GRAMMAR
状语从句高考考点点拨
状语从句是高考主要考点。本学期我们已复习 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )过地点状语从句、条件状语从句及让步状语从句高考考点，故本期将继续通过高考真题了解其它类型的状语从句的高考考点。
考点一、时间状语从句
【考例】
选用括号内适当的内容完成下面句子。
1. ________ (Once / U ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ntil) the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover. (北京2015)
2. If you miss this c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hance, it may be years ________ (since / before) you get another one.
(重庆2015)
3. It was the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) middle of the night ________ (while / when) my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game. (江西2014)
【点拨】
1. Once。设空处引导时间状语从句，表示“一旦”，相当于as soon as，故选Once。
2. before。it will b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e +一段时间+ before ... 表示“要过多久才……”，before引导的句子常用一般现在时态。句意为“如果你错过了这次机会，可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。”
3. when。设空处引导时间状语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )从句，表示时间点，故选when。while引导的时间状语从句表示时间的延续，谓语常用延续性动词。
考点二、原因状语从句
【考例】
选用括号内适当的内容完成下面句子。
1. Mark needs to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )learn Chinese ________ (since / though) his company is opening a branch in Beijing. (山东2013)
2. —Coach, can I continue with the training
—Sorry, you can’t ________ (unless / as) you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.
(重庆2012)
【点拨】
1. since。his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )company is opening a branch in Beijing是Mark needs to learn Chinese的原因，故设空处引导原因状语从句，选since。
2. as。you ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ven’t recovered from the knee injury是you can’t (continue with the training)的原因，故设空处引导原因状语从句，选as。
考点三、目的状语从句
【考例】
选用括号内适当的内容完成下面句子。
Cathy had quit her ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )job when her son was born ________ (so that / now that) she could stay home and raise her family. (浙江2014)
【点拨】
so that。she could s ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )tay home and raise her family是Cathy had quit her job的目的，故选so that。 可引导目的状语的连词还有in case, in order that等。
考点四、方式状语从句
【考例】
选用括号内适当的内容完成下面句子。
1. Just ________ (as / because) a single world can change the meaning of a sentence, a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph. (浙江2015)
2. Jack wasn’t sayin ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )g anything, but the teacher smiled at him ________ (even if / as if) he had done something very clever. (湖南2011)
【点拨】
1. as。设空处引导方式状语从句，表示“正如”，故选as。
2. as if。设空处引导方式状语从句，表示“似乎，好像”，故选as if。
说明：以上所选高考真题形式有所改动。
【即学即练】
I. 根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. 我们刚到车站，火车就走了。
________ ________ had we got to the station ________ the train left.
2. 既然你已通过考试，你就可以自己开车。
________ ________ you’ve passed your test, you can drive on your own.
3. 别坐在那儿啥也不干，来帮我扫扫地。
Don’t sit there ________ e and help me sweep the floor.
4. 有这么多的孩子需要照顾，这位母亲只好辞了工作。
________ so many c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hildren ________ ________ ________, the mother has to quit her job.
II. 选用正确的内容完成下面短文。
Life is very much l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ike a garden. You should avoid the following things 1. ________ (so that / as if) you can get a successful garden to grow.
The law of weeds
Weeds will grow ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) for sure 2. ________ (once / until) you don’t plant flowers. In other words, 3. ________ (since / when) your thoughts and actions are not directed towards success, they will bring you 4. ________ (when / where) you don’t want to go.
A half-grown garden
What will your gard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en look like 5. ________ (as / if) you only spend a few hours a week gardening Some roses might grow here and there, but the success of your garden will not be guaranteed. Most people want to have more success in life but they don’t want to actually work for it. They usually fail 6. ________ (while / because) they put comfort before results.
Always digging up your seeds
You need to be patien ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t 7. ________ (in order that / as long as) you can see the results you want. 8. ________ (When / While) you plant a flower, you believe it will grow. You don’t dig it up every day to see how much it has grown. Patience could be your missing link to success.
III. 选用方框内合适的连词完成下面短文（每个连词限用一次）。
as, because, before, when, in order that
The announceme ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt of a marriage date for girls of the Tujia ethnic minority in China is usually welcomed with crying, as is the custom. For this reason, the new bride (新娘) should begin to cry up to one month 1. ________ the wedding ceremony. If she doesn’t behave 2. ________ the custom requires, her suitability and virtue will be poorly judged. 3. ________ she will be regarded as a good girl, she should begin to learn how to cry for marriage at the age of twelve. 4. ________ it sometimes is a hard task for girls, some of them will invite an experienced person to teach them. 5. ________ they are fifteen years old, girls will compete to see who cries best.
