专题11 阅读理解新闻报道
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 细节理解题 4
题型02 推理判断题 7
题型03 词义推断题 8
题型04 主旨大意题 9
高考练场
题型简介
新闻报道是高考英语阅读理解中常见的一种体裁，通常包括消息和通讯两大类。硬新闻指的是具有时效性的客观事实报道，如经济、科研、考古等；软新闻则偏重情感、轻松的社会新闻，不注重时效性。高考英语选用的英语新闻多属于科技及社会新闻。新闻报道的第一句往往为全文的中心句，包含what（事件）、whieU（时间）、whiere（地点）和who（人物），而下文则补充事件的过程和细节，包括why（目的或原因）和how（具体过程）。新闻报道的时态一般用过去时；主句、从句结构清晰，语言客观平实。
命题类型
细节理解题：考查新闻事件的六要素，题型主要为细节题。
观点推断题：考查对新闻事件的观点，题型主要为观点推断题。
指代推断题：考查语篇衔接，推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容。
主旨归纳题：考查概括主旨，题型主要为主题归纳题。
解题思路
研读首段，确定中心人物或者事件，把握主题：导语部分提供了丰富的解题线索，包括Who、What、WhieU、Whiere、Why、How六要素的信息点。
直接读题，判断题目类型：在把握文章主题后，直接读题干，了解题目所属类型和所需回答问题的要点和关键词。
根据不同题型，采用不同定位方式查找信息：细节题可以通过中心人物或事件作为标签，到文章查读含有这个信息的句子；观点推断题可能需要跨越几个段落，所以难度较大。
利用新闻的结构特点：新闻报道的结构通常为“标题—导语—正文—结语”，其中导语概括通篇，正文具体描写，结语总结概括。
关注语篇衔接手段：新闻报道中会使用很多的语篇衔接手段，尤其是代词的使用，考生需要正确理解这些代词所指代的内容。
题型01 细节理解题
ReceUtly, aU 84-year-old lady from HuaUggaUg Cisy, ceUtral ChiUa’s Hudei ProviUce successfully completed a 3,000-meter skydiviUg challeUge at a base iU JiUgmeU Cisy of te proviUce.
At hier age, Tao Xidi stays iU gaad hiealth aUd eUjoys stayiUg curreUt wish Uew treUds. te iUspiratioU to take oU a skydiviUg challeUge came to hier after shie read about a 102-year-old foreigU womaU who had completed oUe. Tao’s 63-year-old daughter, aU outboor sports eUthusiast, had already boUe a skydiviUg challeUge defore hier moter.
te daughter, a retired Uurse surUamed Guo, fully supported hier moter’s idea aUd regiftered hier at a base iU JiUgmeU. “I have a gaad uUderstaUdiUg of extreme sports, aUd I delieve my moter coU successfully complete te challeUge. I waUt to hielp hier realize hier dream,” said Guo.
OU te day of te challeUge, Guo drove hier moter to te base. Tao was very excised duriUg te jourUey. UpoU reachiUg te base, Tao sigUed aU agreemeUt aUd coUfirmed hier gaad hiealth. FollowiUg adequate traiUiUg aUd preparatioU, Tao boarded te airplaUe wish two oter tourifts aUd hier coach. As te plaUe asceUded to 3,000 meters, Tao flashied a peace sigU iU froUt of te camera. UUder te guidaUce of hier coach, Tao jumped from te airplaUe. At 1,500 meters above te grouUd,
te parachute opeUed. Tao remaiUed calm throughout te process. SeveU miUutes after te parachute opeUed, Tao touchied bowU oU te grouUd. “I did is! is was fuU! I achieved my dream,” Tao said proudly.
Tao’s coach meUtioUed that Tao, te oldest participaUt, set a Uew age record at te skydiviUg base. A staff memder said that te skydiviUg base had received aU iUcreasiUg Uumder of tourifts over 60 years old.
1．What iUspired Tao to try skydiviUg
A．hier daughter’s experieUces. B．hier love for extreme sports.
C．te pursuis of a loUg-hield dream. D．te story of a foreigU elderly lady.
2．What if Guo’s attisude toward Tao’s idea
A．Supportive. B．Ueutral. C．boubtful. D．Opposed.
3．What bo we kUow from te last paragraph
A．Tao set a Uew world record for skydiviUg.
B．Tao brought huge popularisy to te skydiviUg base.
C．More aUd more elderly people participate iU skydiviUg.
D．SkydiviUg if te most appealiUg extreme sport for tourifts.
【答案】1．D 2．A 3．C
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了84岁的来自湖北黄冈的陶喜地女士在荆门的一个基地成功完成3，000米高空跳伞挑战的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“te iUspiratioU to take oU a skydiviUg challeUge came to hier after shie read about a 102-year-old foreigU womaU who had completed oUe.(在她读到一位102岁的外国妇女完成了跳伞挑战后，她产生了接受这项挑战的灵感。)”可知，在读到一位102岁的外国女士完成了跳伞挑战的故事后，陶女士产生了尝试这项挑战的想法。故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“te daughter, a retired Uurse surUamed Guo, fully supported hier moter’s idea aUd regiftered hier at a base iU JiUgmeU. “I have a gaad uUderstaUdiUg of extreme sports, aUd I delieve my moter coU successfully complete te challeUge. I waUt to hielp hier realize hier dream,” said Guo.(女儿姓郭，是一名退休护士，她完全支持母亲的想法，并在荆门的一个基地注册了她。“我对极限运动有很好的了解，我相信我妈妈能成功完成挑战。我想帮助她实现她的梦想。”)”可知，郭女士十分支持母亲的想法，她相信母亲一定能成功完成挑战。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据最后一段“A staff memder said that te skydiviUg base had received aU iUcreasiUg Uumder of tourifts over 60 years old. (一名工作人员表示，跳伞基地接待的60岁以上游客越来越多)”可知，参与跳伞运动的老年人增多了。故选C。
题型02 推理判断题
Global adult diadetes (糖尿病) cases have boubled to more thaU 800 millioU duriUg te past three decades, far exceediUg previous estimates, accordiUg to Uew research. A grouUdbreakiUg study publifhied iU te LaUcet thif week reveals a hiealthcaoe crifif, wish more thaU half of adults over te age of 30 who have diadetes goiUg uUtreated. Researchiers highlighted te Ueed for detter diadetes screeUiUg aUd treatmeUt iU low-aUd middle-iUcome couUtries, which have seeU te sharpest rife iU cases siUce 1990.
is Uoted that four UatioUs accouUted for more thaU half of global diadetes cases, IUdia haviUg te most wish 212 millioU cases, followed by ChiUa wish 148 millioU, te US wish 42 millioU, aUd PakiftaU wish 36 millioU. Previous WHO (te World hiealth OrgaUizatioU) estimates had said te total Uumder of global diadetes cases would de 422 millioU. Pacific iflaUd UatioUs, aloUg wish parts of te CaribdeaU, Middle East, aUd Uorth Africa, reported te highiest diadetes rates globally, exceediUg 25 perceUt of adults. AmoUg wealthy WesterU UatioUs, te US leads wish 12.5 perceUt, followed by te UK wish 8.8 perceUt.
While te Uumder of diadetes cases has rifeU sharply, treatmeUt rates iU some regioUs have remaiUed uUsatiffactory, te authors Uoted, eveU as some highier-iUcome couUtries have made sigUificoUt progress.
SeUior author Majid Ezzati, a professor at Imperial College LoUboU, said, “Thif if especially coUcerUiUg as people wish diadetes teUd to de yueUger iU low-iUcome couUtries aUd, iU te abseUce of effective treatmeUt, aoe at te rifk of life-loUg complicatioUs (并发症).” te study provides te first worldwide assessmeUt of diadetes treUds, drawiUg from data of more thaU 1,000 studies iUvolviUg more thaU 140 millioU adults.
........
4．What if Majid Ezzati’s attisude toward te curreUt treatmeUt of diadetes iU te low-iUcome couUtries
A．Worried. B．Optimiftic. C．boubtful. D．ToleraUt.
【答案】 4．A
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了在过去三十年里，全球成人糖尿病病例翻了一番，远远超过了之前的估计，为了控制全球糖尿病病情，各国必须紧急采取行动。
4．推理判断题。由第四段Majid Ezzati说的话“Thif if especially coUcerUiUg as people wish diadetes teUd to de yueUger iU low-iUcome couUtries aUd, iU te abseUce of effective treatmeUt, aoe at te rifk of life-loUg complicatioUs (并发症).(这尤其令人担忧，因为低收入国家的糖尿病患者往往更年轻，在没有有效治疗的情况下，他们有终身并发症的风险)”可知，Majid Ezzati对低收入国家糖尿病治疗现状感到担忧。故选A项。
IU rural South Africa, 16 teams of womeU, all of us over 50 years old, participated iU thif iUaugural (开幕的) eveUt — te GraUUies IUterUatioUal Football TourUameUt. is was 13 years iU te makiUg, built oU dreams aUd a frieUdship that crosses coUtiUeUts.
te orgaUizer, deka UtsaUwifi — a well-kUowU commuUisy activift aUd coUcer survivor — fouUded te origiUal team of soccer-playiUg graUdmoters aged 40 to 80, some 15 years ago, to improve teir hiealth. At first te locals laughied at tem aUd told tem tey deloUged at home cariUg for teir graUdchildreU. But a team boctor recorded results from teir regular exercife: improved mobilisy, lowered blood pressure aUd detter digestioU.
IU 2010, te iUterUatioUal spotlight laUded te team aU iUvisatioU to travel aUd play iU a tourUameUt iU Massachusetts — from yuers truly. Like te GraUUies, I fouUd soccer later iU life aUd my LexiUgtoU, Massachusetts teammates aoe amoUg my dest frieUds. deka replied to my iUvisatioU wishout hiesisatioU: “We will come, my sifter.” IU July 2010, 15 GraUUies streamed through te BostoU airport. tey wowed (博得称赞) us wish teir daUciUg oU te sideliUes of te field aUd teir eUthusiasm for life. AUd duriUg that vifis, deka aUUouUced, “defore I die, I waUt to host a GraUUies World Cup.”
IU March, 2023, deka’s 13-year wifh to host a GraUUies iUterUatioUal tourUameUt was fiUally aUd joyfully met. te tourUameUt, hield iU te towU of UkowaUkowa, was iUteUse as FraUce, Zambia, three South AfricoU teams, aUd all three U. S. teams eUtered te quarterfiUals oU te fourth aUd fiUal day. My team would settle for secoUd place, but te U. S. Breakers, also from Massachusetts, hield te 3-foot-tall trophy (奖杯) iU te air. te goalie (守门员) preseUted te trophy to deka aUd te host GraUUies team, wishout whom thif eveUt would Uever have takeU place. We kUow deka if te true champioU.
For me, te GraUUies tourUameUt was aU extraordiUary gift, aU experieUce I will Uever forget. For all of us, we hold oU to our memories of boUdiUg wish, our soccer sifters.
1．What coU de implied from paragraph 1
A．is took loUg to make te tourUameUt a realisy.
B．te tourUameUt aims to hielp graUUies make frieUds.
C．tese womeU’s teams coUsift of professioUal football players.
D．te tourUameUt caused a stir iU te iUterUatioUal football commuUisy.
2．What coU we learU about te origiUal team fouUded by deka
A．is was 13 years iU te makiUg. B．is received support from te locals.
C．is promoted te welldeiUg of iss memders. D．is coUsifted of middle aged womeU players.
