2025年牛津译林版英语中考专题复习课件：专题复习：阅读理解(共36张PPT)

(共36张PPT)
2025年英语中考复习
专题复习：阅读理解
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阅读理解是中考英语的必考题型之一，主要考查学生对整个阅读篇目的理解、判断、信息提取和内容整合的能力。对于本专题的学习，学生需要做到以下几点。
1. 能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；
2. 能理解文章段落之间的逻辑关系；
3. 能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；
4. 能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料；
5. 能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取信息。
核心知识点
贰
考点1 词义猜测：在生词所出现的上下文中，有时会出现与之同义、近义或反义的词语或语句，此时可以通过熟悉的词语以及它们之间的关系来推知生词在文段中的含义。
考点2 主旨大意：有把握文章结构、寻找主题句、注意关键词、理解作者的意图、注意细节信息、排除法解题、略读法、先看问题、寻找关键、注意引号、边读边画等方法
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考点1 词义猜测（必考1—2题） 通关必练
社会文化类（2024·百色）
According to a recent survey by China Youth Daily, more than 76 percent of young people in China said they felt their Chinese language skills have declined. They don’t use rhetorical technique (修辞手法) as often anymore. It is believed that technology and Internet emojis (表情包) have changed their communication habits.
For example, direct expression is a preferred way to communicate online. When one sees something funny, one will simply type “hahaha” or use the “cry-laugh” emoji, Beijing Youth Daily noticed. What’s more, Cai Xiaoxia, a teacher from Fuzhou, told China Youth Daily that words in general are being used less. For example, people can share photos and emojis online with little need for words to describe them.
Also, “copy and paste” culture is getting popular. People simply pick up expressions from the Internet without much thought. Many begin to use a fixed set of sentence patterns, such as “…yyds”.
If this continues, it could influence our way of thinking, People’s Daily believed. When we use expressions without thinking, it means we have become too lazy to express our real feelings. If teenagers are used to using emojis, they could lose the ability to use words properly.
To improve our language skills, experts suggest that we should try to think independently and develop our own language. They also suggest that we should read more works of literature (文学). Keep using different words to show your special feelings, said Shen Xiaolong, a professor in the Chinese department at Fudan University.
（ ）What does the underlined word “declined” in the passage probably mean
A. 变弱 B. 变强 C. 拒绝
A
史地常识类
China has four satellite launch bases（卫星发射基地）. They are Jiuquan in Gansu，Xichang in Sichuan，Taiyuan in Shanxi and Wenchang in Hainan.
Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center which was founded（建立）in 1958 is one of the four famous satellite launch bases in China. The center has created eight proud firsts for China's space industry. On April 21，1970，China's first man-made earth satellite was raised there. The Long March 2F rocket carrying the Shenzhou XII manned spacecraft blasted off（发射）from Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in June，2021.
Xichang Satellite Launch Center，also known as Xichang Satellite City，was founded in1970. After 37 years of development，the center has thousands of sets of excellent equipment（设备）. It is known as the “Oriental Houston（东方休斯敦）”.
Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was founded in 1967. The center has launched China's first weather satellite “Fengyun-1”，making nine firsts in the history of China's satellite launches.
（ ） What does the underlined words “ manned spacecraft ” mean in Chinese
A. 载人飞船 B. 宇宙空间站 C. 人造地球卫星
A
Wenchang Space Launch Center（founded in 2009）is now the fourth satellite launch center of China. Because it is only 19 degrees away from the equator（赤道），more rocket loads（负载）are possible，making it the center of China's space development in the future.
考点2 主旨大意（必考2—3题）
通关必练
人物故事类
Betty lived in a smalltown. Beautiful flowers were seen everywhere in the town. Because of the shyness, Betty just stood with few words in public. The shy girl hardly talked to people in social activities. She was often considered as a quiet girl in the community. She felt like a wallflower and wondered if she would go unnoticed all the time.
However, her closest friend, Fiona, was completely different. Fiona loved to communicate with others and she encouraged Betty to change. She told Betty that life wasn’t always as beautiful as roses and that everyone was able to make it full of roses.
