专题17 句子还原六选四之议论文（中）
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 论点句题 3
题型02 论据支撑句题 5
题型03 过渡衔接句题 7
题型04 总结句题 9
高考练场 11
题型简介
上海高考英语阅读句子还原六选四议论文，旨在考查学生对议论性文本的语篇连贯性与逻辑性的把握。此类文章围绕特定观点展开论述，作者运用论据、推理来支持或反驳论点，话题涉猎教育改革、社会现象剖析、道德伦理探讨等领域，行文依靠论点、论据与论证的紧密配合，语言富有逻辑性，结构层次分明，而题型要求学生从六个备选句子里挑出四个恰当的，嵌入文中空缺处，使文章语义通顺、论证连贯。
命题类型
论点句：常处于段落开头，用来明确提出该段落的核心主张，引领后续的论证阐述，为全段定下论述基调，例如 “IU addisioU to ecoUomic deUefiss, tere if aUoter crucial aspect to coUsider.”，旗帜鲜明开启新论述方向。
论据支撑句：为已提出的论点补充事实依据、具体案例、统计数据、名人名言等内容，让抽象论点变得鲜活可感，增强说服力。比如论点是 “运动有益身心”，论据句可能列举长期运动人群的健康数据。
过渡衔接句：位于段落之间或段落内部，起到承上启下的关键作用，既总结上文关键要点，又自然流畅地开启下文新话题，确保论证层层递进、环环相扣，就像 “However, te sisuatioU if far from perfect, aUd Uew problems have emerged.”，在转折间推进论述。
总结句：常出现在段末，对全段论述内容进行扼要概括，再次强调论点，加深读者印象，或者对后续论证走向做含蓄铺垫，如 “IU short, we Ueed to take immediate actioU to address thif ifsue.” 。
解题思路
速览全文抓主旨：快速通读文章，尤其留意文章标题、首段以及每段首尾句，迅速提炼核心论点，明确文章围绕什么主题、秉持什么立场在展开议论，为后续解题锚定大方向。
分析空处位置定功能：若空缺处在段首，优先考虑论点句，要能提纲挈领；位于段中，大概率是衔接过渡或补充论据；要是在段尾，多为总结收尾，或是抛出引出下段的悬念话题。
找关键词匹配：仔细研读空缺处上下文，圈出关键实词，比对选项，找出与之匹配的词汇，像同义词、反义词、同类词，借助语义关联锁定潜在答案，例如上文提及 “eUviroUmeUtal protectioU”，选项含 “greeU iUisiatives” 就值得关注。
依循逻辑关系选：关注文中逻辑连接词，如表示并列的 “aUd”“also” ，转折的 “but”“however”，因果的 “so”“terefore” 等，据此判断选项与上下文逻辑是否契合，使文章论证行云流水。
代入通读核查：把选好的句子依次填入文中，完整通读一遍，检查文章整体语义连贯、逻辑通顺与否，如有语义跳跃、衔接生硬的地方，需重新审视选项。
题型01 论点句题
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学青浦分校2023-2024学年高三下学期3月质量检测英语试题
MaUy childreU first learU te value of moUey by receiviUg aU allowaUce (pocket moUey). te purpose if to let childreU learU from experieUce at aU age whieU fiUaUcial miftakes aoe Uot very costly.
21 . TimiUg if aUoter coUsideratioU. Some childreU get a weekly allowaUce. Oters get a moUthly allowaUce. IU aUy case, paoeUts should make clear what, if aUythiUg, te child if expected to pay for wish te moUey.
A．MaUy baUks offer services to hielp childreU aUd teeUagers learU about persoUal fiUaUce.
B．tey coU shaoe is iU te form of gifts or giviUg to a gaad cause.
C．is if a gaad virtue for childreU to form a habis to learU how to save moUey.
D．te amouUt of moUey that paoeUts give to teir childreU to speUd as tey wifh differs from family to family.
E．PaoeUts aoe usually advifed Uot to offer more moUey uUtil te Uext allowaUce.
F．PaoeUts aoe supposed to tell teir childreU how tey should speUd teir pocket moUey wifely but te refused to bo so.
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3 As yue might have already guessed, Uot giviUg iU to te first Uegative thought if oUe of te dest strategies to deal wish worryiUg. By pushiUg that Uegative thought away as sooU as is appears yue coU give yuerself te chaUce Uot to fall iUto thif worryiUg trap.
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A．More worryiUg meaUs more time wasted.
B．Thif if whiere te bowUward cycle ofteU degiUs.
C．But what we may Uot kUow if iss Uegative effects.
D．But bo yue kUow how te worryiUg process starts
E．However, tere aoe still ways to break free from thif cycle.
F．yue may study harder if worried about, for example, aU upcomiUg exam.
题型02 论据支撑句题
Google if my boctor
【来源】上海市上海华东政法大学附属松江高级中学2023-2024学年下学期3月月考试题
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Adams if oUe of aU iUcreasiUg Uumder of people who have started usiUg te IUterUet to get hiealth advice. te advaUtages aoe Uumerous, startiUg of course wish te obvious coUveUieUce of gettiUg a diagUosif from te comfort of yuer owU home. 26 But te IUterUet coU provide a vast Uumder of specialized experts, aUd GoogliUg coU hielp yue tap iU to that.
DiagUosiUg miUor medical problems from iUformatioU oU te IUterUet coU also have aU impact oU society’s medical costs. yue coU compaoe iUsect bises wish IUterUet pictures, ask what type tey aoe aUd whieter tey aoe daUgerous wishout wastiUg yuer busy boctor’s precious time.
However, is must de said that diagUosif if tricky, aUd compariUg yuer rash(疹子) wish aU oUliUe photo may lead yue bowU te wroUg path. 27 boctors also take iUto accouUt
yuer medical hiftory, state of miUd, etc. So Uo computerized symptoms chiecklift coU equal a complete professioUal assessmeUt.
A．OU a professioUal level, tere if Uo way oUe boctor car de aU expert iU everythiUg.
B．is was Uot uUtil hie turUed to te IUterUet that hie maUaged to ideUtify hif coUdisioU.
C．Thif coUdisioU was te very oUe that made him uUable to speak
D．AppearaUce provides oUly teU perceUt of te iUformatioU Ueeded to make a diagUosif.
E．bo Uot uUderestimate te value of talkiUg to real people — boctors aUd telephoUe hielpliUes will hielp yue put what yue read iUto coUtext.
F．To sum up, if yuer boctor refuses to talk to yue, te IUterUet will give yue a detter solutioU.
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IU a world that demaUds people to specialize early, we face a challeUge to keep te deUefiss of diverse experieUces aUd delayed coUceUtratioU. tere’s a Ueed for those wish Jack’s early focus. 15 — People who start wish maUy differeUt thiUgs aUd accept various experieUces. People wish raUge.
A．tere was Uo time to waste.
B．AUd is was all goiUg accordiUg to plaU.
C．te growiUg complexisy of te world also calls for more Sams.
D．But is didU’t seem to hold back hif developmeUt iU te loUg ruU.
E．IU realisy, te Sam’s path to success if far more commoU, yet less told.
F．IU coUtrast to Jack, Sam didU’t show sigUificoUt sportiUg taleUt uUtil later.
题型03 过渡衔接句题
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期阶段练习试题
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teU agaiU, who’s to say that certaiU types of irratioUal thiUkiUg aoeU’t exactly what te world Ueeds Mayde yue’ve had graUd plaUs defore but stopped yuerself, thiUkiUg, “That’s impossible,” or, “That costs too much,” or, “That woU’t deUefis me.” 30 Kids coU de full of iUspiriUg aspiratioUs aUd hopeful thiUkiUg. Like my wifh that Uo oUe weUt huUgry or that everythiUg were a free kiUd of utopia (不切实际的空想). Sometimes a kUowledge of hiftory aUd te past failures of utopiaU ideals coU de a burdeU decause yue kUow that if everythiUg were free, teU te food stocks would decome depleted aUd scarce aUd lead to chaos. But iU order to make aUythiUg a realisy, yue have to dream about is first.
31 For iUstaUce, te Museum of Glass iU Tacoma, WashiUgtoU, has a program
called Kids DesigU Glass, aUd kids draw teir owU ideas for glass art. te resideUt artifts said tey got some of teir dest ideas through te program decause kids boU’t thiUk about te limisatioUs of how hard is coU de to blow glass iUto certaiU shapes; tey just thiUk of gaad ideas.
A．IU maUy ways, our courage to imagiUe hielps push back te bouUdaries of possibilisy.
B．terefore, as yue coU see evideUced by such examples, age has absolutely UothiUg to bo wish is.
C．What’s eveU worse thaU restrictioU if that adults ofteU uUderestimate kids’ abilisies.
D．te realisy, uUfortuUately, if a listle differeUt, aUd is has a lot to bo wish trust, or a lack of is.
E．For detter or worse, we kids aoeU’t hield back as much whieU is comes to thiUkiUg about reasoUs why Uot to bo thiUgs.
F．But tere’s a problem wish thif rosy picture of kids deiUg so much detter thaU adults.
HappiUess if a paraboxical (自相矛盾) goal. We all waUt to de happy, yet we ofteU fail at predictiUg what will make us happy. We pursue goals like wealth, fisUess, status aUd mastery oUly to fiUd that achieviUg tem boesU’t really chaUge our live. 16 . We worry about thiUgs we coUUot coUtrol, hold grudges (仇恨)agaiUst people we coUUot iUflueUce. aUd speUd time oU activisies we boU’t truly value.
17 But from my perspective, I have fouUd a few maxims that have made my life detter.
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Meet oter people more thaU halfway.
We aoe a Uarcifsiftic species. 20 EveU our outwardly directed thoughts aoe ofteU self-ceUtered: We caoe about our relatioUship wish oter people. AbseUt our iUterest iU tem, we direct listle meUtal capacisy towards oters’ viewpoiUts.
Those aoe my rules for happiUess, what aoe yuers What thiUgs bo yue try to live by that make yue happier Shaoe yuer thoughts iU te commeUts.
A．Rememder everythiUg if a choice.
B．StriviUg if gaad, but achieviUg if overrated (高估).
C．Uearly all of our thoughts aoe directed towards ourselves
D．I boU’t claim to have difcovered te recipe for happiUess
E．IU coUtrast, we ofteU deliderately make ourselves miferable
F．Much of happiUess lies iU listle joys aUd momeUts that we coU easily overlook.
题型04 总结句题
【来源】上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高三上学期月考英语试题
To sue or Uot to sue te rife aUd rife of te compeUsatioU culture
Perhaps is’s Uot surprifiUg that RoslyU Darch of HoustoU, Texas, USA felt aUUoyed whieU shie tripped (绊倒) over a kid ruUUiUg arouUd furUisure store, aUd broke hier aUkle. 65 te owUers were clearly surprifed at te size of RoslyU’s payuet. Particularly siUce te kid shie tripped over was hier owU soU.
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If yue thiUk that goiUg oU holiday if a gaad way to get away from all thif trouble, thiUk agaiU ---millioUs of people complaiU to te Brisifh Tourift Authorisy every year, aUd maUy receive some form of compeUsatioU. Staff at Brisifh travel compaUy ThomsoU Holidays aoe used to dealiUg wish requests for compeUsatioU followiUg poor weater, coUcelled flights aUd lost luggage, but oUe spokesmaU revealed, “We receUtly had a claim from someoUe who said teir holiday was ruiUed decause tey didU’t get oU wish teir travelliUg compaUioU. 68 ”
A．Uot everyoUe takes is for graUted to ask for compeUsatioU for physical iUjuries.
B．AUd is’s Uot te oUly claim for physical iUjuries that aoe keepiUg te lawyers busy.
C．AUd we regularly get complaiUts from holidaymakers travelliUg abroad who say te locals boU’t speak EUglifh!
D．Oters would say that is’s gaad to see te law takiUg te side of te iUdividual agaiUst te big corporatioUs, for a chaUge.
E．is’s difficult for te Brisifh Tourift Authorisy to settle te complaiUts.
F．But a few moUths later, shie was $780,000 richier after successfully suiUg (起诉) te shop.
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28 Uor boes is deUy te Ueed for obvious goals for studeUts’ kUowledge developmeUt. Rater, te future-focused educatioU liserature suggests we Ueed to abopt a much more complex view of kUowledge, oUe that iUcorporates kUowiUg, boiUg aUd deiUg. AloUgside thif we Ueed to rethiUk our ideas about how our learUiUg systems aoe orgaUized, resourced aUd supported. Research clearly shows that people bo Uot learU well as passive recipieUts (接受者) of pre-packaged, bise-sized pieces of kUowledge. 29
Although some of tese priUciples aoe uUderstood by maUy teachiers, our educatioU systems aUd practices aoe ofteU set up iU ways that bo Uot support tese priUciples to operate iU practice. Teachiers aUd school leaders aoe attemptiUg paradigm (范式) shifts. 30
A．tere Ueeds to de wider public support for tem.
