高考模拟真题强化练习
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25高三下·湖北荆州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You cannot judge a book by looking at its cover, and neither can you judge a good class teacher by looking at her degree. That’s 1 a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out this semester.
When they came to school in September, the students 2 (shock) to learn that their class teacher was a P.E. teacher. How could a teacher 3 brain was just a big muscle help them improve their studies Their parents were equally horrified and pressured the school 4 (replace) “Miss Muscle” with a “Miss Brain.” However, after three months, “Miss Muscle” has turned out to be a wonderful class teacher, who keeps her students 5 (motivate) in their studies and involved in school activities.
The initial negative reaction against “Miss Muscle” is 6 example of bias. We are all biased in one way 7 another. We get them from our upbringing, the media and even our education, but 8 a little effort, we can overcome our prejudice . In the case above, the parents and students let their bias about P.E. teachers cloud their 9 (judge) at first. Fortunately, they 10 (manage) to correct their bias and now have a pretty extraordinary class teacher.
（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has made sustained efforts to battle against desertification over the years. From encouraging public participation to adopting policy measures, the country 1 (take) effective and practical steps to control desertification, 2 (transform) poor soil into forests and grasslands.
China appointed March 12 as National Tree Planting Day in 1979, and Chinese citizens 3 (voluntary) planted approximately 78.1 billion trees between 1982 and2021 across the vast country. The government has also launched various greening projects, targeting areas 4 deserts have threatened the local ecological environment and narrowed people’s living space.
The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP), 5 large-scale afforestation project, is a good example. Launched in 1978 and scheduled 6 (complete) in 2050, it has effectively limited the 7 (expand) of desertification and become a “green Great Wall” preventing sandstorms. The project has been acknowledged 8 a successful example of global ecological governance.
In addition, China has actively conducted 9 (exchange) and cooperation with Belt and Road countries, and has established an international knowledge management center for desertification prevention and control. Moving forward, the world’s second-largest economy remains 10 (determine) to carve out an eco-friendly path for global green development.
（2024·重庆·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Just like in the West at Christmas time, as Chinese New Year approaches, homes, businesses, shopping centers, offices, shops, airports and train stations 1 (dress) in their holiday best. A sea of red and gold, bright lanterns and auspicious (吉祥的) plants and flowers are the hallmarks of the season, indicating the 2 (arrive) of the largest and most important festival of the year.
These are some of the traditional decorations used during the season 3 also carry some symbolic meanings.
BRIGHT RED LANTERNS: They are perhaps the most popular way 4 (add) that spark to the celebrations. You find them popping up everywhere around town, the temples, the stores, homes, parks... Chinese lanterns come 5 all sorts of shapes, sizes and colors, although for Chinese New Year, the traditional red and gold balloon lantern is one of the most popular ones. The red Chinese Lantern has become 6 symbol of Chinese culture. To Chinese, it represents vitality and prosperity, and you see them hanging year-round in Chinatowns around the world.
CHINESE KNOTS: Chinese Knots are put up during the holidays or given as good-luck charms to your loved ones. They protect people from evil spirits and particularly the “ 7 (end) knots” are a sign of an “eternal” life or longevity.
ANCIENT CHINESE COINS: Coins are of course associated with wealth and prosperity. 8 (traditional), you will see the ancient coin with the square hole in the middle used as decorative 9 (object). Also popular are charms with three coins 10 (tie) with red string for good luck.
（24-25高三上·安徽六安·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People of the ethnic Wa group living in Ximeng Wa Autonomous County of Yunnan welcomed 1 (they) annual wooden drum festival on April 10, 2023. In the past, it could 2 (celebrate) anytime after the dry rice was harvested. But since 2002, the date 3 (fall) from April 10 to 12 to create a more festive atmosphere to better promote Wa culture.
During the three days, the village head usually selects the best tree trunk to make the wooden drum 4 holds a sacrificial ritual (祭祀仪式) around the chosen tree. On the following day, villagers 5 (wear) festive clothes pull the timber (木材) back to the village. With the carpenter carving the drum from the trunk, all the other people sing and dance together, 6 is also seen as a good opportunity for them to make new friends.
The wooden drum is considered a divine (神圣的) object through which they can have direct communication with their gods. In the past, it was 7 (wide) used as a ritual object. Nowadays it serves as an instrument. Dancing 8 the beat of the drum allows them 9 (express) their wishes for a happy life and a rich harvest.
To promote their unique culture, various activities are staged in some of their villages to highlight their handicrafts, religion and popular 10 (form) of entertainment.
（24-25高三上·云南红河·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Making water on the moon using lunar soil is a topic that attracts many scientists. The water content of the lunar soil is extremely low, ranging 1 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent. This makes extracting the water right there on the moon very difficult — but not 2 (possible).
In the lunar soil samples 343 (bring) back by the Chang’e 5 lunar probe in 2020, Chinese scientists found large 3 (amount) of hydrogen as a result of billions of years of 4 (expose) to solar winds. When subjected to high temperatures, the hydrogen reacts with the soil, generating elemental iron (单质铁) along with water. If the temperature goes above 1,000℃, the. soil will break down, 5 (release) the water as collectible vapor.