参考答案
【即学即练】
I. 1. No sooner; th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )an 2. Now that 3. doing nothing 4. With; to look after
II. 1. so that 2. once 3. when 4. where 5. if 6. because 7. in order that 8. When
III. 1. before 2. as 3. In order that 4. Because 5. WhenWORDS & EXPRESSIONS
matter
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳matter的意思及用法。
1. I know Charles ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) doesn’t think this project is important, but it matters to me.
2. It will not matter if you come home a little late.
3. It doesn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )matter what you wear, as long as you look neat and tidy.
4. It didn’t matter th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at our best player was injured after 10 minutes — we still won.
5. Will you phone me back It’s a matter of some importance.
6. It was a matter of life and death for them.
【自我归纳】
1. matter作动词，意为“________”（句1—句4），主要用于以下结构中：
★it doesn’t matter if ...（句2）;
★it doesn’t matter who / why / what etc. ...（句3）;
★it doesn’t matter that ...（句4）。
2. matter作名词，主要含义和用法有：
★事，事情（句5）;
★________，构成固定搭配：a matter of ...（句6）。
【即学即练】翻译下面句子。
1. 不要担心那些打碎的杯子了，它们不重要。
_________________________________________________
2. 有更重要的事情需要我们去讨论。
_________________________________________________
3. 会议将在什么地方举行并不重要。
_________________________________________________
4. 他当时不能接受那笔钱。那是原则问题。
_________________________________________________
参考答案
matter
【自我归纳】重要，要紧，有关系；问题
【即学即练】
1. Don’t worry about the broken cups; they don’t matter.
2. There are more important matters we need to discuss.
3. It doesn’t matter where the meeting will take place.
4. He couldn’t take the money. It was a matter of principle.
as long as
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳as long as的意思。
1. As long as you are happy, it doesn’t matter what job you do.
2. As long as you are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) going to town anyway, you can do something for me.
3. This river is as long as that one.
【自我归纳】
通过观察上面的句子，我们发现as long as意为：________（句1）；既然（句2）；与……一样长（句3）。
【拓展】含as ... as的常用短语：
as far as 远至……，就……而言
as soon as 一……就
as well as与……一样好，和，也，还
【即学即练】根据括号内的汉语提示补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. I don’t care where ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )we will eat, ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (只要是中餐馆).
2. It must be r ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )emembered that there are advantages ________ ________ ________ ________ (和缺点) of watching TV.
3. I’ll tell you ________ ________ ________ ________ _________ ________ _________ (我一到达北京).
参考答案
as long as
【自我归纳】只要
【即学即练】
1. as long as it is a Chinese restaurant
2. as well as disadvantages
3. as soon as I get to Beijing
count
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳count的意思及用法。
1. Don’t count your chickens before they are hatched.
2. There are ten people here, not counting the children.
3. I count myself lucky to have a job.
4. Every point in this game counts.
5. According to my count there are 27 people present.
【自我归纳】
★count用作动词，意为：①数（数目）（句1）；②把……算入，包括（句2）；③认为，看作（句3）；④很重要，很有价值（句4）。
★count用作名词，意为“数出的总数，总数”（句5）。
【即学即练】翻译下面句子。
1. 如果把五岁的马丁也算上，参加这次旅行的一共有六个人。
________________________________________________
2. 重要的不是你读了多少，而是你读了什么。
________________________________________________
3. 我认为拒绝这个建议是不明智的。
________________________________________________
参考答案
count
【即学即练】
1. Six people are on the trip if you count five-year-old Martin.
2. It is not how much you read, but what you read that counts.
3. I count it unwise to reject the suggestion.
lie in
【归纳】lie in意为：①在于；②（早晨）睡懒觉；③位于。如：
The problem l ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ies in the fact that he isn’t confident about his health.
It was a Sunday, so I could lie in till almost lunch time.
The Rocky Mountains lie in the west part of America.
【即学即练】翻译下面句子。
1. The chief difficulty lies in finding a good opportunity.
_________________________________________________
2. A lot of national parks lie in the areas inhabited by minorities.
_________________________________________________
参考答案
lie in
【即学即练】
1. 主要的困难在于找到一个好时机。
2. 许多国家公园都位于少数民族聚居的地方。
resist
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳resist的意思及用法。
1. The soldiers resisted the enemy attacks for two days.
2. It’s a kind of glass that resists heat.
3. It’s difficult to resist a challenge like that.
4. Hearing the joke, all the children couldn’t resist laughing.
5. He was unable to resist the temptation to take the wallet.
【自我归纳】
resist是动词，主要含义和用法有：
★________（句1）；
★抗，耐，不受……的影响（句2）；
★ 抵制，抗拒（句3、句4 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )和句5），用于以下结构中：resist ________ sth. 忍不住做某事（句4）；resist the temptation ________ sth.克制做某事的念头（句5）。
【拓展】
resistance n. 抵抗，反抗；抵抗力
resistant adj. 抵抗的；有抵抗力的
【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. 这诱惑很大，但他知道如何抵制。
The temptation is great, but he knows ________ ________ ________.
