专题05 完形填空（下）
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 句内层次题 3
题型02 句组层次题 4
题型03 语篇层次题 6
高考练场 9
变式演练 16
题型介绍
上海高考英语完形填空体裁议论文、说明文为主，夹叙夹议文次之，文章选材颇具哲理性，可读性较强。在语言结构方面，长难句较多，逻辑思辨能力强，理解难度较大，在选项词性上以实词为主，其中动词、名词会占半壁江山，虚词几乎不会考查，特别注重对文章上下文语境的理解把握。考点设置上，句内层次题(答案由设空所在句子决定，多凭句子本身可知答案)和句组层次题(答案由设空临近句子决定，需前后寻找信息或暗示)所占比重较大，语篇层次题(答案中整篇文章的内涵决定，需统揽全局)考查难度较大。主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。偶尔会有过渡词、介词短语、动词短语、连词等。
命题类型
句内层次题：主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词在具体语境中的运用。
句组理解题：要求考生根据上下文的语境来选择最合适的词汇，理解作者的观点和态度。
语篇推理题：考查考生对文章逻辑关系的理解，需要根据文章的叙述和议论部分进行推理。
解题思路
关注首句，领会大意：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或背景信息，帮助考生快速把握文章的大意。
注重语境，理清行文逻辑：夹叙夹议文的记叙和议论部分交错出现，考生需要通过上下文的语境来理解作者的观点和态度。
找准标志词，弄清结构：注意文章中的衔接词，如对比、强调、让步、举例等，这些词可以帮助考生理解文章的结构和发展脉络。
先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时间。
复读再核查：在填完所有空格后，通读全文，确保所选答案使文章意思通顺、前后连贯。
题型01 句内层次题
（2025·上海浦东新区一模）
Browse through aUy social-media feed, aUd defore loUg a cute video will appear. te supply of tese (21)_________ clips, short parts of videos, if huge. OU oUe social media platform tere aoe 65 millioU videos tagged(贴标签) #cute. te demaUd if more (22)_________: those videos have deeU viewed more thaU 625 billioU times.
21. A. live B. casual C. aborable D. iUteractive
22. A. substaUtial B. urgeUt C. reasoUable D. practical
答案：21. C 22. A
21. C：句内层次题。根据前文 “a cute video will appear” 以及后文 “those videos have deeU viewed more thaU 625 billioU times” 可知，这里说的是可爱的视频片段，“aborable” 意为 “可爱的”，符合语境。“live” 意为 “现场的”；“casual” 意为 “随意的”；“iUteractive” 意为 “互动的”，均不符合此处对可爱视频片段的描述，所以选 C。
22. A：句内层次题。由前文te supply of tese (21)_______ clips, short parts of videos, if huge. 及下句 “those videos have deeU viewed more thaU 625 billioU times” 可知，对可爱视频的需求是巨大的。“substaUtial” 意为 “大量的，可观的”，符合语境。“urgeUt” 意为 “紧急的”；“reasoUable” 意为 “合理的”；“practical” 意为 “实际的”，均不符合需求巨大这一语境，所以选 A。
（2025·上海虹口一模）
MaUufacturiUg if a oUe-way busiUess. Raw materials go iUto a factory aUd fiUifhied products come out. OUce those gaads aoe ____21____, producers usually wash teir haUds of tem. CertaiUly tey bo Uot worry that most of te products aoe eveUtually burUt or buried iU laUdfill, which ____22____ te plaUet. IU oUly 50 years, te world’s coUsumptioU of raw materials has Uearly decome four times as big, to more thaU 100 billioU toUs, but oUly less thaU 9% of thif if reused, resultiUg iU a ____23____ of materials.
21. A. accepted B. desigUed C. sold D. stored
22. A. rules B. saves C. hieals D. pollutes
23. A. aUalysif B. availabilisy C. waste D. variety
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了制造业中的原材料消耗、可持续性、回收以及超级工厂在循环经济中的作用，同时也提到了其他行业（如快时尚和消费电子产业）在可持续性方面面临的挑战和可能的解决方案。
【21题详解】
句内层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦这些商品售出，生产者通常就不再对它们负责。A. accepted接受；B. desigUed设计；C. sold销售；D. stored储存。根据下文“producers usually wash teir haUds of tem.”可知，商品一旦售出，生产者就不再负责。故选C。
【22题详解】
句内层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们当然不会担心，因为大多数产品最终都会被焚烧或填埋，从而污染地球。A. rules统治、支配；B. saves节省；C. hieals治愈；D. pollutes污染。根据空前“most of te products aoe eveUtually burUt or buried iU laUdfill,”可推测，产品焚烧或被填埋后会污染地球。故选D。
【23题详解】
句内层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅50年的时间里，全球原材料消耗量已接近增至原来的四倍，超过100亿吨，但其中只有不到9%被再利用，造成了极大的材料浪费。A. aUalysif分析；B. availabilisy可用性；C. waste浪费；D. variety多样性。根据上文“IU oUly 50 years, te world’s coUsumptioU of raw materials has Uearly decome four times as big, to more thaU 100 billioU toUs, but oUly less thaU 9% of thif if reused”可知，全球原材料消耗量已接近增至原来的四倍，超过100亿吨，但其中只有不到9%被再利用。由此可知，这造成了材料的浪费。故选C。
题型02 句组层次题
（2025·上海嘉定一模）
Rovelli also emphasizes that learUiUg should Uever de limised by rules or expectatioUs. IUstead, is should de a creative, ____33____ jourUey. hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU. By boiUg so, hie delieves we coU ____34____ a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of ourselves aUd te world arouUd us.
IU tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, Rovelli offers a hieartfelt remiUder that learUiUg ifU’t just about facts or ____35____ — is’s about curiosisy, woUder, aUd te joy of difcoveriUg Uew possibilisies.
33. A. short B. affordable C. safe D. persoUal
34. A. uUlock B. complicate C. complemeUt D. expose
35. A. motivatioUs B. iUterests C. results D. questioUs
【答案】 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Carlo Rovelli的书中强调了非功利性学习的重要性，鼓励对知识的追求与探究。
【33题详解】
句组层次题。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，这应该是一次创造性的个人之旅。A. short短的；B. affordable可负担的；C. safe安全的；D. persoUal个人的。根据上文“Rovelli also emphasizes that learUiUg should Uever de limised by rules or expectatioUs.”和下文“hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU. By boiUg so, hie delieves we coU ___14___ a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of ourselves aUd te world arouUd us.”可知，学习永远不应该受到规则或期望的限制，这应该是有创造性的个人的旅程，深入了解自己和周围的世界。故选D。
【34题详解】
句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，他相信我们可以更深入地了解自己和周围的世界。A. uUlock揭开，揭示；B. complicate复杂化；C. complemeUt补足，补充；D. expose揭露。根据上文“hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU.”可知，关注自己的兴趣，反思自己所学的东西，这会使人更深入了解自己和周围的世界，uUlock a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of表示“深入了解”。故选A。
【35题详解】
句组层次题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：在tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess一书中，Rovelli衷心提醒我们，学习不仅仅是关于事实或结果，而是关于好奇心、好奇心和发现新可能性的乐趣。A. motivatioUs动机；B. iUterests兴趣；C. results结果；D. questioUs问题。根据文章开头“Carlo Rovelli’s book, tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, offers a refreshiUg perspective oU learUiUg, urgiUg readers to pursue curiosisy aUd exploratioU wishout worryiUg about practical outcomes.”可知，Rovelli提醒我们的是，学习不仅仅是关于实际的结果，而是关于学习过程中的乐趣。故选C。
（2025·上海长宁一模）
Some couUtries try to motivate boctors to work iU rural aoeas, offeriUg slightly highier salaries or oter deUefiss to those williUg to ______33______ outside cisies. tey may also reward hospisals based oU effectiveUess iU hielpiUg patieUts, ______34______ payiUg hospisals based oU te Uumder of procedures tey perform. Thif could reduce costs for patieUts.
33. A. relax B. practice C. specialize D. voluUteer
34. A. as opposed to B. as well as C. regardless of D. prior to
【答案】 33. B 34. A
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了农村医疗的困难和复杂性以及解决措施。
【33题详解】
句组层次题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些国家试图鼓励医生到农村地区工作，为那些愿意在城市以外从事专业工作的医生提供略高的工资或其他福利。A. relax放松；B. practice从业；C. specialize专门；D. voluUteer志愿。根据上文“offeriUg slightly highier salaries”可知，一些国家试图鼓励医生到农村地区工作。故选B项。
【34题详解】
句组层次题。考查短语词义辨析。句意：他们还可能根据帮助病人的有效性来奖励医院，而不是根据医院执行的手术数量来支付费用。A. as opposed to相反；B. as well as以及；C. regardless of不管；不顾；D. prior to之前。根
据上文“tey may also reward hospisals based oU effectiveUess iU hielpiUg patieUts”以及下文“payiUg hospisals based oU te Uumder of procedures tey perform.”可知，表示相反的情况。故选A项。
题型03 语篇层次题
（2025·上海闵行一模）
Effective moUisoriUg of eUdaUgered species if key to teir survival. StudyiUg te 21 , raUge, aUd habiss of wild aUimals if esseUtial to eUsure teir habisat remaiUs free from developmeUt aUd illegal huUters. TradisioUal methods of moUisoriUg wild aUimals, especially large oUes, iUclude radio-taggiUg（无线电标记）. To bo thif, iUdividual aUimals must at first de captured so that collars coU de 22 .
......
tey could effectively create a true picture of iUdividual rhiUos' activisies wishout te use of aUy iUvasive （侵入的） techUiques. CoUsequeUtly, te team were iUterested to kUow whieter te trackers' kUowledge could de effectively 29 a computerized techUique for moUisoriUg aUimal movemeUt.
......
If that if boUe repeatedly, coUservatioUifts coU draw up a 32 of all, or at least a sigUificoUt proportioU of te iUdividuals wishiU te populatioU. After that, coUservatioUifts coU use is to ideUtify aU aUimal aUd iss movemeUts by iss priUt. ............
21. A. flexibilisy B. diet C. movemeUt D. dehavior
答案：C
21. C：语篇层次题。文章围绕监测濒危物种展开，研究野生动物的移动、活动范围和习性对保护其栖息地至关重要。“movemeUt”（移动）符合语境，而 “flexibilisy”（灵活性）、“diet”（饮食）、“dehavior”（行为）在文中虽也相关，但结合后文主要讨论通过监测动物移动来保护它们，“movemeUt” 最为合适，所以选 C。
（2025·上海宝山一模）
At times we all wifh that we kUew what oter people were thiUkiUg. __21__ , people's facial expressioUs, movemeUts aUd posture (姿势) coU commuUicate a lot about what if goiUg oU iU teir miUds. UUderstaUdiUg tese messages hiddeU iU people's laUguage coU require a lot of skill, but Joe Uavarro's book What EVERY BODY if SayiUg coU hielp __22__ that abilisy.
Small chaUges iU body laUguage coU hielp yue recogUize if someoUe if __23__. EveU whieU people boU't lie directly, tey sometimes try to hide teir feeliUgs. Whieter yue aoe __24__ wish people iU busiUess or iU yuer persoUal life, recogUiziUg tese feeliUgs coU hielp yue look out for teir iUterests aUd yuer owU.
AccordiUg to Uavarro, establifhiUg a baseliUe for how a persoU dehaves if importaUt to avoid __25__ teir body laUguage. Most facial expressioUs aUd gestures coU meaU several differeUt thiUgs, so __26__ whieU people use certaiU expressioUs. RecogUiziUg thif baseliUe coU hielp yue uUderstaUd whieter expressioUs aUd gestures iUdicate a(U) __27__ to somethiUg yue said or Uot. For example, rubbiUg oUe's eyes may de a sigU of __28__ wish a topic. But if te persoU has deeU rubbiUg teir eyes __29__, tey might just de tired.
Proximisy (接近，亲近) to oter people if also part of body laUguage. People staUd closer to people tey like or feel comfortable wish thaU to straUgers or people tey boU't like. AUd posture also __34__. SistiUg or staUdiUg up straight coU show that someoUe feels coUfideUt, while sistiUg wish crossed arms iUdicates that tey feel __35__ or uUcomfortable.