Through this method, “I ton of lunar soil can produce more than 50 kilograms of water, 6 is enough for 50 people to drink for one day.” Wang Junqiang, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told China Daily. According to 7 (he), the finding lays a foundation for China to proceed with its plan to build 8 international lunar research station. In 2035, a station with basic functions 350 (construct) near the moon’s south pole.
（2025·宁夏内蒙古·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 1 (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2 (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 3 the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 4 (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 5 (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6 the world to better understand China, but also 7 (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8 (improve) communication and cooperation between China and 9 rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 10 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
（2024·福建宁德·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Calligraphy’s roots can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as China, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It emerged 1 a form of written communication, where skilled artists used their mastery of ink and brushes 2 (create) visually amazing texts. In China, calligraphy was a respected art form 3 (associate) with intellect and spirituality. In medieval (中世纪的) Europe, beautifully written and decorated books 4 (see) as important parts of culture and religion. Through the ages, calligraphy developed across different cultures, each 5 (maintain) a unique style and set of techniques.
The advent (到来) of the printing press in the 15th century marked a turning point for calligraphy. With the mass production of printed materials, the demand for handwritten texts reduced. The 6 (industry) revolution further sped up this decline, as people accepted modern, mechanical means of communication.
While calligraphy experienced a decline, it never 7 (complete) disappeared. Passionate individuals, calligraphers, and academics kept studying and teaching it, so it lived on. However, it wasn’t until the latter half of the 20th century 8 calligraphy truly began to experience a revival.
One of the significant 9 (driver) of the revival was the desire for a return to handmade and authentic art forms. In a world filled with mass-produced goods and digital communication, people sought a way to reconnect with the personal aspects of art. Calligraphy provided 10 approach for this reconnection.
（24-25高三上·山东青岛·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged as a sustainable response 1 the challenge of creating green space in cities. This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers 2 (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and adding 3 touch of nature to urban environments.
Rooftop farming, also 4 (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend it’s a step, towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation provide help 5 (absorb) sunlight and release moisture, cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, which in turn lessens energy 6 (consume) and carbon emission . Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, 7 (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of locally sourced food.
As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement 8 promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce . When we look towards a future 9 environmental consciousness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament to our ability to cultivate more than just food — we cultivate hope for a 10 ( green) and more sustainable world.
重难语篇拔高练
（24-25高三下·甘肃白银·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As Chinese scientists analyzed the soil samples that their lunar probe brought back from the moon, they realized something groundbreaking: There was water 1 (discover) along with minerals in the soil.
Finding water on the moon is, on its own, nothing new. NASA and Indian spacecraft have spotted 2 they believe to be water on the moon’s surface. But this latest discovery, scientists say, is the first time water in its molecular form, H2O, 3 (find) in physical samples — and, 4 (important), it was retrieved from a part of the moon 5 they’d previously thought water in that form couldn’t exist.
Researchers closely inspected samples collected by China’s Chang’e-5 probe, which landed on the lunar surface in 2020, 6 found a “prismatic, plate-like transparent crystal” — roughly the 7 (wide) of a human hair — that was in fact an “unknown lunar mineral” dubbed ULM-1, according to the study, which was published on July 16 in the journal Nature Astronomy. The ULM-1 crystal is made up of roughly 41% water, with bits of ammonia that keep H2O molecules stable 8 wild temperature swings on the moon.
This type of water could be a potential “resource for lunar habitation”, the scientists wrote in their study. “The discovery of a hydrated mineral at the Chang’e-5 landing site is 9 (fascinate) and will 10 (far) enhance our understanding of rock-vapor reactions in the lunar crust and on the lunar surface,” said David A．Kring, principal scientist at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Texas, who was not involved in the study.高考模拟真题强化练习
基础语篇巩固练
（24-25高三下·湖北荆州·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You cannot judge a book by looking at its cover, and neither can you judge a good class teacher by looking at her degree. That’s 1 a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out this semester.
When they came to school in September, the students 2 (shock) to learn that their class teacher was a P.E. teacher. How could a teacher 3 brain was just a big muscle help them improve their studies Their parents were equally horrified and pressured the school 4 (replace) “Miss Muscle” with a “Miss Brain.” However, after three months, “Miss Muscle” has turned out to be a wonderful class teacher, who keeps her students 5 (motivate) in their studies and involved in school activities.
The initial negative reaction against “Miss Muscle” is 6 example of bias. We are all biased in one way 7 another. We get them from our upbringing, the media and even our education, but 8 a little effort, we can overcome our prejudice . In the case above, the parents and students let their bias about P.E. teachers cloud their 9 (judge) at first. Fortunately, they 10 (manage) to correct their bias and now have a pretty extraordinary class teacher.
