A Healthy Life
Teaching aims
to master some useful words and phrases
to master some useful words and phrases
to train the students’ reading and writing skills
Teaching Procedures
Ⅰ. Pre-reading Activate topic vocabulary
Health: energetic, health; keep fit / healthy
Injury: arm, hurt, injure, wound, ache, blood, burn, injury, pain, bleed
Illness: fever, flu, cancer, deaf, disabled, disease, headache, illness, allergic, sick; heart attack, overweight
Cure: recover, rescue, treat, get over, have an operation on, examine, medical, recovery, relief, care for, drug, pill, medicine, capsule, tablet
Ⅱ. Fast-reading Get the general idea of a passage
1. Read the passage in 8 minutes
What is the main idea of the passage
What is the purpose of Cohen’s new study
How did Cohen reach his conclusion
What did Cohen’s new study show
2. What is the main idea of the passage
People with a positive emotional style are less likely to fall ill.
3. Circle the topic vocabulary
Staying positive through the cold season could be the best defence against getting sick, a new American study suggests.
In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny character were less likely to fall ill.
The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a “positive emotional style” can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses.
“People with a positive emotional style may have different immune (免疫的) responses to the virus,” explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. “And when they do get a cold, they may experience their illness as less severe.”
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less susceptible (易受影响的) to catching a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional quality itself had the effect.
For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality qualities, physical health and “emotional style”.
Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and hostile (敌意的) had a negative style.
Afterwards, the researchers gave them nose drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus that causes flu-like symptoms. Over the next six days the volunteers reported on any aches, pains, sneezing they had.
Cohen and his colleagues found that happy people were less likely to develop a cold.
What’s more, when happy folks did develop a cold, their symptoms were less severe than what would be expected based on objective (客观的) measures.
In contrast, people with negative characters were not at increased risk of developing a cold based on objective measures, though they did tend to get down about their symptoms.
“We find that it’s really positive emotions that have the big effect”, Cohen said, “not the negative ones.”
So can a bad-tempered person fight a cold by deciding to be happy
1. The underlined phrase “ward off ” in paragraph 3 means ___________.
A. get close to B. keep away from C. get used to D. go on with
2. The purpose of Cohen’s new study was to ___________.
A. find effective ways to fight illnesses
B. test people’s different immune responses to cold virus
C. tell differences between happy people and unhappy people
D. examine whether health was related to emotional styles
3. How did Cohen reach his conclusion
A. By comparing the experimental results of different groups.
B. By asking the volunteers to complete a form.
C. By collecting data among people with a cold.
D. By observing the volunteers’ symptoms.
4. Cohen’s new study showed that ___________.
A. an emotional style is difficult to change
B. happy people are immune to cold virus
C. people’s attitudes toward illnesses are different
D. happiness itself helps protect people from cold
5. We can conclude from the text that ___________.
A. success is the twin of positive spirits
B. we get more by being more positive
C. the happier we are, the fewer colds we will suffer
D. physical health is more important than mental health
1. B 词义猜测题 通读全文可知，积极的情绪可以帮助人们不患感冒等疾病。
2. D 推理判断题 第五段说Cohen和他的同事在早些时候的研究中发现快乐的人似乎更不容易受到感冒的影响；后来又发现积极情绪类型的人患感冒的可能性要小得多，由此可推断出新实验的目的就是要弄清健康状况和情绪类型的关系。
3. A 事实细节题 由第六段和第八段可知，Cohen在实验前让志愿者完成一些标准测量，在接下来的实验中，志愿者在六天内报告他们的症状，说明他是把不同情绪类型的实验者的结果作了比较。
4. D 推理判断题 Cohen的研究发现主要有两项：happy people were less likely to develop a cold和their symptoms were less severe。
5. C 推理判断题 由第八段最后一句happy people were less likely to develop a cold可知，越快乐的人，越不容易患感冒。
Ⅲ. Careful-reading Get some detailed information
Important and difficult points
词块：catch a cold 感冒
拓展：发烧 have a fever
咳嗽 have a cough
胃疼 have a stomachache
牙疼 have a toothache
背疼 have a backache
咽喉发炎 have a sore throat
患流感 have the flu
患心脏病 suffer from heart disease
合成词：形容词+现在分词 easy-going 容易相处的
拓展：good-looking 好看的
long-wearing 耐穿的
long-standing 长时间的
ever-lasting 永恒的
out-standing 杰出的
翻译：那些快乐的、精力充沛并且容易相处的人被认为有着积极的情感类型，而那些常常不快乐的、神经紧张并充满敌意的人则有着消极的情感类型。
翻译：而且，当乐观的人感冒了的时候，他们的症状比按客观标准预想的症状要轻。
合成词：形容词+名词-ed
bad-tempered 坏脾气的
grey-haired 头发灰白的
kind-hearted 好心的
good-natured 天性善良的
absent-minded 健忘的；心不在蔫的
strong-willed 意志坚强的
Ⅳ. Post-reading Do deliberate practice
“意识培养”：词汇网络化
1.根据句意写出画线部分的汉语意思。
（1）While online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive.
（16 浙江单选）__________
（2）There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery while another man, also intelligent, fails. （13 全国单选） ____________
（3）Mary made coffee while her guests were finishing their meal.
（10 全国单选） ________________________
2. 用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 (as, while, when)
（1）They were playing in the garden _________ they heard a scream.
（2）Her eyesight worsened _________ she grew older.
