小升初英语语法专题：一般过去式精讲
一、基本概念
定义：表示过去某个时间点或时间段发生的动作或状态，与现在无关。
核心标志：动作发生在“过去”，时间状语如yesterday, last week, ago等。
二、结构详解
1. 肯定句结构
- 主语 + 动词过去式
例：
- I played basketball yesterday.
- She visited her grandparents last weekend.
2. 否定句结构
- 主语 + didn’t + 动词原形
例：
- They didn’t watch TV last night.
- He didn’t finish his homework.
3. 一般疑问句结构
- Did + 主语 + 动词原形？
例：
- Did you go to the park
- Did she read a book
4. 特殊疑问句结构
- 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形？
例：
- Where did you buy this pen
- What did they do yesterday
三、动词过去式变化规则
1. 规则动词
变化类型 规则 示例
一般情况 直接加 - ed work → worked
以 e 结尾 加 - d live → lived
辅音字母 + y 结尾 改 y 为 i，加 - ed study → studied
重读闭音节 双写末尾辅音字母，加 - ed stop → stopped
2. 不规则动词
动词原形 过去式 例句
am/is was I was at home yesterday.
are were They were happy.
become became He became a teacher.
begin began The movie began at 7 PM.
break broke She broke the glass.
bring brought He brought a gift.
build built We built a sandcastle.
buy bought Mum bought a new dress.
catch caught The cat caught a mouse.
come came They came to the party.
do did She did her homework.
draw drew I drew a picture.
drink drank The baby drank milk.
drive drove Dad drove the car.
eat ate We ate pizza yesterday.
fall fell The apple fell from the tree.
feel felt She felt tired.
find found I found my keys.
fly flew The bird flew away.
get got He got a new bike.
give gave She gave me a book.
go went They went to the park.
have had I had a dream last night.
hear heard We heard a loud noise.
keep kept He kept the secret.
know knew She knew the answer.
make made I made a cake.
meet met They met their friends.
put put He put the book on the desk.
read read She read a story.
ride rode I rode a horse.
run ran The dog ran fast.
say said He said "Hello!"
see saw We saw a movie.
sing sang They sang a song.
sit sat The cat sat on the chair.
sleep slept I slept early.
speak spoke She spoke English.
swim swam They swam in the pool.
take took Mum took a photo.
teach taught Miss Li taught us maths.
tell told He told a joke.
think thought I thought about you.
wear wore She wore a red dress.
win won Our team won the game.
write wrote Tom wrote a letter.
四、时间状语标志
时间状语类型 示例
具体时间点 yesterday, just now
时间段 last week/month/year
过去持续时间 two days ago, three years ago
节日 / 事件 on Monday, at Christmas
五、常见错误与纠正
错误类型1：规则动词过去式漏加-ed
- 错误：She walk to school yesterday.
- 正确：She walked to school yesterday.
错误类型2：不规则动词误用规则变化
- 错误：He goed to the zoo.
- 正确：He went to the zoo.
错误类型3：否定句中动词未还原
- 错误：He didn’t finished his work.
- 正确：He didn’t finish his work.
错误类型4：疑问句中动词未还原
- 错误：Did you played basketball
- 正确：Did you play basketball
六、经典例句对比
一般现在时 一般过去时
I play soccer. I played soccer yesterday.
She studies math. She studied math last night.
They do homework. They did homework last week.小升初过去式专项练习题
姓名 分数
一、选择题（20 题）
My mother ______ breakfast for me this morning.
A. make B. makes C. made D. making
Tom ______ to school by bike yesterday.
A. go B. goes C. went D. going
They ______ a good time at the party last night.
A. have B. has C. had D. having
The little girl ______ a beautiful song in the classroom just now.
A. sing B. sings C. sang D. singing
I ______ my homework before dinner yesterday.
A. finish B. finishes C. finished D. finishing
He ______ TV after he did his homework.
A. watch B. watches C. watched D. watching
She ______ a letter to her pen pal last week.
A. write B. writes C. wrote D. writing
We ______ some apples in the supermarket yesterday.
A. buy B. buys C. bought D. buying
The old man ______ down on the chair and had a rest.
A. sit B. sits C. sat D. sitting
The students ______ a lot of books from the library last month.
A. borrow B. borrows C. borrowed D. borrowing
The bird ______ away when it saw the cat.
A. fly B. flies C. flew D. flying
My father ______ me a story last night.
A. tell B. tells C. told D. telling
They ______ basketball on the playground yesterday afternoon.
A. play B. plays C. played D. playing
She ______ her keys in the classroom yesterday.
A. leave B. leaves C. left D. leaving
The children ______ in the park all day last Sunday.
A. play B. plays C. played D. playing
He ______ to the radio this morning.
A. listen B. listens C. listened D. listening
We ______ our grandparents last weekend.
A. visit B. visits C. visited D. visiting
The teacher ______ us a new lesson yesterday.
A. teach B. teaches C. taught D. teaching
I ______ to bed early last night.
A. go B. goes C. went D. going
She ______ a cake for her friend's birthday yesterday.
A. make B. makes C. made D. making
二、填空题（30 题）
I ______ (see) a movie with my parents last night.