【答案】
1．what 2．were shocked 3．whose 4．to replace 5．motivated 6．an 7．or 8．with 9．judgement/judgment 10．managed
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过讲述杭州一所学校中家长和学生对体育老师作为班主任的初始偏见及后续的转变，探讨了偏见的问题，并强调了不应以偏概全，应该以实际表现来评价一个人。
1．考查表语从句。句意：这就是杭州一群家长和学生本学期所发现的。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且指代的是“家长和学生们本学期所发现的事情”，因此用连接代词what引导。故填what。
2．考查动词时态语态。句意：当他们九月回到学校时，学生们惊讶地发现他们的班主任竟然是一名体育老师。空处作谓语，根据“came”可知，使用一般过去时，主语the students和shock为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为复数名词，be动词用were。故填were shocked。
3．考查定语从句。句意：一个满脑子都是肌肉的老师怎么能帮助他们提高学习成绩呢？空处引导定语从句，先行词是teacher，且从句中缺少定语来修饰brain，表示“老师的脑子”，因此用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们的父母同样感到震惊，并向学校施压，要求用一位“智慧小姐”来取代这位“肌肉小姐”。pressure sb. to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“迫使某人做某事”，因此用动词不定式to replace作宾语补足语。故填to replace。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，三个月过后，这位“肌肉小姐”证明了自己是一位出色的班主任，她让学生们在学习上保持动力，并积极参与学校活动。此处是“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，motivate和students之间是动宾关系，使用过去分词作宾补。故填motivated。
6．考查冠词。句意：对“肌肉小姐”最初的负面反应是偏见的一个例子。example是可数名词单数，且在此处表示泛指“一个例子”，且example以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
7．考查连词。句意：我们每个人或多或少都有偏见。in one way or another是固定搭配，表示“以这样或那样的方式”，因此用连词or连接两个并列的方式。故填or。
8．考查介词。句意：这些偏见来源于我们的成长环境、媒体甚至我们的教育，但只要我们稍微努力一下，就能克服这些偏见。with a little effort是介词短语作状语，表示“稍微努力一下”，其中with表示“凭借、用”。故填with。
9．考查名词。句意：在上述案例中，家长和学生们最初让对体育老师的偏见影响了他们的判断。cloud是动词，后面接名词作宾语，judge的名词形式是judgement或judgment（两者均可），表示“判断”。故填judgement或judgment。
10．考查动词时态。句意：幸运的是，他们最终克服了这种偏见，现在拥有了一位非常出色的班主任。根据时间状语at first可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，因此用一般过去时managed。故填managed。
（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has made sustained efforts to battle against desertification over the years. From encouraging public participation to adopting policy measures, the country 1 (take) effective and practical steps to control desertification, 2 (transform) poor soil into forests and grasslands.
China appointed March 12 as National Tree Planting Day in 1979, and Chinese citizens 3 (voluntary) planted approximately 78.1 billion trees between 1982 and2021 across the vast country. The government has also launched various greening projects, targeting areas 4 deserts have threatened the local ecological environment and narrowed people’s living space.
The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (TSFP), 5 large-scale afforestation project, is a good example. Launched in 1978 and scheduled 6 (complete) in 2050, it has effectively limited the 7 (expand) of desertification and become a “green Great Wall” preventing sandstorms. The project has been acknowledged 8 a successful example of global ecological governance.
In addition, China has actively conducted 9 (exchange) and cooperation with Belt and Road countries, and has established an international knowledge management center for desertification prevention and control. Moving forward, the world’s second-largest economy remains 10 (determine) to carve out an eco-friendly path for global green development.
【答案】
1．has taken 2．transforming 3．voluntarily 4．where 5．a 6．to be completed 7．expansion 8．as 9．exchanges 10．determined
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国为防治荒漠化所采取的持续努力和有效措施。
1．考查时态。句意：从鼓励公众参与到采取政策措施，中国已经采取了有效和实际的措施来控制荒漠化，将贫瘠的土壤变成森林和草原。take steps“采取措施”，作谓语；此处描述的是过去的动作对现在产生的影响，时态应用现在完成时，主语the country为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has taken。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句谓语为has taken，所以此处应用非谓语动词形式。而transform“转变”与其逻辑主语the country之间为主动关系，所以应用现在分词，作状语。故填transforming。
3．考查副词。句意：中国在1979年指定3月12日为全国植树节，1982年至2021年间，中国公民在全国自愿种植了约781亿棵树。本空修饰动词planted，应用副词形式voluntarily“自愿地”，作状语。故填voluntarily。
4．考查定语从句。句意：政府还启动了各种绿化项目，针对的是沙漠已经威胁到当地生态环境并缩小了人们居住空间的地区。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是targeting areas，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
5．考查冠词。句意：“三北防护林工程”是一项大规模的植树造林项目，是一个很好的例子。此处泛指“一项大规模的造林项目”，且large-scale以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目于1978年启动，计划于2050年完成，它有效地限制了荒漠化的蔓延，并成为防止沙尘暴的“绿色长城”。本句谓语为has limited，此处为非谓语动词，schedule to do sth.意为“计划做某事”，且it指代The Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program，与complete“完成”为被动关系，本空用不定时的被动形式。故填to be completed。
7．考查名词。句意同上。本空作limited的宾语，所以此处应用名词expansion“扩张，蔓延”。故填expansion。
8．考查介词。句意：该项目已被公认为全球生态治理的一个成功范例。acknowledge sth. as...意为“公认……为……”，本空用介词as，符合题意。故填as。
9．考查名词。句意：此外，中国还与“一带一路”国家积极开展交流与合作，并建立了荒漠化防治国际知识管理中心。本空作conducted的宾语，所以此处应用名词exchange“交流”，不止一项交流，本空用其复数形式。故填exchanges。
10．考查形容词。句意：展望未来，世界第二大经济体仍决心为全球绿色发展开辟一条生态友好的道路。remains为系动词，其后应接形容词作表语，所以此处应用形容词determined，表示“有决心的”，作表语。故填determined。
（2024·重庆·一模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Just like in the West at Christmas time, as Chinese New Year approaches, homes, businesses, shopping centers, offices, shops, airports and train stations 1 (dress) in their holiday best. A sea of red and gold, bright lanterns and auspicious (吉祥的) plants and flowers are the hallmarks of the season, indicating the 2 (arrive) of the largest and most important festival of the year.