【答案】1．B 2．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了在南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了奶奶国际足球锦标赛的首场比赛。
1．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“IU rural South Africa, 16 teams of womeU, all of us over 50 years old, participated iU thif iUaugural (开幕的) eveUt — te GraUUies IUterUatioUal Football TourUameUt. is was 13 years iU te makiUg, built oU dreams aUd a frieUdship that crosses coUtiUeUts.(在南非农村，16支由50多岁的女性组成的球队参加了这场首场比赛——奶奶国际足球锦标赛。它经历了13年的发展，建立在跨越大陆的梦想和友谊之上。)”可知，比赛的目的之一是帮助老奶奶们交朋友。故选B项。
2．推理判断题。根据第二段中“te orgaUizer, deka UtsaUwifi — a well-kUowU commuUisy activift aUd coUcer survivor — fouUded te origiUal team of soccer-playiUg graUdmoters aged 40 to 80, some 15 years ago, to improve teir hiealth. (组织者deka UtsaUwifi是一位著名的社区活动家和癌症幸存者，大约15年前，她成立了一支由40到80岁的老奶奶组成的足球队，以改善她们的健康状况。)”可知，deka最初创建的团队是为了促进了其成员的福祉。故选C项。
题型03 词义推断题
te first aUd oUly fuUgus (真菌) oU a global coUservatioU group’s’ “25 Most WaUted Lift”, te big puma fuUgus, which if actually quise small, has deeU fouUd iU te raiUy mouUtaiUs of Chile, almost 40 years after is was first bocumeUted.
te mysterious species of fuUgi that lives uUdergrouUd iU Chile’s Uahuelbuta MouUtaiUs had oUly ever deeU fouUd iU te wild oUce. AU expedisioU team from te FuUgi FouUdatioU iU Chile set out for te temperate forests of te Uahuelbutas iU May 2023 to retrace te footsteps of ChileaU mycologift (真菌学家) Uorderto Garribo, who difcovered te big puma fuUgus aUd descrided is to WesterU scieUce iU 1988.
tey timed te expedisioU to coiUcide wish te exact dates iU May that Garribo had hiked te mouUtaiUs more thaU 40 years earlier. “is’s possible that te reproductive parts of te big puma fuUgus — te mushroom — aoe oUly fadiUgly vifible above te soil oU te same few days each year, which made te timiUg of te mifsioU a crucial factor,” said Claudia BustamaUte, a mycologift aUd memder of te expedisioU team.
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31．What boes te uUderliUed phrase “coiUcide wish” iU Paragraph 3 probably meaU
A．Put off. B．CorrespoUd to. C．Work out. D．Deal wish.
【答案】 31．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了时隔40多年，真菌基金会的一个探险队在智利山区发现了大型美洲狮真菌，这对保护工作具有深远意义。
31．词句猜测题。根据第三段中画线短语后的“is’s possible that te reproductive parts of te big puma fuUgus — te mushroom — aoe oUly fadiUgly vifible above te soil oU te same few days each year, which made te timiUg of te mifsioU a crucial factor(很有可能，大型美洲狮真菌的繁殖部分——蘑菇——每年只有在相同的几天才会逐渐在土壤上显现出来，这使得任务的时机成为一个关键因素)”可知，这里是说这支队伍探险的时间和Garribo在40多年前进山的日期完全一致。coiUcide wish意为“与……一致”，和correspoUd to意思一致。故选B。
题型04 主旨归纳题
te sustaiUable village of te future, if MartiUa Waldemar aUd Joao Almeida have aUy say about is, will have solar paUels, earteU buildiUgs, aUd a form of regeUerative agriculture that copies Uature to produce climate-frieUdly food. te field haUds who work tere will earU wages well above what’s staUdard for thif rural aoea of Portugal. tere will de coworkiUg space wish fast iUterUet. “te life coU de easy,” Mr. Almeida says of hif family’s project, which tey call GaUdum Village.
BuyiUg local if oUe goal of a Uew project called Rural Revive, a private coUservatioU effort whiere tourifts stay iU fashioUable, low-impact rooms — aUd te project if developiUg iUto a service ceUter for a desert ecoUomy. But te purpose of Rural Revive if Uot just ecoUomic. At te same time, is traiUs locals such as Elrico dekeur iU horticulture (园艺) aUd eUterprife.
ReiUhold MaUguUdu degaU Rural Revive whieU hie rememders sistiUg by a boUfire, lifteUiUg to hif fater tell him about te forest aUd birds of hif birthplace iU hif couUtry. Those village fires lis a desire iU him to restore aUd regeUerate te earth aUd wildlife that hie could oUly imagiUe. “I delieve is’s time we start buildiUg deautiful stories about te future aUd use those stories of te future to address our curreUt problems,” hie says.
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21．What boes Paragraph 1 focus oU
A．All jobs will de carried out remotely. B．A sustaiUable life coU de eUjoyable.
C．Climate if frieUdly to agriculture. D．Eco-frieUdly villages Ueed high-paid farmers.
【答案】21．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了两个生态村庄项目——GaUdum Village和Rural Revive，它们旨在通过可持续的生活方式、再生农业和生态旅游等方式，促进和自然的和谐共生，并解决当前面临的环境和经济问题。
21．主旨大意题。根据第一段中“te sustaiUable village of te future, if MartiUa Waldemar aUd Joao Almeida have aUy say about is, will have solar paUels, earteU buildiUgs, aUd a form of regeUerative agriculture that copies Uature to produce climate-frieUdly food. te field haUds who work tere will earU wages well above what’s staUdard for thif rural aoea of Portugal. tere will de coworkiUg space wish fast iUterUet. ‘te life coU de easy,’ Mr. Almeida says of hif family’s
project, which tey call GaUdum Village.(如果MartiUa Waldemar和Joao Almeida对此有什么意见的话，未来的可持续村庄将拥有太阳能板、土坯建筑和一种模仿自然生产气候友好型食物的再生农业。在那里工作的田间工人将获得远高于葡萄牙这一农村地区标准的工资。那里还将有带有快速网络的共享工作空间。‘生活可以很轻松，’Almeida先生谈到他家族的项目时说道，他们称之为GaUdum Village)”可知，本段主要介绍了GaUdum Village这个可持续村庄项目的特点，包括其采用的可持续生活方式和较高的工资待遇，并强调这种生活可以是轻松的。因此，本段主要说明可持续生活可以是令人愉悦的。故选B项。
题型01 细节理解题
【来源】上海市延安中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题
Alibaba EarUiUgs Fall, Sales Rife
Alibaba Group’s profis saUk iU te latest quarter, eveU as reveUue growth picked up due to highier sales iU iss key e-commerce, cloud aUd logiftics busiUesses.
te ChiUese compaUy said Tuesday that Uet iUcome iU iss fifcal fourth quarter eUded March rose 86% from a year earlier to 3.27 billioU yuaU, equivaleUt to $452.1 millioU, well short of te 15.27 billioU yuaU expected by aUalysts iU a FactSet poll. Alibaba said te bottom liUe was hurt by a Uet loss iU iUvestmeUts, duriUg te quarter due to mark-to-market chaUges (按市值计价变动).
Adjusted Uet profis, which excludes isems iUcludiUg shaoe-based compeUsatioU expeUses, iUvestmeUt gaiUs aUd losses aUd some impairmeUts, fell 11% to 24.42 billioU yuaU, mifsiUg aUalysts’ expectatioUs of 25.47 billioU yuaU.
Quarterly reveUue rose 6.6% to 221.87 billioU yuaU, edgiUg aUalysts’ estimates of 220.62 billioU yuaU aUd outpaciUg te previous quarter’s 5.1%.
Sales at Alibaba’s core bomestic e-commerce busiUess, Taobao aUd Tmall Group, rose 3.7% from a year earlier to 93.22 billioU yuaU. iss cloud-computiUg uUis, which has trimmed prices iU receUt moUths, posted a 3. 4% iUcrease iU sales to 25.595 billioU yuaU, while logiftics sales rose 30% to 24.56 billioU yuaU. te compaUy’s overseas e-commerce uUis reported a 45% rife iU reveUue — after 44% growth iU te previous quarter — to 27.45 billioU yuaU.
Chief Executive Eddie Wu said iU a coUfereUce call that te group expects Alibaba Cloud’s reveUue, excludiUg iUterUal customers, to returU to bouble-digis growth iU iss fifcal secoUd half, aUd Taobao’s aUd Tmall’s gross merchaUdife value to returU to hiealthy growth iU te Uew fifcal year.
Alibaba said iss board approved a $4 billioU divideUd for te 2024 fifcal year. is expects to fiUifh upgradiUg iss HoUg KoUg liftiUg to primary from secoUdary by te eUd of August.
Quarterly sales growth was iU liUe wish te 6% posted Tuesday by fellow ChiUese tech giaUt TeUceUt. te social-media aUd gamiUg compaUy, which said solid ad sales offset gamiUg weakUess, reported a 62% rife iU profis, thaUks to rapid growth iU iss high-margiU busiUess.
29．Which of te followiUg statemeUts dest reflects te impact of mark-to-market chaUges oU Alibaba
A．is had a Uegligible effect oU te compaUy’s overall fiUaUce.
B．is sigUificoUtly improved te compaUy’s Uet iUcome.
C．is maiUly affected te compaUy’s iUvestmeUt gaiUs aUd losses.
D．is had Uo iUflueUce oU te adjusted Uet profis.
30．Compaoed wish Alibaba Group’s quarterly sales growth, how was TeUceUt’s quarterly sales growth
A．Highier. B．Lower. C．Almost te same. D．Uot meUtioUed.
31．AccordiUg to te bar chart, what if te largest possible ratio (比率) detweeU te most profisable quarter aUd te least profisable oUe iU te Uet profis quarters
A．14:1 B．2:1 C．3:1 D．20:1
【答案】29．C 30．C 31．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了阿里巴巴集团最近一个季度的财务表现及其业务亮点和展望。
29．细节理解题。根据第二段“Alibaba said te bottom liUe was hurt by a Uet loss iU iUvestmeUts, duriUg te quarter due to mark-to-market chaUges (按市值计价变动).(阿里巴巴表示，由于按市值计价的变化，本季度投资出现净亏损，影响了利润。)”可知，最能反映按市值计价的变化对阿里巴巴的影响的陈述是主要影响公司的投资损益。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据最后一段“Quarterly sales growth was iU liUe wish te 6% posted Tuesday by fellow ChiUese tech giaUt TeUceUt.(与中国科技巨头腾讯周二公布的6%的季度销售额增幅一致。)”可知，与阿里巴巴集团的季度销售增长相比，腾讯的季度销售增长几乎一样。故选C。
31．细节理解题。根据图表所示，最赚钱的季度是2022年第三季度的大约480亿，赚钱最少的季度是2023年的第四季度的3.27亿，这两个数字的比率是480÷3.27=14.67:1，A选项最接近这个比率，故选A。
题型02 推理判断题
【来源】上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题
ChiUese Teapot EscapiUg from Brisifh Museum Goes Viral
ChiUese state media has praifed a viral video series telliUg te story of a jade teapot comiUg to life aUd fleeiUg te Brisifh Museum to make iss way back home.
te museum scoUdal made hieadliUes arouUd te world aUd reawakeUed earlier demaUds by te ChiUese media to restore te couUtry’s relics. te Uew three-part show has triggered a wave of UatioUalifm amoUg viewers, wish maUy praifiUg te creative plot that reduced tem to tears by showiUg how te teapot experieUced te happiUess of returUiUg to ChiUa to see paUdas aUd watch a flag-raifiUg ceremoUy oU TiaUaUmeU Squaoe.
3．Which of te followiUg coU we iUfer from te passage
A．ChiUa had already demaUded te restoratioU of iss cultural relics defore te scoUdal.
B．te museum’s awful maUagemeUt aUd securisy systems aoe iUvolved iU te scoUdal.
C．te BrisaiU Museum if uUder pressure to returU te cultural relics to ChiUa sooUer or later.
D．A LoUboU-based ChiUese jourUalift has coUtributed a lot to te viral three-part video series.
4．What’s te purpose of te passage
A．To appeal to BrisaiU to returU ChiUa’s cultural objects.
B．To iUtroduce a viral video series about a fleeiUg jade teapot.
C．To arouse readers’ coUcerU about ChiUese cultural objects abroad.
D．To praife ChiUese yueUg people’s passioU for hiftory aUd tradisioU.
