话题24 重大政治、 历史事件，文化渊源-2025年高考英语一轮话题复习 课件

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话题24 重大政治、 历史事件，文化渊源
2025年高考英语一轮话题复习
Warm Up
A people without the knowledge of their past history, origin and
culture is like a tree without roots.
——Marcus Garvey
话题与教材 教学重难点 人教必修二U4；外研选必三U3；译林选必三U3 核心词汇突破 amount，charge，defence，evidence，puzzle，sense
续写提分素材 手部动作
Teaching Guide
话题词汇梳理
1.amount n.　　　 　　
2.　　　　　　 n.祖宗,祖先
3.campaign n.　　 v.参加运动
4.　　 n.(英国的)郡,(美国的)县
5.ensure vt.　　　　 　
6.issue n.___________________________________________vt.___________________
7.　　　　adj.军事的,军队的　n.(一国的)军队,武装力量
8.port n.　　　　 　
9.pub n.　　　　　
10.snack n.点心,小吃
金额;数量,数额
ancestor
运动;战役
county
保证,确保,担保
重要议题,争论的问题;(有关某事的)问题,困扰;一期,期号
military
港,港口;港口城市
宣布,公布
酒吧,酒馆
11.break out　　　 　　
12.join...to...　　 　　　
13.live on　　　　　
14.serve as...　　　　 　
15.achievement n.成就,成绩;达到,完成　　　　　　　vt.(凭长期努力)达到(某目标、地位、标准);完成 vi.成功 拓展　　　　 成就感
16.ancient adj.　　　　 　　　　反　　 adj.当代的,现代的
17.battle n.　　　　　 　　v.搏斗,奋斗,斗争　搭配battle for...　　　　　　
18.　　　　　　 n.链条;一连串(人或事),一系列;连锁商店(或旅馆) 拓展 __________________　　　 　 　　 _____________________连锁超市
achieve
→
a sense of achievement
古代的;古老的
modern
战斗,搏斗;竞争，斗争;奋斗
为……而斗争
chain
a chain of supermarkets/
a supermarket chain
继续活着,继续存在
担任……;可用作……
突然开始,爆发
把……和……连接起来
19.charge n.收费;控告;主管　vt.　　 v.收费,要价搭配in charge (of sth.)　　　　　
20.chief adj.最重要的;最高级别的　n.　　　　　　 　 拓展Chief Executive Officer(CEO)__________________________　 　　　 　
21.crowd n.人群;一伙人　vt.　　　　　 　　　　 　adj.拥挤的;挤满的
22.current adj.当前的,现在的n.(海洋或江河的)水流;电流;思潮　 　　　　　　adv.当前;目前_________n.通货,货币
23.defence n.保护,保卫　 　　　　　 v.防御;防守　vt.辩解　　　　　　adj.防御的;戒备的
24.election n.　　　　　　 　　　 vt.选举,推选;选择,决定(做某事)
25.evidence n.证据,证明 　 　　　　　　 adj.明显的
(公司或机构的)首领;酋长
→
→
→
→
(大公司的)总裁﹐首席执行官
挤满;涌上(心头),涌入(脑海)
crowded
currently
currency
defend
defensive
选举，推选;当选
elect
→
控吿;充电;指责
掌管,负责
evident
→
26.greet vt.　　　　　　　　　　　　　n.问候,招呼,迎接,致意
27.legal adj.　　　　　 　　　　　 　adv.合法地;法律上 反 　　　　 adj.不合法的,违法的,非法的　　　　　adv.非法地
28.means n.方式,方法,途径;[pl.]钱,收入 拓展by means of　　　 　　　　 by no means 　　　　　　
29.position n.位置;姿态;职位;处境,状况;观点,态度;地位;名次　搭配in position　　　　　
30.puzzle n.谜,智力游戏;疑问　vt.迷惑,使困惑 　 puzzling adj.　　　　　　　puzzled
adj.　　 　　　　　搭配puzzle over/about　　 　　　　
31.rate n.　　　　　 v.评价　vt.划分等级;看好,认为……是好的　
搭配at a rate of...　　　　　　