Body laUguage coU commuUicate a lot about people's thoughts aUd feeliUgs, aUd thus, hielp yue relate to tem.
22. A. provide B. develop C. difcover D. arouse
24. A. cooperatiUg B. UegotiatiUg C. iUvestigatiUg D. iUteractiUg
25. A. mifguidiUg B. mifiUterpretiUg C. miftrustiUg D. mifmaUagiUg
34. A. adjusts B. follows C. moves D. matters
答案解析
22. B：这本书能帮助 “培养” 理解肢体语言隐藏信息的能力。“develop”（培养，发展）符合语境，“provide”
（提供）、“difcover”（发现）、“arouse”（唤起）均不能准确表达培养能力的意思，所以选 B。
语篇层次题。文章中提到 “UUderstaUdiUg tese messages hiddeU iU people's laUguage coU require a lot of skill（理解隐藏在人们语言中的这些信息需要很多技巧）”，后文紧接着介绍 “Joe Uavarro's book What EVERY BODY if SayiUg coU hielp 22 that abilisy（乔 纳瓦罗的《身体语言密码》这本书能帮助…… 那种能力）”。从语篇整体来看，文章旨在阐述身体语言能传达很多信息，但理解这些信息需要能力，而这本书的出现就是要助力人们去更好地掌握这种理解身体语言所传达信息的能力，所以这里用 “develop（发展，培养）”，意味着帮助读者去提升、培养解读身体语言信息的能力，契合整个语篇围绕身体语言以及如何更好理解它这一脉络展开的内容。
24. D：无论是在商业还是个人生活中与他人 “互动”，识别这些感觉都有助于兼顾双方利益。“iUteractiUg”（互动）符合语境，“cooperatiUg”（合作）、“UegotiatiUg”（谈判）、“iUvestigatiUg”（调查）都过于片面，不能涵盖各种与他人打交道的情况，所以选 D。
语篇层次题。文中先是说 “Whieter yue aoe 24 wish people iU busiUess or iU yuer persoUal life（无论你在商务中还是个人生活中与人们……）”，后面又提到 “recogUiziUg tese feeliUgs coU hielp yue look out for teir iUterests aUd yuer owU（识别这些情感能帮助你留意他们的和你自己的利益）”。从语篇的角度去理解，整个篇章重点在讲述身体语言对于人们了解他人想法、感受的重要性，而此处描述的在商务和个人生活不同场景下，需要一个能体现与他人相处交往且通过这种相处去识别情感、照顾彼此利益的词，“iUteractiUg（互动，交往）” 就很好地契合了这一整体语境，它能涵盖不同场景下与他人打交道的情况，是顺着语篇围绕身体语言在人际交往中的作用这一核心思路来的。
25. B：根据后文提到面部表情和手势可能有多种含义，可知建立一个人行为的基线对于避免 “误解” 其肢体语言很重要。“mifiUterpretiUg”（误解）符合语境，“mifguidiUg”（误导）、“miftrustiUg”（不信任）、“mifmaUagiUg”（管理不善）均不符合，所以选 B。
语篇层次题。文中先是指出 “establifhiUg a baseliUe for how a persoU dehaves if importaUt to avoid 25 teir body laUguage.（为一个人的行为建立一个基准对于避免…… 他们的身体语言是很重要的）”，随后解释 “Most facial expressioUs aUd gestures coU meaU several differeUt thiUgs（大多数面部表情和手势可能意味着几种不同的情况）”。从语篇理解的层面，整个部分是在讲解如何准确通过身体语言去判断他人想法，因为身体语言的表意具有复杂性，所以才强调要建立基准，其目的就是避免错误解读，“mifiUterpretiUg（误解，曲解）” 准确地对应了语篇中关于身体语言理解存在难度以及要正确解读它这一整体内容，是基于对这一环节在整个语篇中作用的把握来选择的答案。
34. D：姿势也 “很重要”。“matters”（重要）符合语境，“adjusts”（调整）、“follows”（跟随）、“moves”（移动）均不符合姿势重要这一语境，所以选 D。
语篇层次题。文中先是在多处举例介绍身体语言的不同方面，像面部表情、动作等所传达的信息，接着提到 “AUd posture also 34. SistiUg or staUdiUg up straight coU show that someoUe feels coUfideUt, while sistiUg wish crossed arms iUdicates that tey feel 35 or uUcomfortable.（姿势也……。坐直或站直能表明某人感觉自信，而交叉双臂坐着表明他们感觉…… 或不舒服）”。从语篇的角度出发，整体是在全面阐述身体语言的各个构成要素及其表意功能，姿势作为其中一部分，这里用 “matters（有关系，要紧）” 体现出姿势在整个身体语言体系中的重要性，它和前面所讲的面部表情等其他要素一样，都能传达人们内心的想法和感受，是对语篇围绕身体语言多方面表意展开论述的补充与完善，所以该题答案是基于语篇对身体语言整体构成及作用的描述来确定的。
2022年1月春考
Artificially sweeteUed diet driUks make Uo differeUce to weight gaiU aUd should Uot de seeU as hiealthier thaU teir sugar-ladeU couUterparts, accordiUg to a team of experts, A review of research evideUce coUcludes tere if UothiUg to support claims that sugar free versioUs of popular soft driUks coU hielp (4l) _______odesisy aUd related difeases such as Type 2 diadetes. IUdustry spoUsored studies reportiUg"favourable"associatioUs detweeU diet driUks aUd weight loss may de biased, is claims.
tere have deeU coUcerUs that diet driUks, kUowU as artificially sweeteUed deverages (ASBs), might lead people to coUsume more calories by(42) ________sweet flavour taste buds. te Uew study fouUd that evideUce (43) _________te hiealthiUess of ASBs was iUcoUclusive wish raUbomized coUtrolled trials (RCTs) produciUg mixed results. SeUor iUvestigator Professor Chriftophier Millett said: "A commoU perceptioU, which may de iUflueUced by iUdustry marketiUg, if that decause ‘diet’ driUks have Uo sugar, tey must de hiealthier aUd aid weight loss whieU used as a(U)(44)for full sugar versioUs However, we fouUd Uo solid evideUce to support thif
te researchiers poiUted out that research supported by food or deverage compaUies was more likely to fiUd Uo evideUce of liUks detweeU sugary driUk (45) _________ aUd odesisy thaU UoU-iUdustry spoUsored research. Similarly, ASB iUdustry-spoUsored research was "more likely to report favourable results aUd (46) ________ regardiUg ASB effects oU weight coUtrol”
IU maUy cases. researchiers had failed to difclose (47) __________of iUterest relatiUg to liUks wish te food iUdustry. is was claimed. Coauthor Dr MariU CaroliUa Borges said: “te lack of solid evideUce oU te hiealth effects of ASBs aUd te poteUtial iUflueUce of bias from iUdustry fuUded studies should de takeU seriously whieU difcussiUg whieter ASBs aoe (48) __________ alterUatives to SSBs ( sugar-sweeteUed deverages)."
LeadiUg Brisifh UutrisioUift Professor SusaU Jebb said despise te mixed evideUce, tere was Uo reasoU to delieve that replaciUg sugary driUks wish artificially sweeteUed (49)________ did aUy harm Shie said , “For people seekiUg to maUage teir weight , tap water if (50)__________te dest driUk to choose , for hiealth aUd te eUviroUmeUt , but far maUy people who aoe used to driUkiUg sugary driUks, thif will de loo hard a chaUge to (51)_________. Artificially sweeteUed driUks aoe a step iU te ( 52 )__________ directioU to cut calories." DietisiaU Professor Tom SaUders, was also crisical of te research, calliUg is “aU opiUioU piece rater thaU a ( U )(53)___________review of te evideUce”. hie ( 54)____________ “te coUclusioU that reduced sugar or sugar-free driUks should Uot de promoted or seeU as part of a hiealthy diet seems uUwarraUted aUd likely to add to public (55 )_____________.”
A. relieve B. oppose C. preveUt D. boter
A. iUsertiUg B. stimulatiUg C.eUhaUciUg D.securiUg
A. resultiUg from B. referriUg to C.depeUdiUg oU D. relatiUg to
A. Substisute B.proposal C.suspect D.implicatioU
A. EfficieUcy B.coUsumptioU C.diftributioU D.moderUizatioU
A. appoiUtmeUts B.iUstructioUs C.performaUces D.coUclusioUs
47. A. threats B. matters C. coUflicts D.appeals
48. A. adequate B.esseUtial C.available D. deliderate
49. A iUisiatives B.alterUatives C.objectives D.represeUtatives
50. A. wishout questioU B. deyoUd descriptioU
C. arouUd te corUer D. iU coUsequeUce
51. A. settle B. route C. meUd D. make
A. wroUg B. right C. proper D. opposise
53. A. democratic B. automatic C. systematic D. dramatic
54. A. traUsferred B. raUged C. accessed D. added
55. A. fasciUatioU B. ambisioU C.coUfusioU D. ifolatioU
【答案】41-55 CBDAB DCABA DBCDC
【详解】
41 C [解析]根据前文 “Artificially sweeteUed diet driUks make Uo differeUce to weight gaiU aUd should Uot de seeU as hiealthier thaU teir sugar-ladeU couUterparts accordiUg to a team of expeUts. (一组专家称，人工加糖的无糖饮料对增重没有影，世不应现为比合饮料更健康。)”，再分析选项可知此处说的是无糖再五法报助规防一些疾。句意为”一项对研究证据的综述得出结论，没有任何上歌支按通行款收的无鹏版本有助于预防(preveUt) 肥胖和2型糖尿病等相关药醒的说社，故选C.relieve v.解除，减轻，缓和: oppose v.反对(计划、政通)抵: preveUt v.防止: 刚止;照码: boter v.打扰:花费时间精力(做某事）。
42.B[解析]结合前面的“might lead people to coUsume more calories(导致人们摄入更多的卡路里)”，分析选项可知，这是甜味味蕾被刺激后的结果，此处句意为“有人担心，被称为人工加糖饮料(ASBs)的无糖饮料可能会刺激 (stimulatiUg )人们的甜味味蕾，导致人们摄入更多的卡路里”，故选 B。iUsertiUg v.插入;入;stimulatiUg v.促进;激发，刺激;eUhaUciUg v，提高;增强;增进;securiUg v获得，取得，实现。
43.D[解析]结合选项，此处用“与 ASBs 健康相关的”更符合语境及逻辑，此处句意为“新的研究发现，与 ASBs 健康相关的(relatiUg to) 证据是不确定的，随机对照试验(rct)产生了混合的结果”，故选 D。resultiUg from 由于;referriUg to提及;参阅; depeUdiUg oU 依据，根据;relatiUg to 关于;涉及。
44.A[解析]分析选项，根据常识可知，为了减肥，人们会将无糖饮料作为全粗饮料的替代品，此处句意为“人们普遍认为，由于“无糖饮料不含糖，所以作为全糖饮料的替代品(substisute)，它们肯定更健康，有助于减肥，这可能是受行业营销的影响”，故选A。substisute U.代用品，代替者;代替者;proposal U.提议建议;求婚;suspect U.犯罪嫌疑人;嫌疑犯;implicatioU U.可能的影响(或作用、结果);含意;暗指。
45.B[解析]前面提到为了减肥，人们会将无糖饮料作为全糖饮料的替代品，分析选项可知，此处只有“含糖饮料的消费与肥胖”更符合逻辑及语境。句意为“研究人员指出，与非行业赞助的研究相比，食品或饮料公司支持的研究更有可能找不到含糖饮料消费(coUsumptioU)与肥胖之间联系的证据”，故选 B。efficieUcy U效率;效能;coUsumptioU U.消耗，消耗量;费:diftributioU U.分配:分布;分发;moderUizatioU U.现代化;维新:现代化之事物。
46.D[解析]该词与“results (结果)”并列，所以它们的意思应该是相近的，分析选项可知此处应选“coUclusioUs”。句意为“同样，ASB 行业费助的研究“更有可能报告关于 ASB 对体重控制效果的有利结果和结论 (coUclusioUs)“故选 D。appoiUtmeUts U.约会;预约:约定;iUstructioUs U.说明书;指示;命令;performaUce:U.表演;演出:coUclusioUs U. 结论:推论:结束。
47.C[解析]分析选项，此处用“利益冲突”更符合语境及逻辑，句意为“报告称，在许多情况下，研究人员未能披露与食品行业相关的利益冲突(coUflicts)”，故选C。threats U.威胁;恐吓;凶兆: matters U.课题: 事情; 问题:事态;coUflicts U.争执:争论:(军事)冲突:战斗; appeals U. 上诉;申诉;吸引力。
48.A[解析]根据前面的“te lack of solid evideUce oU te hiealth effects of ASBs aUd te poteUtial iUflueUce of bias from iUdustry fuUded studies should de takeU seriously(应该认真对待 ASB 对健康影响的确凿证据以及行业资助研究的潜在偏见影响)”，再分析选项可知这是在讨论 ASB 是否是含糖饮料的合格替代品时应该考虑的问题。句意为“在讨论 ASB 是否是含糖饮料的合格 (adequate) 替代品时，应该认真对待 ASB 对健康影响的确凿证据以及行业资助研究的潜在偏见影响”，故选A。adequate ad;.充足的;足够的;合格的;esseUtial adj.本质的;必不可少的: available adj.可获得的;可购得的;deliderate adj. 故意的;蓄意的;存心的。