With the encouragement of Fiona, Betty began to change. Instead of being a wallflower, she started attending a community theater class. She took an active part in acting in the theater group. Her gift for acting began to shine. However, new difficulties were never far away. One of Betty’s classmates became a thorn (刺) in her side. The classmate was not satisfied with her achievements, but Betty continued to deal with the situation. She managed to show herself and became friends with the classmate. All the changes made her feel fresh everyday.
Betty’s hard work paid off when the town’s famous director, Mr. Johnson, watched one of her plays. He liked her acting so much that he offered her the lead role in his new play. Betty’s moment arrived. People were happy to watch her show.
Finally, Betty became a confident (自信的) girl. Her change was like a beautiful rose in full flower. She encountered many difficulties which taught her that there’s no rose without a thorn. But those thorns helped her develop her abilities. Betty proved (证明) that personal changes were possible for anyone.
（ ）1.（主旨大意题）What does Betty’s story tell us
A. The more changes we make, the more confident we are.
B. Friendship makes it possible for everyone to change.
C. It’s possible for everyone to make a change.
C
健康环保类
You probably see a lot of things made of plastic，like bottles and bags. What happens when the plastic was thrown away Scientists say that much of it reaches the oceans in the end，and causes problems for ocean creatures（生物），like fish and birds.
“Plastic makes ocean creatures in danger，some of them die when they are tangled（被缠绕）in pieces of plastic，and others eat the plastic and die，too，” says Allison Schutes of the Ocean Conservancy，a group that protects oceans.
A recent study shows that lots of plastic reaches the oceans each minute. Scientists predict（预言）that by the year 2050，our oceans will have more plastic than fish.
Most scientists say taking out all the plastic that has already in the oceans is impossible. Instead，they say the best way is to stop more plastic from reaching the oceans.
Many groups are taking action. They pick up litter before it reaches the oceans. Volunteers from the Ocean Conservancy collected more than 16 million pounds of litter last year.
Experts also encourage people to use less plastic. Many cities and towns in some countries have banned plastic bags. Experts also suggest that people should use more reusable bottles and bags.
“These seem like small things，” says Schutes，“ but they can help to make a big difference. ”
（ ） 2.（最佳标题）Which is the best title for the passage
A. Bottles and Bags
B. Fish and Birds
C. Plastic and Ocean Creatures
C
小提示：
1. 在首段，找核心词，在尾段，看作者观点；
2. 注意各段的首句；
3. 主旨题可以忽略的地方：显性例证，如for example、such as；
隐形例证，如数字。
主旨题思路：
1. 找出文章的核心词；
2. 比较选项差异。去同较异—作者态度—逆向思维。
靶向突破
肆
A篇（2023·铜仁）（科普知识类）
Have you ever imagined what bees can do with their tiny brains Now scientists are looking into a bee’s brain.
Clint Perry, a scientist, has spent much time studying how bees think. He says studying bees is not very different from studying other animals. “The main difficulty is to design(设计) an experiment(实验) bee and get what we want,” he says. “With humans, we can ask them a question and get an answer. But we can’t use the same way to get an answer from bees. They are just trying to get sugar. Bees like sugar.”
The fact that bees like sugar is helpful for scientists to design experiments. For example, in one experiment, Perry gave bees a task: to find delicious sugar on a landing place above a black bar(棒). Perry made the task easier or harder by moving the landing place farther from or closer to the black bar. He found that bees would avoid the task when it was difficult. And when the task was easy, bees would try it.
As for humans, we might choose not to take a test when we weren’t ready for it. And we might choose to take the test when we were well prepared. In the same way, bees seemed to make decisions like humans.
Perry points out that we are not sure whether bees actually make a thoughtful choice from experiments. Now scientists still do not know how bees manage to do so much with their tiny brains. But learning more about how bees, brains work could help us learn more about how our own brains deal with information.
( )1. What did Perry study in his experiments
A. How bees sleep. B. How bees think. C. How bees dream.
( )2. What can we know from Paragraph 2
A. Bees can talk.
B. Bees are lazy.
C. Bees like sugar.
B
C
( )3. What would bees do when the task was easy according to Paragraph 3
A. They would try it.
They would avoid it.
