WORDS & EXPRESSIONS
share
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳 share的意思及用法。
1. We share a small room between us.
2. Eric shared his chocolate with the other kids.
3. Ivan and his twin brother share the same tastes and interests.
4. We must make sure that everyone gets equal shares of the food.
5. The value of Luke's shares has fallen by 8%.
【自我归纳】
★share作动词时，意为：①合用 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )（句1）；②分享（常用搭配：share sth. ________ sb.）（句2）；③共同具有（句3）。
★share作名词时，意为：①一份，份额（句4）；②股份（句5）。
【即学即练】翻译下面句子。
1. 他们同甘共苦。
_____________________________________
2. 我们给了这五个孩子每人均等的一份。
_____________________________________
参考答案
share
【自我归纳】with
【即学即练】
1. They share their joys and sorrows.
2. We gave each of the five children an equal share.
prove
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳prove的意思及用法。
1. The concert proved a great success, which made us excited.
2. The film has proved popular, attracting a wide audience.
3. To our gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eat relief, his illness proves not to be as serious as we feared.
4. In the job ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) interview, you need to prove your great ability in using English.
5. Doesn’t this fact prove that what you did was wrong
6. Jane Goodall has proved herself to be a great scientist.
7. Bob proved himself (to be) equal to this position.
【自我归纳】
★ prove作连系动词，意为“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )________”，后接名词、________词或不定式作表语，无被动语态，无进行时态，如句1、句2和句3。
★ prove作及物动词，意为“证 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )明，证实”，后接名词或代词，如句4；后跟________，如句5；后跟复合结构，构成“prove sb. / sth. (to be) +名词/形容词”结构，如句6和句7。
【辨析】prove & turn out
两者都有“证明是，结果是”的含义，但是prove更强调经实践证明，而turn out则有较强的意外之意。如：
The extra room proved very useful when we had visitors.
It was a difficult time, but eventually things turned out all right.
【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. 我的决定证明是一个很好的决定。
My decision _____ _____ _____ a good one.
2. 你必须证明你对你的所作所为是感到惭愧的。
You have to _____ _____ you are sorry for what you’ve done.
3. 这个队感到他们有什么要去证明，所以打得很出色。
The team felt they had _____ _____ _____ and played brilliantly.
4. 一次疯狂的行为并不足以证明一个人就是疯狂的。
One mad action is not enough _____ _____ _____ _____ _____.
参考答案
prove
【自我归纳】证明是，被发现是；形容；从句
【即学即练】
1. proved to be 2. prove that 3. something to prove 4. to prove a man mad
cater for
【归纳】cater for意为：①提供饮食，承办酒席；②满足……的要求，适合。如：
I’m catering for a wedding reception next week.
The school aims to cater for children of all abilities.
【即学即练】翻译下面句子。
1. TV must cater for many different tastes.
______________________________________________
2. Who will cater for your friend’s birthday party
______________________________________________
参考答案
cater for
【即学即练】
1. 电视节目必须迎合各种人的喜好。
2. 谁将承办你朋友的生日聚会酒席
correspond with
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳correspond with的意思。
1. We have corresponded with each other for over ten years.
2. She stopped corresponding with him after he moved to London.
3. You can depend on him. His actions correspond with his words.
【自我归纳】
correspond with是短语动词，主要含义有：
★ ________（句1、句2）；
★ 相符合，相一致（句3）。
【拓展】correspond to也可表示“相符合，相一致”，还可表示“相当于”。如：
That corresponds to / with what he told me.
The wing of a bird corresponds to the arm of a man.
【即学即练】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1. We _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ (一直互相通信) since we met in Paris last year.
2. His story of wha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t happened that night _____ _____ _____ （与……不一致） the witness’s version.
参考答案
correspond with
【自我归纳】与……通信
【即学即练】
1. have been corresponding with each other
2. didn’t correspond with / to
reflect
【语境展示】阅读下面句子，注意并归纳 reflect的意思及用法。
1. The little boy saw himself reflected in the shop window.
2. This material absorbs the sound, and doesn’t reflect it.
3. Bruce said that the statement did not reflect his own views.
4. Bob had time to reflect on / upon his successes and failures.
5. Moe reflected that he had never seen Sherry so happy.
【归纳】reflect是动词，意 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )为：①映出（影像）（句1）；②反射（声音等）（句2）；③反映，表达（句3）；④认真思考，沉思（常见搭配：reflect on / upon sth.; reflect that …）（句4、句5）。