2. 看到他那么悲伤，我忍不住把真相告诉了他。
Seeing he was so sad, I ________ ________ ________ him the truth.
3. 这是一种抗冻的植物，可以种在北方。
This is a plant th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at ________ ________ and it can be grown in the north.
4. 很难抗拒那样的邀请。
________ ________ ________ ________ an invitation like that.
参考答案
resist
【自我归纳】抵抗，抵挡；doing；to do
【即学即练】
1. how to resist 2. couldn’t resist telling 3. resists cold 4. It’s hard / difficult to resistSENTENCE EXPLANATIONS
请和你的同学一起认真分析下面句子，并补全所缺内容。这种学习方式能逐步提高你理解长难句的能力。
1. Professors of lingu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )istics, writers and teachers all worry about providing a perfect model to follow but as it is so widely spoken, it has become impossible to say which English is “correct” and which is “incorrect”. (P44)
【分析】
①本句是一个由but连接的并列复合句。
②but前的分句中，providing a perfect model to follow是动词-ing形式短语作介词about的宾语。
③but后的分句中：as引导________从句；主句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是不定式短语to say which English is “correct” and which is “incorrect”，其中两个which引导的从句并列作say的宾语。
【句意】语言学教授、作家以及教师都在为提供一种可以模仿的完美模式而忧虑，但由于英语使用如此之广，要想区别某种英语正确与否已经变得不可能。
【仿写】琼一直担心她分不清英式英语和美式英语，但当她搬到伦敦后，她很容易地能分辨出哪些是英式英语，哪些是美式英语。
______________________________________________________________________________
2. They came fro ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m all over Britain, but especially from Northern Ireland and the London area, which is why the Australian accent today has traces of both Irish and cockney speech patterns. (P44)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② which引导________从句，指代前面整个句子。
③ why引导________从句，在从句中作原因状语。
【句意】他们来自英国各地，但主要来自北爱尔兰以及伦敦地区，这就是现在澳大利亚英语带有爱尔兰以及伦敦口音的原因。
【仿写】海伦曾在中国呆了四年，这就是她汉语说得如此流利的原因。
______________________________________________________________________________
3. The English spea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )kers found a people who had been living in Australia for more than 50,000 years — the Aborigines, and an extraordinary variety of wildlife, unique to the continent. (P44)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② 句子的主干是：主语（The E ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nglish speakers）+谓语（found）+宾语（a people 和 ________）。the Aborigines作a people的同位语。who引导定语从句，修饰________。unique to the continent是形容词短语作定语，修饰________。
【句意】这些讲英语的人发现了一个已经在澳大利亚生存了50,000多年的民族——土著人和这片土地独有的异常丰富的野生生物种类。
【仿写】我们无意中发现了一个独特的物种，它已经在这个岛上生存了一千多年。
______________________________________________________________________________
4. Today there is a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) debate in Singapore about which variety of English is the best: Singlish, or a variety closer to British English, which is the aim of the Speak Good English Movement created in 1999. (P45)
【分析】
①本句是一个主从复合句。
②Today there is a debate in Singapore about是主句。
③第一个which 引导的从句作a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bout的宾语，该从句中又包含一个which（第二个）引导的非限制性定语从句，补充说明先行词a variety。
④created in 1999是动词-ed形式作后置定语，修饰the Speak Good English Movement。
【句意】至今在新加坡还有关于哪种英语 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )最好的争论：是新加坡式英语还是一种更接近于英国英语的变体。这是1999年开始开展的“讲好英语活动”的目的。
【仿写】今天我们班就什么是学英语的最好 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )方法进行了一次讨论：是读英文文学作品还是收听BBC。BBC是成立于1922年的英国最大的新闻广播机构。
______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.【分析】原因状语
【仿写】Joan had been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) worrying about telling British English and American English apart but after she moved to London, it was very easy for her to tell which were British English and which were American English.
2.【分析】定语；表语
【仿写】Helen on ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ce stayed in China for four years, which is why she speaks Chinese so fluently.
3.【分析】an extraordinary variety of wildlife；people；wildlife
【仿写】We came acros ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s a unique species which had been living for more than 1,000 years on this island.
4.【仿写】Today our ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )class had a discussion about which is the best way to learn English: reading English literary works or listening to the BBC, which is the biggest news broadcasting organisation in Britain founded in 1922.