These are some of the traditional decorations used during the season 3 also carry some symbolic meanings.
BRIGHT RED LANTERNS: They are perhaps the most popular way 4 (add) that spark to the celebrations. You find them popping up everywhere around town, the temples, the stores, homes, parks... Chinese lanterns come 5 all sorts of shapes, sizes and colors, although for Chinese New Year, the traditional red and gold balloon lantern is one of the most popular ones. The red Chinese Lantern has become 6 symbol of Chinese culture. To Chinese, it represents vitality and prosperity, and you see them hanging year-round in Chinatowns around the world.
CHINESE KNOTS: Chinese Knots are put up during the holidays or given as good-luck charms to your loved ones. They protect people from evil spirits and particularly the “ 7 (end) knots” are a sign of an “eternal” life or longevity.
ANCIENT CHINESE COINS: Coins are of course associated with wealth and prosperity. 8 (traditional), you will see the ancient coin with the square hole in the middle used as decorative 9 (object). Also popular are charms with three coins 10 (tie) with red string for good luck.
【答案】
1．are dressed 2．arrival 3．which/that 4．to add 5．in 6．a 7．endless 8．Traditionally 9．objects 10．tied
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲的是中国新年的一些传统装饰及其象征意义。
1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：就像西方的圣诞节一样，随着中国新年的临近，家庭、企业、购物中心、办公室、商店、机场和火车站都盛装打扮。空处应填谓语动词，动词dress意为“给……穿上衣服”，与主语homes, businesses, shopping centers, offices, shops, airports and train stations之间为被动关系，且此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are dressed。
2．考查名词。句意：一片红色和金色的海洋，明亮的灯笼和吉祥的植物和花朵是这个季节的标志，预示着一年中最大、最重要的节日的到来。由句意及空前的indicating the及空后的of可知应填名词形式arrival，作宾语。故填arrival。
3．考查定语从句。句意：这些是这个季节使用的一些传统装饰，也带有一些象征意义。此处引导定语从句，先行词为decorations，指物，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that/which。故填that/which。
4．考查不定式。句意：它们可能是最受欢迎的为庆祝活动增添火花的方式。the way to do…意为“做某事的方式”，不定式作后置定语。故填to add。
5．考查介词。句意：你会发现它们在镇上到处出现，寺庙、商店、住宅、公园……中国的灯笼有各种各样的形状、大小和颜色，尽管对于中国新年来说，传统的红金色气球灯笼是最受欢迎的灯笼之一。由句意及空后的all sorts of可知应填介词in，in all sorts of意为“各种各样的”。故填in。
6．考查冠词。句意：红灯笼已成为中国文化的象征。a symbol of…意为“……的象征”。故填a。
7．考查形容词。句意：它们保护人们不受恶鬼的伤害，特别是“无尽的结”是“永恒”生命或长寿的标志。由句意及空后的knots” are a sign of an “eternal” life or longevity.可知应填形容词形式endless(无穷尽的)，作定语，修饰名词knots。故填endless。
8．考查副词。句意：传统上，你会看到中间有方孔的古钱币被用作装饰品。由句意，空处应填副词traditionally，作状语，修饰整个句子，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Traditionally。
9．考查名词复数。句意：传统上，你会看到中间有方孔的古钱币被用作装饰品。object为可数名词且其前面没有表示数量的限定词修饰，所以应填复数形式objects，作宾语。故填objects。
10．考查过去分词。句意：同样受欢迎的还有用红绳子绑着三个硬币的护身符，寓意好运。此处为with复合结构，名词coins与动词tie之间为被动关系，应用过去分词表示被动。故填tied。
（24-25高三上·安徽六安·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
People of the ethnic Wa group living in Ximeng Wa Autonomous County of Yunnan welcomed 1 (they) annual wooden drum festival on April 10, 2023. In the past, it could 2 (celebrate) anytime after the dry rice was harvested. But since 2002, the date 3 (fall) from April 10 to 12 to create a more festive atmosphere to better promote Wa culture.
During the three days, the village head usually selects the best tree trunk to make the wooden drum 4 holds a sacrificial ritual (祭祀仪式) around the chosen tree. On the following day, villagers 5 (wear) festive clothes pull the timber (木材) back to the village. With the carpenter carving the drum from the trunk, all the other people sing and dance together, 6 is also seen as a good opportunity for them to make new friends.