（3）___________ you were playing golf, I went to the cinema.
（4）Mr Thomas found the coins ____________ digging in his back garden.
“能力提升”：同义替换
一、写出能替换画线部分的单词或短语。
When happy folks did develop a cold, their symptoms were less serious than what would be expected based on objective measures.
“能力提升”：语用意义
二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a “positive emotional style” can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses. ___________
2. People with a positive emotional style may have different immune responses to the virus, explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen.
“能力提升”：汉英对比
三、根据汉语，写出单词的正确形式。
In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally ____________ (开朗的) character were less likely to fall ill.
“能力提升”：词法、句法、语法
四、在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. Staying positive through the cold season could be the best __________ (defend) against getting sick.
2. Some questions remained as to whether the emotional quality __________ (it) had the effect.
3. In contrast, people __________ negative characters were not at increased risk of developing a cold based on objective measures.
4. “We find that it’s really positive emotions _________ have the big effect”, Cohen said, “not the negative ones.”
“能力提升”：词块
五、根据所给汉语，完成下列句子。
1. The purpose of Cohen’s new study was to examine whether health ______________ (与……有关) emotional styles.
2. Cohen’s new study showed that happiness itself helps ________________________(保护人们免于感冒).
“能力提升”：句式
六、根据所给句子在空白处填上适当的内容，使句意保持不变。
1. Those people were judged as having a positive emotional style.
They tended to be happy, energetic and easy-going. (合并为一句)
Those, _______________________________________, _______ were judged as having a positive emotional style.
2. The researchers gave them nose drops and the drops contain either a cold virus or a particular flu virus.
The virus causes flu-like symptoms. (非谓语动词；定语从句)
The researchers gave them nose drops __________ either a cold virus or a particular flu virus __________ causes flu-like symptoms.
“能力提升”：话题微写作
话题：“A healthy life”
形式：单句；文段；短文（任选其一）
要求：必须用到下列词汇 health, positive, energetic, catch a cold, illness, cure
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________《高中英语阅读》高二
Staying positive through the cold season could be the best defence against getting sick, a new American study suggests.
In an experiment that exposed healthy volunteers to a cold or flu virus, researchers found that people with a generally sunny character were less likely to fall ill.
The findings, published in the journal Psychosomatic Medicine, build on evidence that a “positive emotional style” can help ward off the common cold and other illnesses.
“People with a positive emotional style may have different immune (免疫的) responses to the virus,” explained lead study author Dr Sheldon Cohen of Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh. “And when they do get a cold, they may experience their illness as less severe.”
Cohen and his colleagues had found in a previous study that happier people seemed less susceptible (易受影响的) to catching a cold, but some questions remained as to whether the emotional quality itself had the effect.
For the new study, the researchers had 193 healthy adults complete standard measures of personality qualities, physical health and “emotional style”.
Those who tended to be happy, energetic and easy-going were judged as having a positive emotional style, while those who were often unhappy, tense and hostile (敌意的) had a negative style.
Afterwards, the researchers gave them nose drops containing either a cold virus or a particular flu virus that causes flu-like symptoms. Over the next six days the volunteers reported on any aches, pains, sneezing they had.
Cohen and his colleagues found that happy people were less likely to develop a cold.
What’s more, when happy folks did develop a cold, their symptoms were less severe than what would be expected based on objective (客观的) measures.
In contrast, people with negative characters were not at increased risk of developing a cold based on objective measures, though they did tend to get down about their symptoms.
“We find that it’s really positive emotions that have the big effect”, Cohen said, “not the negative ones.”
So can a bad-tempered person fight a cold by deciding to be happy
1. The underlined phrase “ward off ” in paragraph 3 means ___________.
A. get close to B. keep away from C. get used to D. go on with
2. The purpose of Cohen’s new study was to ___________.
A. find effective ways to fight illnesses
B. test people’s different immune responses to cold virus
C. tell differences between happy people and unhappy people
D. examine whether health was related to emotional styles
3. How did Cohen reach his conclusion
A. By comparing the experimental results of different groups.
B. By asking the volunteers to complete a form.
C. By collecting data among people with a cold.
D. By observing the volunteers’ symptoms.
4. Cohen’s new study showed that ___________.
A. an emotional style is difficult to change
B. happy people are immune to cold virus
C. people’s attitudes toward illnesses are different
D. happiness itself helps protect people from cold
5. We can conclude from the text that ___________.
A. success is the twin of positive spirits
B. we get more by being more positive
C. the happier we are, the fewer colds we will suffer
D. physical health is more important than mental health
1. B 词义猜测题 通读全文可知，积极的情绪可以帮助人们不患感冒等疾病。
2. D 推理判断题 第五段说Cohen和他的同事在早些时候的研究中发现快乐的人似乎更不容易受到感冒的影响；后来又发现积极情绪类型的人患感冒的可能性要小得多，由此可推断出新实验的目的就是要弄清健康状况和情绪类型的关系。
3. A 事实细节题 由第六段和第八段可知，Cohen在实验前让志愿者完成一些标准测量，在接下来的实验中，志愿者在六天内报告他们的症状，说明他是把不同情绪类型的实验者的结果作了比较。
4. D 推理判断题 Cohen的研究发现主要有两项：happy people were less likely to develop a cold和their symptoms were less severe。
5. C 推理判断题 由第八段最后一句happy people were less likely to develop a cold可知，越快乐的人，越不容易患感冒。
