话题31 自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护-2025年高考英语一轮话题复习 课件

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话题31 自然灾害与防范，安全常识与自我保护
2025年高考英语一轮话题复习
Warm Up
Live to Tell：Raising Awareness，Reducing
Mortality. ——United Nations International
Strategy for Disaster Reduction
话题与教材 教学重难点 人教必修一U4；外研必修三U6，选必二U6；北师大必修二U5；译林必修三U2 核心词汇突破 bear，calm，effect，effort，inform，shock，supply
续写提分素材 各种“说”和“唱”
Teaching Guide
话题词汇梳理
1.　　　　　　vt.埋葬,安葬;埋藏
2.disaster n.　　　　 　
3.　　　　　　n.突发事件,紧急情况
4.　　　　　　v.逃脱,摆脱　vt.避免　vi.逃走　n.逃跑,逃脱;(暂时的)解脱
5.　　　　　　n.洪水;大量(的人或事物) vi.大量涌入　v.(使)灌满水;淹没
6.forecast vt.& n.　　　　　
7.grab v.　　　　　　　 vi.(试图)抓住,夺得
8.　　　　　　n.金属
9.slide v.(使)滑行;(使)快捷而悄声地移动　n.______________________
10.trap vt.使落入险境;卡住 n._________
bury
灾难,灾害;不幸
emergency
escape
flood
预测,预报
抓住;抓住(机会)
metal
滑动;幻灯片;山崩;降低,衰落
困境;陷阱
11.bear vt.忍受;承担责任　　　　 adj.可忍受的→　　　　　　　adj.难以忍受的
12.burn v.(使)烧毁;(使燃料)燃烧;晒伤　vt.烫伤,烧伤　vi.燃烧;发光　n.烧伤,烫伤　
　　　　　　 adj.燃烧着的→ 　　　　　　adj.烧坏的,烧伤的　搭配　　　　　　(火势)减弱;(被)焚毁
13.calm adj.镇静的;风平浪静的　v.(使)平静,(使)镇定 　　　 　 adv.镇定地　
搭配　　　　　　(使)平静,镇静,安静
14.　　　　　　v.碰撞,撞击　n.撞车,碰撞　搭配a car crash　　 　　　　
15.die v.死亡　vi.消失,灭亡;停止运转 　　　　n.死,死亡→　　　 adj.死的→　　　　adj.致命的　搭配　　　　　　灭绝,消失
16.effect n.影响,效应,结果　 　　　　adj.有效的;生效的 拓展 _　　　　　(药物的)副作用;意外的连带后果 搭配 __________________对……有影响
bearable
→
→
→
→
unbearable
burning
burnt
burn down
calmly
calm down
crash
汽车撞车事故
death
dead
deadly
die out
effective
→
side effect
have an effect on …
17.　　　　n.努力,气力;试图,尽力　搭配make an effort　　　　　　
18.erupt v.(火山)爆发　vi.突然发生　 　　　　n.爆发,突然发生 拓展a volcanic eruption__________　
19.fire n.火,火灾;激情;炉火;暖气装置;射击,火力　vt.激励;解雇　vi.点火,发动　v.射击,开火　
搭配　　　　　　　着火　　　　　　　灭火
20.inform vt.通知;告知　　　　　 n.信息,消息→　　　　　adj.见多识广的,消息灵通的　搭配inform sb. of sth.　　　 　　　
21.move v.移动;转变;搬家　vi.前进;采取行动 vt.使感动(尤指因为同情或悲伤);使变换, 调动→
　　　　　　n.运动;动作,活动　搭配be on the move_____________________________
22.rescue n.& vt.　　　　　 　　　　 n.救援者　搭配come to one’s rescue___________________
→
effort
尽量,尽力
eruption
火山爆发
catch fire
put out a fire
→
→
information
informed
通知某人某事
movement
在行进中,在移动中
营救,救援
rescuer
营救(某人);救助(某人)
23.ruin n.&vt.破坏；毁坏　搭配　　　　　　严重受损,破败不堪
24.scare vt.惊吓,使害怕　vi.受惊吓　 　　　　adj.害怕的,恐惧的　 　　　　 adj.恐怖的
25.sharp adj.（变化）急剧的；锋利的；清晰的；敏锐的；（方向）急转的；明显的，鲜明的；刺耳的，尖厉的→　　　 adv.急剧地;严厉地;突然地→_______v.(使)变锋利;(使)提高,改善