→
问候,迎接,招呼
→
greeting
法律的;法律允许的,合法的
legally
illegal
illegally
依靠……方法,借助……手段
就位
决不,一点也不
→
令人迷惑的
困惑的,迷惑不解的
苦苦思索,仔细琢磨
速度;比率;价格
以……的速度
32.　　　　　 vt.意识到,感觉到　n.感觉官能;感觉,意识;理解力,判断力;意义　　　　　　　 n.(探测光、热、压力等的)传感器　sensory adj.感觉的,感官的
→
sense
sensor
请同学们完成基础练2中的各题！
核心词汇突破
(1)我们得到了人们的大力帮助。
We’ve had _________________________help from people.
(2)她的情况得到了无数民众的同情。
Her case has attracted _________________________________ public sympathy.
(3)His earnings are said to amount ______ 300 000 per annum.
1.amount n.金额；数量
·the amount of... ……的数量
“大量/少量的”表达:
a large/ small amount of+n.[U]+v.(单数)
large/ small amounts of+n.[U]+v.(复数)
·amount to 共计，总计；等于，相当于
to
an enormous amount of
an enormous amount of
(1)斯特恩让特拉维斯负责研究小组。
Stern put Travis _____________________ the research team.
(2)这家餐厅收我们40英镑的酒水钱。
The restaurant ______________________________.
(3)去年，他在父亲去世后掌管了农场。
He ____________________ the farm after his father’s death last year.
2.charge vt.&vi.收费；控诉；充电 n.费用；指控；主管
·charge sb. with (doing) sth. = accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指控某人犯……罪
charge sb. money for sth. 因某事/物收某人钱
charge at 向……发起冲锋，扑向
·free of charge = for free 免费 in charge of 掌管(表状态)
take charge of 掌管(表动作) in the charge of 被……掌管；由……负责
in charge of
charged us 40 for the wine
took charge of
(1)琼写了封信到报社为安杰拉（Angela）辩护。
Jean wrote a letter to the paper ________________________.
(2)我们要防御军事侵略。
________________________________ military aggression.
(3)Students should be ready to explain and ______________(defence) their views.
3.defence n.防御；保卫
·in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
·in one’s defence为某人辩护
※defend
·defend...against/from (doing...)保护……免受……
·defend oneself 自卫；为自己辩护
in Angela’s defense
We need to defend against
defend
(1)很明显﹐公司陷入了财务困境。
________________________ that the company was in financial difficulties.
(2)越来越多的证据表明，讲两种语言的儿童不仅在外语学习上，同时在其他各门学科的学习上都表现得更好。
__________________________ bilingual children perform better across a range of school subjects, not just foreign languages.
(3)He refused to give ____________(evident) at the trial.
3.evidence n.证据；证明
·There is evidence that...有证据表明……
·It is evident that... 很明显……
It was clearly evident
There is evidence that
evidence
(1)约翰似乎不明白那问题是什么意思。
John seemed _________________________________.
(2)她满脸困惑的表情。
She ___________________ on her face.
(3)Scientists are _________(puzzle) as to why the whale had swum to the shore.
4.puzzle n.谜；智力游戏；疑问 vt.迷惑；使困惑
·a puzzle to sb. 一件让某人感到困惑的事情
※puzzling adj. 令人困惑的
※puzzled adj. 感到困惑的
·be puzzled at/about 对……迷惑不解
a puzzzled look/expression 一脸迷惑
puzzled
had a puzzled look
puzzled about what the question meant
(1)这封信是什么意思，我弄不明白。
I can’t ____________________ this letter.
(2)该组织试图通过这些社会活动来培养一种归属感。
The organization tries to foster ____________________ through these social events.