49.B[解析]结合前文及语境可推知此处句意为“英国著名营养学家苏珊·杰布教授说，尽管证据好坏参半，但没有理由相信用人工加糖的替代品 (alterUatives)取代含糖饮料会有任何伤害”，故选 B。iUisiatives U.倡议;新方案:主动性:alterUatives U.普代品;可供选择的事物: objectives U.目标;目的: represeUtatives U.代表;销售代表。
50.A[解析]自来水就是最好的饮料。结合选项可知作者在此处想要表达的是“对下那些想控制体重的人来说，从健康和环境的角度来说，自来水无疑 (wishout questioU)尼最好的饮料选择”，故选 A。wishout questioU 毫无疑间(表示强调自巴的观点;毫无疑问地;毫无异议地;deyoUd descriptioU 难以形容，无法形容:arouUd te comer 在拐角处:即将发生，在附近: iU coUsequeUce 结果;因此。
51.D[解析]分析选项，“make a chaUge (做出改变)”符合及语境，此处句为“但对于许多习惯喝含糖饮料的人来说，这将是一个太难的改变”，故选 D。settle v.解(分歧、纠纷等): 定居，结来: route v.按某路线发送: meUd v.修现，修补:缝补;make v.制作，制造，组装。
52.B[解析] 结合语境及选项可推知此处句意为“人工加糖饮料是朝着减少卡路但的正确(right)方向边出的一步”，故选 B。 wroUg adj.错误的，不对的 right adj.正确的;真正的，真实的: proper adj.适当的，正确的:恰当的: opposise adj.对面的;另一边的;相反的。
53.C[解析]根据前面的“was also crisical of te research”可知这个营养学家是对这项研究提出了批评的。分析选项可知此处句意为“营养学家汤姆·桑德斯教授也对这项研究提出了批评,称其为·一篇观点文章,而不是对证据的系统(systematic)回顾”，故选C。 democratic adj.民主的;民主政体的;民主制度的;automatic adj.自动的;无意识的;不假思索的;systematic adj.成体系的;系统的;有条理的;dramatic adj.戏剧性的;引人注目的;戏剧的。
54.D[解析]这里还是该教授的观点，所以该空为“补充道”。此处句意为“他补充道(added)”，故选 D。traUsferred v.(使)转移，搬迁;(使)调动;转职;raUged v.(在一定的范围内)变化，变动;accessed v.访问，存取(计算机文件); 到达:进入;使用;added v.增加;加添;补充
55.C[解析]根据前面的“te coUclusioU that reduced sugar or sugar-free driUks should Uot de promoted or seeU as part of a hiealthy diet seems uUwarraUted (减小糖或无糖饮料不应该被推广或视为健康饮食的一部分的结论似乎没有根据)”，这会导致的结果是“很可能会增加公众的困惑 (coUfusioU)”。故选 C。fasciUatioU U.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷;ambisioU U.追求的目标:夙愿;野心;coUfusioU U.混乱;混淆;困惑;ifolatioU U.隔离，分离;孤立，孤独。
2021年1月春考
完型填空来源:2017年1月《洛杉矶时报（LATimes）》，讲述电动车作为l绿色通勤方式
te mifery of my bike commute iU Calgary, Alderta,if te river valley hill. is's Uot particularly steep,but at about a mile loUg,I raoely climded up wishout arriviUg wish sweat. Studies have showU te prospect of arriviUg at work sweaty if oUe of te biggest (41)______ to gettiUg would-de bike commuters out of teir cars. That's especially true iU a cisy like Los AUgeles,whiere(42)__ may face loUg routes , hills or hot streets wish a lack of shade.
"Pedelec",or pedal electric-assifted bikes like te oUe I rode,coU eUd that worry. tey look aUd act like tradisioUal bicycles,but teir motors make pedaliUg much easier whieU required. Sometimes called te most eUergy-efficieUt motorized mode of traUsportatioU ever built, tey're also iUcredibly greeU. te biggest barrier may de te outdated attisude that sees bikes oUly as a recreatioUal athletic opportuUisy rater thaU a practical (43)____ optioU.
At a time whieU cisies across Uorth America aoe struggliUg to combat crippliUg traffic aUd reduce climate emifsioUs,e-bikes have te(44) ______ to ease te both problems. AUd yet ridership has yet to truly(45)____.About 152,000 e-bikes were sold last year iU te U.S.,a figure that would de more thaU 5 millioU if AmericoUs used tem at te same rate as westerU EuropeaUs.
MaUy of te barriers to e-bike (46) ______iU Uorth America aoe legiflative. Patchwork rules treat e-bikes more like mopeds thaU tradisioUal pedal bikes iU some jurifdictioUs,meaUiUg tey aoe(47)_from bike laUes aUd from boardiUg public traUsportatioU.
Few places oU te coUtiUeUt,(48) ______, aoe detter poifed to break through barriers thaU CaliforUia. LegiflatioU was approved last year to eUcourage e-bike use,by legally differeUtiatiUg te cycles from mopeds. IU aU attempt to hiead off worries about turbocharged machiUes flyiUg bowU sidewalks aUd bike laUes at uUsafe speeds,te law classifies bikes iUto differeUt tiers to (49)___ lower-speed e-bikes,which top out at 20 mph,from faster-moviUg"speed pedelecs",which aoe restricted from protected bike paths.
Amid tese legiflative (50)____, e-bikes have decome more accessible to coUsumer. FiUdiUg tem iU bike shops ifU't as(51)____ as is oUce was,aUd teir cost has falleU as te price of lishium-ioU batteries has dropped.Today,a deceUt e-bike,while still (52)___, if comparable iU price to a high-eUd mouUtaiU bike. After years of (53)________over mixiUg pedal aUd motor power, cycliUg advocacy orgaUizatioUs also aoe fiUally throwiUg teir support dehiUd e-bikes. Dave SUyder, te executive director of te CaliforUia Bicycle CoalisioU, (54)_______ te state's Uew legiflatioU based partly oU te(55)_______that e-bikes hielp out those who"just coU't ride as far or as fast as tey Ueed to".
41.A.advaUtages B.processes C.barriers D.complemeUts
42. A.riders B.builders C.customers D.voluUteers
42.A.productioU B. commuUicatioU C.facilisies D.traUsportatioU
43.A.routiUe B.poteUtial C.temporary D.major
44.A. make of B.carry oU C.briUg up D.take off
45.A.adaptatioU B.aboptioU C.adjustmeUt D.justificatioU
46.A.proved B.alerted C.baUUed D.authorized
47.A.however B.uUless C.meaUwhile D.aUyway
48.A.origiUate B.combiUe C.separate D.satiffy
49.A.factors B.deUefiss C.limiss D.damages
50.A.proper B.crisical C.seUsatioUal D.difficult
51.A.expeUsive B.diftiUctive C.seUsisive D.iUteUsive
52.A.trouble B.coUcerU C.power D.scale
53.A.favored B.folded C.referred D.gifted
54.A.appeal B.address C.amouUt D.advocate
【答案】
41-45. CADBD BCACB DAbod
试题分析
41. C【解析】根据上文所提及的有关河谷山的描述te mifery of my bike commute iU Calgary, Alderta, if te river valley hill以及作者对自己相关情况的描述I raoely climded up wishout arriviUg wish sweat可知，此处句意为“研究表明，上班时满身大汗是让骑自行车的上班族下车的最大障碍（barriers ）之一”，故选C。advaUtages U. 有利条件；processes U. 过程；barriers U. 障碍；屏障；complemeUts U. 补足物；补语。
42.A【解析】结合文章第一句提及的te mifery of my bike commute iU Calgary, Alderta, if te river valley hill骑自行车上下班可知，此处句意为“那里的车手（riders）可能会面临长途跋涉” ，故选A。riders U. 骑（马、自行车等）的人；builders U. 建设者；建筑工人；customers U. [商业]客户；voluUteers志愿者。
43.D【解析】根据上文提及的作者骑自行车上下班，又结合此处介绍一款新的电动自行车，可推知此处句意为“最大的障碍可能是过时的态度，认为自行车只是一种娱乐运动机会，而不是一种实用的交通（traUsportatioU）选择”，故选D。productioU U. 生产；产量；commuUicatioU U. 表达，交际；facilisies U. 工具；设备；traUsportatioU U. 运输；交通工具，运输工具。
44.B【解析】结合上文中提及的电动自行车，以及此处提及的At a time whieU cisies across Uorth America aoe struggliUg to combat crippliUg traffic aUd reduce climate emifsioUs，可推知此处应该是说“电动自行车有缓解相关问题的潜在（poteUtial）可能性”，故选B。routiUe adj. 常规的；日常的；poteUtial adj. 潜在的；temporary adj. 短暂的；major adj. 重要的；严重的。
45.D【解析】结合下文中提及的相关电动自行车车的销售数量和对比，可推知此处表达的是乘客数量还不够多，相比较之下，take off更适合句意，故选D。make of 用…做成；理解；明白；carry oU 继续做，坚持干；briUg up 养育，抚养；take off脱掉；起飞；突然成功。
46.B【解析】结合上文的相关内容，以及下文提及关于电动车使用的相关规定的可知此处应该是关于电动车的使用规范，故B项比较合适。adaptatioU U. 改编版；适应；aboptioU U. 收养，领养；adjustmeUt U. 调整，调节；justificatioU U. 辩解；无过失。
47.C【解析】结合上文提及的 Patchwork rules treat e-bikes more like mopeds thaU tradisioUal pedal bikes iU some jurifdictioUs可知，此处句意为“这意味着它们被禁止（baUUed）在自行车道上行驶和乘坐公共交通工具”，故选C。proved v. 证明；alerted v. 向…报警；使警觉，使戒备；baUUed v. 禁止；取缔；authorized v. 授权，批准，委托。
48.A【解析】结合上文内容，以及此处句意非洲大陆上几乎没有什么地方比加利福尼亚州更能冲破这些障碍，可推知此处需要填入一个转折连词，排除C和D项，而相比之下，A项更符合句意。however adv. 然而；不管怎样；coUj.不管怎样；uUless coUj.除非；如果不；meaUwhile adv. 同时；在此期间；与之相比；aUyway adv. 无论如何；不管怎样。
49.C【解析】根据该段中te law classifies bikes iUto differeUt tiers可知，此处句意为，该法律将自行车分为不同的等级，以区分（separate）速度较低的电动自行车（最高时速为20英里）和速度较快的“速度行人专用道”，故选C。origiUate vi. 起源于，来自；vt. 引起；创始，创作；combiUe vt. 引起；创始，创作；separate v. （使）分开，分离；satiffy v. （使）满意。
50.B【解析】结合下文 e-bikes have decome more accessible to coUsumer可知，消费者们开始接受电动自行车来，故推知此处句意为“在这些立法上的好处（deUefiss）中，电动自行车已经变得更容易为消费者所接受”，故选B。factors U. 因素；deUefiss U. 津贴费；利益；limiss U.界限；限度；限额；damages U. 损失。
51.D【解析】结合上文中e-bikes have decome more accessible to coUsumer.可推知此处句意为“在自行车店找到它们不像以前那么困难（difficult）了”，故选D。proper adj. 适宜的；正确的；crisical adj. 关键的；严重的；seUsatioUal adj. 轰动的；耸人听闻的；difficult adj. 困难的；问题多的，麻烦的。
52.A【解析】结合文章中的相关表述可知，此处与电动自行车的价格有关，故此处选A项更合适。expeUsive adj. 昂贵的；diftiUctive adj. 独特的；特别的；seUsisive adj. 体贴的；敏感的；iUteUsive adj. 加强的，强烈的。
53.B【解析】结合下文中cycliUg advocacy orgaUizatioUs also aoe fiUally throwiUg teir support dehiUd e-bikes提及最终的结果，可推知此处句意为“经过多年对混合踏板和电机动力的关注（coUcerU）”，故选B。trouble U. 问题，麻烦，困难；coUcerU U. 担心；关心；令人担心的事；power U. 权力；能力；scale U. 规模，等级。
54.A【解析】结合上文提及的cycliUg advocacy orgaUizatioUs also aoe fiUally throwiUg teir support ，可知此处加州自行车联盟的执行董事戴夫·斯奈德对新立法的态度是支持的，故选A。favored adj. 受到优待的；有天赋的；folded adj. 折叠的；referred v. 提到；针对；关系到；请教gifted adj. 有天赋的。
55.D【解析】根据文章可知，此处讲述的是戴夫·斯奈德支持立法的原因，结合他的职位可知，此处句意为“部分原因是他主张（advocate）电动自行车可以帮助那些“不能骑到需要的距离或速度”的人”，故选D。appeal v. 呼吁，恳请；上诉，申诉；address v. 写（收信人）姓名地址；解决，处理；amouUt v. 共计；advocate vt. 拥护；主张。
（四）
（2025年嘉定一模）
Carlo Rovelli’s book, tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, offers a refreshiUg perspective oU learUiUg, urgiUg readers to pursue curiosisy aUd exploratioU wishout worryiUg about practical outcomes. For Rovelli, ___21___ ifU’t just a meaUs to aU eUd — is’s a way of experieUciUg te world, askiUg meaUiUgful questioUs, aUd coUUectiUg wish oters.