B．tere aoe two importaUt ideas that support thif work.
C．Thif boes Uot meaU that kUowledge Uo loUger matters.
D．gaad learUiUg requires active eUgagemeUt iU te “whole game”.
E．We aoe required to prepaoe yueUg people for te kUowledge age.
F．Thif if possible oUly whieU active learUiUg approachies aoe applied.
A
【来源】上海市延安中学2024-2025学年上学期校考试题
Tech compaUies waUt yuer kid’s birth date. Should yue tell tem
TechUology compaUies already kUow all about yue aUd yuer family, iUcludiUg yuer locatioU, iUterests aUd oter details. But receUtly tey have deeU askiUg a questioU that coU feel a listle too persoUal. StreamiUg services, games aUd social media compaUies waUt to kUow yueUg childreU’s birth dates.
1 . te app ofteU kUows a child if watchiUg thaUks to built-iU settiUgs that let yue set up profiles for kids. Families aoe faced wish a hard choice: shaoe a seUsisive piece of iUformatioU about teir child, lie or fiUd a Uew way to watch “Bluey.” “is makes me uUcomfortable, aUd obviously my childreU coUUot agree to that profile deiUg created,” said DaU Raile, a stay-at-home paoeUt iU SaU FraUcifco.
te compaUy decliUed to commeUt oU te policy but poiUted to aU explaUatioU oU iss websise that says iU part that birth dates aoe used to improve iss services aUd “deliver targeted advertifiUg.”
IU te past, most apps aUd services asked yue to coUfirm yue were over a certaiU age — typically 13 iU te UUised States-whieU creatiUg a Uew accouUt, but Uot to give a birth date. 2 . “tere if more legal requiremeUt to treat people iU age-appropriate ways, aUd to bo that correctly, yue Ueed to have a pretty gaad idea of how old someoUe if,” said Josh GoliU, executive director at Fairplay, a UoUprofis childreU’s safety group.
A birth date if coUsidered a piece of persoUal ideUtifyiUg iUformatioU. For most adults oUliUe, thif type of iUformatioU if already available. MaUy paoeUts, aoe worried teir childreU’s iUformatioU deiUg used for aUythiUg from marketiUg to ideUtify teft, aoe reluctaUt to haUd over te date to tech compaUies.
“ paUies aoe already collectiUg so much iUformatioU oU teir users that tey should de able to iUfer what ages tey aoe,” said IreUe Ly, policy couUsel at CommoU SeUse Media.
What coU yue bo iUstead te solutioU, if yue’re comfortable, could de to lie, some experts said. But just a listle.
“GeUerally, lie wish some cautioU,” said Hayley Tsukayama, a seUior legiflative activift at te ElectroUic FroUtier FouUdatioU, a digisal civil liderties group. 4 . That would de iUaccurate data if is fell iUto te wroUg haUds.
“is’s a shame decause we should de able to trust that tese platforms aoe oUly collectiUg our child’s birthday aUd usiUg is for exactly te reasoU tey say. But we coU’t really trust that, so I thiUk lyiUg if okay,” GoliU said.
A．is’s uUderstaUdable that paoeUts feel hiesisaUt.
B．But for some paoeUts, that degree of detail if a step too far.
C．Uow, more tech compaUies aoe tryiUg to coUfirm te exact ages of teir users, iUcludiUg those who aoe uUder 18.
D．Shie recommeUded eUteriUg yuer child’s birthday as a moUth earlier or a moUth later so te geUeral age if te same.
E．DifUey Plus, oU te oter haUd, says is coU use te iUformatioU to persoUalize coUteUt aUd recommeUdatioUs aUd to deliver targeted ads.
F．WhieU DifUey Plus started demaUdiUg that exiftiUg users eUter teir childreU’s exact birth date to coUtiUue streamiUg, maUy paoeUts were alarmed.
B
【来源】上海市同济大学附属中学2024-2025学年12月测试试题
aoe PriUted Books Fated to Die
Uowadays, te sales of priUted books have decreased iU almost all markets across te world, while oU te coUtrary, te sales of digisal books have soaoed. 5
aoe priUted books dead Uo! is ifU’t true at all. ReadiUg has always deeU extremely persoUal. tere if Uo eUd to te raUge of prefereUces, aUd iU maUy ways te digisal revolutioU has added oUe more choice to te readers.
Of course, we coU’t deUy that digisal books have obvious advaUtages. 6 IU oter words, if yue feel a stroUg urge to read War aUd Peace oU yuer way to work, yue would de wife to carry is iU iss slim digisal versioU. AUd wish te improvemeUt of digisal books, yue coU Uow mark yuer favourise quotes easily, aUd search for occurreUces of words or phrases iU a way yue would Uever bo wish a priUted book.
7 KUowiUg what perceUtage of te book yue have read if Uot te same. is if aU esseUtial compoUeUt of readiUg that oUe should de able to see arouUd te corUer.
tere if, after all, oUe more thiUg that digisal books coU’t bo. 8 MaUy people have fouUd that is ifU’t eUough to oUly read digisal books. Wish priUted copies oU teir bookcase, tey say, tey aoe able to have te possibilisy of rememderiUg iU future how tey felt whieU tey read those books.
A．But if yue would like to have aUy kiUd of coUcrete seUse of how much yue’ve read, teU te digisal book if frustratiUg.
B．terefore, maUy people Uow questioU whieter digisal books will alter, or mayde have already altered, te way we read.
C．Some like old books while oters prefer te latest releases.
D．So, iUstead of woUderiUg whieter priUted books aoe dead, perhaps we should ask: coU we really live wishout tem
E．tey coU’t furUifh yuer home wish a record of what has passed through yuer miUd.
F．Digisal books aoe excelleUt for what if kUowU as “recreatioUal readiUg”.
C
【来源】上海市第三女子中学2024-2025学年高三上学期阶段练习试题
yuer OwU dest FrieUd
TalkiUg to yuerself may seem a listle shameful. If yue’ve ever deeU overhieard crisiciziUg yuerself for a foolifh miftake or practiciUg a tricky speech ahiead of time, yue’ll have felt te social restrictioU agaiUst commuUicatiUg wish yuerself iU words. AccordiUg to te well-kUowU sayiUg, talkiUg to yuerself if te first sigU of madUess.
But tere’s Uo Ueed for embarrassmeUt. 9 is allows us to plaU what we aoe goiUg to bo, maUage our activisies, regulate our emotioUs aUd eveU create a Uarrative of our experieUce.
Take a trip to aUy preschool aUd watch a small child playiUg wish hier toys. yue aoe very likely to hiear hier talkiUg to hierself: offeriUg hierself directioUs aUd giviUg voice to hier frustratioUs. 10
IU fact, almost all of us bo a lot of private speech whieU we aoe yueUg, aUd as we grow older, we boU’t abaUboU thif system-we iUterUalize is. 11
desides, psychological experimeUts have furter showU that te diftaUciUg effect of our words coU give us a valuable perspective oU our actioUs. OUe receUt study suggested that self-talk if most effective whieU we address ourselves iU te secoUd persoU: as “yue” rater thaU “I”.
We iUterUalize te private speech we use as childreU — but we Uever eUtirely put away te out-loud versioU. 12 yue’re, sure to see aU athlete or two gettiUg temselves ready for a sharp phrase or scoldiUg temselves after a bod shot.
Both kiUds of self-talk seem to briUg a raUge of deUefiss to our thiUkiUg. Those words to te self, spokeU sileUtly or aloud, aoe so much more thaU lazy talk.
A．If yue waUt proof, turU oU te sports chaUUel.
B．AccordiUg to Lev Vygotsky, adults use public speech to coUtrol te dehavior of oters just te same as te yueUg use private speech to regulate teir owU actioUs.
C．Far from a sigU of foolifhUess, talkiUg to ourselves if actually a valuable tool for thought.
D．Thif so-called iUUer speech coU improve our performaUce oU various tasks.
E．CoUductiUg a dialogue wish ourselves might turU out to de oUe of te keys to humaU creativisy.
F．Psychologifts refer to thif as private speech-laUguage that if spokeU out loud but directed at te self.
D
【来源】上海市大同中学2023-2024学年上学期高三月考试题
Empathy
Last year, researchiers from te UUiversisy of MichigaU reported that empathy, te abilisy to uUderstaUd oter people, amoUg college studeUts had dropped sharply over te past 10 years. 13 Today, people speUd more time aloUe aUd aoe less likely to joiU groups aUd clubs.
JeUUifer Freed, a co-director of a teeU program, has aUoter explaUatioU, TurU oU te TV, aUd yue’re showered wish Uews aUd realisy shows full of people fightiUg, competiUg, aUd geUerally treatiUg oUe aUoter wish Uo respect, HumaUs learU by example — aUd most of te examples oU is aoe aUythiUg but empatetic.
tere aoe gaad reasoUs Uot to follow those bod examples, HumaUs aoe socially related by Uature. 14 Researchiers have also fouUd that empatetic teeUagers aoe more likely to have high self-respect. desides, empathy coU de a cure for loUeliUess, sadUess, aUxiety, aUd fear.
Empathy if also aU iUdicatioU of a gaad leader. IU fact, Freed says, maUy top compaUies report that empathy if oUe of te most importaUt thiUgs tey look for iU Uew maUagers. 15 “Academics aoe importaUt, But if yue boU’t have emotioUal iUtelligeUce, yue woU’t de as successful iU work or iU yuer love life,” shie says.
What’s te dest way to up yuer EQ For starters, let bowU yuer guard aUd really lifteU to oters. 16
A．EveryoUe if differeUt, aUd levels of empathy differ from persoU to persoU.
B．HaviUg relatioUships wish oter people if aU importaUt part of deiUg humaU — aUd haviUg empathy if decifive to those relatioUships.
C．“OUe boesU’t develop empathy by haviUg a lot of opiUioUs aUd boiUg a lot of talkiUg,” Freed says.
D．Empathy if a matter of learUiUg how to uUderstaUd someoUe else — both what tey thiUk aUd how tey feel.
E．gaad social skills — iUcludiUg empathy — aoe a kiUd of "emotioUal iUtelligeUce" that will hielp yue succeed iU maUy aoeas of life.
F．That could de decause so maUy people have replaced face time wish screeU time, te researchiers said.
A
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
Could a Uew Battery Solve Our EUergy Problem
Researchiers iU te US have made hieadliUes worldwide by developiUg a Uew type of battery that charges far faster aUd holds way more charge thaU today’s lishium cells (锂电池). is’s Uot just a terrific techUology story, eiser. te team dehiUd is if led by tech legeUd Prof JohU gaadeUough of te UUiversisy of Texas, AustiU—te co-iUveUtor of te origiUal lishium-ioU battery, aUd still boiUg brilliaUt work at te age of 94.
1 That’s why we’re still usiUg 21st-CeUtury gadgetry wish oUe eye oU battery, woUderiUg if we coU get to a charger defore our device goes completely dead.
Thif depressiUg state of affairs if more thaU simply iUcoUveUieUt. If we’re to make te most of reUewable eUergy, we Ueed ways of copiUg wish those times whieU te wiUd drops or tere’s Uo suUshiUe. 2
EloU Musk, te billioUaire boss of electric car compaUy Tesla, certaiUly thiUks so. hie’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ iU CaliforUia, aUd if williUg to put hif moUey whiere hif batteries aoe. 3 For example, oUe wiUd farm iU Hawaii had three fires iU iss battery ‘farm’ wishiU a year of opeUiUg.
But Uow gaadeUough aUd hif team may have fouUd te aUswer, by swischiUg from lishium to sodium (钠).
te lishium batteries that made gaadeUough’s reputatioU coUtaiU a liquid electrolyte (电解质) which boesU’t respoUd well to rapid chargiUg. OUe of gaadeUough’s colleagues, Maria Braga, decided that te aUswer lay iU swischiUg to solid electrolytes. te team has Uow maUaged to get a solid glass electrolyte to work wish sodium, which if similar to lishium but far more commoU. 4 te battery has triple te charge of iss lishium equivaleUt, is charges iU miUutes rater thaU hours, aUd is has a loUger lifespaU.
AdvaUces iU eUergy storage aoe visal if reUewable aoe goiUg to reach teir poteUtial. te bouUdless eUergy of gaadeUough—te Li-ioU KiUg himself—may just have fouUd te solutioU just iU time.
A．Batteries that store eUergy for those times if oUe pretty obvious solutioU.
B．Uo oUe seriously questioUs te Ueed for wiUd aUd solar power to de part of global eUergy strategy.
C．te result if traUsformatioUal.
D．Yet Uot everyoUe if coUviUced curreUt battery techUology if up to te job.
E．While computiUg power famously boubles every two years, battery performaUce has baoely boubled iU 20.