The wooden drum is considered a divine (神圣的) object through which they can have direct communication with their gods. In the past, it was 7 (wide) used as a ritual object. Nowadays it serves as an instrument. Dancing 8 the beat of the drum allows them 9 (express) their wishes for a happy life and a rich harvest.
To promote their unique culture, various activities are staged in some of their villages to highlight their handicrafts, religion and popular 10 (form) of entertainment.
【答案】
1．their 2．be celebrated 3．has fallen 4．and 5．wearing 6．which 7．widely 8．to 9．to express 10．forms
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了云南西盟佤族自治县佤族人民的木鼓节以及相关习俗。
1．考查代词。句意：2023年4月10日，云南西盟佤族自治县佤族人民迎来了一年一度的木鼓节。由空后annual wooden drum festival为名词可知，此处为形容词性物主代词作定语修饰该名词。故填their。
2．考查动词语态。句意：在过去，人们可以在稻谷收割后的任何时间庆祝。此处为谓语动词的填入，主语it指代空前的annual wooden drum festival，it和celebrate为被动关系，再结合空前的could情态动词可知，此处为be done形式。故填be celebrated。
3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：但自2002年以来，为了营造更喜庆的气氛，更好地推广佤族文化，节日日期从4月10日到12日。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据时间状语since 2002可知，此处为现在完成时，主语the date为第三人称单数，所以为动词三单形式。故填has fallen。
4．考查连词。句意：在这三天里，村长通常会挑选最好的树干制作木鼓，并围绕所选的树举行祭祀仪式。根据句意可知，此处为and连接前后两个动词selects和holds，保持并列关系。故填and。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：第二天，村民们穿着节日服装将木材拉回村庄。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰villagers，villagers和wear为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填wearing。
6．考查定语从句。句意：随着木匠从树干上雕刻鼓，所有其他人一起唱歌跳舞，这也被视为他们结交新朋友的好机会。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词which引导的非限制性定语，先行词为前面整句话在从句中作主语成分。故填which。
7．考查副词。句意：在过去，它被广泛用作仪式对象。由副词修饰动词可知，此处为副词widely作状语修饰动词was used。故填widely。
8．考查固定短语。句意：随着鼓点的节拍跳舞可以表达他们对幸福生活和丰收的愿望。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语dance to意为“随着……跳舞”。故填to。
9．考查动词不定式。句意：随着鼓点的节拍跳舞可以表达他们对幸福生活和丰收的愿望。此处为动词短语allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to express。
10．考查名词复数形式。句意：为了推广他们独特的文化，一些村庄举办了各种活动，以突出他们的手工艺品、宗教和流行的娱乐形式。form意为“形式”为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处为名词复数形式。故填forms。
（24-25高三上·云南红河·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Making water on the moon using lunar soil is a topic that attracts many scientists. The water content of the lunar soil is extremely low, ranging 1 0.0001 percent to 0.02 percent. This makes extracting the water right there on the moon very difficult — but not 2 (possible).
In the lunar soil samples 343 (bring) back by the Chang’e 5 lunar probe in 2020, Chinese scientists found large 3 (amount) of hydrogen as a result of billions of years of 4 (expose) to solar winds. When subjected to high temperatures, the hydrogen reacts with the soil, generating elemental iron (单质铁) along with water. If the temperature goes above 1,000℃, the. soil will break down, 5 (release) the water as collectible vapor.
Through this method, “I ton of lunar soil can produce more than 50 kilograms of water, 6 is enough for 50 people to drink for one day.” Wang Junqiang, a professor at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, told China Daily. According to 7 (he), the finding lays a foundation for China to proceed with its plan to build 8 international lunar research station. In 2035, a station with basic functions 350 (construct) near the moon’s south pole.
【答案】
1．from 2．impossible 3．brought 4．amounts 5．exposure 6．releasing 7．which 8．him 9．an 10．will be constructed
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国科学家利用月壤探索在月球上获取水的方法。
1．考查介词。句意：月球土壤的水分含量极低，范围在0.0001%到0.02%之间。根据空前ranging和空后to可知，range from...to...为固定搭配，意为“从……到……变化”。故填from。
2．考查形容词。句意：这使得在月球上就地提取水变得非常困难，但并非不可能。根据空前very difficult和but可知，此处需用其反义词，possible的反义词为impossible，意为“不可能的”。故填impossible。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在嫦娥五号月球探测器于2020年带回的月球土壤样本中，中国科学家发现了大量的氢，这是数十亿年暴露于太阳风的结果。根据空后found可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词bring与逻辑主语lunar soil samples构成被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填brought。
4．考查名词。句意：在嫦娥五号月球探测器于2020年带回的月球土壤样本中，中国科学家发现了大量的氢，这是数十亿年暴露于太阳风的结果。根据空前large可知，amount为可数名词，应用复数形式，构成固定短语large amounts of，意为“大量的”。故填amounts。
5．考查名词。句意：在嫦娥五号月球探测器于2020年带回的月球土壤样本中，中国科学家发现了大量的氢，这是数十亿年暴露于太阳风的结果。根据空前of可知，空处应用名词形式，作宾语，动词expose的名词为exposure。故填exposure。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果温度超过1000℃，土壤将分解，释放出可收集的水蒸气。根据空前will break可知，空处应用非谓语动词形式，动词release与逻辑主语soil构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填releasing。
7．考查定语从句。句意：通过这种方法，“一吨月球土壤可以产生50多公斤的水，这足够50人喝一天。”中国科学院教授Wang Junqiang告诉《中国日报》。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰water，在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导。故填which。
8．考查代词。句意：据他介绍，这一发现为中国继续实施建设国际月球研究站的计划奠定了基础。根据空前According to可知，空处应用宾格形式him，作宾语，且指代Wang Junqiang。故填him。
9．考查冠词。句意：据他介绍，这一发现为中国继续实施建设国际月球研究站的计划奠定了基础。根据空后international lunar research station可知，station为可数名词，此处表泛指，且international发音以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
10．考查时态语态。句意：2035年，一个具备基本功能的研究站将在月球南极附近建成。根据空前In 2035可知，应用一般将来时，且动词construct与逻辑主语a station构成被动关系，故用一般将来时的被动语态。故填will be constructed。
（2025·宁夏内蒙古·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In 2010, the UN Department of Global Communications instituted language days for each of the organization’s six official languages. The goal was two-fold: 1 (celebrate) cultural diversity as well as to promote the equal use of all six 2 (tongue).