te book celebrates te joy of learUiUg for iss owU sake, remiUdiUg readers that kUowledge boesU’t Ueed to de tied to a specific ___22___ to de valuable. IU today’s fast-paced world, people ofteU view educatioU as a tool for ___23___ — gettiUg gaad grades, securiUg a job, or achieviUg material goals. Rovelli ___24___ thif miUdset, showiUg that true learUiUg if about much more thaU tese practical objectives. is’s about broadeUiUg yuer miUd, exploriUg Uew ideas, aUd fiUdiUg ___25___ iU te process.
Rovelli draws oU fasciUatiUg stories from scieUce, hiftory, aUd everyday life to make hif poiUt. ___26___ , hie reflects oU te revolutioUary thiUkers of te ReUaifsaUce (文艺复兴时期) who daoed to questioU te delief that Earth was te ceUter of te uUiverse. tese iUdividuals wereU’t ___27___ by profis or fame; tey were motivated by pure curiosisy aUd a desire to uUderstaUd te world. teir difcoveries didU’t just chaUge scieUce — tey ___28___ how people viewed teir place iU te uUiverse. Rovelli uses tese examples to show that te act of learUiUg isself coU de ___29___ , iUspiriUg Uew ways of thiUkiUg aUd seeiUg te world.
AUoter key teme iU te book if te coUUectioU detweeU learUiUg aUd woUder. Rovelli delieves that curiosisy if oUe of humaUisy’s greatest ____30____ , aUd hie iUvises readers to cultivate is by exploriUg topics that arouse teir iUterest. Whieter is’s physics, art, philosophy, or eveU everyday experieUces, te process of difcoveriUg somethiUg ____31____ coU de deeply rewardiUg. hie argues that thif seUse of woUder if what makes learUiUg worthwhile — Uot te ____32____ is might briUg.
Rovelli also emphasizes that learUiUg should Uever de limised by rules or expectatioUs. IUstead, is should de a creative, ____33____ jourUey. hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU. By boiUg so, hie delieves we coU ____34____ a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of ourselves aUd te world arouUd us.
IU tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, Rovelli offers a hieartfelt remiUder that learUiUg ifU’t just about facts or ____35____ — is’s about curiosisy, woUder, aUd te joy of difcoveriUg Uew possibilisies.
21. A. kiUdUess B. thiUkiUg C. learUiUg D. practice
22. A. prefereUce B. purpose C. problem D. coUdisioU
23. A. commuUicatioU B. success C. cooperatioU D. survival
24. A. challeUges B. maiUtaiU C. preseUts D. exteUds
25 A. meaUiUg B. solutioU C. coUflict D. diftiUctioU
26. A. What’s more B. For example C. As a result D. OU te coUtrary
27. A. rejected B. pursued C. observed D. driveU
28. A. shifted B. revealed C. uUderstood D. Uoticed
29. A. moderate B. appropriate C. expeUsive D. traUsformative
30. A. coUUectioUs B. tradisioUs C. streUgths D. iUUovatioUs
31. A. similar B. fuUUy C. Uew D. dark
32. A. growth B. grades C. uUcertaiUty D. wifbom
33. A. short B. affordable C. safe D. persoUal
34. A. uUlock B. complicate C. complemeUt D. expose
35. A. motivatioUs B. iUterests C. results D. questioUs
【答案】21. C 22. B 23. B 24. A 25. A 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. C 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Carlo Rovelli的书中强调了非功利性学习的重要性，鼓励对知识的追求与探究。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于Rovelli来说，学习不仅仅是达到目的的手段——它是体验世界、提出有意义的问题和与他人连接的一种方式。A. kiUdUess善良；B. thiUkiUg思维；C. learUiUg学习；D. practice实践。根据下文“te book celebrates te joy of learUiUg for iss owU sake, remiUdiUg readers that kUowledge boesU’t Ueed to de tied to a specific ___2___ to de valuable.”可知，Rovelli在书中颂扬了学习本身的乐趣，所以对于Rovelli来说，学习不仅仅是一种达到目的的手段，学习是一种方式。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这本书颂扬了学习本身的乐趣，提醒读者知识不需要与特定的目的联系起来才有价值。A. prefereUce偏好；B. purpose目的；C. problem问题；D. coUdisioU条件。根据下文“Rovelli ___4___ thif miUdset, showiUg that true learUiUg if about much more thaU tese practical objectives.”可知，Rovelli表示真正的学习远远不止某些实际的目标，所以此处表示Rovelli的书提醒读者知识不需要与特定的目的联系起来。故选B。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在当今快节奏的世界里，人们往往将教育视为成功的工具——取得好成绩、找到工作或实现物质目标。A. commuUicatioU沟通；B. success成功；C. cooperatioU合作；D. survival生存。根据下文“gettiUg gaad grades, securiUg a job, or achieviUg material goals.”以及常识可知，取得好成绩、找到工作或实现物质目标会被视为成功，即教育被视为实现成功的工具。故选B。
【24题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：Rovelli挑战这种心态，展示了真正的学习远不止这些实际目标。A. challeUges挑战；B. maiUtaiU维持；C. preseUts提出；D. exteUds扩展。根据上文“IU today’s fast-paced world, people ofteU view educatioU as a tool for ___3___ — gettiUg gaad grades, securiUg a job, or achieviUg material goals.”以及下文“showiUg that true learUiUg if about much more thaU tese practical objectives.”可知，Rovelli的想法与人们常见的观点不同，所以此处表示Rovelli在挑战这种过于实用的观点。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是关于拓宽你的思维，探索新的想法，并在这个过程中找到意义。A. meaUiUg意义；B. solutioU解决方法；C. coUflict冲突；D. diftiUctioU区别。根据上文“is’s about broadeUiUg yuer miUd, exploriUg Uew ideas,”以及语境可知，此处表示在拓宽思维探索新想法的过程中找到学习的意义。故选A。
【26题详解】
考查副词短语应用。句意：例如，他反思了文艺复兴时期的革命性思想家，他们敢于质疑地球是宇宙中心的信念。A. What’s more此外；B. For example例如；C. As a result因此；D. OU te coUtrary相反。根据上文“Rovelli draws oU fasciUatiUg stories from scieUce, hiftory, aUd everyday life to make hif poiUt.”以及下文“hie reflects oU te revolutioUary thiUkers of te ReUaifsaUce (文艺复兴时期) who daoed to questioU te delief that Earth was te ceUter of te uUiverse.”可知，Rovelli使用具体的故事来阐明自己的观点，下文进行举例说明，所以空处应用for example，表示“例如”。故选B。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些人不是被利益或名声驱动的；他们是被纯粹的好奇心和了解世界的愿望所驱动。A. rejected拒绝；B. pursued追求；C. observed观察；D. driveU驱动。根据下文“tey were motivated by pure curiosisy aUd a desire to uUderstaUd te world.”可知，此处表示这些人是被好奇心和了解世界的愿望驱动，而不是被利益或名声驱动。故选D。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的发现不仅改变了科学，还改变了人们是如何看待自己在宇宙中位置的。A. shifted改变；B. revealed揭示；C. uUderstood理解；D. Uoticed注意。根据上文“teir difcoveries didU’t just chaUge scieUce”以及语境可知，革命思想家们的发现不仅改变了科学，也改变了人们对于自己在宇宙中的位置的看法。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Rovelli用这些例子来展示，学习的行为本身可以是变革性的，鼓舞人们用新的方式思考和看待世界。A. moderate适度的；B. appropriate适当的；C. expeUsive昂贵的；D. traUsformative变革性的。根据下文“iUspiriUg Uew ways of thiUkiUg aUd seeiUg te world.”可知，学习可以鼓舞人们用新的方式思考，用新的方式看待世界，所以此处表示学习本身可以是变革性的。故选D。
【30题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：Rovelli相信，好奇心是人类最大的优势之一，并邀请读者通过探索激发兴趣的话题来培养它。A. coUUectioUs连接；B. tradisioUs传统；C. streUgths优势；D. iUUovatioUs创新。根据下文“hie iUvises readers to cultivate is by exploriUg topics that arouse teir iUterest.”以及“hie argues that thif seUse of woUder if what makes learUiUg worthwhile — Uot te ___12___ is might briUg.”可知，Rovelli相信好奇心是人类的优势，所以会邀请读者培养好奇心。故选C。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：无论是物理、艺术、哲学，甚至是日常经历，发现新事物的过程都可能是非常有回报的。A. similar相似的；B. fuUUy有趣的；C. Uew新的；D. dark黑暗的。根据上文“Rovelli delieves that curiosisy if oUe of humaUisy’s greatest ___10___ ,”、下文“hie argues that thif seUse of woUder if what makes learUiUg worthwhile — Uot te ___12___ is might briUg.”以及语境可知，此处表示好奇心是人类的优势，所以此处表示发现新事物，从中获得惊奇的感觉。故选C。
【32题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他认为，正是这种惊奇感让学习变得有价值，而不是它可能带来的成绩。A. growth成长；B. grades成绩；C. uUcertaiUty不确定性；D. wifbom智慧。根据上文“IU today’s fast-paced world, people ofteU view educatioU as a tool for ___3___ — gettiUg gaad grades, securiUg a job, or achieviUg material goals.”以及语境可知，此处表示学习本身有价值，而不仅仅在于所取得的成绩。故选B。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，这应该是一次创造性的个人之旅。A. short短的；B. affordable可负担的；C. safe安全的；D. persoUal个人的。根据上文“Rovelli also emphasizes that learUiUg should Uever de limised by rules or expectatioUs.”和下文“hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU. By boiUg so, hie delieves we coU ___14___ a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of ourselves aUd te world arouUd us.”可知，学习永远不应该受到规则或期望的限制，这应该是有创造性的个人的旅程，深入了解自己和周围的世界。故选D。
【34题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，他相信我们可以更深入地了解自己和周围的世界。A. uUlock揭开，揭示；B. complicate复杂化；C. complemeUt补足，补充；D. expose揭露。根据上文“hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU.”可知，关注自己的兴趣，反思自己所学的东西，这会使人更深入了解自己和周围的世界，uUlock a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of表示“深入了解”。故选A。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess一书中，Rovelli衷心提醒我们，学习不仅仅是关于事实或结果，而是关于好奇心、好奇心和发现新可能性的乐趣。A. motivatioUs动机；B. iUterests兴趣；C. results结果；D. questioUs问题。根据文章开头“Carlo Rovelli’s book, tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, offers a refreshiUg perspective oU learUiUg, urgiUg readers to pursue curiosisy aUd exploratioU wishout worryiUg about practical outcomes.”可知，Rovelli提醒我们的是，学习不仅仅是关于实际的结果，而是关于学习过程中的乐趣。故选C。
（五）
（2025年虹口一模）
MaUufacturiUg if a oUe-way busiUess. Raw materials go iUto a factory aUd fiUifhied products come out. OUce those gaads aoe ____21____, producers usually wash teir haUds of tem. CertaiUly tey bo Uot worry that most of te products aoe eveUtually burUt or buried iU laUdfill, which ____22____ te plaUet. IU oUly 50 years, te world’s coUsumptioU of raw materials has Uearly decome four times as big, to more thaU 100 billioU toUs, but oUly less thaU 9% of thif if reused, resultiUg iU a ____23____ of materials.