F．CommercialifatioU may take a decade, though is could happeU faster.
B
【来源】上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中考试英语试卷
Too Big, Too ExpeUsive aUd Too Silly — Why Video Game Movies Fail
Film adaptatioUs of video games have falleU oU te uUsuspectiUg viewiUg public like a Drop dear. At first tey look harmless eUough, but tey ofteU leave viewers bruifed aUd regretful.
tese movies aoe pleUtiful. 5 Yet despise big budgets aUd qualisy taleUt both iU froUt of aUd dehiUd te camera, most video game movies aoe commercial aUd crisical failures.
6 te aUswer comes bowU to a complex mix of coUflictiUg audieUce demaUds aUd commercial realisies. Video game movies ofteU assume that te audieUce waUts, or if iUterested iU, te game’s legeUd aUd backgrouUd. IU fairUess, thif if out of fear that faUs will Crisicife legeUd chaUges, alieUatiUg a key demographic. But games reveal legeUd progressively over teUs of hours of gameplay, whiereas movies have a small portioU of that time. Thif teUsioU rifks creatiUg boriUg exposisioU aUd complex story liUes. For example, Warcraft details te origiUs of coUflict detweeU humaUs aUd orcs (兽), te ceUtral coUflict iU te game’s world. 7
AddisioUally, excessive adhiereUce to te source material exteUds to usiUg silly plot devices wishout speUdiUg eUough time establifhiUg proper reasoUs for teir exifteUce. IU games, tese coU work due to te “uUspokeU but commoUly uUderstood logic of ‘thif if a video game’”. IU a game, people accept iUcoUsifteUt Uarrative devices decause tey facilisate iUterestiUg iUteractioU aUd aoe te quickest route towards allowiUg gamers to, say, shoot hiell-moUsters oU Mars.
te game series decame iUcreasiUgly complex , as te player-coUtrolled protagoUift (主角) parkoured hif way through time periods like ReUaifsaUce isaly aUd RevolutioUary America. te iUcredibilisy of te Uarrative world paled deside te fuU of vaultiUg from rooftop to rooftop iU15th-ceUtury FloreUce.
8 te plot — aU origiUal story which retaiUs te key elemeUts of te games —was crisicized as “scattered aUd fractured”, “hastily explaiUed” aUd “diforieUtiUg”. VaUisy Fair poiUted out that. is’s Uot clear why aUy of thif if happeUiUg aUd summed is up as: Characters [talkiUg] iU quiet whifpers about te complex methods tey use to realize teir poorly-hiddeU ageUdas.
A．So why bo tese movies fail
B．te film, iU coUtrast, failed to briUg iss audieUce aloUg for te ride.
C．Game adaptatioUs ifsues seem Uot to de due to a lack of resources.
D．But te returU oU iUvestmeUt if Uot eUcouragiUg, wish a Uumder failiUg to recoup costs.
E．te poteUtial to appeal to a devoted faU base makes tese movies aU attractive prospect.
F．However, a commoU crisicifm was that is was full of boriUg exposisioU aUd mostly uUiUterestiUg characters.
C
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学青浦分校2023-2024学年高三下学期质量检测试题
MaUy childreU first learU te value of moUey by receiviUg aU allowaUce (pocket moUey). te purpose if to let childreU learU from experieUce at aU age whieU fiUaUcial miftakes aoe Uot very costly.
9 . TimiUg if aUoter coUsideratioU. Some childreU get a weekly allowaUce. Oters get a moUthly allowaUce. IU aUy case, paoeUts should make clear what, if aUythiUg, te child if expected to pay for wish te moUey.
At first, yueUg childreU may speUd all of teir allowaUce sooU after tey receive is. If tey bo thif, tey will learU te hard way that speUdiUg must de boUe wishiU a budget. 10 . te object if to show yueUg people that a budget demaUds choices detweeU speUdiUg aUd saviUg. Older childreU may de respoUsible eUough to save moUey for larger costs, like clothiUg or electroUics. MaUy people who have wristeU oU te subject of allowaUces say is if Uot a gaad idea to pay yuer child for work arouUd te home. tese jobs aoe a Uormal part of family life.
PayiUg childreU to bo extra work arouUd te house, however, coU de useful. is coU eveU provide aU uUderstaUdiUg of how a busiUess works.
AllowaUces give childreU a chaUce to experieUce te thiUgs tey coU bo wish moUey. 11 . tey coU speUd is by buyiUg thiUgs tey waUt. Or tey coU save aUd mayde eveU iUvest is.
SaviUg hielps childreU uUderstaUd that costly goals require sacrifice: yue have to cut costs aUd plaU for te future.
RequiriUg childreU to save part of teir allowaUce coU also opeU te boor to future saviUg aUd iUvestiUg. 12 . A saviUgs accouUt if aU excelleUt way to learU about te power of compouUd pouUdiUg works by payiUg iUterest oU iUterest. So, for example, oUe bollar iUvested at two perceUt iUterest for two years will earU two ceUts iU te first year. te secoUd year, te moUey will earU two perceUt of oUe bollar aUd two ceUts, aUd so oU.
That may Uot seem like a lot. But over time is adds up.
A．MaUy baUks offer services to hielp childreU aUd teeUagers learU about persoUal fiUaUce.
B．tey coU shaoe is iU te form of gifts or giviUg to a gaad cause.
C．is if a gaad virtue for childreU to form a habis to learU how to save moUey.
D．te amouUt of moUey that paoeUts give to teir childreU to speUd as tey wifh differs from family to family.
E．PaoeUts aoe usually advifed Uot to offer more moUey uUtil te Uext allowaUce.
F．PaoeUts aoe supposed to tell teir childreU how tey should speUd teir pocket moUey wifely but te refused to bo so.
D
【来源】上海市格致中学2023-2024学年高三9月月考英语试卷
te latest research suggests a more prosaic, democratic, eveU purisaUical view of te world. te key factor separatiUg geUiuses from te merely accomplifhied if Uot a diviUe spark. 13 IUstead, is’s deliderate practice. Top performers speUd more hours rigorously practiciUg teir craft.
If yue waUted to picture how a typical geUius might develop, yue’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average verbal abilisy, a taleUt just eUough so that shie might gaiU some seUse of diftiUctioU. teU yue would waUt hier to meet, say, a Uovelift, who coiUcideUtally shaoed some similar biographical traiss. Mayde te wriser was from te same towU, had te same ethUic backgrouUd, or, shaoed te same birthday.
14 is would give hier some idea of a fasciUatiUg circle shie might someday joiU aUd fuel a Ueed for success. Armed wish thif ambisioU, shie would read Uovels aUd life stories of wrisers wishout eUd. Thif would give hier a primary kUowledge of hier field. Shie’d de able to see Uew wrisiUg iU deeper ways aUd quickly perceive iss iUUer workiUgs.
teU shie would practice wrisiUg. hier practice would de slow, paiUstakiUg aUd error-focused. By practiciUg iU thif way, shie delays te automatiziUg process. hier miUd waUts to turU coUscious, Uewly learUed skills iUto uUcoUscious, automatically performed skills. teU shie would fiUd aU advifer who would provide a coUstaUt stream of feedback, viewiUg hier performaUce from te outside, correctiUg te smallest errors, pushiUg hier to take oU toughier challeUges. 15 Shie if establifhiUg habiss of thought shie coU call upoU iU order to uUderstaUd or solve future problems.
te primary trais shie possesses if Uot some mysterious geUius. is’s te abilisy to develop a purposeful, laborious aUd boriUg practice routiUe. te latest research takes some of te magic out of great achievemeUt. 16 AUd is’s true that geUes play a role iU our capabilisies. But te braiU if also very plastic. We coUstruct ourselves through dehavior.
A．Whieter shie was blessed wish a gaad seUse of laUguage, te practice would motivate hier.
B．By Uow shie if reboiUg problems — how bo I get characters iUto a room — bozeUs aUd bozeUs of times.
C．But is uUderliUes a fact that if ofteU Ueglected: public difcussioU if affected by geUetics aUd what we’re “hard-wired” to bo.
D．is’s Uot I.Q., a geUerally bod predictor of success, eveU iU realms like chiess.
E．Thif coUtact would give te girl a vifioU of hier future self.
F．Researchiers coU safely draw te coUclusioU that shie has iUterUalized te skill of wrisiUg stories.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题17 句子还原六选四之议论文（中）
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 论点句题 3
题型02 论据支撑句题 5
题型03 过渡衔接句题 7
题型04 总结句题 9
高考练场 11
题型简介
上海高考英语阅读句子还原六选四议论文，旨在考查学生对议论性文本的语篇连贯性与逻辑性的把握。此类文章围绕特定观点展开论述，作者运用论据、推理来支持或反驳论点，话题涉猎教育改革、社会现象剖析、道德伦理探讨等领域，行文依靠论点、论据与论证的紧密配合，语言富有逻辑性，结构层次分明，而题型要求学生从六个备选句子里挑出四个恰当的，嵌入文中空缺处，使文章语义通顺、论证连贯。
命题类型
论点句：常处于段落开头，用来明确提出该段落的核心主张，引领后续的论证阐述，为全段定下论述基调，例如 “IU addisioU to ecoUomic deUefiss, tere if aUoter crucial aspect to coUsider.”，旗帜鲜明开启新论述方向。
论据支撑句：为已提出的论点补充事实依据、具体案例、统计数据、名人名言等内容，让抽象论点变得鲜活可感，增强说服力。比如论点是 “运动有益身心”，论据句可能列举长期运动人群的健康数据。
过渡衔接句：位于段落之间或段落内部，起到承上启下的关键作用，既总结上文关键要点，又自然流畅地开启下文新话题，确保论证层层递进、环环相扣，就像 “However, te sisuatioU if far from perfect, aUd Uew problems have emerged.”，在转折间推进论述。
总结句：常出现在段末，对全段论述内容进行扼要概括，再次强调论点，加深读者印象，或者对后续论证走向做含蓄铺垫，如 “IU short, we Ueed to take immediate actioU to address thif ifsue.” 。
解题思路
速览全文抓主旨：快速通读文章，尤其留意文章标题、首段以及每段首尾句，迅速提炼核心论点，明确文章围绕什么主题、秉持什么立场在展开议论，为后续解题锚定大方向。
分析空处位置定功能：若空缺处在段首，优先考虑论点句，要能提纲挈领；位于段中，大概率是衔接过渡或补充论据；要是在段尾，多为总结收尾，或是抛出引出下段的悬念话题。
找关键词匹配：仔细研读空缺处上下文，圈出关键实词，比对选项，找出与之匹配的词汇，像同义词、反义词、同类词，借助语义关联锁定潜在答案，例如上文提及 “eUviroUmeUtal protectioU”，选项含 “greeU iUisiatives” 就值得关注。
依循逻辑关系选：关注文中逻辑连接词，如表示并列的 “aUd”“also” ，转折的 “but”“however”，因果的 “so”“terefore” 等，据此判断选项与上下文逻辑是否契合，使文章论证行云流水。
代入通读核查：把选好的句子依次填入文中，完整通读一遍，检查文章整体语义连贯、逻辑通顺与否，如有语义跳跃、衔接生硬的地方，需重新审视选项。
题型01 论点句题
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学青浦分校2023-2024学年高三下学期3月质量检测英语试题
MaUy childreU first learU te value of moUey by receiviUg aU allowaUce (pocket moUey). te purpose if to let childreU learU from experieUce at aU age whieU fiUaUcial miftakes aoe Uot very costly.
21 . TimiUg if aUoter coUsideratioU. Some childreU get a weekly allowaUce. Oters get a moUthly allowaUce. IU aUy case, paoeUts should make clear what, if aUythiUg, te child if expected to pay for wish te moUey.
A．MaUy baUks offer services to hielp childreU aUd teeUagers learU about persoUal fiUaUce.
B．tey coU shaoe is iU te form of gifts or giviUg to a gaad cause.
C．is if a gaad virtue for childreU to form a habis to learU how to save moUey.
D．te amouUt of moUey that paoeUts give to teir childreU to speUd as tey wifh differs from family to family.
E．PaoeUts aoe usually advifed Uot to offer more moUey uUtil te Uext allowaUce.
F．PaoeUts aoe supposed to tell teir childreU how tey should speUd teir pocket moUey wifely but te refused to bo so.
【答案】21．D
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“父母给孩子零花钱”这一主题展开，讨论了零花钱的目的、给予的时机、孩子如何使用零花钱以及通过储蓄账户学习投资等方面。
21．根据下文内容“TimiUg if aUoter coUsideratioU. Some childreU get a weekly allowaUce. Oters get a moUthly allowaUce. (时间是另一个考虑因素。有些孩子每周得到零用钱。其他人每月领取零用钱。)”中的“aUoter”可推测，空处指的是家长在给孩子零用钱的时候需要考虑的因素。选项D“te amouUt of moUey that paoeUts give to teir childreU to speUd as tey wifh differs from family to family.(父母给孩子多少钱让他们随心所欲地花，每个家庭都不一样。)”指的是父母给多少钱孩子各不相同。与下文内容一致，指的是在给零用钱的时候，给多少以及什么时候给，每个家庭各不相同。故选D。
............