Language is the carrier of communication, the bridge of interaction between nations, 3 the bond of understanding among civilizations. At the same time, a language and its individual 4 (write) forms make up the “soul” of a national tradition. Every language is worthy of respect and should 5 (treat) equally.
The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 6 the world to better understand China, but also 7 (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
Today, more than 70 countries have included the Chinese language in their education systems. Chinese plays an increasingly important role in 8 (improve) communication and cooperation between China and 9 rest of the world. As more and more foreigners start to study the Chinese language and experience Chinese culture, the world will have a better understanding of China and its rich history, its hard-working people, its development through 10 (innovate), and its inclusiveness. China, on its part, will also embrace (拥抱) the world with greater openness and make new contributions to the international community.
【答案】
1．to celebrate 2．tongues 3．and 4．written 5．be treated 6．for 7．promotes 8．improving 9．the 10．innovation
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了联合国设立语言日的目的及中文日的意义。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。本句谓语为was，此处为非谓语动词，应用celebrate“庆祝”的不定式，作目的状语，与to promote并列。故填to celebrate。
2．考查名词的数。句意：目的是双重的：庆祝文化多样性，并促进所有六种语言的平等使用。tongue“语言”为可数名词，由six修饰，应用复数形式。故填tongues。
3．考查连词。句意：语言是沟通的载体，是国家间互动的桥梁，是文明间理解的纽带。the carrier of communication、the bridge of interaction between nations和the bond of understanding among civilizations为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。
4．考查形容词。句意：语言和它的书写形式组成了民族传统的“灵魂”。本空修饰名词forms，需用形容词written“书写的”，作前置定语。故填written。
5．考查动词语态。句意：每一种语言都值得尊重，应该平等对待。主语Every language与动词treat“对待”构成被动关系，用be treated表被动，且位于情态动词should后，be用原形。故填be treated。
6．考查介词。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。表示“为某人/某物提供某物”用固定短语provide sth. for sb./sth.，本空用介词for，符合题意。故填for。
7．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数promotes。故填promotes。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。此处作介词in的宾语，应用improve“提高”的动名词形式，作宾语。故填improving。
9．考查冠词。句意：中文在促进中国与世界其他地区的交流与合作方面发挥着越来越重要的作用。the rest of...“……的其余部分”，为固定短语，本空用冠词the，符合题意。故填the。
10．考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的外国人开始学习中文和体验中国文化，世界将更好地了解中国及其丰富的历史、勤劳的人民、通过创新实现的发展以及包容性。此处作介词through的宾语，应用名词innovation“创新”。故填innovation。
（2024·福建宁德·二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Calligraphy’s roots can be traced back to ancient civilizations such as China, Egypt, Greece, and Rome. It emerged 1 a form of written communication, where skilled artists used their mastery of ink and brushes 2 (create) visually amazing texts. In China, calligraphy was a respected art form 3 (associate) with intellect and spirituality. In medieval (中世纪的) Europe, beautifully written and decorated books 4 (see) as important parts of culture and religion. Through the ages, calligraphy developed across different cultures, each 5 (maintain) a unique style and set of techniques.
The advent (到来) of the printing press in the 15th century marked a turning point for calligraphy. With the mass production of printed materials, the demand for handwritten texts reduced. The 6 (industry) revolution further sped up this decline, as people accepted modern, mechanical means of communication.
While calligraphy experienced a decline, it never 7 (complete) disappeared. Passionate individuals, calligraphers, and academics kept studying and teaching it, so it lived on. However, it wasn’t until the latter half of the 20th century 8 calligraphy truly began to experience a revival.
One of the significant 9 (driver) of the revival was the desire for a return to handmade and authentic art forms. In a world filled with mass-produced goods and digital communication, people sought a way to reconnect with the personal aspects of art. Calligraphy provided 10 approach for this reconnection.