C. They would praise it.
( )4. What’s the importance of looking into bees’ brains
A. It helps us learn how human brains work.
B. It tells us how to make thoughtful choices.
It lets us know how to deal with information.
( )5. Where is the article probably taken from
A. A travel magazine. B. A sports magazine. C. A science magazine
A
A
C
B篇（2023·丽江）（科普知识类）
Southern white rhinos(犀牛) mainly live in Africa. They are very large in size, about 4 meters long, 1.75 meters high, and over two tons in weight. There are two horns(角) on the nose The front horn is over half a meter long, while the other one is smaller. Southern white rhinos are not really white. They are grey in color. “White” may come from the Afrikaans word for “wide”.
It has some connection with their wide mouths.
Southern white rhinos live on grass, leaves, fruit and so on. They have very poor eyesight. However, they have good hearing and an excellent sense of smell. Their skin(皮肤) is nearly 5 cm thick but is very sensitive. During the day, they try to find a cool place to avoid sunburn. Southern white rhinos lie in mud(泥浆) when they can, as it sticks to their skin and protects them from the bright African sun.
Some humans kill rhinos for their horns. They sell horns to those who believe horns have magic powers or can treat sickness. It puts southern white rhinos in danger.
Now many actions are taken to protect southern white rhinos. The international trade in rhino horn has been stopped in the world. Besides, many protected are as have been built, especially in South Africa. Up to 2020, more than 20 countries have made rules to protect southern white rhinos. Today the number of southern white rhinos has increased to over 20,000 in the wild.
( )1. Where do southern white rhinos mainly live
A. In Europe B. In America C. In Africa
( )2. What color are southern white rhinos
A. Red B. Blue C. Grey
C
C
( )3. What does the underlined word “sensitive” probably mean in Paragraph 2
健康的 B. 敏感的 C. 光滑的
( )4. Why do some humans kill southern white rhinos
A. For their horns B. For their meat C. For their noses
( )5. What is the last paragraph mainly about
A. Ways to feed southern white rhinos
B. Actions of protecting southern white rhinos
C. Places for southern white rhinos to live in.
B
A
B
C篇（人物故事类）
Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure(探险) in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples(样本) from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach—only the bravest adventurers
can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists know how plants live in extreme(极端的) condition.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me. What matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
( )1. (段落大意题) What is Paragraph 1 mainly about
A. Jerry’s friends. B. Jerry’s achievements.
C. High mountains.
( )2. (词义猜测题) What does the underline word “fulfilled”
in Paragraph 2 mean
A. Satisfied. B. Lonely.
C. Patient.
( )3. (推理判断题) Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures
A. To make friends. B. To help scientists.
C. To study plants.
B
A
B
( )4. (细节理解题) Jerry’s and his friends’ adventurers has
changed ________.
A. their hobbies. B. their friendship.
C. their understanding of life.
( )5. (主旨大意题) Which can be the best title for the passage
A. Important Scientific Discoveries.
B. Plants Found on High Mountains.
C. Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
C
C
D篇（人生感悟类）
Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, such as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral(道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achieve success in building human relationships.
Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some forms of success. For example, those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform in front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.
Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous. Another good quality(品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.
Sticking to moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leading to good relationships. Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.
( )1. (词义猜测题) What does the underlined word “they” in
Paragraph 1 refer to(指代)
A. Their classmates. B. Some schools.
C. Most parents. D. Their children.
( )2. (细节理解题) Why are students given chances to take part in
activities
A. To get good grades. B. To improve speaking ability.
C. To express their love for arts. D. To get the pleasure of success.
( )3. (推理判断题) What can we learn from Paragraph 3
A. Project work makes teenagers nervous.
B. Good qualities will lead to a happy life.
C. Teenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.
D. Taking responsibility will make work much easier.
B
D
C
( )4. (细节理解题) What is important for making students strong? minded
A. Honesty. B. Self-motivation.
C. Communication. D. Friends’ trust.
( )5. (最佳标题) What can be the best title for the text
A. The Value of Moral Education
B. The Key to Discovering Hidden Ability
C. The Meaning of Success to Teenagers
D. The Way to Communicate with Others
B
C
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