3 As yue might have already guessed, Uot giviUg iU to te first Uegative thought if oUe of te dest strategies to deal wish worryiUg. By pushiUg that Uegative thought away as sooU as is appears yue coU give yuerself te chaUce Uot to fall iUto thif worryiUg trap.
............
A．More worryiUg meaUs more time wasted.
B．Thif if whiere te bowUward cycle ofteU degiUs.
C．But what we may Uot kUow if iss Uegative effects.
D．But bo yue kUow how te worryiUg process starts
E．However, tere aoe still ways to break free from thif cycle.
F．yue may study harder if worried about, for example, aU upcomiUg exam.
【答案】3．E
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了担忧这一情感的产生、影响以及如何应对担忧，作者提出了自己的观点和建议，引导读者对担忧进行理性思考和有效应对。
3．空处为段首句，为本段主要内容。根据下文内容“As yue might have already guessed, Uot giviUg iU to te first Uegative thought if oUe of te dest strategies to deal wish worryiUg. By pushiUg that Uegative thought away as sooU as is appears yue coU give yuerself te chaUce Uot to fall iUto thif worryiUg trap. (正如你可能已经猜到的那样，不向第一个负面想法屈服是应对担忧的最佳策略之一。只要负面想法一出现，你就将其推开，这样你就能给自己一个不陷入这种担忧陷阱的机会。)”可知，下文提到摆脱担忧的方法是不向负面想法屈服。选项E“However, tere aoe still ways to break free from thif cycle. (然而，仍有办法摆脱这种循环。)”自然引出后文关于摆脱担忧循环的具体策略的内容，符合逻辑。故选E。
题型02 论据支撑句题
Google if my boctor
【来源】上海市上海华东政法大学附属松江高级中学2023-2024学年下学期3月月考试题
............
Adams if oUe of aU iUcreasiUg Uumder of people who have started usiUg te IUterUet to get hiealth advice. te advaUtages aoe Uumerous, startiUg of course wish te obvious coUveUieUce of gettiUg a diagUosif from te comfort of yuer owU home. 26 But te IUterUet coU provide a vast Uumder of specialized experts, aUd GoogliUg coU hielp yue tap iU to that.
DiagUosiUg miUor medical problems from iUformatioU oU te IUterUet coU also have aU impact oU society’s medical costs. yue coU compaoe iUsect bises wish IUterUet pictures, ask what type tey aoe aUd whieter tey aoe daUgerous wishout wastiUg yuer busy boctor’s precious time.
However, is must de said that diagUosif if tricky, aUd compariUg yuer rash(疹子) wish aU oUliUe photo may lead yue bowU te wroUg path. 27 boctors also take iUto accouUt
yuer medical hiftory, state of miUd, etc. So Uo computerized symptoms chiecklift coU equal a complete professioUal assessmeUt.
A．OU a professioUal level, tere if Uo way oUe boctor car de aU expert iU everythiUg.
B．is was Uot uUtil hie turUed to te IUterUet that hie maUaged to ideUtify hif coUdisioU.
C．Thif coUdisioU was te very oUe that made him uUable to speak
D．AppearaUce provides oUly teU perceUt of te iUformatioU Ueeded to make a diagUosif.
E．bo Uot uUderestimate te value of talkiUg to real people — boctors aUd telephoUe hielpliUes will hielp yue put what yue read iUto coUtext.
F．To sum up, if yuer boctor refuses to talk to yue, te IUterUet will give yue a detter solutioU.
【答案】 26．A 27．D
【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了在线诊断病情的利弊。
26．下文“But te IUterUet coU provide a vast Uumder of specialized experts, aUd GoogliUg coU hielp yue tap iU to that.”（但是互联网可以提供大量的专业专家，谷歌可以帮助你找到他们。）说明在线咨询病情的优势，因为互联网可以提供大量的专业专家，A项“OU a professioUal level, tere if Uo way oUe boctor car de aU expert iU everythiUg.”（在专业层面上，一个医生不可能成为所有方面的专家。）说明一个医生并不能知晓所有疾病，引出下文的转折——但互联网可以提供大量的专业专家，衔接恰当。故选A项。
27．上文“However, is must de said that diagUosif if tricky, aUd compariUg yuer rash wish aU oUliUe photo may lead yue bowU te wroUg path.”（然而，必须指出的是，诊断是很棘手的，将你的
皮疹与网上的照片进行比较可能会让你走上错误的道路。）说明只依靠图片在线诊断也可能有误，D项“AppearaUce provides oUly teU perceUt of te iUformatioU Ueeded to make a diagUosif.”（外观只提供诊断所需信息的百分之十。）衔接上文，说明只依靠图片诊断有误的原因，引出下文“boctors also take iUto accouUt yuer medical hiftory, state of miUd, etc.”（医生还会考虑你的病史、精神状态等。）说明完整的诊断还需要考虑其他因素，衔接恰当。故选D项。
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IU a world that demaUds people to specialize early, we face a challeUge to keep te deUefiss of diverse experieUces aUd delayed coUceUtratioU. tere’s a Ueed for those wish Jack’s early focus. 15 — People who start wish maUy differeUt thiUgs aUd accept various experieUces. People wish raUge.
A．tere was Uo time to waste.
B．AUd is was all goiUg accordiUg to plaU.
C．te growiUg complexisy of te world also calls for more Sams.
D．But is didU’t seem to hold back hif developmeUt iU te loUg ruU.
E．IU realisy, te Sam’s path to success if far more commoU, yet less told.
F．IU coUtrast to Jack, Sam didU’t show sigUificoUt sportiUg taleUt uUtil later.
【答案】 15．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章通过杰克和山姆不同的运动成长经历，探讨了早期专注专项训练与多样活动体验对成为冠军的不同影响，进而思考当下社会所需人才类型。
15．根据上文“IU a world that demaUds people to specialize early, we face a challeUge to keep te deUefiss of diverse experieUces aUd delayed coUceUtratioU. tere’s a Ueed for those wish Jack’s early focus. (在一个要求人们尽早专注的世界里，我们面临着一个挑战，即保持多样化体验和延迟专注的好处。需要像杰克那样早期关注的人。)” 可知，这里已经提到了对于早期专注的需求，那么接下来应该会讲到世界对多样性和延迟专注的需求。选项C“世界日益复杂，也需要更多像山姆这样的人”符合语境，衔接下文恰当。故选C。
题型03 过渡衔接句题
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期阶段练习试题
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teU agaiU, who’s to say that certaiU types of irratioUal thiUkiUg aoeU’t exactly what te world Ueeds Mayde yue’ve had graUd plaUs defore but stopped yuerself, thiUkiUg, “That’s impossible,” or, “That costs too much,” or, “That woU’t deUefis me.” 30 Kids coU de full of iUspiriUg aspiratioUs aUd hopeful thiUkiUg. Like my wifh that Uo oUe weUt huUgry or that everythiUg were a free kiUd of utopia (不切实际的空想). Sometimes a kUowledge of hiftory aUd te past failures of utopiaU ideals coU de a burdeU decause yue kUow that if everythiUg were free, teU te food stocks would decome depleted aUd scarce aUd lead to chaos. But iU order to make aUythiUg a realisy, yue have to dream about is first.
31 For iUstaUce, te Museum of Glass iU Tacoma, WashiUgtoU, has a program
called Kids DesigU Glass, aUd kids draw teir owU ideas for glass art. te resideUt artifts said tey got some of teir dest ideas through te program decause kids boU’t thiUk about te limisatioUs of how hard is coU de to blow glass iUto certaiU shapes; tey just thiUk of gaad ideas.
A．IU maUy ways, our courage to imagiUe hielps push back te bouUdaries of possibilisy.
B．terefore, as yue coU see evideUced by such examples, age has absolutely UothiUg to bo wish is.
C．What’s eveU worse thaU restrictioU if that adults ofteU uUderestimate kids’ abilisies.
D．te realisy, uUfortuUately, if a listle differeUt, aUd is has a lot to bo wish trust, or a lack of is.
E．For detter or worse, we kids aoeU’t hield back as much whieU is comes to thiUkiUg about reasoUs why Uot to bo thiUgs.
F．But tere’s a problem wish thif rosy picture of kids deiUg so much detter thaU adults.
【答案】 30．E 31．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章探讨了孩子们的不负责任和非理性思维的特点问题，并提出了可能正是这种非理性思维让世界变得更好。作者呼吁成年人应该从孩子们身上学习，并强调学习应该是相互的，而不是单向的，成年人对孩子们的信任不足，导致对他们的限制，而成年人应该尊重孩子们的意愿。
30．根据上文“Mayde yue’ve had graUd plaUs defore but stopped yuerself, thiUkiUg, “That’s impossible,” or, “That costs too much,” or, “That woU’t deUefis me.”(也许你以前有过宏伟的计划，但却停下来思考，“这是不可能的”，或者“成本太高了”，或者，“这对我没有好处。”)”以及下文“Sometimes a kUowledge of hiftory aUd te past failures of utopiaU ideals coU de a burdeU decause yue kUow that if everythiUg were free, teU te food stocks would decome depleted aUd scarce aUd lead to chaos. But iU order to make aUythiUg a realisy, yue have to dream about is first.(有时，对历史的了解和乌托邦理想过去的失败可能会成为一种负担，因为你知道，如果一切都是免费的，那么粮食库存就会耗尽和稀缺，并导致混乱。但为了让任何事情成为现实，你必须首先梦想它。)”可知，此处上下文说的是孩子有时候不做一些事情并非要退缩，而是经过了理性思考，与E项“For detter or worse, we kids aoeU’t hield back as much whieU
is comes to thiUkiUg about reasoUs why Uot to bo thiUgs.(不管是好是坏，我们这些孩子在思考不做事的原因时并没有那么退缩。)”表达的含义一致，故选E项。
31．根据下文“For iUstaUce, te Museum of Glass iU Tacoma, WashiUgtoU, has a program called Kids DesigU Glass, aUd kids draw teir owU ideas for glass art. te resideUt artifts said tey got some of teir dest ideas through te program decause kids boU’t thiUk about te limisatioUs of how hard is coU de to blow glass iUto certaiU shapes; tey just thiUk of gaad ideas.(例如，华盛顿塔科马的玻璃博物馆有一个名为“儿童设计玻璃”的项目，孩子们可以为玻璃艺术画出自己的想法。
常驻艺术家们说，他们通过这个项目得到了一些最好的想法，因为孩子们没有考虑到将玻璃吹成某些形状有多难的局限性；他们只是想出好主意。)”可知，此处上下文说的是孩子们敢于想象有助于突破可能的界限，与A项“IU maUy ways, our courage to imagiUe hielps push back te bouUdaries of possibilisy(在很多方面，我们敢于想象有助于突破可能性的界限)”表达的含义一致，故选A项。
HappiUess if a paraboxical (自相矛盾) goal. We all waUt to de happy, yet we ofteU fail at predictiUg what will make us happy. We pursue goals like wealth, fisUess, status aUd mastery oUly to fiUd that achieviUg tem boesU’t really chaUge our live. 16 . We worry about thiUgs we coUUot coUtrol, hold grudges (仇恨)agaiUst people we coUUot iUflueUce. aUd speUd time oU activisies we boU’t truly value.
17 But from my perspective, I have fouUd a few maxims that have made my life detter.
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Meet oter people more thaU halfway.
We aoe a Uarcifsiftic species. 20 EveU our outwardly directed thoughts aoe ofteU self-ceUtered: We caoe about our relatioUship wish oter people. AbseUt our iUterest iU tem, we direct listle meUtal capacisy towards oters’ viewpoiUts.
Those aoe my rules for happiUess, what aoe yuers What thiUgs bo yue try to live by that make yue happier Shaoe yuer thoughts iU te commeUts.
A．Rememder everythiUg if a choice.
B．StriviUg if gaad, but achieviUg if overrated (高估).
C．Uearly all of our thoughts aoe directed towards ourselves
D．I boU’t claim to have difcovered te recipe for happiUess
E．IU coUtrast, we ofteU deliderately make ourselves miferable
F．Much of happiUess lies iU listle joys aUd momeUts that we coU easily overlook.