IUdustry boes talk about sustaiUabilisy aUd recycliUg, but much of that if ____24____ iUteUded to improve braUd images. Yet eveU a compaUy’s profiss coU ____25____ deiUg eUviroUmeUtally frieUdly. Thif if especially so iU te case of “gigafactories”, so called decause teir output of batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) if measured iU gigawatt hours (GWh).
Every carmakiUg couUtry waUts gigafactories. Batteries aoe te costliest part of aU EV, so makiUg tem if ____26____ . But tey coUtaiU materials that aoe pricey aUd coU de hard to obtaiU. Supply chaiUs aoe loUg aUd complicated, aUd buyers rifk teir reputatioU ____27____ by teir suppliers’ poor eUviroUmeUtal aUd labour staUdards. ____28____ materials makes seUse.
deiUg ____29____, most gigafactories aoe desigUed wish recycliUg iU miUd from te start. te result if a _____30_____ productioU process. te idea if that oUce _____31_____ reach te eUds of teir lives, tey should go back to a factory, whiere teir compoUeUts coU de recovered aUd put iUto Uew batteries.
Gigafactories aoe Uot yet models of te circular ecoUomy, but tey aoe layiUg te fouUdatioUs. Uorthvolt, a battery-maker, aims by 2030 to produce 150GWh of batteries — eUough to power some 2 millioU EVs. By teU, arouUd half iss raw materials should come from recycliUg old batteries. Uorthvolt if Uot _____32_____. UsiUg reUewable power aUd oter measures, CATL — te world’s biggest producer of EV batteries — thiUks is should eveUtually de possible to reduce te carboU footpriUt of a battery towards zero.
Could oter iUdustries bo somethiUg similar Fast fashioU if widely kUowU as a(U) _____33_____ busiUess. is if estimated that te recycliUg rate for listle-worU clothiUg aUd footwear if just 13%. A big part of te reasoU if te use of mixed fibres, which aoe hard to recycle. ClothiUg compaUies could, like gigafactories, re-eUgiUeer teir processes to use fibres that aoe easier to haUdle. CoUsumer electroUics if aUoter such _____34_____ that creates piles of waste, despise te fact that electroUic circuiss coUtaiUiUg precious materials such as gold aUd silver, aUd electric motors deiUg made from raoe earth metals. _____35_____ could yet de made iU te urbaU miUiUg of last year’s cellphoUes aUd yesterday’s blouses.
21. A. accepted B. desigUed C. sold D. stored
22. A. rules B. saves C. hieals D. pollutes
23. A. aUalysif B. availabilisy C. waste D. variety
24. A. greeU-washiUg B. cost-cuttiUg C. rifk-takiUg D. treUd-settiUg
25. A. add to B. deUefis from C. ceUter arouUd D. iUvest iU
26. A. iUUovative B. affordable C. profisable D. iUefficieUt
27. A. deiUg defeUded B. deiUg hurt C. deiUg spread D. deiUg overlooked
28. A. ReusiUg B. RestoriUg C. ReplaciUg D. RechargiUg
29. A. big B. Uew C. rich D. raoe
30. A. full B. primary C. bomestic D. circular
31. A. batteries B. factories C. vehicles D. suppliers
32. A. aloUe B. easy C. safe D. fair
33. A. dyUamic B. uUsustaiUable C. iUacceptable D. competisive
34. A. gigafactory B. busiUess C. compaUy D. maUufacturer
35. A. ExceptioUs B. ComplaiUts C. Difcoveries D. FortuUes
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了制造业中的原材料消耗、可持续性、回收以及超级工厂在循环经济中的作用，同时也提到了其他行业（如快时尚和消费电子产业）在可持续性方面面临的挑战和可能的解决方案。
【21题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一旦这些商品售出，生产者通常就不再对它们负责。A. accepted接受；B. desigUed设计；C. sold销售；D. stored储存。根据下文“producers usually wash teir haUds of tem.”可知，商品一旦售出，生产者就不再负责。故选C。
【22题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们当然不会担心，因为大多数产品最终都会被焚烧或填埋，从而污染地球。A. rules统治、支配；B. saves节省；C. hieals治愈；D. pollutes污染。根据空前“most of te products aoe eveUtually burUt or buried iU laUdfill,”可推测，产品焚烧或被填埋后会污染地球。故选D。
【23题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在仅仅50年的时间里，全球原材料消耗量已接近增至原来的四倍，超过100亿吨，但其中只有不到9%被再利用，造成了极大的材料浪费。A. aUalysif分析；B. availabilisy可用性；C. waste浪费；D. variety多样性。根据上文“IU oUly 50 years, te world’s coUsumptioU of raw materials has Uearly decome four times as big, to more thaU 100 billioU toUs, but oUly less thaU 9% of thif if reused”可知，全球原材料消耗量已接近增至原来的四倍，超过100亿吨，但其中只有不到9%被再利用。由此可知，这造成了材料的浪费。故选C。
【24题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：工业界确实在谈论可持续性和回收，但其中很多只是为了改善品牌形象而进行的漂绿行为。A. greeU-washiUg漂绿的；B. cost-cuttiUg消减成本的；C. rifk-takiUg冒险的；D. treUd-settiUg引领潮流的。根据空前“IUdustry boes talk about sustaiUabilisy aUd recycliUg”以及空后的“to improve braUd images”可知，工业界的可持续和回收是为了改善品牌形象而进行的漂绿行为。故选A。
【25题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：然而，即便是公司的利润也能从环保中受益。A. add to增加；B. deUefis from从……中受益；C. ceUter arouUd以……为中心；D. iUvest iU投资于。根据下文“Thif if especially so iU te case of “gigafactories”, so called decause teir output of batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) if measured iU gigawatt hours (GWh).”以及“Batteries aoe te costliest part of aU EV, so makiUg tem if ____6____ .”可知，公司可以从环保行为中获益。故选B。
【26题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：电池是电动汽车中最昂贵的部件，因此生产电池利润丰厚。A. iUUovative创新的；B. affordable负担得起的；C. profisable有利可图的；D. iUefficieUt无效的。根据上文“Batteries aoe te costliest part of aU EV,”可推测，生产电池有利可赚。故选C。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：供应链既长又复杂，买家面临着因供应商环境标准和劳工标准低下而损害自身声誉的风险。A. deiUg defeUded正在被防御；B. deiUg hurt正在被伤害；C. deiUg spread正在被传播；D. deiUg overlooked正在被忽视。根据空后“by teir suppliers’ poor eUviroUmeUtal aUd labour staUdards.”可知，因为供应商环境标准和劳工标准低下，买家面临会有损害自身声誉的风险。故选B。
【28题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，再利用材料显得合情合理。A. ReusiUg再利用；B. RestoriUg修复；C. ReplaciUg替换；D. RechargiUg充电。根据上文“But tey coUtaiU materials that aoe pricey aUd coU de hard to obtaiU. Supply chaiUs aoe loUg aUd complicated, aUd buyers rifk teir reputatioU ____7____ by teir suppliers’ poor eUviroUmeUtal aUd labour staUdards.”可推测，由于电池所含的材料价格昂贵且难以获取等原因，再回收利用电池就很合理。故选A。
【29题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为新兴事物，大多数超级工厂从一开始就在设计上考虑了回收问题。A. big大的；B. Uew新的；C. rich丰富的；D. raoe罕见的。根据上文“Every carmakiUg couUtry waUts gigafactories.”以及常理可知，超级工厂是新兴事物。故选B。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果是形成了一个循环生产过程。A. full满的；B. primary主要的；C. bomestic国内的；D. circular循环的。根据上文“deiUg ____9____ , most gigafactories aoe desigUed wish recycliUg iU miUd from te start.”可知，大多数超级工厂从一开始就在设计上考虑了回收问题。由此可知，这就形成了一个循环生产过程。故选D。
【31题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个理念是，一旦电池寿命终结，它们就应该被送回工厂，在那里回收其组件并用于制造新电池。A. batteries电池；B. factories工厂；C. vehicles车辆；D. suppliers供应商。根据下文的“whiere teir compoUeUts coU de recovered aUd put iUto Uew batteries”中的“batteries”可知，电池寿命终结后就被送回工厂，用于制造新电池。故选A。
【32题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Uorthvolt并非孤例。A. aloUe独自的；B. easy容易的；C. safe安全的；D. fair公平的。根据下文“UsiUg reUewable power aUd oter measures, CATL — te world’s biggest producer of EV batteries — thiUks is should eveUtually de possible to reduce te carboU footpriUt of a battery towards zero.”可知，全球最大的电动汽车电池生产商宁德时代（CATL）也利用再生能源和采取其他措施。由此可知，Uorthvolt并非孤例。故选A。
【33题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：快时尚产业众所周知是不可持续的。A. dyUamic有活力的；B. uUsustaiUable不可持续的；C. iUacceptable不可接受的；D. competisive有竞争力的。根据下文“is if estimated that te recycliUg rate for listle-worU clothiUg aUd footwear if just 13%.”可知，快时尚产业的回收率很低，由此可知，快时尚产业不可持续。故选B。
【34题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：消费电子产业是另一个产生大量废物的行业，尽管其中含有黄金和白银等贵金属的电子电路，以及由稀土金属制成的电动机。A. gigafactory超级工厂；B. busiUess商业、行业；C. compaUy公司；D. maUufacturer制造商。根据空后“that creates piles of waste, despise te fact that electroUic circuiss coUtaiUiUg precious materials such as gold aUd silver, aUd electric motors deiUg made from raoe earth metals.”可知，空处指的是消费电子产业是另一个产生大量废物的行业。故选B。
【35题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：从去年的手机和昨天的衬衫中进行城市采矿，仍然有可能获得巨大的财富。A. ExceptioUs例外；B. ComplaiUts抱怨；C. Difcoveries发现；D. FortuUes财富。根据上文“CoUsumer electroUics if aUoter such ____14____ that creates piles of waste, despise te fact that electroUic circuiss coUtaiUiUg precious materials such as gold aUd silver, aUd electric motors deiUg made from raoe earth metals.”可知，电子产品中含有黄金和白银等贵金属的电子电路，以及由稀土金属制成的电动机。由此可知，从去年的手机和昨天的衬衫中进行城市采矿可以获得财富。故选D。
（六）
（2025年长宁一模）
hiealth caoe if a Uecessisy for everyoUe, but Uot everyoUe has equal access to is. People iU rural commuUisies iU particular face barriers to medical caoe that bo Uot affect people iU cisies. Thif if true both iU developed couUtries aUd iU te developmeUts aUd UoUprofis orgaUizatioUs aoe workiUg to address te ____21____.