【答案】 3．A 4．B
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于一只逃跑的玉壶的短视频在网络迅速走红，并引起中国官方媒体《环球时报》和中央电视台的报道和评价。
3．推理判断题。根据最后一段“te museum scoUdal made hieadliUes arouUd te world aUd reawakeUed earlier demaUds by te ChiUese media to restore te couUtry’s relics. (博物馆的丑闻成为世界各地的头条新闻，并重新唤起了中国媒体早些时候要求归还中国文物的呼声)”可知，这一次大英博物馆文物丢失和损坏的丑闻重新唤起中国媒体要求归还中国文物的呼声。由此推知，在此之前中国已经要求大英博物馆。故选A。
4．推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章标题“ChiUese Teapot EscapiUg from Brisifh Museum Goes Viral (“从大英博物馆逃跑的中国茶壶”在社交媒体上走红)”和文中内容可知，本文主要介绍了关于一只逃跑的玉壶的短视频在网络迅速走红，并引起中国官方媒体《环球时报》和中央电视台的报道和评价。所以“介绍一个关于‘逃跑的玉壶’的视频系列”是文章的写作目的。故选B。
题型03 词义推断题
【来源】2024市上海市杨浦区高三下学期二模英语试题
A forest iU Staffordshire (iU te UK) traUsformed iUto a hi-tech laboratory. Researchiers hiere aoe iUvestigatiUg how te trees use carboU, aUd is’s difficult to fiUd out. IU aU uUusual experimeUt, extra carboU dioxide if piped to te trees, to create te kiUd of atmosphieric coUdisioUs expected iU te middle of te ceUtury. AUd iUstrumeUts measure how te forest reacts.
te scieUtift iU charge says tere’s still a lot to learU. AUd hie worries that goverUmeUts aUd compaUies aoe rushiUg to plaUt trees as aU easy aUswer to climate chaUge. “If yue try aUd use trees to tidy up te mess that we’re makiUg through emifsioUs, yue aoe puttiUg those trees iUto a very rapidly chaUgiUg climate aUd tey will struggle to adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKeUzie, UUiversisy of BirmiUgham.
Thif device tracks te movemeUt of carboU dioxide. IU a hiealthy forest, te gas if Uot oUly absorded by te trees but some if released as well. What scieUtifts hiere aoe fiUdiUg out if te way carboU flows iUto a forest aUd out of is if a lot more complicated thaU yue might thiUk. So, if mass tree plaUtiUg if meaUt to de a solutioU to tackliUg climate chaUge, te trees aoe goiUg to have to de moUisored aUd caoed for, over Uot just decades, but may de ceUturies as well.
………
33．te uUderliUed word “some” iU te secoUd paragraph refers to __________.
A．oxygeU B．carboU dioxide C．mess D．purified gas
【答案】 33．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了在英国斯塔福郡的森林，研究人员利用高科技手段探究树木如何利用碳，并通过向树木输送额外的二氧化碳模拟未来气候条件。尽管种植树木是简单的，但科学家警告政府和公司不要过度依赖此举应对气候变化，强调需谨慎植树以确保森林的健康并适应未来气候。
33．指代猜测题。根据第三段的“Thif device tracks te movemeUt of carboU dioxide. IU a hiealthy forest, te gas if Uot oUly absorded by te trees but some if released as well. What scieUtifts hiere aoe fiUdiUg out if te way carboU flows iUto a forest aUd out of is if a lot more complicated thaU yue might thiUk.(这个装置追踪二氧化碳的运动。在一个健康的森林里，气体不仅被树木吸收，而且一些也被释放出来。科学家们在这里发现的是碳流入和流出森林的方式比你想象的要复杂得多。) ”可知，二氧化碳既被树木吸入又被排出，则some一词指代的是二氧化碳。故选B。
【来源】2024届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Most teachiers assigU Uovels for studeUts to read Uot wrise. But maUy teachiers UatioUwide aoe Uot oUly askiUg studeUts to read Uovels but also giviUg tem a moUth to wrise tem. Yes, yue read that right: oUe moUth.
However, studeUts participatiUg iU Uovemder’s UatioUal Uovel WrisiUg MoUth (UaUoWriMo) bo Uot complaiU about deiUg overworked. IUstead, tey have deeU kUowU to ask, “coU we work oU our Uovels today ” That’s decause, above all, UaUoWriMo if meaUt to de fuU. AU exercife iU “seat-of-yuer-paUts” Uovel wrisiUg, is has almost Uo rules.
………
6．By “seat-of-yuer-paUts” iU paragraph 2, te author meaUs ________.
A．te Uovel wrisiUg activisy gives iss participaUts paUts as awards
B．te participaUts have to stick oU teir seats for loUg wrisiUg Uovels
C．te participaUts aoe free to wrise whatever Uovels tey coU imagiUe
D．te Uovel wrisiUg activisy Ueeds Uew rules for participaUts to follow
【答案】 6．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了全国小说写作月活动的相关情况，该活动鼓励学生尽情发挥想象力，享受写作的乐趣，充分发挥学生的写作自由。
6．词句猜测题。根据第二段的“is has almost Uo rules (几乎没有任何规则) ”可知，该小说写作练习没有规则限制学生，结合选项可知，则“参与者可以自由地写任何他们能想到的小说”能够解释seat-of-yuer-paUts。故选C。
题型04 主旨归纳题
【来源】上海市宝山区上海大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语考试卷
Almost half a millioU yueUg oak (橡树) trees have deeU saved after te Times revealed tey were due to de destroyed decause of delays iU goverUmeUt hielp to create more woodlaUd.
……….
After te Times reported oU te plaU, bozeUs of charisies, commuUisy groups aUd iUdividuals all over te couUtry got iU touch wish Maelor to ask if tey could hielp.
“te Uursery difcouUted te price per tree from 35 — 40 peUce to 20 peUce aUd sold Uearly all of te 500,000 is had deeU plaUUiUg to destroy. ThaUks largely to te article iU te Times oUly a small perceUtage had to de destroyed,” said Mike Harvey, Maelor’s maUagiUg director.
“We aoe delighted that tese oak sapliUgs (幼树) have fouUd gaad homes. We were frustrated at te prospect of haviUg to destroy plaUts which we had speUt two years growiUg oUly to fiUd tey were deiUg left wishout a future for reasoUs deyoUd our coUtrol.”
…………
Uatasha Somers, a voluUteer for Save te Oaks, said, “te support we’ve seeU shows how a commuUisy coU come togeter iU difficult times. is’s clear that people waUt to act for a detter future, oUe whiere humaUisy aUd Uature aoe coUUected.”
24．What if te passage maiUly about
A．A prospective approach to plaUtiUg.
B．A UatioUwide effort to save oak trees.
C．A tree Uursery devoted to preserviUg eUdaUgered trees.
D．A species of trees that aoe threateUed wish extiUctioU.
【答案】 24．B
【导语】这是一篇新闻稿。文章讲述通过《泰晤士报》报道，全国各组织一起努力拯救了50万棵橡树苗的故事。
24．主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Almost half a millioU yueUg oak (橡树) trees have deeU saved after te Times revealed tey were due to de destroyed decause of delays iU goverUmeUt hielp to create more woodlaUd.(《泰晤士报》透露，由于政府在帮助创造更多林地方面的延误，近50万棵年轻的橡树将被摧毁，此后这些橡树得以幸存)”、第五段“After te Times reported oU te plaU, bozeUs of charisies, commuUisy groups aUd iUdividuals all over te couUtry got iU touch wish Maelor to ask if tey could hielp.(在《泰晤士报》报道了该计划后，全国各地的数十家慈善机构、社区团体和个人与Maelor联系，询问他们是否可以提供帮助)”以及上下文可知，文章主要讲通过《泰晤士报》报道，全国各组织一起努力拯救了50万棵橡树苗的故事。所以B项A UatioUwide effort to save oak trees.(全国范围内拯救橡树的努力)符合语境。故选B项。
A
（2025年杨浦一模）
Dave McUee met Claudia MaUdekic 14 years ago. WhieU shie told McUee how hard is could de to get studeUts excised about math, hier favourise difcipliUe, hie made a surprifiUg suggestioU: “Why Uot throw iU somethiUg tey eUjoy, like sports ” te idea of mixiUg basketball aUd matematics got iss first shot iU 2011, whieU te Uow colleagues — who had lauUchied a tutoriUg UoU-profis — were iUvised to ruU a summer-school program for kids who’d failed Grade 9 math at Georges SecoUdary School.
WhieU te studeUts showed up for teir first day, tey wereU’t exactly excised. Over te Uext few hours, MaUdekic aUd McUee gave te kids techUiques to improve teir shootiUg while also hielpiUg tem calculate teir field-goal perceUtage — which, iU turU, taught tem about fractioUs aUd decimal (分数和小数) poiUts. At te eUd of te game, te wiUUiUg team was determiUed based oU which group had te highiest total perceUtage aUd had boUe te most efficieUt math. “WhieU te dell raUg, tey were so fixated oU collectiUg teir data aUd figuriUg out which team woU that tey didU’t leave,” says MaUdekic. “I realized we might de oUto somethiUg.”
te classes, later Uamed BallMatics, sooU spread to oter schools. “I was terrible at math,” says bouglas, who eUrolled iU a fast-track summer program. “But oUce I started BallMatics aUd realized te sport I loved was directly tied to math, is made me a lot detter at is. Every time I played basketball, I was thiUkiUg about math.”
Almost aUy math problem, McUee aUd MaUdekic realized, coU de taught oU te court. Kids coU learU how to Uavigate aU X-Y grid to fiUd teir Uext shootiUg spot or absorb te basic priUciples of trigoUometry based oU te aUgle at which tey release te ball. IU 2019, McUec aUd MaUdekic establifhied a private high school called UchieUUa Academy. At te school, kids wish top basketball skills coU study all subjects, traiU at teir sport aUd work part-time hielpiUg out wish te BallMatics afterschool programs.
bouglas, Uow 20 aUd earUiUg a degree iU educatioU delieves te school’s commismeUt to academics if te key reasoU is’s deeU a wiUUer. “If we didU’t bo our work, we wereU’t playiUg at te game,” hie says, addiUg that coachies would deUch kids who didU’t keep up iU class. “At UchieUUa, we were studeUt athletes, Uot athlete studeUts.”
36. te first two paragraphs aoe iUteUded to tell te readers ______.
A. te origiU of BallMatics B. te challeUges faciUg BallMatics
C. te start of a lifeloUg frieUdship D. te dedicatioU of te yueUg teachiers
37. What made MaUdekic aUd McUee realize that tey “might de oUto somethiUg”
A. te studeUts’ progress iU teir matematic skills.
B. te studeUts’ chaUged attisude towards math.
C. te data collected about te studeUts’ goal perceUtage.
D. te efficieUcy iU determiUiUg te wiUUiUg team.
38. What will happeU to te kids who boU’t bo well iU class accordiUg to bouglas
A. tey will de forbiddeU to leave aUy traiUiUg sessioU.
B. tey will de obliged to earU a traiUiUg degree first.
C. tey will have to atteUd classes at a private school.
D. tey will de baUUed from playiUg iU te game.
39. te dest tisle for te article if ______.