26.shock n.震惊,令人震惊的事;休克　vt.使震惊　 　　　 adj.惊人的→　　　　adj.震惊的
27.　　　　n.供应量;[pl.]补给,补给品　vt.供应,供给 搭配supply sb. with sth.　　　　　　 __
28.tear n.　　　　　v.撕裂　vt.撕开;撕掉 搭配　　　 哭着,哭泣
29.wise adj.明智的　　　　　n.智慧,才智 反　　　　adj.不明智的
in ruins
→
scared
→
→
scary
sharply
sharpen
shocking
shocked
supply
给某人提供某物
眼泪,泪水
in tears
wisdom
unwise
→
请同学们完成基础练2题！
核心词汇突破
(1)我不忍心看见她哭。
____________________________
(2)失去他的情景她想都不敢想。
__________________________________________________
(3)他无法忍受遭人嘲笑。
____________________________________
(4)记住﹐有些孩子需要帮助。
_________________________ some children will need help.
1.bear vt.忍受；承担责任
·can’t bear sth. 接受不了某事
·can’t bear to do sth. 不忍心做某事
·bear sth. in mind/bear in mind (that) 记住（某事）﹐把（某事）记在心里
I can’t bear to see her cry.
She couldn’t bear the thought of losing him.
He can’t bear to be laughed at.
Bear in mind that
(1)我尽量保持镇定﹐不去理睬他。
I tried to ______________ and just ignore him.
(2)他深深地吸了几口气，使自己平静下来。
He took a few deep breaths to ___________________________.
(3)金融市场目前很稳定。
__________________________________ at the moment.
(4)冷静点﹐告诉我发生了什么事。
___________________ and tell me what happened.
2.calm adj.镇静的；风平浪静的 v.(使)平静，（使）镇定
·remain/stay/keep calm 保持镇定
·calm down/calm sb/sth down （使）平静，镇静，安静
stay calm
calm himself down
The financial markets are calm
Calm down
(1)实际上﹐我们挣钱会比去年少。
_____________________, we’ll be earning less than we were last year.
(2) 这种药的常见副作用可能包括头痛和肌肉疼痛。
Common ____________________ of the drug may include headaches and muscle pains.
(3)这些建议即将付诸实施。
The recommendations will soon be ____________________.
3.effect n.影响，效应，结果
·take effect 开始起作用﹔开始产生效果
·take effect/come into effect 生效/开始实施
·be in effect 在实施中﹐有效
·side effect （尤指药物﹑疗法的）副作用
·bring/put sth into ef fect 使生效；实行；实施
In effect
side effects
put into effect
(1)自动变速汽车令驾驶更轻松。
An automatic car ____________________________________.
(2)我极力去理解他们的观点。
I ________________________________ see their point of view.
(3)她的马轻松跳过了篱笆。
Her horse jumped the fence ________________________________.
4.effort n.努力，气力；试图，尽力
·make an effort 尽量，尽力
·take the effort out of something使某事变得容易
·make every effort to do something尽一切努力做某事
·without effort轻松地
takes the effort out of driving
made every effort to
without any effort
(1)地址如有变更﹐请尽早通知我们。
_________________________________________ as soon as possible.
(2)他告发了他的亲弟弟。
__________________________________
(3)我得到可靠消息说他们俩明年结婚。
I have been reliably informed ___________________________________.
(4)没人通知我典礼何时举行。
I have not been informed ___________________________________.
5.inform vt.通知;告知
·inform sb. about/of sth. 通知某人某事
·inform on sb. 告发；检举

when the ceremony will take place
that the couple will marry next year
He informed on his own brother.
Please inform us of any change of address
(1)听到他辞职的消息，我深感意外。
I ______________________ hear that he had resigned.
(2)她惊讶地环顾四周。
She looked round ________________.
(3)她突然惊恐地意识到自己被跟踪了。
She realized with __________________ that she was being followed.
(4)我觉得我仍然惊魂未定。
I think I’m still __________________________.
6.shock n.震惊，令人震惊的事；休克 vt.使震惊
·be shocked to do sth. 做某事很震惊
·in shock 惊讶地
·with a shock 吃惊地
was shocked to
in shock
a sudden shock
in a state of shock
(1) An informer _______________________________ the names of those involved in the crime.有线人向警方提供了涉案者的名字。
(2)许多志愿者来自当地学校。
Local schools _________________________________.
(3)洪水过后粮食短缺。
Food is _____________________________ following the flooding.
7.supply n.供应量；[pl.]补给，补给品 vt.供应，供给，提供
·supply sb. with sth. 给某人提供某物
·supply sth. to sb. 向某人提供某物
·be in short supply 供应短缺
supply many of the volunteers
supplied the police with
in short supply
话题语段拓展
一、阅读下面语段，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
[教材改编,人教必修一U4 P50]Hope was not lost. Soon after the quakes, the army sent 15,0000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were 　1　 and to bury the dead. More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came to provide 　2　 care. Workers built 　3　 for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. Hundreds of thousands of people were helped. Water and food were 　4　 the city by train, truck, and plane. Slowly, the city began to breathe again.