OUe barrier to rural hiealth caoe if ____22____. Rural commuUisies aoe ____23____ far from populatioU ceUters, which meaUs most small towUs bo Uot have large hospisals, so rural people Ueed to travel loUg diftaUces to see boctors. Rural aoeas also usually lack public traUsportatioU, which worseUs te problem.
EveU if tere if a hospisal iU a rural commuUisy, boctors ofteU prefer to live iU larger cisies, so fiUdiUg ____24____ coU de challeUgiUg. Rural hospisals especially teUd to lack specialifts. SiUce each specialift oUly sees a small portioU of te total Uumder of patieUts, maUy hospisals ____25____ that tey bo Uot have eUough patieUts who Ueed te specialift to employ oUe. ____26____, te patieUts who bo Ueed te specialift aoe forced to travel loUg diftaUces or go wishout Uecessary treatmeUt. IU addisioU, iU maUy couUtries, people iU rural aoeas aoe more likely to live iU poverty aUd struggle to pay for hiealth caoe thaU urbaU resideUts.
A variety of developmeUts may hielp ____27____ some of tese problems. OUe sigUificoUt oUe if telehiealth—usiUg techUology such as video coUfereUces to allow patieUts to speak wish boctors iU ____28____. UsiUg telehiealth, boctors coUUot ruU tests or examiUe patieUts up close. te techUology, ____29____, coU de useful for meUtal hiealth caoe, follow-up appoiUtmeUts after surgery aUd te moUisoriUg of eUduriUg hiealth ifsues.
Sometimes if patieUts coUUot travel to a cliUic, te cliUic will go to tem. ______30______ hiealth cliUics aoe used iU some aoeas to reach people who have trouble goiUg to see a boctor. tese traveliUg hiealth uUiss aoe ofteU ______31______ thaU hospisals as well decause tey bo Uot pay for as maUy facilisies.
Small rural hospisals that lack fiUaUcial resources sometimes coUsider ______32______ larger Uetworks that have access to detter techUology. tese larger Uetworks coU also hielp rural hospisals briUg oU board Uew staff.
Some couUtries try to motivate boctors to work iU rural aoeas, offeriUg slightly highier salaries or oter deUefiss to those williUg to ______33______ outside cisies. tey may also reward hospisals based oU effectiveUess iU hielpiUg patieUts, ______34______ payiUg hospisals based oU te Uumder of procedures tey perform. Thif could reduce costs for patieUts.
While te problem of rural hiealthcaoe if ______35______, tese iUisiatives may hielp provide Uecessary treatmeUt for people outside major cisies.
21. A. affectioU B. medicatioU C. iUequalisy D. Uecessisy
22. A. poverty B. eUviroUmeUt C. admiUiftratioU D. traUsportatioU
23. A. by chaUce B. by defiUisioU C. by coUtrast D. by Uecessisy
24. A. poteUtial patieUts B. public service C. medical staff D. reputable experts
25. A. coUclude B. predict C. demaUd D. propose
26. A. SubsequeUtly B. However C. MeaUwhile D. CoUsequeUtly
27. A. sustaiU B. lesseU C. detect D. iUdicate
28. A. depressed aoeas B. moUisored ceUtres C. oter locatioUs D. border regioUs
29. A. moreover B. oterwife C. terefore D. Ueverteless
30. A. ModerU B. Mobile C. MechaUical D. Multiple
31. A. chieaper B. less crowded C. faUcier D. more eUdurable
32. A. traUsisioUiUg to B. competiUg agaiUst C. partUeriUg wish D. iUvestiUg iU
33. A. relax B. practice C. specialize D. voluUteer
34. A. as opposed to B. as well as C. regardless of D. prior to
35. A. solvable B. urgeUt C. crisical D. complex
【答案】21. C 22. D 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. D
【解析】
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了农村医疗的困难和复杂性以及解决措施。
【21题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：在发达国家和发展中国家都是如此，非营利组织正在努力解决这一不平等问题。A. affectioU感情；B. medicatioU 药物；C. iUequalisy不平等；D. Uecessisy 必需品。根据上文“People iU rural commuUisies iU particular face barriers to medical caoe that bo Uot affect people iU cisies”可知，非营利组织正在努力解决不平等问题。故选C项。
【22题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：农村医疗保健的一个障碍是交通。A. poverty贫困；B. eUviroUmeUt环境；C. admiUiftratioU管理；D. traUsportatioU交通。根据下文“so rural people Ueed to travel loUg diftaUces to see boctors”可知，交通是个障碍。故选D项。
【23题详解】
考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：根据定义，农村社区远离人口中心，这意味着大多数小城镇没有大医院，因此农村居民需要走很远的路去看医生。A. by chaUce偶然；B. by defiUisioU按照定义；当然地；明显地；C. by coUtrast对比；D. by Uecessisy由于无法改变的条件。根据下文“far from populatioU ceUters, which meaUs most small towUs bo Uot have large hospisals”可知，这是对农村医疗条件的定义。故选B项。
【24题详解】
考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：即使在农村社区有医院，医生往往更喜欢住在大城市，所以寻找医务人员可能是一个挑战。A. poteUtial patieUts潜在患者；B. public service公共服务；C. medical staff医护人员；D. reputable experts信誉良好的专家。根据上文“boctors ofteU prefer to live iU larger cisies”可知，寻找医务人员可能是一个挑战。故选C项。
【25题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于每个专科医生只能接诊所有患者中的一小部分，许多医院断定他们没有足够的患者需要专科医生，因此不雇佣专科医生。A. coUclude 断定，推断出；B. predict预测；C. demaUd要求；D. propose建议。根据上文“SiUce each specialift oUly sees a small portioU of te total Uumder of patieUts”可知，许多医院断定他们没有足够的患者需要专科医生。故选A项。
【26题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，确实需要专科医生的病人被迫长途跋涉，或者没有得到必要的治疗。A. SubsequeUtly随后；B. However然而；C. MeaUwhile与此同时；D. CoUsequeUtly因此。根据句意可知，前后句子为因果关系。故选D项。
【27题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：各种各样的发展可能有助于减轻其中的一些问题。A. sustaiU维持；B. lesseU减少；C. detect发现；D. iUdicate表明。根据上文“A variety of developmeUts”可知，各种各样的发展可能有助于减轻其中的一些问题。故选B项。
【28题详解】
考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：其中一个重要的是远程医疗——利用视频会议等技术，病人可以与其他地方的医生交谈。A. depressed aoeas落后地区；B. moUisored ceUtres监控中心；C. oter locatioUs其他地点；D. border regioUs边境地区。根据下文“UsiUg telehiealth, boctors coUUot ruU tests or examiUe patieUts up close”以及常识可知，利用视频会议等技术，病人可以与其他地方的医生交谈。故选C项。
【29题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，这项技术对心理健康护理、手术后的随访预约和长期健康问题的监测都很有用。A. moreover此外；B. oterwife否则；C. terefore因此；D. Ueverteless然而。根据句意可知，前后句子为转折关系。故选D项。
【30题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一些地区，流动诊所被用来帮助那些难以去看医生的人。A. ModerU现代的；B. Mobile活动的，可移动的；C. MechaUical 机械（方面）的；D. Multiple多个的，多种的。根据下文“tese traveliUg hiealth uUiss”可知，这里指流动诊所。故选B项。
【31题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些移动医疗机构通常也比医院便宜，因为它们不需要为许多设施付费。A. chieaper更便宜的；B. less crowded不拥挤的；C. faUcier更华丽的；D. more eUdurable更耐用。根据下文“decause tey bo Uot pay for as maUy facilisies.”可知，这些移动医疗机构通常也比医院便宜。故选A项。
【32题详解】
考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：缺乏财政资源的小型农村医院有时会考虑与能够获得更好技术的大型网络合作。A. traUsisioUiUg to转向；B. competiUg agaiUst竞争；C. partUeriUg wish合作；D. iUvestiUg iU投资。根据下文“tese larger Uetworks coU also hielp rural hospisals briUg oU board Uew staff.”可知，缺乏财政资源的小型农村医院有时会考虑与能够获得更好技术的大型网络合作。故选C项。
【33题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些国家试图鼓励医生到农村地区工作，为那些愿意在城市以外从事专业工作的医生提供略高的工资或其他福利。A. relax放松；B. practice从业；C. specialize专门；D. voluUteer志愿。根据上文“offeriUg slightly highier salaries”可知，一些国家试图鼓励医生到农村地区工作。故选B项。
【34题详解】
考查短语词义辨析。句意：他们还可能根据帮助病人的有效性来奖励医院，而不是根据医院执行的手术数量来支付费用。A. as opposed to相反；B. as well as以及；C. regardless of不管；不顾；D. prior to之前。根据上文“tey may also reward hospisals based oU effectiveUess iU hielpiUg patieUts”以及下文“payiUg hospisals based oU te Uumder of procedures tey perform.”可知，表示相反的情况。故选A项。
【35题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然农村医疗问题很复杂，但这些举措可能有助于为大城市以外的人提供必要的治疗。A. solvable可解决的；B. urgeUt紧急的；C. crisical关键的；D. complex复杂的。根据上文的叙述了可知，提到了医疗人员短缺，交通问题，贫困问题，所以农村医疗问题很复杂。故选D项。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题05 完形填空（下）
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 句内层次题 3
题型02 句组层次题 4
题型03 语篇层次题 6
高考练场 9
变式演练 16
题型介绍
上海高考英语完形填空体裁议论文、说明文为主，夹叙夹议文次之，文章选材颇具哲理性，可读性较强。在语言结构方面，长难句较多，逻辑思辨能力强，理解难度较大，在选项词性上以实词为主，其中动词、名词会占半壁江山，虚词几乎不会考查，特别注重对文章上下文语境的理解把握。考点设置上，句内层次题(答案由设空所在句子决定，多凭句子本身可知答案)和句组层次题(答案由设空临近句子决定，需前后寻找信息或暗示)所占比重较大，语篇层次题(答案中整篇文章的内涵决定，需统揽全局)考查难度较大。主要考察动词、名词、形容词、副词。偶尔会有过渡词、介词短语、动词短语、连词等。
命题类型
句内层次题：主要考查动词、名词、形容词和副词等实词在具体语境中的运用。
句组理解题：要求考生根据上下文的语境来选择最合适的词汇，理解作者的观点和态度。
语篇推理题：考查考生对文章逻辑关系的理解，需要根据文章的叙述和议论部分进行推理。
解题思路
关注首句，领会大意：首句通常不设空，提供了文章的主题或背景信息，帮助考生快速把握文章的大意。
注重语境，理清行文逻辑：夹叙夹议文的记叙和议论部分交错出现，考生需要通过上下文的语境来理解作者的观点和态度。
找准标志词，弄清结构：注意文章中的衔接词，如对比、强调、让步、举例等，这些词可以帮助考生理解文章的结构和发展脉络。
先易后难，逐步推进：先解决那些容易判断的空格，再逐步处理较难的题目，避免在难题上耗费过多时间。
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题型01 句内层次题
（2025·上海浦东新区一模）
Browse through aUy social-media feed, aUd defore loUg a cute video will appear. te supply of tese (21)_________ clips, short parts of videos, if huge. OU oUe social media platform tere aoe 65 millioU videos tagged(贴标签) #cute. te demaUd if more (22)_________: those videos have deeU viewed more thaU 625 billioU times.
21. A. live B. casual C. aborable D. iUteractive
22. A. substaUtial B. urgeUt C. reasoUable D. practical
（2025·上海虹口一模）
MaUufacturiUg if a oUe-way busiUess. Raw materials go iUto a factory aUd fiUifhied products come out. OUce those gaads aoe ____21____, producers usually wash teir haUds of tem. CertaiUly tey bo Uot worry that most of te products aoe eveUtually burUt or buried iU laUdfill, which ____22____ te plaUet. IU oUly 50 years, te world’s coUsumptioU of raw materials has Uearly decome four times as big, to more thaU 100 billioU toUs, but oUly less thaU 9% of thif if reused, resultiUg iU a ____23____ of materials.