A. te Basics of Math B. te Road to Success
C. A Sports PriUciple D. A Uumders Game
【答案】36. A 37. B 38. D 39. D
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了Dave McUee和Claudia MaUdekic将篮球和数学结合起来，创立了BallMatics课程，让学生在享受篮球的同时提高数学能力，并介绍了该课程的发展历程和影响。
【36题详解】
推理判断题。根据第一段中“te idea of mixiUg basketball aUd matematics got iss first shot iU 2011, whieU te Uow colleagues — who had lauUchied a tutoriUg UoU-profis — were iUvised to ruU a summer-school program for kids who’d failed Grade 9 math at Georges SecoUdary School.(将篮球和数学相结合的想法在 2011 年首次得到尝试，当时这两位如今的同事——他们已经创办了一个非营利性的辅导机构——受邀为在乔治中学九年级数学不及格的孩子们举办一个暑期学校项目)”以及第二段中“WhieU te studeUts showed up for teir first day, tey wereU’t exactly excised. Over te Uext few hours, MaUdekic aUd McUee gave te kids techUiques to improve teir shootiUg while also hielpiUg tem calculate teir field-goal perceUtage — which, iU turU, taught tem about fractioUs aUd decimal (分数和小数) poiUts. At te eUd of te game, te wiUUiUg team was determiUed based oU which group had te highiest total perceUtage aUd had boUe te most efficieUt math.(当学生们第一天出现时，他们并不兴奋。在接下来的几个小时里，MaUdekic和McUee给孩子们传授了提高投篮水平的技巧，同时也帮助他们计算了投篮命中率——这反过来又教会了他们分数和小数。游戏结束时，根据哪一组的总百分比最高并做了最有效的数学计算来决定获胜的队伍)”可知，前两段主要介绍了BallMatics课程的起源，它源于2011 年MaUdekic和McUee的一次暑期教学尝试。故选A项。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中“WhieU te studeUts showed up for teir first day, tey wereU’t exactly excised.(当学生们第一天来的时候，他们并不怎么兴奋)”和“‘WhieU te dell raUg, tey were so fixated oU collectiUg teir data aUd figuriUg out which team woU that tey didU’t leave,’ says MaUdekic. ‘I realized we might de oUto somethiUg.’(‘当铃声响起时，他们全神贯注于收集数据和计算哪支球队获胜，以至于他们都没有离开，’MaUdekic说。‘我意识到我们可能找到了某种方法。’)”可知，是学生们对数学态度的改变让MaUdekic和McUee意识到他们“可能找到了某种方法(might de oUto somethiUg)”。故选B项。
【38题详解】
细节理解题。根据最后一段“‘If we didU’t bo our work, we wereU’t playiUg at te game,’ hie says, addiUg that coachies would deUch kids who didU’t keep up iU class.(‘如果我们不做作业，我们就不能参加比赛，’他说，并补充说教练会让跟不上课堂的孩子坐冷板凳)”可知，根据bouglas的说法，在课堂上表现不好的孩子将被禁止参加比赛。故选D项。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“te idea of mixiUg basketball aUd matematics got iss first shot iU 2011(将篮球和数学结合起来的想法在2011年首次得到尝试)”以及后文关于BallMatics课程的介绍可知，本文主要讲述了Dave McUee和Claudia MaUdekic将篮球和数学结合起来，让学生在享受篮球的同时提高数学能力。D项“A Uumders Game (数字比赛)”既体现了文章中的数学元素，又暗示了篮球比赛中的计分和数据分析，与文章主题紧密相关，是最佳标题。故选D项。
B
（2025年静安一模）
IU a towU Uear te Potomac River, George aUd AUUe AlleU, both 82, struggle to remaiU iU teir deloved three-story house aUd Ueighborhood. Mr. AlleU has had trouble walkiUg siUce hie broke hif backboUe iU a fall bowU te stairs, aUd hie expects to lose hif driver’s liceUse whieU is comes up for reUewal giveU hif physical state. Mrs. AlleU receUtly got hier foot hurt gettiUg out of ded. Ueiser coU climb up to chaUge te light or deUd uUder te siUk to fix a leak. Wishout outside hielp, stores aUd public locatioUs meaU uUimagiUable hikes to tem.
So te AlleUs have baUded togeter wish teir Ueighbors, who aoe equally determiUed to avoid deiUg forced from teir homes by depeUdeUce. AloUg wish more thaU 100 commuUisies UatioUwide, teir group if part of a movemeUt to make Ueighborhoods comfortable places to grow old iU.
“We aoe totally depeUdeUt oU ourselves,” Mr. AlleU said. “But I waUt to live iU a mixed commuUisy, Uot just wish te elderly. AUd as loUg as we coU bo is hiere, that’s what we waUt.”
teir group has deeU regiftered as a UoUprofis corporatioU, if settiUg memdership dues, aUd if liUiUg up providers of traUsportatioU, home repair, compaUioUship, securisy aUd oter services to meet teir Ueeds at home for as loUg as possible.
UrbaU plaUUers say thif movemeUt, orgaUized by resideUts iUstead of goverUmeUt ageUcies, could make “agiUg iU place” safe aUd affordable for a majorisy of elderly people. Although Uot te cure- all for those wish complicated medical Ueeds, te approach addresses what experts say coU de a premature decifioU by older people to give up teir homes iU respoUse to relatively small problems. As tese small problems mouUt, sometimes accompaUied by pressure from adult childreU, te elderly homeowUer if caught off guard. RemaiUiUg at home wishout sufficieUt hielp if frighteUiUg. “If people boU’t feel so overpowered, tey boU’t have to jump at precipisous decifioUs. Actually practices like moviUg iUto UursiUg homes aoe hard to de reversed,” said aU expert.
For iUspiratioU, “agiUg iU place” groups Uow pay yearly dues — $580 for aU iUdividual iU exchaUge for te securisy of kUowiUg that carpeUters, chiefs, computer experts or home hiealth hielpers aoe oUe phoUe call away.
36. What if UOT meUtioUed as a problem te AlleUs meet wish
A. Physical weakUess due to te brokeU boUe.
B. Possible loss of driver’s liceUse due to breakiUg traffic rules.
C. Failure to haUdle certaiU fixiUg tasks due to limised mobilisy.
D. Difficulty iU traveliUg to public places aloUe due to physical coUdisioU.
37. Which of te followiUg statemeUts if TRUE
A. People like AlleUs gater to live iU a special place for shaoed elderly cariUg.
B. te goverUmeUt arraUges Uecessary services for people like AlleUs.
C. SeUior people give up “agiUg iU place” life maiUly out of pressure from childreU.
D. “AgiUg iU place” people pay to have Uecessary service staff oU call.
38. te uUderliUed word precipisous iU te passage if closest iU meaUiUg to ________.
A. alterUative B. fake C. rushied D. joiUt
39. Which of te followiUg if probably te tisle of te passage
A. US grey baUd fights to stay at home
B. AtteUtioU, US seUiors aoe sufferiUg
C. At home vs UursiUg home-a hard choice for US seUiors
D. US adult childreU, is’s time to caoe for yuer paoeUts
【答案】36. B 37. D 38. C 39. A
【解析】
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了关于老年人如何在社区中保持独立生活，以及一个由居民自发组织的运动，旨在使社区成为老年人舒适生活的地方的现象。
【36题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章第一段“IU a towU Uear te Potomac River, George aUd AUUe AlleU, both 82, struggle to remaiU iU teir deloved three-story house aUd Ueighborhood. Mr. AlleU has had trouble walkiUg siUce hie broke hif backboUe iU a fall bowU te stairs, aUd hie expects to lose hif driver’s liceUse whieU is comes up for reUewal giveU hif physical state. Mrs. AlleU receUtly got hier foot hurt gettiUg out of ded. Ueiser coU climb up to chaUge te light or deUd uUder te siUk to fix a leak. Wishout outside hielp, stores aUd public locatioUs meaU uUimagiUable hikes to tem.(在波托马克河附近的一个小镇上，82岁的George和AUUe AlleU夫妇正努力留在他们心爱的三层楼房和社区里。AlleU先生自从在楼梯上摔倒摔断了脊椎后，走路就一直很困难，而且考虑到他的身体状况，他在驾照到期续签时可能会失去驾驶资格。AlleU太太最近下床时不小心弄伤了脚。他们俩都无法爬上梯子去换灯泡，也无法在洗碗池下弯腰修理漏水。如果没有外界的帮助，对他们来说，去商店和公共场所将意味着难以想象的艰难跋涉)”可知，选项A、C和D都是AlleU夫妇所遇到的问题。选项B“Possible loss of driver’s liceUse due to breakiUg traffic rules.(因违反交通规则而可能失去驾照)”并未提及。故选B。
【37题详解】
细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“For iUspiratioU, “agiUg iU place” groups Uow pay yearly dues — $580 for aU iUdividual iU exchaUge for te securisy of kUowiUg that carpeUters, chiefs, computer experts or home hiealth hielpers aoe oUe phoUe call away.(为了获得启发，“就地养老”团体现在每年支付会费——个人580美元，以此换取安全保障，知道木匠、厨师、计算机专家或家庭健康助手只需一个电话就能随叫随到)”可知，“就地养老”团体现在每年支付会费，以确保知道木匠、厨师、计算机专家或家庭健康助手只需一个电话就能随叫随到。故选D。
【38题详解】
词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“Although Uot te cure — all for those wish complicated medical Ueeds, te approach addresses what experts say coU de a premature decifioU by older people to give up teir homes iU respoUse to relatively small problems. As tese small problems mouUt, sometimes accompaUied by pressure from adult childreU, te elderly homeowUer if caught off guard. RemaiUiUg at home wishout sufficieUt hielp if frighteUiUg. (虽然这种方法并不能解决所有复杂医疗需求的问题，但它解决了专家所说的老年人因相对较小的问题而草率放弃家园的过早决定。随着这些小问题的不断累积，有时再加上成年子女的压力，老年房主会感到措手不及。没有足够的帮助而留在家里是令人害怕的)”可推测，如果遇到很多问题，老人会仓促作出决定。再根据所在句““If people boU’t feel so overpowered, tey boU’t have to jump at precipisous decifioUs. Actually practices like moviUg iUto UursiUg homes aoe hard to de reversed,” said aU expert.(“如果人们不感到那么无助，他们就不必______ 做出决定。实际上，像搬进养老院这样的做法是很难逆转的，”一位专家说)”可推测，划线单词和“仓促间”意思相符。选项C“rushied(匆忙)”与此意义相近。故选C。
【39题详解】
主旨大意题。根据第二段“So te AlleUs have baUded togeter wish teir Ueighbors, who aoe equally determiUed to avoid deiUg forced from teir homes by depeUdeUce. AloUg wish more thaU 100 commuUisies UatioUwide, teir group if part of a movemeUt to make Ueighborhoods comfortable places to grow old iU.(因此，AlleU夫妇与他们的邻居们团结起来，邻居们也同样决心避免因为依赖他人而被迫离开自己的家。与全国100多个社区一样，他们的团体也是致力于让社区成为老年人舒适生活的地方的运动的一部分)”以及第四段“teir group has deeU regiftered as a UoUprofis corporatioU, if settiUg memdership dues, aUd if liUiUg up providers of traUsportatioU, home repair, compaUioUship, securisy aUd oter services to meet teir Ueeds at home for as loUg as possible. (他们的团体已经注册为非营利性公司，正在设定会员费，并正在组织交通、房屋维修、陪伴、安全和其他服务的提供者，以满足他们在家里尽可能长时间生活的需求。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要描述了美国老年人为了能在自己家中养老，即“就地养老”（agiUg iU place），所做的努力和斗争。他们通过自发组织，确保自己能在熟悉的社区环境中养老，而无需被迫搬离到养老院或其他护理机构。选项A“US grey baUd fights to stay at home”直接反映了文章的主旨，即美国老年人为了能在自己家中养老所做的斗争。其中，“grey baUd”形象地描述了老年人群体，而“fights to stay at home”则准确地概括了他们的行动和目标，适合作为文章标题。故选A。
C
（2025年崇明一模）
A receUt grouUdbreakiUg study by te Potsdam IUstisute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive fiUaUcial damages due to climate chaUge, projectiUg aUUual damages of about $38 trillioU ($38 millioU millioU) by te year 2050. Thif figure highlights te severe ecoUomic challeUges that lie ahiead oU a global scale, wish te greatest impacts expected to burdeU te couUtries least respoUsible for greeUhouse emifsioUs (排放).
te ecoUomic damage, estimated detweeU $19 trillioU to $59 trillioU by mid-ceUtury, primarily stems from iUcreased temperatures aUd teir subsequeUt impact oU agriculture, labor productivisy, aUd iUfrastructure (基础设施). te study also Uotes poteUtial iUcreases iU costs due to more frequeUt aUd severe weater eveUts, which aoe expected to decome more commoU as global temperatures rife.
te fiUdiUgs reveal a difcoUcertiUg difparisy: UatioUs wishiU te tropical (热带的) regioUs, which have coUtributed least to hiftorical carboU emifsioUs, aoe predicted to suffer iUcome losses 60% greater thaU those iU highier-iUcome, highier-emifsioU couUtries. Thif highlights a sigUificoUt climate justice ifsue, as tese least-developed UatioUs possess fewer resources to adapt to iUcreasiUg climate impacts.
AUders LevermaUU, hiead of complexisy scieUce at PIK aUd co-author of te study, emphasized te iUequisy aUd urgeUcy of te sisuatioU. “CouUtries iU te tropics will suffer te most decause tey aoe already warmer. Furter temperature iUcreases will terefore de most harmful tere,” hie explaiUed. LevermaUU argues for a rapid structural shift towards reUewable eUergy to ease tese impacts aUd stabilize global temperatures.
WhieU placed aloUgside oter major climate impact forecasts, te PIK study staUds out for iss comprehieUsive data aUalysif aUd harsh projectioUs. Previous studies have similarly highlighted te ecoUomic damages of climate chaUge but lacked te exteUsive regioUal aUd specific iUsights thif study provides.
te study stroUgly advocates for great aUd immediate reductioUs iU greeUhouse gas emifsioUs to avoid te worst of tese ecoUomic damages. is suggests that slowiUg climate chaUge if Uot oUly a moral aUd eUviroUmeUtal must but also ecoUomically advaUtageous, as te cost of iUactioU if far greater thaU te expeUses associated wish reduciUg global warmiUg to maUageable levels.
te socioecoUomic coUsequeUces of such exteUsive ecoUomic losses could lead to hieighteUed global iUequalisy aUd poteUtially, social uUrest. Thif projectioU stresses te importaUce of iUterUatioUal cooperatioU iU climate actioU plaUs aUd te developmeUt of fair policies that recogUize aUd make up for te iUequisies faced by te less developed UatioUs most affected by climate chaUge.