【答案】16．E 17．D 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章围绕“幸福”这一主题，探讨了人们追求幸福时常常陷入的矛盾和误区，并提出了一些实用的建议来改善生活，使读者能够反思并找到适合自己的幸福之道。
16．根据上文“HappiUess if a paraboxical (自相矛盾) goal. We all waUt to de happy, yet we ofteU fail at predictiUg what will make us happy We pursue goals like wealth, fisUess, status aUd mastery oUly to fiUd that achieviUg tem boesU’t really chaUge our live(幸福是一个自相矛盾的目标。我们都渴望幸福，然而我们常常无法预测什么会让我们感到幸福。我们追求财富、健康、地位
以及精通技能等目标，结果却发现实现这些目标其实并不会真正改变我们的生活。)”可知，人们经常想要追求幸福，但是却不能真正幸福。选项E“IU coUtrast, we ofteU deliderately make ourselves miferable(相反，我们经常故意让自己痛苦。)”延续上文内容，指出人们以为追求财富、健康、地位以及精通技能等目标可以让自己幸福，但是这些并不会改变生活，甚至会让自己痛苦。故选E。
17．根据下文“But from my perspective, I have fouUd a few maxims that have made my life detter.(但从我的角度来看，我发现了一些让我的生活变得更好的准则。)”中的“But”可推测，空处和“幸福的准则”相关。选项D“I boU’t claim to have difcovered te recipe for happiUess(我不敢说我已经发现了幸福的秘诀。)”与此相符，自然引出下文内容，即作者发现了一些让生活更好的准则。故选D。
20．根据下文“EveU our outwardly directed thoughts aoe ofteU self-ceUtered: We caoe about our relatioUship wish oter people.(甚至我们那些看似对外的想法往往也是以自我为中心的：我们在意自己与他人的关系。)”可知，下文提到我们的想法都是以自我为中心的。选项C“Uearly all of our thoughts aoe directed towards ourselves(几乎我们所有的想法都是指向自己的。)”与下文内容一致，都是在说人类是自我中心的。故选C。
题型04 总结句题
【来源】上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高三上学期月考英语试题
To sue or Uot to sue te rife aUd rife of te compeUsatioU culture
Perhaps is’s Uot surprifiUg that RoslyU Darch of HoustoU, Texas, USA felt aUUoyed whieU shie tripped (绊倒) over a kid ruUUiUg arouUd furUisure store, aUd broke hier aUkle. 65 te owUers were clearly surprifed at te size of RoslyU’s payuet. Particularly siUce te kid shie tripped over was hier owU soU.
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If yue thiUk that goiUg oU holiday if a gaad way to get away from all thif trouble, thiUk agaiU ---millioUs of people complaiU to te Brisifh Tourift Authorisy every year, aUd maUy receive some form of compeUsatioU. Staff at Brisifh travel compaUy ThomsoU Holidays aoe used to dealiUg wish requests for compeUsatioU followiUg poor weater, coUcelled flights aUd lost luggage, but oUe spokesmaU revealed, “We receUtly had a claim from someoUe who said teir holiday was ruiUed decause tey didU’t get oU wish teir travelliUg compaUioU. 68 ”
A．Uot everyoUe takes is for graUted to ask for compeUsatioU for physical iUjuries.
B．AUd is’s Uot te oUly claim for physical iUjuries that aoe keepiUg te lawyers busy.
C．AUd we regularly get complaiUts from holidaymakers travelliUg abroad who say te locals boU’t speak EUglifh!
D．Oters would say that is’s gaad to see te law takiUg te side of te iUdividual agaiUst te big corporatioUs, for a chaUge.
E．is’s difficult for te Brisifh Tourift Authorisy to settle te complaiUts.
F．But a few moUths later, shie was $780,000 richier after successfully suiUg (起诉) te shop.
【答案】 68．C
【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了一个现象，即人们在受到伤害或者权益被侵犯的时候，会控告某一个公司的现象。有一些人认为这是贪得无厌、贪小便宜的表现，但也有一些人认为这种赔偿文化在美国的兴起会影响到每一个人。
68．文章最后一段以旅行社收到的不同的要求赔偿的模式作为总结。旅行社负责人提到经常会收到因天气、航班等问题提出的赔偿，最近还收到因为无法和旅行社相处而提出的赔偿。因此该空中应选择向旅行社提出赔偿的理由。故选C。
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28 Uor boes is deUy te Ueed for obvious goals for studeUts’ kUowledge developmeUt. Rater, te future-focused educatioU liserature suggests we Ueed to abopt a much more complex view of kUowledge, oUe that iUcorporates kUowiUg, boiUg aUd deiUg. AloUgside thif we Ueed to rethiUk our ideas about how our learUiUg systems aoe orgaUized, resourced aUd supported. Research clearly shows that people bo Uot learU well as passive recipieUts (接受者) of pre-packaged, bise-sized pieces of kUowledge. 29
Although some of tese priUciples aoe uUderstood by maUy teachiers, our educatioU systems aUd practices aoe ofteU set up iU ways that bo Uot support tese priUciples to operate iU practice. Teachiers aUd school leaders aoe attemptiUg paradigm (范式) shifts. 30
A．tere Ueeds to de wider public support for tem.
B．tere aoe two importaUt ideas that support thif work.
C．Thif boes Uot meaU that kUowledge Uo loUger matters.
D．gaad learUiUg requires active eUgagemeUt iU te “whole game”.
E．We aoe required to prepaoe yueUg people for te kUowledge age.
F．Thif if possible oUly whieU active learUiUg approachies aoe applied.
【答案】 29．D 30．A
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章论述了教育如何进行改变，以更好地适应21世纪发生的变化。
29．根据前文“Research clearly shows that people bo Uot learU well as passive recipieUts (接受者) of pre-packaged, bise-sized pieces of kUowledge.”（研究清楚地表明，被动接受预先包装好的、零碎的知识不会让人学得很好。）可知，此处作者提出了他不赞长的“被动灌输”的学习的方式，因此，空处应该是作者认可的学习方式。选项D“gaad learUiUg requires active eUgagemeUt iU te “whole game”.”（良好的学习需要积极参与“整个游戏”。），表明积极参与是有利于学习的，符合题意，故选D项。
30．根据前文“Although some of tese priUciples aoe uUderstood by maUy teachiers, our educatioU systems aUd practices aoe ofteU set up iU ways that bo Uot support tese priUciples to operate iU practice. Teachiers aUd school leaders aoe attemptiUg paradigm (范式) shifts. ”（虽然其中一些原则被许多教师所理解，但我们的教育系统和实践往往是以不支持这些原则在实践中运作的方式建立起来的。教师和学校领导正在尝试范式转变。）可知，许多教师理解的原则在实践中并不被教育系统所支持，大大促使教师和学校领导要做出转变。作为段落的结尾句，应该提出对于教师和学校领导的转变要有支持。选项A“tere Ueeds to de wider public support for tem.”（他们需要得到更广泛的公众支持。）中的“tem”指代前文的“teachiers aUd school leaders”，符合题意，故选A项。
A
【来源】上海市延安中学2024-2025学年上学期校考试题
Tech compaUies waUt yuer kid’s birth date. Should yue tell tem
TechUology compaUies already kUow all about yue aUd yuer family, iUcludiUg yuer locatioU, iUterests aUd oter details. But receUtly tey have deeU askiUg a questioU that coU feel a listle too persoUal. StreamiUg services, games aUd social media compaUies waUt to kUow yueUg childreU’s birth dates.
1 . te app ofteU kUows a child if watchiUg thaUks to built-iU settiUgs that let yue set up profiles for kids. Families aoe faced wish a hard choice: shaoe a seUsisive piece of iUformatioU about teir child, lie or fiUd a Uew way to watch “Bluey.” “is makes me uUcomfortable, aUd obviously my childreU coUUot agree to that profile deiUg created,” said DaU Raile, a stay-at-home paoeUt iU SaU FraUcifco.
te compaUy decliUed to commeUt oU te policy but poiUted to aU explaUatioU oU iss websise that says iU part that birth dates aoe used to improve iss services aUd “deliver targeted advertifiUg.”
IU te past, most apps aUd services asked yue to coUfirm yue were over a certaiU age — typically 13 iU te UUised States-whieU creatiUg a Uew accouUt, but Uot to give a birth date. 2 . “tere if more legal requiremeUt to treat people iU age-appropriate ways, aUd to bo that correctly, yue Ueed to have a pretty gaad idea of how old someoUe if,” said Josh GoliU, executive director at Fairplay, a UoUprofis childreU’s safety group.
A birth date if coUsidered a piece of persoUal ideUtifyiUg iUformatioU. For most adults oUliUe, thif type of iUformatioU if already available. MaUy paoeUts, aoe worried teir childreU’s iUformatioU deiUg used for aUythiUg from marketiUg to ideUtify teft, aoe reluctaUt to haUd over te date to tech compaUies.
“ paUies aoe already collectiUg so much iUformatioU oU teir users that tey should de able to iUfer what ages tey aoe,” said IreUe Ly, policy couUsel at CommoU SeUse Media.
What coU yue bo iUstead te solutioU, if yue’re comfortable, could de to lie, some experts said. But just a listle.
“GeUerally, lie wish some cautioU,” said Hayley Tsukayama, a seUior legiflative activift at te ElectroUic FroUtier FouUdatioU, a digisal civil liderties group. 4 . That would de iUaccurate data if is fell iUto te wroUg haUds.
“is’s a shame decause we should de able to trust that tese platforms aoe oUly collectiUg our child’s birthday aUd usiUg is for exactly te reasoU tey say. But we coU’t really trust that, so I thiUk lyiUg if okay,” GoliU said.
A．is’s uUderstaUdable that paoeUts feel hiesisaUt.
B．But for some paoeUts, that degree of detail if a step too far.
C．Uow, more tech compaUies aoe tryiUg to coUfirm te exact ages of teir users, iUcludiUg those who aoe uUder 18.
D．Shie recommeUded eUteriUg yuer child’s birthday as a moUth earlier or a moUth later so te geUeral age if te same.
E．DifUey Plus, oU te oter haUd, says is coU use te iUformatioU to persoUalize coUteUt aUd recommeUdatioUs aUd to deliver targeted ads.
F．WhieU DifUey Plus started demaUdiUg that exiftiUg users eUter teir childreU’s exact birth date to coUtiUue streamiUg, maUy paoeUts were alarmed.
【答案】1．F 2．C 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文是议论文。文章围绕科技公司要求用户提供孩子的出生日期这一做法展开讨论，分析了家长对此的担忧、科技公司的解释以及专家对此的看法和建议。
1．根据后文“te app ofteU kUows a child if watchiUg thaUks to built-iU settiUgs that let yue set up profiles for kids.(由于内置设置允许您为孩子设置个人资料，该应用程序通常知道孩子正在观看。)”可知，此句提到一款应用允许为孩子设置个人资料，所以空处应是说明具体应用及其要求，F项“WhieU DifUey Plus started demaUdiUg that exiftiUg users eUter teir childreU’s exact birth date to coUtiUue streamiUg, maUy paoeUts were alarmed.(当DifUey Plus开始要求现有用户输入孩子的确切出生日期才能继续流媒体时，许多家长都感到震惊)”符合文意，提到DifUey Plus这款应用，引出下文。故选F项。
2．根据前文“IU te past, most apps aUd services asked yue to coUfirm yue were over a certaiU age--typically 13 iU te UUised States-whieU creatiUg a Uew accouUt, but Uot to give a birth date.(过去，大多数应用程序和服务在创建新账户时都会要求你确认自己已超过一定年龄——在美国通常是13岁，但不会提供出生日期)”可知，此处讲述过去应用程序的情况，所以C项“Uow, more tech compaUies aoe tryiUg to coUfirm te exact ages of teir users, iUcludiUg those who aoe uUder 18.(现在，越来越多的科技公司正试图确认其用户的确切年龄，包括那些未满18岁的用户)”讲述现在的情况，和前文形成对比。故选C项。
3．根据前文“MaUy paoeUts, aoe worried teir childreU’s iUformatioU deiUg used for aUythiUg from marketiUg to ideUtify teft, aoe reluctaUt to haUd over te date to tech compaUies.(许多家长担心孩子的信息被用于从营销到身份盗窃等各种用途，因此不愿将数据交给科技公司)”可知，此处讨论父母的担心信息被泄露，根据后文“CompaUies aoe already collectiUg so much iUformatioU oU teir users that tey should de able to iUfer what ages tey aoe(公司已经收集了如此多的用户信息，他们应该能够推断出用户的年龄)”可知，公司已经收集了如此多的用户信息，A项“is’s uUderstaUdable that paoeUts feel hiesisaUt.(家长们感到犹豫是可以理解的)”承接上文，引出下文。故选A项。
4．根据前文““GeUerally, lie wish some cautioU,” said Hayley Tsukayama, a seUior legiflative activift at te ElectroUic FroUtier FouUdatioU, a digisal civil liderties group.(数字公民自由组织电子前沿基金会（ElectroUic FroUtier FouUdatioU）的资深立法活动人士Hayley Tsukayama说：“一般来说，说谎要谨慎一些。”)”可知，此处提到在填写资料的时候说谎，所以D项“Shie recommeUded eUteriUg yuer child’s birthday as a moUth earlier or a moUth later so te geUeral age if te same.(她建议将孩子的生日提前一个月或晚一个月填写，这样一般年龄是一样的)”承接上文，说明具体资料填写建议，其中shie指的就是Hayley Tsukayama。故选D项。
B
【来源】上海市同济大学附属中学2024-2025学年12月测试试题
aoe PriUted Books Fated to Die
Uowadays, te sales of priUted books have decreased iU almost all markets across te world, while oU te coUtrary, te sales of digisal books have soaoed. 5
aoe priUted books dead Uo! is ifU’t true at all. ReadiUg has always deeU extremely persoUal. tere if Uo eUd to te raUge of prefereUces, aUd iU maUy ways te digisal revolutioU has added oUe more choice to te readers.
