高中英语学业水平测试复习专题二阅读理解题型阅读补全(五选五)课件

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题型5　阅读补全(五选五)
题型分析
PART
01
第一部分
阅读补全(五选五)要求考生根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项来补全短文。其考查本质就是句子之间的衔接与连贯，这一题型实际上需要学生拓展自己思维的深度和广度，不再是简单地从句子层面出发理解和把控词汇含义和语法结构，从而逐步理解篇章意思，而是从更高层次的篇章层面上，立足整体，体会句子或语段前后的衔接和连贯性，进而把握篇章大意和作者的写作思路及意图。它要求考生不但要有扎实的语言功底，还要有较强的逻辑思维能力。
解题思路
PART
02
第二部分
1．通读全文，把握主题：通读全文，对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。
2．边读边做，分类突破：详读段落，找出各段的关键词，明确各段的主题句或段落大意；定位选项，明确各备选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤其注意各选项中出现的衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。
3．代入答案，复读验证：通读复检，将所选答案代入文中，再次通读全文，重点检查逻辑关系和关联结构。
技巧点拨
PART
03
第三部分
技法1　利用设空位置，快解阅读五选五
1．段首设空题——段落主题，上下衔接
【题型特点】　设空在段首，要么与段落标题相关联，要么是段落主题句，要么是段落过渡句，因此选项要有概括性，要么承接上段，要么是对本段内容的概括。若是针对段落小标题设空，其呈现形式应和其他小标题相同。
【图解技巧1】　
【图解技巧2】　
【图解技巧3】　
2．段中设空题——承上启下，逻辑关系
【题型特点】　段中设空属于对主题句的展开，通常考查与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。段中设空的特点主要是以转折手法引出主题句，或者是用来承上启下的过渡句，也可能是补充上文的具体事实、事例和说明。解答此类试题时，考生首先应确定所缺的句子是细节句还是过渡句，对于这两类句子，应采用不同的方法来解题。
【图解技巧】　
3．段尾设空题——承接上文，总结概括
【题型特点】　设空在段尾，通常为结论性、概括性语句，若不是结论性、概括性语句，则考虑是过渡句，即通过空格把本段与下一段巧妙地衔接起来。
【图解技巧1】　
【图解技巧2】　
技法2　根据逻辑关系，化解阅读五选五
【题型特点】　每篇文章都是一个有机统一的整体，各部分之间存在着一定的内在联系。从逻辑意义上来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、转折、因果、例证、总分、补充、解释、对比等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种关系。因此，理解阅读五选五的阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其来进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，这就需要考生全面理解文章大意，根据上下文语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，并做出正确的判断。
【图解技巧】　
技法3　依据线索词汇，巧解阅读五选五
1．词汇复现法
【题型特点】　介绍段落主旨时，常会有核心词的复现，但不是词语的简单重复，而是核心词以同义词、近义词或不同词性的词等形式出现。考生在做题时，应注意选项中出现的与原文意思相同、相近或相反的词汇。
【图解技巧】　
2．代词指代法
【题型特点】　代词的使用主要是为了避免重复，用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。代词指代一定要注意两种情况：1.选项中的代词要特别关注；2.挖空后面的句子中的代词要特别关注。
【图解技巧】　
技法4　利用标点符号，准解阅读五选五
【题型特点】　标点符号能确定句子之间的关系。设空处后面的标点符号可以是逗号、句号、破折号、问号等，借助于这些标点符号可以缩小答案范围，提高做题的准确率。
【图解技巧】　
专题训练
PART
04
第四部分
Passage 1
Do you want to find out how you can learn a new language quickly There are really no secrets. You just need to be willing to work hard and not be afraid to make mistakes. 1.___________________________________
根据上文内容可知，空处应引出下文介绍学习英语的秘诀，C项符合语境。
C．The following tips may help you.
Connect with a native speaker.
The best way to learn a new language is to speak it. Too often, people spend all of their time studying grammar and memorizing lists of words. 2.__________________________________________________ You'll feel much more motivated about learning the language than staring at a book or computer screen.
根据下文“You'll feel much more motivated...a book or computer screen.”可知，空处应说明一种比看书和电脑屏幕更有用的学习英语的方法，D项符合语境。
D．Speaking with a real, live person will help you.