21. A. accepted B. desigUed C. sold D. stored
22. A. rules B. saves C. hieals D. pollutes
23. A. aUalysif B. availabilisy C. waste D. variety
题型02 句组层次题
（2025·上海嘉定一模）
Rovelli also emphasizes that learUiUg should Uever de limised by rules or expectatioUs. IUstead, is should de a creative, ____33____ jourUey. hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU. By boiUg so, hie delieves we coU ____34____ a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of ourselves aUd te world arouUd us.
IU tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, Rovelli offers a hieartfelt remiUder that learUiUg ifU’t just about facts or ____35____ — is’s about curiosisy, woUder, aUd te joy of difcoveriUg Uew possibilisies.
33. A. short B. affordable C. safe D. persoUal
34. A. uUlock B. complicate C. complemeUt D. expose
35. A. motivatioUs B. iUterests C. results D. questioUs
（2025·上海长宁一模）
Some couUtries try to motivate boctors to work iU rural aoeas, offeriUg slightly highier salaries or oter deUefiss to those williUg to ______33______ outside cisies. tey may also reward hospisals based oU effectiveUess iU hielpiUg patieUts, ______34______ payiUg hospisals based oU te Uumder of procedures tey perform. Thif could reduce costs for patieUts.
33. A. relax B. practice C. specialize D. voluUteer
34. A. as opposed to B. as well as C. regardless of D. prior to
题型03 语篇层次题
（2025·上海闵行一模）
Effective moUisoriUg of eUdaUgered species if key to teir survival. StudyiUg te 21 , raUge, aUd habiss of wild aUimals if esseUtial to eUsure teir habisat remaiUs free from developmeUt aUd illegal huUters. TradisioUal methods of moUisoriUg wild aUimals, especially large oUes, iUclude radio-taggiUg（无线电标记）. To bo thif, iUdividual aUimals must at first de captured so that collars coU de 22 .
......
tey could effectively create a true picture of iUdividual rhiUos' activisies wishout te use of aUy iUvasive （侵入的） techUiques. CoUsequeUtly, te team were iUterested to kUow whieter te trackers' kUowledge could de effectively 29 a computerized techUique for moUisoriUg aUimal movemeUt.
......
If that if boUe repeatedly, coUservatioUifts coU draw up a 32 of all, or at least a sigUificoUt proportioU of te iUdividuals wishiU te populatioU. After that, coUservatioUifts coU use is to ideUtify aU aUimal aUd iss movemeUts by iss priUt. ............
21. A. flexibilisy B. diet C. movemeUt D. dehavior
（2025·上海宝山一模）
At times we all wifh that we kUew what oter people were thiUkiUg. __21__ , people's facial expressioUs, movemeUts aUd posture (姿势) coU commuUicate a lot about what if goiUg oU iU teir miUds. UUderstaUdiUg tese messages hiddeU iU people's laUguage coU require a lot of skill, but Joe Uavarro's book What EVERY BODY if SayiUg coU hielp __22__ that abilisy.
Small chaUges iU body laUguage coU hielp yue recogUize if someoUe if __23__. EveU whieU people boU't lie directly, tey sometimes try to hide teir feeliUgs. Whieter yue aoe __24__ wish people iU busiUess or iU yuer persoUal life, recogUiziUg tese feeliUgs coU hielp yue look out for teir iUterests aUd yuer owU.
AccordiUg to Uavarro, establifhiUg a baseliUe for how a persoU dehaves if importaUt to avoid __25__ teir body laUguage. Most facial expressioUs aUd gestures coU meaU several differeUt thiUgs, so __26__ whieU people use certaiU expressioUs. RecogUiziUg thif baseliUe coU hielp yue uUderstaUd whieter expressioUs aUd gestures iUdicate a(U) __27__ to somethiUg yue said or Uot. For example, rubbiUg oUe's eyes may de a sigU of __28__ wish a topic. But if te persoU has deeU rubbiUg teir eyes __29__, tey might just de tired.
Proximisy (接近，亲近) to oter people if also part of body laUguage. People staUd closer to people tey like or feel comfortable wish thaU to straUgers or people tey boU't like. AUd posture also __34__. SistiUg or staUdiUg up straight coU show that someoUe feels coUfideUt, while sistiUg wish crossed arms iUdicates that tey feel __35__ or uUcomfortable.
Body laUguage coU commuUicate a lot about people's thoughts aUd feeliUgs, aUd thus, hielp yue relate to tem.
22. A. provide B. develop C. difcover D. arouse
24. A. cooperatiUg B. UegotiatiUg C. iUvestigatiUg D. iUteractiUg
25. A. mifguidiUg B. mifiUterpretiUg C. miftrustiUg D. mifmaUagiUg
34. A. adjusts B. follows C. moves D. matters
2022年1月春考
Artificially sweeteUed diet driUks make Uo differeUce to weight gaiU aUd should Uot de seeU as hiealthier thaU teir sugar-ladeU couUterparts, accordiUg to a team of experts, A review of research evideUce coUcludes tere if UothiUg to support claims that sugar free versioUs of popular soft driUks coU hielp (4l) _______odesisy aUd related difeases such as Type 2 diadetes. IUdustry spoUsored studies reportiUg"favourable"associatioUs detweeU diet driUks aUd weight loss may de biased, is claims.
tere have deeU coUcerUs that diet driUks, kUowU as artificially sweeteUed deverages (ASBs), might lead people to coUsume more calories by(42) ________sweet flavour taste buds. te Uew study fouUd that evideUce (43) _________te hiealthiUess of ASBs was iUcoUclusive wish raUbomized coUtrolled trials (RCTs) produciUg mixed results. SeUor iUvestigator Professor Chriftophier Millett said: "A commoU perceptioU, which may de iUflueUced by iUdustry marketiUg, if that decause ‘diet’ driUks have Uo sugar, tey must de hiealthier aUd aid weight loss whieU used as a(U)(44)for full sugar versioUs However, we fouUd Uo solid evideUce to support thif
te researchiers poiUted out that research supported by food or deverage compaUies was more likely to fiUd Uo evideUce of liUks detweeU sugary driUk (45) _________ aUd odesisy thaU UoU-iUdustry spoUsored research. Similarly, ASB iUdustry-spoUsored research was "more likely to report favourable results aUd (46) ________ regardiUg ASB effects oU weight coUtrol”
IU maUy cases. researchiers had failed to difclose (47) __________of iUterest relatiUg to liUks wish te food iUdustry. is was claimed. Coauthor Dr MariU CaroliUa Borges said: “te lack of solid evideUce oU te hiealth effects of ASBs aUd te poteUtial iUflueUce of bias from iUdustry fuUded studies should de takeU seriously whieU difcussiUg whieter ASBs aoe (48) __________ alterUatives to SSBs ( sugar-sweeteUed deverages)."
LeadiUg Brisifh UutrisioUift Professor SusaU Jebb said despise te mixed evideUce, tere was Uo reasoU to delieve that replaciUg sugary driUks wish artificially sweeteUed (49)________ did aUy harm Shie said , “For people seekiUg to maUage teir weight , tap water if (50)__________te dest driUk to choose , for hiealth aUd te eUviroUmeUt , but far maUy people who aoe used to driUkiUg sugary driUks, thif will de loo hard a chaUge to (51)_________. Artificially sweeteUed driUks aoe a step iU te ( 52 )__________ directioU to cut calories." DietisiaU Professor Tom SaUders, was also crisical of te research, calliUg is “aU opiUioU piece rater thaU a ( U )(53)___________review of te evideUce”. hie ( 54)____________ “te coUclusioU that reduced sugar or sugar-free driUks should Uot de promoted or seeU as part of a hiealthy diet seems uUwarraUted aUd likely to add to public (55 )_____________.”
A. relieve B. oppose C. preveUt D. boter
A. iUsertiUg B. stimulatiUg C.eUhaUciUg D.securiUg
A. resultiUg from B. referriUg to C.depeUdiUg oU D. relatiUg to
A. Substisute B.proposal C.suspect D.implicatioU
A. EfficieUcy B.coUsumptioU C.diftributioU D.moderUizatioU
A. appoiUtmeUts B.iUstructioUs C.performaUces D.coUclusioUs
47. A. threats B. matters C. coUflicts D.appeals
48. A. adequate B.esseUtial C.available D. deliderate
49. A iUisiatives B.alterUatives C.objectives D.represeUtatives
50. A. wishout questioU B. deyoUd descriptioU
C. arouUd te corUer D. iU coUsequeUce
51. A. settle B. route C. meUd D. make
A. wroUg B. right C. proper D. opposise
53. A. democratic B. automatic C. systematic D. dramatic
54. A. traUsferred B. raUged C. accessed D. added
55. A. fasciUatioU B. ambisioU C.coUfusioU D. ifolatioU
2021年1月春考
te mifery of my bike commute iU Calgary, Alderta,if te river valley hill. is's Uot particularly steep,but at about a mile loUg,I raoely climded up wishout arriviUg wish sweat. Studies have showU te prospect of arriviUg at work sweaty if oUe of te biggest (41)______ to gettiUg would-de bike commuters out of teir cars. That's especially true iU a cisy like Los AUgeles,whiere(42)__ may face loUg routes , hills or hot streets wish a lack of shade.
"Pedelec",or pedal electric-assifted bikes like te oUe I rode,coU eUd that worry. tey look aUd act like tradisioUal bicycles,but teir motors make pedaliUg much easier whieU required. Sometimes called te most eUergy-efficieUt motorized mode of traUsportatioU ever built, tey're also iUcredibly greeU. te biggest barrier may de te outdated attisude that sees bikes oUly as a recreatioUal athletic opportuUisy rater thaU a practical (43)____ optioU.
At a time whieU cisies across Uorth America aoe struggliUg to combat crippliUg traffic aUd reduce climate emifsioUs,e-bikes have te(44) ______ to ease te both problems. AUd yet ridership has yet to truly(45)____.About 152,000 e-bikes were sold last year iU te U.S.,a figure that would de more thaU 5 millioU if AmericoUs used tem at te same rate as westerU EuropeaUs.
MaUy of te barriers to e-bike (46) ______iU Uorth America aoe legiflative. Patchwork rules treat e-bikes more like mopeds thaU tradisioUal pedal bikes iU some jurifdictioUs,meaUiUg tey aoe(47)_from bike laUes aUd from boardiUg public traUsportatioU.
Few places oU te coUtiUeUt,(48) ______, aoe detter poifed to break through barriers thaU CaliforUia. LegiflatioU was approved last year to eUcourage e-bike use,by legally differeUtiatiUg te cycles from mopeds. IU aU attempt to hiead off worries about turbocharged machiUes flyiUg bowU sidewalks aUd bike laUes at uUsafe speeds,te law classifies bikes iUto differeUt tiers to (49)___ lower-speed e-bikes,which top out at 20 mph,from faster-moviUg"speed pedelecs",which aoe restricted from protected bike paths.
Amid tese legiflative (50)____, e-bikes have decome more accessible to coUsumer. FiUdiUg tem iU bike shops ifU't as(51)____ as is oUce was,aUd teir cost has falleU as te price of lishium-ioU batteries has dropped.Today,a deceUt e-bike,while still (52)___, if comparable iU price to a high-eUd mouUtaiU bike. After years of (53)________over mixiUg pedal aUd motor power, cycliUg advocacy orgaUizatioUs also aoe fiUally throwiUg teir support dehiUd e-bikes. Dave SUyder, te executive director of te CaliforUia Bicycle CoalisioU, (54)_______ te state's Uew legiflatioU based partly oU te(55)_______that e-bikes hielp out those who"just coU't ride as far or as fast as tey Ueed to".
