2024-2025学年中考通用版英语介词专题复习课件

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中考英语介词专题复习
通用版
2024-2025学年
目录
表示时间的介词
表示地点方位介词
其他常考介词
介词短语
表示时间
的介词
介词on、at、in的用法
1.at通常用于具体的时刻、年龄或重大节日前。
at eight o’clock在8点at Christmas 在圣诞节
2.on主要用于星期几、具体的某一天或某一天的上午、下午或晚上前。也可用于节日前。
on 29th July在7月29日 on Monday 在星期一
3.in强调时间段，即在较长的一段时间内，后多接表示年代、月份、季节等的名词或泛指的一天的上午、下午或晚上。
I bought my new clothes in May.我5月买的新衣服。
in和after的区分
in 加时间段，用于将来时，表示将来一段时间后。
after 加时间段，用于过去时，表示从过去某个时间点算起一段时间后；加时间点，既可用于将来时也可用于过去时。
1.“for+时间段”表示“延续多久”，作时间状语时，句子时态可用过去时、现在时或将来时。
He lived in London for two years.
他在伦敦住过两年。
2.during表示“在······期间”，与表示一段特定时间的名词（短语）连用，强调时间的延续；也可表示某段时间内自始至终的状态。
During the summer she worked as a lifeguard.
夏天她当过救生员。
3.“since+时间点”表示“（自过去某时延续至今的）一段时间”，常与现在完成时或现在完成进行时连用
The factory has been here since the 1970s.
这家工厂从20世纪70年代起就在这里了。
for、during和since的用法
until的用法
until 用于肯定句中，意为“直到·····为止”，其前的谓语动词多用延续性动词；用于否定句中，意为“直到·····才”，其前的谓语动词多用非延续性动词。
例 I didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock.直到10点我才上床睡觉。
在否定句中多与非延续性动词连用
例He is allowed to stay up until 11:00 p.m.他被允许晚上熬夜到11点。
真题讲解
1-5BCABA
1．The boy was born ________ 2014.
A．at B．in C．by D．on
2．We’re glad to see that Shenzhou-14 rose into the sky ________ June 5, 2022.
A．in B．at C．on D．to
3．We have history class ________ three o’clock every Friday afternoon.
A．at B．on C．in D．to
4．Welcome to our hotel! I hope you’ll have a good time ________ staying here.
A．after B．during C．with D．in
5．—How long have your parents lived abroad
—________ 2006.
A．Since B．While C．Until D．Before
数词专练
6-10 DBDCB
6．There is going to be an English movie in our school __________ the evening of June 30.
A．at B．in C．for D．on
7．—Hi, Helen. When were you born
—I was born________ January, 2006. I’m 13 years old.
A．on B．in C．at D．for
8．I usually go to bed ________ ten o’clock every night so that I can get up early the next day.
A．to B．on C．in D．at
9．Our school will hold the sports meeting __________ two months.
A．since B．for C．in D．on
10．The old man has lived here _________ ten years ago.
A．for B．since C．at D．in
表示地点方位介词
in、on与at
1.in 表示“在·····里”；表示“在·····上”时，暗示占去了某物的一部分；表示地点时，多指较大的地方。
He lives in Shanghai.他住在上海。
2.on 意为“在·····之上”，表示与物体的表面有接触。
The English book is on the desk.英语书在桌子上。
3.at 表示地点时，多指较小的地方或某一点的具体位置。
We live at No.87 Beijing Road.我们住在北京路87号。
above、over、under与below
1.above 指离开物体表面而在其上方，但不一定是正上方，反义词是below.
The bird is flying above my head.
那只鸟在我头顶上飞。
I could hear voices in the courtyard below my window.
我听到窗户下面的院子里有人在说话。
2.over 指垂直的上方，与under相对。over与物体有一定的空间，不直接接触。还可表示一物被另一物覆盖
The bridge over the river has a long history.
河上的这座桥历史悠久。
Write your name under your picture.
在你的照片下面写上名字。
across、through与past
1.across 表示从表面通过，动作是在某一物体的表面进行的。
Tom is swimming across the river.汤姆正游过那条河。
2.through 表示从某一空间内穿过，强调动作在某一物体的内部进行。
She smiled at him as he walked through the door.
他从门口进来时，她朝他笑了笑。
3.past 强调从某一物体的一旁经过。
She waved as she drove past.她开车经过的时候挥了挥手。
between与among
1.between 用于两者之间或者多者以上的两两之间，常用于结构“between...and...”。
I sat down between Sarah and Jane.我在萨拉和简之间坐了下来。
2.among 用于三者或三者以上之间。
She was the eldest among them.她是他们当中年纪最大的。
真题讲解
11-15BCCAB
11．Look! The fish is swimming fast ________ the river.
A．at B．in C．of D．by
12．—A model plane is ________ the tree. Let’s get it down.
—Look! The apples ________ the tree are really red.
A．in; in B．on; in C．in; on
13．The woman stood ________ the window, watching the girls dancing outside.
A．with B．on C．by
14．—Excuse me, could you please tell me where the nearest restroom is
—Go ________ the hallway and turn left, it’s across ________ the teachers’ office.
A．along; from B．to; of C．down; to
15．—Look at the photo! Can you see me
—So many kids! It’s not easy to find you out ________ them.
A．between B．among C．beside
专练
16-20 ACBCB
16．Mike is living _____________ Beijing with his parents now.
A．in B．on C．at D．to
17．A large crowd of people _________ waiting _________ the bus stop.
A．are; for B．is; for C．are; at D．is; at
18．Look. There is a boat ________ the bridge.
A．behind B．below C．in D．between
19．Shanghai lies _________ the east of China and ________ the northeast of Guangdong.