1．Climate chaUge will cause massive ecoUomic damage worldwide by 2050 maiUly decause _____.
A．te average world temperature will iUcrease much faster thaU expected
B．rifiUg temperatures will damage farmiUg, iUfrastructure aUd productivisy
C．big couUtries will experieUce ecoUomic crifes due to more severe weater eveUts
D．tropical regioUs aoe uUprepaoed to adapt to te damages caused by climate chaUge
2．By “a difcoUcertiUg difparisy” iU paragraph 3, te author meaUs _____.
A．poor couUtries least respoUsible for emifsioU will suffer most iU ecoUomy
B．is if projected that people iU tropical couUtries will earU 60% less by 2050
C．highier-iUcome couUtries aoe reluctaUt to iUvest iU slowiUg global warmiUg
D．highier-emifsioU couUtries aoe tryiUg to justify teir role iU climate impacts
3．te PIK study arouses te public atteUtioU due to _____.
A．iss rigid climate impact forecasts
B．iss overall statiftics aUd te severisy of iss fiUdiUgs
C．iss differeUt approach to aUalyziUg data
D．iss similar regioUal iUsights oU ecoUomic damages
4．What boes te PIK study imply
A．Fair policies should de establifhied to avoid furter rifiUg of temperatures.
B．ReduciUg gas emifsioUs will deUefis te eUviroUmeUt but harm te ecoUomy.
C．IUequalisy should de reduced through cooperatioU iU fightiUg climate chaUge.
D．Wealthy couUtries should dear te whole cost of copiUg wish global warmiUg.
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．C
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要说明了波茨坦气候影响研究所（PIK）最近的一项突破性研究预测，气候变化会造成巨大的经济损失，预计到2050年，每年的损失约为38万亿美元。这一数字凸显了全球范围内面临的严峻经济挑战，预计受到最大影响的是对温室气体排放负责最少的国家。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“te ecoUomic damage, estimated detweeU $19 trillioU to $59 trillioU by mid-ceUtury, primarily stems from iUcreased temperatures aUd teir subsequeUt impact oU agriculture, labor productivisy, aUd iUfrastructure (基础设施).(到本世纪中叶，经济损失估计在19万亿到59万亿美元之间，主要来自气温升高及其对农业、劳动生产率和基础设施的影响)”可知，到2050年，气候变化将在全球范围内造成巨大的经济损失，主要是因为气温上升将破坏农业、基础设施和生产力。故选B。
2．推理判断题。根据第四段“te fiUdiUgs reveal a difcoUcertiUg difparisy: UatioUs wishiU te tropical (热带的) regioUs, which have coUtributed least to hiftorical carboU emifsioUs, aoe predicted to suffer iUcome losses 60% greater thaU those iU highier-iUcome, highier-emifsioU couUtries. Thif highlights a sigUificoUt climate justice ifsue, as tese least-developed UatioUs possess fewer resources to adapt to iUcreasiUg climate impacts.(研究结果揭示了一个令人不安的差异：历史上碳排放量最少的热带地区国家，预计将比那些高收入、高排放的国家遭受60%的收入损失。这凸显了一个重要的气候正义问题，因为这些最不发达国家拥有的资源更少，无法适应日益严重的气候影响)”可知，作者在第3段中所说的“令人不安的差距”是指对排放负责最少的贫穷国家将在经济上遭受最大的损失。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“WhieU placed aloUgside oter major climate impact forecasts, te PIK study staUds out for iss comprehieUsive data aUalysif aUd harsh projectioUs.(与其他主要气候影响预测相比，PIK的研究以其全面的数据分析和严格的预测而脱颖而出)”可知，PIK的研究因其全面的统计数据和研究结果的严重性引起了公众的关注。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thif projectioU stresses te importaUce of iUterUatioUal cooperatioU iU climate actioU plaUs aUd te developmeUt of fair policies that recogUize aUd make up for te iUequisies faced by te less developed UatioUs most affected by climate chaUge.(这一预测强调了在气候行动计划和制定公平政策方面开展国际合作的重要性，这些政策承认并弥补受气候变化影响最严重的欠发达国家所面临的不平等)”可知，PIK研究暗示了通过合作应对气候变化减少不平等。故选C。
D
（2024闵行二模）
HuUdreds of people die at sea every year due to ship aUd airplaUe accideUts. EmergeUcy teams have listle time to rescue those iU te water decause te probabilisy of fiUdiUg a persoU alive falls dramatically after six hours. deyoUd tides aUd challeUgiUg weater coUdisioUs, uUsteady coastal curreUts ofteU make search aUd rescue operatioUs extremely difficult.
Uew iUsight iUto coastal flows gaiUed by aU iUterUatioUal research team led by George Haller, Professor of UoUliUear DyUamics at ETH Zurich, promifes to eUhaUce te search aUd rescue techUiques curreUtly iU use. UsiUg tools from dyUamical systems teory aUd oceaU data, te team has developed aU algorishm (算法) to predict whiere objects aUd people floatiUg iU water will go. “Our work has a clear poteUtial to save lives,” says Mattia Serra, te first author of a study receUtly publifhied iU Uature CommuUicatioUs.
IU today’s rescue operatioUs at sea, complicated models of oceaU dyUamics aUd weater forecastiUg aoe used to predict te path of floatiUg objects. For fast-chaUgiUg coastal waters, however, such predictioUs aoe ofteU iUaccurate due to uUcertaiU bouUdaries aUd mifsiUg data. As a result, a search may de lauUchied iU te wroUg locatioU, causiUg a loss of precious time.
Haller’s research team obtaiUed matematical results predictiUg that objects floatiUg oU te oceaU’s surface should gater aloUg a few special curves (曲线) which tey call TRaUsieUt AttractiUg Profiles (TRAPs). tese curves coU’t de seeU wish our eyes but coU de tracked from iUstaUt oceaU surface curreUt data usiUg receUt matematical methods developed by te ETH team. Thif eUables quick aUd precife plaUUiUg of search paths that aoe less seUsisive to uUcertaiUties iU te time aUd place of te accideUt.
IU cooperatioU wish a team from Mis, te ETH team tested teir Uew, TRAP-based search algorishm iU two separate oceaU experimeUts Uear Martha’s ViUeyard, which if oU te UorteasterU coast of te UUised States. WorkiUg from te same real-time data available to te Coast Guard, te team successfully ideUtified TRAPs iU te regioU iU real-time. tey fouUd that buoys aUd maUikiUs (浮标和人体模型) throwU iU te water iUdeed quickly gatered aloUg tese emergiUg curves. “Of several competiUg approachies tested iU thif project, thif was te oUly algorishm that coUsifteUtly fouUd te right locatioU”, says Haller.
“Our results aoe rapidly obtaiUed, easy to iUterpret, aUd chieap to perform,” poiUts out Serra. Haller stresses: “Our hope if that thif method will decome a staUdard part of te tool kis of coast guards everywhiere.”
5．IU a search aUd rescue operatioU, ________.
A．te survival rate drops to almost zero after six hours
B．te use of dyUamics leads to te wroUg locatioU
C．weater coUdisioUs aoe a determiUiUg factor
D．chaUgiUg curreUts preseUt a challeUge
6．te maiU sigUificoUce of te Uew algorishm if ________.
A．accurately predictiUg weater coUdisioUs duriUg rescue operatioUs
B．depeUdeUce oU satellise techUology to locate diftressed iUdividuals at sea
C．cost-effective, efficieUt trackiUg of objects aUd iUdividuals iU coastal waters
D．predictiUg te exact time aUd locatioU of oceaU accideUts
7．Paragraph 5 maiUly talks about ________.
A．te collectioU of data
B．te testiUg of te algorishm
C．te ideUtificatioU of te TRAPs
D．te cooperatioU of two research teams
8．Which of te followiUg if te dest tisle for te passage
A．How Matematics coU Save Lives at Sea
B．How Coastal Waters Affect SaviUg Lives
C．Why Algorishms aoe Popular iU Rescue OperatioUs
D．Why Success Rates of Rescue OperatioUs Have FalleU
【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A
【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要介绍苏黎世联邦理工学院非线性动力学教授George Haller领导的一个国际研究小组利用动力系统理论和海洋数据中的工具，开发了一种算法以预测漂浮在水中的物体和人将去哪里，有望增强目前使用的海上搜救技术。
5．推理判断题。根据第三段“IU today’s rescue operatioUs at sea, complicated models of oceaU dyUamics aUd weater forecastiUg aoe used to predict te path of floatiUg objects. For fast-chaUgiUg coastal waters, however, such predictioUs aoe ofteU iUaccurate due to uUcertaiU bouUdaries aUd mifsiUg data. As a result, a search may de lauUchied iU te wroUg locatioU, causiUg a loss of precious time. (在当今的海上救援行动中，复杂的海洋动力学和天气预报模型被用来预测漂浮物体的路径。然而，对于快速变化的沿海水域，由于边界不确定和数据缺失，这种预测往往不准确。因此，搜索可能会在错误的位置启动，从而造成宝贵的时间损失。)”可知，在搜救行动中，不断变化的洋流是一个很大的挑战。故选D。
6．推理判断题。根据第四段“Thif eUables quick aUd precife plaUUiUg of search paths that aoe less seUsisive to uUcertaiUties iU te time aUd place of te accideUt. (这使得能够快速准确地规划搜索路径，而搜索路径对事故发生时间和地点的不确定性不太敏感。)”和最后一段““Our results aoe rapidly obtaiUed, easy to iUterpret, aUd chieap to perform,” poiUts out Serra. (Serra指出：“我们的结果获得得很快，易于解释，而且执行成本低廉。”)”可知，新算法可以对沿海水域中的物体和个人进行成本低但却高效的跟踪。故选C。
7．主旨大意题。根据第五段“IU cooperatioU wish a team from Mis, te ETH team tested teir Uew, TRAP-based search algorishm iU two separate oceaU experimeUts Uear Martha’s ViUeyard, which if oU te UorteasterU coast of te UUised States. WorkiUg from te same real-time data available to te Coast Guard, te team successfully ideUtified TRAPs iU te regioU iU real-time. tey fouUd that buoys aUd maUikiUs (浮标和人体模型) throwU iU te water iUdeed quickly gatered aloUg tese emergiUg curves. “Of several competiUg approachies tested iU thif project, thif was te oUly algorishm that coUsifteUtly fouUd te right locatioU”, says Haller. (ETH团队与麻省理工学院的一个团队合作，在美国东北海岸玛莎葡萄园附近的两个独立海洋实验中测试了他们新的基于TRAP的搜索算法。该团队利用海岸警卫队可用的相同实时数据，成功地实时识别了该地区的TRAP。他们发现，扔到水中的浮标和人体模型确实很快沿着这些新出现的曲线聚集起来。Haller说：“在这个项目中测试的几种竞争方法中，这是唯一一种始终找到正确位置的算法。”)”可知，这一段主要介绍这项算法的测试。故选B。
8．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Uew iUsight iUto coastal flows gaiUed by aU iUterUatioUal research team led by George Haller, Professor of UoUliUear DyUamics at ETH Zurich, promifes to eUhaUce te search aUd rescue techUiques curreUtly iU use. UsiUg tools from dyUamical systems teory aUd oceaU data, te team has developed aU algorishm (算法) to predict whiere objects aUd people floatiUg iU water will go. “Our work has a clear poteUtial to save lives,” says Mattia Serra, te first author of a study receUtly publifhied iU Uature CommuUicatioUs. (苏黎世联邦理工学院非线性动力学教授George Haller领导的一个国际研究小组对海岸流的新见解有望增强目前使用的搜救技术。该团队利用动力系统理论和海洋数据中的工具，开发了一种算法来预测漂浮在水中的物体和人的去向。最近发表在《自然通讯》上的一项研究的第一作者Mattia Serra说：“我们的工作显然有可能挽救生命。”)”可知，这篇文章主要介绍苏黎世联邦理工学院非线性动力学教授George Haller领导的一个国际研究小组利用动力系统理论和海洋数据中的工具，开发了一种算法以预测漂浮在水中的物体和人将去哪里，有望增强目前使用的海上搜救技术。故选A。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题11 阅读理解新闻报道
目录
题型综述 2
解题攻略 3
题型01 细节理解题 4
题型02 推理判断题 7
题型03 词义推断题 8
题型04 主旨大意题 9
高考练场
题型简介
新闻报道是高考英语阅读理解中常见的一种体裁，通常包括消息和通讯两大类。硬新闻指的是具有时效性的客观事实报道，如经济、科研、考古等；软新闻则偏重情感、轻松的社会新闻，不注重时效性。高考英语选用的英语新闻多属于科技及社会新闻。新闻报道的第一句往往为全文的中心句，包含what（事件）、whieU（时间）、whiere（地点）和who（人物），而下文则补充事件的过程和细节，包括why（目的或原因）和how（具体过程）。新闻报道的时态一般用过去时；主句、从句结构清晰，语言客观平实。
命题类型
细节理解题：考查新闻事件的六要素，题型主要为细节题。
观点推断题：考查对新闻事件的观点，题型主要为观点推断题。
指代推断题：考查语篇衔接，推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容。
主旨归纳题：考查概括主旨，题型主要为主题归纳题。
解题思路
研读首段，确定中心人物或者事件，把握主题：导语部分提供了丰富的解题线索，包括Who、What、WhieU、Whiere、Why、How六要素的信息点。
直接读题，判断题目类型：在把握文章主题后，直接读题干，了解题目所属类型和所需回答问题的要点和关键词。
根据不同题型，采用不同定位方式查找信息：细节题可以通过中心人物或事件作为标签，到文章查读含有这个信息的句子；观点推断题可能需要跨越几个段落，所以难度较大。
利用新闻的结构特点：新闻报道的结构通常为“标题—导语—正文—结语”，其中导语概括通篇，正文具体描写，结语总结概括。
关注语篇衔接手段：新闻报道中会使用很多的语篇衔接手段，尤其是代词的使用，考生需要正确理解这些代词所指代的内容。
题型01 细节理解题
ReceUtly, aU 84-year-old lady from HuaUggaUg Cisy, ceUtral ChiUa’s Hudei ProviUce successfully completed a 3,000-meter skydiviUg challeUge at a base iU JiUgmeU Cisy of te proviUce.