She ______ (not go) to school yesterday because she was ill.
______ you ______ (meet) your old friend at the party last week
They ______ (have) a big dinner at a restaurant last Sunday.
He ______ (find) his lost keys under the bed this morning.
We ______ (not play) football in the park yesterday afternoon.
The cat ______ (catch) a mouse last night.
She ______ (wear) a new dress to the party last Saturday.
______ they ______ (visit) the museum last month
I ______ (write) a letter to my cousin last week.
He ______ (drink) a glass of milk before going to bed last night.
They ______ (not clean) their rooms yesterday.
She ______ (draw) a beautiful picture in the art class yesterday.
______ you ______ (read) the storybook last week
We ______ (take) many photos during our trip last summer.
The boy ______ (break) the window with a ball yesterday.
He ______ (give) me a present on my birthday last year.
They ______ (not like) the movie they watched yesterday.
She ______ (hear) a strange noise last night.
______ he ______ (ride) his bike to school yesterday
I ______ (forget) to bring my homework to school yesterday.
We ______ (not eat) ice - cream yesterday because it was cold.
The dog ______ (run) after a cat just now.
She ______ (dance) at the party last night.
______ you ______ (swim) in the pool last summer
They ______ (build) a sandcastle on the beach yesterday.
He ______ (put) his books on the desk and sat down.
We ______ (not watch) TV last night because the TV was broken.
She ______ (cut) her finger when she was cooking yesterday.
______ they ______ (travel) to Beijing last year
三、句型转换（20 题）
He played basketball after school yesterday.（改为否定句）
Did she go to the park last Sunday （作肯定回答）
They visited their grandparents last weekend.（对划线部分提问）
I saw a beautiful bird in the tree this morning.（改为一般疑问句）
She had breakfast at 7:00 this morning.（改为否定句）
He cleaned his room yesterday.（对划线部分提问）
Did they buy a new car last month （作否定回答）
We went to the zoo by bus.（对划线部分提问）
She wrote a letter to her friend last night.（改为一般疑问句）
He didn't finish his homework on time.（改为肯定句）
They played games in the classroom.（对划线部分提问）
Did you see the movie yesterday （作肯定回答）
She made a cake for her mother.（改为否定句）
I found my lost key in the library.（对划线部分提问）
Did he go to school by bike （作否定回答）
We had a great time at the party.（改为一般疑问句）
She didn't go to the concert last night.（改为肯定句）
They visited the Great Wall last year.（对划线部分提问）
He watched TV for two hours last night.（改为否定句）
Did she read the book yesterday （作肯定回答）
四、翻译句子（10 题）
我昨天去了图书馆。
他们上周去旅行了。
她昨晚做了作业。
你昨天什么时候到家的？
我们在公园里拍了很多照片。
他前天买了一本书。
她去年去了北京。
他们昨天没有踢足球。
你昨天在学校吃午饭了吗？
我上周见到了我的老朋友。
五、改错题（10 题）
She didn't went to the cinema yesterday.
Did you played basketball last Friday
They goed to the zoo last month.
He don't finish his work yesterday.
We eated lunch at 12 o'clock yesterday.
She writed a letter to her teacher last week.
Did he went to school by bus yesterday
They not visited their grandparents last weekend.
He buyed a new bike last year.
We didn't saw the movie last night.
答案
一、选择题
1.C 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. C
6.C 7. C 8. C 9. C 10. C
11.C 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. C
16.C 17. C 18. C 19. C 20. C
二、填空题
1.saw 2. didn't go 3. Did; meet 4. had 5. found
6.didn't play 7. caught 8. wore 9. Did; visit 10. wrote
11.drank 12. didn't clean 13. drew 14. Did; read 15. took
16.broke 17. gave 18. didn't like 19. heard 20. Did; ride
21.forgot 22. didn't eat 23. ran 24. danced 25. Did; swim
22.built 27. put 28. didn't watch 29. cut 30. Did; travel
三、句型转换
He didn't play basketball after school yesterday.
Yes, she did.
What did they do last weekend
Did you see a beautiful bird in the tree this morning
She didn't have breakfast at 7:00 this morning.
What did he do yesterday
No, they didn't.
How did you go to the zoo
Did she write a letter to her friend last night
He finished his homework on time.
Where did they play games
Yes, I did.
She didn't make a cake for her mother.
Where did you find your lost key
No, he didn't.
Did you have a great time at the party
She went to the concert last night.
When did they visit the Great Wall
He didn't watch TV for two hours last night.
Yes, she did.
四、翻译句子
I went to the library yesterday.
They went on a trip last week.
She did her homework last night.
When did you get home yesterday
We took a lot of photos in the park.
He bought a book the day before yesterday.
She went to Beijing last year.
They didn't play football yesterday.
Did you have lunch at school yesterday
I met my old friend last week.
五、改错题
She didn't go to the cinema yesterday.
Did you play basketball last Friday
They went to the zoo last month.
He didn't finish his work yesterday.
We ate lunch at 12 o'clock yesterday.
She wrote a letter to her teacher last week.
Did he go to school by bus yesterday
They didn't visit their grandparents last weekend.
He bought a new bike last year.
We didn't see the movie last night.