With strong support from the government and the tireless 　5　 of the city’s people, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins. Tangshan city has 　6　 to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
1.A.trapped　　　　　　　B.rescued　　　　　　　C.burnt　　　　　　　D.left
2.A.important B.casual C.comfortable D.medical
3.A.yards B.schools C.shelters D.libraries
4.A.brought into B.put out C.flown into D.turned out
5.A.skills B.efforts C.dreams D.movements
6.A.belonged B.applied C.proved D.contributed
1.A　地震发生后不久,军队派遣了15万名士兵到唐山去挖出被困的人并埋葬死者。根据语境和上文中的"dig out"可知,此处表示"被困的人",故答案为A项。
2.D　根据上文中的"More than 10,000 doctors and nurses came"可知,医生和护士提供的应该是"医疗的(medical)"援助,故答案为D项。
3.C　根据下文内容可知,工人为那些房子被破坏的幸存者修建"庇护所(shelters)",故答案为C项。
4.A　根据语境可知,这里指的是水和食物通过火车、卡车和飞机被运进(brought into)这座城市,故答案为A项。
5.B　根据空前的"strong support from the government"可知,这里应该指的是"不懈的努力(tireless efforts)",故答案为B项。
6.C　唐山市已经向中国和世界上的其他国家证明(proved),在灾难中,人们必须团结起来,展示出保持积极和重建更美好未来的智慧。
答案
请同学们完成基础练3剩余的试题！
基础练4 续写提分素材
——各种“说”和“唱”
单词
whisper小声说，murmur低语，shout喊叫，yell大喊，scream尖叫，roar吼叫，sob哭诉，sigh叹息道，explain解释道，scold责骂，add补充说，continue继续说，comfort安慰道，insist坚持说，remark评论
smile微笑，laugh（大）笑， grin咧嘴笑，giggle咯咯地笑，chuckle轻声地笑
词组
1.in a friendly/pleasant/low/firm tone以友好/和蔼可亲/低沉/坚定的语气
2.in a low/loud/soft/sharp voice以低沉/响亮/轻柔/尖锐的声音
3.at the top of one's voice扯着嗓子，高声地
4.grin/smile from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴
词组
5.force a smile/laugh勉强一笑
6.give sb. a smile给某人一个微笑
7.a broad/wide/big smile/grin一个大大的笑容
8.laugh one's head off狂笑不已
9.burst into laughter突然大笑
10.roar with laughter放声大笑
11.shake with laughter笑得浑身直抖
佳句
1.“I broke the window,” the boy said in a trembling voice.“我打碎了窗户。”这个男孩声音颤抖地说。
2.“Is it true ” he whispered in astonishment.“是真的吗？”他惊讶地低声说。
3.She was relieved to see his face light up with a boyish grin.看到他脸上露出孩子气的笑容，她总算松了口气。
4.When I walked past her, she flashed a shy smile at me without saying anything.我从她旁边走过时，她羞怯地朝我一笑，什么也没说。
仿写运用
1.“救命！”她扯着嗓子喊道。
“Help me!” she ____________________________________________.
2.“我为意大利面条的事感到抱歉。”Catherine低声道歉，脸涨红了。
“I'm sorry about the spaghetti thing,” Catherine ____________________________________________, her face reddening.
3.“我是不会放弃的。”他直视着我，坚定地说。
“I will never give up,” he __________________________, looking me straight in the eye.
4.“我成功了。”我高兴地喊道，然后转过身来，给姐姐一个温暖的微笑。
“I made it,” I cried in delight and turned around, __________________________.（现在分词作状语）
yelled/shouted at the top of her voice
murmured an apology/apologized in a low voice
said in a firm tone/firmly
giving my sister a warm smile
仿写运用
5.老师尽管对这个结果很失望，但还是勉强一笑。
Although the teacher was disappointed at the result, he still ________________________.
6.他用方言讲了个笑话，逗得大家哈哈大笑。
He told a joke in dialect, ________________________________.（现在分词作状语）
7.听到我们队赢得了比赛，教练笑得合不拢嘴。
Hearing that our team won the match, our coach ________________________.
8.当意识到我们有多么傻的时候我们都笑得浑身直抖。
We all ________________________ when we realized how stupid we'd been.
forced a smile
making everyone roar with laughter
grinned/smiled from ear to ear
shook with laughter