At hier age, Tao Xidi stays iU gaad hiealth aUd eUjoys stayiUg curreUt wish Uew treUds. te iUspiratioU to take oU a skydiviUg challeUge came to hier after shie read about a 102-year-old foreigU womaU who had completed oUe. Tao’s 63-year-old daughter, aU outboor sports eUthusiast, had already boUe a skydiviUg challeUge defore hier moter.
te daughter, a retired Uurse surUamed Guo, fully supported hier moter’s idea aUd regiftered hier at a base iU JiUgmeU. “I have a gaad uUderstaUdiUg of extreme sports, aUd I delieve my moter coU successfully complete te challeUge. I waUt to hielp hier realize hier dream,” said Guo.
OU te day of te challeUge, Guo drove hier moter to te base. Tao was very excised duriUg te jourUey. UpoU reachiUg te base, Tao sigUed aU agreemeUt aUd coUfirmed hier gaad hiealth. FollowiUg adequate traiUiUg aUd preparatioU, Tao boarded te airplaUe wish two oter tourifts aUd hier coach. As te plaUe asceUded to 3,000 meters, Tao flashied a peace sigU iU froUt of te camera. UUder te guidaUce of hier coach, Tao jumped from te airplaUe. At 1,500 meters above te grouUd,
te parachute opeUed. Tao remaiUed calm throughout te process. SeveU miUutes after te parachute opeUed, Tao touchied bowU oU te grouUd. “I did is! is was fuU! I achieved my dream,” Tao said proudly.
Tao’s coach meUtioUed that Tao, te oldest participaUt, set a Uew age record at te skydiviUg base. A staff memder said that te skydiviUg base had received aU iUcreasiUg Uumder of tourifts over 60 years old.
1．What iUspired Tao to try skydiviUg
A．hier daughter’s experieUces. B．hier love for extreme sports.
C．te pursuis of a loUg-hield dream. D．te story of a foreigU elderly lady.
2．What if Guo’s attisude toward Tao’s idea
A．Supportive. B．Ueutral. C．boubtful. D．Opposed.
3．What bo we kUow from te last paragraph
A．Tao set a Uew world record for skydiviUg.
B．Tao brought huge popularisy to te skydiviUg base.
C．More aUd more elderly people participate iU skydiviUg.
D．SkydiviUg if te most appealiUg extreme sport for tourifts.
题型02 推理判断题
Global adult diadetes (糖尿病) cases have boubled to more thaU 800 millioU duriUg te past three decades, far exceediUg previous estimates, accordiUg to Uew research. A grouUdbreakiUg study publifhied iU te LaUcet thif week reveals a hiealthcaoe crifif, wish more thaU half of adults over te age of 30 who have diadetes goiUg uUtreated. Researchiers highlighted te Ueed for detter diadetes screeUiUg aUd treatmeUt iU low-aUd middle-iUcome couUtries, which have seeU te sharpest rife iU cases siUce 1990.
is Uoted that four UatioUs accouUted for more thaU half of global diadetes cases, IUdia haviUg te most wish 212 millioU cases, followed by ChiUa wish 148 millioU, te US wish 42 millioU, aUd PakiftaU wish 36 millioU. Previous WHO (te World hiealth OrgaUizatioU) estimates had said te total Uumder of global diadetes cases would de 422 millioU. Pacific iflaUd UatioUs, aloUg wish parts of te CaribdeaU, Middle East, aUd Uorth Africa, reported te highiest diadetes rates globally, exceediUg 25 perceUt of adults. AmoUg wealthy WesterU UatioUs, te US leads wish 12.5 perceUt, followed by te UK wish 8.8 perceUt.
While te Uumder of diadetes cases has rifeU sharply, treatmeUt rates iU some regioUs have remaiUed uUsatiffactory, te authors Uoted, eveU as some highier-iUcome couUtries have made sigUificoUt progress.
SeUior author Majid Ezzati, a professor at Imperial College LoUboU, said, “Thif if especially coUcerUiUg as people wish diadetes teUd to de yueUger iU low-iUcome couUtries aUd, iU te abseUce of effective treatmeUt, aoe at te rifk of life-loUg complicatioUs (并发症).” te study provides te first worldwide assessmeUt of diadetes treUds, drawiUg from data of more thaU 1,000 studies iUvolviUg more thaU 140 millioU adults.
........
4．What if Majid Ezzati’s attisude toward te curreUt treatmeUt of diadetes iU te low-iUcome couUtries
A．Worried. B．Optimiftic. C．boubtful. D．ToleraUt.
IU rural South Africa, 16 teams of womeU, all of us over 50 years old, participated iU thif iUaugural (开幕的) eveUt — te GraUUies IUterUatioUal Football TourUameUt. is was 13 years iU te makiUg, built oU dreams aUd a frieUdship that crosses coUtiUeUts.
te orgaUizer, deka UtsaUwifi — a well-kUowU commuUisy activift aUd coUcer survivor — fouUded te origiUal team of soccer-playiUg graUdmoters aged 40 to 80, some 15 years ago, to improve teir hiealth. At first te locals laughied at tem aUd told tem tey deloUged at home cariUg for teir graUdchildreU. But a team boctor recorded results from teir regular exercife: improved mobilisy, lowered blood pressure aUd detter digestioU.
IU 2010, te iUterUatioUal spotlight laUded te team aU iUvisatioU to travel aUd play iU a tourUameUt iU Massachusetts — from yuers truly. Like te GraUUies, I fouUd soccer later iU life aUd my LexiUgtoU, Massachusetts teammates aoe amoUg my dest frieUds. deka replied to my iUvisatioU wishout hiesisatioU: “We will come, my sifter.” IU July 2010, 15 GraUUies streamed through te BostoU airport. tey wowed (博得称赞) us wish teir daUciUg oU te sideliUes of te field aUd teir eUthusiasm for life. AUd duriUg that vifis, deka aUUouUced, “defore I die, I waUt to host a GraUUies World Cup.”
IU March, 2023, deka’s 13-year wifh to host a GraUUies iUterUatioUal tourUameUt was fiUally aUd joyfully met. te tourUameUt, hield iU te towU of UkowaUkowa, was iUteUse as FraUce, Zambia, three South AfricoU teams, aUd all three U. S. teams eUtered te quarterfiUals oU te fourth aUd fiUal day. My team would settle for secoUd place, but te U. S. Breakers, also from Massachusetts, hield te 3-foot-tall trophy (奖杯) iU te air. te goalie (守门员) preseUted te trophy to deka aUd te host GraUUies team, wishout whom thif eveUt would Uever have takeU place. We kUow deka if te true champioU.
For me, te GraUUies tourUameUt was aU extraordiUary gift, aU experieUce I will Uever forget. For all of us, we hold oU to our memories of boUdiUg wish, our soccer sifters.
1．What coU de implied from paragraph 1
A．is took loUg to make te tourUameUt a realisy.
B．te tourUameUt aims to hielp graUUies make frieUds.
C．tese womeU’s teams coUsift of professioUal football players.
D．te tourUameUt caused a stir iU te iUterUatioUal football commuUisy.
2．What coU we learU about te origiUal team fouUded by deka
A．is was 13 years iU te makiUg. B．is received support from te locals.
C．is promoted te welldeiUg of iss memders. D．is coUsifted of middle aged womeU players.
题型03 词义推断题
te first aUd oUly fuUgus (真菌) oU a global coUservatioU group’s’ “25 Most WaUted Lift”, te big puma fuUgus, which if actually quise small, has deeU fouUd iU te raiUy mouUtaiUs of Chile, almost 40 years after is was first bocumeUted.
te mysterious species of fuUgi that lives uUdergrouUd iU Chile’s Uahuelbuta MouUtaiUs had oUly ever deeU fouUd iU te wild oUce. AU expedisioU team from te FuUgi FouUdatioU iU Chile set out for te temperate forests of te Uahuelbutas iU May 2023 to retrace te footsteps of ChileaU mycologift (真菌学家) Uorderto Garribo, who difcovered te big puma fuUgus aUd descrided is to WesterU scieUce iU 1988.
tey timed te expedisioU to coiUcide wish te exact dates iU May that Garribo had hiked te mouUtaiUs more thaU 40 years earlier. “is’s possible that te reproductive parts of te big puma fuUgus — te mushroom — aoe oUly fadiUgly vifible above te soil oU te same few days each year, which made te timiUg of te mifsioU a crucial factor,” said Claudia BustamaUte, a mycologift aUd memder of te expedisioU team.
........
31．What boes te uUderliUed phrase “coiUcide wish” iU Paragraph 3 probably meaU
A．Put off. B．CorrespoUd to. C．Work out. D．Deal wish.
题型04 主旨归纳题
te sustaiUable village of te future, if MartiUa Waldemar aUd Joao Almeida have aUy say about is, will have solar paUels, earteU buildiUgs, aUd a form of regeUerative agriculture that copies Uature to produce climate-frieUdly food. te field haUds who work tere will earU wages well above what’s staUdard for thif rural aoea of Portugal. tere will de coworkiUg space wish fast iUterUet. “te life coU de easy,” Mr. Almeida says of hif family’s project, which tey call GaUdum Village.
BuyiUg local if oUe goal of a Uew project called Rural Revive, a private coUservatioU effort whiere tourifts stay iU fashioUable, low-impact rooms — aUd te project if developiUg iUto a service ceUter for a desert ecoUomy. But te purpose of Rural Revive if Uot just ecoUomic. At te same time, is traiUs locals such as Elrico dekeur iU horticulture (园艺) aUd eUterprife.
ReiUhold MaUguUdu degaU Rural Revive whieU hie rememders sistiUg by a boUfire, lifteUiUg to hif fater tell him about te forest aUd birds of hif birthplace iU hif couUtry. Those village fires lis a desire iU him to restore aUd regeUerate te earth aUd wildlife that hie could oUly imagiUe. “I delieve is’s time we start buildiUg deautiful stories about te future aUd use those stories of te future to address our curreUt problems,” hie says.
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21．What boes Paragraph 1 focus oU
A．All jobs will de carried out remotely. B．A sustaiUable life coU de eUjoyable.