3．________________________
People often have claimed to have studied a language “for five years” and still not be fluent. But when they say five years, they probably mean that they studied the language for only a couple of hours a week over that entire time period. Let's get one thing clear：If you want to learn a new language successfully, you're going to have to study the language every day.
根据下文“Let's get one thing clear：If you want to...study the language every day.”并结合本段内容可知，本段主要讲学习英语应坚持每天学习，空处为本段小标题，应总结本段内容，A项符合语境。
A．Learn the language daily.
Carry a dictionary at all times.
Carrying a dictionary with you will save you a lot of time. 4.________________________________ It can be an actual, physical dictionary, or a dictionary app on your phone—you just need to be able to consult it quickly whenever you need a word.
根据上文“Carrying a dictionary with you will save you a lot of time.”可知，本段主要讲运用字典来帮助学习英语，空处应讲获取一本字典，B项中的one与上文中的a dictionary相对应，B项符合语境。
B．So get one as soon as possible!
Watch, listen, read and write in your chosen language.
Possibly the easiest thing you can do is watch television shows or movies in the language you are trying to learn. You should also attempt to read and write in your new language. Besides, download podcasts (播客) or tunes in to radio stations in your new language. 5.____________________
____________________________________________________________ You can try to repeat or retell a sentence, a paragraph or the whole text in your own language.
E．This is a great way to immerse (使沉浸于) yourself in the language while you're on the go.
根据上文“Besides, download podcasts or tunes in to radio stations in your new language.”可知，作者建议运用广播学习英语，空处应说明这样做的好处，E项中的This指代上文中的download podcasts or tunes in to radio stations，E项符合语境。
A．Learn the language daily.
B．So get one as soon as possible!
C．The following tips may help you.
D．Speaking with a real, live person will help you.
E．This is a great way to immerse (使沉浸于) yourself in the language while you're on the go.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章就怎样学好一门语言给出了一些建议。
Passage 2
Your teen years are a time to learn about yourself and start thinking about your future. Doing well in school and leading a healthy social and personal life will make you happier and more likely to succeed. 1.______________________________________ Instead, remember to have fun and live a life you love!
根据上文“Doing well in school...and more likely to succeed.”和下文“Instead, remember to have fun and live a life you love！可知，空处应是过渡句，B项承上启下，符合语境。
B．But you shouldn't get too crazy with success.
Become a curious reader. Go to your school library and check out books that interest you.It can be anything from poetry to storybooks—just get reading! 2._________________________________________________
_________________
根据上文“Become a curious reader...anything from poetry to storybooks—just get reading！”及下文内容可知，空处应讲向图书管理员寻求建议。D项承上启下，符合语境。
D．If you don't know where to start, ask the librarian for suggestions.
Look ahead to life after you graduate from high school. Think ahead to what you will do in the future, whether that's geting a degree, volunteering, or jumping right into the career of your choice. 3.__________
_______________________________________________ Just start to think about what you might want to do in the future according to your interests, passions and skills.
根据上文“Think ahead to what you will do...or jumping right into the career of your choice.”和下文“Just start to think about...according to your interests, passions and skills.可知，此处是在让你思考未来的方向，C项承上启下，符合语境。
C．Don't worry，as you don't have to choose a career right now.
Take after- class activities you enjoy. 4._______________________
___________________________ Whether you're into film, theatre, pottery, painting, or playing music, you can find classes at your school or courses at local recreation (娱乐) centers.
根据上文“Take after- class activities you enjoy.”和下文“Whether you're into...at your school or courses at local recreation centers.”可知，空处所表达的内容也应与课外活动相关。E项中的them指代前面的after class activities。E项指参加课外活动的目的和作用，符合语境。
E．Make them a chance for you to relax and express yourself.
5．____________________________________________ To feel a sense of achievement about your school and personal life, set realistic goals for yourself. For example, you might set a goal to achieve all A's and B's this term. As for personal goals, you might plan to get really good at shooting 1- point shots in basketball or learn how to bake bread.
根据下文“To feel a sense of achievement...set realistic goals for yourself.”可知，本段主要讲述了建议设定现实的目标。A项能概括全段内容，符合语境。
A．Set realistic academic and personal goals.
A．Set realistic academic and personal goals.
B．But you shouldn't get too crazy with success.
C．Don't worry，as you don't have to choose a career right now.
D．If you don't know where to start, ask the librarian for suggestions.
E．Make them a chance for you to relax and express yourself.