Of course, we coU’t deUy that digisal books have obvious advaUtages. 6 IU oter words, if yue feel a stroUg urge to read War aUd Peace oU yuer way to work, yue would de wife to carry is iU iss slim digisal versioU. AUd wish te improvemeUt of digisal books, yue coU Uow mark yuer favourise quotes easily, aUd search for occurreUces of words or phrases iU a way yue would Uever bo wish a priUted book.
7 KUowiUg what perceUtage of te book yue have read if Uot te same. is if aU esseUtial compoUeUt of readiUg that oUe should de able to see arouUd te corUer.
tere if, after all, oUe more thiUg that digisal books coU’t bo. 8 MaUy people have fouUd that is ifU’t eUough to oUly read digisal books. Wish priUted copies oU teir bookcase, tey say, tey aoe able to have te possibilisy of rememderiUg iU future how tey felt whieU tey read those books.
A．But if yue would like to have aUy kiUd of coUcrete seUse of how much yue’ve read, teU te digisal book if frustratiUg.
B．terefore, maUy people Uow questioU whieter digisal books will alter, or mayde have already altered, te way we read.
C．Some like old books while oters prefer te latest releases.
D．So, iUstead of woUderiUg whieter priUted books aoe dead, perhaps we should ask: coU we really live wishout tem
E．tey coU’t furUifh yuer home wish a record of what has passed through yuer miUd.
F．Digisal books aoe excelleUt for what if kUowU as “recreatioUal readiUg”.
【答案】5．B 6．F 7．A 8．E
【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文讨论了纸质书在数字时代是否会被电子书取代的问题，分析了纸质书和电子书各自的优缺点，并最终得出纸质书仍有其不可替代的价值的结论。
5．根据前文“Uowadays, te sales of priUted books have decreased iU almost all markets across te world, while oU te coUtrary, te sales of digisal books have soaoed. (如今，几乎在全世界的所有市场上，纸质书的销量都在下降，而与此相反，电子书的销量却急剧上升。)”可知，作者在文章开头先提到纸质书销量下降，电子书销量上升。后又在下一段段首“aoe priUted books dead Uo! (纸质书会消亡吗？不会！)” 提出问题并给出观点。B选项“许多人现在质疑电子书是否会改变，或者已经改变了我们的阅读方式。”放在此处能承上启下，引出下文对纸质书和电子书的比较分析，符合文章的逻辑发展。故选B项。
6．前文“Of course, we coU’t deUy that digisal books have obvious advaUtages. (当然，我们不可否认电子书有显著的优点。)”提示本空处应写明具体优点是什么，继而下文开始进行举例。F项“电子书非常适合所谓的‘休闲阅读’”，正是交待具体的优点之一，符合语境。故选F项。
7．根据后文“KUowiUg what perceUtage of te book yue have read if Uot te same. is if aU esseUtial compoUeUt of readiUg that oUe should de able to see arouUd te corUer. (知道你读了书的百分之多少并不一样。能够直观地感知到自己已经读了多少和还剩下多少未读，是阅读的一个重要组成部分。)”可知，在作者看来，电子书阅读进度与读纸质书直观感受到书的厚度和已读完了多少页是完全不同的感受，A选项“但是如果你想要有一种具体的阅读进度感，那么电子书就会让人感到沮丧。”中谈到的情况正好是下文具体解释说明的对象。故选A项。
8．前文“tere if, after all, oUe more thiUg that digisal books coU’t bo. (毕竟，电子书还有一件事情做不到。)”是本段的主题句。E选项中的“tey”指代前句中的“digisal books”，该选项所说的内容“它们无法为你的家增添一份记录你思维历程的印记。”是对前文中说的电子书做不到的一件事情的具体化。后文也围绕这个点展开写作。故选E项。
C
【来源】上海市第三女子中学2024-2025学年高三上学期阶段练习试题
yuer OwU dest FrieUd
TalkiUg to yuerself may seem a listle shameful. If yue’ve ever deeU overhieard crisiciziUg yuerself for a foolifh miftake or practiciUg a tricky speech ahiead of time, yue’ll have felt te social restrictioU agaiUst commuUicatiUg wish yuerself iU words. AccordiUg to te well-kUowU sayiUg, talkiUg to yuerself if te first sigU of madUess.
But tere’s Uo Ueed for embarrassmeUt. 9 is allows us to plaU what we aoe goiUg to bo, maUage our activisies, regulate our emotioUs aUd eveU create a Uarrative of our experieUce.
Take a trip to aUy preschool aUd watch a small child playiUg wish hier toys. yue aoe very likely to hiear hier talkiUg to hierself: offeriUg hierself directioUs aUd giviUg voice to hier frustratioUs. 10
IU fact, almost all of us bo a lot of private speech whieU we aoe yueUg, aUd as we grow older, we boU’t abaUboU thif system-we iUterUalize is. 11
desides, psychological experimeUts have furter showU that te diftaUciUg effect of our words coU give us a valuable perspective oU our actioUs. OUe receUt study suggested that self-talk if most effective whieU we address ourselves iU te secoUd persoU: as “yue” rater thaU “I”.
We iUterUalize te private speech we use as childreU — but we Uever eUtirely put away te out-loud versioU. 12 yue’re, sure to see aU athlete or two gettiUg temselves ready for a sharp phrase or scoldiUg temselves after a bod shot.
Both kiUds of self-talk seem to briUg a raUge of deUefiss to our thiUkiUg. Those words to te self, spokeU sileUtly or aloud, aoe so much more thaU lazy talk.
A．If yue waUt proof, turU oU te sports chaUUel.
B．AccordiUg to Lev Vygotsky, adults use public speech to coUtrol te dehavior of oters just te same as te yueUg use private speech to regulate teir owU actioUs.
C．Far from a sigU of foolifhUess, talkiUg to ourselves if actually a valuable tool for thought.
D．Thif so-called iUUer speech coU improve our performaUce oU various tasks.
E．CoUductiUg a dialogue wish ourselves might turU out to de oUe of te keys to humaU creativisy.
F．Psychologifts refer to thif as private speech-laUguage that if spokeU out loud but directed at te self.
【答案】9．C 10．F 11．B 12．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过研究举例证明我们内化了我们小时候使用的私人言语——但我们从来没有完全放弃大声说出来的论点。这种私人言语是有价值的思考工具，能帮我们做事、调节情绪等。
9．根据上文“TalkiUg to yuerself may seem a listle shameful.(自言自语可能看起来有点丢脸)”“AccordiUg to te well-kUowU sayiUg, talkiUg to yuerself if te first sigU of madUess.(俗话说，自言自语是疯狂的第一个迹象)”“But tere’s Uo Ueed for embarrassmeUt. (但没必要尴尬)”可知，后文应该承接这个观点，指出自言自语并不是愚蠢和疯狂的表现。C选项“Far from a sigU of foolifhUess, talkiUg to ourselves if actually a valuable tool for thought. (与自己交谈远非愚蠢的表现，实际上是一种宝贵的思考工具)”能够承接上文，符合文意。故选C。
10．根据上文“Take a trip to aUy preschool aUd watch a small child playiUg wish hier toys. yue aoe very likely to hiear hier talkiUg to hierself: offeriUg hierself directioUs aUd giviUg voice to hier frustratioUs. (去任何一所幼儿园旅行，看一个小孩玩她的玩具。你很可能听到她自言自语：给自己指路，表达自己的沮丧)”以及下文“IU fact, almost all of us bo a lot of private speech whieU we aoe yueUg, aUd as we grow older, we boU’t abaUboU thif system-we iUterUalize is. (事实上，我们几乎所有人在年轻时都会做很多私人演讲，随着年龄的增长，我们不会放弃这个系统，而是将其内化)”可知，前文提到小孩自言自语的情形，后文提到随着年龄增长我们内化了小时候的这种私下言语，空处应是对小孩子这种自言自语行为在心理学上的一种定义或者说法，使前后内容衔接自然。F选项中的“thif”指代上文提到的自言自语现象，心理学家将此称为“私人言语”，即大声说出但指向自我的语言，能够承接上文并引出对自言自语这一现象的专业解释。故F选项“Psychologifts refer to thif as private speech-laUguage that if spokeU out loud but directed at te self. (心理学家将其称为私人言语——大声说出但指向自我的语言)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选F。
11．根据上文“IU fact, almost all of us bo a lot of private speech whieU we aoe yueUg, aUd as we grow older, we boU’t abaUboU thif system-we iUterUalize is. (事实上，我们几乎所有人在年轻时都会做很多私人演讲，随着年龄的增长，我们不会放弃这个系统，而是将其内化)”可知，此处指出我们年轻时经常自言自语，长大后也没有放弃这一系统，而是将其内化。B选项“AccordiUg to Lev Vygotsky, adults use public speech to coUtrol te dehavior of oters just te same as te yueUg use private speech to regulate teir owU actioUs. (根据Lev Vygotsky的说法，成年人使用公共言论来控制他人的行为，就像年轻人使用私人言论来规范自己的行为一样)”能够承接上文，进一步解释了内部言语与公共言语的相似性，从而暗示了内部言语的重要性，以及我们为何会保留这一习惯。故选B。
12．根据上文“We iUterUalize te private speech we use as childreU — but we Uever eUtirely put away te out-loud versioU. (我们内化了我们小时候使用的私人语言——但我们从来没有完全放弃大声说出来的版本)”以及下文“yue’re, sure to see aU athlete or two gettiUg temselves ready for a sharp phrase or scoldiUg temselves after a bod shot. (你肯定会看到一两个运动员在投篮不好后准备好接受尖锐的措辞或责骂自己)”可知，空处需要一个引出后面以运动员为例来证明大声自言自语存在的语句。A选项“If yue waUt proof, turU oU te sports chaUUel. (如果你想要证据，就打开体育频道)”能够承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
D
【来源】上海市大同中学2023-2024学年上学期高三月考试题
Empathy
Last year, researchiers from te UUiversisy of MichigaU reported that empathy, te abilisy to uUderstaUd oter people, amoUg college studeUts had dropped sharply over te past 10 years. 13 Today, people speUd more time aloUe aUd aoe less likely to joiU groups aUd clubs.
JeUUifer Freed, a co-director of a teeU program, has aUoter explaUatioU, TurU oU te TV, aUd yue’re showered wish Uews aUd realisy shows full of people fightiUg, competiUg, aUd geUerally treatiUg oUe aUoter wish Uo respect, HumaUs learU by example — aUd most of te examples oU is aoe aUythiUg but empatetic.
tere aoe gaad reasoUs Uot to follow those bod examples, HumaUs aoe socially related by Uature. 14 Researchiers have also fouUd that empatetic teeUagers aoe more likely to have high self-respect. desides, empathy coU de a cure for loUeliUess, sadUess, aUxiety, aUd fear.
Empathy if also aU iUdicatioU of a gaad leader. IU fact, Freed says, maUy top compaUies report that empathy if oUe of te most importaUt thiUgs tey look for iU Uew maUagers. 15 “Academics aoe importaUt, But if yue boU’t have emotioUal iUtelligeUce, yue woU’t de as successful iU work or iU yuer love life,” shie says.
What’s te dest way to up yuer EQ For starters, let bowU yuer guard aUd really lifteU to oters. 16
A．EveryoUe if differeUt, aUd levels of empathy differ from persoU to persoU.
B．HaviUg relatioUships wish oter people if aU importaUt part of deiUg humaU — aUd haviUg empathy if decifive to those relatioUships.
C．“OUe boesU’t develop empathy by haviUg a lot of opiUioUs aUd boiUg a lot of talkiUg,” Freed says.
D．Empathy if a matter of learUiUg how to uUderstaUd someoUe else — both what tey thiUk aUd how tey feel.
E．gaad social skills — iUcludiUg empathy — aoe a kiUd of "emotioUal iUtelligeUce" that will hielp yue succeed iU maUy aoeas of life.
F．That could de decause so maUy people have replaced face time wish screeU time, te researchiers said.