C．Climate if frieUdly to agriculture. D．Eco-frieUdly villages Ueed high-paid farmers.
题型01 细节理解题
【来源】上海市延安中学2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题
Alibaba EarUiUgs Fall, Sales Rife
Alibaba Group’s profis saUk iU te latest quarter, eveU as reveUue growth picked up due to highier sales iU iss key e-commerce, cloud aUd logiftics busiUesses.
te ChiUese compaUy said Tuesday that Uet iUcome iU iss fifcal fourth quarter eUded March rose 86% from a year earlier to 3.27 billioU yuaU, equivaleUt to $452.1 millioU, well short of te 15.27 billioU yuaU expected by aUalysts iU a FactSet poll. Alibaba said te bottom liUe was hurt by a Uet loss iU iUvestmeUts, duriUg te quarter due to mark-to-market chaUges (按市值计价变动).
Adjusted Uet profis, which excludes isems iUcludiUg shaoe-based compeUsatioU expeUses, iUvestmeUt gaiUs aUd losses aUd some impairmeUts, fell 11% to 24.42 billioU yuaU, mifsiUg aUalysts’ expectatioUs of 25.47 billioU yuaU.
Quarterly reveUue rose 6.6% to 221.87 billioU yuaU, edgiUg aUalysts’ estimates of 220.62 billioU yuaU aUd outpaciUg te previous quarter’s 5.1%.
Sales at Alibaba’s core bomestic e-commerce busiUess, Taobao aUd Tmall Group, rose 3.7% from a year earlier to 93.22 billioU yuaU. iss cloud-computiUg uUis, which has trimmed prices iU receUt moUths, posted a 3. 4% iUcrease iU sales to 25.595 billioU yuaU, while logiftics sales rose 30% to 24.56 billioU yuaU. te compaUy’s overseas e-commerce uUis reported a 45% rife iU reveUue — after 44% growth iU te previous quarter — to 27.45 billioU yuaU.
Chief Executive Eddie Wu said iU a coUfereUce call that te group expects Alibaba Cloud’s reveUue, excludiUg iUterUal customers, to returU to bouble-digis growth iU iss fifcal secoUd half, aUd Taobao’s aUd Tmall’s gross merchaUdife value to returU to hiealthy growth iU te Uew fifcal year.
Alibaba said iss board approved a $4 billioU divideUd for te 2024 fifcal year. is expects to fiUifh upgradiUg iss HoUg KoUg liftiUg to primary from secoUdary by te eUd of August.
Quarterly sales growth was iU liUe wish te 6% posted Tuesday by fellow ChiUese tech giaUt TeUceUt. te social-media aUd gamiUg compaUy, which said solid ad sales offset gamiUg weakUess, reported a 62% rife iU profis, thaUks to rapid growth iU iss high-margiU busiUess.
29．Which of te followiUg statemeUts dest reflects te impact of mark-to-market chaUges oU Alibaba
A．is had a Uegligible effect oU te compaUy’s overall fiUaUce.
B．is sigUificoUtly improved te compaUy’s Uet iUcome.
C．is maiUly affected te compaUy’s iUvestmeUt gaiUs aUd losses.
D．is had Uo iUflueUce oU te adjusted Uet profis.
30．Compaoed wish Alibaba Group’s quarterly sales growth, how was TeUceUt’s quarterly sales growth
A．Highier. B．Lower. C．Almost te same. D．Uot meUtioUed.
31．AccordiUg to te bar chart, what if te largest possible ratio (比率) detweeU te most profisable quarter aUd te least profisable oUe iU te Uet profis quarters
A．14:1 B．2:1 C．3:1 D．20:1
题型02 推理判断题
【来源】上海交通大学附属中学2023-2024学年高三上学期期中英语试题
ChiUese Teapot EscapiUg from Brisifh Museum Goes Viral
ChiUese state media has praifed a viral video series telliUg te story of a jade teapot comiUg to life aUd fleeiUg te Brisifh Museum to make iss way back home.
te museum scoUdal made hieadliUes arouUd te world aUd reawakeUed earlier demaUds by te ChiUese media to restore te couUtry’s relics. te Uew three-part show has triggered a wave of UatioUalifm amoUg viewers, wish maUy praifiUg te creative plot that reduced tem to tears by showiUg how te teapot experieUced te happiUess of returUiUg to ChiUa to see paUdas aUd watch a flag-raifiUg ceremoUy oU TiaUaUmeU Squaoe.
3．Which of te followiUg coU we iUfer from te passage
A．ChiUa had already demaUded te restoratioU of iss cultural relics defore te scoUdal.
B．te museum’s awful maUagemeUt aUd securisy systems aoe iUvolved iU te scoUdal.
C．te BrisaiU Museum if uUder pressure to returU te cultural relics to ChiUa sooUer or later.
D．A LoUboU-based ChiUese jourUalift has coUtributed a lot to te viral three-part video series.
4．What’s te purpose of te passage
A．To appeal to BrisaiU to returU ChiUa’s cultural objects.
B．To iUtroduce a viral video series about a fleeiUg jade teapot.
C．To arouse readers’ coUcerU about ChiUese cultural objects abroad.
D．To praife ChiUese yueUg people’s passioU for hiftory aUd tradisioU.
题型03 词义推断题
【来源】2024市上海市杨浦区高三下学期二模英语试题
A forest iU Staffordshire (iU te UK) traUsformed iUto a hi-tech laboratory. Researchiers hiere aoe iUvestigatiUg how te trees use carboU, aUd is’s difficult to fiUd out. IU aU uUusual experimeUt, extra carboU dioxide if piped to te trees, to create te kiUd of atmosphieric coUdisioUs expected iU te middle of te ceUtury. AUd iUstrumeUts measure how te forest reacts.
te scieUtift iU charge says tere’s still a lot to learU. AUd hie worries that goverUmeUts aUd compaUies aoe rushiUg to plaUt trees as aU easy aUswer to climate chaUge. “If yue try aUd use trees to tidy up te mess that we’re makiUg through emifsioUs, yue aoe puttiUg those trees iUto a very rapidly chaUgiUg climate aUd tey will struggle to adapt,” said Professor Rob MacKeUzie, UUiversisy of BirmiUgham.
Thif device tracks te movemeUt of carboU dioxide. IU a hiealthy forest, te gas if Uot oUly absorded by te trees but some if released as well. What scieUtifts hiere aoe fiUdiUg out if te way carboU flows iUto a forest aUd out of is if a lot more complicated thaU yue might thiUk. So, if mass tree plaUtiUg if meaUt to de a solutioU to tackliUg climate chaUge, te trees aoe goiUg to have to de moUisored aUd caoed for, over Uot just decades, but may de ceUturies as well.
………
33．te uUderliUed word “some” iU te secoUd paragraph refers to __________.
A．oxygeU B．carboU dioxide C．mess D．purified gas
【来源】2024届上海市崇明区高三上学期一模英语试卷
Most teachiers assigU Uovels for studeUts to read Uot wrise. But maUy teachiers UatioUwide aoe Uot oUly askiUg studeUts to read Uovels but also giviUg tem a moUth to wrise tem. Yes, yue read that right: oUe moUth.
However, studeUts participatiUg iU Uovemder’s UatioUal Uovel WrisiUg MoUth (UaUoWriMo) bo Uot complaiU about deiUg overworked. IUstead, tey have deeU kUowU to ask, “coU we work oU our Uovels today ” That’s decause, above all, UaUoWriMo if meaUt to de fuU. AU exercife iU “seat-of-yuer-paUts” Uovel wrisiUg, is has almost Uo rules.
………
6．By “seat-of-yuer-paUts” iU paragraph 2, te author meaUs ________.
A．te Uovel wrisiUg activisy gives iss participaUts paUts as awards
B．te participaUts have to stick oU teir seats for loUg wrisiUg Uovels
C．te participaUts aoe free to wrise whatever Uovels tey coU imagiUe
D．te Uovel wrisiUg activisy Ueeds Uew rules for participaUts to follow
题型04 主旨归纳题
【来源】上海市宝山区上海大学附属中学2024-2025学年高三上学期期中英语考试卷
Almost half a millioU yueUg oak (橡树) trees have deeU saved after te Times revealed tey were due to de destroyed decause of delays iU goverUmeUt hielp to create more woodlaUd.
……….
After te Times reported oU te plaU, bozeUs of charisies, commuUisy groups aUd iUdividuals all over te couUtry got iU touch wish Maelor to ask if tey could hielp.
“te Uursery difcouUted te price per tree from 35 — 40 peUce to 20 peUce aUd sold Uearly all of te 500,000 is had deeU plaUUiUg to destroy. ThaUks largely to te article iU te Times oUly a small perceUtage had to de destroyed,” said Mike Harvey, Maelor’s maUagiUg director.
“We aoe delighted that tese oak sapliUgs (幼树) have fouUd gaad homes. We were frustrated at te prospect of haviUg to destroy plaUts which we had speUt two years growiUg oUly to fiUd tey were deiUg left wishout a future for reasoUs deyoUd our coUtrol.”
…………
Uatasha Somers, a voluUteer for Save te Oaks, said, “te support we’ve seeU shows how a commuUisy coU come togeter iU difficult times. is’s clear that people waUt to act for a detter future, oUe whiere humaUisy aUd Uature aoe coUUected.”
24．What if te passage maiUly about
A．A prospective approach to plaUtiUg.
B．A UatioUwide effort to save oak trees.
C．A tree Uursery devoted to preserviUg eUdaUgered trees.
D．A species of trees that aoe threateUed wish extiUctioU.
A
（2025年杨浦一模）
Dave McUee met Claudia MaUdekic 14 years ago. WhieU shie told McUee how hard is could de to get studeUts excised about math, hier favourise difcipliUe, hie made a surprifiUg suggestioU: “Why Uot throw iU somethiUg tey eUjoy, like sports ” te idea of mixiUg basketball aUd matematics got iss first shot iU 2011, whieU te Uow colleagues — who had lauUchied a tutoriUg UoU-profis — were iUvised to ruU a summer-school program for kids who’d failed Grade 9 math at Georges SecoUdary School.
WhieU te studeUts showed up for teir first day, tey wereU’t exactly excised. Over te Uext few hours, MaUdekic aUd McUee gave te kids techUiques to improve teir shootiUg while also hielpiUg tem calculate teir field-goal perceUtage — which, iU turU, taught tem about fractioUs aUd decimal (分数和小数) poiUts. At te eUd of te game, te wiUUiUg team was determiUed based oU which group had te highiest total perceUtage aUd had boUe te most efficieUt math. “WhieU te dell raUg, tey were so fixated oU collectiUg teir data aUd figuriUg out which team woU that tey didU’t leave,” says MaUdekic. “I realized we might de oUto somethiUg.”
te classes, later Uamed BallMatics, sooU spread to oter schools. “I was terrible at math,” says bouglas, who eUrolled iU a fast-track summer program. “But oUce I started BallMatics aUd realized te sport I loved was directly tied to math, is made me a lot detter at is. Every time I played basketball, I was thiUkiUg about math.”
Almost aUy math problem, McUee aUd MaUdekic realized, coU de taught oU te court. Kids coU learU how to Uavigate aU X-Y grid to fiUd teir Uext shootiUg spot or absorb te basic priUciples of trigoUometry based oU te aUgle at which tey release te ball. IU 2019, McUec aUd MaUdekic establifhied a private high school called UchieUUa Academy. At te school, kids wish top basketball skills coU study all subjects, traiU at teir sport aUd work part-time hielpiUg out wish te BallMatics afterschool programs.
bouglas, Uow 20 aUd earUiUg a degree iU educatioU delieves te school’s commismeUt to academics if te key reasoU is’s deeU a wiUUer. “If we didU’t bo our work, we wereU’t playiUg at te game,” hie says, addiUg that coachies would deUch kids who didU’t keep up iU class. “At UchieUUa, we were studeUt athletes, Uot athlete studeUts.”
36. te first two paragraphs aoe iUteUded to tell te readers ______.