【即学即练】翻译下面句子。
1. 我需要时间来考虑你的建议。
———————————————————————————
2. 这位作曲家的音乐反映出他对非洲文化的兴趣。
______________________________________________________
参考答案
reflect
【即学即练】
1. I need time to reflect on / upon your offer.
2. The composer’s music reflects his interest in African culture.GRAMMAR
情态动词高考考点点拨
情态动词是高考考查的重点语法项目之一。下面我们将高考情态动词的常见考点总结如下：
考点一、表示允许的情态动词
【考例】
选用括号内适当的内容完成下面句子。
1. ________ (Can / S ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hall) I have a word with you It won’t take long. (北京2014)
2. —________ (Will / May) I take the book out
—I’m afraid not. (四川2010)
【点拨】
1. Can。根据have a word ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )with you可知此处是在请求对方允许，故选can。could也可以表示许可，主要用于疑问句。
2. May。由I’m afraid not可知，设空处表示允许，故选May。
考点二、表示推测的情态动词
【考例】
选用括号内适当的内容完成下面句子。
1. You ________ (must / shall) be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
(重庆2015)
2. You ________ (may / should) feel all the training a waste of time, but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it. (陕西2015)
3. Although you _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ (must / can) find bargains in London, it’s not generally a cheap place to shop. (2014年大纲全国卷)
4. Life is unpred ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ictable; even the poorest ________ (might / shall) become the richest.
(江西2014)
5. I’m afraid Mr. Hard ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ing ________ (can’t / needn’t) see you now. He’s busy.
(2010年课标全国卷II)
【点拨】
1. must。由You ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )haven’t changed a bit after all these years可知前句意为“你一定是卡罗尔”，故选must（肯定，一定）。 must表示推测时用于肯定句中，语气最强。
2. may。由but及 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )后一分句中的later you’ll be grateful you did it可知，设空处表示推测，意为“或许可能”，故选may。should表示推测时意为“按理应该”。
3. can。句意为“尽管你可能会在伦敦找到便宜货，但总得说来那不是一个购物便宜的地方”，can在此表示可能性。
4. might。句意为“生活是难以预料的，即使一贫如洗的人或许会成为最富有的人”，might表推测时语气最弱，意为“或许”。
5. can’t。由He’s busy可知，“哈丁先生现在不可能见你”，can’t表示“不可能”，语气较强。
考点三、“情态动词+ have done”结构
【考例】
选用括号内适当的内容完成下面句子。
1. I ________ (need ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n’t / couldn’t) have worried before I came to the new school, for my classmates here are very friendly to me. (天津2015)
2. —Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it’s too bad. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )You ________ (would / should) have made full preparations. (福建2015)
3. Harry is feeli ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng uncomfortable. He ________ (would / must) have drunk too much at the party last night. (辽宁2013)
【点拨】
1. needn’t。由my class ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )mates here are very friendly to me可知，“我来新学校之前本来没必要担忧”，needn’t have done意为“本没必要做某事（却做了）”。
2. should。由Oh, it’ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s too bad可知，“你本应该做充分的准备”，should have done表示“本来应该做某事（却没做）”。shouldn’t have done表示“本来不应该做某事（却做了）”。
3. must。由Harry is f ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eeling uncomfortable可知，“他昨晚在聚会上一定喝了太多酒”。must have done表示“一定做了某事”。否定句中用can’t / couldn’t have done。
说明：以上所选高考真题形式有所改动。
【即学即练】
I. 选用适当的情态动词填空。
1. We’re going ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the theatre this evening. ________ you be interested in coming
2. I ________ have gone this morning but I was feeling a bit ill.
3. It’s wet outside. It ________ have rained last night.
4. I’m afraid Mr. Harding ________ see you now — he’s busy.
5. We ________ call ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) Tim before we go over to his house; he ________ not be there. I don’t want to drive all the way there for nothing.
II. 选用括号内正确的内容完成下面对话。
Alice: 1. ________ (May / Should) I borrow the company truck for a fundraiser this weekend
Bruce: Sure, I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) think that would be possible. But you 2. ________ (might / must) return it before Sunday.
Alice: OK, we will need it for Saturday only.
Bruce: Who will be driving it
Alice: Mary.
Bruce: It surprises ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) me that Mary 3. ________ (should / shall) drive a truck. I thought she 4. ________ (mustn’t / couldn’t) drive.
Alice: Actually, sh ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e is an excellent driver. Can we borrow the chairs from the lunchroom also
Bruce: Yes, that wou ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ld be fine. Just make sure that everything is returned by Sunday.