A．in; in B．to; to C．in; to D．to; on
20．They will build a new railroad ________the two cities.
A．since B．between C．as D．during
其他常考介词
一、表示方式的by, with和in的用法
1.by 表“以·····方法／手段”或“乘坐·····交通工具”。
She earns her living by selling cars.她以卖车为生。
2.with 表示“用·····工具／手段”，一般接具体的工具或手段。
He signed his name with a pen on the paper.他用钢笔在文件上签了字。
3.in 表示用某种材料或语言、声音等。
What’s this in English 这个用英语怎么说？
二、for的用法
1.表示对象或用途，意为“给，对”
It’s a book for children.这是一本儿童读物。
2.表示目的，意为“为了，供”。
I’ve bought him a watch for his birthday.我给他买了一块手表当作生日礼物。
3.表示去向，意为“往，向”。
Is this the bus for Chicago 这辆公共汽车是去芝加哥的吗？
真题讲解
21-25ABDAB
21．Amy wants to be a good learner ________ practicing more.
A．by B．for C．on D．with
22．—What do you usually have ________ breakfast —Hainan noodles.
A．with B．for C．by
23．We need to guard ________ any possible danger around us.
A．for B．over C．with D．against
24．My mother often tells me it’s impolite to hit an empty bowl _______ chopsticks.
A．in B．on C．with
25．—Ms. Huang, what would you like ________ your afternoon tea
—Just a cup of coffee ________ any sugar or milk.
A．for, without B．to; without C．for, with D．to; with
专练
26-30 BBCAB
26．I improve my English __________ listening to VOA. It's very useful.
A．on B．by C．with D．for
27．Our country is trying to fight ________ the blue sky and clean water.
A．with B．for C．as D．against
28．—Daisy, go and see what’s happening to the windows.
—Nothing serious. The heavy rain is beating ________ them.
A．through B．across C．against D．above
29．We need to finish writing a book review__________ English this weekend.
A．in B．at C．off D．by
30．Jane listened to her grandmother’s story ________ a happy expression.
A．by B．with C．in D．about
介词常考搭配
介词与名词搭配
the way to...去往······的路 in trouble 处于困境 in style流行，时髦
in order 有序地 at the top of...在······的顶部 at the end of...在······结尾
in the middle of...在······中间 in (the) front of...在······前面 at the age of...在······岁时
in the end 最后 at the moment 此刻 with the light on 开着灯
on show展出 on duty 值班 on business 出差
on the phone 通过电话 by the time...到······时候为止 thanks to 由于，幸亏
with the help of...在······的帮助下 thanks for 感谢 to one’s surprise令某人吃惊的是
on time 按时 on a/an...team 参加······队 in time 及时
in general 通常，大体上 for example 例如 in fact 事实上
as a result结果 ......
介词与动词搭配
ask sb. for...向某人要······ die of/from死于 do well in/be good at 擅长于
fall off 摔下 get away 离开 give in 屈服
help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事 hear from...收到······的来信 learn about 了解
laugh at 嘲笑 pass away 去世 spend...on sth.在某物上花费······
talk about sth.谈论某事 take after 长得像 turn to...向······求助
wait for等待 ......
介词与形容词搭配
be late for 迟到 be proud of...为······自豪 be popular with...受·····欢迎
be thirsty for...对······渴望 be worried about...为······担忧 be full of/be filled with 充满
be famous for...因······而闻名 be good/bad for...对······有益／有害 be helpful to...对······有帮助
be harmful to...对······有害 be mad at... 对······非常愤怒 be interested in...对······感兴趣
be well-known to...被······熟知 be excited about...对······感到兴奋 be afraid of...害怕······
be friendly to sb.对某人友好 be angry with...对······生气 be sorry for...对······难过
be strict with sb.对某人要求严格 be strict in sth.对某事要求严格 ......
他介词短语搭配
up to直到，多达 as for关于，至于 ahead of...在······之前
along with 随着 after all 毕竟，终究 because of 因为
instead of而不是 together with...和······一起 best of all 最好的
according to 根据 ......
真题讲解
31-35CABDA
31．Will Alice take charge _______ the coming painting exhibition
A．for B．with C．of D．from
32．We are proud that China has successfully sent astronauts __________ space several times.
A．into B．over C．above D．onto
33．Harbin is famous ________ ice and snow. It’s well worth visiting in winter.
A．as B．for C．to
34．I have no money on me because I often pay ________ things through WeChat (微信).
A．to B．of C．by D．for
35．—Why are you so excited
—All of us take pride ________ the successful coming back of the Shenzhou-13.
A．in B．on C．at
专练
36-40 DDCCC
36．—Peter, you can’t read in bed. It’s not good ________ your eyes.
—OK, Dad.
A．in B．by C．on D．for
37．My sister is clever, she could read and write __________ the age of 4.
A．in B．on C．of D．at
38．The twins are similar ________ appearance but different ________ personality.
A．in; to B．with; in C．to; with D．to; from
39．In order to get ________ the difficult times, it is of great importance for countries all over the world to work closely together.
A．beyond B．across C．through D．against
40．—What’s in the box It’s so heavy.
—It’s full ________ books.
A．with B．to C．of D．in
课堂检测
课堂检测
41-55AAACB
41．World Book Day is ________ April 23 every year.
A．on B．in C．at D．by
42．The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. Xiaoman(a little full) usually falls _______ May.
A．in B．at C．on D．to
43．Su Yiming got his gold medal of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics ________ the afternoon of February 15th.
A．on B．in C．at D．for
44．Now students have more free time ________ night because of the “double reduction” policy.
A．in B．on C．at D．to
45．Vincent sometimes sits ________ the river and listens to music.
A．on B．by C．over D．under
谢谢
thank you