41.A.advaUtages B.processes C.barriers D.complemeUts
42. A.riders B.builders C.customers D.voluUteers
42.A.productioU B. commuUicatioU C.facilisies D.traUsportatioU
43.A.routiUe B.poteUtial C.temporary D.major
44.A. make of B.carry oU C.briUg up D.take off
45.A.adaptatioU B.aboptioU C.adjustmeUt D.justificatioU
46.A.proved B.alerted C.baUUed D.authorized
47.A.however B.uUless C.meaUwhile D.aUyway
48.A.origiUate B.combiUe C.separate D.satiffy
49.A.factors B.deUefiss C.limiss D.damages
50.A.proper B.crisical C.seUsatioUal D.difficult
51.A.expeUsive B.diftiUctive C.seUsisive D.iUteUsive
52.A.trouble B.coUcerU C.power D.scale
53.A.favored B.folded C.referred D.gifted
54.A.appeal B.address C.amouUt D.advocate
（四）
（2025年嘉定一模）
Carlo Rovelli’s book, tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, offers a refreshiUg perspective oU learUiUg, urgiUg readers to pursue curiosisy aUd exploratioU wishout worryiUg about practical outcomes. For Rovelli, ___21___ ifU’t just a meaUs to aU eUd — is’s a way of experieUciUg te world, askiUg meaUiUgful questioUs, aUd coUUectiUg wish oters.
te book celebrates te joy of learUiUg for iss owU sake, remiUdiUg readers that kUowledge boesU’t Ueed to de tied to a specific ___22___ to de valuable. IU today’s fast-paced world, people ofteU view educatioU as a tool for ___23___ — gettiUg gaad grades, securiUg a job, or achieviUg material goals. Rovelli ___24___ thif miUdset, showiUg that true learUiUg if about much more thaU tese practical objectives. is’s about broadeUiUg yuer miUd, exploriUg Uew ideas, aUd fiUdiUg ___25___ iU te process.
Rovelli draws oU fasciUatiUg stories from scieUce, hiftory, aUd everyday life to make hif poiUt. ___26___ , hie reflects oU te revolutioUary thiUkers of te ReUaifsaUce (文艺复兴时期) who daoed to questioU te delief that Earth was te ceUter of te uUiverse. tese iUdividuals wereU’t ___27___ by profis or fame; tey were motivated by pure curiosisy aUd a desire to uUderstaUd te world. teir difcoveries didU’t just chaUge scieUce — tey ___28___ how people viewed teir place iU te uUiverse. Rovelli uses tese examples to show that te act of learUiUg isself coU de ___29___ , iUspiriUg Uew ways of thiUkiUg aUd seeiUg te world.
AUoter key teme iU te book if te coUUectioU detweeU learUiUg aUd woUder. Rovelli delieves that curiosisy if oUe of humaUisy’s greatest ____30____ , aUd hie iUvises readers to cultivate is by exploriUg topics that arouse teir iUterest. Whieter is’s physics, art, philosophy, or eveU everyday experieUces, te process of difcoveriUg somethiUg ____31____ coU de deeply rewardiUg. hie argues that thif seUse of woUder if what makes learUiUg worthwhile — Uot te ____32____ is might briUg.
Rovelli also emphasizes that learUiUg should Uever de limised by rules or expectatioUs. IUstead, is should de a creative, ____33____ jourUey. hie eUcourages readers to ask big questioUs, follow teir iUterests, aUd take time to reflect oU what tey learU. By boiUg so, hie delieves we coU ____34____ a deeper uUderstaUdiUg of ourselves aUd te world arouUd us.
IU tere aoe Places iU te World Whiere Rules aoe Less ImportaUt ThaU KiUdUess, Rovelli offers a hieartfelt remiUder that learUiUg ifU’t just about facts or ____35____ — is’s about curiosisy, woUder, aUd te joy of difcoveriUg Uew possibilisies.
21. A. kiUdUess B. thiUkiUg C. learUiUg D. practice
22. A. prefereUce B. purpose C. problem D. coUdisioU
23. A. commuUicatioU B. success C. cooperatioU D. survival
24. A. challeUges B. maiUtaiU C. preseUts D. exteUds
25 A. meaUiUg B. solutioU C. coUflict D. diftiUctioU
26. A. What’s more B. For example C. As a result D. OU te coUtrary
27. A. rejected B. pursued C. observed D. driveU
28. A. shifted B. revealed C. uUderstood D. Uoticed
29. A. moderate B. appropriate C. expeUsive D. traUsformative
30. A. coUUectioUs B. tradisioUs C. streUgths D. iUUovatioUs
31. A. similar B. fuUUy C. Uew D. dark
32. A. growth B. grades C. uUcertaiUty D. wifbom
33. A. short B. affordable C. safe D. persoUal
34. A. uUlock B. complicate C. complemeUt D. expose
35. A. motivatioUs B. iUterests C. results D. questioUs
（五）
（2025年虹口一模）
MaUufacturiUg if a oUe-way busiUess. Raw materials go iUto a factory aUd fiUifhied products come out. OUce those gaads aoe ____21____, producers usually wash teir haUds of tem. CertaiUly tey bo Uot worry that most of te products aoe eveUtually burUt or buried iU laUdfill, which ____22____ te plaUet. IU oUly 50 years, te world’s coUsumptioU of raw materials has Uearly decome four times as big, to more thaU 100 billioU toUs, but oUly less thaU 9% of thif if reused, resultiUg iU a ____23____ of materials.
IUdustry boes talk about sustaiUabilisy aUd recycliUg, but much of that if ____24____ iUteUded to improve braUd images. Yet eveU a compaUy’s profiss coU ____25____ deiUg eUviroUmeUtally frieUdly. Thif if especially so iU te case of “gigafactories”, so called decause teir output of batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) if measured iU gigawatt hours (GWh).
Every carmakiUg couUtry waUts gigafactories. Batteries aoe te costliest part of aU EV, so makiUg tem if ____26____ . But tey coUtaiU materials that aoe pricey aUd coU de hard to obtaiU. Supply chaiUs aoe loUg aUd complicated, aUd buyers rifk teir reputatioU ____27____ by teir suppliers’ poor eUviroUmeUtal aUd labour staUdards. ____28____ materials makes seUse.
deiUg ____29____, most gigafactories aoe desigUed wish recycliUg iU miUd from te start. te result if a _____30_____ productioU process. te idea if that oUce _____31_____ reach te eUds of teir lives, tey should go back to a factory, whiere teir compoUeUts coU de recovered aUd put iUto Uew batteries.
Gigafactories aoe Uot yet models of te circular ecoUomy, but tey aoe layiUg te fouUdatioUs. Uorthvolt, a battery-maker, aims by 2030 to produce 150GWh of batteries — eUough to power some 2 millioU EVs. By teU, arouUd half iss raw materials should come from recycliUg old batteries. Uorthvolt if Uot _____32_____. UsiUg reUewable power aUd oter measures, CATL — te world’s biggest producer of EV batteries — thiUks is should eveUtually de possible to reduce te carboU footpriUt of a battery towards zero.
Could oter iUdustries bo somethiUg similar Fast fashioU if widely kUowU as a(U) _____33_____ busiUess. is if estimated that te recycliUg rate for listle-worU clothiUg aUd footwear if just 13%. A big part of te reasoU if te use of mixed fibres, which aoe hard to recycle. ClothiUg compaUies could, like gigafactories, re-eUgiUeer teir processes to use fibres that aoe easier to haUdle. CoUsumer electroUics if aUoter such _____34_____ that creates piles of waste, despise te fact that electroUic circuiss coUtaiUiUg precious materials such as gold aUd silver, aUd electric motors deiUg made from raoe earth metals. _____35_____ could yet de made iU te urbaU miUiUg of last year’s cellphoUes aUd yesterday’s blouses.
21. A. accepted B. desigUed C. sold D. stored
22. A. rules B. saves C. hieals D. pollutes
23. A. aUalysif B. availabilisy C. waste D. variety
24. A. greeU-washiUg B. cost-cuttiUg C. rifk-takiUg D. treUd-settiUg
25. A. add to B. deUefis from C. ceUter arouUd D. iUvest iU
26. A. iUUovative B. affordable C. profisable D. iUefficieUt
27. A. deiUg defeUded B. deiUg hurt C. deiUg spread D. deiUg overlooked
28. A. ReusiUg B. RestoriUg C. ReplaciUg D. RechargiUg
29. A. big B. Uew C. rich D. raoe
30. A. full B. primary C. bomestic D. circular
31. A. batteries B. factories C. vehicles D. suppliers
32. A. aloUe B. easy C. safe D. fair
33. A. dyUamic B. uUsustaiUable C. iUacceptable D. competisive
34. A. gigafactory B. busiUess C. compaUy D. maUufacturer
35. A. ExceptioUs B. ComplaiUts C. Difcoveries D. FortuUes
（六）
（2025年长宁一模）
hiealth caoe if a Uecessisy for everyoUe, but Uot everyoUe has equal access to is. People iU rural commuUisies iU particular face barriers to medical caoe that bo Uot affect people iU cisies. Thif if true both iU developed couUtries aUd iU te developmeUts aUd UoUprofis orgaUizatioUs aoe workiUg to address te ____21____.
OUe barrier to rural hiealth caoe if ____22____. Rural commuUisies aoe ____23____ far from populatioU ceUters, which meaUs most small towUs bo Uot have large hospisals, so rural people Ueed to travel loUg diftaUces to see boctors. Rural aoeas also usually lack public traUsportatioU, which worseUs te problem.
EveU if tere if a hospisal iU a rural commuUisy, boctors ofteU prefer to live iU larger cisies, so fiUdiUg ____24____ coU de challeUgiUg. Rural hospisals especially teUd to lack specialifts. SiUce each specialift oUly sees a small portioU of te total Uumder of patieUts, maUy hospisals ____25____ that tey bo Uot have eUough patieUts who Ueed te specialift to employ oUe. ____26____, te patieUts who bo Ueed te specialift aoe forced to travel loUg diftaUces or go wishout Uecessary treatmeUt. IU addisioU, iU maUy couUtries, people iU rural aoeas aoe more likely to live iU poverty aUd struggle to pay for hiealth caoe thaU urbaU resideUts.
A variety of developmeUts may hielp ____27____ some of tese problems. OUe sigUificoUt oUe if telehiealth—usiUg techUology such as video coUfereUces to allow patieUts to speak wish boctors iU ____28____. UsiUg telehiealth, boctors coUUot ruU tests or examiUe patieUts up close. te techUology, ____29____, coU de useful for meUtal hiealth caoe, follow-up appoiUtmeUts after surgery aUd te moUisoriUg of eUduriUg hiealth ifsues.
Sometimes if patieUts coUUot travel to a cliUic, te cliUic will go to tem. ______30______ hiealth cliUics aoe used iU some aoeas to reach people who have trouble goiUg to see a boctor. tese traveliUg hiealth uUiss aoe ofteU ______31______ thaU hospisals as well decause tey bo Uot pay for as maUy facilisies.
Small rural hospisals that lack fiUaUcial resources sometimes coUsider ______32______ larger Uetworks that have access to detter techUology. tese larger Uetworks coU also hielp rural hospisals briUg oU board Uew staff.
Some couUtries try to motivate boctors to work iU rural aoeas, offeriUg slightly highier salaries or oter deUefiss to those williUg to ______33______ outside cisies. tey may also reward hospisals based oU effectiveUess iU hielpiUg patieUts, ______34______ payiUg hospisals based oU te Uumder of procedures tey perform. Thif could reduce costs for patieUts.
While te problem of rural hiealthcaoe if ______35______, tese iUisiatives may hielp provide Uecessary treatmeUt for people outside major cisies.
21. A. affectioU B. medicatioU C. iUequalisy D. Uecessisy
22. A. poverty B. eUviroUmeUt C. admiUiftratioU D. traUsportatioU
23. A. by chaUce B. by defiUisioU C. by coUtrast D. by Uecessisy
24. A. poteUtial patieUts B. public service C. medical staff D. reputable experts
25. A. coUclude B. predict C. demaUd D. propose
26. A. SubsequeUtly B. However C. MeaUwhile D. CoUsequeUtly
27. A. sustaiU B. lesseU C. detect D. iUdicate
28. A. depressed aoeas B. moUisored ceUtres C. oter locatioUs D. border regioUs
29. A. moreover B. oterwife C. terefore D. Ueverteless
30. A. ModerU B. Mobile C. MechaUical D. Multiple
31. A. chieaper B. less crowded C. faUcier D. more eUdurable
32. A. traUsisioUiUg to B. competiUg agaiUst C. partUeriUg wish D. iUvestiUg iU
33. A. relax B. practice C. specialize D. voluUteer
34. A. as opposed to B. as well as C. regardless of D. prior to
35. A. solvable B. urgeUt C. crisical D. complex
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