III. 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1. —I don’t really like James. Why did you invite him
—Don’t worry. He _____ come. He said he wasn’t certain what his plans were. (北京 2011)
A. must not B. need not C. would not D. might not
2. —I left my handb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
—How unbelievable to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) get it back! I mean, someone _____ it. (江苏 2011)
A. will have stol ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en B. might have stolen C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
3. It _____ be the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) postman at the door. It’s only six o’clock. (江西 2011)
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. won’t D. needn’t
4. They _____ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. (2011 新课标全国卷)
A. will B. can C. must D. should
5. —Will you read me a story, Mummy
—OK. You _____ have o ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ne if you go to bed as soon as possible. (陕西 2011)
A. might B. must C. could D. shall
6. I _____ through tha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t bitter period without your generous help. (陕西 2011)
A. couldn’t ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve gone B. didn’t go C. wouldn’t go D. hadn’t gone
7. —Why didn’t you come to Simon’s party last night
—I wanted to, bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t my mom simply _____ not let me out so late at night. (重庆 2011)
A. could B. might C. would D. should
8. I _____ sooner b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ut I didn’t know that they were waiting for me. (天津 2011)
A. had come B. was coming C. would come D. would have come
IV. 选用方框内适当的内容完成下面短文（每空一词）。
could, can’t, couldn’t, must, might, shouldn’t
I was driving ho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )me late at night when my car started to get slower and slower. I didn’t know what was wrong. “It 1. ________ be the fuel,” I thought, “the petrol gauge (计量器) is showing I have plenty left.” Then my car died completely although I managed to roll to the side of the road. It was an extremely dark, lonely country road. Surely, there 2. ________ be some traffic even on a road like this! There 3. ________ be someone who would be kind enough to stop and help me. But there was no one and I felt like a fool. Besides, I 4. ________ have left without charging my cell phone. The battery was dead and I was alone without any way to contact my family. Time dripped slowly away like a leaking tap. Still, there was no sign of anyone.
An hour later I saw ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) a faint light in the distance. I had a white scarf and waved it as hard as I 5. ________. It was a huge lorry. The driver stopped and kindly drove me to the nearest hotel where I called my family and explained what had happened. Later, when my husband arrived I 6. ________ have been happier.
参考答案
I. 1. Will / Woul ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d 2. should 3. must 4. can’t 5. should; may / might
II. 1. May 2. must 3. should 4. couldn't
III. 1—4 DBBD 5—8 DACD
IV. 1. can’t 2. must 3. might 4. shouldn’t 5. could 6. couldn’tSENTENCE EXPLANATIONS
请和你的同学一起认真分析下面句子，并补全所缺内容。这种学习方式能逐步提高你理解长难句的能力。
1. They were allowed ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to live in communities governed by their own laws, and to keep their traditional forms of entertainment such as music and dance, which influenced the development of Tang culture. (P72)
【分析】
①本句是一个主从复合句。
②主句是“主语（They）+谓语（__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______）+主语补足语（to live ... and to keep ...）”结构；governed by their own laws是动词-ed形式作后置定语，修饰communities。
③which引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。
【句意】他们可以居住在由他们自己的法律掌管的区域，保持着他们自己的传统娱乐形式，比如音乐和舞蹈，这对唐朝文化的发展产生了影响。
【仿写】学生们将被允许放学后在上个月修建好的操场上玩，也可以在图书馆看书，这使他们非常兴奋。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. Sometimes he ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is called the “poet of history” or “the mirror of his time” because he paints a realistic picture of the problems of the age in which he lived. (P73)
【分析】
① 本句是一个主从复合句。
② Sometimes he is ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) called ... “the mirror of his time” 是主句；because he ... lived是原因状语从句，其中in which he lived是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰________。
【句意】他描绘了他所生活的那个时代的现实画卷，所以他有时被称为“历史诗人”或“时代的镜子”。
【仿写】这个学生经常向班主任汇报班上发生的每一件事，所以一些同学说他是老师的“眼线”。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. As he was not so su ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ccessful as some of the other young men of his time in the Civil Service Examination to become a government official, he began a life of travel and poetry, writing more than a thousand poems. (P73)
【分析】
①本句是一个主从复合句。
②he began a life ... thousand poems是主句，其中writing more than a thousand poems是动词-ing形式短语作状语。
③As引导________从句，其中含有“not so +形容词+ as ...”（不像……那么……）结构。
【句意】因为他（李白）不如同时代的其他一些年轻人在科举考试中顺利，他便开始了一种游历及诗歌创作的生活，写了一千多首诗。
【仿写】因为汤姆的作家生涯不像他预期得那样成功，他便开始经商，创办了自己的公司。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. It is said t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )hat he drowned when he fell into a river while trying to take hold of the reflection of the Moon. (P73)
【分析】
① 这是一个主从复合句。
② It is said that ... 是固定句型，意为“________”，其中It为形式主语，后面的that从句为真正的主语。
③ when引导的是_________从句，其中while引导的时间状语从句中省略了主语和be动词（he was）。
【句意】据说他在试图捉月亮的影子时掉进江里溺水身亡了。
【仿写】据说在那个湖底发现了一座古代城市的遗址。
_______________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1.【分析】were allowed
【仿写】After sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool, students will be allowed to play in the playground built last month, or to read books in the library, which makes them excited.
2. 【分析】age
【仿写】The stude ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nt is called the “spy” of the class teacher by some of his classmates because he often reports to him everything that happens in the class.
3.【分析】原因状语
【仿写】As Tom was not ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) so successful as he had expected in his writing career, he began doing business, setting up a company of his own.
4.【分析】据说……；时间状语
【仿写】It is said that ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the site of an ancient city has been discovered at the bottom of the lake.