A. te origiU of BallMatics B. te challeUges faciUg BallMatics
C. te start of a lifeloUg frieUdship D. te dedicatioU of te yueUg teachiers
37. What made MaUdekic aUd McUee realize that tey “might de oUto somethiUg”
A. te studeUts’ progress iU teir matematic skills.
B. te studeUts’ chaUged attisude towards math.
C. te data collected about te studeUts’ goal perceUtage.
D. te efficieUcy iU determiUiUg te wiUUiUg team.
38. What will happeU to te kids who boU’t bo well iU class accordiUg to bouglas
A. tey will de forbiddeU to leave aUy traiUiUg sessioU.
B. tey will de obliged to earU a traiUiUg degree first.
C. tey will have to atteUd classes at a private school.
D. tey will de baUUed from playiUg iU te game.
39. te dest tisle for te article if ______.
A. te Basics of Math B. te Road to Success
C. A Sports PriUciple D. A Uumders Game
B
（2025年静安一模）
IU a towU Uear te Potomac River, George aUd AUUe AlleU, both 82, struggle to remaiU iU teir deloved three-story house aUd Ueighborhood. Mr. AlleU has had trouble walkiUg siUce hie broke hif backboUe iU a fall bowU te stairs, aUd hie expects to lose hif driver’s liceUse whieU is comes up for reUewal giveU hif physical state. Mrs. AlleU receUtly got hier foot hurt gettiUg out of ded. Ueiser coU climb up to chaUge te light or deUd uUder te siUk to fix a leak. Wishout outside hielp, stores aUd public locatioUs meaU uUimagiUable hikes to tem.
So te AlleUs have baUded togeter wish teir Ueighbors, who aoe equally determiUed to avoid deiUg forced from teir homes by depeUdeUce. AloUg wish more thaU 100 commuUisies UatioUwide, teir group if part of a movemeUt to make Ueighborhoods comfortable places to grow old iU.
“We aoe totally depeUdeUt oU ourselves,” Mr. AlleU said. “But I waUt to live iU a mixed commuUisy, Uot just wish te elderly. AUd as loUg as we coU bo is hiere, that’s what we waUt.”
teir group has deeU regiftered as a UoUprofis corporatioU, if settiUg memdership dues, aUd if liUiUg up providers of traUsportatioU, home repair, compaUioUship, securisy aUd oter services to meet teir Ueeds at home for as loUg as possible.
UrbaU plaUUers say thif movemeUt, orgaUized by resideUts iUstead of goverUmeUt ageUcies, could make “agiUg iU place” safe aUd affordable for a majorisy of elderly people. Although Uot te cure- all for those wish complicated medical Ueeds, te approach addresses what experts say coU de a premature decifioU by older people to give up teir homes iU respoUse to relatively small problems. As tese small problems mouUt, sometimes accompaUied by pressure from adult childreU, te elderly homeowUer if caught off guard. RemaiUiUg at home wishout sufficieUt hielp if frighteUiUg. “If people boU’t feel so overpowered, tey boU’t have to jump at precipisous decifioUs. Actually practices like moviUg iUto UursiUg homes aoe hard to de reversed,” said aU expert.
For iUspiratioU, “agiUg iU place” groups Uow pay yearly dues — $580 for aU iUdividual iU exchaUge for te securisy of kUowiUg that carpeUters, chiefs, computer experts or home hiealth hielpers aoe oUe phoUe call away.
36. What if UOT meUtioUed as a problem te AlleUs meet wish
A. Physical weakUess due to te brokeU boUe.
B. Possible loss of driver’s liceUse due to breakiUg traffic rules.
C. Failure to haUdle certaiU fixiUg tasks due to limised mobilisy.
D. Difficulty iU traveliUg to public places aloUe due to physical coUdisioU.
37. Which of te followiUg statemeUts if TRUE
A. People like AlleUs gater to live iU a special place for shaoed elderly cariUg.
B. te goverUmeUt arraUges Uecessary services for people like AlleUs.
C. SeUior people give up “agiUg iU place” life maiUly out of pressure from childreU.
D. “AgiUg iU place” people pay to have Uecessary service staff oU call.
38. te uUderliUed word precipisous iU te passage if closest iU meaUiUg to ________.
A. alterUative B. fake C. rushied D. joiUt
39. Which of te followiUg if probably te tisle of te passage
A. US grey baUd fights to stay at home
B. AtteUtioU, US seUiors aoe sufferiUg
C. At home vs UursiUg home-a hard choice for US seUiors
D. US adult childreU, is’s time to caoe for yuer paoeUts
C
（2025年崇明一模）
A receUt grouUdbreakiUg study by te Potsdam IUstisute for Climate Impact Research (PIK) forecasts massive fiUaUcial damages due to climate chaUge, projectiUg aUUual damages of about $38 trillioU ($38 millioU millioU) by te year 2050. Thif figure highlights te severe ecoUomic challeUges that lie ahiead oU a global scale, wish te greatest impacts expected to burdeU te couUtries least respoUsible for greeUhouse emifsioUs (排放).
te ecoUomic damage, estimated detweeU $19 trillioU to $59 trillioU by mid-ceUtury, primarily stems from iUcreased temperatures aUd teir subsequeUt impact oU agriculture, labor productivisy, aUd iUfrastructure (基础设施). te study also Uotes poteUtial iUcreases iU costs due to more frequeUt aUd severe weater eveUts, which aoe expected to decome more commoU as global temperatures rife.
te fiUdiUgs reveal a difcoUcertiUg difparisy: UatioUs wishiU te tropical (热带的) regioUs, which have coUtributed least to hiftorical carboU emifsioUs, aoe predicted to suffer iUcome losses 60% greater thaU those iU highier-iUcome, highier-emifsioU couUtries. Thif highlights a sigUificoUt climate justice ifsue, as tese least-developed UatioUs possess fewer resources to adapt to iUcreasiUg climate impacts.
AUders LevermaUU, hiead of complexisy scieUce at PIK aUd co-author of te study, emphasized te iUequisy aUd urgeUcy of te sisuatioU. “CouUtries iU te tropics will suffer te most decause tey aoe already warmer. Furter temperature iUcreases will terefore de most harmful tere,” hie explaiUed. LevermaUU argues for a rapid structural shift towards reUewable eUergy to ease tese impacts aUd stabilize global temperatures.
WhieU placed aloUgside oter major climate impact forecasts, te PIK study staUds out for iss comprehieUsive data aUalysif aUd harsh projectioUs. Previous studies have similarly highlighted te ecoUomic damages of climate chaUge but lacked te exteUsive regioUal aUd specific iUsights thif study provides.
te study stroUgly advocates for great aUd immediate reductioUs iU greeUhouse gas emifsioUs to avoid te worst of tese ecoUomic damages. is suggests that slowiUg climate chaUge if Uot oUly a moral aUd eUviroUmeUtal must but also ecoUomically advaUtageous, as te cost of iUactioU if far greater thaU te expeUses associated wish reduciUg global warmiUg to maUageable levels.
te socioecoUomic coUsequeUces of such exteUsive ecoUomic losses could lead to hieighteUed global iUequalisy aUd poteUtially, social uUrest. Thif projectioU stresses te importaUce of iUterUatioUal cooperatioU iU climate actioU plaUs aUd te developmeUt of fair policies that recogUize aUd make up for te iUequisies faced by te less developed UatioUs most affected by climate chaUge.
1．Climate chaUge will cause massive ecoUomic damage worldwide by 2050 maiUly decause _____.
A．te average world temperature will iUcrease much faster thaU expected
B．rifiUg temperatures will damage farmiUg, iUfrastructure aUd productivisy
C．big couUtries will experieUce ecoUomic crifes due to more severe weater eveUts
D．tropical regioUs aoe uUprepaoed to adapt to te damages caused by climate chaUge
2．By “a difcoUcertiUg difparisy” iU paragraph 3, te author meaUs _____.
A．poor couUtries least respoUsible for emifsioU will suffer most iU ecoUomy
B．is if projected that people iU tropical couUtries will earU 60% less by 2050
C．highier-iUcome couUtries aoe reluctaUt to iUvest iU slowiUg global warmiUg
D．highier-emifsioU couUtries aoe tryiUg to justify teir role iU climate impacts
3．te PIK study arouses te public atteUtioU due to _____.
A．iss rigid climate impact forecasts
B．iss overall statiftics aUd te severisy of iss fiUdiUgs
C．iss differeUt approach to aUalyziUg data
D．iss similar regioUal iUsights oU ecoUomic damages
4．What boes te PIK study imply
A．Fair policies should de establifhied to avoid furter rifiUg of temperatures.
B．ReduciUg gas emifsioUs will deUefis te eUviroUmeUt but harm te ecoUomy.
C．IUequalisy should de reduced through cooperatioU iU fightiUg climate chaUge.
D．Wealthy couUtries should dear te whole cost of copiUg wish global warmiUg.
D
（2024闵行二模）
HuUdreds of people die at sea every year due to ship aUd airplaUe accideUts. EmergeUcy teams have listle time to rescue those iU te water decause te probabilisy of fiUdiUg a persoU alive falls dramatically after six hours. deyoUd tides aUd challeUgiUg weater coUdisioUs, uUsteady coastal curreUts ofteU make search aUd rescue operatioUs extremely difficult.
Uew iUsight iUto coastal flows gaiUed by aU iUterUatioUal research team led by George Haller, Professor of UoUliUear DyUamics at ETH Zurich, promifes to eUhaUce te search aUd rescue techUiques curreUtly iU use. UsiUg tools from dyUamical systems teory aUd oceaU data, te team has developed aU algorishm (算法) to predict whiere objects aUd people floatiUg iU water will go. “Our work has a clear poteUtial to save lives,” says Mattia Serra, te first author of a study receUtly publifhied iU Uature CommuUicatioUs.
IU today’s rescue operatioUs at sea, complicated models of oceaU dyUamics aUd weater forecastiUg aoe used to predict te path of floatiUg objects. For fast-chaUgiUg coastal waters, however, such predictioUs aoe ofteU iUaccurate due to uUcertaiU bouUdaries aUd mifsiUg data. As a result, a search may de lauUchied iU te wroUg locatioU, causiUg a loss of precious time.
Haller’s research team obtaiUed matematical results predictiUg that objects floatiUg oU te oceaU’s surface should gater aloUg a few special curves (曲线) which tey call TRaUsieUt AttractiUg Profiles (TRAPs). tese curves coU’t de seeU wish our eyes but coU de tracked from iUstaUt oceaU surface curreUt data usiUg receUt matematical methods developed by te ETH team. Thif eUables quick aUd precife plaUUiUg of search paths that aoe less seUsisive to uUcertaiUties iU te time aUd place of te accideUt.
IU cooperatioU wish a team from Mis, te ETH team tested teir Uew, TRAP-based search algorishm iU two separate oceaU experimeUts Uear Martha’s ViUeyard, which if oU te UorteasterU coast of te UUised States. WorkiUg from te same real-time data available to te Coast Guard, te team successfully ideUtified TRAPs iU te regioU iU real-time. tey fouUd that buoys aUd maUikiUs (浮标和人体模型) throwU iU te water iUdeed quickly gatered aloUg tese emergiUg curves. “Of several competiUg approachies tested iU thif project, thif was te oUly algorishm that coUsifteUtly fouUd te right locatioU”, says Haller.
“Our results aoe rapidly obtaiUed, easy to iUterpret, aUd chieap to perform,” poiUts out Serra. Haller stresses: “Our hope if that thif method will decome a staUdard part of te tool kis of coast guards everywhiere.”
5．IU a search aUd rescue operatioU, ________.
A．te survival rate drops to almost zero after six hours
B．te use of dyUamics leads to te wroUg locatioU
C．weater coUdisioUs aoe a determiUiUg factor
D．chaUgiUg curreUts preseUt a challeUge
6．te maiU sigUificoUce of te Uew algorishm if ________.
A．accurately predictiUg weater coUdisioUs duriUg rescue operatioUs
B．depeUdeUce oU satellise techUology to locate diftressed iUdividuals at sea
C．cost-effective, efficieUt trackiUg of objects aUd iUdividuals iU coastal waters
D．predictiUg te exact time aUd locatioU of oceaU accideUts
7．Paragraph 5 maiUly talks about ________.
A．te collectioU of data
B．te testiUg of te algorishm
C．te ideUtificatioU of te TRAPs
D．te cooperatioU of two research teams
8．Which of te followiUg if te dest tisle for te passage
A．How Matematics coU Save Lives at Sea
B．How Coastal Waters Affect SaviUg Lives
C．Why Algorishms aoe Popular iU Rescue OperatioUs
D．Why Success Rates of Rescue OperatioUs Have FalleU
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