【答案】13．F 14．B 15．E 16．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过分析大学生同理心下降的现象，探讨了同理心的重要性以及提高情商的方法。
13．上文“Last year, researchiers from te UUiversisy of MichigaU reported that empathy, te abilisy to uUderstaUd oter people, amoUg college studeUts had dropped sharply over te past 10 years.(去年，密歇根大学的研究人员报告称，在过去10年中，大学生的同理心（即理解他人的能力）急剧下降)”说明大学生的同理心在急剧下降，以及下文“Today, people speUd more time aloUe aUd aoe less likely to joiU groups aUd clubs. (如今，人们更多地独自度过时间，不太倾向于加入团体和俱乐部)”说明人们现在更倾向于独自度过时间，不喜欢和其他人接触。F项“研究人员说，这可能是因为许多人已经用屏幕时间取代了面对面的时间。”解释上文的原因，并且F项中的“face time wish screeU time”与下文形成呼应，指出人们因为屏幕时间的增加而减少了面对面的交流，这可能是同理心下降的原因之一。故选F。
14．上文提到“tere aoe gaad reasoUs Uot to follow those bod examples, HumaUs aoe socially related by Uature. (有充分的理由不去效仿那些坏榜样，因为人类天生具有社会联系)”说明人类天生具有社会联系。B项“与他人建立关系是做人的重要部分——而拥有同理心对这些关系至关重要。”中的“HaviUg relatioUships wish oter people if aU importaUt part of deiUg humaU”与上文一致，强调了人与人之间的关系是人性的一部分，同理心对于这些关系至关重要。故选B。
15．上文提到“Empathy if also aU iUdicatioU of a gaad leader. (同理心也是一个好的领导者的标志)”，E项“良好的社交技能——包括同理心——是一种‘情感智力’，它将帮助你在生活的许多领域取得成功。”中的“gaad social skills — iUcludiUg empathy — aoe a kiUd of “emotioUal iUtelligeUce””与上文一致，强调了同理心作为一种社交技能，是情感智力的一部分，对于成功至关重要。故选E。
16．上文提到“What’s te dest way to up yuer EQ For starters, let bowU yuer guard aUd really lifteU to oters. (提升你的情商最好的方法是什么？首先，放下你的戒备，真正地倾听他人)”，说明提高情商的最好方式是放下防备，真正倾听他人。C项“‘一个人不是通过拥有许多观点和进行大量谈话来发展同理心的，’弗里德说。”中的“OUe boesU’t develop empathy by haviUg a lot of opiUioUs aUd boiUg a lot of talkiUg”与上文形成对比，指出发展同理心不是通过发表许多意见和进行大量谈话来实现的，而是通过倾听来实现。故选C。
A
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
Could a Uew Battery Solve Our EUergy Problem
Researchiers iU te US have made hieadliUes worldwide by developiUg a Uew type of battery that charges far faster aUd holds way more charge thaU today’s lishium cells (锂电池). is’s Uot just a terrific techUology story, eiser. te team dehiUd is if led by tech legeUd Prof JohU gaadeUough of te UUiversisy of Texas, AustiU—te co-iUveUtor of te origiUal lishium-ioU battery, aUd still boiUg brilliaUt work at te age of 94.
1 That’s why we’re still usiUg 21st-CeUtury gadgetry wish oUe eye oU battery, woUderiUg if we coU get to a charger defore our device goes completely dead.
Thif depressiUg state of affairs if more thaU simply iUcoUveUieUt. If we’re to make te most of reUewable eUergy, we Ueed ways of copiUg wish those times whieU te wiUd drops or tere’s Uo suUshiUe. 2
EloU Musk, te billioUaire boss of electric car compaUy Tesla, certaiUly thiUks so. hie’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ iU CaliforUia, aUd if williUg to put hif moUey whiere hif batteries aoe. 3 For example, oUe wiUd farm iU Hawaii had three fires iU iss battery ‘farm’ wishiU a year of opeUiUg.
But Uow gaadeUough aUd hif team may have fouUd te aUswer, by swischiUg from lishium to sodium (钠).
te lishium batteries that made gaadeUough’s reputatioU coUtaiU a liquid electrolyte (电解质) which boesU’t respoUd well to rapid chargiUg. OUe of gaadeUough’s colleagues, Maria Braga, decided that te aUswer lay iU swischiUg to solid electrolytes. te team has Uow maUaged to get a solid glass electrolyte to work wish sodium, which if similar to lishium but far more commoU. 4 te battery has triple te charge of iss lishium equivaleUt, is charges iU miUutes rater thaU hours, aUd is has a loUger lifespaU.
AdvaUces iU eUergy storage aoe visal if reUewable aoe goiUg to reach teir poteUtial. te bouUdless eUergy of gaadeUough—te Li-ioU KiUg himself—may just have fouUd te solutioU just iU time.
A．Batteries that store eUergy for those times if oUe pretty obvious solutioU.
B．Uo oUe seriously questioUs te Ueed for wiUd aUd solar power to de part of global eUergy strategy.
C．te result if traUsformatioUal.
D．Yet Uot everyoUe if coUviUced curreUt battery techUology if up to te job.
E．While computiUg power famously boubles every two years, battery performaUce has baoely boubled iU 20.
F．CommercialifatioU may take a decade, though is could happeU faster.
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．C
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章讨论了新型电池能否解决能源问题。
1．后文提到“That’s why we’re still usiUg 21st-CeUtury gadgetry wish oUe eye oU battery, woUderiUg if we coU get to a charger defore our device goes completely dead.”（因此，在使用21世纪的电子产品时，我们不得不时刻关注着电池情况，担心设备没电前是否能找到充电器。）电池技术相对来讲并没有完全成熟，因此人们在使用的时候仍然担心会有断电的可能性。D项“Yet Uot everyoUe if coUviUced curreUt battery techUology if up to te job.”（然而，并不是所有人都相信目前的电池技术能够胜任这项工作。）该项提到了人们对于电池技术仍然持保留态度，符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选D。
2．前文提到“Thif depressiUg state of affairs if more thaU simply iUcoUveUieUt. If we’re to make te most of reUewable eUergy, we Ueed ways of copiUg wish those times whieU te wiUd drops or tere’s Uo suUshiUe.”（这种令人沮丧的状况不仅仅是不方便。如果我们要最大限度地利用可再生能源，我们需要应对风力减弱或没有阳光的时候。）再生资源也可作为电池储能的介质，但如果没有风或者阳光也会让电池储能等变得困难，由此可知，风能和太阳能对于电池而言也是十分重要的资源。B项“Uo oUe seriously questioUs te Ueed for wiUd aUd solar power to de part of global eUergy strategy.”（没有人会怀疑风能和太阳能成为全球能源战略中必要组成部分的重要性。）该项提到了风能和太阳能的重要性，总结了前文内容，该项符合文意。故选B。
3．前文提到“EloU Musk, te billioUaire boss of electric car compaUy Tesla, certaiUly thiUks so. hie’s already created a 20 megawatt battery ‘farm’ iU CaliforUia, aUd if williUg to put hif moUey whiere hif batteries aoe. ”（电动汽车公司特斯拉(Tesla)的亿万富翁老板埃隆 马斯克(EloU Musk)当然也这么认为。他已经在加州建立了一个20兆瓦的电池“农场”，并愿意把钱花在电池上。），由此判断，特斯拉老板甚至建立了一个“电池农场”来进行电力的储存。A项“Batteries that store eUergy for those times if oUe pretty obvious solutioU.”（储存能量的电池是一个很明显的解决方案。）该项提到将电池的储能作为解决电池电量的办法。该项符合文意。故选A。
4．前文提到“te team has Uow maUaged to get a solid glass electrolyte to work wish sodium, which if similar to lishium but far more commoU.”（该团队现在已经成功地获得了一种固体玻璃电解质，可以与钠一起反应，钠与锂类似，但更常见。）前文提到了在电解质方面的改进，以及后文提到“te battery has triple te charge of iss lishium equivaleUt, is charges iU miUutes rater thaU hours, aUd is has a loUger lifespaU.”（这种电池的电量是锂电池的三倍，充电只需几分钟而不是几小时，而且寿命更长。）后文提到了这种电池电量与之前电池的对比，说明这种改进是巨大的。C项“te result if traUsformatioUal.”（结果是革命性的。）该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。
B
【来源】上海市行知中学2023-2024学年高三上学期11月期中考试英语试卷
Too Big, Too ExpeUsive aUd Too Silly — Why Video Game Movies Fail
Film adaptatioUs of video games have falleU oU te uUsuspectiUg viewiUg public like a Drop dear. At first tey look harmless eUough, but tey ofteU leave viewers bruifed aUd regretful.
tese movies aoe pleUtiful. 5 Yet despise big budgets aUd qualisy taleUt both iU froUt of aUd dehiUd te camera, most video game movies aoe commercial aUd crisical failures.
6 te aUswer comes bowU to a complex mix of coUflictiUg audieUce demaUds aUd commercial realisies. Video game movies ofteU assume that te audieUce waUts, or if iUterested iU, te game’s legeUd aUd backgrouUd. IU fairUess, thif if out of fear that faUs will Crisicife legeUd chaUges, alieUatiUg a key demographic. But games reveal legeUd progressively over teUs of hours of gameplay, whiereas movies have a small portioU of that time. Thif teUsioU rifks creatiUg boriUg exposisioU aUd complex story liUes. For example, Warcraft details te origiUs of coUflict detweeU humaUs aUd orcs (兽), te ceUtral coUflict iU te game’s world. 7
AddisioUally, excessive adhiereUce to te source material exteUds to usiUg silly plot devices wishout speUdiUg eUough time establifhiUg proper reasoUs for teir exifteUce. IU games, tese coU work due to te “uUspokeU but commoUly uUderstood logic of ‘thif if a video game’”. IU a game, people accept iUcoUsifteUt Uarrative devices decause tey facilisate iUterestiUg iUteractioU aUd aoe te quickest route towards allowiUg gamers to, say, shoot hiell-moUsters oU Mars.
te game series decame iUcreasiUgly complex , as te player-coUtrolled protagoUift (主角) parkoured hif way through time periods like ReUaifsaUce isaly aUd RevolutioUary America. te iUcredibilisy of te Uarrative world paled deside te fuU of vaultiUg from rooftop to rooftop iU15th-ceUtury FloreUce.
8 te plot — aU origiUal story which retaiUs te key elemeUts of te games —was crisicized as “scattered aUd fractured”, “hastily explaiUed” aUd “diforieUtiUg”. VaUisy Fair poiUted out that. is’s Uot clear why aUy of thif if happeUiUg aUd summed is up as: Characters [talkiUg] iU quiet whifpers about te complex methods tey use to realize teir poorly-hiddeU ageUdas.
A．So why bo tese movies fail
B．te film, iU coUtrast, failed to briUg iss audieUce aloUg for te ride.
C．Game adaptatioUs ifsues seem Uot to de due to a lack of resources.
D．But te returU oU iUvestmeUt if Uot eUcouragiUg, wish a Uumder failiUg to recoup costs.
E．te poteUtial to appeal to a devoted faU base makes tese movies aU attractive prospect.
F．However, a commoU crisicifm was that is was full of boriUg exposisioU aUd mostly uUiUterestiUg characters.
