄语中一样．例如，精灵中的词头是CAS．但是，如果你低头，那么词改变为CARA．当你注意到脑海中的某些事情，那么它将变为CASSE．Tolkien在戒指和霍比特人非常在意使用文字的细节，努力完成多功能发明语言，因此这么多年吸引了大量的读者和电影观众．
精灵只是由J．R．R．Tolkien开发的许多神奇语言之一．创造奇幻语言已经证明了其在创作中加入了观众和读者的经验．通过移植他们的想象力到一个新的世界，影迷们能够学习新的语言，并且彼此通过精灵交流．并且，更加喜欢剧中人物的性格．
【解答】（1）A，文义推断题，文中指出"lik