5.sense v.意识到，察觉到 n.感官
·make sense of 弄懂……的意思;理解
make no sense 没道理;没意义
in a sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 决不(位于句首时要用部分倒装结构)
common sense 常识
a sense of belonging/ humour/ direction/duty 归属感/幽默感/方向感/责任感
There’s no/little sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没道理/没意义
make sense of
a sense of belonging
话题语段拓展
一、阅读下面语段，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
[教材改编,译林选必三U3 P41]The Industrial Revolution started in England in the 18th century. The factory system was one 　1　 change of the Industrial Revolution. This began with improvements in textile(纺织品)production in northern England. Machine designs were reformed and the textile output 　2　 considerably. Steam power was another important 　3　. In 1712, Thomas Newcomen 　4　 the first practical steam engine. James Watt then greatly improved Newcomen’s engine, making it more 　5　 for industrial use in the late 18th century. Through further improvement, the steam engine was widely used in factories and transport to power all types of machines.
1.A.fundamental　　　　　B.ancient　　　　　C.puzzling　　　　　D.legal
2.A.happened B.battled C.remained D.increased
3.A.evidence B.change C.issue D.means
4.A.achieved B.created C.sensed D.charged
5.A.current B.military C.powerful D.suitable
1.A　工厂制度是工业革命的一个十分重大的变化。根据语境和常识可知,fundamental"十分重大的,根本的"符合语境,故选A。
2.D　机器设计被改良后,纺织品产量应该是大大地提高了。故选D。
3.B　根据下文中的"Through further improvement, the steam engine was widely used…machines"可知,蒸汽机被广泛地用于工厂和交通运输系统,给各种类型的机器提供动力。由此可知,蒸汽动力是另一个重要的变化。故选B。
4.B　根据常识和空后的first可知,此处指Thomas Newcomen发明了第一台实用蒸汽机,故选B。
5.D　James Watt随后大大地改进了Newcomen的发动机,使其更适合18世纪后期的工业使用。根据语境,应选D。
答案
请同学们完成基础练3剩余的试题！
续写提分素材
——手部动作
单词
wave, throw, point, dig, drag/pull, push, fold, knock, tap, clap/applaud, press, touch, wipe, pat, rub, catch/grab/grasp抓住，scratch抓挠，tear撕
词组
1.hold/reach out one's hand伸出手 2.hand in hand手拉手
3.with one's head in one's hands双手抱头 4.cup...in one's hands双手捧住……
5.raise one's hand/put one's hand up举手 6.spread one's hands摊开双手
7.run one's fingers through one's hair用手指梳理头发
词组
8.raise/put a finger to one's lips举起一根手指放在唇上
9.drum one's fingers on sth.用手指嗒嗒地敲某物
10.shake one's hand warmly和某人热情地握手
11.let go of one's hand放开某人的手
佳句
1.He slid his hands into his pocket, pulled out some change and handed it to me.他把手伸进口袋，掏出一些零钱递给我。
2.He patted me on the head, held my hands gently and told me not to worry.他拍拍我的头，轻轻地握住我的手，告诉我不要担心。
3.His fingers were light on the keys, and they even danced on the keys like a joyful bird.他的手指轻触琴键，甚至像一只欢快的小鸟一样在琴键上跳舞。
仿写运用
1.当李老师给她颁奖的时候，全班热烈鼓掌。她羞涩地微笑了一下，掌声震耳欲聋。
The class __________________________ as Mr Lee presented her with the award.
She gave them a shy smile and the applause was deafening.
2.她举起一根手指放在唇上，示意我们安静。
She ______________________________, signaling us to be quiet.
3.他提高声音，不耐烦地用手指嗒嗒地敲着桌子。
Raising his voice, he __________________________________________.
4.我想她可能也害怕，所以我伸出手来握住她的手，用另一只手拍她的背。
I thought she might be scared too, so I _______________________ to hold hers,
_______________________ with the other.（第二空现在分词作状语）
clapped/applauded warmly
raised/put a finger to her lips
drummed his fingers on the table impatiently
held out my hand;
patting her on the back
5.她温柔地双手捧住小鸟，仔细查看它有没有受伤。
She _________________________________________ to check carefully whether it was injured.
6.这个女人放开了丈夫的手，她的头垂了下来，嘴唇开始颤抖。他们买不起五张票让所有孩子都去动物园。
The woman _______________________________, her head dropped, and her lips began to shake. They couldn't afford five tickets to take all their children to the zoo.
cupped the little bird in her hands gently
let go of her husband's hand