【答案】
1．as 2．to create 3．associated 4．were seen 5．maintaining 6．industrial 7．completely 8．that 9．drivers 10．an
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了书法的起源、衰落和复兴。
1．考查介词。句意：它作为一种书面交流形式出现，熟练的艺术家使用他们对墨水和画笔的掌握来创造视觉上令人惊叹的文本。后跟名词作宾语，表示“作为”应用介词as。故填as。
2．考查非谓语动词。它作为一种书面交流形式出现，熟练的艺术家使用他们对墨水和画笔的掌握来创造视觉上令人惊叹的文本。此处为非谓语动词作状语，结合句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to create。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国，书法是一种受人尊敬的与智力和精神有关的艺术形式。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词art form，associate与form构成被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填associated。
4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：在中世纪的欧洲，书写精美、装饰精美的书籍被视为文化和宗教的重要组成部分。此处为谓语动词，books和see之间是被动关系，该句叙述的是发生在过去的事情为一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数意义。故填were seen。
5．考查非谓语动词。随着时间的推移，书法在不同的文化中发展，每种文化都保持着独特的风格和技巧。此空为独立主格结构，且each与maintain为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式。故填maintaining。
6．考查形容词。句意：工业革命进一步加速了这种衰落，因为人们接受了现代的、机械的通信手段。修饰名词revolution应用形容词industrial。故填industrial。
7．考查副词。句意：虽然书法经历了衰落，但它从未完全消失。修饰谓语动词disappeared用副词completely。故填completely。
8．考查强调句。句意：然而，直到20世纪下半叶，书法才真正开始复兴。此处为强调句It wasn’t until … that…表示“直到……时候才……”。故填that。
9．考查名词复数。句意：复兴的重要驱动力之一是渴望回归手工制作和真实的艺术形式。one of +名词复数。故填drivers。
10．考查冠词。句意：书法为这种重新连接提供了一种途径。approach为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以使用冠词，结合句意，此处approach为泛指，且approach以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
（24-25高三上·山东青岛·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In an age of rapidly growing urbanization, rooftop farming has emerged as a sustainable response 1 the challenge of creating green space in cities. This innovative practice transforms rooftops into mini farms, where vegetables, fruits, and even flowers 2 (plant), providing local residents with fresh produce and adding 3 touch of nature to urban environments.
Rooftop farming, also 4 (refer) to as vertical agriculture, is more than just a trend it’s a step, towards environmental conservation. Green roofs with vegetation provide help 5 (absorb) sunlight and release moisture, cooling the air and reducing the demand for air conditioning, which in turn lessens energy 6 (consume) and carbon emission . Meanwhile, rooftop farms serve as educational platforms, 7 (teach) city dwellers about sustainable agriculture practices and the importance of locally sourced food.
As urban populations continue to grow, rooftop farming fosters community engagement 8 promotes healthier lifestyles by providing access to fresh and organic produce . When we look towards a future 9 environmental consciousness and sustainable practices become increasingly vital, rooftop farming stands as a testament to our ability to cultivate more than just food — we cultivate hope for a 10 ( green) and more sustainable world.
【答案】
1．to 2．are planted 3．a 4．referred 5．to absorb 6．consumption 7．teaching 8．and 9．where 10．greener
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了屋顶农场作为一种创新的城市绿化方式，其定义、功能、益处以及对未来可持续发展的意义。
1．考查固定短语。句意：在城市化迅速发展的时代，屋顶农场已成为应对城市中创造绿色空间挑战的一种可持续方式。空处为介词形式，构成固定短语：a response to，意为“对……的应对”，符合句意。故填to。
2．考查谓语动词。句意：这种创新做法将屋顶改造成小型农场，种植蔬菜、水果，甚至花卉，为当地居民提供新鲜农产品，并为城市环境增添了一抹自然色彩。空处为从句谓语动词；根据主句时态可知，从句时态为一般现在时；主语为“vegetables, fruits, and even flowers”，复数，和动词“plant”之间为被动关系。故填are planted。
3．考查冠词。句意：这种创新做法将屋顶改造成小型农场，种植蔬菜、水果，甚至花卉，为当地居民提供新鲜农产品，并为城市环境增添了一抹自然色彩。修饰可数名词单数，表示泛指，用不定冠词a。故填a。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：屋顶农场，也被称为垂直农业，不仅仅是一种潮流，更是向环境保护迈出的一步。空处为非谓语动词担当后置定语；被修饰词“Rooftop farming”和动词短语“refer to”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填referred。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：带有植被的绿色屋顶有助于吸收阳光并释放水分，使空气冷却，并减少对空调的需求，进而降低能源消耗和碳排放。空处为非谓语动词担当目的状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to absorb。
6．考查名词。句意：带有植被的绿色屋顶有助于吸收阳光并释放水分，使空气冷却，并减少对空调的需求，进而降低能源消耗和碳排放。空处为名词形式担当宾语，且为不可数名词。故填consumption。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：同时，屋顶农场还作为教育平台，向城市居民传授可持续农业实践的知识以及本地食品的重要性。空处为非谓语动词担当结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词形式。故填teaching。
8．考查连词。句意：随着城市人口的持续增长，屋顶农场通过提供新鲜有机农产品的途径，促进了社区参与并推动了更健康的生活方式。空处为连词形式，空前“fosters community engagement”和空后“promotes healthier lifestyles by”之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
9．考查定语从句。句意：当我们展望一个未来，其中环境意识和可持续实践变得越来越重要时，屋顶农场见证了我们不仅能够培育食物，更能培育对更绿色、更可持续世界的希望。空处为定语从句的关系词；先行词为“a future”，在定语从句中担当状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
10．考查形容词比较级。句意：当我们展望一个未来，其中环境意识和可持续实践变得越来越重要时，屋顶农场见证了我们不仅能够培育食物，更能培育对更绿色、更可持续世界的希望。根据下文的“more sustainable”可推测，空处为形容词比较级形式。故填greener。
重难语篇拔高练
（24-25高三下·甘肃白银·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As Chinese scientists analyzed the soil samples that their lunar probe brought back from the moon, they realized something groundbreaking: There was water 1 (discover) along with minerals in the soil.