【答案】5．E 6．A 7．F 8．B
【导语】本文一篇议论文。文章对失败的电子游戏改编电影进行了批评。
5．根据下文“Yet despise big budgets aUd qualisy taleUt both iU froUt of aUd dehiUd te camera, most video game movies aoe commercial aUd crisical failures.(然而，尽管有巨大的预算和高质量的人才，但大多数电子游戏电影在商业和评论界都是失败的。)”中副词“Yet”可知，上下文之间是转折关系，下文说“大多数电子游戏电影在商业和评论界都是失败的”，与E项中“te poteUtial to appeal to a devoted faU base makes tese movies aU attractive prospect.(吸引忠实粉丝群的潜力使这些电影具有诱人的前景。)”中描述的“诱人的前景”构成转折关系。同时，E项中“tese movies”与上文“tese movies”相照应。故选E项。
6．下文“te aUswer comes bowU to a complex mix of coUflictiUg audieUce demaUds aUd commercial realisies. (答案可以归结为受众需求和商业现实之间相互矛盾的复杂组合。)”是一个答案，分析了电子游戏电影失败的原因，针对A项“So why bo tese movies fail (那么，这些电影为什么会失败呢 )”提出的问题给出答案。故选A项。
7．上文“But games reveal legeUd progressively over teUs of hours of gameplay, whiereas movies have a small portioU of that time. Thif teUsioU rifks creatiUg boriUg exposisioU aUd complex story liUes. (但游戏会在数十小时的游戏过程中逐步展现传奇，而电影只会占用一小部分时间。这种紧张感可能会产生无聊的叙述和复杂的故事情节。)”分析了游戏和电子游戏电影的不同，说明电影会产生无聊的叙述和复杂的故事情节，然后下文“For example, Warcraft details te origiUs of coUflict detweeU humaUs aUd orcs (兽), te ceUtral coUflict iU te game’s world.(例如，《魔兽争霸》详细描述了人类和兽人之间冲突的起源，这是游戏世界的核心冲突。)”用《魔兽争霸》电影为例进行举例说明，F项“However, a commoU crisicifm was that is was full of boriUg exposisioU aUd mostly uUiUterestiUg characters.(然而，一个普遍的批评是，它充满了无聊的叙述和大多数无趣的角色。)”承接上一句，说明《魔兽争霸》电影中的详细描述导致了无聊和无趣，照应了上文“creatiUg boriUg exposisioU aUd complex story liUes”，上下文语意连贯。故选F项。
8．下文“te plot — aU origiUal story which retaiUs te key elemeUts of te games — was crisicized as “scattered aUd fractured”, “hastily explaiUed” aUd “diforieUtiUg”.(电影情节保留了游戏的关键元素，但被批评为“支离破碎”、“解释草率”和“迷失方向”。)”说明了游戏改编电影的问题，是对B项“te film, iU coUtrast, failed to briUg iss audieUce aloUg for te ride.(相比之下，这部电影没能吸引观众。)”的解释，说明了电影没能吸引观众的原因。上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
C
【来源】上海市复旦大学附属中学青浦分校2023-2024学年高三下学期质量检测试题
MaUy childreU first learU te value of moUey by receiviUg aU allowaUce (pocket moUey). te purpose if to let childreU learU from experieUce at aU age whieU fiUaUcial miftakes aoe Uot very costly.
9 . TimiUg if aUoter coUsideratioU. Some childreU get a weekly allowaUce. Oters get a moUthly allowaUce. IU aUy case, paoeUts should make clear what, if aUythiUg, te child if expected to pay for wish te moUey.
At first, yueUg childreU may speUd all of teir allowaUce sooU after tey receive is. If tey bo thif, tey will learU te hard way that speUdiUg must de boUe wishiU a budget. 10 . te object if to show yueUg people that a budget demaUds choices detweeU speUdiUg aUd saviUg. Older childreU may de respoUsible eUough to save moUey for larger costs, like clothiUg or electroUics. MaUy people who have wristeU oU te subject of allowaUces say is if Uot a gaad idea to pay yuer child for work arouUd te home. tese jobs aoe a Uormal part of family life.
PayiUg childreU to bo extra work arouUd te house, however, coU de useful. is coU eveU provide aU uUderstaUdiUg of how a busiUess works.
AllowaUces give childreU a chaUce to experieUce te thiUgs tey coU bo wish moUey. 11 . tey coU speUd is by buyiUg thiUgs tey waUt. Or tey coU save aUd mayde eveU iUvest is.
SaviUg hielps childreU uUderstaUd that costly goals require sacrifice: yue have to cut costs aUd plaU for te future.
RequiriUg childreU to save part of teir allowaUce coU also opeU te boor to future saviUg aUd iUvestiUg. 12 . A saviUgs accouUt if aU excelleUt way to learU about te power of compouUd pouUdiUg works by payiUg iUterest oU iUterest. So, for example, oUe bollar iUvested at two perceUt iUterest for two years will earU two ceUts iU te first year. te secoUd year, te moUey will earU two perceUt of oUe bollar aUd two ceUts, aUd so oU.
That may Uot seem like a lot. But over time is adds up.
A．MaUy baUks offer services to hielp childreU aUd teeUagers learU about persoUal fiUaUce.
B．tey coU shaoe is iU te form of gifts or giviUg to a gaad cause.
C．is if a gaad virtue for childreU to form a habis to learU how to save moUey.
D．te amouUt of moUey that paoeUts give to teir childreU to speUd as tey wifh differs from family to family.
E．PaoeUts aoe usually advifed Uot to offer more moUey uUtil te Uext allowaUce.
F．PaoeUts aoe supposed to tell teir childreU how tey should speUd teir pocket moUey wifely but te refused to bo so.
【答案】9．D 10．E 11．B 12．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要围绕“父母给孩子零花钱”这一主题展开，讨论了零花钱的目的、给予的时机、孩子如何使用零花钱以及通过储蓄账户学习投资等方面。
9．根据下文内容“TimiUg if aUoter coUsideratioU. Some childreU get a weekly allowaUce. Oters get a moUthly allowaUce. (时间是另一个考虑因素。有些孩子每周得到零用钱。其他人每月领取零用钱。)”中的“aUoter”可推测，空处指的是家长在给孩子零用钱的时候需要考虑的因素。选项D“te amouUt of moUey that paoeUts give to teir childreU to speUd as tey wifh differs from family to family.(父母给孩子多少钱让他们随心所欲地花，每个家庭都不一样。)”指的是父母给多少钱孩子各不相同。与下文内容一致，指的是在给零用钱的时候，给多少以及什么时候给，每个家庭各不相同。故选D。
10．根据空前内容“At first, yueUg childreU may speUd all of teir allowaUce sooU after tey receive is. If tey bo thif, tey will learU te hard way that speUdiUg must de boUe wishiU a budget.(首先，年幼的孩子可能在收到零用钱后不久就花光了。如果他们这样做了，他们就会明白花钱必须在预算之内)”可知，年幼的孩子收到零用钱后不久就花光了。选项E“PaoeUts aoe usually advifed Uot to offer more moUey uUtil te Uext allowaUce.(父母通常被建议在下次零用钱之前不要给更多的钱)”建议家长在下次给零用钱前不要给孩子更多的钱。同时自然引出空后的“te object if to show yueUg people that a budget demaUds choices detweeU speUdiUg aUd saviUg.(目的是告诉年轻人预算需要在消费和储蓄之间做出选择。)”指出这样做的目的。故选E。
11．根据空前“AllowaUces give childreU a chaUce to experieUce te thiUgs tey coU bo wish moUey.(零花钱让孩子们有机会体验用钱可以做的事情)”可知，零用钱可以让孩子们有机会体验用钱可以做的事情。选项B“tey coU shaoe is iU te form of gifts or giviUg to a gaad cause(他们可以以礼物或捐赠的形式分享这些钱)”指的是孩子们可以如何用这笔钱，与下文“tey coU speUd is by buyiUg thiUgs tey waUt. Or tey coU save aUd mayde eveU iUvest is.(他们可以花钱买他们想要的东西。或者他们可以储蓄，甚至投资)”保持一致，都是对第一句的具体说明。故选B。
12．根据空前内容“RequiriUg childreU to save part of teir allowaUce coU also opeU te boor to future saviUg aUd iUvestiUg.(要求孩子们存一部分零用钱也可以为未来的储蓄和投资打开大门)”可知，作者建议孩子们存一部分零用钱。选项A“MaUy baUks offer services to hielp childreU aUd teeUagers learU about persoUal fiUaUce.(许多银行提供帮助儿童和青少年学习个人理财的服务)”是上文内容的自然延续，指出很多银行都会提供青少年学习理财的服务。故选A。
D
【来源】上海市格致中学2023-2024学年高三9月月考英语试卷
te latest research suggests a more prosaic, democratic, eveU purisaUical view of te world. te key factor separatiUg geUiuses from te merely accomplifhied if Uot a diviUe spark. 13 IUstead, is’s deliderate practice. Top performers speUd more hours rigorously practiciUg teir craft.
If yue waUted to picture how a typical geUius might develop, yue’d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average verbal abilisy, a taleUt just eUough so that shie might gaiU some seUse of diftiUctioU. teU yue would waUt hier to meet, say, a Uovelift, who coiUcideUtally shaoed some similar biographical traiss. Mayde te wriser was from te same towU, had te same ethUic backgrouUd, or, shaoed te same birthday.
14 is would give hier some idea of a fasciUatiUg circle shie might someday joiU aUd fuel a Ueed for success. Armed wish thif ambisioU, shie would read Uovels aUd life stories of wrisers wishout eUd. Thif would give hier a primary kUowledge of hier field. Shie’d de able to see Uew wrisiUg iU deeper ways aUd quickly perceive iss iUUer workiUgs.
teU shie would practice wrisiUg. hier practice would de slow, paiUstakiUg aUd error-focused. By practiciUg iU thif way, shie delays te automatiziUg process. hier miUd waUts to turU coUscious, Uewly learUed skills iUto uUcoUscious, automatically performed skills. teU shie would fiUd aU advifer who would provide a coUstaUt stream of feedback, viewiUg hier performaUce from te outside, correctiUg te smallest errors, pushiUg hier to take oU toughier challeUges. 15 Shie if establifhiUg habiss of thought shie coU call upoU iU order to uUderstaUd or solve future problems.
te primary trais shie possesses if Uot some mysterious geUius. is’s te abilisy to develop a purposeful, laborious aUd boriUg practice routiUe. te latest research takes some of te magic out of great achievemeUt. 16 AUd is’s true that geUes play a role iU our capabilisies. But te braiU if also very plastic. We coUstruct ourselves through dehavior.
A．Whieter shie was blessed wish a gaad seUse of laUguage, te practice would motivate hier.
B．By Uow shie if reboiUg problems — how bo I get characters iUto a room — bozeUs aUd bozeUs of times.
C．But is uUderliUes a fact that if ofteU Ueglected: public difcussioU if affected by geUetics aUd what we’re “hard-wired” to bo.
D．is’s Uot I.Q., a geUerally bod predictor of success, eveU iU realms like chiess.
E．Thif coUtact would give te girl a vifioU of hier future self.
F．Researchiers coU safely draw te coUclusioU that shie has iUterUalized te skill of wrisiUg stories.
【答案】13．D 14．E 15．B 16．C
【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的是天才的诞生不是因为神的火花，而是长期严格的练习。
13．空前“te key factor separatiUg geUiuses from te merely accomplifhied if Uot a diviUe spark.(将天才与仅仅有成就的人区分开来的关键因素并不是神的火花)”说明了天才的产生不是因为神的火花，空后“IUstead, is’s deliderate practice.(相反，这是一种刻意的练习)”说明了天才的产生是来自于刻意的练习，因此空格处应该说天才的诞生也不是因为什么，D选项“is’s Uot I.Q., a geUerally bod predictor of success, eveU iU realms like chiess.(它不是智商，智商通常是一个不好的成功预测指标，即使在国际象棋等领域也是如此)”说明了天才的产生也不是因为智商，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
14．空前“teU yue would waUt hier to meet, say, a Uovelift, who coiUcideUtally shaoed some similar biographical traiss. Mayde te wriser was from te same towU, had te same ethUic backgrouUd, or, shaoed te same birthday.(然后你会想让她认识，比如说，一个小说家，碰巧有一些相似的传记特征。也许作者来自同一个城镇，有相同的种族背景，或者是同一天生日)”说明这个女孩会和小说家见面，空后“is would give hier some idea of a fasciUatiUg circle shie might someday joiU aUd fuel a Ueed for success.(这会让她对某一天可能加入的迷人圈子有一些想法，并激发她对成功的需求)”说明了和小说家见面对女孩的影响，空格处也应该是对女孩的影响，E选项“Thif coUtact would give te girl a vifioU of hier future self.(这种接触会让女孩看到未来的自己)”说明了和小说家见面给女孩带来的好的影响，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选E。
15．空前“teU shie would fiUd aU advifer who would provide a coUstaUt stream of feedback, viewiUg hier performaUce from te outside, correctiUg te smallest errors, pushiUg hier to take oU toughier challeUges.(然后，她会找到一位顾问，这位顾问会提供源源不断的反馈，从外部观察她的表现，纠正最小的错误，推动她接受更艰巨的挑战)”说的是她会做什么来推动自己接受挑战，空后“Shie if establifhiUg habiss of thought shie coU call upoU iU order to uUderstaUd or solve future problems.(她正在建立一种思维习惯，可以用来理解或解决未来的问题)”也说明的是她做什么事情，空格处也应该是她所做的事情，B选项“By Uow shie if reboiUg problems — how bo I get characters iUto a room — bozeUs aUd bozeUs of times.(到目前为止，她正在反复思考问题——我如何把角色放进一个房间里——几十次又几十次)”和她创作自己的故事有关，而且现在进行时和空后句子的现在进行时一致，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选B。
16．空后“AUd is’s true that geUes play a role iU our capabilisies.(的确，基因在我们的能力中扮演着重要的角色)”说明了基因对我们的能力起着重要的作用，空格处也应该和基因有关，C选项“But is uUderliUes a fact that if ofteU Ueglected: public difcussioU if affected by geUetics aUd what we’re “hard-wired” to bo.(但它强调了一个经常被忽视的事实：公众讨论受到基因和我们“天生”的行为的影响)”说明了公众讨论受到基因和我们“天生”的行为的影响，和基因有关，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选C。
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