Finding water on the moon is, on its own, nothing new. NASA and Indian spacecraft have spotted 2 they believe to be water on the moon’s surface. But this latest discovery, scientists say, is the first time water in its molecular form, H2O, 3 (find) in physical samples — and, 4 (important), it was retrieved from a part of the moon 5 they’d previously thought water in that form couldn’t exist.
Researchers closely inspected samples collected by China’s Chang’e-5 probe, which landed on the lunar surface in 2020, 6 found a “prismatic, plate-like transparent crystal” — roughly the 7 (wide) of a human hair — that was in fact an “unknown lunar mineral” dubbed ULM-1, according to the study, which was published on July 16 in the journal Nature Astronomy. The ULM-1 crystal is made up of roughly 41% water, with bits of ammonia that keep H2O molecules stable 8 wild temperature swings on the moon.
This type of water could be a potential “resource for lunar habitation”, the scientists wrote in their study. “The discovery of a hydrated mineral at the Chang’e-5 landing site is 9 (fascinate) and will 10 (far) enhance our understanding of rock-vapor reactions in the lunar crust and on the lunar surface,” said David A．Kring, principal scientist at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Texas, who was not involved in the study.
【答案】
1．discovered 2．what 3．has been found 4．importantly 5．where 6．and 7．width 8．despite 9．fascinating 10．further
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了从月球带回的土壤样本中发现了水和矿物质。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：当中国科学家分析月球探测器从月球带回的土壤样本时，他们发现了一些突破性的东西：在土壤中有和矿物质一起的发现水。此处discover与water构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填discovered。
2．考查宾语从句。句意：美国宇航局和印度航天器在月球表面发现了他们认为是水的东西。引导宾语从句，从句缺少，指物故用what引导从句。故填what。
3．考查时态语态。句意：但科学家们说，这一最新发现是首次在物理样本中发现分子形式H2O的水，重要的是，它是从月球上他们以前认为不可能存在这种形式的水的部分提取的。主语water与谓语构成被动关系，且此处为句型be the first time+现在完成时，此处用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been found。
4．考查副词。句意：但科学家们说，这一最新发现是首次在物理样本中发现分子形式H2O的水，重要的是，它是从月球上他们以前认为不可能存在这种形式的水的部分提取的。修饰后文句子应用副词importantly，故填importantly。
5．考查定语从句。句意：但科学家们说，这一最新发现是首次在物理样本中发现分子形式H2O的水，重要的是，它是从月球上他们以前认为不可能存在这种形式的水的部分提取的。定语从句修饰先行词moon，在从句作地点状语，故填where。
6．考查连词。句意：根据7月16日发表在《自然天文学》杂志上的一项研究，研究人员仔细检查了中国嫦娥五号探测器收集的样本，该探测器于2020年降落在月球表面，发现了一种“棱柱状、板状透明晶体”——大约有人类头发的宽度——实际上是一种名为ULM-1的“未知月球矿物”。结合前后文语境可知为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。
7．考查名词。句意：根据7月16日发表在《自然天文学》杂志上的一项研究，研究人员仔细检查了中国嫦娥五号探测器收集的样本，该探测器于2020年降落在月球表面，发现了一种“棱柱状、板状透明晶体”——大约有人类头发的宽度——实际上是一种名为ULM-1的“未知月球矿物”。此处表示“宽度”应用名词width，不可数。故填width。
8．考查介词。句意：ULM-1晶体由大约41%的水组成，尽管月球上的温度波动很大，但少量的氨仍能保持水分子的稳定。表示让步关系，意为“尽管”应用介词despite。故填despite。
9．考查形容词。句意：德克萨斯州月球与行星研究所首席科学家David A. Kring没有参与这项研究，他说：“在嫦娥五号着陆点发现一种水合矿物令人着迷，它将进一步增强我们对月球地壳和月球表面岩石蒸汽反应的理解。”作表语，且主语为discovery，应用形容词fascinating。故填fascinating。
10．考查比较级。句意：德克萨斯州月球与行星研究所首席科学家David A. Kring没有参与这项研究，他说：“在嫦娥五号着陆点发现一种水合矿物令人着迷，它将进一步增强我们对月球地壳和月球表面岩石蒸汽反应的理解。”修饰动词enhance，表示“进一步”应用比较级further。故填further。
